WO2013088684A1 - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Air conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013088684A1
WO2013088684A1 PCT/JP2012/007833 JP2012007833W WO2013088684A1 WO 2013088684 A1 WO2013088684 A1 WO 2013088684A1 JP 2012007833 W JP2012007833 W JP 2012007833W WO 2013088684 A1 WO2013088684 A1 WO 2013088684A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
heat exchanger
heat storage
compressor
refrigerant
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2012/007833
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
雅也 太田
Original Assignee
パナソニック株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by パナソニック株式会社 filed Critical パナソニック株式会社
Priority to CN201280061079.8A priority Critical patent/CN103998877B/en
Publication of WO2013088684A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013088684A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
    • F24F2005/0025—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice using heat exchange fluid storage tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/01—Heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/24—Storage receiver heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2111—Temperatures of a heat storage receiver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/006—Cooling of compressor or motor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air conditioner that performs a defrosting operation.
  • the defrosting operation is performed by switching the four-way valve from the heating cycle to the cooling cycle.
  • the indoor fan is stopped, there is a disadvantage that a feeling of heating is lost because cold air is gradually discharged from the indoor unit.
  • an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problem, and by effectively using a heat source other than the compressor in the air conditioner, more comfortable heating operation while maintaining user comfort. It aims at providing the air conditioner which can perform.
  • the air conditioner of the present invention is configured so that the refrigerant flows in the order of the compressor, the four-way valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the expansion valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the four-way valve during heating operation.
  • the exhaust heat from the reactor is accumulated and cooled.
  • the air conditioner according to the present invention can perform more energy-saving heating operation while maintaining user comfort.
  • the compressor, the four-way valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the expansion valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the refrigeration cycle connected so that the refrigerant flows in the order of the four-way valve A heat storage material that stores a heat storage material that stores heat generated in the compressor and a heat storage heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing in the compressor and the heat storage material; and between the indoor heat exchanger and the expansion valve, While bypass-connecting between the four-way valve and the suction port of the compressor, between the first bypass flow path in which the heat storage heat exchanger is arranged, between the expansion valve and the outdoor heat exchanger, A second bypass flow path that bypass-connects between the discharge port of the compressor and the four-way valve; and a reactor that generates heat when a current flows, wherein the first bypass flow path includes exhaust heat of the reactor.
  • a heater that accumulates and transmits the refrigerant to the refrigerant is provided.
  • the defrosting operation can be performed using the exhaust heat of the reactor as well as the compressor, so that the time for the defrosting operation during the heating operation can be extended and an efficient defrosting operation can be performed. . That is, it is possible to realize more energy-saving operation while maintaining user comfort.
  • the air conditioner of the second invention is the air conditioner of the second invention, particularly in the first invention, further comprising heat storage tank temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the heat storage tank, and the heat storage heat exchanger and A third bypass flow path that bypasses the compressor to the suction side is provided, and the third bypass flow path includes a third bypass flow that opens and closes the heater and the refrigerant flow path.
  • the third bypass flow path two-way valve is opened and the third bypass is provided.
  • FIG. 1 shows a configuration of an air conditioner that is a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment.
  • the air conditioner shown in FIG. 1 includes an outdoor unit 2 and an indoor unit 4 that are connected to each other through a refrigerant pipe.
  • a compressor 6, a four-way valve 8, a strainer 10, an expansion valve 12, and an outdoor heat exchanger 14 are provided inside the outdoor unit 2.
  • a compressor 6, a four-way valve 8, a strainer 10, an expansion valve 12, and an outdoor heat exchanger 14 are provided inside the outdoor unit 2.
  • an indoor heat exchanger 16 which are connected to each other via a refrigerant pipe to constitute a refrigeration cycle.
  • the compressor 6 and the indoor heat exchanger 16 are connected via a refrigerant pipe 18 provided with a four-way valve 8.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 16 and the expansion valve 12 are connected via a refrigerant pipe 20 provided with a strainer 10 for preventing foreign matter from entering the expansion valve 12.
  • the expansion valve 12 and the outdoor heat exchanger 14 are connected via a refrigerant pipe 22.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 14 and the compressor 6 are connected via a refrigerant pipe 24.
  • a four-way valve 8 is arranged in the middle of the refrigerant pipe 24.
  • An accumulator 26 for separating the liquid-phase refrigerant and the gas-phase refrigerant is provided on the refrigerant suction side of the compressor 6 in the refrigerant pipe 24.
  • the compressor 6 and the refrigerant pipe 22 are connected via a refrigerant pipe 28.
  • the refrigerant pipe 28 is provided with a defrosting two-way valve (for example, an electromagnetic valve) 30 for opening and closing the refrigerant flow path.
  • a heat storage tank 32 that houses a heat storage material 36 and a heat storage heat exchanger 34 is provided around the compressor 6.
  • the heat storage material 36 (for example, ethylene glycol aqueous solution) is filled in the heat storage tank 32 and accumulates heat generated by the compressor 6.
  • the heat storage heat exchanger 34 transfers the exhaust heat of the compressor 6 accumulated in the heat storage material 36 to the refrigerant by exchanging heat between the refrigerant flowing inside and the heat storage material 36.
  • the heat storage tank 32, the heat storage heat exchanger 34, and the heat storage material 36 constitute a heat storage device.
  • the refrigerant pipe 20 and the heat storage heat exchanger 34 are connected via a refrigerant pipe 38.
  • the refrigerant pipe 38 is provided with a heat storage two-way valve (for example, an electromagnetic valve) 42 for opening and closing the refrigerant flow path.
  • the heat storage heat exchanger 34 and the refrigerant pipe 24 are connected via a refrigerant pipe 40.
  • an indoor fan 16a In addition to the indoor heat exchanger 16, an indoor fan 16a, upper and lower blades (not shown), and left and right blades (not shown) are provided inside the indoor unit 4.
  • the indoor blower fan 16a blows out the indoor air sucked into the indoor unit 4 into the room after exchanging heat with the refrigerant flowing inside the indoor heat exchanger 16.
  • air heated by heat exchange with a high-temperature refrigerant is blown into the room
  • air cooled by heat exchange with a low-temperature refrigerant is blown into the room.
  • the upper and lower blades change the direction of the air blown from the indoor unit 4 to the vertical direction
  • the left and right blades change the direction of the air blown from the indoor unit 4 to the left and right direction.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is provided with an outdoor heat exchanger inlet temperature detecting means 44 and an outdoor heat exchanger outlet temperature detecting means 46 for detecting the refrigerant inlet temperature and the refrigerant outlet temperature during the heating operation, respectively.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 16 is provided with an indoor heat exchanger temperature detection means 48 that detects the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 16.
  • the heat storage tank 32 is provided with heat storage tank temperature detection means 50 for detecting the temperature of the heat storage tank 32.
  • the outdoor unit 2 is provided with an outside air temperature detecting means 52 that detects the outside air temperature.
  • the exchanger outlet temperature detection means 46, the indoor heat exchanger temperature detection means 48, the heat storage tank temperature detection means 50, the outside air temperature detection means 52, and the like are electrically connected to a controller 54 (for example, a microcomputer). Is done.
  • the operation and operation of the compressor 6, the indoor blower fan 16 a, the upper and lower blades, the left and right blades, the four-way valve 8, and the expansion valve 12 are controlled based on a control signal from the controller 54.
  • the opening / closing of the defrosting two-way valve 30 and the heat storage two-way valve 42 is also controlled based on a control signal from the controller 54.
  • the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor 6 passes from the four-way valve 8 to the indoor heat exchanger 16 through the refrigerant pipe 18.
  • the refrigerant condensed by exchanging heat with indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 16 exits the indoor heat exchanger 16 and passes through the refrigerant pipe 20.
  • the refrigerant that has passed through the refrigerant pipe 20 passes through the strainer 10 and reaches the expansion valve 12.
  • the refrigerant depressurized by the expansion valve 12 reaches the outdoor heat exchanger 14 through the refrigerant pipe 22.
  • the refrigerant evaporated by exchanging heat with outdoor air in the outdoor heat exchanger 14 returns to the suction port of the compressor 6 through the refrigerant pipe 24, the four-way valve 8 and the accumulator 26.
  • the refrigerant pipe 28 branched from the discharge port side of the compressor 6 and the four-way valve 8 in the refrigerant pipe 18 is connected to the expansion valve 12 and the outdoor heat exchanger in the refrigerant pipe 22 via the defrost two-way valve 30. 14 is merging.
  • the heat storage tank 32 that accommodates the heat storage material 36 and the heat storage heat exchanger 34 therein is disposed so as to be in contact with and surround the compressor 6, and accumulates heat generated in the compressor 6 in the heat storage material 36.
  • the refrigerant pipe 38 branched from the refrigerant pipe 20 between the indoor heat exchanger 16 and the strainer 10 reaches the inlet of the heat storage heat exchanger 34 via the heat storage two-way valve 42.
  • the refrigerant pipe 40 that has come out from the outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger 34 joins between the four-way valve 8 and the accumulator 26 in the refrigerant pipe 24.
  • the defrosting two-way valve 30 and the heat storage two-way valve 42 are closed, so that the refrigerant does not flow through the refrigerant pipes 28, 38, and 40.
  • the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor 6 reaches the indoor heat exchanger 16 from the four-way valve 8 through the refrigerant pipe 18.
  • the refrigerant condensed by exchanging heat with the indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 16 exits the indoor heat exchanger 16 and reaches the expansion valve 12 through the refrigerant pipe 20.
  • the refrigerant decompressed by the expansion valve 12 reaches the outdoor heat exchanger 14 through the refrigerant pipe 22.
  • the refrigerant evaporated by exchanging heat with outdoor air in the outdoor heat exchanger 14 returns from the four-way valve 8 to the suction port of the compressor 6 through the refrigerant pipe 24.
  • the heat generated in the compressor 6 is accumulated in the heat storage material 36 housed in the heat storage tank 32 from the outer wall of the compressor 6 through the outer wall of the heat storage tank 32.
  • the air conditioner that is a refrigeration cycle apparatus includes an outdoor heat exchanger inlet temperature detection means 44 that detects the refrigerant inlet temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 14 during heating operation. Is provided.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger inlet temperature detection means 44 detects that the evaporating temperature has decreased as compared with the non-frosting time, an instruction to shift from the normal heating operation to the defrosting / heating operation is output from the controller 54.
  • the defrosting two-way valve 30 and the heat storage two-way valve 42 are opened.
  • a part of the gas-phase refrigerant that has come out from the discharge port of the compressor 6 passes through the refrigerant pipe 28 and the defrost two-way valve 30 and passes through the refrigerant pipe 22.
  • Merges with the passing refrigerant The combined refrigerant heats the outdoor heat exchanger 14, condenses into a liquid phase, passes through the refrigerant pipe 24, and returns to the suction port of the compressor 6 through the four-way valve 8 and the accumulator 26.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is heated in the refrigerant pipe 28 that bypass-connects between the expansion valve 12 and the outdoor heat exchanger 14 and between the discharge port of the compressor 6 and the four-way valve 8. Then, the gas phase refrigerant for performing defrosting passes. Therefore, the refrigerant pipe 28 can also be referred to as a defrosting bypass passage 28 (second bypass passage 28).
  • the defrosting two-way valve 30 provided in the defrosting bypass channel 28 can also be referred to as a second bypass channel two-way valve 30.
  • a part of the liquid-phase refrigerant that is divided between the indoor heat exchanger 16 and the strainer 10 in the refrigerant pipe 20 reaches the heat storage heat exchanger 34 through the refrigerant pipe 38 and the heat storage two-way valve 42.
  • the refrigerant that has absorbed heat and evaporated from the heat storage material 36 in the heat storage heat exchanger 34 passes through the refrigerant pipe 40, merges with the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant pipe 24, and returns from the accumulator 26 to the suction port of the compressor 6. .
  • the refrigerant pipe 38 and the refrigerant pipe 40 that bypass-connect between the indoor heat exchanger 16 and the expansion valve 12 and between the four-way valve 8 and the suction port of the compressor 6 pass through the heat storage heat exchanger 34. Then, the refrigerant that absorbs heat from the heat storage material 36 flows. Therefore, these two refrigerant pipes 38 and 40 can also be referred to as heat storage bypass passages 38 and 40 (first bypass passages 38 and 40).
  • the heat storage two-way valve 42 provided in the heat storage bypass flow path 38 can also be referred to as a first bypass flow path two-way valve 42.
  • the refrigerant returning to the accumulator 26 includes the liquid phase refrigerant returning from the outdoor heat exchanger 14, and this liquid phase refrigerant is mixed with the high-temperature gas phase refrigerant that has passed through the heat storage heat exchanger 34. As a result, evaporation of the liquid-phase refrigerant is promoted. Thereby, the liquid phase refrigerant does not pass through the accumulator 26 and returns to the compressor 6, and the reliability of the compressor 6 can be improved.
  • the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 14 that has become below freezing due to the attachment of frost at the start of defrosting and heating is heated by the gas-phase refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor 6, and the frost is melted near zero.
  • the frost melts the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 14 starts to rise again.
  • the temperature rise of the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is detected by the outdoor heat exchanger outlet temperature detection means 46, it is determined that the defrosting has been completed, and an instruction to shift from the defrosting / heating operation to the normal heating operation is output from the controller 54. Is done.
  • the air conditioner according to the present embodiment includes a reactor (reactor, not shown) that generates heat when an electric current flows, a heat storage heat exchanger 34 and a suction port side of the compressor 6 in the refrigerant pipe 40. And a reactor heating bypass channel 60 (third bypass channel 60) that bypass-connects the two.
  • the reactor heating bypass channel 60 has a heater 61 that accumulates heat radiated from the reactor and dissipates heat to the refrigerant, and reactor heating that opens and closes the refrigerant channel in order to flow the refrigerant to the reactor heating bypass channel 60.
  • a two-way valve 62 is a two-way valve 62.
  • the reactor heating two-way valve 62 is opened and the refrigerant is caused to flow through the reactor heating bypass passage 60.
  • the exhaust heat of the reactor can be transmitted to the refrigerant. Therefore, even if the temperature of the heat storage tank 32 is lowered, the heating operation can be performed while continuing the defrosting operation.
  • the refrigerant flows in the order of the compressor 6, the four-way valve 8, the indoor heat exchanger 16, the expansion valve 12, the outdoor heat exchanger 14, and the four-way valve 8.
  • the refrigerating cycle connected so as to flow, the heat storage material 36 that stores heat generated in the compressor 6, and the heat storage tank 32 that houses the heat storage heat exchanger 34 that exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing inside and the heat storage material 36, and the indoor heat First bypass passages 38 and 40 in which bypass connection is made between the exchanger 16 and the expansion valve 12, and between the four-way valve 8 and the suction port of the compressor 6, and the heat storage heat exchanger 34 is disposed in the middle.
  • a second bypass flow path 28 that bypass-connects between the expansion valve 12 and the outdoor heat exchanger 14, the discharge port of the compressor 6 and the four-way valve 8, and a reactor that generates heat when current flows.
  • the first bypass passages 38 and 40 are provided with a heater 61 that accumulates the exhaust heat of the reactor and transmits it to the refrigerant.
  • the air conditioner of the present embodiment further includes a heat storage tank temperature detecting means 50 that detects the temperature of the heat storage tank 32, and the heat storage heat exchanger 34 and the compressor are provided in the first bypass passages 38 and 40.
  • 6 is provided with a third bypass flow path 60 that bypass-connects to the suction side of the heater 6.
  • the third bypass flow path 60 includes a heater 61 and a third bypass flow path that opens and closes the refrigerant flow path.
  • the third bypass flow two-way valve 62 is opened and the third bypass flow is provided.
  • a refrigerant is caused to flow through the path 60.
  • the air conditioner according to the present invention can perform an efficient defrosting operation using a finite amount of heat stored in the heat storage device, the air conditioner can also be used for other refrigeration cycle devices that may form frost in winter. can do.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)

Abstract

An air conditioner is provided with: a refrigeration cycle formed by interconnecting a compressor (6), a four-way valve (8), an indoor heat exchanger (16), an expansion valve (12), an outdoor heat exchanger (14), and the four-way valve (8) so that a refrigerant flows through such elements in that order during heating operation; a heat storage tank (32) for housing a heat storage material (36) which stores heat generated by the compressor (6), and also housing a heat storage heat exchanger (34) which allows a refrigerant flowing therein to exchange heat with the heat storage material (36); a first bypass conduit (38, 40) for the bypass connection between the indoor heat exchanger (16) and the expansion valve (12), and the bypass connection between the four-way valve (8) and the suction opening of the compressor (6), the first bypass conduit (38, 40) having the heat storage heat exchanger (34) disposed between the ends thereof; a second bypass conduit (28) for the bypass connection between the expansion valve (12) and the outdoor heat exchanger (14), and the bypass connection between the discharge opening of the compressor (6) and the four-way valve (8); and a reactor for generating heat when an electric current flows therethrough. The first bypass conduit (40) is provided with a heater (61) which stores heat discharged from the reactor and which transfers the heat to the refrigerant.

Description

空気調和機Air conditioner
　本発明は、除霜運転を行う空気調和機に関する。 The present invention relates to an air conditioner that performs a defrosting operation.
　従来、ヒートポンプ式空気調和機による暖房運転時に、室外熱交換器に着霜した場合には、暖房サイクルから冷房サイクルに四方弁を切り替えて除霜運転を行っている。この除霜方式では、室内ファンは停止するものの、室内機から冷気が徐々に放出されることから暖房感が失われるという欠点がある。 Conventionally, when the outdoor heat exchanger is frosted during the heating operation by the heat pump air conditioner, the defrosting operation is performed by switching the four-way valve from the heating cycle to the cooling cycle. In this defrosting method, although the indoor fan is stopped, there is a disadvantage that a feeling of heating is lost because cold air is gradually discharged from the indoor unit.
　そこで、室外機に設けられた圧縮機の周囲に、圧縮機で発生した熱を利用する蓄熱装置を設け、暖房運転中に蓄熱装置に蓄えられた圧縮機の廃熱を利用して除霜するようにしたものが提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 Therefore, a heat storage device that uses heat generated by the compressor is provided around the compressor provided in the outdoor unit, and defrosting is performed using the waste heat of the compressor stored in the heat storage device during the heating operation. What has been proposed has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
特開平３－３１６６６号公報JP-A-3-31666
　しかしながら、特許文献１に記載の空気調和機では、圧縮機のみの排熱を利用しているため、圧縮機以外の熱源を有効的に利用するという観点で未だ改善の余地があった。 However, since the air conditioner described in Patent Document 1 uses the exhaust heat of only the compressor, there is still room for improvement from the viewpoint of effectively using a heat source other than the compressor.
　従って、本発明の目的は、上記問題を解決することにあって、空気調和機における圧縮機以外の熱源を有効的に利用することにより、ユーザーの快適性を維持しつつ、より省エネな暖房運転を行うことができる空気調和機を提供することを目的とする。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problem, and by effectively using a heat source other than the compressor in the air conditioner, more comfortable heating operation while maintaining user comfort. It aims at providing the air conditioner which can perform.
　前記従来の課題を解決するために、本発明の空気調和機は、暖房運転時に、圧縮機、四方弁、室内熱交換器、膨張弁、室外熱交換器、前記四方弁の順に冷媒が流れるように接続した冷凍サイクルと、前記圧縮機で発生した熱を蓄積する蓄熱材および内部に流れる冷媒を前記蓄熱材と熱交換させる蓄熱熱交換器を収容する蓄熱槽と、前記室内熱交換器と前記膨張弁との間と、前記四方弁と前記圧縮機の吸入口との間をバイパス接続するとともに、途中に前記蓄熱熱交換器が配置された第１バイパス流路と、前記膨張弁と前記室外熱交換器との間と、前記圧縮機の吐出口と前記四方弁との間をバイパス接続する第２バイパス流路と、電流が流れるときに発熱するリアクタとを備え、前記第１バイパス流路には、前記リアクタの排熱を蓄積して冷媒に伝える加熱器が設けられることにより、圧縮機だけでなくリアクタの排熱も有効的に利用しながら除霜運転を実施することができるため、ユーザーの快適性を維持しつつ、より省エネな暖房運転を行うことができる。 In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, the air conditioner of the present invention is configured so that the refrigerant flows in the order of the compressor, the four-way valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the expansion valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the four-way valve during heating operation. A refrigerating cycle connected to the heat storage material, a heat storage material that stores heat generated in the compressor, and a heat storage tank that stores a heat storage heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing inside and the heat storage material, the indoor heat exchanger, and the A bypass passage between the expansion valve, the four-way valve and the compressor inlet, and the heat storage heat exchanger disposed in the middle, the expansion valve, and the outdoor A first bypass flow path including a second bypass flow path that bypasses the heat exchanger, the discharge port of the compressor, and the four-way valve; and a reactor that generates heat when current flows. In this case, the exhaust heat from the reactor is accumulated and cooled. By providing a heater that communicates with the system, defrosting operation can be carried out while effectively using not only the compressor but also the exhaust heat from the reactor. You can drive.
　本発明に係る空気調和機は、ユーザーの快適性を維持しつつ、より省エネな暖房運転を行うことができる。 The air conditioner according to the present invention can perform more energy-saving heating operation while maintaining user comfort.
　本発明のこれらの態様と特徴は、添付された図面についての好ましい実施形態に関連した次の記述から明らかになる。
本発明の実施の形態における空気調和機の模式図 These aspects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The schematic diagram of the air conditioner in embodiment of this invention
　第１の発明の空気調和機は、暖房運転時に、圧縮機、四方弁、室内熱交換器、膨張弁、室外熱交換器、前記四方弁の順に冷媒が流れるように接続した冷凍サイクルと、前記圧縮機で発生した熱を蓄積する蓄熱材および内部に流れる冷媒を前記蓄熱材と熱交換させる蓄熱熱交換器を収容する蓄熱槽と、前記室内熱交換器と前記膨張弁との間と、前記四方弁と前記圧縮機の吸入口との間をバイパス接続するとともに、途中に前記蓄熱熱交換器が配置された第１バイパス流路と、前記膨張弁と前記室外熱交換器との間と、前記圧縮機の吐出口と前記四方弁との間をバイパス接続する第２バイパス流路と、電流が流れるときに発熱するリアクタとを備え、前記第１バイパス流路には、前記リアクタの排熱を蓄積して冷媒に伝える加熱器が設けられる。これにより、圧縮機だけでなくリアクタの排熱を利用して除霜運転を実施することができるため、暖房運転中における除霜運転の時間を延ばし、効率的な除霜運転を行うことができる。すなわち、ユーザーの快適性を維持しつつ、より省エネな運転を実現することができる。 In the air conditioner of the first invention, during the heating operation, the compressor, the four-way valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the expansion valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the refrigeration cycle connected so that the refrigerant flows in the order of the four-way valve, A heat storage material that stores a heat storage material that stores heat generated in the compressor and a heat storage heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing in the compressor and the heat storage material; and between the indoor heat exchanger and the expansion valve, While bypass-connecting between the four-way valve and the suction port of the compressor, between the first bypass flow path in which the heat storage heat exchanger is arranged, between the expansion valve and the outdoor heat exchanger, A second bypass flow path that bypass-connects between the discharge port of the compressor and the four-way valve; and a reactor that generates heat when a current flows, wherein the first bypass flow path includes exhaust heat of the reactor. A heater that accumulates and transmits the refrigerant to the refrigerant is provided.As a result, the defrosting operation can be performed using the exhaust heat of the reactor as well as the compressor, so that the time for the defrosting operation during the heating operation can be extended and an efficient defrosting operation can be performed. . That is, it is possible to realize more energy-saving operation while maintaining user comfort.
　第２の発明の空気調和機は、特に第１の発明において、前記蓄熱槽の温度を検出する蓄熱槽温度検出手段をさらに備え、前記第１バイパス流路内には、前記蓄熱熱交換器と前記圧縮機の吸入口側との間をバイパス接続する第３バイパス流路が設けられており、前記第３バイパス流路には、前記加熱器と、冷媒の流路を開閉する第３バイパス流路用二方弁とが設けられており、前記蓄熱槽温度検出手段が検出した温度が所定の温度よりも低い場合には、前記第３バイパス流路用二方弁を開いて前記第３バイパス流路に冷媒を流すことにより、リアクタの排熱を適切なタイミングで利用しながら除霜運転を実施することができるため、より効率的な除霜運転を実施することができる。 The air conditioner of the second invention is the air conditioner of the second invention, particularly in the first invention, further comprising heat storage tank temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the heat storage tank, and the heat storage heat exchanger and A third bypass flow path that bypasses the compressor to the suction side is provided, and the third bypass flow path includes a third bypass flow that opens and closes the heater and the refrigerant flow path. When the temperature detected by the heat storage tank temperature detecting means is lower than a predetermined temperature, the third bypass flow path two-way valve is opened and the third bypass is provided. By flowing the refrigerant through the flow path, the defrosting operation can be performed while using the exhaust heat of the reactor at an appropriate timing, so that a more efficient defrosting operation can be performed.
　以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、この実施の形態によって本発明が限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
　（実施の形態）
　図１は、本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置である空気調和機の構成を示す。図１に示す空気調和機は、冷媒配管で互いに接続された室外機２と室内機４とで構成されている。 (Embodiment)
FIG. 1 shows a configuration of an air conditioner that is a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment. The air conditioner shown in FIG. 1 includes an outdoor unit 2 and an indoor unit 4 that are connected to each other through a refrigerant pipe.
　図１に示されるように、室外機２の内部には、圧縮機６と四方弁８とストレーナ（strainer）１０と膨張弁１２と室外熱交換器１４とが設けられ、室内機４の内部には、室内熱交換器１６が設けられ、これらは冷媒配管を介して互いに接続されることで冷凍サイクルを構成している。 As shown in FIG. 1, a compressor 6, a four-way valve 8, a strainer 10, an expansion valve 12, and an outdoor heat exchanger 14 are provided inside the outdoor unit 2. Are provided with an indoor heat exchanger 16, which are connected to each other via a refrigerant pipe to constitute a refrigeration cycle.
　さらに詳述すると、圧縮機６と室内熱交換器１６は、四方弁８が設けられた冷媒配管１８を介して接続される。室内熱交換器１６と膨張弁１２は、膨張弁１２への異物侵入を防止するためのストレーナ１０が設けられた冷媒配管２０を介して接続される。膨張弁１２と室外熱交換器１４は冷媒配管２２を介して接続される。室外熱交換器１４と圧縮機６は冷媒配管２４を介して接続される。 More specifically, the compressor 6 and the indoor heat exchanger 16 are connected via a refrigerant pipe 18 provided with a four-way valve 8. The indoor heat exchanger 16 and the expansion valve 12 are connected via a refrigerant pipe 20 provided with a strainer 10 for preventing foreign matter from entering the expansion valve 12. The expansion valve 12 and the outdoor heat exchanger 14 are connected via a refrigerant pipe 22. The outdoor heat exchanger 14 and the compressor 6 are connected via a refrigerant pipe 24.
　冷媒配管２４の途中には四方弁８が配置される。冷媒配管２４における圧縮機６の冷媒吸入側には、液相冷媒と気相冷媒を分離するためのアキュームレータ（accumulator）２６が設けられている。 A four-way valve 8 is arranged in the middle of the refrigerant pipe 24. An accumulator 26 for separating the liquid-phase refrigerant and the gas-phase refrigerant is provided on the refrigerant suction side of the compressor 6 in the refrigerant pipe 24.
また、圧縮機６と冷媒配管２２は、冷媒配管２８を介して接続されている。冷媒配管２８には、冷媒の流路を開閉するための除霜二方弁（例えば、電磁弁）３０が設けられている。 The compressor 6 and the refrigerant pipe 22 are connected via a refrigerant pipe 28. The refrigerant pipe 28 is provided with a defrosting two-way valve (for example, an electromagnetic valve) 30 for opening and closing the refrigerant flow path.
　さらに、圧縮機６の周囲には、蓄熱材３６と蓄熱熱交換器３４とを収容する蓄熱槽３２が設けられている。蓄熱材３６（例えば、エチレングリコール（ethylene glycol）水溶液）は、蓄熱槽３２内に充填されており、圧縮機６で発生した熱を蓄積する。蓄熱熱交換器３４は、内部に流れる冷媒を蓄熱材３６と熱交換させることにより、蓄熱材３６に蓄積された圧縮機６の排熱を冷媒に伝える。これら蓄熱槽３２と蓄熱熱交換器３４と蓄熱材３６とで蓄熱装置を構成している。 Furthermore, a heat storage tank 32 that houses a heat storage material 36 and a heat storage heat exchanger 34 is provided around the compressor 6. The heat storage material 36 (for example, ethylene glycol aqueous solution) is filled in the heat storage tank 32 and accumulates heat generated by the compressor 6. The heat storage heat exchanger 34 transfers the exhaust heat of the compressor 6 accumulated in the heat storage material 36 to the refrigerant by exchanging heat between the refrigerant flowing inside and the heat storage material 36. The heat storage tank 32, the heat storage heat exchanger 34, and the heat storage material 36 constitute a heat storage device.
　また、冷媒配管２０と蓄熱熱交換器３４は冷媒配管３８を介して接続される。冷媒配管３８には、冷媒の流路を開閉するための蓄熱二方弁（例えば、電磁弁）４２が設けられている。蓄熱熱交換器３４と冷媒配管２４は冷媒配管４０を介して接続される。 Further, the refrigerant pipe 20 and the heat storage heat exchanger 34 are connected via a refrigerant pipe 38. The refrigerant pipe 38 is provided with a heat storage two-way valve (for example, an electromagnetic valve) 42 for opening and closing the refrigerant flow path. The heat storage heat exchanger 34 and the refrigerant pipe 24 are connected via a refrigerant pipe 40.
　室内機４の内部には、室内熱交換器１６に加えて、室内送風ファン１６ａと、上下羽根（図示せず）と左右羽根（図示せず）とが設けられている。室内送風ファン１６ａは、室内機４の内部に吸い込んだ室内空気を、室内熱交換器１６の内部に流れる冷媒と熱交換させた上で、室内に吹き出す。暖房時には、高温の冷媒と熱交換して暖められた空気が室内に吹き出される一方、冷房時には、低温の冷媒と熱交換して冷却された空気が室内に吹き出される。上下羽根は、室内機４から吹き出される空気の方向を上下方向に変更し、左右羽根は、室内機４から吹き出される空気の方向を左右方向に変更する。 In addition to the indoor heat exchanger 16, an indoor fan 16a, upper and lower blades (not shown), and left and right blades (not shown) are provided inside the indoor unit 4. The indoor blower fan 16a blows out the indoor air sucked into the indoor unit 4 into the room after exchanging heat with the refrigerant flowing inside the indoor heat exchanger 16. During heating, air heated by heat exchange with a high-temperature refrigerant is blown into the room, while during cooling, air cooled by heat exchange with a low-temperature refrigerant is blown into the room. The upper and lower blades change the direction of the air blown from the indoor unit 4 to the vertical direction, and the left and right blades change the direction of the air blown from the indoor unit 4 to the left and right direction.
　また、室外熱交換器１４には、暖房運転時の冷媒入口温度および冷媒出口温度をそれぞれ検出する室外熱交換器入口温度検出手段４４および室外熱交換器出口温度検出手段４６が設けられる。室内熱交換器１６には、室内熱交換器１６の温度を検出する室内熱交換器温度検出手段４８が設けられる。蓄熱槽３２には、蓄熱槽３２の温度を検出する蓄熱槽温度検出手段５０が設けられる。室外機２には、外気温度を検出する外気温度検出手段５２が設けられる。 Also, the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is provided with an outdoor heat exchanger inlet temperature detecting means 44 and an outdoor heat exchanger outlet temperature detecting means 46 for detecting the refrigerant inlet temperature and the refrigerant outlet temperature during the heating operation, respectively. The indoor heat exchanger 16 is provided with an indoor heat exchanger temperature detection means 48 that detects the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 16. The heat storage tank 32 is provided with heat storage tank temperature detection means 50 for detecting the temperature of the heat storage tank 32. The outdoor unit 2 is provided with an outside air temperature detecting means 52 that detects the outside air temperature.
　なお、圧縮機６、室内送風ファン１６ａ、上下羽根、左右羽根、四方弁８、膨張弁１２、除霜二方弁３０、蓄熱二方弁４２、室外熱交換器入口温度検出手段４４、室外熱交換器出口温度検出手段４６、室内熱交換器温度検出手段４８、蓄熱槽温度検出手段５０、外気温度検出手段５２等は、コントローラ（controller）５４（例えば、マイコン（microcomputer））に電気的に接続される。圧縮機６、室内送風ファン１６ａ、上下羽根、左右羽根、四方弁８、膨張弁１２の運転や動作は、コントローラ５４からの制御信号に基づいて制御される。除霜二方弁３０と蓄熱二方弁４２の開閉も、コントローラ５４からの制御信号に基づいて制御される。 The compressor 6, the indoor fan 16a, the upper and lower blades, the left and right blades, the four-way valve 8, the expansion valve 12, the defrosting two-way valve 30, the heat storage two-way valve 42, the outdoor heat exchanger inlet temperature detection means 44, the outdoor heat The exchanger outlet temperature detection means 46, the indoor heat exchanger temperature detection means 48, the heat storage tank temperature detection means 50, the outside air temperature detection means 52, and the like are electrically connected to a controller 54 (for example, a microcomputer). Is done. The operation and operation of the compressor 6, the indoor blower fan 16 a, the upper and lower blades, the left and right blades, the four-way valve 8, and the expansion valve 12 are controlled based on a control signal from the controller 54. The opening / closing of the defrosting two-way valve 30 and the heat storage two-way valve 42 is also controlled based on a control signal from the controller 54.
　上記構成を有する本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置において、各部品の相互の接続関係と機能とを、暖房運転時の場合を例にとり冷媒の流れとともに説明する。 In the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration, the mutual connection relationship and function of each component will be described together with the flow of the refrigerant, taking the case of heating operation as an example.
　暖房運転時において、圧縮機６の吐出口から吐出された冷媒は、冷媒配管１８を通って四方弁８から室内熱交換器１６へと至る。室内熱交換器１６において室内空気と熱交換して凝縮した冷媒は、室内熱交換器１６を出て冷媒配管２０を通る。冷媒配管２０を通った冷媒は、ストレーナ１０を通って、膨張弁１２に至る。膨張弁１２で減圧された冷媒は、冷媒配管２２を通って室外熱交換器１４に至る。室外熱交換器１４において室外空気と熱交換して蒸発した冷媒は、冷媒配管２４、四方弁８およびアキュームレータ２６を通って圧縮機６の吸入口へと戻る。 During the heating operation, the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor 6 passes from the four-way valve 8 to the indoor heat exchanger 16 through the refrigerant pipe 18. The refrigerant condensed by exchanging heat with indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 16 exits the indoor heat exchanger 16 and passes through the refrigerant pipe 20. The refrigerant that has passed through the refrigerant pipe 20 passes through the strainer 10 and reaches the expansion valve 12. The refrigerant depressurized by the expansion valve 12 reaches the outdoor heat exchanger 14 through the refrigerant pipe 22. The refrigerant evaporated by exchanging heat with outdoor air in the outdoor heat exchanger 14 returns to the suction port of the compressor 6 through the refrigerant pipe 24, the four-way valve 8 and the accumulator 26.
　また、冷媒配管１８における圧縮機６の吐出口側と四方弁８との間から分岐した冷媒配管２８は、除霜二方弁３０を介して、冷媒配管２２における膨張弁１２と室外熱交換器１４の間に合流している。 The refrigerant pipe 28 branched from the discharge port side of the compressor 6 and the four-way valve 8 in the refrigerant pipe 18 is connected to the expansion valve 12 and the outdoor heat exchanger in the refrigerant pipe 22 via the defrost two-way valve 30. 14 is merging.
　さらに、内部に蓄熱材３６と蓄熱熱交換器３４を収容した蓄熱槽３２は、圧縮機６に接触して取り囲むように配置され、圧縮機６で発生した熱を蓄熱材３６に蓄積する。冷媒配管２０から室内熱交換器１６とストレーナ１０の間で分岐した冷媒配管３８は、蓄熱二方弁４２を経て蓄熱熱交換器３４の入口へと至る。蓄熱熱交換器３４の出口から出た冷媒配管４０は、冷媒配管２４における四方弁８とアキュームレータ２６の間に合流する。 Furthermore, the heat storage tank 32 that accommodates the heat storage material 36 and the heat storage heat exchanger 34 therein is disposed so as to be in contact with and surround the compressor 6, and accumulates heat generated in the compressor 6 in the heat storage material 36. The refrigerant pipe 38 branched from the refrigerant pipe 20 between the indoor heat exchanger 16 and the strainer 10 reaches the inlet of the heat storage heat exchanger 34 via the heat storage two-way valve 42. The refrigerant pipe 40 that has come out from the outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger 34 joins between the four-way valve 8 and the accumulator 26 in the refrigerant pipe 24.
　次に、除霜運転が行われない通常暖房時の動作を説明する。通常暖房運転時、除霜二方弁３０と蓄熱二方弁４２は閉弁されるため、冷媒配管２８、３８、４０には冷媒が流れない。上述したように、圧縮機６の吐出口から吐出された冷媒は、冷媒配管１８を通って四方弁８から室内熱交換器１６に至る。室内熱交換器１６で室内空気と熱交換して凝縮した冷媒は、室内熱交換器１６を出て、冷媒配管２０を通り膨張弁１２に至る。膨張弁１２で減圧した冷媒は、冷媒配管２２を通って室外熱交換器１４に至る。室外熱交換器１４で室外空気と熱交換して蒸発した冷媒は、冷媒配管２４を通って四方弁８から圧縮機６の吸入口へと戻る。 Next, the operation during normal heating without defrosting operation will be described. During normal heating operation, the defrosting two-way valve 30 and the heat storage two-way valve 42 are closed, so that the refrigerant does not flow through the refrigerant pipes 28, 38, and 40. As described above, the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor 6 reaches the indoor heat exchanger 16 from the four-way valve 8 through the refrigerant pipe 18. The refrigerant condensed by exchanging heat with the indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 16 exits the indoor heat exchanger 16 and reaches the expansion valve 12 through the refrigerant pipe 20. The refrigerant decompressed by the expansion valve 12 reaches the outdoor heat exchanger 14 through the refrigerant pipe 22. The refrigerant evaporated by exchanging heat with outdoor air in the outdoor heat exchanger 14 returns from the four-way valve 8 to the suction port of the compressor 6 through the refrigerant pipe 24.
　また、圧縮機６で発生した熱は、圧縮機６の外壁から蓄熱槽３２の外壁を介して蓄熱槽３２の内部に収容された蓄熱材３６に蓄積される。 Further, the heat generated in the compressor 6 is accumulated in the heat storage material 36 housed in the heat storage tank 32 from the outer wall of the compressor 6 through the outer wall of the heat storage tank 32.
　次に、除霜運転を行いながら暖房運転を行う除霜・暖房運転時の動作を説明する。 Next, the operation during the defrosting / heating operation in which the heating operation is performed while performing the defrosting operation will be described.
　上述した通常暖房運転中に室外熱交換器１４に着霜し、着霜した霜が成長すると、室外熱交換器１４の通風抵抗が増加して風量が減少し、室外熱交換器１４内の冷媒の蒸発温度が低下する。本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置である空気調和機には、図１に示されるように、暖房運転時における室外熱交換器１４の冷媒入口温度を検出する室外熱交換器入口温度検出手段４４が設けられている。非着霜時に比べて、蒸発温度が低下したことを室外熱交換器入口温度検出手段４４で検出すると、通常暖房運転から除霜・暖房運転への移行指示がコントローラ５４から出力される。 When the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is frosted during the normal heating operation described above and the frosted frost grows, the ventilation resistance of the outdoor heat exchanger 14 increases and the air flow decreases, and the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is reduced. The evaporation temperature of the liquid drops. As shown in FIG. 1, the air conditioner that is a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment includes an outdoor heat exchanger inlet temperature detection means 44 that detects the refrigerant inlet temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 14 during heating operation. Is provided. When the outdoor heat exchanger inlet temperature detection means 44 detects that the evaporating temperature has decreased as compared with the non-frosting time, an instruction to shift from the normal heating operation to the defrosting / heating operation is output from the controller 54.
　通常暖房運転から除霜・暖房運転に移行すると、除霜二方弁３０と蓄熱二方弁４２は開弁される。これにより、上述した通常暖房運転時の冷媒の流れに加え、圧縮機６の吐出口から出た気相冷媒の一部が、冷媒配管２８と除霜二方弁３０を通り、冷媒配管２２を通る冷媒に合流する。合流した冷媒は、室外熱交換器１４を加熱し、凝縮して液相化した後、冷媒配管２４を通って、四方弁８とアキュームレータ２６を介して圧縮機６の吸入口へと戻る。 When the normal heating operation is shifted to the defrosting / heating operation, the defrosting two-way valve 30 and the heat storage two-way valve 42 are opened. Thereby, in addition to the flow of the refrigerant at the time of the normal heating operation described above, a part of the gas-phase refrigerant that has come out from the discharge port of the compressor 6 passes through the refrigerant pipe 28 and the defrost two-way valve 30 and passes through the refrigerant pipe 22. Merges with the passing refrigerant. The combined refrigerant heats the outdoor heat exchanger 14, condenses into a liquid phase, passes through the refrigerant pipe 24, and returns to the suction port of the compressor 6 through the four-way valve 8 and the accumulator 26.
　このとき、膨張弁１２と室外熱交換器１４との間と、圧縮機６の吐出口と四方弁８との間をバイパス（bypass）接続する冷媒配管２８には、室外熱交換器１４を加熱して除霜を行うための気相冷媒が通過する。よって、冷媒配管２８を除霜バイパス流路２８（第２バイパス流路２８）ということもできる。また、除霜バイパス流路２８に設けられた除霜二方弁３０を、第２バイパス流路用二方弁３０ということもできる。 At this time, the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is heated in the refrigerant pipe 28 that bypass-connects between the expansion valve 12 and the outdoor heat exchanger 14 and between the discharge port of the compressor 6 and the four-way valve 8. Then, the gas phase refrigerant for performing defrosting passes. Therefore, the refrigerant pipe 28 can also be referred to as a defrosting bypass passage 28 (second bypass passage 28). The defrosting two-way valve 30 provided in the defrosting bypass channel 28 can also be referred to as a second bypass channel two-way valve 30.
　また、冷媒配管２０における室内熱交換器１６とストレーナ１０の間で分流した液相冷媒の一部は、冷媒配管３８と蓄熱二方弁４２を経て蓄熱熱交換器３４に至る。蓄熱熱交換器３４で蓄熱材３６から吸熱し蒸発、気相化した冷媒は、冷媒配管４０を通って、冷媒配管２４を通る冷媒に合流し、アキュームレータ２６から圧縮機６の吸入口へと戻る。 In addition, a part of the liquid-phase refrigerant that is divided between the indoor heat exchanger 16 and the strainer 10 in the refrigerant pipe 20 reaches the heat storage heat exchanger 34 through the refrigerant pipe 38 and the heat storage two-way valve 42. The refrigerant that has absorbed heat and evaporated from the heat storage material 36 in the heat storage heat exchanger 34 passes through the refrigerant pipe 40, merges with the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant pipe 24, and returns from the accumulator 26 to the suction port of the compressor 6. .
　なお、室内熱交換器１６と膨張弁１２との間と、四方弁８と圧縮機６の吸入口との間をバイパス接続する冷媒配管３８及び冷媒配管４０には、蓄熱熱交換器３４を通過して蓄熱材３６から吸熱する冷媒が流れる。よって、これら二つの冷媒配管３８、４０を蓄熱バイパス流路３８、４０（第１バイパス流路３８、４０）ということもできる。また、蓄熱バイパス流路３８に設けられた蓄熱二方弁４２を、第１バイパス流路用二方弁４２ということもできる。 Note that the refrigerant pipe 38 and the refrigerant pipe 40 that bypass-connect between the indoor heat exchanger 16 and the expansion valve 12 and between the four-way valve 8 and the suction port of the compressor 6 pass through the heat storage heat exchanger 34. Then, the refrigerant that absorbs heat from the heat storage material 36 flows. Therefore, these two refrigerant pipes 38 and 40 can also be referred to as heat storage bypass passages 38 and 40 (first bypass passages 38 and 40). The heat storage two-way valve 42 provided in the heat storage bypass flow path 38 can also be referred to as a first bypass flow path two-way valve 42.
　アキュームレータ２６に戻る冷媒には、室外熱交換器１４から戻ってくる液相冷媒が含まれているが、この液相冷媒に、蓄熱熱交換器３４を通過した高温の気相冷媒が混合されることで、液相冷媒の蒸発が促される。これにより、液相冷媒がアキュームレータ２６を通過して圧縮機６に戻ることがなくなり、圧縮機６の信頼性の向上を図ることができる。 The refrigerant returning to the accumulator 26 includes the liquid phase refrigerant returning from the outdoor heat exchanger 14, and this liquid phase refrigerant is mixed with the high-temperature gas phase refrigerant that has passed through the heat storage heat exchanger 34. As a result, evaporation of the liquid-phase refrigerant is promoted. Thereby, the liquid phase refrigerant does not pass through the accumulator 26 and returns to the compressor 6, and the reliability of the compressor 6 can be improved.
　除霜・暖房開始時に霜の付着により氷点下となった室外熱交換器１４の温度は、圧縮機６の吐出口から出た気相冷媒によって加熱されて、零度付近で霜が融解する。霜の融解が終わると、室外熱交換器１４の温度は再び上昇し始める。この室外熱交換器１４の温度上昇を室外熱交換器出口温度検出手段４６で検出すると、除霜が完了したと判断され、除霜・暖房運転から通常暖房運転への移行指示がコントローラ５４から出力される。 The temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 14 that has become below freezing due to the attachment of frost at the start of defrosting and heating is heated by the gas-phase refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor 6, and the frost is melted near zero. When the frost melts, the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 14 starts to rise again. When the temperature rise of the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is detected by the outdoor heat exchanger outlet temperature detection means 46, it is determined that the defrosting has been completed, and an instruction to shift from the defrosting / heating operation to the normal heating operation is output from the controller 54. Is done.
　また、本実施の形態に係る空気調和機は、電流が流れるときに発熱するリアクタ（reactor、図示せず）と、冷媒配管４０内において、蓄熱熱交換器３４と圧縮機６の吸入口側との間をバイパス接続するリアクタ加熱バイパス流路６０（第３バイパス流路６０）とを備える。リアクタ加熱バイパス流路６０には、リアクタから放熱された熱を蓄積して冷媒に放熱する加熱器６１と、リアクタ加熱バイパス流路６０に冷媒を流すために、冷媒の流路を開閉するリアクタ加熱二方弁６２とを備える。 In addition, the air conditioner according to the present embodiment includes a reactor (reactor, not shown) that generates heat when an electric current flows, a heat storage heat exchanger 34 and a suction port side of the compressor 6 in the refrigerant pipe 40. And a reactor heating bypass channel 60 (third bypass channel 60) that bypass-connects the two. The reactor heating bypass channel 60 has a heater 61 that accumulates heat radiated from the reactor and dissipates heat to the refrigerant, and reactor heating that opens and closes the refrigerant channel in order to flow the refrigerant to the reactor heating bypass channel 60. And a two-way valve 62.
　除霜・暖房運転時に、蓄熱槽温度検出手段５０が検出した温度が所定の温度よりも低い場合には、リアクタ加熱二方弁６２を開いて、リアクタ加熱バイパス流路６０に冷媒を流す。このような制御により、リアクタの排熱を冷媒に伝えることができるため、蓄熱槽３２の温度が低下しても、除霜運転を継続しながら暖房運転を実施することができる。 During the defrosting / heating operation, when the temperature detected by the heat storage tank temperature detecting means 50 is lower than the predetermined temperature, the reactor heating two-way valve 62 is opened and the refrigerant is caused to flow through the reactor heating bypass passage 60. By such control, the exhaust heat of the reactor can be transmitted to the refrigerant. Therefore, even if the temperature of the heat storage tank 32 is lowered, the heating operation can be performed while continuing the defrosting operation.
以上のように、本実施の形態の空気調和機は、暖房運転時に、圧縮機６、四方弁８、室内熱交換器１６、膨張弁１２、室外熱交換器１４、四方弁８の順に冷媒が流れるように接続した冷凍サイクルと、圧縮機６で発生した熱を蓄積する蓄熱材３６および内部に流れる冷媒を蓄熱材３６と熱交換させる蓄熱熱交換器３４を収容する蓄熱槽３２と、室内熱交換器１６と膨張弁１２との間と、四方弁８と圧縮機６の吸入口との間をバイパス接続するとともに、途中に蓄熱熱交換器３４が配置された第１バイパス流路３８、４０と、膨張弁１２と室外熱交換器１４との間と、圧縮機６の吐出口と四方弁８との間をバイパス接続する第２バイパス流路２８と、電流が流れるときに発熱するリアクタとを備える。また、第１バイパス流路３８、４０には、リアクタの排熱を蓄積して冷媒に伝える加熱器６１が設けられる。これにより、圧縮機６だけでなくリアクタの排熱を利用して除霜運転を実施することができるため、暖房運転中における除霜運転の時間を延ばして、効率的な除霜運転を行うことができる。すなわち、ユーザーの快適性を維持しつつ、より省エネな運転を実現することができる。 As described above, in the air conditioner of the present embodiment, during the heating operation, the refrigerant flows in the order of the compressor 6, the four-way valve 8, the indoor heat exchanger 16, the expansion valve 12, the outdoor heat exchanger 14, and the four-way valve 8. The refrigerating cycle connected so as to flow, the heat storage material 36 that stores heat generated in the compressor 6, and the heat storage tank 32 that houses the heat storage heat exchanger 34 that exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing inside and the heat storage material 36, and the indoor heat First bypass passages 38 and 40 in which bypass connection is made between the exchanger 16 and the expansion valve 12, and between the four-way valve 8 and the suction port of the compressor 6, and the heat storage heat exchanger 34 is disposed in the middle. A second bypass flow path 28 that bypass-connects between the expansion valve 12 and the outdoor heat exchanger 14, the discharge port of the compressor 6 and the four-way valve 8, and a reactor that generates heat when current flows. Is provided. In addition, the first bypass passages 38 and 40 are provided with a heater 61 that accumulates the exhaust heat of the reactor and transmits it to the refrigerant. Thereby, since the defrosting operation can be performed using the exhaust heat of the reactor as well as the compressor 6, the time for the defrosting operation during the heating operation is extended and the efficient defrosting operation is performed. Can do. That is, it is possible to realize more energy-saving operation while maintaining user comfort.
また、本実施の形態の空気調和機は、蓄熱槽３２の温度を検出する蓄熱槽温度検出手段５０をさらに備え、第１バイパス流路３８、４０内には、蓄熱熱交換器３４と圧縮機６の吸入口側との間をバイパス接続する第３バイパス流路６０が設けられており、第３バイパス流路６０には、加熱器６１と、冷媒の流路を開閉する第３バイパス流路用二方弁６２とが設けられており、蓄熱槽温度検出手段５０が検出した温度が所定の温度よりも低い場合には、第３バイパス流路用二方弁６２を開いて第３バイパス流路６０に冷媒を流すようにしている。これにより、リアクタの排熱を適切なタイミングで利用しながら除霜運転を実施することができるため、より効率的な除霜運転を実施することができる。 The air conditioner of the present embodiment further includes a heat storage tank temperature detecting means 50 that detects the temperature of the heat storage tank 32, and the heat storage heat exchanger 34 and the compressor are provided in the first bypass passages 38 and 40. 6 is provided with a third bypass flow path 60 that bypass-connects to the suction side of the heater 6. The third bypass flow path 60 includes a heater 61 and a third bypass flow path that opens and closes the refrigerant flow path. When the temperature detected by the heat storage tank temperature detecting means 50 is lower than a predetermined temperature, the third bypass flow two-way valve 62 is opened and the third bypass flow is provided. A refrigerant is caused to flow through the path 60. Thereby, since the defrosting operation can be performed while using the exhaust heat of the reactor at an appropriate timing, a more efficient defrosting operation can be performed.
　なお、上記様々な実施の形態のうちの任意の実施の形態を適宜組み合わせることにより、それぞれの有する効果を奏するようにすることができる。 It should be noted that, by appropriately combining arbitrary embodiments of the above-described various embodiments, the effects possessed by them can be produced.
　本発明は、添付図面を参照しながら好ましい実施の形態に関連して充分に記載されているが、この技術の熟練した人々にとっては種々の変形や修正は明白である。そのような変形や修正は、添付した請求の範囲による本発明の範囲から外れない限りにおいて、その中に含まれると理解されるべきである。 Although the present invention has been fully described in connection with preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, various changes and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications are to be understood as being included therein, so long as they do not depart from the scope of the present invention according to the appended claims.
　本発明に係る空気調和機は、蓄熱装置内の有限の蓄熱量を用いて効率的な除霜運転を行うことができるので、冬季に着霜のおそれがある他の冷凍サイクル装置などにも利用することができる。 Since the air conditioner according to the present invention can perform an efficient defrosting operation using a finite amount of heat stored in the heat storage device, the air conditioner can also be used for other refrigeration cycle devices that may form frost in winter. can do.

Claims (2)

  1. 暖房運転時に、圧縮機、四方弁、室内熱交換器、膨張弁、室外熱交換器、前記四方弁の順に冷媒が流れるように接続した冷凍サイクルと、
    前記圧縮機で発生した熱を蓄積する蓄熱材および内部に流れる冷媒を前記蓄熱材と熱交換させる蓄熱熱交換器を収容する蓄熱槽と、
    前記室内熱交換器と前記膨張弁との間と、前記四方弁と前記圧縮機の吸入口との間をバイパス接続するとともに、途中に前記蓄熱熱交換器が配置された第１バイパス流路と、
    前記膨張弁と前記室外熱交換器との間と、前記圧縮機の吐出口と前記四方弁との間をバイパス接続する第２バイパス流路と、
    電流が流れるときに発熱するリアクタとを備え、
    前記第１バイパス流路には、前記リアクタの排熱を蓄積して冷媒に伝える加熱器が設けられることを特徴とする空気調和機。     Refrigeration cycle connected so that the refrigerant flows in the order of the compressor, four-way valve, indoor heat exchanger, expansion valve, outdoor heat exchanger, and the four-way valve during heating operation,
    A heat storage tank that houses a heat storage material that stores heat generated by the compressor and a heat storage heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing in the compressor and the heat storage material;
    A first bypass flow path that bypasses between the indoor heat exchanger and the expansion valve, and between the four-way valve and the suction port of the compressor, and in which the heat storage heat exchanger is disposed in the middle ,
    A second bypass flow path that bypass-connects between the expansion valve and the outdoor heat exchanger, and between a discharge port of the compressor and the four-way valve;
    A reactor that generates heat when current flows,
    The air conditioner characterized in that a heater for accumulating the exhaust heat of the reactor and transmitting it to the refrigerant is provided in the first bypass flow path.
  2. 前記蓄熱槽の温度を検出する蓄熱槽温度検出手段をさらに備え、
    前記第１バイパス流路内には、前記蓄熱熱交換器と前記圧縮機の吸入口側との間をバイパス接続する第３バイパス流路が設けられており、
    前記第３バイパス流路には、前記加熱器と、冷媒の流路を開閉する第３バイパス流路用二方弁とが設けられており、
    前記蓄熱槽温度検出手段が検出した温度が所定の温度よりも低い場合には、前記第３バイパス流路用二方弁を開いて前記第３バイパス流路に冷媒を流すことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の空気調和機。     It further comprises heat storage tank temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the heat storage tank,
    In the first bypass flow path, a third bypass flow path for bypass connection between the heat storage heat exchanger and the suction side of the compressor is provided,
    The third bypass flow path is provided with the heater and a third bypass flow path two-way valve that opens and closes the refrigerant flow path.
    When the temperature detected by the heat storage tank temperature detecting means is lower than a predetermined temperature, the third bypass flow path two-way valve is opened to allow the refrigerant to flow through the third bypass flow path. Item 2. The air conditioner according to Item 1.
PCT/JP2012/007833 2011-12-12 2012-12-06 Air conditioner WO2013088684A1 (en)

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US20230194143A1 (en) * 2021-12-17 2023-06-22 Trane International Inc. Thermal Storage Device for Climate Control System

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CN105928062B (en) * 2016-04-29 2018-10-23 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 The control method of air conditioner indoor unit, air-conditioner set and air-conditioner set
CN106765983A (en) * 2017-01-10 2017-05-31 美的集团武汉制冷设备有限公司 Defrosting control method, defrosting control system and air-conditioner
CN110243101A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-09-17 中原工学院 A kind of accumulating type high-efficiency air cooling heat pump unit
CN114812024B (en) * 2022-05-06 2023-11-07 青岛海信日立空调***有限公司 Air conditioner and defrosting method thereof

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US20230194143A1 (en) * 2021-12-17 2023-06-22 Trane International Inc. Thermal Storage Device for Climate Control System
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CN103998877A (en) 2014-08-20
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JP5445570B2 (en) 2014-03-19

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