WO2014064999A1 - タッチパネル付き表示装置 - Google Patents
タッチパネル付き表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014064999A1 WO2014064999A1 PCT/JP2013/073134 JP2013073134W WO2014064999A1 WO 2014064999 A1 WO2014064999 A1 WO 2014064999A1 JP 2013073134 W JP2013073134 W JP 2013073134W WO 2014064999 A1 WO2014064999 A1 WO 2014064999A1
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- film
- layer
- touch panel
- polarizer
- conductive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B23/00—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose
- B32B23/20—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose comprising esters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/16—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements having an anti-static effect, e.g. electrically conducting coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B23/00—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose
- B32B23/04—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose comprising such cellulosic plastic substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/0412—Digitisers structurally integrated in a display
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B32B2307/202—Conductive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/42—Polarizing, birefringent, filtering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
- B32B2457/208—Touch screens
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a display measure with a touch panel in which a touch panel and a display device are bonded via an adhesive layer.
- touch panels are used as one of means for inputting to these electronic devices.
- the touch panel has optical transparency, and when it is bonded to a liquid crystal display device, for example, it is attached to the polarizing plate side of the liquid crystal panel via an adhesive.
- a touch panel mounted on the surface of an information display unit of a mobile terminal is light-transmitting from the viewpoint of making the information displayed on the information display unit easy to see and not breaking even if the mobile terminal is dropped.
- a high-quality plastic plate was used.
- the plastic plate is made thin in order to pursue the reduction in thickness and weight required for the portable terminal, the strength of the plastic plate is insufficient.
- a glass substrate having higher strength than a plastic plate has been used for a touch panel mounted on the surface of an information display unit.
- the glass substrate when a glass substrate is used, the glass substrate may be damaged when the mobile terminal is dropped, and the fragments may be scattered. For this reason, it has been conventionally studied to use a glass scattering prevention film by bonding it to the surface of a glass substrate.
- a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film that is inexpensive and has an anti-scattering effect is used as a glass anti-scattering film. Since the PET film generally has low adhesion to the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, in order to improve the adhesion, a PET film with an easy adhesion layer provided with a thin film called an easy adhesion layer is used.
- the PET film may generate interference fringes due to the refractive index relationship and may reduce the visibility of display information.
- a triacetyl cellulose film with an adhesive layer is used instead of a PET film, and it is studied to prevent scattering of the glass substrate by bonding to the outermost surface of the glass substrate as a protective film. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
- touch panels there are various types of touch panels, one of which is a capacitive touch panel.
- this capacitive touch panel an X electrode pattern formed on a transparent substrate so as to extend in the X direction by a transparent conductive film, and Y formed so as to extend in the Y direction by another transparent conductive film.
- An electrode pattern is provided.
- the X electrode pattern and the Y electrode pattern include a rectangular pattern and a diamond pattern, which are formed using ITO (Indium Tin Oxide).
- ITO Indium Tin Oxide
- a transparent optical double-sided tape OCA; Optical
- the electrostatic capacitance type touch panel of Patent Document 2 includes a two-layer transparent conductive film extending in directions orthogonal to each other and the touch surface is a glass substrate. By using only one glass substrate, the entire touch panel is reduced in thickness.
- the touch panel of Patent Document 3 employs a configuration in which only one electrode layer on the substrate is provided, and a shield layer is provided on the opposite side of the substrate from the electrode layer.
- JP 2011-209512 A (refer to claim 1, paragraph [0012], FIG. 1, etc.)
- JP 2011-186717 A (refer to claim 1, paragraphs [0016] and 0022], FIG. 1 and the like)
- Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2012-008255 (see paragraph [0107], FIG. 4 etc.)
- the polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display device to which the touch panel is bonded has a structure in which a polarizer is sandwiched between a surface protective film (film on the touch panel side) and a back surface protective film (film on the display panel side).
- a method of bonding the surface protective film and the back surface protective film to the polarizer there is a method of bonding by ultraviolet irradiation (UV irradiation).
- UV irradiation ultraviolet irradiation
- an ultraviolet curable adhesive is applied to the front and back surfaces of the polarizer, the UV light is irradiated to the adhesive in a state where the polarizer is sandwiched between the front and back protective films, and the adhesive is cured.
- UV irradiation an ultraviolet curable adhesive is applied to the front and back surfaces of the polarizer, the UV light is irradiated to the adhesive in a state where the polarizer is sandwiched between the front and back protective films, and the adhesive is cured.
- the shield layer when the above-described shield layer is bonded to a film by aqueous coating, or when the polarizer is formed of a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) film, moisture is contained in the shield layer or the polarizer.
- the moisture permeability of the back surface protective film of the polarizer is high, the moisture is absorbed by the back surface protective film, and the retardation (retardation) of the back surface protective film varies. Since the back surface protective film is positioned on the display panel side with respect to the polarizer, if the phase difference of the back surface protective film fluctuates, display unevenness such as white spots occurs during black display.
- the glass substrate is located in the outermost layer of the touch panel (the layer opposite to the display device), the moisture cannot pass through the glass substrate and cannot escape to the outside of the touch panel. Then, the polarizer may be deteriorated by the moisture, resulting in a reddish display during black display.
- an object of the present invention is to suppress a decrease in the yield of touch panels and malfunction due to electrical noise, and to adhere a protective film to both sides of a polarizer via an ultraviolet curable adhesive.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a display device with a touch panel that can suppress disorder of the orientation of the polarizer due to curing shrinkage of the agent, fluctuation of the retardation of the back surface protective film, and deterioration of the polarizer due to moisture.
- a display device with a touch panel in which the electrode layer side of a touch panel having an electrode layer on a glass substrate and the polarizing plate side of a display device having a polarizing plate on a display panel are bonded via an adhesive layer.
- the electrode layer of the touch panel is composed of one layer, and a conductive film is bonded on the electrode layer,
- the conductive film is made of a cellulose ester film and is formed by a water-based coating of a conductive material on the side opposite to the electrode layer with respect to the scattering prevention film for preventing the glass substrate from scattering.
- the polarizing plate includes a polarizer, a surface protective film bonded to the touch panel side of the polarizer via an ultraviolet curable adhesive, and an ultraviolet curable adhesive on the display panel side of the polarizer.
- a back surface protective film bonded through The back surface protective film is a following optical film moisture permeability 200g / m 2 / 24h
- the surface protective film is a cellulose ester film having a plasticizer and having a thickness of 15 to 30 ⁇ m, and the polarizing film passes through a surface opposite to the side where the plasticizer is unevenly distributed in the thickness direction of the film.
- optical film of the back surface protective film is a film made of any one of acrylic, cyclic polyolefin, and polycarbonate.
- the electrode layer on a glass substrate is one layer in a touch panel, the fall of the yield by the disconnection of the electrode layer at the time of cutting a glass substrate, and the fall of productivity of a touch panel can be suppressed. . Further, scattering of the glass substrate due to impact or the like can be prevented by the anti-scattering film, and further, electrical noise from the display device can be blocked by the conductive layer, and malfunction of the touch panel can be suppressed.
- the surface protective film is a surface opposite to the side where a large amount of plasticizer is unevenly distributed in the thickness direction of the cellulose ester film. Since the adhesive is bonded to the polarizer through the adhesive, it suppresses the curing shrinkage of the adhesive due to ultraviolet irradiation, and a lot of plasticizer is arranged on the surface on the touch panel side, so that the stress when the touch panel is pressed is reduced. It can be absorbed by a cellulose ester film. As a result, it is possible to suppress the disorder of the orientation of the polarizer and to suppress the decrease in contrast.
- the back surface protective film of a polarizing plate includes the following optical film moisture permeability 200g / m 2 / 24h.
- both the scattering prevention film and the surface protective film of the polarizing plate contain a cellulose ester film having high moisture absorption and moisture permeability, the moisture can be trapped (captured) by both cellulose ester films. . Thereby, it can suppress that a polarizer deteriorates with the said water
- the cellulose ester film of the surface protective film is as thin as 15 to 30 ⁇ m, it is easy for water to escape from the polarizer to the anti-scattering film via the surface protective film, and the deterioration of the polarizer due to moisture is ensured. Can be suppressed.
- the numerical value range includes the values of the lower limit A and the upper limit B.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a display device with a touch panel according to the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the display device with a touch panel is configured by bonding the display device 10 and the touch panel 20 through an adhesive layer 30.
- the display device 10 is configured by laminating a polarizing plate 2 on a display panel 1.
- the display panel 1 can be configured by a liquid crystal display panel (LCD: Liquid Crystal Display) or an organic EL (OLED: Organic light-Emitting Diode) display.
- LCDs and OLEDs have a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix, and display is performed by turning on / off the driving of each pixel by a switching element such as a TFT (Thin Film Transistor).
- TFT Thin Film Transistor
- the polarizing plate 2 includes a polarizer 3 that transmits predetermined linearly polarized light, a film 4 that is laminated on the touch panel 20 side of the polarizer 3, and a film 5 that is laminated on the display panel 1 side of the polarizer 3 (back surface protective film). ) And.
- the polarizer 3 is obtained by, for example, dyeing a polyvinyl alcohol film with a dichroic dye and stretching the film at a high magnification. After being subjected to an alkali treatment (also referred to as a saponification treatment), the above-described films 4 and 5 are converted into the polarizer 3.
- the adhesive is bonded to each of these surfaces via an ultraviolet curable adhesive, and the solvent is removed by drying and the adhesive is cured by ultraviolet irradiation (UV irradiation).
- the film 4 is configured as a hard coat film in which a hard coat layer 4b is laminated on a film substrate 4a (surface protective film), and has a function of protecting the surface of the polarizing plate 2 (polarizer 3).
- the film substrate 4a can be composed of various materials, but in the present embodiment, among them, it is composed of a cellulose ester film having a thickness of 15 to 30 ⁇ m. Cellulose ester film, the moisture permeability is as high as about 800g / m 2 / 24h with a thickness 80 ⁇ m terms has excellent hygroscopicity.
- the hard coat layer 4b is made of, for example, an active energy ray-curable resin and has a thickness of several ⁇ m.
- the film 4 may be configured as a protective film by itself (without laminating a hard coat layer) alone, the film 4 may be a hard coat film in which a hard coat layer 4b is formed on the film substrate 4a.
- the function of protecting the surface of the polarizing plate 2 can be enhanced.
- the film substrate 4a is a thin film, the display panel 1 is easily damaged when the touch panel is pressed.
- the film 4 as a hard coat film, such damage is caused. Occurrence can be suppressed.
- the film substrate 4a has a plasticizer. Although details of the plasticizer material will be described later, this plasticizer is added to the cellulose ester film for the purpose of improving moisture permeability, fluidity of the composition, and flexibility of the film.
- the cellulose ester film can be formed by a solution casting film forming method, which will be described later.
- the plasticizer is in the thickness direction of the film. It becomes easy to be unevenly distributed. That is, the concentration of the plasticizer increases on one side than the center in the thickness direction of the film, and decreases on the other side.
- the surface (namely, the harder surface) opposite to the surface (namely, the softer surface) on which the plasticizer is unevenly distributed in the thickness direction is polarized.
- a bonding surface with the child 3 is used, and the bonding surface and the polarizer 3 are bonded to each other with an ultraviolet curable adhesive.
- the surface on the side where a lot of plasticizers are unevenly distributed can be identified by, for example, analysis with a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS).
- TOF-SIMS time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer
- the hard coat layer 4b described above is formed on the surface of the film substrate 4a on which the plasticizer is unevenly distributed (the surface on the side opposite to the polarizer 3).
- the polarizing plate 2 is comprised as a circularly-polarizing plate (or elliptical polarizing plate) for external light reflection prevention.
- the film 5 on the display panel 1 side of the polarizer 3 is an optical film that imparts an in-plane retardation of about 1 ⁇ 4 of the wavelength to the transmitted light. It is preferable that the polarizer 3 and the film 5 are bonded together so that the axis (transmission axis or absorption axis) and the slow axis of the film 5 intersect at an angle of about 45 °.
- the film 5 may be provided simply as a protective film for a polarizer, or may be a protective film that also serves as a retardation film having a desired optical compensation function. As described above, when the display panel 1 is an OLED display, the film 5 is preferably an optical film that imparts an in-plane retardation of about 1 ⁇ 4 of the transmission wavelength.
- the film 5 in this embodiment is comprised with the optical film whose water vapor transmission rate is 200 g / m ⁇ 2 > / 24h or less.
- a film made of acrylic, cyclic polyolefin (COP), or polycarbonate (PC) resin can be used.
- the moisture permeability of acrylic 100g / m 2 / 24h.
- a 40 [mu] m the moisture permeability of the COP 0.1g / m 2 / 24h.
- Is 40 ⁇ m moisture permeability of the PC is 100g / m 2 / 24h. It is about 40 ⁇ m.
- the moisture permeability in this invention represents what was measured on test conditions 40 degreeC and 90% RH.
- the scattering prevention film 25 and the surface protection film (film substrate 4a), which will be described later, provided outside the polarizer 3 have no influence on the polarization state even if the phase difference fluctuates due to moisture.
- a cellulose ester film having high water absorption can be preferably used.
- the touch panel 20 is a capacitive touch panel, and has an electrode pattern 22 (electrode layer) made of a transparent conductive film (for example, ITO) and an interlayer insulating layer 23 on a glass substrate 21. That is, in the touch panel 20, only one glass substrate 21 is used, and the thin touch panel 20 is configured as compared with the configuration using two glass substrates.
- electrode pattern 22 electrode layer
- ITO transparent conductive film
- the surface of the glass substrate 21 (the surface opposite to the electrode pattern 22) is a touch surface of the touch panel 20.
- the electrode pattern 22 is formed on the glass substrate 21 so as to extend in one direction (for example, the X direction).
- the interlayer insulating layer 23 is formed on the glass substrate 21 so as to cover the electrode pattern 22.
- the electrode pattern 22 When the surface of the touch panel 20 is pressed with a finger, the electrode pattern 22 is grounded through the human body at the touched point, and the resistance value between the electrode pattern 22 and the ground line changes. By detecting the change in the resistance value by an external detection circuit connected to the electrode pattern 22, the coordinates of the touched point are specified.
- a conductive film 24 is bonded onto the electrode pattern 22 (on the interlayer insulating layer 23) via an adhesive layer (not shown).
- the conductive film 24 includes a scattering prevention film 25 and a conductive layer 26.
- the scattering prevention film 25 includes a cellulose ester film, and is provided to prevent the glass substrate 21 from scattering due to external impact or the like.
- a cellulose ester film a cellulose triacetate film having a retardation Ro in the in-plane direction of 0 nm to 10 nm can be used. In this case, since there is little interference due to the phase difference in the in-plane direction, it is possible to improve the visibility when viewing the display panel 10 with the naked eye via the touch panel 20.
- the bonding angle of the scattering prevention film 25 with respect to the polarizer 3 is preferably 0 ° to 15 °.
- the bonding angle is an angle formed by the optical axis (transmission axis or absorption axis) of the polarizer 3 and the slow axis of the scattering prevention film 25.
- the direction of the slow axis of the anti-scattering film 25 is determined by an Abbe refractometer (1T) in an in-plane average refractive index at a light wavelength of 590 nm under an environment of a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 55% RH. Can be obtained by measuring. By setting it as such an angle, even when the retardation of the in-plane direction of a scattering prevention film changes a little, an optical influence can be reduced.
- the anti-scattering film 25 a cellulose diacetate film having a retardation Ro in the in-plane direction of 30 nm to 200 nm may be used.
- the anti-scattering film is disposed so that the slow axis thereof is in the direction of 10 to 80 ° with respect to the optical axis (transmission axis or absorption axis) of the polarizer 3.
- the linearly polarized light transmitted through the polarizer 3 can be changed to elliptically polarized light or circularly polarized light, so that the visibility when viewing the display device 10 with polarized sunglasses can be improved. .
- the conductive layer 26 is formed by water-based application of a conductive material on the side opposite to the electrode pattern 22 with respect to the scattering prevention film 25.
- a conductive material such as silver nanowire (AgNW) and copper nanowire (CuNW)
- the conductive fiber and conductive polymer which consist of metal nanowires, such as silver nanowire (AgNW) and copper nanowire (CuNW)
- a conductive fiber is used preferably especially. Details of the conductive fibers such as metal nanowires will be described later.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 30 is composed of an adhesive layer such as OCA or UV curable resin (OCR), and is formed on the entire surface of the polarizing plate 2 of the display device 10 to join the touch panel 20 and the display device 10 together. Yes.
- the electrode layer on the glass substrate 21 is one layer of the electrode pattern 22 in the touch panel 20, compared with the structure of two electrode layers, the electrode layer at the time of cutting the glass substrate 21 It is possible to suppress a decrease in yield due to the disconnection of wire and thus a decrease in productivity of the touch panel 20.
- the scattering prevention film 25 can prevent the scattering of the glass substrate 21 due to impact or the like. Further, in a thin configuration in which a single glass substrate is used, the touch panel 20 is close to the display device 10 and easily receives electrical noise from the display device 10. However, since the conductive film 24 includes the conductive layer 26, the electrical noise can be blocked by the conductive layer 26. Therefore, even if such a thin configuration is used, an error of the touch panel 20 due to the electrical noise is caused. Operation can be suppressed.
- the conductive layer 26 that blocks electrical noise can be reliably realized.
- the film 4 and the film 5 of the polarizing plate 3 are bonded to the polarizer 3 through an ultraviolet curable adhesive
- the film 4 includes a cellulose ester film
- the plasticizer in the cellulose ester film Is bonded to the polarizer 3 through a surface opposite to the surface on the side where a large amount of is unevenly distributed.
- the hard coat layer 4b is provided on the surface of the film 4 (cellulose ester film) on the side with a large amount of plasticizer, the surface of the film 4 becomes soft and easily absorbs stress when the touch panel 20 is pressed. Therefore, the hard coat film can be made difficult to break.
- the film 5 of the polarizing plate 3 includes the following optical film moisture permeability 200g / m 2 / 24h.
- moisture content of the polarizer 3 become difficult to permeate
- the above effect can be obtained with certainty.
- both the scattering prevention film 25 of the conductive film 24 and the film 4 of the polarizing plate 3 contain cellulose ester films having high hygroscopicity and high moisture permeability, so that the moisture is trapped (captured) by both cellulose ester films. )can do. Thereby, it can suppress that the polarizer 3 deteriorates with the said water
- the cellulose ester film included in the film 4 is as thin as 15 to 30 ⁇ m, water easily escapes from the polarizer 3 through the film 4 to the scattering prevention film 25, and the polarizer 3 is deteriorated by moisture. Can be reliably suppressed.
- a film substrate 4a which is a protective film on the touch panel 20 side of the polarizing plate 2 is composed of a cellulose ester film having a thickness of 15 to 30 ⁇ m.
- the cellulose ester resin used will be described in detail later.
- the film 5 is a protective film of the display panel 1 side of the polarizing plate 2 is not particularly limited and may be a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin, moisture permeability is less than 200 g / m 2 / 24h Film Specifically, it is desirable to use an optical film made of acrylic resin, cyclic polyolefin (COP), polycarbonate (PC), or the like.
- COP cyclic polyolefin
- PC polycarbonate
- thermoplastic resin The thermoplastic resin that can be used for the film 5 refers to a resin that becomes soft when heated to a glass transition temperature or a melting point and can be molded into a desired shape.
- thermoplastic resins include cellulose esters, polyethylene (PE), high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene. (PS), polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), Teflon (registered trademark) (polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE), ABS resin (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin), AS resin, acrylic resin (PMMA), or the like can be used.
- PE polyethylene
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- PS polyvinylidene chloride
- PS polystyrene.
- PVAc polyvinyl acetate
- Teflon registered trademark
- AS resin acrylic resin
- PMMA acrylic resin
- PA polyamide
- nylon polyacetal
- PC polycarbonate
- m-PPE modified polyphenylene ether
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- PET Polyethylene terephthalate
- GF-PET glass fiber reinforced polyethylene terephthalate
- COP cyclic polyolefin
- polyphenylene sulfide PPS
- polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE
- polysulfone polyethersulfone
- amorphous polyarylate liquid crystal polymer
- polyether Ether ketone thermoplastic polyimide (PI)
- PAI polyamideimide
- a cellulose ester resin as the film substrate 4a, and as the film 5, a polycarbonate resin, a polyethylene terephthalate resin, an acrylic resin, or a polyolefin resin. Is preferably used.
- Cellulose ester resins that can be used for the film 4a in this embodiment are cellulose (di, tri) acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate phthalate, and cellulose. It is preferably at least one selected from phthalates.
- particularly preferred cellulose esters include cellulose triacetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, and cellulose acetate butyrate.
- substitution degree of the mixed fatty acid ester more preferable cellulose acetate propionate and lower fatty acid ester of cellulose acetate butyrate have an acyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms as a substituent, and the substitution degree of the acetyl group is X.
- substitution degree of propionyl group or butyryl group is Y, it is preferably a cellulose resin containing a cellulose ester that simultaneously satisfies the following formulas (I) and (II).
- cellulose acetate propionate is particularly preferably used. Among them, 1.9 ⁇ X ⁇ 2.5 and 0.1 ⁇ Y ⁇ 0.9 are preferable.
- the part not substituted with the acyl group is usually present as a hydroxyl group. These can be synthesized by known methods.
- the cellulose ester used in the present embodiment is preferably one having a weight average molecular weight Mw / number average molecular weight Mn ratio of 1.5 to 5.5, particularly preferably 2.0 to 5.0,
- the cellulose ester is more preferably 2.5 to 5.0, and more preferably 3.0 to 5.0 cellulose ester.
- the raw material cellulose of the cellulose ester used in this embodiment may be wood pulp or cotton linter.
- the wood pulp may be coniferous or hardwood, but coniferous is more preferred.
- a cotton linter is preferably used from the viewpoint of releasability during film formation.
- the cellulose ester made from these can be mixed suitably or can be used independently.
- the ratio of cellulose ester derived from cellulose linter: cellulose ester derived from wood pulp (coniferous): cellulose ester derived from wood pulp (hardwood) is 100: 0: 0, 90: 10: 0, 85: 15: 0, 50:50: 0, 20: 80: 0, 10: 90: 0, 0: 100: 0, 0: 0: 100, 80:10:10, 85: 0: 15, 40:30:30 can be used. .
- 1 g of cellulose ester resin is added to 20 ml of pure water (electric conductivity of 0.1 ⁇ S / cm or less, pH 6.8), and the pH when stirred in a nitrogen atmosphere at 25 ° C. for 1 hr.
- the electrical conductivity is 6 to 7 and the electrical conductivity is 1 to 100 ⁇ S / cm.
- [Film production method] As a method for producing a film substrate, production methods such as a normal inflation method, a T-die method, a calendar method, a cutting method, a casting method, an emulsion method, and a hot press method can be used. A casting method such as a melt casting film forming method is preferably used.
- a casting method such as a melt casting film forming method is preferably used.
- the film base material cellulose ester film
- a surface protection film since it is necessary to make a plasticizer unevenly distribute in a film thickness direction, it forms into a film by the solution casting film forming method especially.
- the preferable manufacturing method of a film base material is demonstrated.
- the dissolution step is a step in which a dope is formed by dissolving a thermoplastic resin, a heat-shrinkable material, and other additives in an organic solvent mainly composed of a good solvent for the thermoplastic resin while stirring. is there.
- a good solvent refers to an organic solvent having good solubility in a thermoplastic resin in an optical film manufacturing method by a solution casting film forming method, and also shows a main effect on dissolution, among which a large amount
- the organic solvent used in the above is called a main (organic) solvent or a main (organic) solvent.
- thermoplastic resin For the dissolution of the thermoplastic resin, a method carried out at normal pressure, a method carried out below the boiling point of the main solvent, a method carried out under pressure above the boiling point of the main solvent, JP-A-9-95544, JP-A-9-95557 Alternatively, various dissolution methods such as a method using a cooling dissolution method as described in JP-A-9-95538 and a method using a high pressure as described in JP-A-11-21379 can be used. The method of pressurizing at a boiling point or higher is preferred.
- the return material refers to a material obtained by finely pulverizing a film, which is generated when a film is formed, a material obtained by cutting off both sides of the film, or a film raw material that has been speculated out due to scratches or the like.
- the dope is fed to a pressure die through a liquid feed pump (for example, a pressurized metering gear pump), and transferred to an endless metal belt such as a stainless steel belt or a rotating metal.
- a liquid feed pump for example, a pressurized metering gear pump
- This is a step of casting a dope from a pressure die slit to a casting position on a metal support such as a drum.
- ⁇ Pressure dies that can adjust the slit shape of the die base and make the film thickness uniform are preferred.
- the pressure die include a coat hanger die and a T die, and any of them is preferably used.
- the surface of the metal support is a mirror surface.
- two or more pressure dies may be provided on the metal support, and the dope amount may be divided and stacked. Or it is also preferable to obtain the film of a laminated structure by the co-casting method which casts several dope simultaneously.
- the solvent evaporation process is a process in which a web (a dope film formed by casting a dope on a casting support) is heated on the casting support to evaporate the solvent.
- the web on the support after casting is preferably dried on the support in an atmosphere of 40 to 100 ° C. In order to maintain the atmosphere at 40 to 100 ° C., it is preferable to apply hot air at this temperature to the upper surface of the web or heat by means such as infrared rays.
- Peeling process is a process of peeling the web which the solvent evaporated on the metal support body in a peeling position. The peeled web is sent to the next process.
- the temperature at the peeling position on the metal support is preferably 10 to 40 ° C, more preferably 11 to 30 ° C.
- the amount of residual solvent at the time of peeling of the web on the metal support at the time of peeling is preferably 50 to 120% by mass depending on the strength of drying conditions, the length of the metal support, and the like. If the web is peeled off at a time when the amount of residual solvent is larger, if the web is too soft, the flatness at the time of peeling will be lost, and slippage and vertical stripes are likely to occur due to the peeling tension. The amount of solvent is determined.
- the peeling tension when peeling the metal support and the film is usually 196 to 245 N / m. If wrinkles easily occur during peeling, it is preferable to peel with a tension of 190 N / m or less, and further peel with a minimum tension that can be peeled up to 166.6 N / m, and then with a minimum tension of 137.2 N / m. Although it is preferable, it is particularly preferable to peel at a minimum tension of -100 N / m.
- the temperature at the peeling position on the metal support is preferably ⁇ 50 to 40 ° C., more preferably 10 to 40 ° C., and most preferably 15 to 30 ° C.
- Drying and stretching step In the drying and stretching step, after peeling, a drying device that transports the web alternately through a plurality of rolls arranged in the drying device, and / or a tenter that clips and transports both ends of the web with clips. This is a step of drying the web using a stretching device.
- the drying means is generally one that blows hot air on both sides of the web, but there is also a means for heating by applying microwaves instead of wind. Too rapid drying tends to impair the flatness of the resulting film. Drying at a high temperature is preferably performed from about 8% by mass or less of the residual solvent. Throughout, drying is generally performed at 40-250 ° C. In particular, drying at 40 to 160 ° C. is preferable.
- tenter stretching apparatus When using a tenter stretching apparatus, it is preferable to use an apparatus that can independently control the film gripping length (distance from the start of gripping to the end of gripping) left and right by the left and right gripping means of the tenter. In the tenter process, it is also preferable to intentionally create sections having different temperatures in order to improve planarity.
- the stretching operation may be performed in multiple stages, and it is also preferable to perform biaxial stretching in the casting direction and the width direction.
- biaxial stretching When biaxial stretching is performed, simultaneous biaxial stretching may be performed or may be performed stepwise.
- stepwise means that, for example, stretching in different stretching directions can be sequentially performed, stretching in the same direction is divided into multiple stages, and stretching in different directions is added to any one of the stages. Is also possible. That is, for example, the following stretching steps are possible.
- simultaneous biaxial stretching includes stretching in one direction and contracting the other while relaxing the tension.
- the preferred draw ratio of simultaneous biaxial stretching can be in the range of x1.01 to x1.5 times in both the width direction and the longitudinal direction.
- the amount of residual solvent of the web when stretching is preferably 20 to 100% by mass at the start of stretching, and drying is preferably performed while stretching until the amount of residual solvent of the web is 10% by mass or less. More preferably, it is 5% by mass or less.
- the drying temperature when stretching is preferably 30 to 160 ° C, more preferably 50 to 150 ° C, and most preferably 70 to 140 ° C.
- the temperature distribution in the width direction of the atmosphere is small from the viewpoint of improving the uniformity of the film, and the temperature distribution in the width direction in the stretching step is preferably within ⁇ 5 ° C, and within ⁇ 2 ° C. Is more preferable, and within ⁇ 1 ° C. is most preferable.
- Winding process is a process in which the amount of residual solvent in the web is 2% by mass or less and is wound as a film by a winder, and the amount of residual solvent is 0.4% by mass or less. Thus, a film having good dimensional stability can be obtained. It is particularly preferable to wind up at 0.00 to 0.10% by mass.
- a generally used one may be used, and there are a constant torque method, a constant tension method, a taper tension method, a program tension control method with a constant internal stress, etc., and these may be used properly.
- the protective film according to this embodiment is preferably a long film.
- the protective film has a thickness of about 100 m to 5000 m and is usually provided in a roll shape.
- the film width is preferably 1.3 to 4 m, more preferably 1.4 to 2 m.
- the composition containing a resin used for melt extrusion is usually preferably kneaded in advance and pelletized.
- Pelletization may be performed by a known method, for example, an additive consisting of a dried thermoplastic resin and a heat-shrinkable material is supplied to an extruder with a feeder, and kneaded using a single-screw or twin-screw extruder, It can be pelletized by extruding into a strand from a die, water cooling or air cooling, and cutting.
- an additive consisting of a dried thermoplastic resin and a heat-shrinkable material is supplied to an extruder with a feeder, and kneaded using a single-screw or twin-screw extruder, It can be pelletized by extruding into a strand from a die, water cooling or air cooling, and cutting.
- cellulose ester easily absorbs moisture, it is preferable to dry it at 70 to 140 ° C. for 3 hours or more with a dehumidifying hot air dryer or a vacuum dryer so that the moisture content is 200 ppm or less, and further 100 ppm or less.
- Additives may be mixed before being supplied to the extruder, or may be supplied by individual feeders. Moreover, in order to mix a small amount of additives, such as particle
- the antioxidant may be mixed with each other, and if necessary, the antioxidant may be dissolved in a solvent, impregnated with a thermoplastic resin and mixed, or mixed by spraying. May be.
- a vacuum nauter mixer or the like. Further, if the contact with air, such as the exit from the feeder unit or die, it is preferable that the atmosphere such as dehumidified air and dehumidified N 2 gas.
- the extruder is preferably processed at as low a temperature as possible so as to be able to be pelletized so that the shear force is suppressed and the resin does not deteriorate (molecular weight reduction, coloring, gel formation, etc.).
- a twin screw extruder it is preferable to rotate in the same direction using a deep groove type screw. From the uniformity of kneading, the meshing type is preferable.
- Film formation is performed using the pellets obtained as described above. It is also possible to feed the raw material powder directly to the extruder with a feeder and form a film as it is without pelletization.
- the pellets produced are extruded using a single-screw or twin-screw extruder, the melting temperature Tm during extrusion is set to about 200 to 300 ° C., filtered through a leaf disk type filter or the like to remove foreign matter, and then the T-die The film is coextruded into a film, solidified on a cooling roll, and cast while pressing with an elastic touch roll. Tm is the temperature of the die exit portion of the extruder.
- defects are also referred to as die lines, but in order to reduce surface defects such as die lines, it is preferable to have a structure in which the resin retention portion is minimized in the piping from the extruder to the die. . It is preferable to use a die that has as few scratches as possible inside the lip.
- the inner surface that comes into contact with the molten resin is preferably subjected to surface treatment that makes it difficult for the molten resin to adhere to the surface by reducing the surface roughness or using a material with low surface energy.
- a hard chrome plated or ceramic sprayed material is polished so that the surface roughness is 0.2 S or less.
- the cooling roll is not particularly limited, but may be a roll having a structure in which a heat medium or a cooling medium capable of temperature control flows through a highly rigid metal roll.
- the size of the cooling roll is not limited, it may be sufficient to cool the melt-extruded film, and the diameter of the cooling roll is usually about 100 mm to 1 m.
- the surface material of the cooling roll includes carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum, titanium and the like. Further, in order to increase the hardness of the surface or improve the releasability from the resin, it is preferable to perform a surface treatment such as hard chrome plating, nickel plating, amorphous chrome plating, or ceramic spraying.
- the surface roughness of the cooling roll surface is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or less in terms of Ra, and more preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or less.
- the smoother the roll surface the smoother the surface of the resulting film.
- the surface processed is further polished to have the above-described surface roughness.
- Examples of the elastic touch roll include JP-A-03-124425, JP-A-08-224772, JP-A-07-1000096, JP-A-10-272676, WO97 / 028950, JP-A-11-235747, JP-A-2002-2002. It is possible to use a silicon rubber roll whose surface is coated with a thin film metal as described in JP-A-36332, JP-A-2005-172940 and JP-A-2005-280217.
- the film base material of this embodiment can be comprised with a composite resin film.
- a method for producing a composite resin film it can be produced by a production method of an embodiment having a film forming step by a coextrusion method.
- a film having a laminated structure can also be produced by a coextrusion method.
- a film having a structure of skin layer / core layer / skin layer can be produced.
- the matting agent can be contained in the skin layer in a large amount or only in the skin layer.
- the plasticizer and the ultraviolet absorber can be contained in the core layer more than the skin layer, and may be contained only in the core layer.
- the type of plasticizer and ultraviolet absorber can be changed between the core layer and the skin layer.
- the skin layer contains a low-volatile plasticizer and / or an ultraviolet absorber, and the core layer has excellent plasticity.
- the glass transition temperature of the skin layer and the core layer may be different, and the glass transition temperature of the core layer is preferably lower than the glass transition temperature of the skin layer. At this time, the glass transition temperatures of both the skin and the core can be measured, and an average value calculated from these volume fractions can be defined as the glass transition temperature Tg and similarly handled. Also, the viscosity of the melt containing the cellulose ester during melt casting may be different between the skin layer and the core layer, and the viscosity of the skin layer> the viscosity of the core layer or the viscosity of the core layer ⁇ the viscosity of the skin layer may be used.
- the above-mentioned co-extrusion method uses a plurality of extruders to heat and melt the resin to be laminated from each other, and after the respective resins are merged, co-extrusion is performed from the slit-shaped discharge port of the T die.
- a feed block method in which the molten resin is joined and then the manifold is widened
- a multi-manifold method in which the molten resin is spread by the manifold and then joined together. Either of them can be used.
- the film substrate preferably contains an antioxidant as an additive.
- Preferred antioxidants are phosphorous or phenolic, and it is more preferred to combine phosphorous and phenolic simultaneously.
- the antioxidant that can be suitably used in the present embodiment will be described.
- a phenolic antioxidant is preferably used, and a hindered phenol compound is particularly preferably used.
- phosphorus antioxidant phosphorus compounds such as phosphite, phosphonite, phosphinite, or tertiary phosphane can be used.
- a conventionally known compound can be used as the phosphorus compound.
- the addition amount of the phosphorus compound is usually 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin.
- antioxidants Dilauryl-3,3′-thiodipropionate, dimyristyl-3,3′-thiodipropionate, distearyl-3,3′-thiodipropionate, pentaerythrityltetrakis (3-laurylthiopropionate) Nate) and other sulfur-based antioxidants, 2-tert-butyl-6- (3-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl) -4-methylphenyl acrylate, 2- [1- (2-hydroxy -3,5-di-tert-pentylphenyl) ethyl] -4,6-di-tert-pentylphenyl acrylate, a heat resistant processing stabilizer such as 3,4-dihydro-2H-1 described in JP-B-08-27508 -Benzopyran compounds, 3,3'-spirodichroman compounds, 1,1-spiroindane compounds, morpholine, thio
- the film substrate according to the present embodiment can contain various compounds as additives depending on the purpose.
- the acid scavenger preferably comprises an epoxy compound as an acid scavenger described in US Pat. No. 4,137,201.
- Epoxy compounds as such acid scavengers are known in the art and are derived by condensation of diglycidyl ethers of various polyglycols, particularly about 8-40 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of polyglycol.
- Metal glycol compounds such as polyglycols, diglycidyl ethers of glycerol (eg, those conventionally used in and together with vinyl chloride polymer compositions), epoxidized ether condensation products, bisphenol A Diglycidyl ethers (ie, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyldimethylmethane), epoxidized unsaturated fatty acid esters (especially esters of alkyls of about 2 to 2 carbon atoms of fatty acids of 2 to 22 carbon atoms (eg Butyl epoxy stealey ), And various epoxidized long chain fatty acid triglycerides, etc.
- polyglycols diglycidyl ethers of glycerol (eg, those conventionally used in and together with vinyl chloride polymer compositions), epoxidized ether condensation products, bisphenol A Diglycidyl ethers (ie, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyldimethylmethane), epoxidized
- epoxidized vegetable oils and other unsaturated natural oils which are sometimes epoxidized, which can be represented and exemplified by compositions such as epoxidized soybean oil
- these are referred to as natural glycerides or unsaturated fatty acids and these fatty acids generally contain 12 to 22 carbon atoms
- Light stabilizers include hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS) compounds, which are known compounds, such as US Pat. No. 4,619,956, columns 5-11 and US Pat. , 839, 405, as described in columns 3 to 5, including 2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidine compounds, or acid addition salts thereof, or complexes of these with metal compounds It is. Furthermore, the light stabilizer described in JP 2007-63311 A can be used.
- HALS hindered amine light stabilizer
- UV absorber from the viewpoint of preventing deterioration due to ultraviolet rays, those having excellent absorption ability of ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 370 nm or less and those having little absorption of visible light having a wavelength of 400 nm or more are preferable from the viewpoint of liquid crystal display properties.
- examples include oxybenzophenone compounds, benzotriazole compounds, salicylic acid ester compounds, benzophenone compounds, cyanoacrylate compounds, nickel complex compounds, etc., but benzophenone compounds and less colored benzotriazole compounds preferable.
- ultraviolet absorbers described in JP-A-10-182621 and JP-A-8-337574, and polymer ultraviolet absorbers described in JP-A-6-148430 may be used.
- the ultraviolet absorber in an amount of 0.1 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 10% by mass, and further preferably 1 to 5% by mass. Two or more of these may be used in combination.
- Fine particles such as a matting agent can be added to the film substrate of the present embodiment, and examples of the fine particles include inorganic compound fine particles and organic compound fine particles.
- the fine particles include inorganic fine particles such as silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, calcium carbonate, kaolin, talc, calcined calcium silicate, hydrated calcium silicate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, and calcium phosphate.
- Crosslinked polymer fine particles can be mentioned.
- silicon dioxide is preferable because it can reduce the haze of the resin substrate.
- fine particles such as silicon dioxide are surface-treated with an organic material, but such particles are preferable because they can reduce the haze of the resin substrate.
- a plasticizer can be used in combination with the cellulose ester film in order to improve moisture permeability, fluidity of the composition, and flexibility of the film.
- the plasticizer include phthalate esters, fatty acid esters, trimellitic esters, phosphate esters, polyesters, sugar esters, acrylic polymers, and the like. Among these, from the viewpoint of moisture permeability, polyester-based and sugar ester-based polymer plasticizers are preferably used.
- plasticizers are preferably added in an amount of 0.5 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cellulose ester film.
- a hard coat layer may be formed on the surface of the surface protective film (film substrate 4a) for the purpose of surface protection.
- the hard coat layer is preferably composed of, for example, an active energy ray curable resin.
- the active energy ray-curable resin refers to a resin that cures through a crosslinking reaction or the like by irradiation with active rays such as ultraviolet rays or electron beams, and specifically, a resin having an ethylenically unsaturated group. More specifically, an ultraviolet curable urethane acrylate resin, an ultraviolet curable polyester acrylate resin, an ultraviolet curable epoxy acrylate resin, an ultraviolet curable polyol acrylate resin, an ultraviolet curable epoxy resin, or the like is preferably used. Of these, ultraviolet curable acrylate resins are preferred.
- polyfunctional acrylate is preferable.
- the polyfunctional acrylate is preferably selected from the group consisting of pentaerythritol polyfunctional acrylate, dipentaerythritol polyfunctional acrylate, pentaerythritol polyfunctional methacrylate, and dipentaerythritol polyfunctional methacrylate.
- the polyfunctional acrylate is a compound having two or more acryloyloxy groups or methacryloyloxy groups in the molecule.
- the compounding amount of the active energy ray-curable resin in the hard coat layer composition is usually 10 to 99 parts by mass, preferably 35 to 99 parts by mass, when the total composition is 100 parts by mass.
- the blending amount of the active energy ray-curable resin is small, it is difficult to sufficiently obtain the film strength of the hard coat layer.
- malfunctions such as a film thickness uniformity at the time of apply
- the hard coat layer may further contain a cationically polymerizable compound.
- the cationically polymerizable compound is a resin that undergoes cationic polymerization by energy active ray irradiation or heat.
- Specific examples include an epoxy group, a cyclic ether group, a cyclic acetal group, a cyclic lactone group, a cyclic thioether group, a spiro orthoester compound, and a vinyloxo group.
- a compound having a functional group such as an epoxy group or a vinyl ether group is preferably used in this embodiment.
- the compounding amount of the cationic polymerizable compound in the hard coat layer composition is usually 1 to 90 parts by weight when the entire composition is 100 parts by weight.
- the amount is preferably 1 to 50 parts by mass.
- the hard coat layer may contain fine particles.
- the fine particles include inorganic fine particles and organic fine particles.
- polymethacrylic acid methyl acrylate resin powder acrylic styrene resin powder, polymethyl methacrylate resin powder, silicon resin powder, polystyrene resin powder, polycarbonate resin powder, benzoguanamine resin powder, melamine resin powder
- examples thereof include polyolefin resin powder, polyester resin powder, polyamide resin powder, polyimide resin powder, and polyfluorinated ethylene resin powder.
- the average particle diameter of these fine particles is preferably 30 nm to 200 nm in view of the stability and clearness of the hard coat layer coating composition.
- the hard coat layer may contain two or more kinds of fine particles having different particle sizes. From the viewpoint of easily achieving the desired pencil hardness, the hard coat layer preferably contains silica fine particles.
- the hard coat layer contains reactive silica fine particles (Xa) surface-treated with an organic compound having a polymerizable unsaturated group.
- the hard coat layer preferably further contains a photopolymerization initiator in order to accelerate the curing of the active energy ray-curable resin.
- the photopolymerization initiator examples include alkylphenone series, acetophenone, benzophenone, hydroxybenzophenone, Michler's ketone, ⁇ -amyloxime ester, thioxanthone, and derivatives thereof, but are not particularly limited thereto. It is not a thing.
- Commercially available products may be used, and preferred examples include Irgacure 184, Irgacure 907, and Irgacure 651 manufactured by BASF Japan.
- the hard coat layer may contain an ultraviolet absorber similar to the above-described ultraviolet absorber.
- the hard coat layer is composed of two or more layers, and the hard coat layer in contact with the film substrate contains an ultraviolet absorber, so that the objective effect of the present embodiment is satisfactorily exhibited, and the hard coat layer
- the film strength (abrasion resistance) and the pencil hardness are preferred from the viewpoint of obtaining good results.
- the thickness of the hard coat layer in contact with the film substrate is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 2 ⁇ m.
- Two or more layers may be formed as a simultaneous multilayer.
- the simultaneous multi-layering is to form a hard coat layer by applying two or more hard coat layers on a base material without going through a drying step.
- the layers are stacked one after another with an extrusion coater or simultaneously with a slot die having a plurality of slits. Can be done.
- a hard coat layer coating composition diluted with a solvent that swells or partially dissolves a cellulose ester film is applied, dried and cured on the cellulose ester film by the following method.
- the method of providing is preferable from the viewpoint that interlayer adhesion between the hard coat layer and the cellulose ester film is easily obtained.
- a solvent containing a ketone and / or an acetate ester is preferable.
- the ketone include methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, and cyclohexanone.
- the acetate ester include ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, and butyl acetate.
- the hard coat layer coating composition may contain an alcohol solvent as the other solvent.
- the coating amount of the hard coat layer coating composition is preferably 0.1 to 40 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 to 30 ⁇ m as a wet film thickness.
- the dry film thickness is preferably about 5 to 20 ⁇ m, preferably 7 to 12 ⁇ m.
- the hard coat layer is a gravure coater, a dip coater, a reverse coater, a wire bar coater, a die (extrusion) coater, a hard coat coating composition that forms a hard coat layer is applied using a known coating method such as an inkjet method, After application, the film can be dried, irradiated with actinic radiation (also referred to as UV curing treatment), and further subjected to heat treatment after UV curing as necessary.
- the heat treatment temperature after UV curing is preferably 80 ° C. or higher, more preferably 100 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably 120 ° C. or higher. By performing the heat treatment after UV curing at such a high temperature, the mechanical strength (rubbing resistance, pencil hardness) of the hard coat layer becomes better.
- ⁇ Functional layer> In the hard coat film of this embodiment, functional layers such as a back coat layer, an antireflection layer and an antiglare layer can be provided in addition to the above hard coat layer.
- a back coat layer may be provided on the surface opposite to the side on which the hard coat layer is provided in order to prevent curling and blocking.
- the back coat layer includes silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium carbonate, talc, clay, calcined kaolin, calcined calcium silicate, tin oxide, indium oxide, Particles such as zinc oxide, ITO, hydrated calcium silicate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate and calcium phosphate can be added.
- the particles contained in the backcoat layer are preferably 0.1 to 50% by mass with respect to the binder.
- the increase in haze is preferably 0.5% or less, and particularly preferably 0.1% or less.
- the binder a cellulose ester resin is preferable.
- the coating composition for forming the backcoat layer preferably contains a solvent for alcohols, ketones and / or acetate ester sugars.
- the hard coat film of the present embodiment can also be used as an antireflection film having an external light antireflection function by coating an antireflection layer on the hard coat layer.
- the antireflection layer is preferably laminated in consideration of the refractive index, the film thickness, the number of layers, the layer order, and the like so that the reflectance is reduced by optical interference.
- the antireflection layer is composed of a low refractive index layer having a refractive index lower than that of the film substrate as a support, or a combination of a high refractive index layer having a refractive index higher than that of the support and a low refractive index layer. Is preferred.
- it is an antireflection layer composed of three or more refractive index layers, and three layers having different refractive indexes from the support side are divided into medium refractive index layers (high refractive index layers having a higher refractive index than the support).
- an antireflection layer having a layer structure of four or more layers in which two or more high refractive index layers and two or more low refractive index layers are alternately laminated is also preferably used.
- the layer structure of a film having an antireflection layer the following structure is conceivable, but is not limited thereto.
- Cellulose acetate film / hard coat layer / low refractive index layer Cellulose acetate film / hard coat layer / medium refractive index layer / low refractive index layer Cellulose acetate film / hard coat layer / medium refractive index layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index Layer Cellulose acetate film / hard coat layer / high refractive index layer (conductive layer) / low refractive index layer Cellulose acetate film / hard coat layer / antiglare layer / low refractive index layer
- the low refractive index layer preferably contains silica-based fine particles, and the refractive index is preferably in the range of 1.30 to 1.45 when measured at 23 ° C. and wavelength of 550 nm.
- the film thickness of the low refractive index layer is preferably 5 nm to 0.5 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 nm to 0.3 ⁇ m, and most preferably 30 nm to 0.2 ⁇ m.
- the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is preferably adjusted to a range of 1.4 to 2.2 by measuring at 23 ° C. and a wavelength of 550 nm.
- the thickness of the high refractive index layer is preferably 5 nm to 1 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 nm to 0.2 ⁇ m, and most preferably 30 nm to 0.1 ⁇ m.
- the refractive index can be adjusted by adding metal oxide fine particles and the like.
- the metal oxide fine particles to be used preferably have a refractive index of 1.80 to 2.60, more preferably 1.85 to 2.50.
- an antiglare layer can be provided as a functional layer.
- the antiglare layer reduces the visibility of the reflected image by blurring the outline of the image reflected on the film surface, so that the reflected image is reflected when using an image display device such as a liquid crystal display, an organic EL display, or a plasma display. It is a layer that keeps you from worrying.
- the antiglare layer has an arithmetic average roughness Ra of 0.1 to 0.1 on the surface of the layer by adding fine particles or the like to the hard coat layer and pressing the mold to form protrusions on the surface. A layer adjusted to 1 ⁇ m is preferable.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive constituting the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (corresponding to the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 30 in FIG. 1) used when bonding the touch panel to the display device is not particularly limited, and a known pressure-sensitive adhesive can be used.
- a known pressure-sensitive adhesive can be used.
- an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive Silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives, urethane-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, polyester-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, and the like can be used, and acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives that are relatively easy to control adhesive strength and storage elastic modulus are particularly preferable.
- Acrylic adhesives include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, n-hexyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic 1 or 2 or more kinds of alkyl esters of 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as 2-ethylbutyl acid, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, isooctyl (meth) acrylate, decyl (meth) acrylate, and the alkyl acrylate Copolymerization with functional monomers such as (meth) acrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, and 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate that can be copolymerized with esters Combined with isocyanate crosslinker, epoxy crosslinker, aziridine crosslinker, metal
- the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is preferably 1 ⁇ m to 13 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 1 ⁇ m or more, sufficient adhesive strength can be obtained, and when the thickness is 13 ⁇ m or less, it is possible to suppress the protrusion of glue during punching or cutting, and high pencil hardness is maintained.
- a preferable thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 3 to 12 ⁇ m.
- the storage elastic modulus of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 6 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 8 Pa.
- the storage elastic modulus of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 1.0 ⁇ 10 6 Pa or more, sufficient punching processability, cutting processability and high pencil hardness are obtained, and when it is 1.0 ⁇ 10 8 Pa or less, sufficient adhesiveness is obtained. Power is obtained.
- a preferable storage elastic modulus of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 1.5 ⁇ 10 6 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 7 Pa.
- Examples of the method of providing the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on the film include a method of laminating the film on the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer prepared by applying the pressure-sensitive adhesive-containing composition to the release sheet and drying it.
- Examples of the method for applying the pressure-sensitive adhesive-containing composition include conventionally known methods such as bar coating, knife coating, roll coating, blade coating, die coating, gravure coating, and curtain coating.
- the release sheet is typically composed of a base sheet having peelability on the surface.
- the base sheet include films such as polyester resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polystyrene resin, and polycarbonate resin, films in which fillers such as fillers are blended with these films, and synthetic paper.
- paper base materials such as glassine paper, clay coat paper, and quality paper, are mentioned.
- a release agent such as a thermosetting silicone resin or an ultraviolet curable silicone resin may be attached to the surface by coating or the like.
- the coating amount of the release agent is preferably 0.03 to 3.0 g / m 2 .
- the release sheet is laminated with the surface having the release agent in contact with the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- the scattering prevention film 25 is provided on the electrode layer (electrode pattern 22) in order to prevent the glass substrate 21 from scattering due to an external impact or the like.
- the scattering prevention film 25 is composed of a cellulose ester film having a thickness of 20 to 66 ⁇ m.
- Examples of the cellulose ester resin that can be used for the scattering prevention film 25 include cellulose ester resins that can be used for the protective film (film substrate 4a) described above.
- a film having a retardation Ro in the in-plane direction of 0 nm to 10 nm can be preferably used.
- a film having a retardation Ro in the in-plane direction of 0 nm to 10 nm is used, a cellulose ester having a total acyl substitution degree of 2.6 or more is preferably used, and a cellulose acetate having a total acyl substitution degree of 2.6 or more (cellulose) Triacetate) is more preferably used.
- the cellulose ester film of the scattering prevention film 25 a film having a retardation Ro in the in-plane direction of 30 nm to 200 nm is used, and the slow axis of the scattering prevention film is 10 to 80 with respect to the transmission axis of the polarizer 3. It is preferable that they are arranged in the direction of °. With such a configuration, the linearly polarized light transmitted through the polarizer 3 can be changed to elliptically polarized light or circularly polarized light, so that the visibility when viewing the display device 10 with polarized sunglasses can be improved. .
- a cellulose ester having a total acyl substitution degree of less than 2.6 is preferably used, and cellulose acetate (cellulose diacetate) having a total acyl substitution degree of less than 2.6 is preferably used. More preferably used.
- the conductive layer (corresponding to the conductive layer 26 in FIG. 1) as an electromagnetic wave shielding layer formed on the scattering prevention film contains at least a conductive substance, and contains a binder, a photosensitive compound, and other components as necessary. It is desirable to contain.
- solid structure fibers may be referred to as wires
- hollow structure fibers may be referred to as tubes.
- conductive fibers having an average minor axis length of 5 nm to 1,000 nm and an average major axis length of 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m may be referred to as “nanowires”.
- a conductive fiber having an average minor axis length of 1 nm to 1,000 nm and an average major axis length of 0.1 ⁇ m to 1,000 ⁇ m and having a hollow structure may be referred to as “nanotube”.
- the material of the conductive substance is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, but is preferably at least one of metal and carbon.
- the conductive fibers are preferably at least one of metal nanowires, metal nanotubes, and carbon nanotubes.
- a material of metal nanowire there is no restriction
- at least one metal selected from the group consisting of the fourth period, the fifth period, and the sixth period of the Long Periodic Table (IUPAC 1991) is preferred, and at least one kind selected from Group 2 to Group 14 is preferred.
- Metal is more preferable, and at least one metal selected from Group 2, Group 8, Group 9, Group 10, Group 11, Group 12, Group 13, and Group 14 is more preferable. It is particularly preferable to include it as a component.
- the metal examples include copper, silver, gold, platinum, palladium, nickel, tin, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, iron, ruthenium, osmium, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, niobium, tantel, titanium, bismuth, antimony, and lead. Or alloys thereof. Among these, silver and an alloy with silver are preferable in terms of excellent conductivity.
- Examples of the metal used in the alloy with silver include platinum, osmium, palladium, iridium and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a shape of metal nanowire there is no restriction
- it can take an arbitrary shape such as a columnar shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, or a columnar shape having a polygonal cross section.
- a cylindrical shape or a cross-sectional shape with rounded polygonal corners is preferable.
- the cross-sectional shape of the metal nanowire can be examined by applying a metal nanowire aqueous dispersion on the substrate and observing the cross-section with a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- the average minor axis length (sometimes referred to as “average minor axis diameter” or “average diameter”) of the metal nanowires is preferably 1 nm to 50 nm.
- the average minor axis length is more preferably 10 nm to 40 nm, and further preferably 15 nm to 35 nm.
- the average minor axis length of the metal nanowires was determined by observing 300 metal nanowires using a transmission electron microscope (TEM; manufactured by JEOL Ltd., JEM-2000FX) and calculating the average of the metal nanowires from the average value. Find the minor axis length. In addition, the shortest axis length when the short axis of the metal nanowire is not circular is the longest axis.
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- the average major axis length of the metal nanowire (sometimes referred to as “average length”) is preferably 1 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m. If the average major axis length is less than 1 ⁇ m, it may be difficult to form a dense network and sufficient conductivity may not be obtained. If it exceeds 40 ⁇ m, the metal nanowires are too long and manufactured. Sometimes entangled and agglomerates may occur during the manufacturing process.
- the average major axis length is more preferably 3 ⁇ m to 35 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 5 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- the average major axis length of the metal nanowire is, for example, observed with 300 metal nanowires using a transmission electron microscope (TEM; manufactured by JEOL Ltd., JEM-2000FX). Find the average major axis length.
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- JEM-2000FX a transmission electron microscope
- Examples of the method for producing metal nanowires include, for example, JP 2009-215594 A, JP 2009-242880 A, JP 2009-299162 A, JP 2010-84173 A, and JP 2010-86714 A.
- the described method can be used.
- the method for producing the metal nanowire is not particularly limited and may be produced by any method. By reducing metal ions while heating in a solvent in which a halogen compound and a dispersion additive are dissolved as follows, It is preferable to manufacture.
- a material of a metal nanotube What kind of metal may be sufficient,
- the material of the above-mentioned metal nanowire etc. can be used.
- the shape of the metal nanotube may be a single layer or a multilayer, but is preferably a single layer from the viewpoint of excellent conductivity and thermal conductivity.
- the thickness of the metal nanotube (difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter) is preferably 3 nm to 80 nm. When the thickness is less than 3 nm, the oxidation resistance may be deteriorated and the durability may be deteriorated. When the thickness is more than 80 nm, scattering due to the metal nanotube may occur. The thickness is more preferably 3 nm to 30 nm.
- the average long axis length of the metal nanotube is preferably 1 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 ⁇ m to 35 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 5 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- the method for producing the metal nanotube is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- the method described in US Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0056118 and the like can be used.
- a carbon nanotube is a substance in which a graphite-like carbon atomic surface (graphene sheet) is a single-layer or multilayer coaxial tube.
- Single-walled carbon nanotubes are called single-walled nanotubes (SWNT)
- multi-walled carbon nanotubes are called multi-walled nanotubes (MWNT)
- MWNT multi-walled nanotubes
- DWNT double-walled carbon nanotubes
- the carbon nanotube may be a single layer or a multilayer, but is preferably a single layer in terms of excellent conductivity and thermal conductivity.
- the method for producing the carbon nanotube is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- catalytic hydrogen reduction of carbon dioxide arc discharge method, laser evaporation method, thermal CVD method, plasma CVD method, vapor phase growth method, HiPco in which carbon monoxide is reacted with iron catalyst at high temperature and high pressure to grow in the vapor phase
- Known means such as a high-pressure carbon monoxide process can be used.
- the carbon nanotubes obtained by these methods have been highly purified to remove residues such as by-products and catalytic metals by methods such as washing, centrifugation, filtration, oxidation, and chromatography. It is preferable at the point which can obtain a carbon nanotube.
- the aspect ratio of the conductive fiber is preferably 10 or more.
- the aspect ratio generally means the ratio between the long side and the short side of the fibrous material (ratio of average major axis length / average minor axis length).
- the aspect ratio measurement method is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include a method of measuring with an electron microscope.
- the aspect ratio of the conductive fiber When measuring the aspect ratio of the conductive fiber with an electron microscope, it is only necessary to confirm whether the aspect ratio of the conductive fiber is 10 or more with one field of view of the electron microscope. Moreover, the aspect ratio of the whole conductive fiber can be estimated by measuring the major axis length and the minor axis length of the conductive fiber separately.
- the outer diameter of the tube is used as the diameter for calculating the aspect ratio.
- the aspect ratio of the conductive fiber is not particularly limited as long as it is 10 or more, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, but is preferably 50 to 1,000,000. When the aspect ratio is less than 10, network formation with conductive fibers may not be performed, and sufficient conductivity may not be obtained. When the aspect ratio exceeds 1,000,000, the conductive fibers may be formed or in subsequent handling. Since the conductive fibers are entangled and aggregate before film formation, a stable liquid may not be obtained.
- the aspect ratio is more preferably 100 to 1,000,000.
- the ratio (ratio) of the conductive fibers having an aspect ratio of 10 or more in the total conductive composition is preferably 50% or more by volume ratio. If the ratio is less than 50%, the conductive material that contributes to conductivity may decrease and conductivity may decrease. At the same time, a dense network cannot be formed, resulting in voltage concentration and durability. May fall. In addition, particles having a shape other than conductive fibers do not contribute greatly to conductivity and have absorption, which is not preferable. Especially in the case of metal, when plasmon absorption such as a sphere is strong, the transparency is deteriorated. It may end up.
- the ratio is more preferably 60% or more, and particularly preferably 75% or more.
- the ratio is, for example, when the conductive fiber is silver nanowire, the silver nanowire aqueous dispersion is filtered to separate the silver nanowire and the other particles, and the ICP emission analysis
- the ratio of conductive fibers can be determined.
- the conductive fibers remaining on the filter paper with a TEM, observing the short axis lengths of 300 conductive fibers and examining their distribution, the short axis length is 200 nm or less and the long axis length is It confirms that it is an electroconductive fiber whose length is 1 micrometer or more.
- the filter paper measures the longest axis of particles other than the conductive fibers of the above size, and passes particles having a length not less than twice the longest axis and not more than the shortest length of the long axis of the conductive fibers. It is preferable to use one.
- the average minor axis length and the average major axis length of the conductive fiber can be obtained by observing a TEM image or an optical microscope image using, for example, a transmission electron microscope (TEM) or an optical microscope. it can.
- the average minor axis length and the average major axis length of the conductive fibers are obtained by observing 300 conductive fibers with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and calculating the average value.
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- the binder for immobilizing the conductive fiber is an organic polymer, and promotes at least one alkali solubility in a molecule (preferably a molecule having an acrylic copolymer as a main chain). It can be appropriately selected from alkali-soluble resins having a group (for example, carboxyl group, phosphoric acid group, sulfonic acid group, etc.).
- an acid dissociable group represents the functional group which can dissociate in presence of an acid.
- a known radical polymerization method For the production of the binder, for example, a known radical polymerization method can be applied. Polymerization conditions such as temperature, pressure, type and amount of radical initiator, type of solvent, etc. when producing an alkali-soluble resin by the above radical polymerization method can be easily set by those skilled in the art, and the conditions are determined experimentally. Can be determined.
- linear organic polymer a polymer having a carboxylic acid in the side chain (photosensitive resin having an acidic group) is preferable.
- Examples of the polymer having a carboxylic acid in the side chain include, for example, JP-A-59-44615, JP-B-54-34327, JP-B-58-12777, JP-B-54-25957, JP-A-59-53836, A methacrylic acid copolymer, an acrylic acid copolymer, an itaconic acid copolymer, a crotonic acid copolymer, a maleic acid copolymer, and a partial esterification as described in each publication of Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 59-71048.
- a maleic acid copolymer, etc., an acidic cellulose derivative having a carboxylic acid in the side chain, an acid anhydride added to a polymer having a hydroxyl group, and a polymer weight having a (meth) acryloyl group in the side chain Coalescence is also preferred.
- benzyl (meth) acrylate / (meth) acrylic acid copolymers and multi-component copolymers composed of benzyl (meth) acrylate / (meth) acrylic acid / other monomers are particularly preferable.
- a high molecular polymer having a (meth) acryloyl group in the side chain and a multi-component copolymer composed of (meth) acrylic acid / glycidyl (meth) acrylate / other monomers are also useful.
- the polymer can be used by mixing in an arbitrary amount.
- 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate / polystyrene macromonomer / benzyl methacrylate / methacrylic acid copolymer 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl acrylate / polymethyl described in JP-A-7-140654 Methacrylate macromonomer / benzyl methacrylate / methacrylic acid copolymer, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate / polystyrene macromonomer / methyl methacrylate / methacrylic acid copolymer, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate / polystyrene macromonomer / benzyl methacrylate / methacrylic acid copolymer Coalescence, etc.
- conductive polymer for example, polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT: PSS (Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): Poly (styrenesulfonate)) containing polystyrenesulfonic acid can be used.
- PEDOT PSS (Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): Poly (styrenesulfonate)
- an ITO film having a thickness of 20 nm was formed on a (strengthened) glass substrate by a sputtering method, and this was etched to form a first electrode pattern extending in the X direction.
- an interlayer insulating film made of SiO 2 having a thickness of 200 nm was formed on the first electrode pattern by a sputtering method.
- Ag paste was applied to the first electrode pattern and sintered, and the first electrode pattern and the control circuit were connected via lead wires.
- the conductive film was bonded onto the first electrode pattern (on the interlayer insulating film) via an adhesive layer to produce a touch panel module.
- an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive was used as the pressure-sensitive adhesive constituting the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- cellulose ester film A-1 ⁇ Cellulose ester resin>
- the cellulose ester resin CE-1 is as follows.
- CE-1 cellulose triacetate (acetyl group substitution degree: 2.91, weight average molecular weight Mw: 300,000)
- ⁇ Fine particle dispersion 1 Silica fine particles (Aerosil R972V manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) 11 parts by mass Ethanol 89 parts by mass The above was stirred and mixed with a dissolver for 50 minutes, and then dispersed with Manton Gorin.
- Fine particle addition liquid 1 The fine particle dispersion 1 was slowly added to the dissolution tank containing methylene chloride with sufficient stirring. Further, the particles were dispersed by an attritor so that the secondary particles had a predetermined particle size. This was filtered through Finemet NF manufactured by Nippon Seisen Co., Ltd. to prepare a fine particle additive solution 1. 99 parts by mass of methylene chloride 5 parts by mass of fine particle dispersion 1
- a main dope A having the following composition was prepared. First, methylene chloride and ethanol were added to the pressure dissolution tank. Next, cellulose acetate was added to the pressurized dissolution tank containing the solvent while stirring. This was completely dissolved with heating and stirring. This was designated as Azumi Filter Paper No.
- the main dope A was prepared by filtration using 244. Methylene chloride 340 parts by mass Ethanol 64 parts by mass CE-1 (cellulose triacetate) 100 parts by mass Polyester compound 6 parts by mass Sugar ester compound 6 parts by mass Particulate additive solution 1 1 part by mass A dope was prepared. Then, using an endless belt casting apparatus, the dope was cast uniformly on a stainless steel belt support at a temperature of 33 ° C. and a width of 1500 mm. The temperature of the stainless steel belt was controlled at 30 ° C.
- the solvent was evaporated on the stainless steel belt support until the amount of residual solvent in the cast (cast) film became 75%, and then peeled off from the stainless steel belt support with a peeling tension of 130 N / m.
- the peeled cellulose ester film was stretched 10% in the width direction using a tenter while applying heat at 160 ° C. The residual solvent at the start of stretching was 15%.
- drying was terminated while the drying zone was conveyed by a number of rolls.
- the drying temperature was 130 ° C. and the transport tension was 100 N / m.
- the film was slit to a width of 1.5 m, a knurling process with a width of 10 mm and a height of 10 ⁇ m was applied to both ends of the film, and wound into a roll to obtain a cellulose ester film A-1 having a dry film thickness of 40 ⁇ m.
- the winding length was 5200 m.
- the retardation in the in-plane direction was 2 nm.
- the retardation Ro was measured using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (Oji Scientific Instruments).
- the retardation Ro (nm) in the in-plane direction of the film is obtained by the following equation.
- Ro (nx ⁇ ny) ⁇ d
- d is the thickness (nm) of the film
- nx is the refractive index in the slow axis direction
- ny is the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the slow axis in the film plane.
- the product is diluted with methylene chloride, washed with water, acidified with hydrochloric acid and washed with water.
- the methylene chloride phase is concentrated and dehydrated.
- a solution having a polycarbonate concentration of 20% was obtained.
- the polycarbonate (copolymer A) obtained by removing the solvent from this solution had a molar ratio of biscresol fluorene to bisphenol A of 70:30 (polymer yield 97%).
- This polymer had an intrinsic viscosity of 0.674 and a glass transition temperature Tg of 226 ° C.
- PC film A-6 having a width of 1.5 m and a dry film thickness of 80 ⁇ m.
- the winding length was 5200 m.
- the retardation of PC film A-6 was measured by the same measurement method as described above, and as a result, retardation Ro was 500 nm.
- COP1 had a weight average molecular weight of 142,000 and a glass transition temperature of 140 ° C.
- the polymer resin COP1 having an alicyclic structure synthesized above is dried for 2 hours at 70 ° C. using a hot air dryer in which air is circulated to remove moisture, and then resin melt kneaded with a 65 mm ⁇ screw
- a COP film having a film thickness of 100 ⁇ m was extruded using a T-die film melt extrusion molding machine (T-die width 500 mm) having a machine under molding conditions of a molten resin temperature of 240 ° C. and a T-die temperature of 240 ° C.
- the peeled COP film was stretched 90% in the width direction using a tenter while applying heat at 200 ° C.
- drying was completed while the drying zone was conveyed by a number of rollers.
- the drying temperature was 130 ° C. and the transport tension was 100 N / m.
- After drying it was slit into a width of 1.5 m, a knurling process having a width of 10 mm and a height of 10 ⁇ m was applied to both ends of the film, and wound into a roll to obtain a COP film A-7 having a dry film thickness of 100 ⁇ m.
- the winding length was 5000 m.
- the retardation of the COP film A-7 was measured by the same measurement method as described above, and as a result, the retardation Ro was 0 nm.
- the intrinsic viscosity was calculated by the following procedure using an Ubbelohde viscometer. Using a mixed solvent of phenol and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane having a mass ratio of about 55:45 (adjusted to a flow time of 42.0 ⁇ 0.1 seconds), the sample was dissolved to a concentration of 0.2 , 0.6, 1.0 (g / dl) solution (temperature 20 ° C.). Using an Ubbelohde viscometer, the specific viscosity ( ⁇ sp) at each concentration (C) was determined, and the equation [ ⁇ sp / C] was extrapolated to a concentration of zero (C ⁇ 0) to determine the intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ]. The unit of intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] is dl / g.
- the polyester A pellets were vacuum-dried at 150 ° C. for 8 hours, melt-extruded at 285 ° C. using an extruder, closely adhered to a 30 ° C. cooling drum while electrostatically applied, and cooled and solidified to obtain an unstretched sheet. It was. This unstretched sheet was stretched 2.0 times in the longitudinal direction at 90 ° C. using a roller-type longitudinal stretching machine. The temperature difference between the front and back surfaces was within 5 ° C.
- the obtained uniaxially stretched film was stretched 1.2 times in the transverse direction at 100 ° C. using a tenter-type transverse stretching machine.
- heat treatment was performed at 70 ° C. for 2 seconds, heat-fixed at 150 ° C. for the first heat setting zone for 10 seconds, heat-setting at the second heat setting zone at 180 ° C. for 15 seconds, and then 2% in the width direction at 160 ° C.
- the PET film A-8 having a width of 1.5 m and a dry film thickness of 100 ⁇ m was produced after being relaxed and wound up. The winding length was 5000 m.
- the retardation of the PET film A-8 was measured by the same measurement method as described above. As a result, the retardation Ro was 3000 nm.
- the cellulose ester film, COP film, PC film, and PET film produced above were used as the anti-scattering film for the conductive film.
- the hard coat layer composition is filtered through a polypropylene filter having a pore size of 0.4 ⁇ m using a micro gravure coater. Applied. Then, after drying at a constant rate drying zone temperature of 95 ° C. and a reduced rate drying zone temperature of 95 ° C., an ultraviolet lamp is used, the illuminance of the irradiated part is 100 mW / cm 2 , and the irradiation amount is 0.1 J / cm 2. Was cured to form a hard coat layer having a dry film thickness of 3 ⁇ m. And the film after formation was wound up and it was set as the roll-shaped hard coat film. The hard coat layer was produced only when an ITO conductive film described later was formed as the conductive layer.
- Silver nanowires were obtained by the method disclosed in Example 1 (synthesis of silver nanowires) in JP-T-2009-505358. That is, silver nanowires were synthesized by reduction of silver sulfate dissolved in ethylene glycol in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Note that the method of reducing metal ions and precipitating nano-sized metal particles by the reducing power of polyol (polyhydric alcohol) is also called a polyol method.
- a silver nanowire-dispersed coating liquid was obtained by the method disclosed in Example 8 (nanowire dispersion) of JP-T 2009-505358. That is, about 0.08% wt. HPMC (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), about 0.36% wt. Silver nanowire, about 0.005% wt. Zonyl® FSO-100, and about 99.555% wt. Were mixed to obtain a silver nanowire-dispersed coating solution.
- This silver nanowire dispersion coating liquid was applied onto a cellulose ester film using a bar coater manufactured by Matsuo Sangyo Co., Ltd. and dried at 120 ° C. for 2 minutes to provide a silver nanowire coating film.
- Copper nanowires were produced by the method described in JP-A-2002-266007. That is, 0.1 mmol of double-headed peptide lipid is placed in a sample bottle, and 100 ml of distilled water containing 8.0 mg (0.20 mmol) of double equivalent sodium hydroxide is added thereto, followed by ultrasonic irradiation (bath type). Thus, the double-headed peptide lipid was dissolved. This aqueous solution was kept at room temperature while stirring vigorously on a hot stirrer, and 1 ml of 0.1 mol / liter copper (II) acetate was added thereto. As a result, the solution gradually became cloudy and a blue colloidal dispersion was formed.
- II 0.1 mol / liter copper
- this blue colloidal dispersion was stirred at room temperature in the air, and 100 ml (0.5 mmol) of 5 mmol / liter sodium borohydride aqueous solution was added.
- the solution immediately turned dark brown and a dark gray flocculent precipitate formed after approximately 6 hours.
- the cotton-like precipitate was observed with a transmission electron microscope, and the spherical structure having a diameter of several tens to several hundreds of nanometers and the formation of copper nanowires were confirmed. From the transmission electron micrograph, it was found that the average diameter of the copper nanowires was 10 to 20 nm and the average length was 1 to 10 ⁇ m or more.
- the polarizing plate is produced by bonding a surface protective film to one surface of a polarizing film as a polarizer and bonding a back surface protective film to the other surface. First, preparation of a surface protective film and a back surface protective film will be described.
- Acrylic film B-6 was produced by the following method.
- the acrylic film B-6 did not contain a plasticizer.
- the prepared acrylic resin was dried with a vacuum dryer at 90 ° C. to a water content of 0.03% or less, and then a stabilizer (Irganox 1010 (manufactured by Ciba-Gigi Co., Ltd.)) was added in an amount of 0.3% by weight.
- a stabilizer Irganox 1010 (manufactured by Ciba-Gigi Co., Ltd.)
- a nitrogen stream at 230 ° C. a biaxial kneading extruder with a vent was used to form an extruded strand in water and then cut to obtain pellets having a diameter of 3 mm and a length of 5 mm.
- pellets are dried in a vacuum dryer at 90 ° C. to a water content of 0.03% or less, and then kneaded at a supply unit 210 ° C., a compression unit 230 ° C., and a weighing unit 230 ° C. using a single-screw kneading extruder. And extruded from a hanger coat die. At this time, a 300-mesh screen filter, a gear pump, and a leaf disk filter with a filtration accuracy of 7 ⁇ m were arranged in this order between the extruder and the die, and these were connected by a melt pipe. Furthermore, a static mixer was installed in the melt pipe immediately before the die.
- the melt molten resin
- the touch roll was brought into contact with the most upstream cast roll (chill roll).
- the touch roll described in Example 1 of JP-A No. 11-235747 (the one described as a double holding roll was used, but the thickness of the thin metal outer cylinder was 2 mm) was used.
- the temperature of the triple cast rolls including the chill rolls was, in order from the upstream, touch roll temperature + 3 ° C., touch roll temperature ⁇ 2 ° C., and touch roll temperature ⁇ 7 ° C.
- a thickness increasing process (knurling) with a width of 10 mm and a height of 20 ⁇ m was applied to both ends. Further, the film-forming width was 1.5 m, and the film was wound up 3000 m at a film-forming speed of 30 m / min. The thickness of the unstretched film after film formation was 40 ⁇ m.
- Acrylic films C-1, C-4, and C-8 were produced in the same manner as the acrylic film B-6 except that the film thickness was changed as shown in Table 1.
- COP films C-2, C-3, C-6, and C-7 were produced in the same manner as COP film A-7 except that the film thickness was changed as shown in Table 1.
- a cellulose ester film C-5 was produced in the same manner as the cellulose ester film A-1, except that the film thickness and retardation Ro were changed as shown in Table 1.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- saponification degree 99.95 mol%
- polymerization degree of 2400 was impregnated with 10 parts by mass of glycerin and 170 parts by mass of water.
- the film was melt-extruded from a T die onto a metal roll to form a film. Then, it dried and heat-processed and obtained the PVA film.
- the obtained PVA film had an average thickness of 25 ⁇ m, a moisture content of 4.4%, and a film width of 3 m.
- the obtained PVA film was continuously processed in the order of pre-swelling, dyeing, uniaxial stretching by a wet method, fixing treatment, drying, and heat treatment to produce a polarizing film as a polarizer. That is, the PVA film was immersed in water at a temperature of 30 ° C. for 30 seconds to be pre-swelled, and immersed in an aqueous solution having an iodine concentration of 0.4 g / liter and a potassium iodide concentration of 40 g / liter at a temperature of 35 ° C. for 3 minutes.
- the film was uniaxially stretched 6 times in a 50% aqueous solution with a boric acid concentration of 4% under a tension of 700 N / m.
- the potassium iodide concentration was 40 g / liter
- the boric acid concentration was 40 g / liter.
- it was immersed in an aqueous solution having a zinc chloride concentration of 10 g / liter and a temperature of 30 ° C. for 5 minutes for fixing.
- the PVA film was taken out, dried with hot air at a temperature of 40 ° C., and further heat-treated at a temperature of 100 ° C. for 5 minutes.
- the obtained polarizing film had an average thickness of 13 ⁇ m, a polarizing performance of 43.0% transmittance, a polarization degree of 99.5%, and a dichroic ratio of 40.1.
- a surface protective film and a back surface protective film are overlapped by a nip roll on both surfaces of a polyvinyl alcohol film (PVA film) having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m adsorbed and oriented with an epoxy resin composition as an ultraviolet curable adhesive. It was.
- PVA film polyvinyl alcohol film
- the polarizing plate was irradiated with ultraviolet rays from two EHAN1700NAL high-pressure mercury lamps, which are ultraviolet lamps provided in an ultraviolet irradiation device (manufactured by GS-YUSASA), and the above adhesive was cured.
- the polarizing plate is polarized at a line speed of 11 m / min under a tension of 600 N in the longitudinal direction in the irradiated ultraviolet light.
- the cumulative amount of ultraviolet light was 110 mJ / cm 2 .
- the cumulative amount of ultraviolet light was measured based on irradiation in the UVB region having a wavelength range of 280 to 320 nm.
- SVR1240 manufactured by Sony Chemical & Information Device Co. is applied as an adhesive to the surface of the protective film of the polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display device, and the liquid crystal display device and the touch panel are applied via the applied adhesive. Were pasted together. And both ultraviolet rays were irradiated to some adhesives, and both were temporarily fixed. Then, after inspecting for bubbles at the interface, the entire pressure-sensitive adhesive was completely cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays.
- Table 1 shows combinations of the conductive film, the surface protective film, and the back surface protective film in the liquid crystal display devices with touch panels according to Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6.
- ⁇ Evaluation of display device with touch panel> (1) Evaluation of display unevenness The produced display device with a touch panel continued to display black for 120 hours in an environment of 60 ° C. and 90%, and the display state at that time was observed. The evaluation criteria at this time are as follows. ⁇ : Neither the glare nor the white spotted pattern is generated. (Triangle
- the prepared display device with a touch panel was allowed to stand in an environment of 60 ° C. and 90% for 500 hours, and then the state of black display was observed.
- the evaluation criteria at this time are as follows. ⁇ : The display is black (not reddish). ⁇ : Slightly reddish X: The display is reddish.
- Table 2 shows the evaluation results of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6.
- Comparative Example 1 In which the back surface protective film of the polarizing plate contains cellulose ester, white display unevenness occurs during black display, whereas Examples 1 to 4 in which the back surface protective film contains COP or PMMA, Comparative Example In 2 to 6, display unevenness does not occur.
- COP and PMMA is less moisture permeability 200g / m 2 / 24h, it is possible to suppress the permeation of moisture as compared to a cellulose ester (moisture permeability 800g / m 2 / 24h or higher), the backside protective film It is considered that the phase difference (retardation Ro) is prevented from fluctuating due to the moisture, and white spots are not generated even during black display.
- Comparative Examples 2 to 5 in which at least one of the conductive film scattering prevention film and the polarizing plate surface protective film is an optical film (PC, PMMA, COP, PET) having high moisture permeability, the polarizer is deteriorated.
- Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 6 in which both the scattering prevention film and the surface protection film contain cellulose ester films having high moisture absorption and moisture permeability, the deterioration of the polarizer is small. This is because the moisture of the conductive layer and the polarizer (PVA) formed by aqueous coating is trapped by both the cellulose ester films, thereby preventing the polarizer from being deteriorated by the moisture. Conceivable.
- the cellulose ester film of the surface protective film is as thin as 15 to 30 ⁇ m, it is easy for water to escape from the polarizer to the anti-scattering film through the surface protective film, and the polarizer is surely deteriorated by moisture. It is thought that it is suppressed to.
- touch panel A in which one electrode layer is formed on a glass substrate
- touch panel B in which two electrode layers (each electrode pattern in the X direction and Y direction) are formed on the glass substrate;
- the glass substrate was cut and the yield due to the disconnection of the electrode layer was examined.
- the yield of the touch panel A was better because the number of electrode layers was smaller (the occurrence rate of defective products due to the disconnection of the electrode layer was higher). It was found that touch panel productivity is high.
- a liquid crystal display panel (LCD) is used as the display panel, but it is considered that the same result can be obtained even when an OLED is used. That is, the display panel may be an LCD or an OLED. Moreover, when using OLED, the back surface protective film located in the OLED side with respect to a polarizer may be comprised with a quarter wavelength plate. Furthermore, the TFT substrate of the OLED may be composed of a resin substrate such as a film.
- the present invention can be used for a display device with a touch panel in which a touch panel having an electrode layer on a glass substrate and a display device having a polarizing plate on a display panel are bonded together via an adhesive layer.
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Abstract
Description
前記タッチパネルの前記電極層は1層で構成され、前記電極層上には導電フィルムが貼り合わされており、
前記導電フィルムは、セルロースエステルフィルムからなる、前記ガラス基板の飛散を防止するための飛散防止フィルムと、前記飛散防止フィルムに対して前記電極層とは反対側に、導電材料の水系塗布によって形成される導電層とを有しており、
前記偏光板は、偏光子と、前記偏光子の前記タッチパネル側に紫外線硬化型の接着剤を介して接着される表面保護フィルムと、前記偏光子の前記表示パネル側に紫外線硬化型の接着剤を介して接着される裏面保護フィルムとを備えており、
前記裏面保護フィルムは、透湿度200g/m2/24h以下の光学フィルムであり、
前記表面保護フィルムは、可塑剤を有する、厚さ15~30μmのセルロースエステルフィルムであり、前記可塑剤が該フィルムの厚さ方向において多く偏在する側とは反対側の面を介して、前記偏光子と接着されていることを特徴とするタッチパネル付き表示装置。
図1は、本実施形態のタッチパネル付き表示装置の概略の構成を示す断面図である。同図に示すように、タッチパネル付き表示装置は、表示装置10とタッチパネル20とを粘着剤層30を介して貼り合わせて構成されている。
以下、上記した偏光板2を構成する各層の詳細について説明する。なお、以下で示す保護フィルム(表面保護フィルム、裏面保護フィルム)およびハードコート層については、タッチパネル20の飛散防止フィルム25にも適用することができる。
偏光板2のタッチパネル20側の保護フィルムであるフィルム基材4aは厚さ15~30μmのセルロースエステルフィルムで構成されている。用いられるセルロースエステル樹脂については、後段にて詳述する。
フィルム5に用いることができる熱可塑性樹脂とは、ガラス転移温度または融点まで加熱することによって軟らかくなり、目的の形に成形できる樹脂のことをいう。
本実施形態でフィルム4aに用いることができるセルロースエステル樹脂は、セルロース(ジ、トリ)アセテート、セルロースプロピオネート、セルロースブチレート、セルロースアセテートプロピオネート、セルロースアセテートブチレート、セルロースアセテートフタレート、及びセルロースフタレートから選ばれる少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。
式(I) 2.6≦X+Y≦3.0
式(II) 1.0≦X≦2.5
フィルム基材の製造方法としては、通常のインフレーション法、T-ダイ法、カレンダー法、切削法、流延法、エマルジョン法、ホットプレス法等の製造法が使用できるが、溶液流延製膜法、溶融流延製膜法などの流延法が好ましく用いられる。なお、表面保護フィルムのフィルム基材(セルロースエステルフィルム)については、可塑剤をフィルム厚さ方向に偏在させる必要があることから、特に溶液流延製膜法によって製膜される。以下、フィルム基材の好ましい製造方法について説明する。
1)溶解工程
溶解工程は、熱可塑性樹脂に対する良溶媒を主とする有機溶媒に、溶解釜中で熱可塑性樹脂、熱収縮材料、その他の添加剤を攪拌しながら溶解しドープを形成する工程である。なお、良溶媒とは、溶液流延製膜法による光学フィルムの製造方法において、熱可塑性樹脂に対して良好な溶解性を有する有機溶媒をいい、また溶解に主たる効果を示し、その中で大量に使用する有機溶媒を主(有機)溶媒または主たる(有機)溶媒という。
流延工程は、ドープを、送液ポンプ(例えば、加圧型定量ギヤポンプ)を通して加圧ダイに送液し、無限に移送する無端の金属ベルト、例えばステンレスベルト、あるいは回転する金属ドラム等の金属支持体上の流延位置に、加圧ダイスリットからドープを流延する工程である。
溶媒蒸発工程は、ウェブ(流延用支持体上にドープを流延して形成されたドープ膜)を流延用支持体上で加熱し、溶媒を蒸発させる工程である。
剥離工程は、金属支持体上で溶媒が蒸発したウェブを、剥離位置で剥離する工程である。剥離されたウェブは次工程に送られる。
残留溶媒量(%)=(ウェブの加熱処理前質量-ウェブの加熱処理後質量)/(ウェブの加熱処理後質量)×100
なお、残留溶媒量を測定する際の加熱処理とは、115℃で1時間の加熱処理を行うことを表す。
乾燥および延伸工程は、剥離後、ウェブを乾燥装置内に複数配置したロールに交互に通して搬送する乾燥装置、および/またはクリップでウェブの両端をクリップして搬送するテンター延伸装置を用いて、ウェブを乾燥する工程である。
b)幅手方向に延伸-幅手方向に延伸-流延方向に延伸-流延方向に延伸
巻き取り工程は、ウェブ中の残留溶媒量が2質量%以下となってからフィルムとして巻き取り機により巻き取る工程であり、残留溶媒量を0.4質量%以下にすることにより寸法安定性の良好なフィルムを得ることができる。特に0.00~0.10質量%で巻き取ることが好ましい。
次に、裏面保護フィルムを溶融流延製膜法により製造する場合の方法について説明する。
溶融押出に用いる、樹脂を含む組成物は、通常あらかじめ混錬してペレット化しておくことが好ましい。
まず、作製したペレットを1軸や2軸タイプの押出機を用いて、押し出す際の溶融温度Tmを200~300℃程度とし、リーフディスクタイプのフィルターなどでろ過し異物を除去した後、Tダイからフィルム状に共押出し、冷却ロール上で固化し、弾性タッチロールと押圧しながら流延する。なお、Tmは、押出機のダイ出口部分の温度である。
本実施形態のフィルム基材は、複合樹脂フィルムで構成することができる。複合樹脂フィルムを製造する方法としては、共押し出し法による製膜工程を有する態様の製造方法によって製造することができる。
本実施形態においては、共押し出し法により、積層構造のフィルムを作製することもできる。例えば、スキン層/コア層/スキン層といった構成のフィルムを作ることができる。例えば、マット剤は、スキン層に多く、またはスキン層のみに入れることができる。可塑剤、紫外線吸収剤はスキン層よりもコア層に多く入れることができ、コア層のみに入れてもよい。また、コア層とスキン層で可塑剤、紫外線吸収剤の種類を変更することもでき、例えば、スキン層に低揮発性の可塑剤及び/または紫外線吸収剤を含ませ、コア層に可塑性に優れた可塑剤、或いは紫外線吸収性に優れた紫外線吸収剤を添加することもできる。スキン層とコア層のガラス転移温度が異なっていてもよく、スキン層のガラス転移温度よりコア層のガラス転移温度が低いことが好ましい。このとき、スキンとコアの両者のガラス転移温度を測定し、これらの体積分率より算出した平均値を上記ガラス転移温度Tgと定義して同様に扱うこともできる。また、溶融流延時のセルロースエステルを含む溶融物の粘度もスキン層とコア層で異なっていてもよく、スキン層の粘度>コア層の粘度でも、コア層の粘度≧スキン層の粘度でもよい。
フィルム基材は、添加剤として酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。好ましい酸化防止剤は、リン系またはフェノール系であり、リン系とフェノール系を同時に組み合わせるとより好ましい。以下、本実施形態において好適に用いることができる酸化防止剤について説明する。
本実施形態においては、フェノール系の酸化防止剤が好ましく用いられ、特にヒンダードフェノール化合物が好ましく用いられる。
リン系酸化防止剤としては、ホスファイト(phosphite)、ホスホナイト(phosphonite)、ホスフィナイト(phosphinite)、または第3級ホスファン(phosphane)等のリン系化合物を使用することができる。リン系化合物としては、従来既知の化合物を用いることができる。例えば、特開2002-138188号、特開2005-344044号段落番号0022~0027、特開2004-182979号段落番号0023~0039、特開平10-306175号、特開平1-254744号、特開平2-270892号、特開平5-202078号、特開平5-178870号、特表2004-504435号、特表2004-530759号、および特願2005-353229号の各公報の明細書中に記載されているものが好ましい。
また、ジラウリル-3,3′-チオジプロピオネート、ジミリスチル-3,3′-チオジプロピオネート、ジステアリル-3,3′-チオジプロピオネート、ペンタエリスリチルテトラキス(3-ラウリルチオプロピオネート)等のイオウ系酸化防止剤、2-tert-ブチル-6-(3-tert-ブチル-2-ヒドロキシ-5-メチルベンジル)-4-メチルフェニルアクリレート、2-[1-(2-ヒドロキシ-3,5-ジ-tert-ペンチルフェニル)エチル]-4,6-ジ-tert-ペンチルフェニルアクリレート等の耐熱加工安定剤、特公平08-27508号記載の3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-1-ベンゾピラン系化合物、3,3′-スピロジクロマン系化合物、1,1-スピロインダン系化合物、モルホリン、チオモルホリン、チオモルホリンオキシド、チオモルホリンジオキシド、ピペラジン骨格を部分構造に有する化合物、特開平03-174150記載のジアルコキシベンゼン系化合物等の酸素スカベンジャー等が挙げられる。これら酸化防止剤の部分構造が、ポリマーの一部、あるいは規則的にポリマーへペンダントされていてもよく、可塑剤、酸捕捉剤、紫外線吸収剤等の添加剤の分子構造の一部に導入されていてもよい。
本実施形態に係るフィルム基材には、上記の化合物等の他に、目的に応じて種々の化合物等を添加剤として含有させることができる。
酸捕捉剤としては、米国特許第4,137,201号明細書に記載されている酸捕捉剤としてのエポキシ化合物を含んでなるのが好ましい。このような酸捕捉剤としてのエポキシ化合物は、当該技術分野において既知であり、種々のポリグリコールのジグリシジルエーテル、特にポリグリコール1モル当たりに約8~40モルのエチレンオキシドなどの縮合によって誘導されるポリグリコール、グリセロールのジグリシジルエーテルなど、金属エポキシ化合物(例えば、塩化ビニルポリマー組成物において、及び塩化ビニルポリマー組成物と共に、従来から利用されているもの)、エポキシ化エーテル縮合生成物、ビスフェノールAのジグリシジルエーテル(即ち、4,4′-ジヒドロキシジフェニルジメチルメタン)、エポキシ化不飽和脂肪酸エステル(特に、2~22この炭素原子の脂肪酸の4~2個程度の炭素原子のアルキルのエステル(例えば、ブチルエポキシステアレート)など)、及び種々のエポキシ化長鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリドなど(例えば、エポキシ化大豆油などの組成物によって代表され、例示され得る、エポキシ化植物油及び他の不飽和天然油(これらは時としてエポキシ化天然グリセリドまたは不飽和脂肪酸と称され、これらの脂肪酸は一般に12~22個の炭素原子を含有している))が含まれる。
光安定剤としては、ヒンダードアミン光安定剤(HALS)化合物が挙げられ、これは既知の化合物であり、例えば、米国特許第4,619,956号明細書の第5~11欄及び米国特許第4,839,405号明細書の第3~5欄に記載されているように、2,2,6,6-テトラアルキルピペリジン化合物、またはそれらの酸付加塩もしくはそれらと金属化合物との錯体が含まれる。さらに、特開2007-63311号公報に記載されている光安定剤を用いることができる。
紫外線吸収剤としては、紫外線による劣化防止の観点から、波長370nm以下の紫外線の吸収能に優れており、かつ液晶表示性の観点から、波長400nm以上の可視光の吸収が少ないものが好ましい。例えば、オキシベンゾフェノン系化合物、ベンゾトリアゾール系化合物、サリチル酸エステル系化合物、ベンゾフェノン系化合物、シアノアクリレート系化合物、ニッケル錯塩系化合物等を挙げることができるが、ベンゾフェノン系化合物や着色の少ないベンゾトリアゾール系化合物が好ましい。また、特開平10-182621号公報、特開平8-337574号公報記載の紫外線吸収剤、特開平6-148430号公報記載の高分子紫外線吸収剤を用いてもよい。
本実施形態のフィルム基材には、マット剤等の微粒子を添加することができ、微粒子としては、無機化合物の微粒子又は有機化合物の微粒子が挙げられる。微粒子としては、例えば、二酸化ケイ素、二酸化チタン、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ジルコニウム、炭酸カルシウム、カオリン、タルク、焼成ケイ酸カルシウム、水和ケイ酸カルシウム、ケイ酸アルミニウム、ケイ酸マグネシウム、リン酸カルシウム等の無機微粒子や架橋高分子微粒子を挙げることができる。中でも、二酸化ケイ素が樹脂基板のヘイズを低くできるので好ましい。二酸化ケイ素のような微粒子は有機物により表面処理されている場合が多いが、このようなものは樹脂基板のヘイズを低下できるため好ましい。
セルロースエステルフィルムには、透湿性及び組成物の流動性やフィルムの柔軟性を向上させるために、可塑剤を併用することもできる。可塑剤としては、フタル酸エステル系、脂肪酸エステル系、トリメリット酸エステル系、リン酸エステル系、ポリエステル系、糖エステル系、アクリル系ポリマー等が挙げられる。この中では、透湿性の観点からポリエステル系、及び糖エステル系ポリマーの可塑剤が好ましく用いられる。
表面保護フィルム(フィルム基材4a)の表面には、表面保護の目的でハードコート層を形成してもよい。ハードコート層は、例えば、活性エネルギー線硬化型樹脂で構成されることが好ましい。
活性エネルギー線硬化型樹脂とは、紫外線や電子線のような活性線照射により架橋反応等を経て硬化する樹脂をいい、具体的にはエチレン性不飽和基を有する樹脂である。さらに具体的には、紫外線硬化型ウレタンアクリレート系樹脂、紫外線硬化型ポリエステルアクリレート系樹脂、紫外線硬化型エポキシアクリレート系樹脂、紫外線硬化型ポリオールアクリレート系樹脂、または紫外線硬化型エポキシ樹脂等が好ましく用いられる。中でも紫外線硬化型アクリレート系樹脂が好ましい。
ハードコート層は、さらにカチオン重合性化合物を含有してもよい。カチオン重合性化合物とは、エネルギー活性線照射や熱によってカチオン重合を起こして樹脂化するものである。具体的には、エポキシ基、環状エーテル基、環状アセタール基、環状ラクトン基、環状チオエーテル基、スピロオルソエステル化合物、ビニルオキソ基等が挙げられる。中でもエポキシ基やビニルエーテル基などの官能基を有する化合物が、本実施形態において好適に用いられる。
ハードコート層は、微粒子を含有してもよい。微粒子としては無機微粒子と有機微粒子が挙げられる。無機粒子としては、シリカ、酸化チタン、酸化アルミニウム、酸化スズ、酸化インジウム、ITO、酸化亜鉛、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化マグネシウム、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸カルシウム、タルク、クレイ、焼成カオリン、焼成ケイ酸カルシウム、水和ケイ酸カルシウム、ケイ酸アルミニウム、ケイ酸マグネシウム及びリン酸カルシウムを挙げることができる。有機粒子としては、ポリメタアクリル酸メチルアクリレート樹脂粉末、アクリルスチレン系樹脂粉末、ポリメチルメタクリレート樹脂粉末、シリコン系樹脂粉末、ポリスチレン系樹脂粉末、ポリカーボネート樹脂粉末、ベンゾグアナミン系樹脂粉末、メラミン系樹脂粉末、ポリオレフィン系樹脂粉末、ポリエステル系樹脂粉末、ポリアミド系樹脂粉末、ポリイミド系樹脂粉末、またはポリ弗化エチレン系樹脂粉末等を挙げることができる。これら微粒子の平均粒径は、ハードコート層塗布組成物の安定性やクリア性から、30nm~200nmが好ましい。また、ハードコート層には粒径が異なる2種以上の微粒子を含有させてもよい。所望の鉛筆硬度を達成しやすい点から、ハードコート層にはシリカ微粒子を含有させることが好ましい。
ハードコート層には、前記活性エネルギー線硬化型樹脂の硬化促進のため、さらに光重合開始剤を含有させることが好ましい。光重合開始剤の配合量としては、質量比で、光重合開始剤:活性エネルギー線硬化型樹脂=20:100~0.01:100であることが好ましい。
本実施形態のハードコートフィルムには、上記のハードコート層以外に、バックコート層、反射防止層、防眩層等の機能性層を設けることができる。
本実施形態のセルロースエステルフィルムにおけるハードコート層を設けた側とは反対側の面に、カールやブロッキング防止のためにバックコート層を設けてもよい。
本実施形態のハードコートフィルムは、ハードコート層の上層に反射防止層を塗設して、外光反射防止機能を有する反射防止フィルムとして用いることもできる。
セルロースアセテートフィルム/ハードコート層/中屈折率層/低屈折率層
セルロースアセテートフィルム/ハードコート層/中屈折率層/高屈折率層/低屈折率層
セルロースアセテートフィルム/ハードコート層/高屈折率層(導電性層)/低屈折率層
セルロースアセテートフィルム/ハードコート層/防眩性層/低屈折率層
低屈折率層は、シリカ系微粒子を含有することが好ましく、その屈折率は、23℃、波長550nm測定で、1.30~1.45の範囲であることが好ましい。
高屈折率層の屈折率は、23℃、波長550nm測定で、屈折率を1.4~2.2の範囲に調整することが好ましい。また、高屈折率層の厚さは5nm~1μmが好ましく、10nm~0.2μmであることが更に好ましく、30nm~0.1μmであることが最も好ましい。屈折率の調整は、金属酸化物微粒子等を添加することで行うことができる。用いる金属酸化物微粒子の屈折率は1.80~2.60であるものが好ましく、1.85~2.50であるものが更に好ましい。
ハードコート層上には、機能性層として防眩層を設けることもできる。防眩性層は、フィルム表面に反射した像の輪郭をぼかすことによって反射像の視認性を低下させて、液晶ディスプレイ、有機ELディスプレイ、プラズマディスプレイといった画像表示装置等の使用時に、反射像の映り込みが気にならないようにする層のことである。防眩層は、具体的には、前記したハードコート層に微粒子等の添加や前記鋳型を押し当てて表面に突起を形成する方法などによって、層表面の算術平均粗さRaを0.1~1μmに調整した層であることが好ましい。
タッチパネルを表示装置に接着する際に用いる粘着剤層(図1の粘着剤層30に相当)を構成する粘着剤としては、特に制限なく、公知の粘着剤を使用でき、例えば、アクリル系粘着剤、シリコーン系粘着剤、ウレタン系粘着剤、ゴム系粘着剤、ポリエステル系粘着剤などが使用できるが、粘着力や貯蔵弾性率の制御が比較的容易なアクリル系粘着剤が特に好ましい。
飛散防止フィルム25は、外部からの衝撃等によるガラス基板21の飛散を防止するために、電極層(電極パターン22)上に設けられている。本実施形態では、飛散防止フィルム25は、厚さ20~66μmのセルロースエステルフィルムで構成されている。
飛散防止フィルム上に形成される電磁波シールド層としての導電層(図1の導電層26に相当)は、少なくとも導電性物質を含有し、バインダー、感光性化合物、更に必要に応じてその他の成分を含有してなることが望ましい。
導電性物質の構造としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、中実構造及び中空構造のいずれかの繊維や導電性ポリマーを含有することが好ましい。
金属ナノワイヤーの材料としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができる。例えば、長周期律表(IUPAC1991)の第4周期、第5周期、及び第6周期からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属が好ましく、第2族~第14族から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属がより好ましく、第2族、第8族、第9族、第10族、第11族、第12族、第13族、及び第14族から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属が更に好ましく、主成分として含むことが特に好ましい。
金属ナノチューブの材料としては、特に制限はなく、いかなる金属であってもよく、例えば、上記した金属ナノワイヤーの材料などを使用することができる。
カーボンナノチューブ(CNT)は、グラファイト状炭素原子面(グラフェンシート)が、単層あるいは多層の同軸管状になった物質である。単層のカーボンナノチューブはシングルウォールナノチューブ(SWNT)、多層のカーボンナノチューブはマルチウォールナノチューブ(MWNT)と呼ばれ、特に、2層のカーボンナノチューブはダブルウォールナノチューブ(DWNT)とも呼ばれる。本実施形態で用いられる導電性繊維において、カーボンナノチューブは、単層であってもよく、多層であってもよいが、導電性及び熱伝導性に優れる点で単層であることが好ましい。
上記導電性繊維を固定化するためのバインダーとしては、有機高分子重合体であって、分子(好ましくは、アクリル系共重合体を主鎖とする分子)中に少なくとも1つのアルカリ可溶性を促進する基(例えばカルボキシル基、リン酸基、スルホン酸基など)を有するアルカリ可溶性樹脂の中から適宜選択することができる。
導電性ポリマーとしては、例えばポリスチレンスルホン酸を含むポリエチレンジオキシチオフェン(PEDOT:PSS(Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrenesulfonate))を用いることができる。
以下、本発明の具体例を実施例として説明する。また、本発明との比較のため、比較例についても併せて説明する。なお、本発明は、以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。なお、以下での説明において、「部」あるいは「%」の表示は、特に断りがない限り、「質量部」あるいは「質量%」を表すものとする。
まず、(強化)ガラス基板上に、厚さ20nmのITO膜をスパッタリング法を用いて成膜し、これをエッチングして、X方向に延びる第1電極パターンを形成した。次に、第1電極パターン上に、厚さ200nmのSiO2からなる層間絶縁膜をスパッタリング法を用いて成膜した。次に、第1電極パターンにAgペーストを塗布、及び焼結し、第1電極パターンと制御回路とをリード線を介して接続した。
<飛散防止フィルムの作製>
(セルロースエステルフィルムA-1の作製)
〈セルロースエステル樹脂〉
セルロースエステル樹脂CE-1を以下のものとする。
CE-1:セルローストリアセテート
(アセチル基置換度:2.91、重量平均分子量Mw:30万)
シリカ微粒子(アエロジル R972V 日本アエロジル(株)製)
11質量部
エタノール 89質量部
以上をディゾルバーで50分間攪拌混合した後、マントンゴーリンで分散を行った。
メチレンクロライドを入れた溶解タンクに十分攪拌しながら、微粒子分散液1をゆっくりと添加した。更に、二次粒子の粒径が所定の大きさとなるようにアトライターにて分散を行った。これを日本精線(株)製のファインメットNFで濾過し、微粒子添加液1を調製した。
メチレンクロライド 99質量部
微粒子分散液1 5質量部
下記組成の主ドープAを調製した。まず加圧溶解タンクにメチレンクロライドとエタノールを添加した。次に溶剤の入った加圧溶解タンクにセルロースアセテートを攪拌しながら投入した。これを加熱し、攪拌しながら、完全に溶解した。これを安積濾紙(株)製の安積濾紙No.244を使用して濾過し、主ドープAを調製した。
メチレンクロライド 340質量部
エタノール 64質量部
CE-1(セルローストリアセテート) 100質量部
ポリエステル系化合物 6質量部
糖エステル化合物 6質量部
微粒子添加液1 1質量部
以上を密閉容器に投入し、攪拌しながら溶解してドープを調製した。次いで、無端ベルト流延装置を用い、ドープを温度33℃、1500mm幅でステンレスベルト支持体上に均一に流延した。ステンレスベルトの温度は30℃に制御した。
Ro=(nx-ny)×d
ただし、dはフィルムの厚さ(nm)、nxは遅相軸方向の屈折率、nyはフィルム面内で遅相軸に直角な方向の屈折率、である。
表1に記載のように膜厚およびリタデーションRoを変化させた以外は、セルロースエステルフィルムA-1と同様にして、セルロースエステルフィルムA-2~A-5を作製した。
温度計、撹拌機、還流冷却器付き反応器にイオン交換水152400部、25%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液84320部を入れ、HPLC分析で純度99.8%の9,9-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-3-メチルフェニル)フルオレン(以下“ビスクレゾールフルオレン”と略称することがある)34848部、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン9008部(以下“ビスフェノールA”と略称することがある)及びハイドロサルファイト88部を溶解した後、メチレンクロライド178400部を加え、撹拌した。そして、15~25℃でホスゲン18248部を、60分を要して吹き込んだ。ホスゲン吹き込み終了後、p-tert-ブチルフェノール177.8部をメチレンクロライド2640部に溶解した溶液及び25%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液10560部を加え、乳化後、トリエチルアミン32部を加えて28~33℃で1時間撹拌して反応を終了した。
〈脂環式構造を有する重合体樹脂の合成〉
エチレン雰囲気下、容量1.6lのオートクレーブに、フェニルノルボルネン濃度が20mol/lで、総液量が640mlとなるように、トルエンとフェニルノルボルネン-トルエン溶液を入れた。次に、メチルアルミノキサン(アルベマール社製、MAO20%トルエン溶液)をAl基準で5.88mmol、メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(テトラメチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド1.5μmolを添加し、エチレンを導入して圧力を0.2MPaに保持しながら、80℃で60分間反応させた。
〈ポリエステルA〉
テレフタル酸ジメチル100質量部、エチレングリコール64質量部に酢酸カルシウム水和物0.1質量部を添加し、常法によりエステル交換反応を行った。得られた生成物に5-ナトリウムスルホジ(β-ヒドロキシエチル)イソフタル酸のエチレングリコール溶液(濃度35質量%)39質量部(7モル%/全ジカルボン酸成分)、ポリエチレングリコール(数平均分子量3000)5.8質量部(5質量%/生成したポリエステル)、三酸化アンチモン0.05質量部、リン酸トリメチルエステル0.13質量部を添加した。次いで徐々に昇温、減圧し、280℃、40Paで重合を行い、ポリエステルAを得た。そして、以下に示す方法に従ってポリエステルAの固有粘度を求めた結果、固有粘度は0.50dl/gであった。
上記作製したセルロースエステルフィルムA-5、PCフィルムA-6、PETフィルムA-8上に、ハードコート層組成物を孔径0.4μmのポリプロピレン製フィルターで濾過したものを、マイクログラビアコーターを用いて塗布した。そして、恒率乾燥区間温度95℃、減率乾燥区間温度95℃で乾燥の後、紫外線ランプを用い、照射部の照度が100mW/cm2で、照射量を0.1J/cm2として塗布層を硬化させ、ドライ膜厚3μmのハードコート層を形成した。そして、形成後のフィルムを巻き取り、ロール状のハードコートフィルムとした。なお、ハードコート層は、導電層として、後述するITO導電膜を形成する場合のみ作製した。
〈銀ナノワイヤー〉
特表2009-505358号公報の例1(銀ナノワイヤーの合成)に開示されている方法にて銀ナノワイヤーを得た。すなわち、ポリビニルピロリドン(PVP)の存在下で、エチレングリコールに溶解される硫酸銀の還元によって、銀ナノワイヤーを合成した。なお、ポリオール(多価アルコール)の還元力により、金属イオンを還元し、ナノサイズの金属粒子を析出させる方法は、ポリオール方法とも呼ばれる。
特開2002-266007号公報に記載の方法で銅ナノワイヤーを作製した。すなわち、双頭型ペプチド脂質0.1ミリモルをサンプル瓶にとり、これに2倍当量の水酸化ナトリウム8.0mg(0.20ミリモル)を含む蒸留水100mlを加え、超音波照射(バス型)を施すことにより双頭型ペプチド脂質を溶解させた。この水溶液をホットスターラー上において、激しく撹拌しながら、常温で保持しておき、これに0.1モル/リットルの酢酸銅(II)を1ml加えた。すると、徐々に溶液が濁り、青色のコロイド状分散液が形成された。
組成In2O2/SnO2=90/10のインジウム・スズ酸化物ターゲットを用い、真空度10-4Torrにて、アルゴン/酸素混合ガス導入のもと、スパッタリング法にて、ハードコートフィルム上に、厚さ250nmのITO導電性薄膜を設けた。
次に、表示パネルの偏光板の作製について説明する。偏光板は、偏光子としての偏光膜の一方の面に表面保護フィルムを貼り合わせ、他方の面に裏面保護フィルムを貼り合わせることで作製される。まず、表面保護フィルムおよび裏面保護フィルムの作製について説明する。
<セルロースエステルフィルムの作製>
表1に記載のように膜厚およびリタデーションRoを変化させた以外は、セルロースエステルフィルムA-1と同様にして、セルロースエステルフィルムB-1~B-5、B-7~B-8を作製した。
以下の方法で、アクリルフィルムB-6を作製した。なお、アクリルフィルムB-6には、可塑剤を含有させなかった。
ラクトン環単位を含む下記アクリル樹脂の調製を行った。すなわち、特開2008-9378号公報の段落〔0222〕~〔0224〕の製造例1に従い、メタクリル酸メチル7500g、2-(ヒドロキシメチル)アクリル酸メチル2500gから合成し、ラクトン化率98%、Tg=134℃のアクリル樹脂を得た。
調製した前記アクリル樹脂を90℃の真空乾燥機で乾燥して含水率を0.03%以下とした後、安定剤(イルガノックス1010(チバガイギ(株)製)0.3重量%を添加し、230℃において窒素気流中下、ベント付2軸混練押出し機を用い、水中に押出しストランド状にした後、裁断し、直径3mm長さ5mmのペレットを得た。
<アクリルフィルムの作製>
表1に記載のように膜厚を変化させた以外は、アクリルフィルムB-6と同様にして、アクリルフィルムC-1、C-4、C-8を作製した。
表1に記載のように膜厚を変化させた以外は、COPフィルムA-7と同様にして、COPフィルムC-2、C-3、C-6、C-7を作製した。
表1に記載のように膜厚およびリタデーションRoを変化させた以外は、セルロースエステルフィルムA-1と同様にして、セルロースエステルフィルムC-5を作製した。
鹸化度99.95モル%、重合度2400のポリビニルアルコール(以下、PVAと略記する)100質量部に、グリセリン10質量部、及び水170質量部を含浸させたものを溶融混練し、脱泡後、Tダイから金属ロール上に溶融押出し、製膜した。その後、乾燥・熱処理して、PVAフィルムを得た。
厚さ25μmのヨウ素が吸着配向されたポリビニルアルコール系フィルム(PVAフィルム)の両面に、紫外線硬化型接着剤としてのエポキシ樹脂組成物を介して、表面保護フィルムと裏面保護フィルムとをニップロールによって重ね合わせた。
タッチパネルの電極層側と、液晶表示装置の偏光板側とを、粘着剤層を介して貼り合わせ、タッチパネル付きの液晶表示装置を構成した。
(1)表示ムラの評価
作製したタッチパネル付き表示装置を、60℃90%の環境下で120h黒表示し続け、そのときの表示状態を観察した。このときの評価基準は、以下の通りである。
○:ギラツキ・白ヌケ模様のムラ共に発生なし。
△:白ヌケ模様のムラが発生した。
×:表面のギラツキが発生した。
作製したタッチパネル付き表示装置について、視野角特性測定装置EZContrast(ELDIM社製)を用い、コントラスト評価を行った。このときの評価基準は、以下の通りである。
○:コントラストが100%である。
△:コントラスト低下量が5%未満である。
×:コントラスト低下量が5%以上である。
作製したタッチパネル付き表示装置を、60℃90%の環境下に500h静置させた後、黒表示の状態を観察した。このときの評価基準は、以下の通りである。
○:表示が黒である(赤みがかっていない)。
△:わずかに赤みがかっている。
×:表示が赤みを帯びている。
実施例1~4および比較例1~6の評価の結果を表2に示す。
2 偏光板
3 偏光子
4 フィルム
4a フィルム基材(表面保護フィルム、セルロースエステルフィルム)
4b ハードコート層
5 フィルム(裏面保護フィルム)
10 表示装置
20 タッチパネル
21 ガラス基板
22 電極パターン(電極層)
24 導電フィルム
25 飛散防止フィルム
26 導電層
30 粘着剤層
Claims (5)
- ガラス基板上に電極層を有するタッチパネルの前記電極層側と、表示パネル上に偏光板を有する表示装置の前記偏光板側とを、粘着剤層を介して貼り合わせたタッチパネル付き表示装置であって、
前記タッチパネルの前記電極層は1層で構成され、前記電極層上には導電フィルムが貼り合わされており、
前記導電フィルムは、セルロースエステルフィルムからなる、前記ガラス基板の飛散を防止するための飛散防止フィルムと、前記飛散防止フィルムに対して前記電極層とは反対側に、導電材料の水系塗布によって形成される導電層とを有しており、
前記偏光板は、偏光子と、前記偏光子の前記タッチパネル側に紫外線硬化型の接着剤を介して接着される表面保護フィルムと、前記偏光子の前記表示パネル側に紫外線硬化型の接着剤を介して接着される裏面保護フィルムとを備えており、
前記裏面保護フィルムは、透湿度200g/m2/24h以下の光学フィルムであり、
前記表面保護フィルムは、可塑剤を有する、厚さ15~30μmのセルロースエステルフィルムであり、前記可塑剤が該フィルムの厚さ方向において多く偏在する側とは反対側の面を介して、前記偏光子と接着されていることを特徴とするタッチパネル付き表示装置。 - 前記偏光板は、前記表面保護フィルムに対して前記偏光子とは反対側にハードコート層をさらに有していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のタッチパネル付き表示装置。
- 前記導電材料は、導電繊維であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のタッチパネル付き表示装置。
- 前記導電繊維は、金属ナノワイヤーであることを特徴とする請求項3に記載のタッチパネル付き表示装置。
- 前記裏面保護フィルムの前記光学フィルムは、アクリル、環状ポリオレフィン、ポリカーボネートのいずれかの樹脂からなるフィルムであることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれかに記載のタッチパネル付き表示装置。
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JP2016014135A (ja) * | 2014-06-10 | 2016-01-28 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光学フィルム、偏光板、および液晶表示装置 |
JP2016071229A (ja) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-05-09 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 光学フィルム及び光学フィルムの製造方法、並びに画像表示装置 |
JP2016175991A (ja) * | 2015-03-19 | 2016-10-06 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 偏光板保護フィルム、偏光板、液晶表示装置、及び偏光板保護フィルムの製造方法、 |
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WO2021008011A1 (zh) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-21 | 惠州市华星光电技术有限公司 | 触控显示面板和触控显示装置 |
TWI735430B (zh) * | 2015-03-17 | 2021-08-11 | 日商半導體能源研究所股份有限公司 | 觸控面板 |
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JP2016014135A (ja) * | 2014-06-10 | 2016-01-28 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光学フィルム、偏光板、および液晶表示装置 |
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JP2021173982A (ja) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-01 | 日東電工株式会社 | 偏光板および光学機能層付偏光板 |
WO2021220729A1 (ja) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-04 | 日東電工株式会社 | 偏光板および光学機能層付偏光板 |
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