WO2013097381A1 - 一种移动终端及其充电设备、方法 - Google Patents

一种移动终端及其充电设备、方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013097381A1
WO2013097381A1 PCT/CN2012/074386 CN2012074386W WO2013097381A1 WO 2013097381 A1 WO2013097381 A1 WO 2013097381A1 CN 2012074386 W CN2012074386 W CN 2012074386W WO 2013097381 A1 WO2013097381 A1 WO 2013097381A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mobile terminal
current
charging
waveform
voltage
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PCT/CN2012/074386
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韩正渭
王妮绒
Original Assignee
中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中兴通讯股份有限公司 filed Critical 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority to EP12863290.8A priority Critical patent/EP2800235B1/en
Priority to US14/369,969 priority patent/US9450441B2/en
Priority to JP2014549304A priority patent/JP6359459B2/ja
Publication of WO2013097381A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013097381A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00047Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with provisions for charging different types of batteries
    • H02J7/0027
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00036Charger exchanging data with battery
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a mobile terminal and a charging device and method thereof. Background technique
  • the standard USB host interface uses a charging voltage of 5V and a charging current of 500mA, and the charging power is only 2.5W.
  • a special circuit is usually designed inside the mobile terminal device to recognize the type of the power supply terminal. If you recognize that the user is using the power adapter instead of the USB host to charge, the charging current can be increased to about 1A, which makes the charging power reach about 5W, which shortens the charging time and improves the user experience.
  • the standard USB connector is not affected by the contact resistance and the charging current cannot be arbitrarily increased. For example, for the MINI and MICRO type USB connectors commonly used in terminals, once the charging current exceeds 1A, it will cause significant heat generation and reliability degradation. Therefore, with the above scheme, the charging power can only reach about 5W.
  • the above-mentioned charging power of about 5W is still insufficient for some mobile terminals that have large-capacity batteries.
  • the battery capacity may exceed 6000mAh, using the above
  • the solution could not be fully charged in two or three hours.
  • a common solution is to design a dedicated high-power charging interface on the terminal device. However, this not only adds extra cost and volume to the terminal, but also reduces the versatility of the terminal and the charger, which is not conducive to economy and environmental protection. Summary of the invention
  • the present invention provides a mobile terminal and a charging device and method thereof.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:
  • a charging method for a mobile terminal wherein a voltage input bus of the internal USB interface of the mobile terminal is connected with a power input switch capable of cutting off and opening the VBUS; during charging, the mobile terminal controls the input current to control the input current to generate a specific current waveform; a charging device for charging the mobile terminal internally includes a circuit capable of detecting a waveform of its own output current, and if the circuit detects a specific current waveform generated by the mobile terminal, adjusting an output voltage of the charging device High to charge the mobile terminal.
  • the mobile terminal includes a control switch, a DC-DC converter DC/DC charging management circuit, and a battery;
  • the mobile terminal uses the switch to turn on or off the current input of the VBUS to generate a specific current waveform
  • the VBUS power supply that has passed through the above control switch is output to the DC/DC charge management circuit to charge the battery.
  • the charging device comprises an AC-DC converter AC/DC converter and a current waveform detecting circuit, wherein an output voltage of the AC/DC converter is adjustable; and a current waveform detecting circuit generates a logic level according to a waveform of the output current To control the output voltage of the AC/DC.
  • the mobile terminal After the charging device is connected to the mobile terminal, the mobile terminal immediately generates a specific current waveform through the control switch; after the current waveform is detected by the current waveform detecting circuit inside the charging device, the control adapter increases the output voltage.
  • the mobile terminal judges the current VBUS voltage through the analog-to-digital converter ADC; If the voltage is above a predetermined threshold, the charging process is not interfered; if the current VBUS voltage is below a predetermined threshold, a control signal is generated to generate the particular current waveform.
  • a mobile terminal includes: a control switch, a charge management circuit, and a battery; the control switch is configured to turn on or off a current input of the VBUS to generate a specific current waveform;
  • the charge management circuit is configured to receive a VBUS current through the control switch to charge the battery.
  • the charging device for charging the mobile terminal includes a circuit capable of detecting a waveform of its own output current, and the circuit is configured to increase the output voltage of the charging device when detecting a specific current waveform generated by the mobile terminal. Charging the mobile terminal.
  • the mobile terminal is configured to determine a current VBUS voltage through the ADC; if the voltage is higher than a predetermined threshold, the charging process is not interfered; if the current VBUS voltage is lower than a predetermined threshold, a control signal is generated to generate the Specific current waveform.
  • a mobile terminal charging device for charging a mobile terminal comprises an AC/DC converter and a current waveform detecting circuit; wherein an output voltage of the AC/DC converter is adjustable; a current waveform detecting circuit Used to generate a logic level based on a specific waveform of the output current to control the output voltage of the AC/DC.
  • the mobile terminal includes a control switch, a DC/DC charge management circuit, and a battery; during charging, the mobile terminal is configured to use the switch to turn on or off a current input of the VBUS to generate a specific current waveform;
  • the VBUS power supply of the above control switch is output to the DC/DC charge management circuit to charge the battery.
  • the mobile terminal After the charging device is connected to the mobile terminal, the mobile terminal is configured to immediately generate a specific current waveform through the control switch; after the current waveform is detected by the current waveform detecting circuit inside the charging device, the current waveform detecting circuit is used. The output voltage is increased by the control adapter.
  • the mobile terminal is configured to determine a current VBUS voltage by using an ADC;
  • the VBUS voltage is above a predetermined threshold, and does not interfere with the charging process; if the current VBUS voltage is below a predetermined threshold, a control signal is generated to generate the particular current waveform.
  • the charging time is greatly shortened and the user experience is improved; compared with the dedicated charging interface, not only the volume and weight of the terminal can be reduced, but also the versatility and utilization of the charger are improved. Conducive to saving and environmental protection.
  • the charging power is greatly increased by the USB interface of the terminal.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an overall system of an adapter and a mobile terminal capable of high-power charging through a USB interface according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of related circuits inside a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of software operations related to high-power charging in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a waveform detecting logic circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6 is a schematic diagram showing the working process of a logic circuit in the working principle of the circuit of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • 7 is a comparison diagram of a waveform, a current waveform, a comparator input voltage waveform, and an output current waveform of a mobile terminal switch control signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention provides a device and a mobile terminal for high-power charging through a USB interface, comprising a specially designed power adapter and a charging management circuit located inside the portable terminal.
  • a specially designed power adapter and a charging management circuit located inside the portable terminal With the technical solution of the present invention, the charging power far greater than that of the ordinary power adapter can be realized through the USB interface.
  • the power adapter of the present invention can charge a common portable terminal with medium and small power, and can also supply power to the portable terminal with high power. And the portable terminal described, not only It can be charged with the above adapter, or it can be charged by a normal power adapter/USB host.
  • the main idea of the invention is based on:
  • a switch is connected to the VBUS (voltage bus) power input of the USB interface to cut and turn on the power input of the VBUS.
  • the mobile terminal can control the input current to generate a specific current waveform by controlling this switch.
  • the power adapter has an output voltage that can be adjusted.
  • Inside the power adapter there is a circuit capable of detecting a waveform of the output current of the self. If the circuit detects a specific current waveform generated by the mobile terminal, the output voltage of the adapter is turned up to achieve the purpose of increasing the output power.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an overall system of an adapter and a mobile terminal capable of high-power charging through a USB interface according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the diagram is divided into two parts, the power adapter on the left and the mobile terminal on the right.
  • the mobile terminal includes a control switch, a DC/DC (DC-DC converter) charge management circuit, a battery, and other circuits.
  • the internal software of the mobile terminal can use this switch to turn on or off the current input of VBUS to generate a specific current waveform.
  • the VBUS current of the above control switch is output to the DC/DC charge management circuit to charge the battery and supply power to other circuits of the terminal.
  • the power adapter includes an AC/DC (AC-DC converter) converter and a current waveform detecting circuit.
  • the output voltage of the AC/DC converter can be adjusted; the current waveform detecting circuit can generate a logic level according to a specific waveform of the output current to control the output voltage of the AC/DC.
  • the adapter Before the power adapter is connected to the mobile terminal, the adapter outputs 5V voltage because its internal waveform detection circuit does not detect a specific current waveform. After the adapter is connected to the mobile terminal, the mobile terminal immediately generates a specific current waveform through the control switch, and the current waveform is adapted. After the current waveform detecting circuit inside the device is detected, the control adapter increases the output voltage to achieve the purpose of increasing the charging power.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of related circuits inside a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the CTRL (control) signal controlled by the charge management software controls whether the PMOS (P-type metal-oxide-semiconductor) tube T21 is turned on through a driver.
  • the T21 power supply powers the charge management chip MAX8903 through a low-pass filter network consisting of L21 and C21. This low-pass filter prevents the MAX8903's operating pulses from affecting the current waveform on VBUS.
  • the role of Z21 and D21 in the figure is to prevent the high voltage induced on the line from being damaged by T21 at the moment of shutdown.
  • the VBUS signal is sent to the system's ADC to allow the software running in the mobile terminal to read the current VBUS voltage.
  • the MAX8903 is a DC/DC charging chip with dynamic path management.
  • the external power supply When there is an external power supply, the external power supply is DC/DC converted, and VSYS (system voltage) and battery are supplied; when there is no external power supply, the battery is supplied with VSYS.
  • the input current upper limit of the MAX8903 is set to 1A in this embodiment.
  • the MAX8903 accepts a maximum input voltage of 16V and operates normally when the input VBUS voltage reaches 10V.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a software operation related to high-power charging in a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes the following steps:
  • Step 301 Turn on the VBUS power switch
  • Step 302 Read the VBUS voltage
  • Step 303 Determine whether the VBUS voltage is higher than 5.5V, if it is higher, go to step 305, if it is lower, then go to step 304;
  • Step 304 Send 11001010 to the control signal, occupying 1 ms per bit (BIT);
  • Step 305 Delay 1 second to return to step 302.
  • the software judges the current VBUS voltage once every Is through an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). If the voltage is higher than 5.5V, the external adapter has entered the high voltage output state and does not interfere. Charging process; but if the current VBUS voltage is lower than 5.5V, the software uses the CTRL signal to generate a control signal. By controlling T1, a preset current waveform is generated. The relationship between the current waveform and the control signal can be referred to FIG. In this embodiment, the control sequence is 11001010B, which is represented by 0CAH in hexadecimal notation.
  • the decision criterion is set to a 5.5V voltage, which is a predetermined threshold, and in other embodiments, may be set to other values.
  • R41/R42/R43/T41 constitutes AC/DC voltage feedback network.
  • T41 is not conducting, the output voltage is:
  • a resistor R44 is placed in series with the DC output path and has a value of 0.05 ohm.
  • the voltage drop across this resistor reflects the current output of the current distributor. Use this voltage drop to superimpose a bias voltage fixed at 5mV and send it to a comparator.
  • the comparator outputs a low level; otherwise, when the output current is less than 0.1A, the comparator outputs a high level. If the output current of the adapter is large and small, the comparator digitizes the current waveform with a comparison threshold of 0.1A. Refer to Figure 7 for the relationship between the digitized current waveform, the comparator input voltage waveform, and the output current waveform.
  • the waveform detecting logic circuit in FIG. 4 outputs a low level signal by default, so that the AC/DC output is 5V; if the waveform detecting logic circuit detects a specific digital waveform (11001010B in this embodiment), the output is high.
  • the flat signal causes the output voltage of the AC/DC to rise to 10V.
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram of the above waveform detection logic circuit including a clock generator, a shift register, a digital comparator, a NOR gate and an RS (Reset-Set) flip-flop.
  • the above clock generator is fixed to generate a 1 kHz clock as the operating clock of the shift register.
  • the shift register samples the input signal and shifts it into the shift sequence of the shift register.
  • the digital comparator of Figure 5 one input from the parallel output of the shift register, the other input fixed to a specific value, the same value as the switch control signal of the terminal ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
  • the digital comparator is at 2 When the 8-bit data of all the ports is the same, the output is low. Otherwise, as long as one bit is different, the output level of the digital comparator becomes higher.
  • the RS flip-flop in the logic circuit the default output is low.
  • the output is low, and when the S terminal is detected as high, the output is high.
  • the purpose of the NOR gate is to give priority to the R signal when R and S are active at the same time, to ensure that the power adapter is pulled out from the terminal, and the current is reduced, and the output of the adapter can be restored to 5V immediately.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the working process of the logic circuit in the working principle of the circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the shift sequence inside the shift register is all 0, and the RS flip-flop outputs a low level.
  • the input signal starts to send the sequence 11001010B to the shift register until the ninth clock rises.
  • all 8 bits enter the shift register.
  • the output value of the shift register is exactly 11001010B (that is, 0CAH in hexadecimal).
  • the two comparators of the digital comparator have the same signal, and the output is flipped from 1 to 0.
  • the control RS flip-flop is inverted, and its output is changed from 0 to 1 (corresponding to the output voltage of the adapter is raised to 10V).
  • the comparator continues to output a high level due to the difference in the data of one input of the comparator.
  • the two inputs of the RS flip-flop are all 0, and the output state remains unchanged at 1 (corresponding to the output voltage of the adapter is maintained at 10V).
  • the input signal becomes 1 (corresponding to the adapter being pulled out or charging ended).
  • the flip-flop output immediately turns from 1 to 0 (corresponding to the adapter's output voltage is restored to 5V) and remains until the 18th clock cycle.
  • the output level of the comparator does not affect the input and output of the RS flip-flop due to the presence of the NOR gate.
  • the power adapter and the mobile terminal described in this embodiment can input 10W of power to the mobile terminal when the USB interface passes only 1A current, which greatly exceeds the ordinary USB interface power adapter.
  • the adapter described in this embodiment can also charge a normal USB interface mobile device.
  • the output voltage maintains the standard 5V, which will not damage the mobile terminal device, thus ensuring the versatility of the adapter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Power Sources (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)

Abstract

一种移动终端及其充电设备和方法,移动终端内部USB接口的VBUS电源输入上连接有能够切断和打开VBUS的开关。在充电期间,移动终端控制所述开关,控制输入电流产生特定的电流波形,充电设备内部包含有检测所述电流波形的电路,如果该电路检测到移动终端产生的特定电流波形,则将充电设备的输出电压调高来对移动终端充电。该充电设备提高了USB接口的充电功率。

Description

一种移动终端及其充电设备、 方法 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域, 更具体地, 涉及一种移动终端及其充电设 备、 方法。 背景技术
随着移动终端技术的飞速发展, 平板电脑、 移动电话、 便携式媒体播 放器、 便携式导航仪、 电子阅读器等产品深入千家万户, 得到了极为广泛 的应用。 在这些便携式终端上, 统一使用标准的 USB接口进行充电是大势 所趋, 中国政府和欧盟, 已经为此做出了一些强制或者推荐性的法规(如 《移动通信手持机充电器及接口技术要求和测试方法》等)。 这些法规对于 提高充电便利性, 降低消费成本、 节约社会资源、 减少电子廈弃物、 控制 温室气体排放等方面都有积极的意义。
标准的 USB主机接口, 使用 5V的充电电压和 500mA的充电电流, 充 电功率只有 2.5W。 为了解决对较大容量的电池进行快速充电的问题, 通常 给移动终端设备内部设计有特殊电路, 可以识别出供电端的种类。 如果识 别出用户在使用电源适配器而非 USB主机进行充电, 就可以将充电电流提 高到 1A左右, 使得充电功率达到 5W左右, 缩短了充电时间, 改善了用户 体验。 但标准的 USB连接器, 受接触电阻的影响, 充电电流并不能任意的 提高。 例如对终端常用的 MINI和 MICRO型 USB连接器来说, 充电电流 一旦超过 1A, 就会导致明显的发热和可靠性下降, 因此,使用上述的方案, 充电功率也只能达到 5W左右。
上述 5W左右的充电功率, 对于部分拥有大容量电池的移动终端仍嫌 不足。 例如对于大尺寸平板电脑, 电池容量可能超过 6000mAh, 使用上述 方案无法在两三小时内充满电池。 常用的解决方法是在终端设备上设计专 用的大功率充电接口。 但这样做不仅给终端增加了额外的成本和体积, 还 降低了终端和充电器的通用性, 不利于节约和环保。 发明内容
为弥补上述缺陷, 本发明提出一种移动终端及其充电设备、 方法。 为了达到上述目的, 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种移动终端充电方法,移动终端内部 USB接口的电压总线 VBUS电 源输入上连接有能够切断和打开 VBUS的电源输入开关; 在充电期间, 所 述移动终端通过控制所述开关, 控制输入电流以产生特定的电流波形; 为所述移动终端充电的充电设备内部包含有能检测自身输出电流波形 的电路, 如果该电路检测到上述移动终端所产生的特定的电流波形, 则将 充电设备的输出电压调高以对所述移动终端充电。
其中, 所述移动终端包括控制开关、 直流 -直流转换器 DC/DC充电管 理电路、 电池;
在充电期间, 所述移动终端利用所述开关接通或者截断 VBUS的电流 输入, 从而产生特定的电流波形;
经过上述控制开关的 VBUS电源被输出给 DC/DC充电管理电路,以给 电池充电。
其中, 所述充电设备包括交流 -直流转换器 AC/DC转换器和电流波形 检测电路, 其中 AC/DC转换器的输出电压是可调节的; 电流波形检测电路 根据输出电流的波形产生逻辑电平, 以控制 AC/DC的输出电压。
其中, 所述充电设备和移动终端连接之后, 移动终端立即通过控制开 关产生特定的电流波形; 在该电流波形被充电设备内部的电流波形检测电 路检测到之后, 控制适配器提高输出电压。
其中,移动终端通过模数转换器 ADC判断当前的 VBUS电压;如果电 压高于预先确定的阈值, 则不干涉充电过程; 如果当前 VBUS电压低于预 先确定的阈值, 则产生控制信号以产生所述特定的电流波形。
一种移动终端, 包括; 包括控制开关、 充电管理电路、 电池; 所述控制开关用于接通或者截断 VBUS的电流输入, 以产生特定的电 流波形;
所述充电管理电路用于接收经过上述控制开关的 VBUS电流, 以给电 池充电。
其中, 给所述移动终端充电的充电设备包含有能检测自身输出电流波 形的电路, 该电路在检测到上述移动终端所产生的特定的电流波形时, 用 于将充电设备的输出电压调高以对所述移动终端充电。
其中, 所述移动终端用于通过 ADC判断当前的 VBUS电压; 如果电压 高于预先确定的阈值, 则不干涉充电过程; 如果当前 VBUS电压低于预先 确定的阈值, 则产生控制信号以产生所述特定的电流波形。
一种移动终端充电设备, 用于给移动终端充电; 所述移动终端充电设 备包括 AC/DC转换器和电流波形检测电路; 其中 AC/DC转换器的输出电 压是可调节的; 电流波形检测电路用于根据输出电流的特定波形产生逻辑 电平, 以控制 AC/DC的输出电压。
其中, 所述移动终端包括控制开关、 DC/DC充电管理电路、 电池; 在 充电期间, 所述移动终端用于利用所述开关接通或者截断 VBUS的电流输 入, 以产生特定的电流波形; 经过上述控制开关的 VBUS 电源被输出给 DC/DC充电管理电路, 以给电池充电。
其中, 所述充电设备和移动终端连接之后, 移动终端用于立即通过控 制开关产生特定的电流波形; 在该电流波形被充电设备内部的电流波形检 测电路检测到之后, 所述电流波形检测电路用于控制适配器提高输出电压。
其中, 所述移动终端用于通过 ADC判断当前的 VBUS电压; 如果当前 VBUS电压高于预先确定的阈值, 则不干涉充电过程; 如果当前 VBUS电 压低于预先确定的阈值, 则产生控制信号以产生所述特定的电流波形。
综上所述, 采用本发明具有如下有益效果:
与普通的 USB接口充电相比, 极大的缩短了充电时间, 改善了用户体 验; 与专用充电接口相比, 不仅可以减少终端的体积、 重量, 还提高了充 电器的通用性和利用率, 有利于节约和环保。 通过终端的 USB接口, 大幅 度提高充电功率。 附图说明
图 1是本发明实施例能够通过 USB接口进行大功率充电的适配器及移 动终端的总体***原理框图;
图 2是本发明实施例所述移动终端内部的相关电路示意图;
图 3是本发明实施例所述的移动终端内部和大功率充电相关的软件工 作流程图;
图 4是本发明实施例所述的电源适配器内部的原理示意图;
图 5是本发明实施例波形检测逻辑电路的原理框图;
图 6是本发明实施例电路工作原理中逻辑电路的工作过程示意图。 图 7是本发明实施例移动终端开关控制信号波形、 电流波形、 适配器 内比较器输入电压波形以及输出电流波形的对比图。 具体实施方式
本发明提供一种通过 USB接口进行大功率充电的设备和移动终端, 包 括特殊设计的电源适配器和位于便携式终端内部的充电管理电路。 利用本 发明技术方案, 可以通过 USB接口, 实现远大于普通电源适配器的充电功 率。 本发明所述的电源适配器, 既可以用中小功率对普通的便携式终端充 电, 也能用大功率对所述的便携式终端供电。 而所述的便携式终端, 不仅 能用上述的适配器充电, 也可以接受普通的电源适配器 /USB主机对自身进 行充电。
本发明依据的主要思想描述是:
移动终端内部, 在 USB接口的 VBUS (电压总线) 电源输入上连接一 个开关, 能够切断和打开 VBUS的电源输入。 在充电期间, 该移动终端通 过控制这个开关, 可以控制输入电流使之产生特定的电流波形。 所述的电 源适配器, 其输出电压可以调节。 所述电源适配器内部, 包含有能检测自 身输出电流波形的电路。 如果该电路检测到上述移动终端所产生的特定的 电流波形, 则将适配器的输出电压调高, 达到增大输出功率的目的。
下面结合附图, 通过对一个实施例的描述, 对发明内容作进一步的说 明。
请参考图 1所示, 图 1是本发明实施例能够通过 USB接口进行大功率 充电的适配器及移动终端的总体***原理框图。 该图分为两部分, 左侧是 电源适配器, 右侧是移动终端。
所述移动终端包括控制开关、 DC/DC (直流-直流转换器)充电管理电 路、 电池和其他电路。 在充电期间, 该移动终端内部的软件, 利用该开关 可以接通或者截断 VBUS的电流输入, 从而产生特定的电流波形。 经过上 述控制开关的 VBUS电流, 输出给 DC/DC充电管理电路, 给电池充电并对 终端的其他电路供电。
所述电源适配器, 包括 AC/DC (交流 -直流转换器 )转换器和电流波形 检测电路。 其中 AC/DC转换器的输出电压可以调节; 电流波形检测电路能 够根据输出电流的特定波形,产生一个逻辑电平,控制 AC/DC的输出电压。
电源适配器连接移动终端之前, 由于其内部的波形检测电路没有检测 到特定的电流波形, 适配器输出 5V电压。 在适配器和移动终端连接之后, 移动终端立即通过控制开关产生一个特定的电流波形, 该电流波形被适配 器内部的电流波形检测电路检测到之后, 就控制适配器提高输出电压, 达 到增大充电功率的目的。
请参考图 2所示, 图 2是本发明实施例所述移动终端内部的相关电路 示意图。 由充电管理软件所控制的 CTRL (控制)信号通过一个驱动器, 控 制 PMOS ( P型金属-氧化物-半导体 )管 T21是否开启。 经过 T21的电源通 过由 L21和 C21组成的低通滤波网络给充电管理芯片 MAX8903供电, 该 低通滤波器可以防止 MAX8903的工作脉沖影响 VBUS上的电流波形。 图 中 Z21和 D21的作用, 是防止 T21在关闭瞬间, 线路上感应出的高电压损 坏 T21。 除此之外, VBUS信号还送给***的 ADC, 以便让移动终端内运 行的软件读取到当前的 VBUS电压。
在附图 2中, MAX8903是一个带动态路径管理的 DC/DC充电芯片。 当有外接电源时, 将外接电源经过 DC/DC转换后, 给 VSYS (***电压) 和电池供电; 当没有外接电源时, 由电池给 VSYS供电。 MAX8903的输入 电流上限, 在本实施例中设置为 1A。 MAX8903可接受的最大输入电压为 16V, 在输入的 VBUS电压达到 10V时可以正常工作。
请参考图 3所示, 图 3是本发明实施例所述的移动终端内部和大功率 充电相关的软件工作流程图, 其包括如下步驟:
步驟 301 : 打开 VBUS电源开关;
步驟 302: 读取 VBUS电压;
步驟 303: 判断 VBUS电压是否高于 5.5V, 如果高于, 转入步驟 305, 如果低于, 则转入步驟 304;
步驟 304: 将 11001010送给控制信号, 每比特(BIT ) 占用 1ms;
步驟 305: 延时 1秒返回步驟 302。
软件每隔 Is, 通过模数转换器( ADC )判断一次当前的 VBUS电压。 如果电压高于 5.5V, 则说明外接适配器已经进入高电压输出状态, 不干涉 充电过程; 但如果当前 VBUS电压低于 5.5V, 则软件利用 CTRL信号产生 一个控制信号, 通过控制 T1 , 产生一个预设的电流波形, 该电流波形跟控 制信号的关系可参考附图 7。在本实施例中, 控制序列为 11001010B, 用 16 进制表示为 0CAH。
在该实施例中, 所述判断标准设置为 5.5V电压, 该电压值是一个预先 确定的阈值, 在其他实施例中, 可以设置为其他值。
附图 4是本发明实施例所述的电源适配器内部的原理示意图。 其中, 由 R41/R42/R43/T41组成 AC/DC的电压反馈网络。 AC/DC适配器反馈端的 基准电压 VREF为 2.5V, 取 R41=lKohm, R42=330ohm, R43=670ohm, 则 当控制信号为低电平时, NMOS ( N型金属 -氧化物-半导体场效应管)管 T41 不导通, 输出电压为:
VOUT=VREF*(R41+R42+R43)/(R42+R43)=5V
当控制信号为高电平, T41导通, 将 R43短路, 则输出电压为:
VOUT=VREF*(R41+R42)/R42=10V
在附图 4中, 在直流输出路径上串联一个电阻 R44 , 取值为 0.05ohm。 该电阻上的压降反映了当前配器的输出电流。 用此压降叠加一个固定为 5mV的偏置电压, 送给一个比较器。 当输出电流大于 0.1A时, 该电阻上的 压降大于 5mV, 比较器输出低电平;反之当输出电流小于 0.1A时, 比较器 输出高电平。 如果适配器的输出电流时大时小, 则该比较器以 0.1A为比较 阈值, 将电流波形数字化。 数字化的电流波形、 适配器内比较器输入电压 波形以及输出电流波形的关系请参考图 7。
在附图 4中的波形检测逻辑电路, 默认输出低电平信号, 使得 AC/DC 输出 5V; 如果波形检测逻辑电路检测到了特定的数字波形 (在本实施例中 是 11001010B ), 则输出高电平信号, 使得 AC/DC的输出电压上升到 10V。 波形电路在后续一旦检测到输入信号为高(对应于输出电流小于 0.1A ), 则 意味着终端已经不需要大功率充电, 或者适配器被拔出, 该逻辑电路马上 恢复为低电平, 控制适配器输出电压回到 5V。
附图 5是上述波形检测逻辑电路的原理框图, 其包含时钟发生器, 移 位寄存器, 数字比较器, 或非门和一个 RS (复位-置位)触发器。
上述的时钟发生器, 固定产生一个 1kHz时钟, 作为移位寄存器的工作 时钟。 在时钟的上升沿, 移位寄存器采样输入信号, 移入移位寄存器的移 位序列。
附图 5中的数字比较器, 其一个输入端来源于移位寄存器的并行输出, 另一个输入端固定为一个特定的, 跟终端的开关控制信号相同的值即 Ι ΙΟΟΙΟΙΟΒο 该数字比较器在 2个端口的 8bit数据全部一致时输出低电平, 否则, 只要有一位不同, 该数字比较器输出电平就会变高。
逻辑电路中的 RS触发器, 默认输出低电平。 R端为高电平时, 输出低 电平, 当检测到 S端为高电平时, 输出为高电平。 或非门的目的在于, 当 R 和 S同时有效时, 让 R信号优先, 保证在电源适配器从终端拔出, 电流下 降, 马上可以将适配器的输出恢复到 5V。
附图 6为本发明实施例电路工作原理中逻辑电路的工作过程示意图。 初始状态下, 移位寄存器内部的移位序列全是 0, RS触发器输出低电平; 自第 2个时钟周期开始,输入信号开始将序列 11001010B送入移位寄存器, 直至第 9个时钟上升沿, 全部的 8位全部进入移位寄存器, 此时移位寄存 器输出值刚好是 11001010B (即 16进制的 0CAH )。 此时, 数字比较器的 2 个输入端信号完全相同, 输出由 1翻转为 0, 经过或非门后, 控制 RS触发 器发生翻转, 其输出由 0变 1 (对应于适配器的输出电压提升到 10V )。
从第 10个时钟周期开始一直到第 14个时钟周期, 由于比较器的 1个 输入端数据不同, 比较器持续输出高电平。 这段时间 RS触发器的 2个输入 端都是 0, 输出状态保持为 1不变(对应于适配器的输出电压维持 10V不 变)。 在第 15个时钟周期, 输入信号变为 1 (对应于适配器被拔出或者充电 结束)。此时由于 RS触发器的 R=l , S=0,触发器输出立即由 1翻转为 0 (对 应于适配器的输出电压恢复到 5V ), 并一直保持下去, 直至第 18个时钟周 期。 在这个阶段, 由于或非门的存在, 比较器的输出电平不会影响 RS触发 器的输入和输出。
本实施例所描述的电源适配器和移动终端, 在 USB接口仅通过 1A电 流时, 能够给移动终端输入 10W的功率, 大幅超过了普通的 USB接口电源 适配器。
本实施例所描述的适配器, 也可以给普通的 USB接口移动设备充电。 这种情况下, 由于适配器无法接收到终端发出的特定电流波形, 输出电压 仍维持标准的 5V,不会损坏移动终端设备,从而保证了本适配器的通用性。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、一种移动终端充电方法,移动终端内部 USB接口的电压总线 VBUS 电源输入上连接有能够切断和打开 VBUS的电源输入开关; 在充电期间, 所述移动终端通过控制所述开关, 控制输入电流以产生特定的电流波形; 为所述移动终端充电的充电设备内部包含有能检测自身输出电流波形 的电路, 如果该电路检测到上述移动终端所产生的特定的电流波形, 则将 充电设备的输出电压调高以对所述移动终端充电。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 所述移动终端包括控制开关、 直 流 -直流转换器 DC/DC充电管理电路、 电池;
在充电期间, 所述移动终端利用所述开关接通或者截断 VBUS的电流 输入, 从而产生特定的电流波形;
经过上述控制开关的 VBUS电源被输出给 DC/DC充电管理电路,以给 电池充电。
3、如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 所述充电设备包括交流-直流转换 器 AC/DC转换器和电流波形检测电路, 其中 AC/DC转换器的输出电压是 可调节的; 电流波形检测电路根据输出电流的波形产生逻辑电平, 以控制 AC/DC的输出电压。
4、 如权利要求 1至 3任一项所述的方法, 其中, 所述充电设备和移动 终端连接之后, 移动终端立即通过控制开关产生特定的电流波形; 在该电 流波形被充电设备内部的电流波形检测电路检测到之后, 控制适配器提高 输出电压。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其中, 移动终端通过模数转换器 ADC 判断当前的 VBUS电压; 如果电压高于预先确定的阈值, 则不干涉充电过 程; 如果当前 VBUS电压低于预先确定的阈值, 则产生控制信号以产生所 述特定的电流波形。
6、 一种移动终端, 包括; 包括控制开关、 充电管理电路、 电池; 所述控制开关用于接通或者截断 VBUS的电流输入, 以产生特定的电 流波形;
所述充电管理电路用于接收经过上述控制开关的 VBUS电流, 以给电 池充电。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的移动终端, 其中, 给所述移动终端充电的充电 设备包含有能检测自身输出电流波形的电路, 该电路在检测到上述移动终 端所产生的特定的电流波形时, 用于将充电设备的输出电压调高以对所述 移动终端充电。
8、 如权利要求 6或 7所述的移动终端, 其中, 所述移动终端用于通过 ADC判断当前的 VBUS电压; 如果电压高于预先确定的阈值, 则不干涉充 电过程; 如果当前 VBUS电压低于预先确定的阈值, 则产生控制信号以产 生所述特定的电流波形。
9、 一种移动终端充电设备, 用于给移动终端充电; 所述移动终端充电 设备包括 AC/DC转换器和电流波形检测电路; 其中 AC/DC转换器的输出 电压是可调节的; 电流波形检测电路用于根据输出电流的特定波形产生逻 辑电平, 以控制 AC/DC的输出电压。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的移动终端充电设备, 其中, 所述移动终端包 括控制开关、 DC/DC充电管理电路、 电池; 在充电期间, 所述移动终端用 于利用所述开关接通或者截断 VBUS的电流输入,以产生特定的电流波形; 经过上述控制开关的 VBUS电源被输出给 DC/DC充电管理电路,以给电池 充电。
11、 如权利要求 10所述的移动终端充电设备, 其中, 所述充电设备和 移动终端连接之后, 移动终端用于立即通过控制开关产生特定的电流波形; 在该电流波形被充电设备内部的电流波形检测电路检测到之后, 所述电流 波形检测电路用于控制适配器提高输出电压。
12、 如权利要求 11 所述的充电设备, 其中, 所述移动终端用于通过 ADC判断当前的 VBUS电压; 如果当前 VBUS电压高于预先确定的阈值, 则不干涉充电过程; 如果当前 VBUS电压低于预先确定的阈值, 则产生控 制信号以产生所述特定的电流波形。
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