WO2013166825A1 - Bag breaking and crushing device with cutter cleaning function for municipal solid waste - Google Patents

Bag breaking and crushing device with cutter cleaning function for municipal solid waste Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013166825A1
WO2013166825A1 PCT/CN2012/085562 CN2012085562W WO2013166825A1 WO 2013166825 A1 WO2013166825 A1 WO 2013166825A1 CN 2012085562 W CN2012085562 W CN 2012085562W WO 2013166825 A1 WO2013166825 A1 WO 2013166825A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
crushing
tooth plate
cleaning function
plate
knife
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/085562
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王树众
王龙飞
赵军
孟海鱼
陈林
李学东
Original Assignee
西安交通大学
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Application filed by 西安交通大学 filed Critical 西安交通大学
Publication of WO2013166825A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013166825A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/09—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate
    • B02C13/095—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate with an adjustable anvil or impact plate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
    • B02C18/0092—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage for waste water or for garbage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/145—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with knives spaced axially and circumferentially on the periphery of a cylindrical rotor unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B69/00—Unpacking of articles or materials, not otherwise provided for
    • B65B69/0008—Opening and emptying bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C2018/188—Stationary counter-knives; Mountings thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of environmental protection machinery, in particular to an urban domestic garbage broken bag breaking device with a clearing knife function.
  • China's garbage disposal mainly adopts three methods of landfill, composting and incineration. However, at present, it is unable to realize the requirements of harmless and resource-recycling of domestic garbage.
  • the landfill method China's landfill disposal waste accounts for more than 85% of the total waste treatment. Landfills are prone to produce CH 4 landfill gas, which is prone to explosion in case of fire, and explosions occurred in landfills in Guangdong and Yunnan. Landfill leachate from landfills contains heavy metals, toxic and harmful organic chemical pollutants, and Escherichia coli and other viral pathogens. After infiltration into groundwater, it will cause serious pollution of water resources.
  • the composting method accounts for about 4% of the garbage disposal methods. Composting can realize the resource utilization of waste, but the classification in the composting process is not complete, and the residues of plastic, iron, glass, etc. in the fertilizer raw materials cause the fertilizer to be unclean, and the composting product loses the value as a fertilizer or soil conditioner, and Cause soil pollution and bring harm to crops.
  • the composting method achieves a 70% reduction rate, and more than 30% of its compost residue needs to be disposed of separately.
  • the core of this method is to sort and recycle the recyclable materials in the garbage through the mechanical sorting technology of garbage.
  • Existing crushing machinery is mainly divided into jaw crusher, gyratory crusher, hammer crusher, Counter-crushing machines, etc., these crushing machines can only crush single-material materials, and the scope of application is narrow.
  • the garbage often contains various large-sized materials, flexible materials and hard materials, which have special requirements for crushing machinery. For example, flexible materials such as clothes and plastics contained in garbage are difficult to handle in existing crushing machines.
  • the commonly used garbage bag breaking machine in China is mainly based on the roller bag breaking machine.
  • the working principle is as follows: The tipping knife is mounted on the rotating drum with low speed rotation.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an urban domestic garbage broken bag breaking device capable of effectively crushing large-sized materials, flexible materials and hard materials in mixed garbage, and having high cutting efficiency, no clogging and stable work, and having a clearing knife function. To achieve the crushing of large-sized garbage and large-sized garbage, and prepare for the subsequent garbage sorting and resource utilization process.
  • the utility model relates to an urban domestic garbage bag breaking and crushing device with a clearing knife function, comprising a casing and a crushing chamber located in the casing; a rotating shaft is arranged in the crushing chamber, a roller is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, and a plurality of five-pointed sharp heads are distributed on the roller;
  • the cleaning device is also arranged in the room, and the cleaning device is connected with the hydraulic device for controlling the opening and closing;
  • the crushing chamber is further provided with a tooth plate for crushing the material with the five-pointed cutting head, and the welding is performed thereon. There are teeth.
  • the five-pointed tip is made of a hard wear-resistant corrosion-resistant alloy 42CrMo
  • the cutter head is in the form of a hook with a pointed end
  • at least two rows of mutually symmetrical five-pointed cutter heads are arranged on the roller along the axial direction of the roller.
  • the five-pointed tip is evenly arranged on a circumferential surface perpendicular to the center of the rotating shaft, and the adjacent two rows of five-pointed cutting heads are staggered along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the five-pointed tip is curved in a whole
  • the upper part is contracted into a pointed head, and the lower part is columnar, and one side has an obtuse angle edge.
  • the tooth plate is connected with a pull rod for the position of the adjuster
  • the teeth are quadrangular pyramid teeth
  • the quadrangular pyramid teeth are arranged in a staggered manner on the tooth plate.
  • the knife device is provided with a triangular groove that cooperates with the five-pointed tip.
  • the front part of the crushing chamber is provided with a guide plate, the inclination angle of the guide plate is 45 ⁇ 60°, and the roller is located at the end of the guide plate.
  • the tooth plate comprises a first plate and a second plate which are obtuse angles, and the first plate and the second plate are respectively provided with teeth.
  • the tooth plate comprises a first tooth plate and a second tooth plate, and the second tooth plate is away from the guide plate of the front portion of the crushing chamber than the first tooth plate.
  • the rotating shaft has a hexagonal prism shape.
  • the root of the five-pointed sharp knife can hit the hard material, and the cutter head is in the form of a hook with a pointed shape to quickly break the bag.
  • the position adjustable tooth plate can adjust the angle with the spindle rotation speed, so that the counterattack material collides with the tooth plate on the front side, and the quadrangular pyramid tooth on the one hand can crush the hard material on the one hand, and prevent the water content from being on the other hand. High-quality bonding.
  • the cleaning device can remove tough materials such as plastic bags wound on the rotating shaft, and the hydraulic device can be used for the cleaning device to avoid the accumulation and blockage of the material at the clearing position.
  • the guide plate can make the material slide out of the guide plate and meet the five-pointed tip to achieve the best crushing effect.
  • the device of the invention is driven by the motor, the five-pointed tip rotates clockwise with the roller, and a counter-attack space is formed between the roller and the tooth plate in the crushing chamber, and the large piece of hard material waste is quickly crushed or counterattacked by the five-pointed tip.
  • the large bag of garbage is cut by a sharp knife, the knife removal device removes the tough material wrapped around the shaft, and the broken garbage is discharged from the bottom.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural schematic view of a city living garbage bag breaking and breaking device having a clearing knife function according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the spindle of the present invention.
  • Figure 3-1 is a schematic view of a five-pointed tip of the present invention
  • Figure 3-2 is a side view of Figure 3-1
  • Figure 3-3 is a right side view of Figure 3-4
  • 3-4 is a front view
  • Mapping is a schematic view of a five-pointed tip of the present invention
  • Fig. 4-1 is a schematic structural view of the knife apparatus of the present invention
  • Fig. 4-2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 4-1.
  • the present invention discloses a municipal solid waste bag breaking device having a clearing knife function, comprising a casing 1, a crushing chamber 2 in the casing 1, a driving device, and a tooth plate (8 and 10). ), hexagonal shaft 3, knife cleaning device 6.
  • a discharge port is arranged below the crushing chamber 2, and a motor-driven hexagonal shaft 3 is arranged in the crushing chamber 2.
  • the hexagonal shaft 3 includes a bearing 14 fixedly connected to the casing 1, and the hexagonal shaft 3 is fixedly mounted thereon.
  • a five-pointed tip 5 is staggered on the roller 4.
  • the five-pointed tip 5 is made of hard wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy structural steel GB 42CrMo.
  • the five-pointed tip is curved in its entirety. The upper part is contracted into a pointed head and the lower part is column-shaped. An obtuse edge is formed on one side of the knife.
  • the five-pointed cutting head 5 is fixed to the outer wall of the roller 4 by bolts, and the five-pointed sharp cutting head 5 is evenly arranged on the circumferential surface of the roller 4 centering on the rotating shaft of the hexagonal rotating shaft 3, and the adjacent two rows of five-pointed sharp cutting heads 5 are along the edge.
  • the circumferential directions of the rollers 4 are staggered.
  • the five-edge cutting head 5 and the cleaning device 6 cooperate with each other to avoid the winding of the plastic bag and the like in the waste on the hexagonal shaft.
  • the cleaning device 6 is hingedly fixed to the casing 1, and the cleaning device 6 is further mounted.
  • the cleaning device 6 can be controlled by the hydraulic device 7 to realize automatic opening and closing, and the five-pointed sharp cutting head 5 adopts a hard wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy to realize crushing large pieces of waste and plastic bags, the teeth
  • the plate 8 is hinged to the end of the frame, and the other end is fixed to the frame by a threaded rod 9.
  • the first tooth plate 8 and the second tooth plate 10 are welded with quadrangular pyramid teeth, and the first tooth plate 8 and the second tooth plate 10 are welded.
  • the angle can be adjusted by the tie rods 9, 11 and the speed of the roller 4 can be used to make the counterattack material always perpendicular to the tooth plate surface.
  • the rotating shaft 3 drives the roller 4 to rotate clockwise, and the municipal solid waste enters the crushing chamber 2 from the feeding port of the crushing chamber 2, and slides to the roller 4 through the guiding plate 12, and the material slides out of the guiding plate 12
  • the five-pointed cutting head 5 on the roller 4 collides, the hard material is hit and flies toward the first toothed plate 8, and then falls back to collide with the five-pointed cutting head 5, and then flies to the second toothed plate 10 for two. After the crushing, the crushed material is discharged from the lower discharge port of the crushing chamber 2.
  • the large bag of garbage After the large bag of garbage is slid out from the guide plate 12, it is cut by the five-pointed cutting head 5, and the discharged material is discharged from the discharge opening through secondary crushing, wherein a flexible material such as plastic may be wound around the roller 4, and the roller 4 is rotated to the clear.
  • a flexible material such as plastic may be wound around the roller 4, and the roller 4 is rotated to the clear.
  • the teeth on the knife cleaning device 6 cooperate with the five-pointed tip 5 to remove the flexible material wound around the roller 4. If the blockage occurs in the vicinity of the knife device 6, the knife device 6 can avoid the discharge blockage. Rubbish.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

A bag breaking and crushing device with a cutter cleaning function for municipal solid waste comprises a housing (1) and a crushing chamber (2) located in the housing (1). A revolving shaft (3) is disposed in the crushing chamber (2), and a roller (4) is fixedly mounted on the revolving shaft (3). Several five-edge sharp cutter heads (5) are distributed on the roller (4). A cutter cleaning device (6) fitting the five-edge sharp cutter heads (5) is further disposed in the crushing chamber (2), and the cutter cleaning device (6) is connected to a hydraulic device (7) controlling opening and closing of the cutter cleaning device (6). Tooth plates (8, 10) fitting the five-edge sharp cutter head (5) for crushing materials are further disposed in the crushing chamber (2), and have teeth welded thereon. The crushing device can better implement a pre-treatment process for waste resource utilization, can effectively process various hard materials and flexible materials, has functions of preventing winding, breaking large pieces, and breaking large bags, and improves the crushing efficiency in waste processing.

Description

一种具有清刀功能的城市生活垃圾破袋破碎装置 技术领域  Urban domestic garbage broken bag breaking device with clearing knife function
本发明涉及环保机械领域， 特别涉及一种具有清刀功能的城市生活垃圾 破袋破碎装置。  The invention relates to the field of environmental protection machinery, in particular to an urban domestic garbage broken bag breaking device with a clearing knife function.
背景技术 Background technique
随着国家经济快速发展， 城市生活垃圾产生量急剧增长。 2010年， 全国 城市生活垃圾清运量达 1.5亿吨， 垃圾的填埋与堆放占用土地达 80多万亩， 全国三分之二的大中城市陷入垃圾的包围， 四分之一的城市已没有合适的垃 圾堆放场所， 新的垃圾场选址和建设都面临困难。 据预计， 至 2020年， 城市 生活垃圾清运量将达 2.5亿吨， 垃圾处理问题迫在眉睫。  With the rapid development of the national economy, the amount of municipal solid waste generated has increased dramatically. In 2010, the amount of urban domestic garbage cleared and transported reached 150 million tons. The landfill and dumping of land occupied more than 800,000 mu of land. Two-thirds of the country’s large and medium-sized cities were surrounded by garbage, and one quarter of the cities had Without proper dumping sites, new landfill sites and construction are facing difficulties. It is estimated that by 2020, the amount of municipal solid waste will be cleared to 250 million tons, and the problem of garbage disposal is imminent.
我国垃圾处理主要采用填埋、 堆肥和焚烧三种方式， 但目前其均无法实 现生活垃圾处理无害化及资源化要求。 其一， 填埋法。 我国填埋处理垃圾占 到垃圾处理总量的 85%以上。 填埋场极易产生的富含 CH4填埋气， 遇火易发 生***， 广东、 云南多地填埋场发生***事故。 填埋场产生的垃圾渗滤液中 含有重金属、 有毒有害的有机化学污染物、 大肠杆菌等病毒病菌， 渗入地下 水后， 会造成水资源严重污染。 北京永定河河西水源地就因附近垃圾场渗滤 液处理不当， 该区 10万人的饮用水安全受到极大威胁。 其二， 焚烧法。 我国 垃圾焚烧法约占 9%。 焚烧法有效地利用了垃圾中的热能， 减量 75%以上， 但 是其产生剧毒性致癌物质 "二噁英"， 并且飞灰中含有挥发性重金属， 导致严 重的二次污染。 重金属及二噁英均无法实时在线监测， 并且处理手段昂贵， 其处理费用将占到垃圾焚烧电厂总投资 1/3 以上， 并且理论上无法实现零排 放。 目前， 广州等地数个垃圾焚烧电厂已在社会公众极力反对之中被迫停运。 美国、 日本等发达国家在 2000年后持续关停垃圾焚烧电厂。 其三， 堆肥法。 垃圾处理方法中堆肥法约占 4%。 堆肥可实现垃圾的资源化利用， 但是堆肥过 程中分类不细不彻底， 塑料、 铁、 玻璃等残留在制肥原料中造成肥料不净， 堆肥产品失去作为肥料或土壤改良剂的价值， 还会造成土壤污染， 对农作物 带来危害。 堆肥法达到 70%减量率， 其 30%以上堆肥残余物需要另行处置。 China's garbage disposal mainly adopts three methods of landfill, composting and incineration. However, at present, it is unable to realize the requirements of harmless and resource-recycling of domestic garbage. First, the landfill method. China's landfill disposal waste accounts for more than 85% of the total waste treatment. Landfills are prone to produce CH 4 landfill gas, which is prone to explosion in case of fire, and explosions occurred in landfills in Guangdong and Yunnan. Landfill leachate from landfills contains heavy metals, toxic and harmful organic chemical pollutants, and Escherichia coli and other viral pathogens. After infiltration into groundwater, it will cause serious pollution of water resources. The water source in the West of Yongding River in Beijing was improperly treated due to the leachate in the nearby landfill. The safety of drinking water for 100,000 people in this area was greatly threatened. Second, the incineration method. China's waste incineration method accounts for about 9%. The incineration method effectively utilizes the heat energy in the garbage, reducing it by more than 75%, but it produces the highly toxic carcinogen "dioxin", and the fly ash contains volatile heavy metals, causing serious secondary pollution. Both heavy metals and dioxins cannot be monitored online in real time, and the treatment methods are expensive. The treatment cost will account for more than 1/3 of the total investment of waste incineration power plants, and theoretically, zero emissions cannot be achieved. At present, several waste incineration power plants in Guangzhou and other places have been forced to stop operations due to strong opposition from the public. Developed countries such as the United States and Japan continued to shut down waste-to-energy plants after 2000. Third, the composting method. The composting method accounts for about 4% of the garbage disposal methods. Composting can realize the resource utilization of waste, but the classification in the composting process is not complete, and the residues of plastic, iron, glass, etc. in the fertilizer raw materials cause the fertilizer to be unclean, and the composting product loses the value as a fertilizer or soil conditioner, and Cause soil pollution and bring harm to crops. The composting method achieves a 70% reduction rate, and more than 30% of its compost residue needs to be disposed of separately.
我国各地政府和环境***门越来越重视生活垃圾的综合处理， 该方法 的核心是通过垃圾的机械分选技术分选出垃圾中的可回收利用物质并加以针 对性的利用。 现有破碎机械主要分为颚式破碎机、 旋回破碎机、 锤式破碎机、 反击式破碎机等， 这些破碎机械只能对单一性质物料进行破碎， 适用范围较 窄， 而垃圾中经常包含有各种大件物料、 柔性物料和硬质物料， 对破碎机械 有着特殊的要求， 例如， 垃圾中包含的衣物、 塑料等柔性物料， 现有破碎机 械很难处理。 目前国内通行、 常用的垃圾破袋机主要以滚筒破袋机为主， 其 工作原理是： 在低速旋转的倾料滚筒上装有尖刀， 随着滚筒旋转， 垃圾也跟 着抛翻， 在抛翻的过程中， 尖刀将垃圾袋划破， 达到垃圾破袋的目的。 其主 要缺点是破袋不彻底， 而且对大件的破碎能力有限， 无法将垃圾破碎到一定 的粒径。 给后续的垃圾分选 （无论是滚筒筛选， 还是气流分选） 带来了极大 的困难。 垃圾的破袋、 破碎是垃圾分选的前处理工序， 也可以说是垃圾处理 的第一道主要工序， 垃圾破袋、 破碎的质量将直接影响着垃圾分选的质量。 发明内容 Governments and environmental health departments in China are paying more and more attention to the comprehensive treatment of domestic waste. The core of this method is to sort and recycle the recyclable materials in the garbage through the mechanical sorting technology of garbage. Existing crushing machinery is mainly divided into jaw crusher, gyratory crusher, hammer crusher, Counter-crushing machines, etc., these crushing machines can only crush single-material materials, and the scope of application is narrow. The garbage often contains various large-sized materials, flexible materials and hard materials, which have special requirements for crushing machinery. For example, flexible materials such as clothes and plastics contained in garbage are difficult to handle in existing crushing machines. At present, the commonly used garbage bag breaking machine in China is mainly based on the roller bag breaking machine. The working principle is as follows: The tipping knife is mounted on the rotating drum with low speed rotation. As the drum rotates, the garbage is also thrown over. In the process, the sharp knife cuts the garbage bag to achieve the purpose of breaking the bag. The main disadvantage is that the broken bag is not complete, and the crushing ability of the large piece is limited, and the garbage cannot be broken to a certain particle size. Subsequent garbage sorting (whether it is drum screening or airflow sorting) poses great difficulties. The broken bag and broken of garbage is the pre-treatment process of garbage sorting. It can also be said that it is the first major process of garbage disposal. The quality of garbage bag breaking and crushing will directly affect the quality of garbage sorting. Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种能有效破碎混合垃圾中的大件物料、 柔性物料、 硬质物料， 并且破碎效率高、 不堵塞、 工作稳定的具有清刀功能的城市生活 垃圾破袋破碎装置， 实现大件垃圾和大袋垃圾的破碎， 为后续的垃圾分选资 源化利用工艺做好准备。  The object of the present invention is to provide an urban domestic garbage broken bag breaking device capable of effectively crushing large-sized materials, flexible materials and hard materials in mixed garbage, and having high cutting efficiency, no clogging and stable work, and having a clearing knife function. To achieve the crushing of large-sized garbage and large-sized garbage, and prepare for the subsequent garbage sorting and resource utilization process.
本发明是采取如下技术方案予以实现的：  The invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:
一种具有清刀功能的城市生活垃圾破袋破碎装置， 包括壳体和位于壳体 内的破碎室； 破碎室内设有转轴， 转轴上固定安装有辊子， 辊子上分布有若 干五棱尖刀头； 破碎室内还设有与五棱尖刀头配合的清刀装置， 该清刀装置 连接控制其开合的液压装置； 所述破碎室内还设有与五棱尖刀头配合破碎物 料的齿板， 其上焊有齿。  The utility model relates to an urban domestic garbage bag breaking and crushing device with a clearing knife function, comprising a casing and a crushing chamber located in the casing; a rotating shaft is arranged in the crushing chamber, a roller is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, and a plurality of five-pointed sharp heads are distributed on the roller; The cleaning device is also arranged in the room, and the cleaning device is connected with the hydraulic device for controlling the opening and closing; the crushing chamber is further provided with a tooth plate for crushing the material with the five-pointed cutting head, and the welding is performed thereon. There are teeth.
优选的，五棱尖刀头采用硬质耐磨耐腐蚀合金 42CrMo制备而成，刀头为 弯钩带尖的形式， 沿辊子的轴线方向在辊子上设有至少两行相互对称的五棱 尖刀头， 所述五棱尖刀头均匀布置于同转轴的中心相垂直的圆周面上， 相邻 的两列五棱尖刀头之间沿转轴的轴线方向交错布置， 所述五棱尖刀头整体呈 弧形， 其上部收缩为尖头， 下部为柱状， 其中一侧开有钝角刃口。  Preferably, the five-pointed tip is made of a hard wear-resistant corrosion-resistant alloy 42CrMo, the cutter head is in the form of a hook with a pointed end, and at least two rows of mutually symmetrical five-pointed cutter heads are arranged on the roller along the axial direction of the roller. The five-pointed tip is evenly arranged on a circumferential surface perpendicular to the center of the rotating shaft, and the adjacent two rows of five-pointed cutting heads are staggered along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the five-pointed tip is curved in a whole The upper part is contracted into a pointed head, and the lower part is columnar, and one side has an obtuse angle edge.
优选的， 所述齿板连接有用于调节器位置的拉杆， 所述齿为四棱锥齿， 四棱锥齿在齿板上错列布置。  Preferably, the tooth plate is connected with a pull rod for the position of the adjuster, the teeth are quadrangular pyramid teeth, and the quadrangular pyramid teeth are arranged in a staggered manner on the tooth plate.
优选的， 清刀装置上设有与所述五棱尖刀头相互配合的三角槽。  Preferably, the knife device is provided with a triangular groove that cooperates with the five-pointed tip.
优选的， 破碎室前段设有导板， 导板倾角为 45~60° ， 辊子位于导板末端 处。 优选的， 所述齿板包括互成钝角的第一板和第二板， 第一板和第二板上 均设有齿。 Preferably, the front part of the crushing chamber is provided with a guide plate, the inclination angle of the guide plate is 45~60°, and the roller is located at the end of the guide plate. Preferably, the tooth plate comprises a first plate and a second plate which are obtuse angles, and the first plate and the second plate are respectively provided with teeth.
优选的， 所述齿板包括第一齿板和第二齿板， 所述第二齿板较第一齿板 远离破碎室前段的导板。  Preferably, the tooth plate comprises a first tooth plate and a second tooth plate, and the second tooth plate is away from the guide plate of the front portion of the crushing chamber than the first tooth plate.
优选的， 所述转轴成六棱柱状。  Preferably, the rotating shaft has a hexagonal prism shape.
本发明技术方案的具有以下有益功能：  The technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial functions:
1.所述五棱尖刀根部可击打硬质物料， 刀头为弯钩带尖的形式可快速破 袋。  1. The root of the five-pointed sharp knife can hit the hard material, and the cutter head is in the form of a hook with a pointed shape to quickly break the bag.
2.所述位置可调齿板可配合主轴转速进行角度的调节， 使反击的物料正 面碰撞齿板， 其上的四棱锥齿一方面可击碎硬质物料， 另一方面可防止含水 率较高垃圾的粘结。  2. The position adjustable tooth plate can adjust the angle with the spindle rotation speed, so that the counterattack material collides with the tooth plate on the front side, and the quadrangular pyramid tooth on the one hand can crush the hard material on the one hand, and prevent the water content from being on the other hand. High-quality bonding.
3.所述清刀装置可清除缠绕在转轴上的塑料袋等韧性物料， 清刀装置采 用液压装置可避免物料在清刀位置的堆积堵塞现象。  3. The cleaning device can remove tough materials such as plastic bags wound on the rotating shaft, and the hydraulic device can be used for the cleaning device to avoid the accumulation and blockage of the material at the clearing position.
4.所述导板可使物料滑出导板恰好与五棱尖刀头相遇， 达到最好的破碎 效果。  4. The guide plate can make the material slide out of the guide plate and meet the five-pointed tip to achieve the best crushing effect.
5.本发明装置在电机的带动下， 五棱尖刀头随辊子顺时针旋转， 在破碎 室内的辊子与齿板间形成反击空间， 大件硬质物料垃圾被五棱尖刀头迅速击 碎或反击于齿板上破碎， 大袋垃圾被尖刀划破， 清刀装置去掉缠绕在轴上的 韧性物料， 破碎后的垃圾从底部排出。  5. The device of the invention is driven by the motor, the five-pointed tip rotates clockwise with the roller, and a counter-attack space is formed between the roller and the tooth plate in the crushing chamber, and the large piece of hard material waste is quickly crushed or counterattacked by the five-pointed tip. Broken on the tooth plate, the large bag of garbage is cut by a sharp knife, the knife removal device removes the tough material wrapped around the shaft, and the broken garbage is discharged from the bottom.
附图说明 DRAWINGS
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步详细说明。  The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
图 1是本发明有清刀功能的城市生活垃圾破袋破碎装置的结构示意图。 图 2是本发明的主轴示意图。  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a structural schematic view of a city living garbage bag breaking and breaking device having a clearing knife function according to the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic view of the spindle of the present invention.
图 3-1是本发明的五棱尖刀头示意图； 图 3-2是图 3-1的侧视图； 图 3-3 是图 3-4右视图； 3-4是正视图； 3-5 是轴测图。  Figure 3-1 is a schematic view of a five-pointed tip of the present invention; Figure 3-2 is a side view of Figure 3-1; Figure 3-3 is a right side view of Figure 3-4; 3-4 is a front view; Mapping.
图 4-1是本发明的清刀装置的结构示意图； 图 4-2是图 4-1沿 A-A线的 剖视图。  Fig. 4-1 is a schematic structural view of the knife apparatus of the present invention; Fig. 4-2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 4-1.
其中： 1.壳体； 2.破碎室； 3.六棱转轴； 4.辊子； 5.五棱尖刀头； 6. 清刀装置； 7.液压装置； 8.第一齿板； 9.拉杆； 10.第二齿板； 11.拉杆； 12. 导板； 13.皮带轮； 14.轴承。 具体实施方式 Where: 1. housing; 2. crushing chamber; 3. hexagonal shaft; 4. roller; 5. five-pointed tip; 6. knife device; 7. hydraulic device; 8. first tooth plate; 10. Second tooth plate; 11. Pull rod; 12. Guide plate; 13. Pulley; 14. Bearing. detailed description
下面结合附图对具体实施方式加以说明：  The specific embodiments are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
参照图 1至图 4所示， 本发明一种具有清刀功能的城市生活垃圾破袋破 碎装置， 包括壳体 1、 位于壳体 1内的破碎室 2、 驱动装置、 齿板 （8和 10)、 六棱转轴 3、 清刀装置 6。  Referring to Figures 1 to 4, the present invention discloses a municipal solid waste bag breaking device having a clearing knife function, comprising a casing 1, a crushing chamber 2 in the casing 1, a driving device, and a tooth plate (8 and 10). ), hexagonal shaft 3, knife cleaning device 6.
破碎室 2下方设有出料口， 破碎室 2内设有电机驱动的六棱转轴 3， 所述 六棱转轴 3包括固定连接在壳体 1上的轴承 14， 六棱转轴 3上固定安装有辊 子 4， 辊子 4上交错分布有五棱尖刀头 5。 五棱尖刀头 5采用硬质耐磨耐腐蚀 合金结构钢 GB 42CrMo， 五棱尖刀头整体呈弧形， 其上部收缩为尖刀头， 下 部为柱状，在刀的一侧开有钝角刃口，刀头整体尺寸有一固定比例，其中长 a : 宽 b: 高 h=l : 1： 3。 五棱尖刀头 5通过螺栓固定于辊子 4外壁， 五棱尖刀头 5以六棱转轴 3的转轴为中心均匀布置在辊子 4的圆周面上，相邻的两列五棱 尖刀头 5之间沿辊子 4的周线方向交错布置。 五棱尖刀头 5与清刀装置 6相 互配合， 避免废弃物中塑料袋等条状物对六棱转轴的缠绕， 清刀装置 6采用 铰接固定于壳体 1上， 清刀装置 6上还装有液压装置 7， 所述清刀装置 6可由 液压装置 7控制实现自动开合， 所述五棱尖刀头 5采用硬质耐磨耐腐蚀合金， 实现破碎大件废弃物和塑料袋， 所述齿板 8—端铰接与机架上， 另一端采用 螺紋拉杆 9固定于机架， 第一齿板 8和第二齿板 10上焊有四棱锥齿， 第一齿 板 8和第二齿板 10的角度可通过拉杆 9、 11调节， 可配合辊子 4转速使反击 的物料始终垂直于齿板板面。  A discharge port is arranged below the crushing chamber 2, and a motor-driven hexagonal shaft 3 is arranged in the crushing chamber 2. The hexagonal shaft 3 includes a bearing 14 fixedly connected to the casing 1, and the hexagonal shaft 3 is fixedly mounted thereon. On the roller 4, a five-pointed tip 5 is staggered on the roller 4. The five-pointed tip 5 is made of hard wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy structural steel GB 42CrMo. The five-pointed tip is curved in its entirety. The upper part is contracted into a pointed head and the lower part is column-shaped. An obtuse edge is formed on one side of the knife. The overall size of the head has a fixed ratio, where length a: width b: height h = l: 1: 3. The five-pointed cutting head 5 is fixed to the outer wall of the roller 4 by bolts, and the five-pointed sharp cutting head 5 is evenly arranged on the circumferential surface of the roller 4 centering on the rotating shaft of the hexagonal rotating shaft 3, and the adjacent two rows of five-pointed sharp cutting heads 5 are along the edge. The circumferential directions of the rollers 4 are staggered. The five-edge cutting head 5 and the cleaning device 6 cooperate with each other to avoid the winding of the plastic bag and the like in the waste on the hexagonal shaft. The cleaning device 6 is hingedly fixed to the casing 1, and the cleaning device 6 is further mounted. There is a hydraulic device 7, the cleaning device 6 can be controlled by the hydraulic device 7 to realize automatic opening and closing, and the five-pointed sharp cutting head 5 adopts a hard wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy to realize crushing large pieces of waste and plastic bags, the teeth The plate 8 is hinged to the end of the frame, and the other end is fixed to the frame by a threaded rod 9. The first tooth plate 8 and the second tooth plate 10 are welded with quadrangular pyramid teeth, and the first tooth plate 8 and the second tooth plate 10 are welded. The angle can be adjusted by the tie rods 9, 11 and the speed of the roller 4 can be used to make the counterattack material always perpendicular to the tooth plate surface.
工作原理如附图 1所示， 转轴 3带动辊子 4顺时针旋转， 城市生活垃圾 由破碎室 2的进料口进入破碎室 2， 通过导板 12滑行向辊子 4， 物料滑出导 板 12后恰与辊子 4上的五棱尖刀头 5相撞，硬质物料被击打飞向第一齿板 8， 而后落下时可能再与五棱尖刀头 5相撞，而后飞向第二齿板 10进行二次破碎， 破碎后的物料从破碎室 2的下部排料口排出。 大袋垃圾从导板 12滑出后， 被 五棱尖刀头 5划破， 散出的物料经过二次破碎从排料口排出， 其中塑料等柔 性物料可能缠绕在辊子 4上， 在辊子 4旋转至清刀装置 6时， 清刀装置 6上 的齿与五棱尖刀头 5配合， 可去除缠绕于辊子 4的柔性物料， 若在清刀装置 6 附近发生堆积堵塞情况， 清刀装置 6可避让排出堵塞垃圾。  The working principle is as shown in Fig. 1. The rotating shaft 3 drives the roller 4 to rotate clockwise, and the municipal solid waste enters the crushing chamber 2 from the feeding port of the crushing chamber 2, and slides to the roller 4 through the guiding plate 12, and the material slides out of the guiding plate 12 The five-pointed cutting head 5 on the roller 4 collides, the hard material is hit and flies toward the first toothed plate 8, and then falls back to collide with the five-pointed cutting head 5, and then flies to the second toothed plate 10 for two. After the crushing, the crushed material is discharged from the lower discharge port of the crushing chamber 2. After the large bag of garbage is slid out from the guide plate 12, it is cut by the five-pointed cutting head 5, and the discharged material is discharged from the discharge opening through secondary crushing, wherein a flexible material such as plastic may be wound around the roller 4, and the roller 4 is rotated to the clear. When the knife device 6 is used, the teeth on the knife cleaning device 6 cooperate with the five-pointed tip 5 to remove the flexible material wound around the roller 4. If the blockage occurs in the vicinity of the knife device 6, the knife device 6 can avoid the discharge blockage. Rubbish.
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、 主要特征及本发明的优点。 本行 业的技术人员应该了解， 本发明不受上述实施例的限制， 上述实施例和说明 _ 书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理， 在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下， 本发明还会有各种变化和改进， 这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范 围内。 本发明要求保护范田由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。 The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, the above embodiments and description The description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative of the principles of the invention, and various modifications and improvements may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

WO 2013/166825 +π 工,■ PCT/CN2012/085562 WO 2013/166825 +π 工,■ PCT/CN2012/085562
1、 一种具有清刀功能的城市生活垃圾破袋破碎装置， 其特征在于， 包括 壳体和位于壳体内的破碎室； 1. A municipal solid waste bag breaking and crushing device with a knife cleaning function, which is characterized in that it includes a shell and a crushing chamber located in the shell;
破碎室内设有转轴， 转轴上固定安装有辊子， 辊子上分布有若干五棱尖 刀头； 破碎室内还设有与五棱尖刀头配合的清刀装置， 该清刀装置连接控制 其开合的液压装置； 所述破碎室内还设有与五棱尖刀头配合破碎物料的齿板， 其上焊有齿。 There is a rotating shaft in the crushing chamber, and rollers are fixedly installed on the rotating shaft. There are a number of five-pointed cutter heads distributed on the rollers. The crushing chamber is also equipped with a cleaning device that cooperates with the five-pointed cutter heads. The cleaning device is connected to the hydraulic pressure that controls its opening and closing. Device; The crushing chamber is also equipped with a tooth plate that cooperates with the five-pointed cutter head to crush the material, and teeth are welded on it.
2、 如权利要求 1所述的具有清刀功能的城市生活垃圾破袋破碎装置， 其 特征在于，五棱尖刀头采用硬质耐磨耐腐蚀合金 42CrMo制备而成，刀头为弯 钩带尖的形式， 沿辊子的轴线方向在辊子上设有至少两行相互对称的五棱尖 刀头， 所述五棱尖刀头均匀布置于同转轴的中心相垂直的圆周面上， 相邻的 两列五棱尖刀头之间沿转轴的轴线方向交错布置， 所述五棱尖刀头整体呈弧 形， 其上部收缩为尖头， 下部为柱状， 其中一侧开有钝角刃口。 2. The municipal solid waste bag breaking device with a knife cleaning function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the five-pointed knife head is made of hard wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy 42CrMo, and the knife head is a curved hook with a sharp tip. In the form of, at least two rows of mutually symmetrical five-pointed cutter heads are provided on the roller along the axis of the roller. The five-pointed cutter heads are evenly arranged on the circumferential surface perpendicular to the center of the rotating shaft. Two adjacent rows of five-pointed cutter heads are arranged on the roller. The five-pointed cutter heads are arranged staggered along the axis of the rotating shaft. The five-pointed cutter heads are arc-shaped as a whole, with the upper part shrinking into a sharp tip and the lower part being columnar, with an obtuse-angled cutting edge on one side.
3、 如权利要求 1所述的具有清刀功能的城市生活垃圾破袋破碎装置， 其 特征在于， 所述齿板连接有用于调节器位置的拉杆， 所述齿为四棱锥齿， 四 棱锥齿在齿板上错列布置。 3. The municipal solid waste bag breaking device with a knife cleaning function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the tooth plate is connected with a pull rod for adjusting the position, and the teeth are square pyramid teeth, and the teeth are square pyramid teeth. Arranged in staggered rows on the tooth plate.
4、 如权利要求 1所述的具有清刀功能的城市生活垃圾破袋破碎装置， 其 特征在于， 清刀装置上设有与所述五棱尖刀头相互配合的三角槽。 4. The municipal solid waste bag-breaking and crushing device with a knife cleaning function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the knife cleaning device is provided with a triangular groove that cooperates with the five-pointed knife head.
5、 如权利要求 1所述的具有清刀功能的城市生活垃圾破袋破碎装置， 其 特征在于，破碎室前段设有导板，导板倾角为 45~60° ，辊子位于导板末端处。 5. The urban domestic garbage bag-breaking crushing device with knife cleaning function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a guide plate is provided in the front section of the crushing chamber, the guide plate has an inclination angle of 45~60°, and the roller is located at the end of the guide plate.
6、 如权利要求 1所述的具有清刀功能的城市生活垃圾破袋破碎装置， 其 特征在于， 所述齿板包括互成钝角的第一板和第二板， 第一板和第二板上均 设有齿。 6. The municipal solid waste bag breaking and crushing device with a knife cleaning function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tooth plate includes a first plate and a second plate that form an obtuse angle to each other, and the first plate and the second plate There are teeth on them.
7、 如权利要求 5所述的具有清刀功能的城市生活垃圾破袋破碎装置， 其 特征在于， 所述齿板包括第一齿板和第二齿板， 所述第二齿板较第一齿板远 离破碎室前段的导板。 7. The municipal solid waste bag breaking and crushing device with a knife cleaning function as claimed in claim 5, wherein the tooth plate includes a first tooth plate and a second tooth plate, and the second tooth plate is smaller than the first tooth plate. The tooth plate is far away from the guide plate in the front section of the crushing chamber.
8、 如权利要求 1所述的具有清刀功能的城市生活垃圾破袋破碎装置， 其 特征在于， 所述转轴成六棱柱状。 8. The urban domestic garbage bag breaking and crushing device with knife cleaning function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the rotating shaft is in the shape of a hexagonal prism.
PCT/CN2012/085562 2012-05-07 2012-11-29 Bag breaking and crushing device with cutter cleaning function for municipal solid waste WO2013166825A1 (en)

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