WO2014086002A1 - 一种阵列天线、配置方法及通信*** - Google Patents

一种阵列天线、配置方法及通信*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014086002A1
WO2014086002A1 PCT/CN2012/085942 CN2012085942W WO2014086002A1 WO 2014086002 A1 WO2014086002 A1 WO 2014086002A1 CN 2012085942 W CN2012085942 W CN 2012085942W WO 2014086002 A1 WO2014086002 A1 WO 2014086002A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
antenna body
planar
array
reflector
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/085942
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吕瑞
蔡梦
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN201280002246.1A priority Critical patent/CN104145373B/zh
Priority to EP12889533.1A priority patent/EP2916388B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2012/085942 priority patent/WO2014086002A1/zh
Priority to ES12889533.1T priority patent/ES2637181T3/es
Publication of WO2014086002A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014086002A1/zh
Priority to US14/728,131 priority patent/US9647333B2/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/12Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems
    • H01Q3/16Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying relative position of primary active element and a reflecting device
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H01Q15/18Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures comprising plurality of mutually inclined plane surfaces, e.g. corner reflector
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/106Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using two or more intersecting plane surfaces, e.g. corner reflector antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/19Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
    • H01Q19/192Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface with dual offset reflectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/007Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns using two or more primary active elements in the focal region of a focusing device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to an array antenna, a configuration method, and a communication system.
  • An array antenna is an antenna composed of two or more single antennas arranged in a certain space.
  • Array antennas include: multi-beam antennas, single-beam antennas without grating lobes, and single-beam antennas with grating lobes.
  • the multi-beam antenna is an antenna that artificially generates a plurality of desired beam directions on the array antenna by using phase shift control, wherein the grating lobes of the single-beam antenna with the grating lobes generate an adjustable single beam on the array antenna, Due to the limitation of physical parameters, a mirror beam is generated in other directions, and the grating lobes energy in an undesired direction.
  • the beam emission angle of the array antenna is limited by the structure of the array antenna itself, and the angle of the beam in the array antenna cannot be arbitrarily adjusted.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an array antenna, a configuration method, and a communication system capable of arbitrarily adjusting the angle of a beam in an array antenna.
  • the embodiment of the present invention uses the following technical solutions:
  • an array antenna including:
  • An antenna body wherein the antenna body is a multi-beam antenna, a single beam antenna without a grating lobe, and a single beam antenna having a grating lobe, and the antenna body transmits or receives a beam set centering on the antenna body.
  • the set of beams includes at least one beam.
  • a planar reflector for reflecting the set of beams transmitted or received by the antenna body.
  • An adjusting unit is connected to at least one of the antenna body and the planar reflector, and is configured to adjust a relative position of the beam reflector and the beam set of the antenna body, so that the antenna body is The beam set can be transmitted or received in any direction by reflection of the planar reflector.
  • the adjusting unit is configured to adjust a relative position of the plane reflector and a beam set of the antenna body, so that a beam set of the antenna body can pass the planar reflector The reflection is transmitted or received in parallel.
  • the adjusting unit includes a first adjusting subunit, and the first adjusting subunit is connected to the antenna body, and the first adjusting subunit is configured to adjust the array antenna when the position of the planar reflecting plate is fixed.
  • the adjusting unit of the antenna Positioning the beam set of the body, the adjusting unit of the antenna includes a second adjusting subunit, the second adjusting subunit is connected to the planar reflecting plate, and the second adjusting subunit is used for the antenna
  • the beam adjusting unit of the antenna body includes a third adjusting subunit, the third adjusting subunit and the planar reflecting plate and the antenna
  • the third adjusting unit is configured to enable the beam set of the antenna body to pass through the plane by adjusting the position of the planar reflector when the number or position of the beam concentrated beam of the antenna body is changed. The reflection of the reflector is transmitted or received in parallel.
  • the second adjustment subunit is any one of a hinge, a hinge, and an electric motor.
  • the number of the plane reflectors is greater than or equal to the number of beams of the antenna body.
  • the number of the planar reflecting plates is greater than or equal to the sum of the number of grating lobes in the antenna body and the single beam.
  • an array antenna configuration method is provided.
  • the antenna configuration method is applied to a multi-beam antenna, including: adjusting a relative position of a plane reflector and a beam set of the multi-beam antenna, and setting a beam set of the multi-beam antenna.
  • the plurality of reflective reflectors can be transmitted or received in parallel through the reflection of the planar reflector; the number of the planar reflectors is greater than or equal to the number of beams of the antenna body.
  • another array antenna configuration method is provided.
  • the antenna configuration method is applied to a single beam antenna having a grating lobe, including: adjusting a relative position of a beam reflector of the planar reflector and the single beam antenna having the grating lobe, Wave of the single beam antenna with the grating lobe
  • the number of the reflectors is greater than or equal to the number of beams of the antenna body.
  • a communication system comprising:
  • the array antenna includes: an antenna body, a planar reflector, and an adjustment unit.
  • the antenna body is any one of a multi-beam antenna, a single beam antenna without a grating lobe, and a single beam antenna having a grating lobe, and the antenna body transmits or receives a beam set centering on the antenna body, the beam
  • the set includes at least one beam;
  • the planar reflector is configured to reflect the beam set transmitted or received by the antenna body;
  • the adjustment unit is coupled to at least one of the antenna body and the planar reflector, Adjusting a relative position of the plane reflector and the beam set of the antenna body, so that the beam set of the antenna body can be transmitted or received in any direction through the reflection of the planar reflector.
  • the communication system further includes: a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are both the array antenna.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an array antenna, a configuration method, and a communication system.
  • the array antenna includes: an antenna body, wherein the antenna body is a multi-beam antenna, a single beam antenna without a grating lobe, and a single beam antenna having a grating lobe.
  • the antenna body transmits or receives a beam set centering on the antenna body, the beam set includes at least one beam; a plane reflector for reflecting the beam set transmitted or received by the antenna body; and an adjustment unit, the adjusting The unit is connected to at least one of the antenna body and the planar reflector for adjusting a relative position of the plane reflector and the beam set of the antenna body, so that the beam set of the antenna body can pass the reflection of the planar reflector Transmit or receive in any direction.
  • the relative position of the beam set of the planar reflector and the antenna body is adjusted by the adjusting unit, so that the beam in the array antenna can be transmitted or received in any direction, thereby realizing any adjustment of the angle of the beam in the array antenna.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of still another communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an array antenna 10, as shown in FIG. 1, including: an antenna body 101, wherein the antenna body 101 is a multi-beam antenna, a single beam antenna without a grating lobe, and a single beam antenna with a grating lobe.
  • the antenna body 101 transmits or receives a beam set centering on the antenna body 101, and the beam set includes at least one beam.
  • the planar reflector 102 is configured to reflect the beam set transmitted or received by the antenna body 101.
  • the planar reflecting plate 102 may be one or more.
  • the adjusting unit 103 is connected to at least one of the antenna body 101 and the planar reflector 102 for adjusting the relative position of the beam set of the planar reflector 102 and the antenna body 101.
  • the beam set of the antenna body 101 can be transmitted or received in any direction after being reflected by the planar reflector 102.
  • the relative position of the beam set of the planar reflector and the antenna body is adjusted by the adjusting unit, so that the beam in the array antenna can be transmitted or received in any direction, thereby realizing any adjustment of the angle of the beam in the array antenna.
  • the reflective surface on the side of the planar reflector adjacent to the antenna body may be covered with a layer of material such as aluminum or copper having less electromagnetic loss performance, so that each reflective surface is flat and smooth without protrusions or pits. .
  • the adjusting unit is configured to adjust a relative position of the plane reflector and a beam set of the antenna body, so that a beam set of the antenna body can be transmitted or received in parallel through reflection of the plane reflector.
  • a relay node is required to perform beam interfacing between two multi-beam antennas to implement point-to-point communication of a multi-beam antenna.
  • the adjustment unit is adjusted by the adjustment unit.
  • the relative positions of the beam reflectors of the planar reflector and the antenna body are such that a plurality of differently directed beams in the array antenna are simultaneously sent from the transmitting end to the same receiving end, so that the beams of the array antenna are transmitted or received in parallel, without
  • the relay node performs beam docking between the two multi-beam antennas, thereby enabling direct communication of the multi-beam antennas point-to-point.
  • the relative position of the beam set of the planar reflector and the antenna body is adjusted by the adjusting unit, so that multiple different directed beams in the array antenna are directly sent by the transmitting end at the same time.
  • each grating lobes of the single-beam antenna with grating lobes are transmitted or received in the same direction along the adjustable single beam, thereby avoiding leakage of energy in an undesired direction, thereby reducing the energy of the grating lobes. loss.
  • the adjusting unit may include a first adjusting subunit, where the first adjusting subunit is connected to the antenna body, and the first adjusting subunit is configured to adjust when the position of the planar reflecting plate is fixed.
  • the position of the beam set of the array antenna body shot or received.
  • the adjustment of the position of the beam set can be done manually.
  • the adjusting unit may further include a second adjusting subunit, wherein the second adjusting subunit is connected to the planar reflecting plate, and the second adjusting subunit is configured to adjust the
  • the position of the plane reflector is such that the second adjustment subunit of the antenna body is any one of a hinge, a hinge and an electric motor.
  • the second adjusting subunit is one or more.
  • the second adjusting subunit is a hinge or a hinge
  • a hinge or a hinge may be disposed between each adjacent planar reflecting plate to adjust the planar reflecting plate.
  • the angle of the flat reflector is adjusted to adjust the position of the planar reflector.
  • the second adjustment subunit is an electric motor
  • the electric motor can be connected to each of the planar reflectors to change the position of each of the planar reflectors.
  • the adjustment unit includes a third adjustment subunit, the third adjustment subunit is simultaneously connected to the planar reflector and the antenna body, and the third adjustment subunit is used for a beam concentrated beam on the antenna body.
  • the beam set of the antenna body can be transmitted or received in parallel through the reflection of the planar reflector by adjusting the position of the planar reflector.
  • the third adjusting subunit can adjust the number or position of the beam concentrated beam of the antenna body.
  • the number of the plane reflectors is greater than or equal to the number of beams of the antenna body; when the antenna body is a single beam antenna without a grating lobe, The number of the planar reflectors is not required.
  • the antenna body is the single-beam array antenna with the grating lobe, the number of the planar reflectors is greater than or equal to the number of the grating lobe in the antenna body. The sum of the single beams.
  • the transmitting antenna 20a includes: a first antenna body 201 a, the first antenna body 201 a is an antenna having two beams, and the first antenna body 201 a is centered on the first antenna body 201 a
  • the first beam set 201 1 a includes two beams, and the first planar reflector 202a is configured to reflect the first beam set 201 1 of the first antenna body 201 a.
  • a first adjusting unit (not shown in FIG.
  • the first adjusting unit is connected to at least one of the first antenna body 201a and the first planar reflecting plate 202a, for adjusting the first
  • the relative position of the plane reflector 202a and the first beam set 201 1 a of the first antenna body 201 a enables the first beam set 201 1 a of the first antenna body 201 a to pass the first
  • the reflection of the planar reflecting plate 202a is emitted in parallel.
  • the first adjustment unit may be a first adjustment subunit, a second adjustment subunit or a third adjustment subunit. Pass The first planar reflecting plate 202a is adjusted to a position as shown in FIG. 2 such that the beams X and Y in the first beam set 2011a can be emitted in parallel in the same direction.
  • the number of the first planar reflectors 202a may be equal to or greater than the number of the first beam sets 2011a of the first antenna body 201a. In this embodiment, the number of the first planar reflectors 202a is equal to the first antenna body 201a. The number of first beam sets 2011a.
  • the receiving antenna 20b includes: a second antenna body 201b, the second antenna body 201b receives two beams, and the second antenna body 201b receives the second beam set 2011b centering on the second antenna body 201b.
  • the second beam set 201 lb includes two beams; the second planar reflecting plate 202b is configured to reflect the second beam set 2011b received by the second antenna body 201b; the second adjusting unit (not shown in FIG.
  • the second adjusting unit is connected to at least one of the second antenna body 201b and the second planar reflecting plate 202b, and is configured to adjust the second beam of the second planar reflecting plate 202b and the second antenna body 201b
  • the relative position of the set 2011b enables the second beam set 2011b of the second antenna body 201b to be transmitted in parallel through the reflection of the second planar reflecting plate 202b.
  • the second adjustment unit may be a first adjustment subunit, a second adjustment subunit or a third adjustment subunit.
  • the number of the second planar reflectors 202b may be greater than or equal to the number of the second beam sets 2011b of the second antenna body 201b. In this embodiment, the number of the second planar reflectors 202b is equal to the second antenna. The number of second beams 2011b of the body 201b. In particular, in the communication system, beam X and beam W may be the same beam, and beam Y and beam Z may be the same beam.
  • the beam X when the beam X of the transmitting antenna 20a is emitted from the first antenna body 201a, it is reflected by the first planar reflecting plate 202a toward the receiving antenna 20b in the h direction shown in FIG. 2, and the receiving antenna 20b
  • the second antenna body 201b can receive the beam X in the h direction shown in FIG. 2, and the beam X is reflected by the second planar reflector 202b and sent to the second antenna body 201b as a beam W.
  • the second antenna body 201b is the beam. W performs the corresponding reception.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial schematic diagram of the transmitting antenna 20a in FIG. 2, and the first planar reflecting plate 202a and the first beam 201 1 a are present.
  • the beam reflected by the first planar reflecting plate 202a The angles of the beam Y, the beam W, and the beam ⁇ and the antenna body in FIG. 2 can be referred to the explanation in FIG. 3, and the details are not described herein.
  • the antenna body 401 is a 3-beam array antenna, a total of four planar reflectors 402, a third adjustment unit (not shown in FIG. 4), the third adjustment unit and the antenna body 401 and the At least one of the planar reflectors 402 is configured to adjust the relative positions of the planar reflectors 402 and the three beams of the antenna body 401, so that the three beams of the antenna body 401 can pass through the plane.
  • the reflection of the reflecting plate 402 is emitted in parallel.
  • the third adjusting unit may be a first regulating subunit, a second regulating subunit or a third regulating subunit.
  • the planar reflector 402 is further divided into 402a, 402b, 402c and 402d.
  • the antenna body 401 transmits beam 0, beam P and beam Q.
  • the beam 0 is reflected by the plane reflector 402a, and the beam P passes through the plane reflector.
  • the beam Q is reflected by the plane reflector 402c, and the reflected beam 0, the beam P and the beam Q are parallel and emitted in the same direction.
  • the plane reflector 402d is not used, and if the antenna body 401 is 4 For the beam antenna, the planar reflector 402d can be used accordingly. It should be noted that, in practical applications, the number of beams of the array antenna and the number of the plane reflectors may be adjusted according to specific situations, and any person skilled in the art may be within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention. It is to be understood that changes or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention, and the present invention will not be described again.
  • the differently directed beams in the multi-beam antenna are all transmitted outwards from the antenna, a plurality of differently directed beams cannot be transmitted or received in parallel, and the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention is adjusted.
  • the unit adjusts the relative positions of the beam set and the plane reflector, so that all the beams of the antenna body are emitted in parallel in the same direction, or the antenna body receives all the beams transmitted in parallel in the same direction, so that In the communication system shown in FIG.
  • the corresponding beams of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna can be aligned to establish a direct beam path, so that direct communication of the multi-beam antenna point-to-point can be realized, and at the same time, LOS-MIMO (Line of Sight - Diversity and multiplexing of multiple input multiple outputs, where LOS-MIMO multiplexing refers to transmitting different content signals using the same frequency on multiple transmission channels of MIMO, which can improve spectrum utilization. Rate, increase the capacity of the communication system.
  • the diversity of LOS-MIMO refers to the transmission of the same content signal on multiple transmission channels of MIMO. The diversity can improve the link reliability under the same transmission distance, and can also increase the link without reducing the reliability. Transmission distance.
  • the array antenna may include: an antenna body 501, the antenna body 501 transmitting three beams around the antenna body 501; and a plane reflecting plate 502 for reflecting 3 beams emitted by the antenna body 501; a first adjusting subunit (not shown in FIG.
  • the first adjusting subunit is connected to the antenna body 501, and the first adjusting subunit is used in the
  • the three beams of the antenna body 501 can be transmitted in parallel through the reflection of the plane reflector 502 by adjusting the positions of the three beams of the antenna body 501.
  • the three different beams are transmitted to the antenna m, the antenna n, and the antenna w at different positions, thereby realizing multi-beam point pairs. More communication.
  • the three beams can carry the same information to the antenna m, the antenna n and the antenna w to implement broadcast communication, and can also carry different information to the antenna m, the antenna n and the antenna w, respectively, to achieve point-to-multipoint independence. Communication.
  • the antenna types of the antenna m, the antenna n, and the antenna w are not limited, and the antenna m, the antenna n, and the antenna w may be a multi-beam antenna, a single beam antenna, or a transmitting antenna.
  • the embodiment of the present invention sets the antenna m as a multi-beam antenna, sets the antenna n as a single-beam antenna, and sets the antenna w to be the same type of antenna as the transmitting antenna.
  • Array antenna 501 For example, when the antenna body is a single-beam antenna with a grating lobe, the configuration of the array antenna can be referred to FIG. 2, and the number of the planar reflectors is greater than or equal to the grating lobe in the antenna body.
  • the adjusting unit is a second adjusting subunit (not shown in FIG.
  • each beam refers to a multi-beam composed of a grating lobe and a single beam.
  • the planar reflector of the single-beam antenna with the grating lobes can be adjusted by using a corresponding mirror antenna as a reference system.
  • the first antenna 201 c and the second antenna 201 d are the first antenna body 201 a.
  • the first planar reflector 202a is a mirror antenna generated by the mirror surface
  • the third antenna 201 e and the fourth antenna 201 f are mirror antennas generated by the second antenna reflector 201 b by the second planar reflector 202 b , wherein the mirror antennas are
  • the number may be equal to the number of planar reflectors, and the mirror antenna is a virtual antenna.
  • the first antenna is a first antenna body 201 c 201 a reflection plate 202a in a first plane in the plane of the mirror surface of the reflecting plate 1 to generate the image antenna, a first antenna 201 c if there is an actual beam source
  • the beam reflected by the beam source can be linearly propagated along the direction h. Therefore, the first antenna 201 c can be regarded as an equivalent beam source of the first antenna body 201 a.
  • the first The antenna 201c is used as a reference frame for the position of the planar reflector, and the angle between the planar reflector to be adjusted and the beam of the antenna body is calculated, which makes the adjustment process simpler and more convenient.
  • the adjustment of other planar reflectors in FIG. 2 can also use the corresponding mirror antenna as a reference frame, which is not described in detail in the present invention.
  • the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the communication system may be a single beam antenna.
  • the transmitting antenna 60a and the receiving antenna 60b are both array antennas provided by the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the transmitting antenna 60a includes: a third antenna body 601a, the third antenna body 601a is an antenna of a single beam without a grating lobe, and the third antenna body 601a is emitted outwardly around the third antenna body 601a.
  • a third beam 6011a a third beam 6011a; a third planar reflecting plate 602a for reflecting the beam 6011a emitted by the third antenna body 601a; a first adjusting subunit (not shown in FIG. 6), the first adjusting subunit and the The third planar reflecting plate 602a is connected, and the first adjusting subunit is configured to adjust the position of the third planar reflecting plate 602a to fix the third antenna body 601a when the third antenna body 601a is fixed.
  • the beam of 601a can be emitted in parallel by reflection of the third planar reflecting plate 602a.
  • the first adjusting subunit adjusts the angle of the third beam 6011a and the third planar reflecting plate 602a to be a reference frame with a corresponding mirror antenna.
  • the number of the third planar reflectors 602a in the transmit antenna 60a is not limited.
  • the position adjustment of the third planar reflector 602a by the first adjustment subunit needs to ensure the third antenna body 601a and the third plane reflection.
  • the slabs 602a are not blocked by other obstructions.
  • the adjustment of the angle of the third beam 6011a by the third planar reflector 602a may be based on the corresponding mirror antenna 601c.
  • the receiving antenna 60b includes: a fourth antenna body 601b, the fourth antenna body 601b is an antenna without a grating beam single beam, and the fourth antenna body 601b receives the fourth beam centering on the fourth antenna body 601b
  • the fourth planar reflecting plate 602b is configured to reflect the beam 6011b received by the fourth antenna body 601b; the first adjusting subunit (not shown in FIG. 6), the first adjusting subunit and the fourth plane
  • the reflector unit 602b is connected, and the first adjustment subunit is configured to enable the fourth antenna body 601b to receive in parallel by adjusting the position of the fourth planar reflector 602b when the fourth antenna body 601b is fixed.
  • the fourth beam 6011b reflected by the fourth planar reflecting plate 602b.
  • the angle of the first adjusting subunit adjusting the fourth beam 6011b and the fourth planar reflecting plate 602b may be referred to by a corresponding mirror antenna.
  • the relative position of the beam set of the planar reflector and the antenna body is adjusted by the adjusting unit, so that the beam in the array antenna can be transmitted in any direction. Or receiving, any adjustment of the angle of the beam in the array antenna is achieved.
  • the array antenna can be divided into an antenna that generates only a single beam with grating lobes and an antenna that can generate both a single beam and multiple beams.
  • the above two types of array antennas have different physical structures.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an array antenna configuration method, where the antenna configuration method is applied to a multi-beam antenna, including:
  • the relative position of the plane reflector and the beam set of the multi-beam antenna is adjusted to be received or received; the number of the plane reflectors is greater than or equal to the number of beams of the antenna body.
  • the beam set of the multi-beam antenna can be transmitted or received in parallel through the reflection of the planar reflector, and the array antenna is realized. Each beam is transmitted or received in parallel.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides another method for configuring an array antenna, where the antenna configuration method is applied to a single beam antenna having a grating lobe, including:
  • the number of the planar reflectors is greater than or equal to the number of beams of the antenna body.
  • the relative position of the beam reflector of the single-beam antenna with the grating lobe is adjusted, so that the beam set of the single-beam antenna with the grating lobe can be transmitted through the reflection of the planar reflector. Or receiving, implementing individual beams of the array antenna Parallel transmission or reception.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a communication system, including: at least one array antenna, the array antenna includes: an antenna body, a plane reflector, and an adjustment unit, wherein the antenna body is a multi-beam antenna, a single-beam antenna without a grating lobe, and Any one of a single beam antenna having a grating flap, the antenna body transmitting or receiving a beam set centering on the antenna body, the beam set including at least one beam; the planar reflector for reflecting the antenna The beam set is transmitted or received by the body; the adjusting unit is connected to at least one of the antenna body and the planar reflector for adjusting a relative position of the beam set of the planar reflector and the antenna body And enabling the beam set of the antenna body to be transmitted or received in any direction
  • the adjusting unit in the array antenna of the communication system is connected to at least one of the antenna body and the planar reflector, the relative position of the beam set of the planar reflector and the antenna body can be adjusted.
  • the beam in the array antenna can be transmitted or received in any direction, which realizes the arbitrary adjustment of the angle of the beam in the array antenna.
  • the communication system may include: a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna.
  • the beam configurations of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are generally the same, that is, the number of beams received by the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is equal, but in practical applications, only the number of beams of the receiving antenna needs to be larger than that of the transmitting antenna. The number of beams is sufficient.
  • the antenna body of the transmitting antenna is a single beam array antenna with grating lobes
  • the number of beams of the receiving antenna can be smaller than that of the transmitting antenna. Number of antenna beams.
  • the type of the receiving antenna may be the same as that of the transmitting antenna, or Different from the transmitting antenna, for example, the communication system shown in FIG. 5, the communication system includes a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, the transmitting antenna of the communication system is a multi-beam antenna, and the multi-beam antenna includes an antenna body 501, a planar reflector 502 and a first adjustment subunit (not shown in FIG. 5); the first adjustment subunit is coupled to the antenna body 501, and the first adjustment subunit is configured to be fixed at the planar reflector 502
  • the three beams of the antenna body 501 can be transmitted in parallel through the reflection of the planar reflector 502 by adjusting the positions of the three beams of the antenna body 501.
  • the first adjusting sub-unit can also be used to adjust the positions of the three beams of the antenna body 501, and the three beams of the antenna body 501 are reflected by the plane reflecting plate 502 and sent to different areas, so that they are different.
  • the antenna m, the antenna n, and the antenna w at the position can respectively receive the three beams reflected by the plane reflector.
  • the antenna m, the antenna n, and the antenna w may be a multi-beam antenna, a single-beam antenna, or an antenna of the same type as the transmitting antenna.
  • the antenna m is configured as a multi-beam antenna
  • the The antenna n is set as a single beam antenna
  • the antenna w is set to an array antenna 501 of the same type as the transmitting antenna.
  • the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are both the array antennas.
  • the configuration of each array antenna in the communication system may refer to FIG. 2 or FIG. 6 in the embodiment of the present invention. Explain, here is not detailed.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an array antenna, a configuration manner, and a communication system.
  • the array antenna of the communication system includes an antenna body, a plane reflector, and an adjustment unit.
  • the adjusting unit can adjust the relative positions of the beam sets of the planar reflector and the antenna body, so that the beams in the array antenna can be transmitted or received in any direction, thereby realizing any adjustment of the angle of the beam in the array antenna.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种阵列天线、配置方法及通信***,涉及通信领域,能够实现阵列天线中波束的角度的任意调节。该阵列天线包括:天线本体,该天线本体为多波束天线、无栅瓣的单波束天线和有栅瓣的单波束天线中的任意一种,该天线本体以该天线本体为中心发射或接收波束集,该波束集包括至少一条波束;平面反射板,用于反射该天线本体发射或接收的该波束集;调节单元,该调节单元与该天线本体和该平面反射板中的至少一个连接,用于调节该平面反射板与该天线本体的波束集的相对位置,使该天线本体的波束集能够通过该平面反射板的反射后沿任意方向发射或接收。该阵列天线、配置方法及通信***用于阵列天线的通信。

Description

一种阵列天线、 配置方法及通信***
技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域, 尤其涉及一种阵列天线、 配置方法及通 信***。
背景技术
阵列天线是由两个或两个以上的单个天线按照一定的空间排列 组成的天线。 阵列天线包括: 多波束天线、 无栅瓣的单波束天线和 有栅瓣的单波束天线。 其中, 所述多波束天线是利用移相控制在阵 列天线上人为产生多个期望波束指向的天线, 所述有栅瓣的单波束 天线的栅瓣为在阵列天线上产生可调单波束时, 由于物理参数的限 制在其他方向上生成镜像波束, 该栅瓣会在非期望方向上泄露能量。
现有技术中, 由于阵列天线的波束都是以天线为中心发射或接 收的, 因此阵列天线的波束发射的角度受到该阵列天线自身结构的 限制, 阵列天线中波束的角度无法任意调节。
发明内容
本发明的实施例提供一种阵列天线、 配置方法及通信***, 能 够实现阵列天线中波束的角度的任意调节。
为达到上述目 的, 本发明的实施例釆用如下技术方案:
一方面, 提供一种阵列天线, 包括:
天线本体, 所述天线本体为多波束天线、 无栅瓣的单波束天线 和有栅瓣的单波束天线中的任意一种, 所述天线本体以所述天线本 体为中心发射或接收波束集, 所述波束集包括至少一条波束。
平面反射板,用于反射所述天线本体发射或接收的所述波束集。 调节单元, 所述调节单元与所述天线本体和所述平面反射板中 的至少一个连接, 用于调节所述平面反射板与所述天线本体的波束 集的相对位置, 使所述天线本体的波束集能够通过所述平面反射板 的反射后沿任意方向发射或接收。
所述调节单元用于调节所述平面反射板与所述天线本体的波束 集的相对位置, 使所述天线本体的波束集能够通过所述平面反射板 的反射后平行发射或接收。
所述调节单元包括第一调节子单元, 所述第一调节子单元与所 述天线本体连接, 所述第一调节子单元用于在所述平面反射板位置 固定时, 通过调节所述阵列天线本体的波束集的位置, 使所述天线 所述调节单元包括第二调节子单元, 所述第二调节子单元与所 述平面反射板连接, 所述第二调节子单元用于在所述天线本***置 固定时, 通过调节所述平面反射板的位置, 使所述天线本体的波束 所述调节单元包括第三调节子单元, 所述第三调节子单元与所 述平面反射板及所述天线本体同时连接, 所述第三调节单元用于在 所述天线本体的波束集中波束数量或位置改变时, 通过调节所述平 面反射板的位置, 使所述天线本体的波束集能够通过所述平面反射 板的反射后平行发射或接收。
所述第二调节子单元为铰链、 合页和电动马达中的任意一种。 当所述天线本体为所述多波束天线时, 所述平面反射板的个数 大于等于所述天线本体的波束个数。
当所述天线本体为所述有栅瓣的单波束天线时, 所述平面反射 板的个数大于等于所述天线本体中的所述栅瓣个数与所述单波束之 和。
一方面, 提供一种阵列天线配置方法, 所述天线配置方法应用 于多波束天线, 包括: 调节平面反射板与所述多波束天线的波束集 的相对位置, 使所述多波束天线的波束集能够通过所述平面反射板 的反射后平行发射或接收; 所述平面反射板的个数大于等于所述天 线本体的波束个数。
一方面, 提供另一种阵列天线配置方法, 所述天线配置方法应 用于有栅瓣的单波束天线, 包括: 调节平面反射板与所述有栅瓣的 单波束天线的波束集的相对位置, 使所述有栅瓣的单波束天线的波 反射板的个数大于等于所述天线本体的波束个数。
一方面, 提供一种通信***, 包括:
至少一个阵列天线, 所述阵列天线包括: 天线本体、 平面反射 板及调节单元。 所述天线本体为多波束天线、 无栅瓣的单波束天线 和有栅瓣的单波束天线中的任意一种, 所述天线本体以所述天线本 体为中心发射或接收波束集, 所述波束集包括至少一条波束; 所述 平面反射板用于反射所述天线本体发射或接收的所述波束集; 所述 调节单元与所述天线本体和所述平面反射板中的至少一个连接, 用 于调节所述平面反射板与所述天线本体的波束集的相对位置, 使所 述天线本体的波束集能够通过所述平面反射板的反射后沿任意方向 发射或接收。
所述通信***还包括: 发送天线和接收天线, 所述发送天线和 接收天线均为所述阵列天线。
本发明实施例提供一种阵列天线、 配置方法及通信***, 所述 阵列天线包括: 天线本体, 该天线本体为多波束天线、 无栅瓣的单 波束天线和有栅瓣的单波束天线中的任意一种, 该天线本体以该天 线本体为中心发射或接收波束集, 该波束集包括至少一条波束; 平 面反射板, 用于反射该天线本体发射或接收的该波束集; 调节单元, 该调节单元与该天线本体和该平面反射板中的至少一个连接, 用于 调节该平面反射板与该天线本体的波束集的相对位置, 使该天线本 体的波束集能够通过该平面反射板的反射后沿任意方向发射或接 收。 这样一来, 通过调节单元调节所述平面反射板和所述天线本体 的波束集的相对位置, 使得阵列天线中的波束能够沿任意方向发射 或接收, 实现了阵列天线中波束的角度的任意调节。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案, 下 面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于 本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下, 还可以 根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1 为本发明实施例提供的一种阵列天线结构示意图;
图 2为本发明实施例提供的一种通信***结构示意图;
图 3为本发明实施例图 2 提供的阵列天线结构的部分示意图; 图 4为本发明实施例提供的另一种阵列天线结构示意图; 图 5为本发明实施例提供的另一种通信***结构示意图; 图 6为本发明实施例提供的再一种通信***结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术 方案进行清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明 一部分实施例, 而不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本 领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他 实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供一种阵列天线 10 , 如图 1 所示, 包括: 天线本体 101 , 所述天线本体 101 为多波束天线、 无栅瓣的单 波束天线和有栅瓣的单波束天线中的任意一种, 所述天线本体 101 以所述天线本体 101 为中心发射或接收波束集, 所述波束集包括至 少一条波束。
平面反射板 102 , 用于反射所述天线本体 101 发射或接收的所 述波束集。 所述平面反射板 102可以为一个或多个。
调节单元 103 , 所述调节单元 103 与所述天线本体 101 和所述 平面反射板 102 中的至少一个连接, 用于调节所述平面反射板 102 与所述天线本体 101 的波束集的相对位置, 使所述天线本体 101 的 波束集能够通过所述平面反射板 102 的反射后沿任意方向发射或接 收。
这样一来, 通过调节单元调节所述平面反射板和所述天线本体 的波束集的相对位置, 使得阵列天线中的波束能够沿任意方向发射 或接收, 实现了阵列天线中波束的角度的任意调节。 制, 在实际应用中, 平面反射板上靠近所述天线本体一侧的反射面 可以覆盖一层铝或铜等电磁损耗性能较小的材质, 使得每个反射面 平坦光滑, 没有突起或凹坑。
特别的, 所述调节单元用于调节所述平面反射板与所述天线本 体的波束集的相对位置, 使所述天线本体的波束集能够通过所述平 面反射板的反射后平行发射或接收。
现有技术中, 需要中继节点来进行两个多波束天线间的波束对 接, 以实现多波束天线的点对点通信, 本发明实施例中, 在天线本 体为多波束天线时, 通过调节单元调节所述平面反射板和所述天线 本体的波束集的相对位置, 使得阵列天线中多个不同指向的波束同 时直接由发送端发送至同一接收端, 实现了阵列天线的各个波束平 行发射或接收, 无需中继节点来进行两个多波束天线间的波束对接, 因此能够实现多波束天线点对点的直接通信。 在天线本体为有栅瓣 的单波束天线时, 通过调节单元调节所述平面反射板和所述天线本 体的波束集的相对位置, 使得阵列天线中多个不同指向的波束同时 直接由发送端发送至同一接收端, 实现了有栅瓣的单波束天线的各 个栅瓣与可调单波束沿同一方向发送或接收, 避免了能量在非期望 方向上的泄露, 从而减少栅瓣辐射带来的能量损失。
具体的, 所述调节单元可以包括第一调节子单元, 所述第一调 节子单元与所述天线本体连接, 所述第一调节子单元用于在所述平 面反射板位置固定时, 通过调节所述阵列天线本体的波束集的位置, 射或接收。 特别的, 在实际应用中, 对所述波束集的位置的调节可 以人工完成。
所述调节单元还可以包括第二调节子单元, 所述第二调节子单 元与所述平面反射板连接, 所述第二调节子单元用于在所述天线本 ***置固定时, 通过调节所述平面反射板的位置, 使所述天线本体 第二调节子单元为铰链、 合页和电动马达中的任意一种, 在实际应 用中, 该第二调节子单元为一个或多个, 当第二调节子单元为铰链 或合页时, 可以在每个相邻的平面反射板之间设置铰链或合页来调 节平面反射板的角度, 从而调节所述平面反射板的位置, 当第二调 节子单元为电动马达时, 所述电动马达可以分别和每个平面反射板 连接, 带动所述每个平面反射板的位置改变。
所述调节单元包括第三调节子单元, 所述第三调节子单元与所 述平面反射板及所述天线本体同时连接, 所述第三调节子单元用于 在所述天线本体的波束集中波束数量或位置改变时, 通过调节所述 平面反射板的位置, 使所述天线本体的波束集能够通过所述平面反 射板的反射后平行发射或接收。 特别的, 所述第三调节子单元可以 对所述天线本体的波束集中波束数量或位置进行调节。
需要说明的是, 当所述天线本体为多波束天线时, 所述平面反 射板的个数大于等于所述天线本体的波束个数; 当所述天线本体为 无栅瓣的单波束天线时, 对平面反射板的数量没有要求; 当所述天 线本体为所述有栅瓣的单波束阵列天线时, 所述平面反射板的个数 大于等于所述天线本体中的所述栅瓣个数与所述单波束之和。
示例的, 如图 2 所示, 在一个通信***中, 存在发送天线 20a 和接收天线 20b ,所述发送天线 20a和接收天线 20b均为本发明实施 例提供的阵列天线。 所述发送天线 20a包括: 第一天线本体 201 a , 所述第一天线本体 201 a是具有两个波束的天线, 所述第一天线本体 201 a以所述第一天线本体 201 a为中心向外发射第一波束集 201 1 a , 所述第一波束集 201 1 a 包括两条波束; 第一平面反射板 202a , 用于 反射所述第一天线本体 201 a发射的第一波束集 201 1 a; 第一调节单 元 ( 图 2 未标示), 所述第一调节单元与所述第一天线本体 201 a和 所述第一平面反射板 202a中的至少一个连接, 用于调节所述第一平 面反射板 202a与所述第一天线本体 201 a的第一波束集 201 1 a的相 对位置, 使所述第一天线本体 201 a的所述第一波束集 201 1 a能够通 过所述第一平面反射板 202a的反射后平行发射。 所述第一调节单元 可以为第一调节子单元、 第二调节子单元或第三调节子单元。 通过 调节第一平面反射板 202a 至如图 2 所示的位置, 使得第一波束集 2011a中的波束 X和 Y可以沿同一方向平行射出。 所述第一平面反 射板 202a 的个数可以大于等于第一天线本体 201a 的第一波束集 2011a的个数, 在本实施例中, 第一平面反射板 202a的个数等于第 一天线本体 201a的第一波束集 2011a的个数。
所述接收天线 20b 包括: 第二天线本体 201b, 所述第二天线本 体 201b接收两个波束, 所述第二天线本体 201b 以所述第二天线本 体 201b为中心接收第二波束集 2011b, 所述第二波束集 201 lb 包括 两条波束; 第二平面反射板 202b, 用于反射所述第二天线本体 201b 接收的第二波束集 2011b; 第二调节单元 ( 图 2未标示), 所述第二 调节单元与所述第二天线本体 201b和所述第二平面反射板 202b 中 的至少一个连接, 用于调节所述第二平面反射板 202b与所述第二天 线本体 201b的第二波束集 2011b的相对位置, 使所述第二天线本体 201b 的所述第二波束集 2011b 能够通过所述第二平面反射板 202b 的反射后平行发射。 所述第二调节单元可以为第一调节子单元、 第 二调节子单元或第三调节子单元。 通过调节第二平面反射板 202b至 如图 2 所示的位置, 使得第二波束集 2011b接收沿同一方向平行发 送来的波束 W和 Z。所述第二平面反射板 202b的个数可以大于等于 第二天线本体 201b的第二波束集 2011b的个数, 在本实施例中, 所 述第二平面反射板 202b 的个数等于第二天线本体 201b 的第二波束 2011b的个数。 特别的, 在该通信***中, 波束 X和波束 W可以为 同一束波束, 波束 Y和波束 Z可以为同一束波束。
具体的, 以波束 X为例, 当发送天线 20a的波束 X从第一天线 本体 201a射出, 经过第一平面反射板 202a反射沿图 2所示 h方向 射向接收天线 20b, 接收天线 20b 的第二天线本体 201b可以沿图 2 所示 h方向接收该波束 X ,该波束 X经第二平面反射板 202b反射后 以波束 W的形式发送至第二天线本体 201b, 第二天线本体 201b对 该波束 W进行相应的接收。
特别的,为了保证使天线本体的所有波束沿同一方向平行射出, 或天线本体接收沿同一方向平行发送的所有波束, 如图 3 所示, 图 3 为图 2 中发送天线 20a的部分示意图, 所述第一平面反射板 202a 与所述第一波束 201 1 a 存在角度"满足 0 ° < "< 180 ° , 所述波束 X 与第一天线本体 201 a 的法线方向存在角度 满足 2"+ = 18()° , 使经 第一平面反射板 202a 反射后的波束沿平行所述第一天线本体 201 a 的法线方向射出。 图 2 中的波束 Y、 波束 W和波束 Ζ与天线本体的 角度关系可以参照图 3 中的解释, 本发明对此不再赘述。
进一步的, 图 4 中天线本体 401 为 3 波束的阵列天线, 平面反 射板 402共 4个, 第三调节单元 ( 图 4未标示), 所述第三调节单元 与所述天线本体 401 和所述平面反射板 402 中的至少一个连接, 用 于调节所述平面反射板 402与所述天线本体 401 的 3 个波束的相对 位置, 使所述天线本体 401 的所述 3 个波束能够通过所述平面反射 板 402 的反射后平行发射。 所述第三调节单元可以为第一调节子单 元、 第二调节子单元或第三调节子单元。 该实施例中, 所述平面反 射板 402分另 为 402a , 402b , 402c和 402d , 天线本体 401发射波 束 0 , 波束 P和波束 Q , 波束 0经平面反射板 402a反射, 波束 P经 平面反射板 402b反射, 波束 Q经平面反射板 402c反射, 经反射后 的波束 0 , 波束 P和波束 Q平行且沿同一方向射出, 在该阵列天线 40 中平面反射板 402d未使用, 若天线本体 401 为 4 波束天线, 则 平面反射板 402d可以相应的使用。 需要说明的是, 在实际应用中, 阵列天线的波束个数和平面反射板的个数可以根据具体情况进行相 应的调整, 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范 围内, 可轻易想到变化或替换, 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内, 本发明对此不再赘述。
现有技术中, 由于多波束天线中不同指向的波束都是以天线为 中心向外发射的, 多个不同指向的波束无法实现平行发射或接收, 而本发明实施例提供的阵列天线, 通过调节单元对波束集和平面反 射板相对位置的调节, 可以使天线本体的所有波束沿同一方向平行 射出, 或天线本体接收沿同一方向平行发送的所有波束, 这样一来, 在图 2 所示的通信***中, 发送天线和接收天线的相应波束可以进 行对准, 建立直接的波束通道, 因此可以实现多波束天线点对点的 直接通信, 同 时实现 LOS-MIMO(Line of Sight -Multiple Input Multiple Output , 通信视距多 入多 出)的分集和复用 , 其中 , LOS-MIMO的复用是指在 MIMO的多个发送通道上使用相同频率发 射不同 内容的信号, 可以提高频谱利用率, 提升通信***容量。 LOS-MIMO的分集是指在 MIMO的多个发送通道上发射相同内容的 信号, 分集既可以在相同的传输距离下提高链路可靠性, 也可以在 不降低可靠性的条件下增大链路传输距离。
特别的, 当所述天线本体为多波束天线时, 也可以实现点对多 点的通信, 如图 5所示, 平面反射板 502的数量与波束集 501 1 的个 数没有限制关系, 同一时刻可以有多个平面反射板 502 工作, 示例 的, 所述阵列天线可以包括: 天线本体 501 , 所述天线本体 501 以 所述天线本体 501 为中心发射 3 个波束; 平面反射板 502 , 用于反 射所述天线本体 501 发射的 3个波束; 第一调节子单元 ( 图 5 未标 示), 所述第一调节子单元与所述天线本体 501连接, 所述第一调节 子单元用于在所述平面反射板 502 位置固定时, 通过调节所述天线 本体 501 的 3个波束的位置, 使所述天线本体 501 的 3个波束能够 通过所述平面反射板 502 的反射后平行发射。 如图 5 所示, 阵列天 线 501 的 3个波束经过平面反射板 502的反射后, 将该 3个不同的 波束发射至处于不同位置的天线 m、 天线 n和天线 w , 实现了多波 束点对多点的通信。 特别的, 该 3 个波束可以携带相同的信息至天 线 m、 天线 n和天线 w , 实现广播通信, 也可各自携带不同的信息 至天线 m、 天线 n和天线 w , 实现点对多点的独立通信。 需要说明 的是, 本发明实施例对所述天线 m、 天线 n和天线 w的天线类型不 做限制, 所述天线 m、 天线 n和天线 w可以为多波束天线、 单波束 天线或与发送天线相同类型的天线等, 示例的, 本发明实施例将所 述天线 m设置为多波束天线, 将所述天线 n设置为单波束天线, 将 所述天线 w设置为与发送天线相同类型的天线即阵列天线 501。 示例的, 当所述天线本体为有栅瓣的单波束天线时, 该阵列天 线的配置方式可以参考图 2 , 所述平面反射板的个数大于等于所述 天线本体中的所述栅瓣个数与所述单波束之和, 由于带有栅瓣的单 波束天线中单波束的个数为 1 , 因此所述平面反射板的个数大于等 于所述天线本体中的所述栅瓣个数加 1 , 需要说明的是, 带有栅瓣 的单波束天线中的单波束也称主波束。 在本实施例中, 调节单元为 第二调节子单元( 图 2 中未标示), 所述第二调节子单元与所述平面 反射板连接, 所述第二调节子单元用于在所述天线本***置固定时, 通过调节所述平面反射板的位置, 使所述天线本体的波束集能够通 过所述平面反射板的反射后平行发射或接收。 由于带有栅瓣的单波 束天线 中 各波束携 带的信号 内 容是相 同 的 , 因 此可以 实现 LO S-MIMO 点对点的分集传输。 本实施例中带有栅瓣的单波束天线 中各波束指的是栅瓣与单波束组成的多波束。 该有栅瓣的单波束天 线中平面反射板的调节可以釆用相应的镜像天线作为参照系, 如图 2所示, 第一天线 201 c和第二天线 201 d为第一天线本体 201 a以第 一平面反射板 202a为镜像面生成的镜像天线, 第三天线 201 e和第 四天线 201 f为第二天线本体 201 b以第二平面反射板 202b生成的镜 像天线, 其中, 镜像天线的个数可以与平面反射板的个数相等, 所 述镜像天线为虚拟天线。 从图 3 可以看出, 第一天线 201 c为第一天 线本体 201 a以第一平面反射板 202a中平面反射板 1为镜像面生成的 镜像天线, 若第一天线 201 c存在实际的波束源, 则该波束源反射的 波束可以沿方向 h直线传播, 因此第一天线 201 c可以看作第一天线 本体 201 a 的等效波束源, 在对平面反射板 位置进行调节时, 将该 第一天线 201 c 作为平面反射板 位置的参照系, 计算得出要调节的 平面反射板与天线本体波束间的角度, 可以使得调节过程更为简单, 方便。 同理, 图 2 中其他平面反射板的调节也可以釆用相应的镜像 天线作为参照系, 本发明对此不再赘述。
特别的, 所述通信***中的发送天线和接收天线可以为单波束 天线, 如图 6 所示, 该通信***中, 存在发送天线 60a和接收天线 60b, 所述发送天线 60a和接收天线 60b均为本发明实施例提供的阵 列天线。 所述发送天线 60a包括: 第三天线本体 601a, 所述第三天 线本体 601a 是无栅瓣的单个波束的天线, 所述第三天线本体 601a 以所述第三天线本体 601a为中心向外发射第三波束 6011a; 第三平 面反射板 602a, 用于反射所述第三天线本体 601a 发射的波束 6011a ; 第一调节子单元 ( 图 6中未标示;), 所述第一调节子单元与 所述第三平面反射板 602a连接, 所述第一调节子单元用于在所述第 三天线本体 601a 位置固定时, 通过调节所述第三平面反射板 602a 的位置, 使所述第三天线本体 601a的波束能够通过所述第三平面反 射板 602a 的反射后平行发射。 所述第一调节子单元调节第三波束 6011a 与第三平面反射板 602a 角度可以以相应的镜像天线为参照 系。其中,发送天线 60a中的第三平面反射板 602a的个数不受限制, 所述第一调节子单元对第三平面反射板 602a的位置调节需要保证第 三天线本体 601a发射与第三平面反射板 602a之间不受其他遮挡物 的遮挡, 同时, 第三平面反射板 602a对第三波束 6011a角度的调节 可以以相应的镜像天线 601 c为参照系。
所述接收天线 60b 包括: 第四天线本体 601b, 所述第四天线本 体 601b是无栅瓣单个波束的天线, 所述第四天线本体 601b 以所述 第四天线本体 601b 为中心接收第四波束 6011b; 第四平面反射板 602b, 用于反射所述第四天线本体 601b 接收的波束 6011b ; 第一 调节子单元( 图 6 中未标示), 所述第一调节子单元与所述第四平面 反射板 602b 连接, 所述第一调节子单元用于在所述第四天线本体 601b 位置固定时, 通过调节所述第四平面反射板 602b 的位置, 使 所述第四天线本体 601b 能够平行接收通过所述第四平面反射板 602b 反射后的第四波束 6011b。 所述第一调节子单元调节第四波束 6011b 与第四平面反射板 602b 角度可以以相应的镜像天线为参照 系。
这样一来, 通过调节单元调节所述平面反射板和所述天线本体 的波束集的相对位置, 使得阵列天线中的波束能够沿任意方向发射 或接收, 实现了阵列天线中波束的角度的任意调节。
实际应用中, 根据产生的波束类型, 所述阵列天线可以分为只 产生有栅瓣的单波束的天线和既能产生单波束又能产生多波束的天 线。 上述两种类型的阵列天线具有不同的物理结构。 通过上述阵列 天线天线的配置方法, 能够实现这两种类型的阵列天线的各个波束 的平行发射或接收。 本发明实施例提供一种阵列天线配置方法, 所述天线配置方法 应用于多波束天线, 包括:
调节平面反射板与所述多波束天线的波束集的相对位置, 使所 或接收; 所述平面反射板的个数大于等于所述天线本体的波束个数。
这样一来, 通过调节平面反射板与所述多波束天线的波束集的 相对位置, 使所述多波束天线的波束集能够通过所述平面反射板的 反射后平行发射或接收, 实现了阵列天线的各个波束平行发射或接 收。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到,为描述的方便和简洁, 此处描述的方法中具体的阵列天线的配置过程及方法, 可以参考前 述阵列天线实施例中的对应过程, 在此不再赘述。 本发明实施例提供另一种阵列天线配置方法, 所述天线配置方 法应用于有栅瓣的单波束天线包括:
调节平面反射板与所述有栅瓣的单波束天线的波束集的相对位 置, 使所述有栅瓣的单波束天线的波束集能够通过所述平面反射板 的反射后平行发射或接收; 所述平面反射板的个数大于等于所述天 线本体的波束个数。
这样一来, 调节平面反射板与所述有栅瓣的单波束天线的波束 集的相对位置, 使所述有栅瓣的单波束天线的波束集能够通过所述 平面反射板的反射后平行发射或接收, 实现了阵列天线的各个波束 平行发射或接收。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到,为描述的方便和简洁, 此处描述的方法中具体的阵列天线的配置过程及方法, 可以参考前 述阵列天线实施例中的对应过程, 在此不再赘述。 本发明实施例提供一种通信***, 包括: 至少一个阵列天线, 所述阵列天线包括: 天线本体、 平面反射板及调节单元, 所述天线 本体为多波束天线、 无栅瓣的单波束天线和有栅瓣的单波束天线中 的任意一种, 所述天线本体以所述天线本体为中心发射或接收波束 集, 所述波束集包括至少一条波束; 所述平面反射板用于反射所述 天线本体发射或接收的所述波束集; 所述调节单元与所述天线本体 和所述平面反射板中的至少一个连接, 用于调节所述平面反射板与 所述天线本体的波束集的相对位置, 使所述天线本体的波束集能够 通过所述平面反射板的反射后沿任意方向发射或接收。 所述通信系 统还包括: 发送天线和接收天线, 所述发送天线和接收天线可以均 为所述阵列天线。
这样一来, 由于该通信***的阵列天线中的调节单元与所述天 线本体和所述平面反射板中的至少一个连接, 可以调节所述平面反 射板与所述天线本体的波束集的相对位置, 使得阵列天线中的波束 能够沿任意方向发射或接收, 实现了阵列天线中波束的角度的任意 调节。
需要说明的是, 所述通信***可以包括: 发送天线和接收天线。 在该通信***中, 发送天线和接收天线的波束配置通常相同, 即发 送天线发送和接收天线接收的波束个数是相等的, 但在实际应用中 只需满足接收天线的波束数大于发送天线的波束数即可。 特别的, 当发送天线的天线主体为带有栅瓣的单波束阵列天线时, 由于带有 栅瓣的单波束阵列天线的波束配置为单波束加栅瓣, 因此接收天线 的波束数可以小于发送天线波束数。
需要说明的是, 接收天线的种类可以和发送天线相同, 也可以 和发送天线不同, 示例的, 如图 5 所示的通信***, 所述通信*** 包括发送天线和接收天线, 所述通信***的发送天线为多波束天线, 所述多波束天线包括天线本体 501、 平面反射板 502 及第一调节子 单元( 图 5未标示); 所述第一调节子单元与所述天线本体 501连接, 所述第一调节子单元用于在所述平面反射板 502 位置固定时, 通过 调节所述天线本体 501 的 3 个波束的位置, 使所述天线本体 501 的 3 个波束能够通过所述平面反射板 502 的反射后平行发射。 所述第 一调节子单元还可用于通过调节所述天线本体 501 的 3 个波束的位 置, 使所述天线本体 501 的 3个波束经过平面反射板 502 的反射后 发送到不同区域, 使得处于不同位置的天线 m、 天线 n和天线 w能 够分别接收到平面反射板反射后的 3 个波束。 所述天线 m、 天线 n 和天线 w可以为多波束天线、 单波束天线或与发送天线相同类型的 天线等, 示例的, 本发明实施例将所述天线 m设置为多波束天线, 将所述天线 n设置为单波束天线, 将所述天线 w设置为与发送天线 相同类型的天线即阵列天线 501。
示例的, 所述发送天线和接收天线均为所述阵列天线, 如图 2 或图 6 所示, 该通信***中各个阵列天线的配置可以参考本发明实 施例中图 2或图 6所对应的解释, 在此不 #丈详述。
本发明实施例提供一种阵列天线、 配置方式及通信***, 该通 信***的阵列天线包括天线本体、 平面反射板及调节单元。 所述调 节单元可以调节所述平面反射板和所述天线本体的波束集的相对位 置, 使得阵列天线中的波束能够沿任意方向发射或接收, 实现了阵 列天线中波束的角度的任意调节。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的具体实施方式, 但本发明的保护范围 并不局限于此, 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技 术范围内, 可轻易想到变化或替换, 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围 之内。 因此, 本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种阵列天线, 其特征在于, 包括:
天线本体, 所述天线本体为多波束天线、 无栅瓣的单波束天线和 有栅瓣的单波束天线中的任意一种, 所述天线本体以所述天线本体为 中心发射或接收波束集, 所述波束集包括至少一条波束;
平面反射板, 用于反射所述天线本体发射或接收的所述波束集; 调节单元,所述调节单元与所述天线本体和所述平面反射板中的 相对位置, 使所述天线本体的波束集能够通过所述平面反射板的反射 后沿任意方向发射或接收。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的阵列天线, 其特征在于, 所述调节单
或接收。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的阵列天线, 其特征在于, 所述调节单 元包括第一调节子单元, 所述第一调节子单元与所述天线本体连接, 所述第一调节子单元用于在所述平面反射板位置固定时, 通过调节所 述阵列天线本体的波束集的位置, 使所述天线本体的波束集能够通过
4、 根据权利要求 2所述的阵列天线, 其特征在于, 所述调节单 元包括第二调节子单元, 所述第二调节子单元与所述平面反射板连 接, 所述第二调节子单元用于在所述天线本***置固定时, 通过调节 所述平面反射板的位置, 使所述天线本体的波束集能够通过所述平面 反射板的反射后平行发射或接收。
5、 根据权利要求 2所述的阵列天线, 其特征在于, 所述调节单 元包括第三调节子单元, 所述第三调节子单元与所述平面反射板及所 述天线本体同时连接, 所述第三调节单元用于在所述天线本体的波束 集中波束数量或位置改变时, 通过调节所述平面反射板的位置, 使所 接收。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的阵列天线, 其特征在于,
所述第二调节子单元为铰链、 合页和电动马达中的任意一种。
7、 根据权利要求 2至 5任意一项权利要求所述的阵列天线, 其 特征在于, 当所述天线本体为所述多波束天线时,
所述平面反射板的个数大于等于所述天线本体的波束个数。
8、 根据权利要求 2至 5任意一项权利要求所述的阵列天线, 其 特征在于, 当所述天线本体为所述有栅瓣的单波束天线时,
所述平面反射板的个数大于等于所述天线本体中的所述栅瓣个 数与所述单波束之和。
9、 一种阵列天线配置方法, 其特征在于, 所述天线配置方法应 用于多波束天线, 包括:
调节平面反射板与所述多波束天线的波束集的相对位置,使所述 接收;
所述平面反射板的个数大于等于所述天线本体的波束个数。
10、 一种阵列天线配置方法, 其特征在于, 所述天线配置方法应 用于有栅瓣的单波束天线, 包括:
调节平面反射板与所述有栅瓣的单波束天线的波束集的相对位 置, 使所述有栅瓣的单波束天线的波束集能够通过所述平面反射板的 反射后平行发射或接收;
所述平面反射板的个数大于等于所述天线本体的波束个数。
1 1、 一种通信***, 其特征在于, 包括:
至少一个阵列天线, 所述阵列天线包括: 天线本体、 平面反射板 及调节单元;
所述天线本体为多波束天线、无栅瓣的单波束天线和有栅瓣的单 波束天线中的任意一种, 所述天线本体以所述天线本体为中心发射或 接收波束集, 所述波束集包括至少一条波束; 所述平面反射板用于反 射所述天线本体发射或接收的所述波束集; 所述调节单元与所述天线 本体和所述平面反射板中的至少一个连接, 用于调节所述平面反射板 与所迷天线本体的波束集的相对位置, 使所述天线本体的波束集能够 通过所述平面反射板的反射后沿任意方向发射或接收。
12、 根据权利要求 11 所述的通信***, 其特征在于, 所述通信 ***还包括: 发送天线和接收天线, 所述发送天线和接收天线均为所 述阵列天线。
PCT/CN2012/085942 2012-12-05 2012-12-05 一种阵列天线、配置方法及通信*** WO2014086002A1 (zh)

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CN113131224B (zh) * 2020-01-16 2022-08-19 华为技术有限公司 天线波束传播方向调节***

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