WO2014034704A1 - 熱収縮性ポリエステル系フィルム - Google Patents
熱収縮性ポリエステル系フィルム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014034704A1 WO2014034704A1 PCT/JP2013/072971 JP2013072971W WO2014034704A1 WO 2014034704 A1 WO2014034704 A1 WO 2014034704A1 JP 2013072971 W JP2013072971 W JP 2013072971W WO 2014034704 A1 WO2014034704 A1 WO 2014034704A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/181—Acids containing aromatic rings
- C08G63/183—Terephthalic acids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/10—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial
- B29C55/12—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial
- B29C55/14—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial successively
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C61/00—Shaping by liberation of internal stresses; Making preforms having internal stresses; Apparatus therefor
- B29C61/003—Shaping by liberation of internal stresses; Making preforms having internal stresses; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
- B29K2067/003—PET, i.e. poylethylene terephthalate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/123—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/181—Acids containing aromatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2467/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2467/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08L67/03—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds having the carboxyl- and the hydroxy groups directly linked to aromatic rings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1328—Shrinkable or shrunk [e.g., due to heat, solvent, volatile agent, restraint removal, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1328—Shrinkable or shrunk [e.g., due to heat, solvent, volatile agent, restraint removal, etc.]
- Y10T428/1331—Single layer [continuous layer]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat-shrinkable polyester film, and is particularly suitable for a dry battery exterior label and similar applications, and a heat-shrinkable polyester film having good tensile elongation at break after aging, and production thereof It is about the method.
- heat-shrinkable polyester films have been widely used for purposes such as label packaging that improves the appearance of PET bottles and glass containers, protects contents, and displays products. Many of such heat-shrinkable polyester films usually shrink greatly in the width direction, and are often produced mainly by stretching only in the transverse direction (see Patent Document 1).
- a heat-shrinkable polyester film laminated with a heat-sensitive adhesive has been used for exterior applications of dry batteries.
- a heat-shrinkable polyester film laminated with a heat-sensitive adhesive is attached to the outside of the dry battery, the film is wound around the outside of the dry battery using a drum heated to about 70 ° C to 110 ° C.
- the dry battery is heated to about 140 ° C. to heat the film.
- a processing method is adopted in which the film is brought into close contact with the outside of the dry battery by shrinking.
- a label when attached to a cylindrical body such as a dry battery, it must be heat-shrinked in the circumferential direction after being annularly attached to the cylindrical body.
- the annular body When using as a label, after forming an annular body so that the width direction of a film may turn into the circumferential direction, the annular body must be cut
- the longitudinal direction is the main shrinkage direction
- the low temperature region about 60 ° C. to 80 ° C.
- the high temperature region about (130 ° C to 150 ° C) exhibits high shrinkage characteristics and extremely high mechanical strength in the main shrinkage direction and width direction, and is not easily broken during processing, and is particularly suitable for a film for forming a dry battery exterior label and similar applications.
- a heat-shrinkable polyester film that can be used is also shown (see Patent Document 2).
- the film described in Patent Document 2 is a film in which the problems of the film described in Patent Document 1 are improved.
- the film described in Patent Document 2 has ethylene terephthalate as a main constituent, and contains one or more monomer components that can be an amorphous component of 1 mol% or more and 12 mol% or less in a glycol component. It is formed of a polyester resin (hereinafter referred to as amorphous PET raw material).
- the film described in Patent Document 2 uses an amorphous PET raw material, for example, when it is aged at a high temperature and long time such as 60 ° C. and 672 hours in consideration of storage in a warehouse in the summer, the main shrinkage direction In some cases, the tensile elongation at break in the width direction, which is the direction perpendicular to the lower limit, may be less than 25%, which is not preferable because the decrease in elongation is large. Similarly, when aging is performed at 60 ° C. and 672 hours considering storage in a summer warehouse or the like, the films are blocked from each other, and are electrostatically peeled off when printed from a film product roll. Since a solvent is often used in the printing process, it is not preferable to generate static electricity because dust and dust are easily attached.
- the object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the heat-shrinkable polyester films of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, have high mechanical strength in the width direction perpendicular to the main shrinkage direction, and 60 ° C. and 672 hours.
- the tensile elongation at break in the film width direction after high-temperature aging treatment for a long time is high, and peeling electrification occurs when printing and processing product rolls after long-time aging treatment at high temperatures such as 60 ° C and 672 hours.
- the present invention has the following configuration.
- the main constituent component is ethylene terephthalate, and is formed of a polyester resin in which a monomer component that can be an amorphous component in all polyester resin components is contained in an amount of 0 mol% to less than 1 mol%, and the following requirement (1)
- (1) The thermal shrinkage in the longitudinal direction when treated in a hot air oven at 90 ° C. for 5 minutes is ⁇ 1% to 5%.
- Shrinkage is -5% or more and 5% or less (4)
- the elongation at break in the film width direction is 25% or more and 80% or less after aging for 672 hours in a thermo-hygrostat set at 60 ° C. 2.
- the heat-shrinkable polyester film of the present invention has a main shrinkage direction in the longitudinal direction, and in the low-temperature region (90 ° C. or less, for example, 60 ° C. to 80 ° C.), although it hardly shrinks in the longitudinal direction, the high-temperature region (130 C. to 150.degree. C.) exhibit high shrinkage characteristics and extremely high mechanical strength in the width direction and are difficult to break during processing. Therefore, in particular, it can be suitably used for a film for forming a dry battery exterior label and similar applications, and can be mounted very efficiently around the dry battery within a short time, and when it is heat-shrinked after mounting In addition, it is possible to develop a good finish with very little wrinkles due to thermal shrinkage and very little shrinkage.
- the tensile elongation at break in the width direction which is the direction perpendicular to the main shrinkage direction after aging at 672 hours at 60 ° C., is 25% or more, even if the film is stored in a warehouse at high room temperature in summer, etc. Since the tensile elongation at break in the film width direction is high, there is little risk of bag breakage after mounting even when a film stored at high temperature is used. Further, since static electricity is hardly generated in the printing process or the like, foreign matters such as dust and dirt are difficult to adhere.
- the following production methods can be mentioned. That is, after the unstretched film is stretched at a magnification of 3.5 times or more and 6.0 times or less in the transverse direction at a temperature of Tg + 5 ° C. or more and Tg + 40 ° C. or less in a state where both ends in the width direction are held by clips in the tenter. The film was stretched at a magnification of 1.5 to 2.5 times in the longitudinal direction at a temperature of Tg + 5 ° C. or more and Tg + 40 ° C. or less using a heated roll having a speed difference, and then both ends of the film were gripped with clips. In this state, the heat treatment is performed at a temperature of Tg + 35 ° C. or more and Tg + 70 ° C. or less, and relaxation is 0% or more and 15% or less in the lateral direction.
- the film of the present invention is preferably made of polyethylene terephthalate.
- the polyethylene terephthalate is a polymer mainly composed of an ethylene terephthalate unit containing ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid as main components.
- poly (ethylene terephthalate) excellent mechanical strength and transparency as a protective film can be obtained.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PET is also preferably a polyester comprising only ethylene terephthalate units, but is not actively copolymerized and contains less than 1 mol% of by-products.
- a typical example is the above-mentioned diethylene glycol.
- diethylene glycol for example, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-cyclohexane Dimethanol, isophthalic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,2-diethyl 1,3-propanediol, 2-n-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol 2,2-isopropyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,2-di-n-butyl-1,3-propanediol, and hexanediol.
- all dicarboxylic acid components or all diol components It is preferably suppressed to less than 1 mol%.
- the intrinsic viscosity of polyethylene terephthalate is preferably in the range of 0.60 to 0.75.
- the intrinsic viscosity is lower than 0.60, the effect of improving the tear resistance is lowered.
- the intrinsic viscosity is higher than 0.75, the increase in the filtration pressure is increased, and high-precision filtration becomes difficult.
- the heat-shrinkable polyester film of the present invention is a longitudinal direction of the film calculated from the length before and after the shrinkage when treated for 5 minutes in a hot air at 90 ° C. for 5 minutes.
- the thermal shrinkage rate (that is, 90 ° C. thermal shrinkage rate) is preferably ⁇ 1% or more and 5% or less.
- Thermal shrinkage rate ⁇ (length before shrinkage ⁇ length after shrinkage) / length before shrinkage ⁇ ⁇ 100 (%) ⁇ Equation 1
- the thermal shrinkage in the longitudinal direction at 90 ° C. is less than ⁇ 1%, the label will loosen on the heated drum for activating the heat-sensitive adhesive, making it difficult to wind the battery cleanly.
- the hot water thermal shrinkage in the longitudinal direction at 90 ° C. exceeds 5%, the heated drum for activating the heat-sensitive adhesive It is not preferable because it shrinks above and it becomes difficult to wrap around the dry battery neatly.
- the upper limit of the heat shrinkage rate in the longitudinal direction at 90 ° C. is preferably 4% or less, and more preferably 3% or less.
- the heat-shrinkable polyester film of the present invention is a longitudinal direction of the film calculated by the above formula 1 from the length before and after shrinkage when treated in hot air at 140 ° C. for 5 minutes under no load. It is preferable that the heat shrinkage rate (that is, the 140 ° C. heat shrinkage rate) of the resin is 15% or more and 40% or less.
- the shrinkage rate in the longitudinal direction at 140 ° C. is less than 15%, the shrinkage amount is small, so that it is not preferable because wrinkles and tarmi are likely to occur on the label after heat shrinkage.
- the heat shrinkage rate in the direction exceeds 40%, it is not preferable because distortion (shrinkage strain) easily occurs during heat shrinkage when used as a label.
- the lower limit of the heat shrinkage rate in the longitudinal direction at 140 ° C. is preferably 17% or more, more preferably 19% or more, and particularly preferably 21% or more.
- the upper limit value of the heat shrinkage rate in the longitudinal direction at 140 ° C. is preferably 38% or less, more preferably 36% or less, and particularly preferably 34% or less.
- the heat-shrinkable polyester film of the present invention is a film width direction calculated by the above formula 1 from the length before and after shrinkage when treated for 5 minutes in a hot air at 140 ° C. under no load. It is preferable that the heat shrinkage rate (that is, the 140 ° C. heat shrinkage rate in the width direction) in the (perpendicular to the longitudinal direction) is ⁇ 5% or more and 5% or less.
- the thermal shrinkage in the width direction at 140 ° C. is less than ⁇ 5% (for example, ⁇ 10%), it is difficult to obtain a good shrink appearance when used as a label for a dry battery. If the glycerin immersion heat shrinkage rate in the width direction of the film exceeds 5%, distortion (shrinkage strain) is likely to occur during heat shrinkage when used as a label.
- the lower limit value of the thermal shrinkage in the width direction at 140 ° C. is preferably ⁇ 4% or more, more preferably ⁇ 3% or more, and particularly preferably ⁇ 2% or more.
- the upper limit of the heat shrinkage rate in the width direction at 140 ° C. is preferably 4% or less, more preferably 3% or less, and particularly preferably 2% or less.
- the heat-shrinkable polyester film of the present invention preferably has a tensile elongation at break in the film width direction of 25% or more and 80% or less after aging for 672 hours in an atmosphere of 60 ° C. and 65% RH. . If the tensile elongation at break in the film width direction after ace is less than 25%, cracks are likely to occur when the film after being stored in a warehouse in summer or the like is used as a label for a dry battery.
- the lower limit of the tensile elongation at break in the width direction after aging at 60 ° C. for 672 hours is preferably 27% or more, more preferably 29% or more, and particularly preferably 31% or more.
- the upper limit of the tensile elongation at break in the width direction after aging at 60 ° C. and 672 hours is preferably as high as possible and preferably higher than 80%, but the upper limit that can be adjusted is about 80% at present. I believe.
- the heat-shrinkable polyester film of the present invention preferably has a tensile breaking strength in the film width direction of 200 MPa or more and 400 MPa or less.
- the width direction is a direction orthogonal to the main shrinkage direction. If the tensile strength at break in the width direction is lower than 200 MPa, the so-called low feeling is reduced, and wrinkles are likely to occur when used as a label of a dry battery, which is not preferable.
- the lower limit value of the tensile strength at break in the width direction is preferably 220 MPa or more, more preferably 240 MPa or more, and particularly preferably 260 MPa or more.
- the upper limit of the tensile strength in the width direction is preferably higher, and even if it is higher than 400 MPa, there is no problem, but at present, the upper limit that can be adjusted is considered to be about 400 MPa.
- the heat-shrinkable polyester film of the present invention preferably has a refractive index in the film width direction of 1.62 or more and 1.66 or less. If the refractive index is less than 1.62, the shrinkage rate in the width direction becomes high, and the mechanical strength in the width direction becomes low, which is not preferable.
- the lower limit value of the refractive index in the film width direction is preferably 1.625 or more, and more preferably 1.63 or more. Further, when the refractive index in the width direction is higher than 1.66, it is preferable because the mechanical strength in the width direction becomes high and the shrinkage rate becomes low. However, the upper limit that can be adjusted at present is about 1.66.
- the heat-shrinkable polyester film of the present invention preferably has a refractive index in the film longitudinal direction of 1.59 or more and 1.64 or less. If the refractive index is less than 1.59, the longitudinal shrinkage at 90 ° C. is undesirably high.
- the lower limit value of the refractive index in the film longitudinal direction is preferably 1.595 or more, and more preferably 1.6 or more.
- the refractive index in the longitudinal direction is higher than 1.64, the shrinkage at 140 ° C. is lowered, which is not preferable.
- the upper limit of the refractive index in the film longitudinal direction is preferably 1.635 or less, and more preferably 1.63 or less.
- the heat-shrinkable polyester film of the present invention preferably has a thickness variation of 15% or less in the longitudinal direction. If the thickness unevenness in the longitudinal direction is more than 15%, it is not preferable because printing spots are likely to occur during printing at the time of label production or shrinkage spots after heat shrinkage are likely to occur.
- the thickness variation in the longitudinal direction is more preferably 13% or less, and more preferably 11% or less.
- the thickness variation in the longitudinal direction is better as it approaches 0%, but the lower limit is 2%, which is practically acceptable.
- the thickness of the heat-shrinkable polyester film of the present invention is not particularly limited, but the heat-shrinkable film for labels is preferably 10 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 15 to 95 ⁇ m.
- the heat-shrinkable polyester film of the present invention is 10% shrunk with hot air at 140 ° C., and when the right-angle tear strength per unit thickness is determined by the following method, the right-angle tear strength in the width direction is It is preferable that it is 100 N / mm or more and 300 N / mm or less.
- the right-angled tear strength after shrinking by 10% in the longitudinal direction in hot air at 140 ° C. is less than 100 N / mm, it may be easily broken by an impact such as dropping during transportation when used as a label. On the contrary, if the right-angled tear strength exceeds 300 N / mm, it is not preferable in that the cut property (easy to tear) at the initial stage when tearing the label tends to be insufficient.
- the lower limit of the right-angled tear strength is preferably 125 N / mm or more, more preferably 150 N / mm or more, and particularly preferably 175 N / mm or more.
- the upper limit of the right-angled tear strength is preferably 275 N / mm or less, more preferably 250 N / mm or less, and particularly preferably 225 N / mm or less.
- the heat-shrinkable polyester film of the present invention preferably has a haze of 2% to 12%.
- a lower haze of the film is preferable, but a lubricant may be added to lower the friction coefficient, and the lower limit is substantially 2%.
- the haze exceeds 12%, the transparency is impaired.
- the upper limit of haze is preferably 11% or less, more preferably 10% or less, and particularly preferably 9% or less.
- the heat-shrinkable polyester film of the present invention preferably has a coefficient of dynamic friction between one surface and the other surface that is the back surface of 0.1 to 0.7.
- a lower dynamic friction coefficient of the film is preferable because it is less likely to be peeled and charged. However, if it is less than 0.1, it is not preferable because winding deviation easily occurs during winding during processing.
- the lower limit value of the dynamic friction coefficient is preferably 0.11 or more, more preferably 0.12 or more, and particularly preferably 0.13 or more. On the other hand, if the dynamic friction coefficient exceeds 0.7, blocking tends to occur, which is not preferable.
- the upper limit value of the dynamic friction coefficient is preferably 0.68 or less, more preferably 0.66 or less, and particularly preferably 0.64 or less.
- the heat-shrinkable polyester film of the present invention preferably has an electrostatic charge of 5 kV or less when the product roll is unwound at a speed of 200 m / min after aging in an environmental test chamber set at 60 ° C. for 672 hours. .
- an organic solvent is used, and if the static electricity is high, dust and dust adhere to the film.
- the upper limit of static electricity is preferably 4.5 kV or less, more preferably 4.0 kV or less, and particularly preferably 3.5 kV or less.
- the static electricity is preferably as small as possible, polyester inherently tends to generate static electricity, and the lower limit is about 0.5 kV, and may be about 1.0 kV or more.
- the heat-shrinkable polyester film of the present invention is not limited by its production method.
- the polyester raw material (PET) described above is melt-extruded by an extruder to form an unstretched film
- the unstretched film can be obtained by biaxial stretching and heat treatment by the method shown below.
- the polyester raw material is preferably dried using a dryer such as a hopper dryer or a paddle dryer, or a vacuum dryer. After the polyester raw material is dried in such a manner, it is melted at a temperature of 200 to 300 ° C. and extruded into a film using an extruder.
- a dryer such as a hopper dryer or a paddle dryer, or a vacuum dryer.
- the polyester raw material is melted at a temperature of 200 to 300 ° C. and extruded into a film using an extruder.
- any existing method such as a T-die method or a tubular method can be employed.
- an unstretched film can be obtained by quenching the extruded sheet-like molten resin.
- a method of rapidly cooling the molten resin a method of obtaining a substantially unoriented resin sheet by casting the molten resin on a rotating drum from a die and rapidly solidifying it can be suitably employed.
- the obtained unstretched film is stretched in the transverse direction under a predetermined condition, and then heat-treated once (the heat treatment may or may not be performed), and thereafter, the film is elongated under the predetermined condition.
- the heat-shrinkable polyester film of the present invention can be obtained by stretching in the direction and performing a relaxation heat treatment.
- a preferred biaxial stretching / heat treatment method for obtaining the heat-shrinkable polyester film of the present invention will be described in detail in consideration of the difference from the conventional biaxial stretching / heat treatment method of the heat-shrinkable polyester film. .
- a normal heat-shrinkable polyester film is produced by stretching an unstretched film in the direction in which it is desired to shrink.
- JP-A-1-127317 discloses a film that shrinks in the longitudinal direction, but is not stretched in the transverse direction, so the mechanical strength in the width direction is low, and the right-angle tear strength is high, It is insufficient for use as a label for a dry battery exterior. Further, the thickness unevenness in the longitudinal direction was large.
- the draw ratio is 3.5 times or more and 6 times or less at the temperature of Tg + 5 ° C. or more and Tg + 40 ° C. or less at the time of the first transverse drawing. It is preferable to stretch by. If it is lower than 3.5 times, it is not necessarily sufficient to reduce the shrinkage in the width direction, which is not preferable. Further, the upper limit of the transverse stretching ratio is not particularly limited, but if it is higher than 6 times, it is not preferable because it becomes difficult to stretch in the longitudinal direction (breaking easily occurs).
- the stretching temperature in the transverse direction is less than Tg + 5 ° C., breakage tends to occur during stretching, which is not preferable.
- Tg + 40 ° C. the tensile rupture strength in the width direction may be lowered, which is not preferable. More preferably, it is Tg + 8 degreeC or more and Tg + 37 degreeC or less, More preferably, it is Tg + 11 degreeC or more and Tg + 34 degreeC or less.
- Stretch ratio in the longitudinal direction At the time of longitudinal stretching after transverse stretching, stretching is preferably performed at a stretching ratio of 1.5 to 2.5 times at a temperature of Tg + 5 ° C. or more and Tg + 40 ° C. or less. If it is less than 1.5 times, the shrinkage rate is insufficient, and if it exceeds 2.5 times, the shrinkage rate in the width direction becomes high, which is not preferable as a uniaxial shrink film in the longitudinal direction. More preferably, they are 1.6 times or more and 2.4 times or less, More preferably, they are 1.8 times or more and 2.3 times or less.
- the stretching temperature in the longitudinal direction is less than Tg + 5 ° C., breakage tends to occur during stretching, which is not preferable.
- Tg + 40 ° C. the thermal crystallization of the film proceeds and the shrinkage rate is lowered, which is not preferable. More preferably, it is Tg + 8 degreeC or more and Tg + 37 degreeC or less, More preferably, it is Tg + 11 degreeC or more and Tg + 34 degreeC or less.
- the film is preferably relaxed by 0% or more and 15% or less in the transverse direction while heat-treating at a temperature of Tg + 35 ° C. or more and Tg + 100 ° C. or less while holding both ends of the film with clips.
- Tg + 35 ° C. the 90 ° C. heat shrinkage rate in the longitudinal direction is increased, which is not preferable.
- Tg + 100 ° C. the thermal crystallization of the film proceeds and the 140 ° C. shrinkage in the longitudinal direction decreases, which is not preferable.
- the relaxation rate in the transverse direction is lower than 0%, it is not preferable because the film is substantially stretched in the transverse direction.
- the relaxation rate may be higher than 15%.
- the relaxation rate is high, the final film width becomes narrow, which is not preferable. More preferably, they are 1% or more and 14% or less, More preferably, they are 2% or more and 13% or less.
- the preferred stretching method in the present invention is exemplified by making the stretching ratio in the longitudinal direction smaller than the stretching ratio in the transverse direction.
- the main shrinkage direction may be the direction in which the refractive index is high by adopting a high draw ratio in the machine direction and the transverse direction.
- the present invention is not necessarily so. This is considered to be related to the property of crystalline PET that does not contain many monomer components that can be amorphous components in the present invention.
- the molecular chains are oriented and the crystallization of the molecular chains proceeds, which increases the thermal shrinkage in the width direction. It is assumed that it works as a factor for lowering.
- the draw ratio of about 1.5 to 2.5 times in the longitudinal direction is a region where crystallization does not proceed much even if molecular chains are oriented to some extent in the longitudinal direction. It is estimated that the rate will be obtained.
- the structure of the molecular chain is determined by the thermal contraction rate in the longitudinal direction and the width direction, the refractive index, and its magnitude relationship. It is expressed as a substitute measure.
- the relaxation heat treatment in the lateral direction also makes a certain contribution in reducing the thermal contraction rate in the width direction.
- Tables 1 and 2 show the properties, compositions, examples, and film production conditions (stretching / heat treatment conditions, etc.) of the raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples, respectively.
- the evaluation method of the film is as follows.
- Aging treatment (1) treatment by a thermo-hygrostat before measuring the breaking elongation in the width direction
- the temperature-and-humidity machine ⁇ manufacturer Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd., model IG43M> was placed in an environment at a temperature of 60 ° C. and a humidity of 65%, and the A4 size sampled film was aged for 672 hours.
- Aging treatment (2) treatment in an environmental test room before measuring static electricity]
- the environment test chamber was set to an environment with a temperature of 60 ° C. and a humidity of 65%, and in that environment, a product roll having a winding length of 1000 m was aged for 672 hours.
- the dynamic friction coefficient ⁇ d was determined when the front and back surfaces of the film were joined in a 23 ° C./65% RH environment using a tensile tester (TENSILON manufactured by ORIENTEC).
- the weight of the thread (weight) wound with the upper film was 1.5 kg, and the size of the bottom area of the thread was 63 mm long ⁇ 63 mm wide.
- the tensile speed at the time of friction measurement is 200 mm / min. Met.
- Tg glass transition point
- DSC220 differential scanning calorimeter
- Seiko Denshi Kogyo Co., Ltd. 5 mg of the unstretched film was heated from ⁇ 40 ° C. to 120 ° C. at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min, and the endotherm obtained. Obtained from the curve. A tangent line was drawn before and after the inflection point of the endothermic curve, and the intersection was defined as Tg (glass transition point).
- the longitudinal direction of the film was sampled into a long roll having a length of 30 m and a width of 40 mm, and the film was measured at a speed of 5 (m / min) using a continuous contact thickness meter manufactured by Micron Measuring Instruments Co., Ltd.
- the length direction of the film sample was set as the main shrinkage direction of the film.
- the maximum thickness at the time of measurement was Tmax.
- the minimum thickness was Tmin.
- the average thickness was Tave.
- Thickness unevenness ⁇ (Tmax. ⁇ Tmin.) / Tave. ⁇ ⁇ 100 (%)
- Perforation opening A label having a perforation in advance in a direction perpendicular to the main shrinkage direction was attached to the dry cell under the same conditions as those for measuring the shrinkage finish. However, the perforation was formed by putting holes having a length of 1 mm at intervals of 1 mm, and two perforations having a width of 22 mm were provided in the width direction of the film. Then, the perforation of the label was torn with a fingertip, and the number of labels that could be beautifully torn along the perforation in the width direction and removed from the dry battery was counted, and the ratio (%) to 50 samples was calculated. A defect rate of 10% or less was accepted.
- the peak intensity of a given proton is calculated, and the amount of monomer that can be an amorphous component such as diethylene glycol or neopentyl glycol in 100 mol% of a polyhydric alcohol component, or isophthalic acid in 100 mol% of a dicarboxylic acid component
- the amount of monomer that can be an amorphous component such as, the content (mol%) of the amorphous component constituting unit in 100 mol% of all constituting units was measured.
- polyesters used in the examples and comparative examples are as follows.
- Polyester 1 Polyethylene terephthalate (IV 0.75 dl / g)
- Polyester 2 Polyethylene terephthalate (IV 0.75 dl / g) in which SiO 2 (Silicia 266 manufactured by Fuji Silysia Co., Ltd.) was added as a lubricant at a ratio of 8,000 ppm with respect to the polyester in the production of the above polyester 2.
- Polyester 3 70% by mole of ethylene glycol, 30% by mole of neopentyl glycol And IV polyester (IV 0.72dl / g)
- polyesters 1 to 3 described above are a structural unit whose main structural unit is composed of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol. However, as a by-product, the structural unit composed of terephthalic acid and diethylene glycol is also 0.4 mole relative to all the structural units. About% is contained.
- Polyester 1 and polyester 2 were mixed at a weight ratio of 93: 7 and charged into an extruder. Thereafter, the mixed resin was melted at 280 ° C., extruded from a T-die, wound around a rotating metal roll cooled to a surface temperature of 30 ° C., and rapidly cooled to obtain an unstretched film having a thickness of 240 ⁇ m.
- the take-up speed of the unstretched film (rotational speed of the metal roll) is about 20 m / min. Met.
- the Tg of the unstretched film was 75 ° C.
- the unstretched film was guided to a tenter (first tenter) in which a transverse stretching zone, an intermediate zone, and an intermediate heat treatment zone were continuously provided.
- the film is stretched 4 times at 85 ° C. in the transverse direction in the transverse stretching zone, and heat-treated at 70 ° C. A laterally stretched film having a thickness of 60 ⁇ m was obtained.
- the obtained transversely stretched film is led to a longitudinal stretching machine in which a plurality of roll groups are continuously arranged, preheated until the film temperature reaches 80 ° C. on the preheating roll, and then the stretching roll set to a surface temperature of 95 ° C.
- the film was stretched 2.0 times. Thereafter, the longitudinally stretched film was forcibly cooled by a cooling roll set at a surface temperature of 25 ° C.
- the surface temperature of the film before cooling was about 85 degreeC
- the surface temperature of the film after cooling was about 25 degreeC.
- the time required for cooling from 70 ° C. to 25 ° C. was about 1.0 second, and the film cooling rate was 45 ° C./second.
- the cooled film was guided to a tenter (second tenter), and heat-treated for 5.0 seconds in an atmosphere at 140 ° C. with both ends in the width direction held by clips in the second tenter.
- the relaxation rate at this time was 0%.
- the film was cooled, and both edges were cut and removed to continuously form a biaxially stretched film of about 30 ⁇ m over a predetermined length to obtain a film roll made of a heat-shrinkable polyester film. .
- the characteristic of the obtained film was evaluated by the above-mentioned method. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3. It was an excellent film that was balanced in terms of shrink finish, perforation opening rate, and breaking elongation in the width direction after aging.
- Example 2 A biaxially stretched film of about 30 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the transverse stretch ratio in the first tenter was changed to 4.1 times and the relaxation rate in the second tenter was changed to 2.5%. .
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 3. It was an excellent film with a good balance of shrink finish, perforation opening rate, and elongation in the width direction after aging.
- Example 3 A biaxially stretched film of about 30 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the unstretched film was 285 ⁇ m, the longitudinal stretching ratio was 2.5 times, and the relaxation rate in the second tenter was changed to 5%. It was. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3. It was an excellent film with a good balance of shrink finish, perforation opening rate, and elongation in the width direction after aging.
- Example 4 A biaxially stretched film of about 30 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the unstretched film was changed to 203 ⁇ m and the longitudinal stretch ratio was changed to 1.5 times.
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 3. It was an excellent film with a good balance of shrink finish, perforation opening rate, and elongation in the width direction after aging.
- Example 5 A biaxially stretched film of about 30 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature in the second tenter was changed to 160 ° C. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3. It was an excellent film with a good balance of shrink finish, perforation opening rate, and elongation in the width direction after aging.
- Example 6 The thickness of the unstretched film was 189 ⁇ m, the transverse stretch ratio in the first tenter was changed to 3.5 times, and the relaxation rate in the second tenter was changed to 10%. An axially stretched film was obtained. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3. It was an excellent film with a good balance of shrink finish, perforation opening rate, and elongation in the width direction after aging.
- Example 1 A uniaxially stretched film of about 30 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the unstretched film was 60 ⁇ m, the first tenter step was skipped, and the longitudinal stretching temperature was changed to 85 ° C. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3. The film was inferior to Example 1 in terms of perforation opening rate and elongation in the width direction after aging.
- Example 2 A biaxially stretched film of about 30 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature of the second tenter was 110 ° C. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3. It was a film having a high shrinkage ratio in the longitudinal direction at 90 ° C. and inferior shrinkage finishability to that of Example 1.
- Example 3 A biaxially stretched film having a thickness of about 30 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the raw material ratio was changed from polyester 1, polyester 2, and polyester 3 to a weight ratio of 68: 7: 25. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3. The film was inferior in tensile elongation at break in the film width direction after aging, and was concerned about deterioration after aging from Example 1. In addition, high static electricity was generated during unwinding.
- thermoshrinkable polyester film of the present invention has excellent processing characteristics as described above, it can be suitably used especially for labels for exterior batteries and similar applications.
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Abstract
Description
1. エチレンテレフタレートを主たる構成成分とし、全ポリエステル樹脂成分中において非晶質成分となりうるモノマー成分が0モル%以上1モル%未満含有されているポリエステル系樹脂によって形成されているとともに、下記要件(1)~(4)を満たすことを特徴とする熱収縮性ポリエステル系フィルム。
(1)90℃の熱風オーブン中で5分に亘って処理した場合における長手方向の熱収縮率が-1%以上5%以下であること
(2)140℃に加温した熱風オーブン中で5分に亘って処理した場合における長手方向の熱収縮率が15%以上40%以下であること
(3)140℃に加温した熱風オーブン中で5分に亘って処理した場合における幅方向の熱収縮率が-5%以上5%以下であること
(4)60℃に設定された恒温恒湿機で672時間エージングした後のフィルム幅方向の破断伸度が25%以上80%以下であること
2. 幅方向の引張破断強度が200MPa以上400MPa以下であることを特徴とする上記第1に記載の熱収縮性ポリエステル系フィルム。
3. 幅方向の屈折率が1.62以上1.66以下であることを特徴とする上記第1又は第2に記載の熱収縮性ポリエステル系フィルム。
4. ヘイズが2%以上12%以下であることを特徴とする上記第1~第3のいずれかに記載の熱収縮性ポリエステル系フィルム。
5. フィルムの一方の面とその裏側の面との動摩擦係数が0.1以上0.7以下であることを特徴とする上記第1~第4のいずれかに記載の熱収縮性ポリエステル系フィルム。
6. 60℃に設定された環境試験室内で672時間エージングした後、製品ロールを速度200m/minで巻き出した時の静電気が5kV以下であることを特徴とする上記第1~第5のいずれかに記載の熱収縮性ポリエステル系フィルム。
熱収縮率={(収縮前の長さ-収縮後の長さ)/収縮前の長さ}×100(%)・・式1
140℃に調整された熱風オーブン中でフィルムを長手方向に10%収縮させた後に、JIS-K-7128に準じて所定の大きさの試験片としてサンプリングする。しかる後に、万能引張試験機で試験片の両端を掴み、引張速度200mm/分の条件にて引張試験を行い、フィルムが長手方向に完全に引き裂かれたときの最大荷重を測定した。この最大荷重をフィルムの厚みで除して、単位厚み当たりの直角引裂強度を算出した。
通常の熱収縮性ポリエステル系フィルムは、収縮させたい方向に未延伸フィルムを延伸することによって製造される。従来から長手方向に収縮する熱収縮性ポリエステル系フィルムについての要求は高かったものの、未延伸フィルムを単純に長手方向に延伸するだけでは、幅の広いフィルムが製造できないため生産性が悪い。また、特開平1-127317号公報には、長手方向には収縮するフィルムが開示されているが、横方向に延伸されていないので幅方向の機械的強度が低く、かつ直角引裂き強度は高く、乾電池外装用ラベルとして使用するには不十分である。また長手方向の厚み斑も大きかった。
本発明者らは、60℃での672時間エージング後のフィルムの非収縮方向の破断伸度が25%以上となるよう研究した結果、非晶PET原料を使用しないフィルムにすれば良いことを発見した。しかし これまで熱収縮フィルムは 非晶PET原料を用いて、収縮させたい方向に高い倍率で延伸を実施し、分子鎖を配向させて収縮させるというのが常識であった。しかし発明者らは研究の結果、非晶性の原料を使用せず、実質的なホモPETだけを使用する場合でも、延伸倍率2倍前後にすることにより、熱収縮させることが可能であることを発見した。この結晶性ホモPETだけを使用する場合には、延伸倍率を3倍程度より高くすると 延伸方向の収縮率は低下していくことがわかった。
上記の研究結果より、二軸に延伸して長手方向を主収縮方向として収縮させるには、最初の横延伸時にTg+5℃以上Tg+40℃以下の温度で、3.5倍以上6倍以下の延伸倍率で延伸することが好ましい。3.5倍より低いと幅方向の収縮率を低下させるには必ずしも十分で無いので好ましくない。また、横延伸倍率の上限は特に限定されるものでもないが、6倍より高いと、長手方向に延伸しにくくなる(破断を生じやすくなる)ので好ましくない。より好ましくは3.7倍以上5.8倍以下であり、更に好ましくは 3.9倍以上5.6倍以下である。このように非晶PET原料を使用しないフィルムの横延伸倍率と幅方向の収縮率の関係は上記のようになるので、上記特許文献2で示されているような横方向延伸後の熱処理は、実施してもしなくても、どちらでも構わない。
横延伸後の縦延伸時には、Tg+5℃以上Tg+40℃以下の温度で、1.5倍以上2.5倍以下の延伸倍率で延伸することが好ましい。1.5倍未満では収縮率が不足し、2.5倍を超えると、幅方向の収縮率が高くなってくるので 長手方向への一軸収縮フィルムとして好ましくない。より好ましくは1.6倍以上2.4倍以下であり、更に好ましくは1.8倍以上2.3倍以下である。
縦延伸後、フィルム両端をクリップで把持した状態で、Tg+35℃以上Tg+100℃以下の温度で熱処理をしながら、横方向に0%以上15%以下の弛緩をすることが好ましい。熱処理温度がTg+35℃未満であると、長手方向の90℃熱収縮率が高くなり好ましくない。またTg+100℃より高いと、フィルムの熱結晶化が進んで長手方向の140℃収縮率が低下するので好ましくない。より好ましくはTg+38℃以上Tg+97℃以下であり、更に好ましくはTg+41℃以上Tg+94℃以下である。また横方向の弛緩率は0%より低いと、実質的に横方向に延伸することとなりとして好ましくない。また弛緩率は15%より高くても構わないが、弛緩率が高いと最終的に製品となるフィルム幅が狭くなるので好ましくない。より好ましくは1%以上14%以下であり、更に好ましくは2%以上13%以下である。
90±0.5℃、140±0.5℃の所定の温度の熱風オーブンを用いて、JIS C 2318-1997 5.3.4(寸法変化)に準拠し、長手方向、幅方向の寸法変化率(%)を測定し、上式1より求めた。
ポリエステル0.2gをフェノール/1,1,2,2-テトラクロルエタン(60/40(重量比))の混合溶媒50ml中に溶解し、30℃でオストワルド粘度計を用いて測定した。単位はdl/g。
アタゴ社製の「アッベ屈折計4T型」を用いて、各試料フィルムを23℃、65%RHの雰囲気中で2時間以上放置した後に測定した。
140℃に調整された熱風オーブン中にてフィルムを主収縮方向に10%収縮させた後に、JIS-K-7128に準じて、図1に示す形状にサンプリングすることによって試験片を作製した(なお、サンプリングにおいては、試験片の長手方向をフィルムの主収縮方向とした)。しかる後に、万能引張試験機((株)島津製作所製 オートグラフ(登録商標))で試験片の両端を掴み、引張速度200mm/分の条件にて引張試験を行い、フィルムが長手方向に完全に引き裂かれたときの最大荷重を測定した。この最大荷重をフィルムの厚みで除して、単位厚み当たりの直角引裂強度を算出した。
JIS-K-7127に準じて、主収縮方向と直交する方向(フィルム幅方向)の長さ50mm×主収縮方向(フィルム長手方向)の長さ20mmの長方形状にサンプリングして試験片とし、万能引張試験機((株)島津製作所製 オートグラフ(登録商標))を利用して、試験片の両端(長尺方向の両端)を掴み、引張速度200mm/分の条件にて引張試験を行い、破断時の応力値を引張破壊強度として算出した。また破断時の伸びを破断伸度とした。
恒温恒湿機<メーカー ヤマト科学株式会社,型式 IG43M>の内を 温度60℃、湿度65%の環境にし、その環境下でA4サイズにサンプリングされたフィルムを672時間、静置でエージング処理した。
[エージング処理(2):静電気を測定する前の環境試験室での処理]
環境試験室の内を 温度60℃、湿度65%の環境にし、その環境下で巻長1000mの製品ロールを672時間 静置でエージング処理した。
JIS-K-7136に準拠し、ヘイズメータ(日本電色工業株式会社製、300A)を用いて測定した。なお、測定は2回行い、その平均値を求めた。
JIS K-7125に準拠し、引張試験機(ORIENTEC社製テンシロン)を用
い、23℃・65%RH環境下で、フィルムの表面と裏面とを接合させた場合の動摩擦係数μdを求めた。なお、上側のフィルムを巻き付けたスレッド(錘)の重量は、1.5kgであり、スレッドの底面積の大きさは、縦63mm×横63mmであった。また、摩擦測定の際の引張速度は、200mm/min.であった。
上記エージング処理された製品ロールを 片岡機器製作所製2次SL(型式 KE70)に設置し、巻き取り速度200m/minで巻き取りを行いながら、春日電機(株)製デジタル静電電位測定器(型式 KSD-1000)で測定した。
セイコー電子工業株式会社製の示差走査熱量計(型式:DSC220)を用いて、未延伸フィルム5mgを、-40℃から120℃まで、昇温速度10℃/分で昇温し、得られた吸熱曲線より求めた。吸熱曲線の変曲点の前後に接線を引き、その交点をTg(ガラス転移点)とした。
フィルム長手方向を長さ30m×幅40mmの長尺なロール状にサンプリングし、ミクロン測定器株式会社製の連続接触式厚み計を用いて、5(m/分)の速度で測定した。なお、上記したロール状のフィルム試料のサンプリングにおいては、フィルム試料の長さ方向をフィルムの主収縮方向とした。測定時の最大厚みをTmax.、最小厚みをTmin.、平均厚みをTave.とし、下式2からフィルムの長手方向の厚み斑を算出した。
厚み斑={(Tmax.-Tmin.)/Tave.}×100 (%) ・・式2
得られた熱収縮性フィルムを、長手方向が縦になるように、縦105mm×横40mmのサイズで切り出した。そして、単一乾電池の上端際の外周に両面テープを張り付け、その両面テープの外側に、切り出したフィルムを、図1の如く、当該フィルムの長辺の一方が乾電池の端部より3mmだけはみ出るようにフィルムを巻き付けた。そして、そのようにフィルムを巻き付けた乾電池に、200℃(風速10m/秒)の熱風を10秒間当て続けてフィルムを熱収縮させた。しかる後に、収縮後の仕上り性を目視により下記の2段階で評価した。
○:収縮不足、収縮斑がほとんどない
×:収縮不足、又は 収縮斑のどちらかが生じた
予め主収縮方向とは直向する方向にミシン目を入れておいたラベルを、上記した収縮仕上り性の測定条件と同一の条件で乾電池に装着した。ただし、ミシン目は、長さ1mmの孔を1mm間隔で入れることによって形成し、フィルムの幅方向に幅22mmで2本設けた。その後、ラベルのミシン目を指先で引裂き、幅方向にミシン目に沿って綺麗に裂け、ラベルを乾電池から外すことができた本数を数え、全サンプル50本に対する割合(%)を算出した。不良率10%以下を合格とした。
各試料を、クロロホルムD(ユーリソップ社製)とトリフルオロ酢酸D1(ユーリソップ社製)を10:1(体積比)で混合した溶媒に溶解させて、試料溶液を調製し、NMR(「GEMINI-200」;Varian社製)を用いて、温度23℃、積算回数32回の測定条件で試料溶液のプロトンのNMRを測定した。NMR測定では、所定のプロトンのピーク強度を算出して、多価アルコール成分100モル%中のジエチレングリコールやネオペンチルグリコールなどの非晶成分となりうるモノマー量、又はジカルボン酸成分100モル%中のイソフタル酸などのような非晶成分となりうるモノマー量を測定することで、全構成ユニット100モル%中の非晶成分構成ユニットの含有率(モル%)を測定した。
ポリエステル2:上記ポリエステル2の製造の際に、滑剤としてSiO2(富士シリシア社製サイリシア266)をポリエステルに対して8,000ppmの割合で添加したポリエチレンテレフタレート(IV 0.75dl/g)
ポリエステル3:エチレングリコール70モル%,ネオペンチルグリコール30モル%
とテレフタル酸とからなるポリエステル(IV 0.72dl/g)
上記したポリエステル1~3の各々は、主構成ユニットがテレフタル酸とエチレングリコールからなる構成ユニットであるが、副生成物として、テレフタル酸とジエチレングリコールからなる構成ユニットも全構成ユニットに対し0.4モル%程度含有されている。ポリエステル1とポリエステル2とを重量比93:7で混合して押出機に投入した。しかる後、その混合樹脂を280℃で溶融させてTダイから押出し、表面温度30℃に冷却された回転する金属ロールに巻き付けて急冷することにより、厚さが240μmの未延伸フィルムを得た。このときの未延伸フィルムの引取速度(金属ロールの回転速度)は、約20m/min.であった。また、未延伸フィルムのTgは75℃であった。しかる後、その未延伸フィルムを、横延伸ゾーン、中間ゾーン、中間熱処理ゾーンを連続的に設けたテンター(第1テンター)に導いた。
第1テンターでの横延伸倍率を4.1倍、第2テンターでの弛緩率を2.5%に変更した以外は実施例1と同様の方法によって、約30μmの二軸延伸フィルムを得た。評価結果を表3に示す。収縮仕上り性、ミシン目開封率、エージング後の幅方向破断伸度についてバランスがとれた優れたフィルムであった。
未延伸フィルムの厚みを285μm、縦延伸倍率を2.5倍、第2テンターでの弛緩率を5%に変更した以外は実施例1と同様の方法によって、約30μmの二軸延伸フィルムを得た。評価結果を表3に示す。収縮仕上り性、ミシン目開封率、エージング後の幅方向破断伸度についてバランスがとれた優れたフィルムであった。
未延伸フィルムの厚みを203μm、縦延伸倍率を1.5倍に変更した以外は実施例1と同様の方法によって、約30μmの二軸延伸フィルムを得た。評価結果を表3に示す。収縮仕上り性、ミシン目開封率、エージング後の幅方向破断伸度についてバランスがとれた優れたフィルムであった。
第2テンターでの温度を160℃に変更した以外は実施例1と同様の方法によって、約30μmの二軸延伸フィルムを得た。評価結果を表3に示す。収縮仕上り性、ミシン目開封率、エージング後の幅方向破断伸度についてバランスがとれた優れたフィルムであった。
未延伸フィルムの厚みを189μm、第1テンターでの横延伸倍率を3.5倍、第2テンターでの弛緩率を10%に変更した以外は実施例1と同様の方法によって、約30μmの二軸延伸フィルムを得た。評価結果を表3に示す。収縮仕上り性、ミシン目開封率、エージング後の幅方向破断伸度についてバランスがとれた優れたフィルムであった。
未延伸フィルムの厚みを60μm、第1テンター工程をとばし、縦延伸温度を85℃に変更した以外は実施例1と同様の方法によって、約30μmの一軸延伸フィルムを得た。評価結果を表3に示す。ミシン目開封率、エージング後の幅方向破断伸度が実施例1より劣るフィルムであった。
第2テンターの温度を110℃とした以外は実施例1と同様の方法によって、約30μmの二軸延伸フィルムを得た。評価結果を表3に示す。90℃の長手方向の収縮率が高く、実施例1より収縮仕上り性が劣るフィルムであった。
原料比率をポリエステル1とポリエステル2とポリエステル3を重量比68:7:25に変更した以外は実施例1と同様の方法によって、約30μmの二軸延伸フィルムを得た。評価結果を表3に示す。エージング後のフィルム幅方向の引張破断伸度が劣り、実施例1より経時後の劣化が懸念されるフィルムであった。また、巻き出し時の静電気も高く発生した。
押出機に投入するポリエステル1とポリエステル2とポリエステル3の混合割合を重量比86:7:7に変更した。また未延伸フィルムの厚みを198μmとして、第一テンターでの横延伸倍率を3.3倍に変更した。次いで縦延伸機での表面温度105℃に変更して2倍延伸した。また第2テンターでの温度を125℃に変更した他は実施例1と同様にして約30μmの二軸延伸フィルムを得た。そして、得られたフィルムの特性を上記の方法によって評価した。評価結果を表3に示す。実施例1に対し、高温経時後の劣化に課題が残るフィルムであった。また巻き出し時の静電気も高く発生した。
Claims (6)
- エチレンテレフタレートを主たる構成成分とし、全ポリエステル樹脂成分中において非晶質成分となりうるモノマー成分が0モル%以上1モル%未満含有されているポリエステル系樹脂によって形成されているとともに、下記要件(1)~(4)を満たすことを特徴とする熱収縮性ポリエステル系フィルム。
(1)90℃の熱風オーブン中で5分に亘って処理した場合における長手方向の熱収縮率が-1%以上5%以下であること
(2)140℃に加温した熱風オーブン中で5分に亘って処理した場合における長手方向の熱収縮率が15%以上40%以下であること
(3)140℃に加温した熱風オーブン中で5分に亘って処理した場合における幅方向の熱収縮率が-5%以上5%以下であること
(4)60℃に設定された恒温恒湿機で672時間エージングした後のフィルム幅方向の破断伸度が25%以上80%以下であること - 幅方向の引張破断強度が200MPa以上400MPa以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱収縮性ポリエステル系フィルム。
- 幅方向の屈折率が1.62以上1.66以下であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の熱収縮性ポリエステル系フィルム。
- ヘイズが2%以上12%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の熱収縮性ポリエステル系フィルム。
- フィルムの一方の面とその裏側の面との動摩擦係数が0.1以上0.7以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の熱収縮性ポリエステル系フィルム。
- 60℃に設定された環境試験室内で672時間エージングした後、製品ロールを速度200m/minで巻き出した時の静電気が5kV以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の熱収縮性ポリエステル系フィルム。
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JPWO2014034704A1 (ja) | 2016-08-08 |
US20150218308A1 (en) | 2015-08-06 |
TW201414765A (zh) | 2014-04-16 |
CN104582937B (zh) | 2016-10-26 |
CN104582937A (zh) | 2015-04-29 |
KR20150048704A (ko) | 2015-05-07 |
TWI576367B (zh) | 2017-04-01 |
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