WO2014075584A1 - 一种大长度超高压交联电缆阻尼振荡波局部放电现场检测方法 - Google Patents

一种大长度超高压交联电缆阻尼振荡波局部放电现场检测方法 Download PDF

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WO2014075584A1
WO2014075584A1 PCT/CN2013/086756 CN2013086756W WO2014075584A1 WO 2014075584 A1 WO2014075584 A1 WO 2014075584A1 CN 2013086756 W CN2013086756 W CN 2013086756W WO 2014075584 A1 WO2014075584 A1 WO 2014075584A1
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voltage
cable
partial discharge
phase
cable line
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PCT/CN2013/086756
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English (en)
French (fr)
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夏荣
赵健康
蒙绍新
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国家电网公司
中国电力科学研究院
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Publication of WO2014075584A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014075584A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • G01R31/14—Circuits therefor, e.g. for generating test voltages, sensing circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/58—Testing of lines, cables or conductors

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of power cable state detection, and relates to a method for detecting partial discharge of a large-length high-voltage and ultra-high-voltage cross-linked cable line, which is applicable to a voltage level of 110 (66) kV ⁇ 500 kV. Background technique
  • cross-linked cable With the continuous transformation of China's urban power grid, XLPE (hereinafter referred to as cross-linked) cable has been widely used as the mainstream product of power cable engineering in urban power transmission and distribution lines.
  • the high-voltage and ultra-high-voltage cross-linked cable lines have become an important part of China's power grid, and the large length (the longest domestic 220kV cable line is 17.77km) and the large section (the conductor core core cross-sectional area is 3000mm 2 ).
  • Partial Discharge (PD) is the main form of early insulation failure of cable lines. It is not only the main cause of insulation aging, but also the main characteristic parameter of insulation condition.
  • the PD live detection/on-line monitoring technology under the operating voltage of high-voltage and ultra-high-voltage cross-linked cables in the power grid is a hot technology focus at home and abroad.
  • the PD trend can be obtained under operating conditions, there are also PD test data.
  • Accurate quantification of IEC standards causes measurement difficulties and quantification criteria to be inconsistent.
  • a single detection voltage is not easy to find insulation defects of a smaller size. It is technically difficult to handle background noise, and the metal sheath of the line is connected to the copper row by cross-transposition interconnection. Prominent problems such as the difficulty in accurately locating the partial discharge signal.
  • the AC voltage method is recommended for on-site diagnostic tests of cross-linked cables, mainly including power frequency voltage, ultra-low frequency voltage and variable frequency voltage test.
  • the voltage frequency of the cross-linked cable in the power grid is the power frequency.
  • the voltage generated by the power frequency voltage test system is ideal from both waveform and frequency.
  • the test requires a large capacity of the test system, resulting in an excessively large volume and weight of the system equipment, which is difficult to implement on site.
  • the validity of the ultra-low frequency voltage test and the power frequency voltage test is still inconclusive, and the upper limit of the output voltage of the test system is low. Currently, it is only applicable to the distribution network cable test.
  • variable frequency voltage test device generates a test voltage close to the power frequency through frequency modulation or modulating resonance, and has the best equivalence with the power frequency voltage.
  • the volume of the power frequency voltage system is reduced and the weight is reduced, but the high voltage and ultra high voltage cable field test
  • the volume and weight of the inverter device are still large, the power supply capacity requirement is high, and it is also limited by the operating site. Inconvenience in running and lifting equipment.
  • the PD is mainly used for off-line single-ended fixed measurement, that is, the test voltage generating device and the PD detecting device are combined into a complete system.
  • the secondary test system is only connected to one end of the cable line, and the voltage excitation and PD signal acquisition are performed at the end position.
  • the results of many scholars in the Netherlands, Japan, Germany and China have shown that the DAC voltage is equivalent to the power frequency sine wave voltage and can be used as the excitation voltage for the PD test.
  • Partial discharge detection of high-voltage cross-linked cable line under DAC voltage has the requirements of IEC standard calibration (detection band is 10kHz ⁇ 500kHz), the discharge level is accurately quantified, the discharge value is pC as the effective unit, and the discharge pulse and voltage phase are clearly correlated, test data The comparability is strong, and it is convenient to unify the evaluation criteria.
  • the DAC voltage generating device is small in size, light in weight, and small in power demand, and is convenient for on-site handling and arrangement.
  • Cable lines have significant distributed characteristics over their length compared to power devices with unitary structural features such as transformers and transformers.
  • the distributed parameter transmission line characteristics of the cross-linked cable line cause its internal PD signal to propagate along the cable, the amplitude of the signal is exponentially attenuated, and the waveform is significantly distorted, no longer having steep rising and falling edges. The longer the line, the attenuation and distortion of the discharge pulse at the discharge source far from the test end is severe.
  • the line length exceeds 3km, the effectiveness and applicability of the off-line single-ended fixed PD detection method based on IEC60270 standard under DAC voltage has been It is difficult to meet the requirements of insulation performance testing and evaluation. It is very difficult to capture the weak PD signal generated by the power supply of several kilometers away by the single-ended fixed PD detection method under the conventional DAC voltage.
  • Chinese invention patent "Detection device and method for partial oscillation and fault location of cable oscillation wave” (application number: 201210205908.7) proposes a device and method for detecting partial discharge and fault location of cable oscillation wave, and the system power control host automatically finds system resonance Frequency, and adjust the output voltage to the initial set test voltage value of the system, the user can carry out the cable withstand voltage test or the damped oscillation wave partial discharge detection test according to the demand, the system passes the collected partial discharge signal of the cable, and analyzes, diagnoses and locates the fault. position.
  • the invention still has the above drawbacks, and it is impossible to solve the detection requirements under a large length.
  • the present invention provides a method for detecting a partial discharge of a damped wave in a large-length ultra-high voltage cross-linked cable to solve the above problem.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the field detection method for the partial discharge of large-length high-voltage and ultra-high-voltage cross-linked cable lines under DAC voltage, and to fill the technical blank of the state detection of large-length high-voltage and ultra-high-voltage cross-linked cable lines in China, and propose a large length.
  • the partial discharge on-site detection method for high-voltage and ultra-high-voltage cross-linked cable lines can detect the PD signals of cables and accessories under the condition that the line length exceeds 3km, and is suitable for voltage levels of 110 (66) kV ⁇ 500kV.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is: a method for detecting a partial discharge of a damped wave in a large-length ultra-high voltage cross-linked cable, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
  • the first step before the test, the three phases of the tested cable lines A, B, and C are separated from the power grid; the second step is to replace the copper in the metal sleeve of the insulated joint of the B, C, and C three-phase cables.
  • the row is changed from cross-connected to split-phase direct connection;
  • the terminal of the tested cable line A on the test site side is connected to the oscillating wave voltage generating device and the voltage divider, and the measured cable line A phase is remotely suspended, and the tested cable line is not on both sides of the test phase. Terminals are relatively shorted;
  • the fourth step is to install a high-frequency pulse current-coupled sensor on the A-phase direct copper busbar in the grounding lead-out line on both sides of the tested cable line A and all the grounding boxes in the grounding box or the cross-connecting box, and connect the signal Output line
  • the fifth step is to inject a calibration signal from the terminal A phase of the cable to be tested using a standard pulse generator; in this step, a portable high frequency partial discharge detector can be used, and the sensor is collected from the near end to the terminal and the connector along the cable line. The output signal is measured and calibrated; or a distributed high-frequency partial discharge monitoring system is adopted, and one pre-stage acquisition unit is installed near each terminal or joint, and the output signal of each sensor is synchronously collected along the cable line for measurement and calibration;
  • the voltage generating device uses a stepped boosting method to output a damped oscillating wave voltage with an attenuation period of 300 mS, the starting voltage is 0.5 times of the rated phase voltage U0 of the cable, and the boosting voltage is 10 kV per stage;
  • the seventh step the pressurization process If the PD signal is detected, the current DAC test voltage is continuously applied for N cycles, N is an integer greater than or equal to 10; if the PD signal is not detected, the step boost is continued until 1.4 U0;
  • the eighth step during the pressurization process, whether using a portable high-frequency PD detector, collecting the output PD pulse current signal of the sensor from the near end and the connector along the cable line, or adopting distributed
  • the high-frequency partial discharge monitoring system synchronously collects the output pulse current signal of each sensor along the cable line, and simultaneously uses the oscilloscope to simultaneously collect the output test voltage small signal of the voltage divider;
  • the discharge pulse current signals collected by each sensor are subjected to frequency domain integration processing, the PD magnitude is calculated, and the PD characteristic statistical distribution spectrum is plotted;
  • steps 3 to 9 are repeated on the B-phase and C-phase cables of the cable to be tested.
  • the above-mentioned large-length ultra-high voltage cross-linked cable damped wave partial discharge field detection method is characterized in that: the damped oscillating wave voltage with a decay period of 300 mS is used instead of the power frequency sine wave voltage as the excitation voltage for the partial discharge test of the cable line. .
  • the above-mentioned method for detecting the partial discharge of the oscillating wave partial discharge of the large-length ultrahigh-voltage cross-linked cable is characterized in that: the PD value is calculated by the pulse current frequency domain integration method, and the frequency domain range is from 10 kHz to 500 kHz, and pC is a unit of measurement.
  • the method for detecting the partial discharge of the oscillating wave of the large-length ultra-high voltage cross-linked cable as described above is characterized in that: the characteristic distribution spectrum of the PD characteristic adopts three parameters of the PD quantity, the number of pulses and the test voltage phase in N periods. draw.
  • the method for detecting the partial discharge of the oscillating wave of the large-length ultrahigh-voltage cross-linked cable as described above is characterized in that: the value of N is 20.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the invention can overcome the deficiencies of the field detection method for the partial discharge of the large-length high-voltage and ultra-high-voltage cross-linked cable lines under the DAC voltage, and fill the technical blank for the state detection of the large-length high-voltage and ultra-high-voltage cross-linked cable lines in China.
  • the PD signal of the cable and accessories can be detected under the condition that the line length exceeds 3km, and it is suitable for 110 (66) kV ⁇ 500kV voltage level.
  • This method can provide technical support for the diagnosis of high-voltage and ultra-high-voltage cross-linked cable line defects and cable insulation health assessment, further enrich and improve the cable operation and maintenance unit cable state detection means, and provide strong protection for improving the reliability of cable line operation.
  • 1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting partial discharge of a large-length ultra-high voltage cross-linked cable line according to the present invention.
  • 2 is a schematic view showing a partial discharge charging detection method for a large-length ultrahigh-voltage cross-linked cable line under damped oscillating wave voltage according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a partial discharge distribution of a large-length ultra-high voltage cross-linked cable line under the oscillating oscillating wave voltage of the present invention Schematic diagram of the monitoring method. detailed description
  • 1-DC excitation oscillating voltage generator 2-resistive-capacity voltage divider, 3-cable line terminal, 4-terminal grounding wire, 5-cable line intermediate connector, 6-connector phase separation Straight copper busbar, 7- cable line cable body, 8-high frequency pulse current coupling sensor, 9-portable high frequency PD detector, 10- oscilloscope, 11-distributed high frequency PD monitor system (including pre-stage acquisition) unit).
  • the first step Before the test, the tested cable lines, B, C three phases are separated from the grid.
  • the second step A, B, C three-phase cable insulation joints in the metal sleeve cross-connected box inside the swap copper row from cross-connected way to split-phase direct connection.
  • the third step the cable line to be tested is located at the end of the test site (near end).
  • the conductor lead-out rod is connected to the high-voltage lead of the DC-excited oscillating voltage generating device and the voltage divider, and the distal conductor lead-out rod is suspended. Terminals on both sides of the non-test phase are shorted to ground with metal leads.
  • Step 4 Install a high-frequency pulse current-coupled sensor on the A-phase direct-connected copper busbar on the terminal grounding lead-out line on both sides of the A-phase cable and all the grounding boxes or cross-connecting boxes at the joint, and connect the signal output line.
  • Step 5 Before the boost, the calibration signal is injected from the Phase A terminal using a standard pulse generator.
  • Test equipment conditions General cable operation and maintenance unit, it is recommended to use portable high-frequency partial discharge detector, from the near end of the cable line to the terminal and the output signal of the joint acquisition sensor for measurement and calibration; test equipment with good condition, cable operation and maintenance unit, It is recommended to use a distributed high-frequency PD monitor system.
  • Each terminal or connector is installed with a pre-stage acquisition unit nearby, and the output signal of each sensor is synchronously collected along the cable line for measurement and calibration.
  • the sixth step the voltage generating device adopts a step-up boosting method to output a damped oscillating wave voltage with an attenuation period of 300 mS, the starting voltage is 0.5 times of the rated phase voltage U Q of the cable, and the boosting voltage is 10 kV per stage until PD Starting voltage (PDIV) or 1.4U 0 .
  • PDIV PD Starting voltage
  • Step 7 During the pressurization process, if the PD signal is detected, the current DAC test voltage is continuously applied for 20 cycles; if the PD signal is not detected, the step boost is continued until 1.4 U Q .
  • the eighth step During the pressurization process, whether using the portable high-frequency PD detector, the output PD pulse current signal of the sensor is collected from the near end and the connector along the cable line, or the distributed high-frequency PD monitor system is adopted. Simultaneously collect the output pulse current signal of each sensor along the cable line, and simultaneously use the oscilloscope to simultaneously collect the output test voltage small signal of the voltage divider.
  • the ninth step After the end of the 20 voltage cycles, the discharge pulse current signal collected by each sensor is subjected to frequency domain integration processing to calculate the PD value.
  • the discharge statistical distribution spectrum was drawn by taking three parameters of PD value, number of pulses and phase of test voltage in 20 cycles.
  • Step 10 Repeat steps 3 through 9 on the Phase B and Phase C cables, respectively.
  • the parameters of 20 cycles are continuously taken.
  • the number of cycles of continuous pressurization can be flexibly adjusted, and generally 10 or more cycles should be taken.
  • the method for detecting partial discharge of large-length high-voltage and ultra-high-voltage cross-linked cable lines has the main difference from the prior art: the use of a damped oscillating wave voltage with an attenuation period of 300 mS instead of the power frequency sine wave voltage as a potential in the cable line
  • the excitation voltage for the partial discharge test of the insulation defect is changed from the off-line single-ended fixed measurement to the live detection or distributed monitoring along the line intermediate joint; on the signal pick-up, the cable metal sleeve is used on the lead-out line
  • the card is equipped with a high-frequency pulse current-coupled sensor to replace the coupling capacitor and the detection impedance in parallel with the cable terminal.
  • the PD value is calculated by the pulse current frequency domain integration method, and the frequency domain range is from 10 kHz to 500 kHz, and the measurement unit is pC.
  • the PD characteristic statistical distribution spectrum is drawn by using three parameters of PD quantity, number of pulses and test voltage phase in 20 cycles. The contents not described in detail in the present specification belong to the prior art well known to those skilled in the art.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种大长度超高压交联电缆阻尼振荡波局部放电现场检测方法，该方法用衰减周期为300mS的阻尼振荡波电压代替工频正弦波电压作为电缆线路中潜在绝缘缺陷的局部放电测试用激励电压；加压过程中局放检测方式由离线单端固定测量改为沿线路中间接头的带电检测或分布式监测；信号拾取上，采用在电缆金属套引出线上卡装高频脉冲电流耦合传感器来取代与电缆终端并联的耦合电容器及检测阻抗；数据处理方面，PD量值采用脉冲电流频域积分方法计算。采用该方法可为高压、超高压交联电缆线路缺陷诊断、电缆绝缘健康状况评估提供技术支撑，进一步丰富、完善电缆运维单位电缆状态检测手段，为提升电缆线路运行可靠性提供有力保障。

Description

一种大长度超高压交联电缆阻尼振荡波局部放电现场检测方法 技术领域
本发明属于电力电缆状态检测技术领域，涉及一种大长度高压、超高压交联 电缆线路局部放电现场检测方法， 适用于 110 (66) kV~500 kV电压等级。 背景技术
随着我国城市电网的不断改造， 交联聚乙烯 （XLPE, 以下简称交联） 电缆 作为电力电缆工程的主流产品已经广泛应用于城市电网输配电线路中。 近十年 来， 交联电缆的敷设回路长度以超过 15%的年平均增长率稳步增长。高压、超高 压交联电缆线路已成为我国电网的重要组成部分， 且大长度 （国内最长 220kV 电缆线路为 17.77km)、 大截面 (导体线芯横截面积最大为 3000mm2)。 研究发现， 局部放电 （Partial Discharge, 以下简称 PD) 作为电缆线路绝缘故障早期的主要 表现形式， 既是引起绝缘老化的主要原因， 又是表征绝缘状况的主要特征参量。
电网中高压、超高压交联电缆运行电压下采用 PD带电检测 /在线监测技术是 国内外密切关注的技术热点， 虽能在运行工况下获取线路 PD变化趋势， 但也存 在 PD测试数据未依据 IEC标准精确量化引起计量困难和量化判据不统一，单一 的检测电压不易发现更微小尺寸的绝缘缺陷， 对背景噪声处理有较大技术难度， 线路金属护套连接铜排交叉换位互联导致的局部放电信号分相精确定位困难等 突出问题。
交联电缆现场诊断性试验中推荐采用交流电压方式， 主要有工频电压、超低 频电压与变频电压试验。 电网中交联电缆运行时电压频率就是工频， 工频电压试 验***产生的电压从波形和频率上都是理想的， 但由于交联电缆自身电容量较 大， 特别是高压、 超高压电缆现场试验， 要求试验***容量大， 导致***设备体 积和重量过大，难于运行现场实施。超低频电压试验与工频电压试验的有效性还 尚无定论， 且试验***输出电压上限值较低， 目前只适用于配网电缆试验。变频 电压试验装置通过调频或调感谐振方式产生接近于工频的试验电压，与工频电压 等效性最好， 相对工频电压***体积减小、 重量减轻， 但高压、 超高压电缆现场 试验用变频装置的体积和重量仍较大，供电容量要求偏高， 受运行现场限制也存 在设备运行、 吊装的不便。
常规的阻尼振荡波 （Damped AC， 以下简称 DAC) 局放检测技术用于现场 PD检测的技术特征在于采用离线单端固定测量方式，即试验电压发生装置与 PD 检测仪器合并为一整套***， 单次检测试验***只与电缆线路一侧端头连接， 电 压激励作用与 PD信号采集在端头位置进行。 荷兰、 日本、 德国与国内的众多学 者研究结果已表明： DAC 电压与工频正弦波电压等效性较好， 可以作为 PD试 验的激励电压。 DAC电压下高压交联电缆线路局部放电检测具有符合 IEC标准 校准要求（检测频带为 10kHz~ 500kHz)， 放电水平精确量化， 放电量值以 pC为 有效单位， 放电脉冲与电压相位关联清晰， 测试数据可比性强， 便于统一评价判 据等优点。 相比工频与变频电压发生装置， DAC电压发生装置体积小、 重量轻， 功率需求小， 便于现场搬运与布置。
电缆线路相比于具有单元式结构特征的电力设备如变压器、互感器而言， 其 长度上分布式特征明显。 交联电缆线路的分布式参数传输线特性致使其内部的 PD信号沿电缆传播时， 信号幅值呈指数衰减规律， 波形发生明显的畸变， 不再 具有陡峭的上升沿及下降沿。线路越长， 远离测试近端的放电源处放电脉冲衰减 和畸变约严重， 当线路长度超过 3km时， DAC电压下基于 IEC60270标准的离 线式单端固定局放检测方法的有效性与适用性已很难满足绝缘性能检测与评价 的要求， 常规的 DAC电压下单端固定局放检测方法要捕获数千米远的放电源产 生的微弱 PD信号十分困难。
中国发明专利 《电缆振荡波局部放电及故障定位的检测装置及方法》 （申请 号： 201210205908.7)提出了一种电缆振荡波局部放电及故障定位的检测装置及 方法， ***电源控制主机自动寻找***谐振频率， 并调整输出电压达到***初始 设定的试验电压值，用户可根据需求进行电缆耐压试验或阻尼振荡波局部放电检 测试验， ***通过采集的电缆局部放电信号， 并进行分析诊断、 定位故障位置。 然而该发明仍然存在上述缺陷， 无法解决大长度下的检测要求。
有鉴于此，本发明提供一种大长度超高压交联电缆阻尼振荡波局部放电现场 检测方法， 以解决上述问题。 发明内容
本发明的目的是克服 DAC电压下大长度高压、 超高压交联电缆线路局部放 电现场检测方法的不足，填补国内大长度高压、超高压交联电缆线路状态检测的 技术空白， 提出一种大长度高压、 超高压交联电缆线路局部放电现场检测方法， 可在线路长度超过 3km条件下检测出电缆及附件的 PD信号， 适用于 110 (66) kV~ 500kV电压等级。
本发明的技术方案是：一种大长度超高压交联电缆阻尼振荡波局部放电现场 检测方法， 其特征在于， 包括如下步骤：
第一步骤， 试验前， 将被测的电缆线路 A、 B、 C三相都与电网脱离； 第二步骤， 将 、 B、 C三相电缆的绝缘接头处金属套交叉互联箱内换位铜 排由交叉互联方式改为分相直联方式；
第三步骤， 将被测电缆线路 A相位于试验现场一侧的终端与振荡波电压发 生装置及分压器的相连， 被测电缆线路 A相远端悬空， 被测电缆线路非试验相 两侧的终端相对地短接；
第四步骤， 在被测电缆线路 A相两侧终端接地引出线以及接头处所有的接 地箱或交叉互联箱内 A相直联铜排上卡装 1只高频脉冲电流耦合传感器， 并连 接信号输出线；
第五步骤， 使用标准脉冲发生器从被测电缆线路 A相终端注入校准信号； 在这一步骤中， 可以采用便携式高频局放检测仪， 从近端开始沿电缆线路逐个终 端及接头采集传感器的输出信号进行测量校准；或者采用分布式高频局放监测系 统，每个终端或接头就近安装 1台前级采集单元， 沿电缆线路同步采集每一个传 感器的输出信号进行测量校准；
第六步骤， 使用电压发生装置采用阶梯升压方式输出衰减周期为 300mS的 阻尼振荡波电压， 起始电压为电缆额定相电压 U0的 0.5倍， 每级升压 10kV; 第七步骤， 加压过程中， 若检测到 PD信号则当前的 DAC试验电压连续作 用 N个周期， N为大于等于 10的整数； 若未检测到 PD信号则继续阶梯升压直 至 1.4U0;
第八步骤， 加压过程中， 无论是采用便携式高频局放检测仪， 从近端开始沿 电缆线路逐个终端及接头采集传感器的输出 PD脉冲电流信号， 还是采用分布式 高频局放监测***沿电缆线路同步采集每一个传感器的输出脉冲电流信号，都要 用示波器同时采集分压器的输出试验电压小信号；
第九步骤， N个电压周期结束后， 对每个传感器采集的放电脉冲电流信号进 行频域积分处理， 计算 PD量值， 并绘制 PD特征统计分布谱图；
第十步骤， 在被测电缆线路 B相与 C相电缆上分别重复步骤三至九。
如上所述的大长度超高压交联电缆阻尼振荡波局部放电现场检测方法，其特 征在于： 用衰减周期为 300mS 的阻尼振荡波电压代替工频正弦波电压作为电缆 线路的局部放电测试用激励电压。
如上所述的大长度超高压交联电缆阻尼振荡波局部放电现场检测方法，其特 征在于： PD量值采用脉冲电流频域积分方法计算， 频域范围取 10kHz~ 500kHz， 以 pC为计量单位。
如上所述的大长度超高压交联电缆阻尼振荡波局部放电现场检测方法，其特 征在于： PD特征统计分布谱图采用 N个周期内 PD量值、 脉冲个数与试验电压 相位 3个参数来绘制。
如上所述的大长度超高压交联电缆阻尼振荡波局部放电现场检测方法，其特 征在于： N取值为 20。
本发明的有益效果是： 本发明可以克服 DAC电压下大长度高压、 超高压交 联电缆线路局部放电现场检测方法的不足，填补国内大长度高压、超高压交联电 缆线路状态检测的技术空白， 可在线路长度超过 3km条件下检测出电缆及附件 的 PD信号， 适用于 110 (66) kV~ 500kV电压等级。 采用该方法可为高压、 超 高压交联电缆线路缺陷诊断、电缆绝缘健康状况评估提供技术支撑，进一步丰富、 完善电缆运维单位电缆状态检测手段， 为提升电缆线路运行可靠性提供有力保 障。 附图说明
图 1为本发明的大长度超高压交联电缆线路局部放电现场检测方法流程图。 图 2为本发明的大长度超高压交联电缆线路阻尼振荡波电压下局部放电带电检 测方法示意图。
图 3为本发明的大长度超高压交联电缆线路阻尼振荡波电压下局部放电分布式 监测方法示意图。 具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明， 下面结合实施例进一步阐明本发明的内容， 但本发 明的内容不仅仅局限于下面的实施例。本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动 或修改， 这些等价形式同样在本申请所列权利要求书限定范围之内。
图中标记说明， 1-直流激励振荡式电压发生装置， 2-阻容式分压器， 3-电缆 线路终端， 4-终端的接地线， 5-电缆线路中间接头， 6-接头的分相直联铜排， 7- 电缆线路电缆本体， 8-高频脉冲电流耦合传感器， 9-便携式高频局放检测仪， 10- 示波器， 11-分布式高频局放监测*** （含前级采集单元）。
本发明实施例提供的大长度高压、超高压交联电缆线路局部放电现场检测方 法， 其具体实施方法是：
第一步骤： 试验前， 被测的电缆线路 、 B、 C三相都与电网脱离。
第二步骤： A、 B、 C 三相电缆的绝缘接头处金属套交叉互联箱内换位铜排 由交叉互联方式改为分相直联方式。
第三步骤： 被测电缆线路 A相位于试验现场一侧的终端 （近端） 导体引出 棒与直流激励振荡式电压发生装置及分压器的高压引线相连，远端的导体引出棒 悬空。 非试验相两侧的终端都用金属引线对地短接。
第四步骤： 在 A相电缆两侧终端接地引出线以及接头处所有的接地箱或交 叉互联箱内 A相直联铜排上卡装 1只高频脉冲电流耦合传感器， 并连接信号输 出线。
第五步骤： 升压前， 用标准脉冲发生器从 A相终端注入校准信号。 试验装 备条件一般的电缆运维单位， 建议采用便携式高频局放检测仪， 从近端开始沿电 缆线路逐个终端及接头采集传感器的输出信号进行测量校准；试验装备条件良好 的电缆运维单位， 建议采用分布式高频局放监测***， 每个终端或接头就近安装 1 台前级采集单元， 沿电缆线路同步采集每一个传感器的输出信号进行测量校 准。
第六步骤： 电压发生装置采用阶梯升压方式输出衰减周期为 300mS 的阻尼 振荡波电压，起始电压为电缆额定相电压 UQ的 0.5倍，每级升压 10kV， 直至 PD 起始电压 （PDIV) 或 1.4U0。
第七步骤： 加压过程中， 若检测到 PD信号则当前的 DAC试验电压连续作 用 20个周期； 若未检测到 PD信号则继续阶梯升压直至 1.4UQ。
第八步骤： 加压过程中， 无论是采用便携式高频局放检测仪， 从近端开始沿 电缆线路逐个终端及接头采集传感器的输出 PD脉冲电流信号， 还是采用分布式 高频局放监测***沿电缆线路同步采集每一个传感器的输出脉冲电流信号，都要 用示波器同时采集分压器的输出试验电压小信号。
第九步骤： 20 个电压周期结束后， 对每个传感器采集的放电脉冲电流信号 进行频域积分处理， 计算 PD量值。取 20个周期内 PD量值、脉冲个数与试验电 压相位 3个参数绘制放电统计分布谱图。
第十步骤： 在 B相与 C相电缆上分别重复步骤三至九。
本实施例连续取了 20个周期的参数，在实际操作中， 其连续加压的周期次数 可以灵活调配， 一般应该取 10个或 10个以上的周期为佳。
本发明提供的大长度高压、超高压交联电缆线路局部放电现场检测方法， 与 现有技术的主要区别在于： 用衰减周期为 300mS的阻尼振荡波电压代替工频正 弦波电压作为电缆线路中潜在绝缘缺陷的局部放电测试用激励电压；加压过程中 局放检测方式由离线单端固定测量改为沿线路中间接头的带电检测或分布式监 测； 信号拾取上， 采用在电缆金属套引出线上卡装高频脉冲电流耦合传感器来取 代与电缆终端并联的耦合电容器及检测阻抗； 数据处理方面， PD量值采用脉冲 电流频域积分方法计算， 频域范围取 10kHz~ 500kHz， 以 pC为计量单位； 数据 分析方面， PD特征统计分布谱图采用 20个周期内 PD量值、 脉冲个数与试验电 压相位 3个参数来绘制。 本说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员公知的现有技术。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种大长度超高压交联电缆阻尼振荡波局部放电现场检测方法， 其特征 在于， 包括如下步骤：
第一步骤， 试验前， 将被测的电缆线路 A、 B、 C三相都与电网脱离； 第二步骤， 将 、 B、 C三相电缆的绝缘接头处金属套交叉互联箱内换位铜 排由交叉互联方式改为分相直联方式；
第三步骤， 将被测电缆线路 A相位于试验现场一侧的终端与振荡波电压发 生装置及分压器的相连， 被测电缆线路 A相远端悬空， 被测电缆线路非试验相 两侧的终端相对地短接；
第四步骤， 在被测电缆线路 A相两侧终端接地引出线以及接头处所有的接 地箱或交叉互联箱内 A相直联铜排上卡装 1只高频脉冲电流耦合传感器， 并连 接信号输出线；
第五步骤， 使用标准脉冲发生器从被测电缆线路 A相终端注入校准信号； 在这一步骤中， 可以采用便携式高频局放检测仪， 从近端开始沿电缆线路逐个终 端及接头采集传感器的输出信号进行测量校准；或者采用分布式高频局放监测系 统，每个终端或接头就近安装 1台前级采集单元， 沿电缆线路同步采集每一个传 感器的输出信号进行测量校准；
第六步骤， 使用电压发生装置采用阶梯升压方式输出衰减周期为 300mS的 阻尼振荡波电压， 起始电压为电缆额定相电压 UQ的 0.5倍， 每级升压 10kV; 第七步骤， 加压过程中， 若检测到 PD信号则当前的 DAC试验电压连续作 用 N个周期， N为大于等于 10的整数； 若未检测到 PD信号则继续阶梯升压直 至 1.4U0;
第八步骤， 加压过程中， 无论是采用便携式高频局放检测仪， 从近端开始沿 电缆线路逐个终端及接头采集传感器的输出 PD脉冲电流信号， 还是采用分布式 高频局放监测***沿电缆线路同步采集每一个传感器的输出脉冲电流信号，都要 用示波器同时采集分压器的输出试验电压小信号；
第九步骤， N个电压周期结束后， 对每个传感器采集的放电脉冲电流信号进 行频域积分处理， 计算 PD量值， 并绘制 PD特征统计分布谱图；
第十步骤， 在被测电缆线路 B相与 C相电缆上分别重复步骤三至九。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的大长度超高压交联电缆阻尼振荡波局部放电现场 检测方法， 其特征在于： 用衰减周期为 300mS的阻尼振荡波电压代替工频正弦 波电压作为电缆线路的局部放电测试用激励电压。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的大长度超高压交联电缆阻尼振荡波局部放电现场 检测方法， 其特征在于： PD量值采用脉冲电流频域积分方法计算， 频域范围取 10kHz~ 500kHz, 以 pC为计量单位。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的大长度超高压交联电缆阻尼振荡波局部放电现场 检测方法， 其特征在于： PD特征统计分布谱图采用 N个周期内 PD量值、 脉冲 个数与试验电压相位 3个参数来绘制。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的大长度超高压交联电缆阻尼振荡波局部放电现场 检测方法， 其特征在于： N取值为 20。
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