WO2013061610A1 - Power supplying apparatus, power receiving apparatus, and non-contact charging apparatus - Google Patents

Power supplying apparatus, power receiving apparatus, and non-contact charging apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013061610A1
WO2013061610A1 PCT/JP2012/006913 JP2012006913W WO2013061610A1 WO 2013061610 A1 WO2013061610 A1 WO 2013061610A1 JP 2012006913 W JP2012006913 W JP 2012006913W WO 2013061610 A1 WO2013061610 A1 WO 2013061610A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
electric field
coil
field shield
primary
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2012/006913
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
秀樹 定方
藤田　篤志
大森　義治
宮下　功寛
Original Assignee
パナソニック株式会社
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Publication of WO2013061610A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013061610A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60M7/00—Power lines or rails specially adapted for electrically-propelled vehicles of special types, e.g. suspension tramway, ropeway, underground railway
    • B60M7/003—Power lines or rails specially adapted for electrically-propelled vehicles of special types, e.g. suspension tramway, ropeway, underground railway for vehicles using stored power (e.g. charging stations)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/122—Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/36—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/38—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/70—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
    • B60L2270/14—Emission reduction of noise
    • B60L2270/147—Emission reduction of noise electro magnetic [EMI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power feeding device and a power receiving device that transmit power in a contactless manner, and a non-contact charging device that charges a battery with the power transmitted from the power feeding device to the power receiving device.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a conventional non-contact charging device 106 (for example, Patent Document 1).
  • the power feeding device (primary side) F connected to the ground-side power source 109 is physically connected to the power receiving device (secondary side) G mounted on the electric propulsion vehicle at the time of power feeding. It is arrange
  • an alternating current is applied to the primary coil 107 provided in the power feeding device F to form a magnetic flux
  • an induced electromotive force is generated in the secondary coil 108 provided in the power receiving device G, and thereby the primary coil ( Electric power is transmitted from the power transmission coil) 107 to the secondary coil (power reception coil) 108 without contact.
  • the power receiving device G is connected to the in-vehicle battery 110, for example, and the power transmitted to the power receiving device G is charged in the in-vehicle battery 110.
  • the in-vehicle motor 111 is driven by the electric power stored in the in-vehicle battery 110. Note that, during the non-contact power feeding, necessary information exchange is performed between the power feeding device F and the power receiving device G, for example, by the wireless communication device 112.
  • FIGS. 13A and 13B are schematic views showing the internal structures of the power feeding device F and the power receiving device G.
  • FIG. 13A is a schematic diagram illustrating an internal structure when the power feeding device F is viewed from above and the power receiving device G is viewed from below.
  • FIG. 13B is a schematic diagram illustrating an internal structure when the power feeding device F and the power receiving device G are viewed from the side.
  • the power feeding device F includes a primary coil 107, a primary magnetic core 113, a back plate 115, a cover 116, and the like.
  • the power receiving device G has a symmetric structure with the power feeding device F, and includes a secondary coil 108, a secondary magnetic core 114, a back plate 115, a cover 116, and the like.
  • the surfaces of the primary coil 107 and the primary magnetic core 113 and the surfaces of the secondary coil 108 and the secondary magnetic core 114 are fixedly covered with a mold resin 117 mixed with a foam material 118, respectively.
  • the mold resin 117 is filled between the back plate 115 and the cover 116 so that the primary coil 107 and the primary magnetic core 113 inside, and the secondary coil 108 and the secondary magnetic core are contained. 114 are respectively covered and fixed.
  • the mold resin 117 is made of, for example, silicon resin, and by fixing the interior in this manner, the primary and secondary coils 107 and 108 are positioned and fixed, and the mechanical strength is ensured and the heat dissipation function is also exhibited. That is, the primary and secondary coils 107 and 108 generate heat due to Joule heat generated by the exciting current, but are radiated and cooled by the heat conduction of the mold resin 117.
  • Patent Document 2 describes a power feeding device in which load resistance is improved by forming a back plate 115 and a cover 116 with resin concrete.
  • Resin concrete is strong in compressive strength, but is brittle in terms of bending and tensile strength. When vibration is applied, there is a problem that the back plate 115 and the cover 116 made of resin concrete are broken.
  • a metal such as iron is a material that has high tensile strength and excellent workability, and thus has a high load resistance and is suitable for mass production.
  • the back plate 115 or the like is made of metal, the metal back plate 115 or the like is inevitably disposed near the primary coil because of the structure of the power feeding device.
  • a high-frequency AC voltage is applied to the primary coil, a voltage due to electrostatic induction is induced on the back plate 115 or the like, and there is a risk of electric shock if a person touches the back plate 115 or the like exposed to the outside.
  • a leakage current flows through the stray capacitance between the primary coil and the back plate 115, there is a problem that radiation noise is generated.
  • the power receiving device G since the power receiving device G is also mounted on the vehicle body, vibration during traveling is applied to the power receiving device G, so that strength to withstand such vibration is required.
  • the back plate 115 is made of metal in order to improve the strength of the back plate 115 or the connecting portion between the back plate 115 and the vehicle body, the same problem as that of the power feeding device F described above occurs.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and its main object is to provide a metal by electrostatic induction even when a metal object is disposed in the vicinity of a primary coil (power transmission coil) or a secondary coil (power reception coil).
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a power feeding device, a power receiving device, and a non-contact charging device that suppress the induction of a voltage to an object and the generation of a leakage current via a stray capacitance.
  • a power supply apparatus is a power supply apparatus that supplies power to a power receiving apparatus in a contactless manner, and includes a power conversion circuit that generates a high-frequency alternating current from a commercial power supply, and a power conversion circuit And a primary coil to which the high-frequency alternating current generated in step 1 is applied, and an electric field shield made of a conductor is disposed at a position overlapping at least a part of the primary coil in plan view. Is connected to a stable potential in the power conversion circuit.
  • the power receiving device is a power receiving device to which electric power is supplied from the power feeding device in a non-contact manner, a secondary coil that generates electromotive force by a magnetic flux generated in the primary coil of the power feeding device, and a secondary coil
  • a secondary side rectifier circuit for rectifying the electromotive force generated in the electric field, and an electric field shield made of a conductor is disposed at a position overlapping at least a part of the secondary coil in a plan view. It is connected to the output terminal of the secondary side rectifier circuit via a connecting means.
  • the non-contact charging device is a non-contact charging device that charges a battery with electric power supplied from the power feeding device to the power receiving device in a non-contact manner
  • the power feeding device is a primary side rectifier that rectifies a commercial power source.
  • Circuit an inverter circuit that is connected to the output terminal of the primary side rectifier circuit and generates a high-frequency alternating current, and a primary coil to which the high-frequency alternating current generated by the inverter circuit is applied.
  • An electric field shield made of a conductor is disposed at a position overlapping with at least a part of the primary coil or the secondary coil in a plan view. Via connection means, connected to the primary side rectifying circuit or the secondary side output terminal of the rectifier circuit.
  • the primary coil power transmission coil
  • a non-contact charging device that charges a battery with power transmitted from the power feeding device to the power receiving device
  • the primary coil power transmission coil
  • a non-contact charging device that charges a battery with power transmitted from the power feeding device to the power receiving device
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a flow of leakage current in the power feeding device illustrated in FIG. 4. It is the schematic diagram which showed the structure of the conventional non-contact charging device. It is the schematic diagram which showed the internal structure of the conventional electric power feeding apparatus and an electric power receiving apparatus, (a) is the figure seen from the upper direction of an electric power feeding apparatus or the lower part of an electric power receiving apparatus, (b) is a side view of an electric power feeding apparatus and an electric power receiving apparatus.
  • One embodiment of the present invention is a power supply device that supplies power to a power receiving device in a contactless manner, and includes a power conversion circuit that generates a high-frequency alternating current from a commercial power source, and a high-frequency alternating current generated by the power conversion circuit.
  • An electric field shield made of a conductor is disposed at a position overlapping with at least a part of the primary coil in plan view, and the electric field shield is connected to the power conversion circuit via the primary side connection means. Connected to a stable potential.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention is a power receiving device to which electric power is supplied from a power feeding device in a non-contact manner, a secondary coil that generates electromotive force by a magnetic flux generated in a primary coil of the power feeding device, and a secondary coil
  • a secondary side rectifier circuit for rectifying the electromotive force generated in the coil, and an electric field shield made of a conductor is disposed at a position overlapping at least a part of the secondary coil in plan view. It is connected to the output terminal of the secondary side rectifier circuit via the side connection means.
  • another embodiment of the present invention is a non-contact charging device for charging a battery with electric power supplied from a power feeding device to a power receiving device in a non-contact manner, wherein the power feeding device rectifies a commercial power source. And an inverter circuit that is connected to the output end of the primary side rectifier circuit and generates a high-frequency alternating current; and a primary coil to which the high-frequency alternating current generated by the inverter circuit is applied, and the power receiving device is a primary power supply device A secondary coil that generates an electromotive force by magnetic flux generated in the coil, and a secondary side rectifier circuit that rectifies the electromotive force generated in the secondary coil and outputs the rectified voltage to the battery, at least in one of the power feeding device and the power receiving device
  • the electric field shield made of a conductor is disposed at a position overlapping with at least a part of the primary coil or the secondary coil in a plan view. Via a step and is connected to the primary side rectifying circuit or the secondary side output terminal of the
  • the leakage current flowing in the stray capacitance between the primary and secondary coils and the metal object can be reduced, and radiation noise can be suppressed.
  • the electric field shield is preferably made of a low resistivity material such as non-magnetic stainless steel, aluminum or copper.
  • a substance having a low resistivity even if the magnetic flux generated from the primary coil and the electric field shield are magnetically coupled and the electric field shield is induction-heated, the amount of generated heat can be suppressed. Thereby, the temperature rise of an electric power feeder can be prevented.
  • the electric field shield itself can be prevented from rising in temperature by cutting the path through which the induction current flows.
  • the temperature of the electric field shield is less than or equal to the penetration depth of the induction current determined by the frequency of the high-frequency current flowing in the primary coil and secondary coil and the metal material of the electric field shield, thereby preventing temperature rise due to induction heating. can do.
  • the electric field shield is connected to a stable potential of the power conversion circuit or the secondary side rectifier circuit through connection means having a predetermined impedance.
  • This impedance is the impedance of the line connecting the electric field shield and the stable potential of the circuit, and since it is very small, the electric field shield itself can be the stable potential of the connected power conversion circuit or secondary side rectifier circuit. .
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a non-contact charging apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2 and 3 are external views of the non-contact charging device 1 in a state where the vehicle is installed in the parking space, FIG. 2 is an external view seen from the side of the vehicle, and FIG. 3 is a view seen from the rear of the vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a non-contact charging apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2 and 3 are external views of the non-contact charging device 1 in a state where the vehicle is installed in the parking space
  • FIG. 2 is an external view seen from the side of the vehicle
  • FIG. 3 is a view seen from the rear of the vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a non-contact charging apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2 and 3 are external views of the non-contact charging device 1 in a state where the vehicle is installed in the parking space
  • FIG. 2 is an external
  • the non-contact charging device 1 is composed of, for example, a power feeding device 2 installed in a parking space and a power receiving device 4 mounted on an electric propulsion vehicle.
  • the power feeding device 2 includes a power conversion circuit 17 including a primary side rectifier circuit 8 and an inverter circuit 10 connected to a commercial power source 6, a control unit (for example, a microcomputer) 16, a primary coil 18, and an electric field shield 14.
  • the ground side coil unit 12 and the primary side connection means 25 which connect the electric field shield 14 to the output terminal of a primary side rectifier circuit are provided.
  • the power receiving device 4 includes a vehicle side coil unit 21 including a secondary coil 19 and an electric field shield 20, a secondary side rectifier circuit 22, a battery 23, a control unit (for example, a microcomputer) 24, and an electric field shield 20. Is connected to the secondary side rectifier circuit 22.
  • the commercial power source 6 is a 200 V low-frequency AC power source, connected to the input end of the primary side rectifier circuit 8, and the output end of the primary side rectifier circuit 8 is connected to the input end of the inverter circuit 10.
  • the output terminal of the inverter circuit 10 is connected to the primary coil 18 of the ground side coil unit 12.
  • the output end of the vehicle side coil unit 21 is connected to the input end of the secondary side rectifier circuit 22, and the output end of the secondary side rectifier circuit 22 is connected to the battery 23.
  • the electric field shields 14 and 20 are respectively connected to the output ends (either the high potential side or the low potential side) of the primary side and secondary side rectifier circuits 8 and 22.
  • the primary and secondary side connection means 25 and 26 are connected.
  • the ground side coil unit 12 is laid on the ground, and the power conversion circuit 17 is erected at a position separated from the ground side coil unit 12 by a predetermined distance, for example.
  • the vehicle side coil unit 21 is attached to, for example, the bottom of the vehicle body (for example, a chassis).
  • the control unit 16 of the power feeding device 2 performs wireless communication with the control unit 24 of the power receiving device 4, and the control unit 24 of the power receiving device 4 determines the power command value according to the detected remaining voltage of the battery 23.
  • the power command value is transmitted to the control unit 16 of the power feeding device 2.
  • the control unit 16 of the power supply apparatus 2 compares the supplied power detected by the ground side coil unit 12 with the received power command value, and drives the inverter circuit 10 so that the power command value is obtained.
  • control unit 24 of the power receiving device 4 detects the received power and changes the power command value to the control unit 16 of the power feeding device 2 so that the battery 23 is not overcurrent or overvoltage.
  • the vehicle side coil unit 21 is disposed to face the ground side coil unit 12 by appropriately moving the vehicle.
  • the control unit 16 of the power feeding device 2 drives and controls the inverter circuit 10 to form a high frequency electromagnetic field between the ground side coil unit 12 and the vehicle side coil unit 21.
  • the power receiving device 4 takes out electric power from the high frequency electromagnetic field and charges the battery 23 with the taken out electric power.
  • the primary coil 18 and / or the secondary coil are connected by connecting the electric field shields 14 and 20 disposed in the vicinity of the 18 and / or the secondary coil 19 to the stable potential of the circuit in the power feeding device 2 and / or the power receiving device 4. Even when a metal object is arranged in the vicinity of 19, it is possible to suppress the induction of voltage on the metal object due to electrostatic induction and the generation of leakage current via the stray capacitance.
  • the size and location of the electric field shields 14 and 20 disposed in the vicinity of the primary coil 18 and / or the secondary coil 19 are not particularly limited, and the above-described values are determined depending on the magnitude of the output magnetic field of the primary coil 18 and the like. What is necessary is just to set suitably in the range with which the shielding effect is exhibited.
  • the electric field shields 14 and 20 made of a conductor are disposed at a position overlapping at least a part of the primary coil 18 and / or the secondary coil 19 in plan view. preferable.
  • the electric field shields 14 and 20 are preferably incorporated in the ground side and vehicle side coil units 12 and 21 together with the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19. As a result, even if induced voltages from the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19 are generated in the electric field shields 14 and 20, they are not exposed to the outside, so that a person accidentally touches the electric field shields 14 and 20 to get an electric shock. Can be prevented.
  • the electric field shields 14 and 20 are connected to the stable potential of the circuit in the power feeding device 2 or the power receiving device 4 via the low impedance connection means 25 and 26, whereby the electric field shields 14 and 20 are connected. This is equivalent to connecting to the ground, and the shielding effect by the electric field shields 14 and 20 can be realized.
  • part of the stable potential which connects the electric field shields 14 and 20 will not be restrict
  • the rectifier circuits 8 and 22 The output terminal (either the high potential side or the low potential side) can be a stable potential portion.
  • the capacitors C1 and C2 connected in series may be connected to the output end of the inverter circuit 10, that is, both ends of the primary coil 18, and the middle point of the capacitors C1 and C2 may be a stable potential portion. In this case, since the middle point of the capacitors C1 and C2 is the same as the potential of the output terminals of the rectifier circuits 8 and 22, the same shielding effect can be obtained.
  • the electric field shields 14 and 20 are connected to a stable potential via the primary side and secondary side connection means 25 and 26, and at this time, the primary side and secondary side connection means 25 and 26 are connected to the primary side and secondary side connection means 25 and 26.
  • Leakage current flows. Therefore, in order to suppress radiation noise due to leakage current, it is preferable to configure the primary side and secondary side connection means 25 and 26 with shield wires in which the periphery of the cable is covered with a metal such as copper foil.
  • the ground side coil unit 12 shown in FIG. 4 includes a primary coil 18, a metal back plate 27, and a cover 28 that covers the upper and side surfaces of the ground side coil unit 12.
  • the electric field shield 14 is disposed so as to cover the primary coil 18.
  • the periphery of the primary coil 18 that generates a high-frequency high voltage is covered with the electric field shield 14 connected to a stable potential (for example, the output end of the primary-side rectifier circuit 8) via the primary-side connection means 25. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the generation of an induced voltage due to electrostatic induction on the metal back plate 27, and thus it is possible to prevent a person from touching the back plate 27 exposed to the outside and receiving an electric shock. Since the primary coil 18 and the electric field shield 14 are built in the back plate 27 and the cover 28 attached to the back plate 27, a person does not touch the electric field shield 14 to get an electric shock.
  • the configuration of the ground side coil unit 12 is not particularly limited as long as the primary coil 18 and the electric field shield 14 are incorporated.
  • the back plate 27 and the cover 28 may be integrally formed, or may be made of the same metal material.
  • the primary side rectifier circuit 8, the inverter circuit 10, etc. may be further incorporated.
  • the electric field shield 14 is provided only between the primary coil 18 and the metal back plate 27. May be arranged.
  • the electric field shield 14 may be disposed only between the side surface of the primary coil 18 and between the primary coil 18 and the metal back plate 27.
  • the ground side coil unit 12 can be connected to the outdoor ground (on the ground as shown in FIG. 2).
  • the metal back plate 27 is at ground (earth) potential, but as shown in FIG. 11, the leakage current flowing in the stray capacitance between the primary coil 18 and the ground i0 decreases, and the generated radiation noise can be suppressed. Also, malfunction of the earth leakage breaker can be suppressed.
  • An electric field shield 14 may be disposed.
  • disposing the electric field shield 14 in the vicinity of the primary coil 18 not only improves the safety against electric shock and the like, but also flows to the stray capacitance between the primary coil 18 and the metal back plate 27. Leakage current can be reduced and radiation noise can be suppressed. Further, even when the back plate 27 is not made of metal, the leakage current flowing in the stray capacitance between the primary coil 18 and the metal object approaching the primary coil 18 can be reduced, and radiation noise can be suppressed.
  • vehicle-side coil unit 21 can adopt the same configuration as the configuration of the ground-side coil unit 12, but the shape and arrangement of the electric field shield 14 of the ground-side coil unit 12 and the electric field shield 20 of the vehicle-side coil unit 21, etc. May be different from each other.
  • the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19 are used.
  • a high-frequency current flows through the eddy current, an eddy current is induced in the electric field shields 14 and 20 by electromagnetic induction, and induction heating is performed.
  • the electric field shields 14 and 20 are provided with discontinuous portions (cuts) that block the path through which the induced current flows. As a result, the temperature rise of the electric field shields 14 and 20 themselves can be suppressed. In addition, what is necessary is just to determine suitably the shape, number, etc. of a discontinuous part according to the magnitude
  • the electric field shields 14 and 20 may be arranged between the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19 when the power feeding device 2 and the power receiving device 4 are arranged to face each other. As described above, if the generation of eddy current due to electromagnetic induction is suppressed to such an extent that the electric field shielding effect of the electric field shields 14 and 20 is not impaired, the loss of magnetic flux transmitted from the primary coil 18 to the secondary coil 19 is reduced. can do. Thereby, the loss of the electric power supplied in a non-contact manner from the power feeding device 2 to the power receiving device 4 can be minimized.
  • the shapes of the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19 are shapes as shown in FIG. 10, the inner side than the inner peripheral part of the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19 and the outer side of the outer peripheral part are magnetic fluxes. Since the amount is large, the electric field shields 14 and 20 are easily induction-heated. Therefore, when the electric field shields 14 and 20 are shaped as shown in FIG. 4, the electric field shields 14 and 20 have an inner diameter equal to or larger than the inner diameters of the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19 as shown in FIG. It is preferable that the outer shapes of 14 and 20 be equal to or smaller than the outer shapes of the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19. Thereby, the temperature rise of the electric field shields 14 and 20 themselves can be suppressed.
  • the electric field shields 14 and 20 are arranged in both the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19, but they may be arranged only in either one.
  • the electric power generated in the secondary coil 19 is used for charging the battery 23, but may be supplied to a load other than the battery 23.
  • the electric field shields 14 and 20 are connected to the output terminals of the primary side and secondary side rectifier circuits 8 and 22 through the primary side and secondary side connection means 25 and 26. Of course, they are connected to the ground potential. May be. However, when the back plate 27 of the power feeding device 2 is made of metal and is grounded to the ground, when the electric field shields 14 and 20 are connected to the back plate 27, a leakage current flows to the back plate 27. If the back plate 27 exposed to the outside is inadvertently touched, there is a risk of electric shock, which is not preferable.
  • the present invention is useful for a power feeding device and a power receiving device that transmit power in a non-contact manner, and a non-contact charging device that charges a battery with the power transmitted from the power feeding device to the power receiving device.

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Abstract

A power supplying apparatus (2), which supplies power in non-contact manner to a power receiving apparatus (4) is provided with a power conversion circuit (17), which generates a high-frequency alternating current from a current supplied from a commercial power supply (6), and a coil (18), to which the high-frequency alternating current generated in the power conversion circuit (17) is applied. At a position overlapping at least a part of the coil (18) in planar view, an electric field shield (14) composed of a conductor is disposed, and the electric field shield (14) is connected to a portion having stable potential in the power conversion circuit (17) via a connecting means (25).

Description

給電装置、受電装置、及び非接触充電装置Power feeding device, power receiving device, and non-contact charging device
　本発明は、非接触で電力の伝達を行う給電装置及び受電装置、並びに給電装置から受電装置に伝達された電力でバッテリーを充電する非接触充電装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a power feeding device and a power receiving device that transmit power in a contactless manner, and a non-contact charging device that charges a battery with the power transmitted from the power feeding device to the power receiving device.
　図１２は、従来の非接触充電装置１０６の構成を示す模式図である（例えば、特許文献１等）。図１２に示すように、地上側の電源１０９に接続された給電装置（一次側）Ｆは、電気推進車両に搭載された受電装置（二次側）Ｇに対し、給電時において、物理的接続なしにエアギャップを介して対峙するよう配置される。このような配置状態で、給電装置Ｆに備わる一次コイル１０７に交流電流を与えて磁束が形成されると、受電装置Ｇに備わる二次コイル１０８に誘導起電力が生じ、これによって、一次コイル（送電コイル）１０７から二次コイル（受電コイル）１０８へ電力が非接触で伝達される。 FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a conventional non-contact charging device 106 (for example, Patent Document 1). As shown in FIG. 12, the power feeding device (primary side) F connected to the ground-side power source 109 is physically connected to the power receiving device (secondary side) G mounted on the electric propulsion vehicle at the time of power feeding. It is arrange | positioned so that it may oppose through an air gap without. In this arrangement state, when an alternating current is applied to the primary coil 107 provided in the power feeding device F to form a magnetic flux, an induced electromotive force is generated in the secondary coil 108 provided in the power receiving device G, and thereby the primary coil ( Electric power is transmitted from the power transmission coil) 107 to the secondary coil (power reception coil) 108 without contact.
　受電装置Ｇは、例えば車載バッテリー１１０に接続され、受電装置Ｇに伝達された電力が車載バッテリー１１０に充電される。この車載バッテリー１１０に蓄積された電力により車載モータ１１１が駆動される。なお、非接触給電の間、給電装置Ｆと受電装置Ｇとの間では、例えば無線通信装置１１２により必要な情報交換が行われる。 The power receiving device G is connected to the in-vehicle battery 110, for example, and the power transmitted to the power receiving device G is charged in the in-vehicle battery 110. The in-vehicle motor 111 is driven by the electric power stored in the in-vehicle battery 110. Note that, during the non-contact power feeding, necessary information exchange is performed between the power feeding device F and the power receiving device G, for example, by the wireless communication device 112.
　図１３（ａ）、（ｂ）は、給電装置Ｆ及び受電装置Ｇの内部構造を示す模式図である。ここで、図１３（ａ）は、給電装置Ｆを上方から、また、受電装置Ｇを下方から見たときの内部構造を示す模式図である。図１３（ｂ）は、給電装置Ｆ及び受電装置Ｇを側方から見たときの内部構造を示す模式図である。 FIGS. 13A and 13B are schematic views showing the internal structures of the power feeding device F and the power receiving device G. FIG. Here, FIG. 13A is a schematic diagram illustrating an internal structure when the power feeding device F is viewed from above and the power receiving device G is viewed from below. FIG. 13B is a schematic diagram illustrating an internal structure when the power feeding device F and the power receiving device G are viewed from the side.
　図１３（ａ）において、給電装置Ｆは、一次コイル１０７、一次磁心コア１１３、背板１１５、及びカバー１１６等を備える。受電装置Ｇは、給電装置Ｆと対称的な構造を有しており、二次コイル１０８、二次磁心コア１１４、背板１１５、カバー１１６等を備える。一次コイル１０７と一次磁心コア１１３の表面、及び二次コイル１０８と二次磁心コア１１４の表面は、それぞれ、発泡材１１８が混入されたモールド樹脂１１７で被覆固定されている。 13A, the power feeding device F includes a primary coil 107, a primary magnetic core 113, a back plate 115, a cover 116, and the like. The power receiving device G has a symmetric structure with the power feeding device F, and includes a secondary coil 108, a secondary magnetic core 114, a back plate 115, a cover 116, and the like. The surfaces of the primary coil 107 and the primary magnetic core 113 and the surfaces of the secondary coil 108 and the secondary magnetic core 114 are fixedly covered with a mold resin 117 mixed with a foam material 118, respectively.
　すなわち、給電装置Ｆ及び受電装置Ｇは、背板１１５とカバー１１６との間にモールド樹脂１１７が充填されて、内部の一次コイル１０７及び一次磁心コア１１３、並びに二次コイル１０８及び二次磁心コア１１４が、それぞれ被覆固定されている。モールド樹脂１１７は、例えばシリコン樹脂製よりなり、このように内部を固めることにより、一次，二次コイル１０７，１０８を位置決め固定し、その機械的強度を確保すると共に、放熱機能も発揮する。すなわち、一次，二次コイル１０７，１０８は、励磁電流によるジュール熱で発熱するが、モールド樹脂１１７の熱伝導により放熱され、冷却される。 That is, in the power feeding device F and the power receiving device G, the mold resin 117 is filled between the back plate 115 and the cover 116 so that the primary coil 107 and the primary magnetic core 113 inside, and the secondary coil 108 and the secondary magnetic core are contained. 114 are respectively covered and fixed. The mold resin 117 is made of, for example, silicon resin, and by fixing the interior in this manner, the primary and secondary coils 107 and 108 are positioned and fixed, and the mechanical strength is ensured and the heat dissipation function is also exhibited. That is, the primary and secondary coils 107 and 108 generate heat due to Joule heat generated by the exciting current, but are radiated and cooled by the heat conduction of the mold resin 117.
　ところで、給電装置Ｆは受電装置Ｇが搭載された車両下方に配置されるため、車載バッテリー１００に充電する際、車両が給電装置Ｆに乗り上げる可能性がある。そのため、給電装置Ｆは、このような荷重に耐える強度が要求される。特許文献２には、背板１１５とカバー１１６を、レジンコンクリートで構成することによって、耐荷重性を向上させた給電装置が記載されている。 Incidentally, since the power feeding device F is disposed below the vehicle on which the power receiving device G is mounted, there is a possibility that the vehicle will ride on the power feeding device F when charging the in-vehicle battery 100. Therefore, the power supply device F is required to have a strength that can withstand such a load. Patent Document 2 describes a power feeding device in which load resistance is improved by forming a back plate 115 and a cover 116 with resin concrete.
特開２００８－８７７３３号公報JP 2008-87733 A 特開２０１２－８９６１８号公報JP 2012-89618 A
　レジンコンクリートは、圧縮強度は強いが、曲げや引張強度の面で脆く、振動等が加わると、レジンコンクリートで構成された背板１１５やカバー１１６が割れてしまう等の問題がある。 Resin concrete is strong in compressive strength, but is brittle in terms of bending and tensile strength. When vibration is applied, there is a problem that the back plate 115 and the cover 116 made of resin concrete are broken.
　一方、鉄等の金属は、引張強度が強い上に、加工性に優れているため、耐荷重性が強く、かつ量産に適した材料であるが、背板１１５及び／又はカバー１１６（以下、背板１１５等という）を金属で構成した場合、給電装置の構造上、必然的に、一次コイルの近傍に、金属である背板１１５等が配置されることになる。その結果、一次コイルに高周波交流電圧が印加されると、背板１１５等に静電誘導による電圧が誘起されるため、人が外部に露出した背板１１５等に触れると、感電するおそれがある。また、一次コイルと背板１１５等との間の浮遊容量に漏洩電流が流れるため、放射ノイズが発生するという問題も生じる。 On the other hand, a metal such as iron is a material that has high tensile strength and excellent workability, and thus has a high load resistance and is suitable for mass production. When the back plate 115 or the like is made of metal, the metal back plate 115 or the like is inevitably disposed near the primary coil because of the structure of the power feeding device. As a result, when a high-frequency AC voltage is applied to the primary coil, a voltage due to electrostatic induction is induced on the back plate 115 or the like, and there is a risk of electric shock if a person touches the back plate 115 or the like exposed to the outside. . In addition, since a leakage current flows through the stray capacitance between the primary coil and the back plate 115, there is a problem that radiation noise is generated.
　特に、図１２に示すように、給電装置Ｆの背板１１５が大地に接触するように設置された場合、一次コイルと背板間１１５との間の浮遊容量に流れる漏洩電流２９が大きくなり、感電だけでなく、放射ノイズが増大する。これにより、漏電遮断機が誤動作するなどの問題も生じる。 In particular, as shown in FIG. 12, when the back plate 115 of the power feeding device F is installed so as to contact the ground, the leakage current 29 flowing in the stray capacitance between the primary coil and the back plate 115 becomes large, In addition to electric shock, radiation noise increases. Thereby, problems such as malfunction of the earth leakage breaker also arise.
　また、給電装置Ｆの背板１１５が大地に設置されない場合でも、背板１１５への漏洩電流による感電対策として、背板１１５を商用電源１０９のアースラインに接続した場合、漏洩電流がアースラインに流れることによって放射ノイズが増大する。 Even when the back plate 115 of the power feeding device F is not installed on the ground, as a countermeasure against electric shock due to the leakage current to the back plate 115, when the back plate 115 is connected to the ground line of the commercial power supply 109, the leakage current is connected to the ground line. Radiation noise increases by flowing.
　一方、受電装置Ｇにおいても、車体に搭載されるため、受電装置Ｇに走行中の振動が加わるため、このような振動に耐える強度が要求される。しかしながら、背板１１５や、背板１１５と車体との接続部の強度を向上させるために、背板１１５を金属で構成すると、上述した給電装置Ｆと同様の問題が生じる。 On the other hand, since the power receiving device G is also mounted on the vehicle body, vibration during traveling is applied to the power receiving device G, so that strength to withstand such vibration is required. However, if the back plate 115 is made of metal in order to improve the strength of the back plate 115 or the connecting portion between the back plate 115 and the vehicle body, the same problem as that of the power feeding device F described above occurs.
　さらに、給電装置Ｆから受電装置Ｇに電力を伝達中に、何らかの金属物が、不用意に、給電装置Ｆや受電装置Ｇに接近する場合も想定される。このような場合にも、一次コイルまたは二次コイルに接近した金属物に静電誘導による電圧が誘起されるため、人が、不用意に金属物に触れると、感電するおそれがある。また、一次コイルまたは二次コイルと金属物との間の浮遊容量に漏洩電流が流れるため、放射ノイズが発生するという問題も生じる。 Furthermore, it is assumed that some metal object inadvertently approaches the power feeding device F or the power receiving device G while power is being transmitted from the power feeding device F to the power receiving device G. Even in such a case, since a voltage due to electrostatic induction is induced in the metal object approaching the primary coil or the secondary coil, there is a risk of electric shock if a person inadvertently touches the metal object. In addition, since a leakage current flows through the stray capacitance between the primary coil or secondary coil and the metal object, there is a problem that radiation noise is generated.
　本発明は、かかる課題に鑑みなされたもので、その主な目的は、一次コイル（送電コイル）または二次コイル（受電コイル）の近傍に金属物体が配置された場合でも、静電誘導による金属物体への電圧の誘起、及び浮遊容量経由の漏洩電流の発生を抑制した給電装置、受電装置、及び非接触充電装置を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and its main object is to provide a metal by electrostatic induction even when a metal object is disposed in the vicinity of a primary coil (power transmission coil) or a secondary coil (power reception coil). An object of the present invention is to provide a power feeding device, a power receiving device, and a non-contact charging device that suppress the induction of a voltage to an object and the generation of a leakage current via a stray capacitance.
　上記目的を達成するために、本発明に係わる給電装置は、受電装置へ非接触で電力を供給する給電装置であって、商用電源から高周波交流電流を発生される電力変換回路と、電力変換回路で発生された高周波交流電流が印加される一次コイルとを備え、一次コイルの少なくとも一部と、平面視において重なる位置に、導電体からなる電界シールドが配置され、電界シールドは、一次側接続手段を介して、電力変換回路における安定電位に接続されている。 In order to achieve the above object, a power supply apparatus according to the present invention is a power supply apparatus that supplies power to a power receiving apparatus in a contactless manner, and includes a power conversion circuit that generates a high-frequency alternating current from a commercial power supply, and a power conversion circuit And a primary coil to which the high-frequency alternating current generated in step 1 is applied, and an electric field shield made of a conductor is disposed at a position overlapping at least a part of the primary coil in plan view. Is connected to a stable potential in the power conversion circuit.
　また、本発明に係る受電装置は、給電装置から非接触で電力を供給される受電装置であって、給電装置の一次コイルで発生した磁束によって起電力を発生する二次コイルと、二次コイルで発生した起電力を整流する二次側整流回路とを備え、二次コイルの少なくとも一部と、平面視において重なる位置に、導電体からなる電界シールドが配置され、電界シールドは、二次側接続手段を介して、二次側整流回路の出力端に接続されている。 The power receiving device according to the present invention is a power receiving device to which electric power is supplied from the power feeding device in a non-contact manner, a secondary coil that generates electromotive force by a magnetic flux generated in the primary coil of the power feeding device, and a secondary coil A secondary side rectifier circuit for rectifying the electromotive force generated in the electric field, and an electric field shield made of a conductor is disposed at a position overlapping at least a part of the secondary coil in a plan view. It is connected to the output terminal of the secondary side rectifier circuit via a connecting means.
　また、本発明に係る非接触充電装置は、給電装置から受電装置に非接触で供給された電力でバッテリーを充電する非接触充電装置であって、給電装置は、商用電源を整流する一次側整流回路と、一次側整流回路の出力端に接続され、高周波交流電流を発生させるインバータ回路と、インバータ回路で発生された高周波交流電流が印加される一次コイルとを備え、受電装置は、給電装置の一次コイルで発生した磁束によって起電力を発生する二次コイルと、二次コイルで発生した起電力を整流し、バッテリーに出力する二次側整流回路とを備え、少なくとも給電装置または受電装置の一方において、一次コイルまたは二次コイルの少なくとも一部と、平面視において重なる位置に、導電体からなる電界シールドが配置され、電界シールドは、接続手段を介して、一次側整流回路または二次側整流回路の出力端に接続されている。 The non-contact charging device according to the present invention is a non-contact charging device that charges a battery with electric power supplied from the power feeding device to the power receiving device in a non-contact manner, and the power feeding device is a primary side rectifier that rectifies a commercial power source. Circuit, an inverter circuit that is connected to the output terminal of the primary side rectifier circuit and generates a high-frequency alternating current, and a primary coil to which the high-frequency alternating current generated by the inverter circuit is applied. A secondary coil that generates an electromotive force by magnetic flux generated in the primary coil, and a secondary side rectifier circuit that rectifies the electromotive force generated in the secondary coil and outputs the rectified power to the battery, and at least one of the power feeding device or the power receiving device , An electric field shield made of a conductor is disposed at a position overlapping with at least a part of the primary coil or the secondary coil in a plan view. Via connection means, connected to the primary side rectifying circuit or the secondary side output terminal of the rectifier circuit.
　本発明によれば、非接触で電力の伝達を行う給電装置及び受電装置、並びに給電装置から受電装置に伝達された電力でバッテリーを充電する非接触充電装置において、一次コイル（送電コイル）及び／又は二次コイル（受電コイル）の近傍に配置した電界シールドを、給電装置及び／又は受電装置内の安定電位に接続することにより、一次コイルまたは二次コイルの近傍に金属物体が配置された場合でも、静電誘導による金属物体への電圧の誘起、及び浮遊容量経由の漏洩電流の発生を抑制することができる。 According to the present invention, in a power feeding device and a power receiving device that transmit power in a non-contact manner, and in a non-contact charging device that charges a battery with power transmitted from the power feeding device to the power receiving device, the primary coil (power transmission coil) and / or Or, when a metal object is placed near the primary coil or secondary coil by connecting an electric field shield placed near the secondary coil (power receiving coil) to a stable potential in the power feeding device and / or power receiving device. However, it is possible to suppress the induction of voltage on the metal object due to electrostatic induction and the generation of leakage current via stray capacitance.
本発明の一実施形態における非接触充電装置の構成を示したブロック図である。It is the block diagram which showed the structure of the non-contact charging device in one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態における非接触充電装置の車両側方から見た外観図である。It is the external view seen from the vehicle side of the non-contact charging device in one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態における非接触充電装置の車両後方から見た外観図である。It is the external view seen from the vehicle back of the non-contact charging device in one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の給電装置におけるコイルユニットの構成を示した断面図である。It is sectional drawing which showed the structure of the coil unit in the electric power feeder of this invention. 本発明の給電装置におけるコイルユニットの他の構成を示した断面図である。It is sectional drawing which showed the other structure of the coil unit in the electric power feeder of this invention. 本発明の給電装置におけるコイルユニットの他の構成を示した断面図である。It is sectional drawing which showed the other structure of the coil unit in the electric power feeder of this invention. 本発明の給電装置におけるコイルユニットの他の構成を示した断面図である。It is sectional drawing which showed the other structure of the coil unit in the electric power feeder of this invention. 本発明の給電装置におけるコイルユニットの他の構成を示した断面図である。It is sectional drawing which showed the other structure of the coil unit in the electric power feeder of this invention. （ａ）、（ｂ）は、それぞれ本発明の電界シールドの構成を示した上面図である。(A), (b) is the top view which showed the structure of the electric field shield of this invention, respectively. 本発明の給電装置における一次コイルと電界シールドとの位置関係を示した上面図である。It is the top view which showed the positional relationship of the primary coil and electric field shield in the electric power feeder of this invention. 図４に示した給電装置における漏洩電流の流れを示した断面図である。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a flow of leakage current in the power feeding device illustrated in FIG. 4. 従来の非接触充電装置の構成を示した模式図である。It is the schematic diagram which showed the structure of the conventional non-contact charging device. 従来の給電装置及び受電装置の内部構造を示した模式図で、（ａ）は給電装置の上方から、または受電装置の下方からみた図で、（ｂ）は給電装置及び受電装置を側方から見た図である。It is the schematic diagram which showed the internal structure of the conventional electric power feeding apparatus and an electric power receiving apparatus, (a) is the figure seen from the upper direction of an electric power feeding apparatus or the lower part of an electric power receiving apparatus, (b) is a side view of an electric power feeding apparatus and an electric power receiving apparatus. FIG.
　本発明の一実施態様は、受電装置へ非接触で電力を供給する給電装置であって、商用電源から高周波交流電流を発生される電力変換回路と、電力変換回路で発生された高周波交流電流が印加される一次コイルとを備え、一次コイルの少なくとも一部と、平面視において重なる位置に、導電体からなる電界シールドが配置され、電界シールドは、一次側接続手段を介して、電力変換回路における安定電位に接続されている。 One embodiment of the present invention is a power supply device that supplies power to a power receiving device in a contactless manner, and includes a power conversion circuit that generates a high-frequency alternating current from a commercial power source, and a high-frequency alternating current generated by the power conversion circuit. An electric field shield made of a conductor is disposed at a position overlapping with at least a part of the primary coil in plan view, and the electric field shield is connected to the power conversion circuit via the primary side connection means. Connected to a stable potential.
　また、本発明の他の実施態様は、給電装置から非接触で電力を供給される受電装置であって、給電装置の一次コイルで発生した磁束によって起電力を発生する二次コイルと、二次コイルで発生した起電力を整流する二次側整流回路とを備え、二次コイルの少なくとも一部と、平面視において重なる位置に、導電体からなる電界シールドが配置され、電界シールドは、二次側接続手段を介して、二次側整流回路の出力端に接続されている。 Another embodiment of the present invention is a power receiving device to which electric power is supplied from a power feeding device in a non-contact manner, a secondary coil that generates electromotive force by a magnetic flux generated in a primary coil of the power feeding device, and a secondary coil A secondary side rectifier circuit for rectifying the electromotive force generated in the coil, and an electric field shield made of a conductor is disposed at a position overlapping at least a part of the secondary coil in plan view. It is connected to the output terminal of the secondary side rectifier circuit via the side connection means.
　さらに、本発明の他の実施態様は、給電装置から受電装置に非接触で供給された電力でバッテリーを充電する非接触充電装置であって、給電装置は、商用電源を整流する一次側整流回路と、一次側整流回路の出力端に接続され、高周波交流電流を発生させるインバータ回路と、インバータ回路で発生された高周波交流電流が印加される一次コイルとを備え、受電装置は、給電装置の一次コイルで発生した磁束によって起電力を発生する二次コイルと、二次コイルで発生した起電力を整流し、バッテリーに出力する二次側整流回路とを備え、少なくとも給電装置または受電装置の一方において、一次コイルまたは二次コイルの少なくとも一部と、平面視において重なる位置に、導電体からなる電界シールドが配置され、電界シールドは、接続手段を介して、一次側整流回路または二次側整流回路の出力端に接続されている。 Furthermore, another embodiment of the present invention is a non-contact charging device for charging a battery with electric power supplied from a power feeding device to a power receiving device in a non-contact manner, wherein the power feeding device rectifies a commercial power source. And an inverter circuit that is connected to the output end of the primary side rectifier circuit and generates a high-frequency alternating current; and a primary coil to which the high-frequency alternating current generated by the inverter circuit is applied, and the power receiving device is a primary power supply device A secondary coil that generates an electromotive force by magnetic flux generated in the coil, and a secondary side rectifier circuit that rectifies the electromotive force generated in the secondary coil and outputs the rectified voltage to the battery, at least in one of the power feeding device and the power receiving device The electric field shield made of a conductor is disposed at a position overlapping with at least a part of the primary coil or the secondary coil in a plan view. Via a step and is connected to the primary side rectifying circuit or the secondary side output terminal of the rectifier circuit.
　このような構成によれば、電力伝送中に、一次コイル及び二次コイルに高周波交流電流が流れ、各コイルに高電圧が発生しても、一次コイル及び二次コイルの近傍に配置された金属物体への誘起電圧を抑制でき、感電などの事故を未然に防止できる。 According to such a configuration, even when high-frequency alternating current flows through the primary coil and the secondary coil during power transmission and a high voltage is generated in each coil, the metal disposed in the vicinity of the primary coil and the secondary coil. The induced voltage on the object can be suppressed and accidents such as electric shock can be prevented.
　また、一次コイル及び二次コイルと金属物体との間の浮遊容量に流れる漏洩電流を低減し、放射ノイズを抑制することができる。 Also, the leakage current flowing in the stray capacitance between the primary and secondary coils and the metal object can be reduced, and radiation noise can be suppressed.
　電界シールドは、抵抗率の低い物質、例えば非磁性ステンレス、アルミニウム、銅などを用いることが望ましい。抵抗率が低い物質を用いることによって、一次コイルから発生する磁束と電界シールドが磁気結合して電界シールドが誘導加熱されても、その発熱量を抑制することができる。これにより、給電装置の温度上昇を防止することができる。また、誘導加熱されないように、電界シールドを、誘導電流が流れる経路をカットする形状とすることで、電界シールド自体の温度上昇を防止することができる。 The electric field shield is preferably made of a low resistivity material such as non-magnetic stainless steel, aluminum or copper. By using a substance having a low resistivity, even if the magnetic flux generated from the primary coil and the electric field shield are magnetically coupled and the electric field shield is induction-heated, the amount of generated heat can be suppressed. Thereby, the temperature rise of an electric power feeder can be prevented. In addition, by preventing the induction heating from taking place in the electric field shield, the electric field shield itself can be prevented from rising in temperature by cutting the path through which the induction current flows.
　さらに、電界シールドを、一次コイル及び二次コイルに流れる高周波電流の周波数と、電界シールドの金属材料とで決まる誘導電流の浸透深さと同等以下の厚みにすることによって、誘導加熱による温度上昇を防止することができる。 In addition, the temperature of the electric field shield is less than or equal to the penetration depth of the induction current determined by the frequency of the high-frequency current flowing in the primary coil and secondary coil and the metal material of the electric field shield, thereby preventing temperature rise due to induction heating. can do.
　また、電界シールドは、所定のインピーダンスを有する接続手段を介して、電力変換回路または二次側整流回路の安定電位に接続される。このインピーダンスは、電界シールドと回路の安定電位を接続するラインのインピーダンスであり、非常に小さいため、電界シールド自体を、接続された電力変換回路または二次側整流回路の安定電位とすることができる。 Further, the electric field shield is connected to a stable potential of the power conversion circuit or the secondary side rectifier circuit through connection means having a predetermined impedance. This impedance is the impedance of the line connecting the electric field shield and the stable potential of the circuit, and since it is very small, the electric field shield itself can be the stable potential of the connected power conversion circuit or secondary side rectifier circuit. .
　以下、本発明の実施形態を図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、本発明は、以下の実施形態に限定されるものではない。また、本発明の効果を奏する範囲を逸脱しない範囲で、適宜変更は可能である。さらに、他の実施形態との組み合わせも可能である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited to the following embodiment. Moreover, it can change suitably in the range which does not deviate from the range which has the effect of this invention. Furthermore, combinations with other embodiments are possible.
　図１は、本発明の一実施形態における非接触充電装置１の構成を示したブロック図である。また、図２及び図３は、車両が駐車スペースに設置された状態の非接触充電装置１の外観図で、図２は、車両側方から見た外観図、図３は、車両後方から見た外観図である。 FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a non-contact charging apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 and 3 are external views of the non-contact charging device 1 in a state where the vehicle is installed in the parking space, FIG. 2 is an external view seen from the side of the vehicle, and FIG. 3 is a view seen from the rear of the vehicle. FIG.
　図１、図２及び図３に示すように、非接触充電装置１は、例えば、駐車スペースに設置される給電装置２と、電気推進車両に搭載される受電装置４とで構成される。 As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the non-contact charging device 1 is composed of, for example, a power feeding device 2 installed in a parking space and a power receiving device 4 mounted on an electric propulsion vehicle.
　給電装置２は、商用電源６に接続される一次側整流回路８及びインバータ回路１０を備えた電力変換回路１７と、制御部（例えば、マイコン）１６と、一次コイル１８及び電界シールド１４を備えた地上側コイルユニット１２と、電界シールド１４を一次側整流回路の出力端に接続する一次側接続手段２５とを備えている。 The power feeding device 2 includes a power conversion circuit 17 including a primary side rectifier circuit 8 and an inverter circuit 10 connected to a commercial power source 6, a control unit (for example, a microcomputer) 16, a primary coil 18, and an electric field shield 14. The ground side coil unit 12 and the primary side connection means 25 which connect the electric field shield 14 to the output terminal of a primary side rectifier circuit are provided.
　一方、受電装置４は、二次コイル１９及び電界シールド２０を備えた車両側コイルユニット２１と、二次側整流回路２２と、バッテリー２３と、制御部（例えば、マイコン）２４と、電界シールド２０を二次側整流回路２２に接続する二次側接続手段２６とを備えている。 On the other hand, the power receiving device 4 includes a vehicle side coil unit 21 including a secondary coil 19 and an electric field shield 20, a secondary side rectifier circuit 22, a battery 23, a control unit (for example, a microcomputer) 24, and an electric field shield 20. Is connected to the secondary side rectifier circuit 22.
　給電装置２において、商用電源６は、２００Ｖの低周波交流電源であり、一次側整流回路８の入力端に接続され、一次側整流回路８の出力端は、インバータ回路１０の入力端に接続され、インバータ回路１０の出力端は、地上側コイルユニット１２の一次コイル１８に接続されている。 In the power supply device 2, the commercial power source 6 is a 200 V low-frequency AC power source, connected to the input end of the primary side rectifier circuit 8, and the output end of the primary side rectifier circuit 8 is connected to the input end of the inverter circuit 10. The output terminal of the inverter circuit 10 is connected to the primary coil 18 of the ground side coil unit 12.
　一方、受電装置４においては、車両側コイルユニット２１の出力端は、二次側整流回路２２の入力端に接続され、二次側整流回路２２の出力端は、バッテリー２３に接続されている。 On the other hand, in the power receiving device 4, the output end of the vehicle side coil unit 21 is connected to the input end of the secondary side rectifier circuit 22, and the output end of the secondary side rectifier circuit 22 is connected to the battery 23.
　本発明の給電装置２及び受電装置４において、電界シールド１４、２０は、それぞれ、一次側及び二次側整流回路８、２２の出力端（高電位側または低電位側のいずれか一方）に、一次側及び二次側接続手段２５、２６を介して接続されている。 In the power feeding device 2 and the power receiving device 4 of the present invention, the electric field shields 14 and 20 are respectively connected to the output ends (either the high potential side or the low potential side) of the primary side and secondary side rectifier circuits 8 and 22. The primary and secondary side connection means 25 and 26 are connected.
　また、地上側コイルユニット１２は地上に敷設され、電力変換回路１７は、例えば地上側コイルユニット１２から所定距離だけ離隔した位置に立設される。一方、車両側コイルユニット２１は、例えば車体底部（例えば、シャーシ）に取り付けられる。 The ground side coil unit 12 is laid on the ground, and the power conversion circuit 17 is erected at a position separated from the ground side coil unit 12 by a predetermined distance, for example. On the other hand, the vehicle side coil unit 21 is attached to, for example, the bottom of the vehicle body (for example, a chassis).
　給電装置２の制御部１６は、受電装置４の制御部２４と無線通信を行い、受電装置４の制御部２４は、検知したバッテリー２３の残電圧に応じて電力指令値を決定し、決定した電力指令値を給電装置２の制御部１６に送信する。給電装置２の制御部１６は、地上側コイルユニット１２で検知した給電電力と、受信した電力指令値とを比較し、電力指令値が得られるようにインバータ回路１０を駆動する。 The control unit 16 of the power feeding device 2 performs wireless communication with the control unit 24 of the power receiving device 4, and the control unit 24 of the power receiving device 4 determines the power command value according to the detected remaining voltage of the battery 23. The power command value is transmitted to the control unit 16 of the power feeding device 2. The control unit 16 of the power supply apparatus 2 compares the supplied power detected by the ground side coil unit 12 with the received power command value, and drives the inverter circuit 10 so that the power command value is obtained.
　給電中、受電装置４の制御部２４は、受電電力を検知し、バッテリー２３に過電流や過電圧がかからないように、給電装置２の制御部１６への電力指令値を変更する。 During power feeding, the control unit 24 of the power receiving device 4 detects the received power and changes the power command value to the control unit 16 of the power feeding device 2 so that the battery 23 is not overcurrent or overvoltage.
　図２及び図３に示すように、給電装置２から受電装置４に給電するに際し、車両側コイルユニット２１は、車両を適宜移動させることで、地上側コイルユニット１２に対向して配置される。給電装置２の制御部１６は、インバータ回路１０を駆動制御することで、地上側コイルユニット１２と車両側コイルユニット２１との間に高周波の電磁場を形成する。受電装置４は、高周波の電磁場より電力を取り出し、取り出した電力でバッテリー２３を充電する。 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when power is supplied from the power supply device 2 to the power receiving device 4, the vehicle side coil unit 21 is disposed to face the ground side coil unit 12 by appropriately moving the vehicle. The control unit 16 of the power feeding device 2 drives and controls the inverter circuit 10 to form a high frequency electromagnetic field between the ground side coil unit 12 and the vehicle side coil unit 21. The power receiving device 4 takes out electric power from the high frequency electromagnetic field and charges the battery 23 with the taken out electric power.
　本発明によれば、非接触で電力の伝達を行う給電装置２及び受電装置４、並びに給電装置２から受電装置４に伝達された電力でバッテリー２３を充電する非接触充電装置１において、一次コイル１８及び／又は二次コイル１９の近傍に配置した電界シールド１４、２０を、給電装置２及び／又は受電装置４内の回路の安定電位に接続することにより、一次コイル１８及び／又は二次コイル１９の近傍に金属物体が配置された場合でも、静電誘導による金属物体への電圧の誘起、及び浮遊容量を経由した漏洩電流の発生を抑制することができる。 According to the present invention, in the power feeding device 2 and the power receiving device 4 that transmit power in a contactless manner, and in the contactless charging device 1 that charges the battery 23 with the power transmitted from the power feeding device 2 to the power receiving device 4, the primary coil The primary coil 18 and / or the secondary coil are connected by connecting the electric field shields 14 and 20 disposed in the vicinity of the 18 and / or the secondary coil 19 to the stable potential of the circuit in the power feeding device 2 and / or the power receiving device 4. Even when a metal object is arranged in the vicinity of 19, it is possible to suppress the induction of voltage on the metal object due to electrostatic induction and the generation of leakage current via the stray capacitance.
　ここで、一次コイル１８及び／又は二次コイル１９の近傍に配置する電界シールド１４、２０の大きさや配置場所は、特に限定されず、一次コイル１８の出力磁界の大きさ等に応じて、上記シールド効果が発揮される範囲で、適宜設定すればよい。なお、上記シールド効果を発揮するには、一次コイル１８及び／又は二次コイル１９の少なくとも一部と、平面視において重なる位置に、導電体からなる電界シールド１４、２０が配置されていることが好ましい。 Here, the size and location of the electric field shields 14 and 20 disposed in the vicinity of the primary coil 18 and / or the secondary coil 19 are not particularly limited, and the above-described values are determined depending on the magnitude of the output magnetic field of the primary coil 18 and the like. What is necessary is just to set suitably in the range with which the shielding effect is exhibited. In order to exert the shielding effect, the electric field shields 14 and 20 made of a conductor are disposed at a position overlapping at least a part of the primary coil 18 and / or the secondary coil 19 in plan view. preferable.
　また、本発明において、電界シールド１４、２０は、一次コイル１８及び二次コイル１９とともに、地上側及び車両側コイルユニット１２、２１内に内蔵されていることが好ましい。これにより、電界シールド１４、２０に、一次コイル１８及び二次コイル１９からの誘起電圧が発生しても、外部に露出していないため、人が誤って電界シールド１４、２０に触れて感電するのを防止することができる。 In the present invention, the electric field shields 14 and 20 are preferably incorporated in the ground side and vehicle side coil units 12 and 21 together with the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19. As a result, even if induced voltages from the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19 are generated in the electric field shields 14 and 20, they are not exposed to the outside, so that a person accidentally touches the electric field shields 14 and 20 to get an electric shock. Can be prevented.
　また、本発明において、電界シールド１４、２０を、低インピーダンスの接続手段２５、２６を介して、給電装置２又は受電装置４内の回路の安定電位に接続することにより、電界シールド１４、２０をアースに接続したことと等価になり、電界シールド１４、２０によるシールド効果を実現することができる。 Further, in the present invention, the electric field shields 14 and 20 are connected to the stable potential of the circuit in the power feeding device 2 or the power receiving device 4 via the low impedance connection means 25 and 26, whereby the electric field shields 14 and 20 are connected. This is equivalent to connecting to the ground, and the shielding effect by the electric field shields 14 and 20 can be realized.
　なお、電界シールド１４、２０を接続する安定電位の部位は、給電装置２又は受電装置４内の回路において安定した電位を維持する部位であれば、特に制限されないが、例えば、整流回路８、２２の出力端（高電位側または低電位側のいずれか一方）を安定電位の部位とすることができる。あるいは、インバータ回路１０の出力端、すなわち、一次コイル１８の両端に、直列接続されたコンデンサＣ１及びＣ２を接続し、コンデンサＣ１及びＣ２の中点を安定電位の部位としてもよい。この場合、コンデンサＣ１及びＣ２の中点は、整流回路８、２２の出力端の電位と同じであるため、同様のシールド効果を得ることができる。 In addition, the site | part of the stable potential which connects the electric field shields 14 and 20 will not be restrict | limited especially if it is a site | part which maintains the stable electric potential in the circuit in the electric power feeder 2 or the receiving device 4, For example, the rectifier circuits 8 and 22 The output terminal (either the high potential side or the low potential side) can be a stable potential portion. Alternatively, the capacitors C1 and C2 connected in series may be connected to the output end of the inverter circuit 10, that is, both ends of the primary coil 18, and the middle point of the capacitors C1 and C2 may be a stable potential portion. In this case, since the middle point of the capacitors C1 and C2 is the same as the potential of the output terminals of the rectifier circuits 8 and 22, the same shielding effect can be obtained.
　また、本発明において、電界シールド１４、２０は、一次側及び二次側接続手段２５、２６を介して安定電位に接続されるが、このとき、一次側及び二次側接続手段２５、２６に漏洩電流が流れる。そのため、漏洩電流による放射ノイズを抑制するために、一次側及び二次側接続手段２５、２６を、ケーブルの周りを銅箔等の金属で覆ったシールド線で構成することが好ましい。 In the present invention, the electric field shields 14 and 20 are connected to a stable potential via the primary side and secondary side connection means 25 and 26, and at this time, the primary side and secondary side connection means 25 and 26 are connected to the primary side and secondary side connection means 25 and 26. Leakage current flows. Therefore, in order to suppress radiation noise due to leakage current, it is preferable to configure the primary side and secondary side connection means 25 and 26 with shield wires in which the periphery of the cable is covered with a metal such as copper foil.
　次に、図４～図８を参照しながら、本発明の給電装置２における地上側コイルユニット１２の具体的な構成を説明する。 Next, a specific configuration of the ground side coil unit 12 in the power feeding device 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
　図４に示した地上側コイルユニット１２は、一次コイル１８と、金属製の背板２７と、地上側コイルユニット１２の上部及び側面を覆うカバー２８と、を備えている。図４に示すように、電界シールド１４は、一次コイル１８を覆うように配置されている。このように、高周波高電圧を発生する一次コイル１８の周囲を、一次側接続手段２５を介して、安定電位（例えば、一次側整流回路８の出力端）に接続された電界シールド１４で覆うことによって、金属製の背板２７に、静電誘導による誘起電圧が発生するのを抑制できるため、人が外部に露出した背板２７に触れて感電するのを防止することができる。なお、一次コイル１８及び電界シールド１４は、背板２７及び背板２７に取り付けられたカバー２８内に内蔵されているため、人が電界シールド１４に触れて感電することはない。 The ground side coil unit 12 shown in FIG. 4 includes a primary coil 18, a metal back plate 27, and a cover 28 that covers the upper and side surfaces of the ground side coil unit 12. As shown in FIG. 4, the electric field shield 14 is disposed so as to cover the primary coil 18. In this way, the periphery of the primary coil 18 that generates a high-frequency high voltage is covered with the electric field shield 14 connected to a stable potential (for example, the output end of the primary-side rectifier circuit 8) via the primary-side connection means 25. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the generation of an induced voltage due to electrostatic induction on the metal back plate 27, and thus it is possible to prevent a person from touching the back plate 27 exposed to the outside and receiving an electric shock. Since the primary coil 18 and the electric field shield 14 are built in the back plate 27 and the cover 28 attached to the back plate 27, a person does not touch the electric field shield 14 to get an electric shock.
　地上側コイルユニット１２の構成は、一次コイル１８と電界シールド１４が内蔵されたものであれば、特に制限されない。例えば、背板２７とカバー２８とは一体成形されたものであってもよく、また、同じ金属材料で構成されていてもよい。また、一次側整流回路８やインバータ回路１０等が、さらに内蔵されたものであってもよい。 The configuration of the ground side coil unit 12 is not particularly limited as long as the primary coil 18 and the electric field shield 14 are incorporated. For example, the back plate 27 and the cover 28 may be integrally formed, or may be made of the same metal material. Moreover, the primary side rectifier circuit 8, the inverter circuit 10, etc. may be further incorporated.
　また、何らかの金属物が、不用意に、地上側コイルユニット１２に接近しても、電界シールド１４のシールド効果により、地上側コイルユニット１２に接近した金属物に静電誘導による誘起電圧が発生するのを抑制できるため、人が不用意に金属物に触れて感電するのを防止することができる。 Further, even if some metal object inadvertently approaches the ground side coil unit 12, an induced voltage due to electrostatic induction is generated in the metal object close to the ground side coil unit 12 due to the shielding effect of the electric field shield 14. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a person from inadvertently touching a metal object and receiving an electric shock.
　また、図５に示すように、地上側コイルユニット１２の周囲に金属物が挿入される可能性が低い場合には、一次コイル１８と金属製の背板２７との間にのみ、電界シールド１４を配置してもよい。 Further, as shown in FIG. 5, when it is unlikely that a metal object is inserted around the ground side coil unit 12, the electric field shield 14 is provided only between the primary coil 18 and the metal back plate 27. May be arranged.
　さらに、図６に示すように、地上側コイルユニット１２の上部には金属物が挿入される可能性は低いが、地上側コイルユニット１２の側面近傍に金属物が挿入される可能性がある場合には、一次コイル１８の側面と、一次コイル１８と金属製の背板２７との間にのみ、電界シールド１４を配置してもよい。 Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, there is a low possibility that a metal object is inserted into the upper part of the ground side coil unit 12, but there is a possibility that a metal object may be inserted near the side surface of the ground side coil unit 12. Alternatively, the electric field shield 14 may be disposed only between the side surface of the primary coil 18 and between the primary coil 18 and the metal back plate 27.
　図４～図６に示すように、一次コイル１８と背板２７と間に電界シールド１４を配置することで、地上側コイルユニット１２を、図２に示すように、屋外の大地（大地上に設置されたコンクリートやアスファルトも同様）に設置した場合、金属製の背板２７は大地（アース）電位となるが、図１１に示すように、一次コイル１８と大地間の浮遊容量に流れる漏洩電流ｉ０は減少し、発生する放射ノイズを抑制することが可能となる。また、漏電遮断機の誤動作も抑制できる。 As shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6, by arranging the electric field shield 14 between the primary coil 18 and the back plate 27, the ground side coil unit 12 can be connected to the outdoor ground (on the ground as shown in FIG. 2). In the case of installation on concrete and asphalt, the metal back plate 27 is at ground (earth) potential, but as shown in FIG. 11, the leakage current flowing in the stray capacitance between the primary coil 18 and the ground i0 decreases, and the generated radiation noise can be suppressed. Also, malfunction of the earth leakage breaker can be suppressed.
　また、図７及び図８に示すように、背板２７を強度の面で金属製にする必要がなければ、地上側コイルユニット１２の周囲に金属物が挿入される可能性がある方向のみ、電界シールド１４を配置してもよい。 Moreover, as shown in FIG.7 and FIG.8, if it is not necessary to make the backplate 27 metal in terms of strength, only the direction in which metal objects may be inserted around the ground side coil unit 12, An electric field shield 14 may be disposed.
　以上のように、一次コイル１８の近傍に電界シールド１４を配置することにより、感電等に対する安全性が向上するだけでなく、一次コイル１８と金属製の背板２７との間の浮遊容量に流れる漏洩電流を低減し、放射ノイズを抑制することができる。また、背板２７が金属製でない場合でも、一次コイル１８と、一次コイル１８に接近する金属物との間の浮遊容量に流れる漏洩電流を低減し、放射ノイズを抑制することができる。 As described above, disposing the electric field shield 14 in the vicinity of the primary coil 18 not only improves the safety against electric shock and the like, but also flows to the stray capacitance between the primary coil 18 and the metal back plate 27. Leakage current can be reduced and radiation noise can be suppressed. Further, even when the back plate 27 is not made of metal, the leakage current flowing in the stray capacitance between the primary coil 18 and the metal object approaching the primary coil 18 can be reduced, and radiation noise can be suppressed.
　また、車両側コイルユニット２１も、地上側コイルユニット１２の構成と同様の構成を採用できるが、地上側コイルユニット１２の電界シールド１４と、車両側コイルユニット２１の電界シールド２０の形状や配置等は、互いに異なっていても構わない。 Further, the vehicle-side coil unit 21 can adopt the same configuration as the configuration of the ground-side coil unit 12, but the shape and arrangement of the electric field shield 14 of the ground-side coil unit 12 and the electric field shield 20 of the vehicle-side coil unit 21, etc. May be different from each other.
　ところで、一次コイル１８及び二次コイル１９に対向するように配置された電界シールド１４、２０が、図９（ａ）に示すような平板で構成されている場合、一次コイル１８及び二次コイル１９に高周波電流が流れると、電磁誘導によって電界シールド１４、２０に渦電流が誘起され、誘導加熱される。 By the way, when the electric field shields 14 and 20 arranged so as to face the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19 are formed of flat plates as shown in FIG. 9A, the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19 are used. When a high-frequency current flows through the eddy current, an eddy current is induced in the electric field shields 14 and 20 by electromagnetic induction, and induction heating is performed.
　そこで、電界シールド１４、２０が、誘導加熱されないようにするために、電界シールド１４、２０に、図９（ｂ）に示すように、誘導電流が流れる経路を遮る不連続部（カット）を設けることによって、電界シールド１４、２０自体の温度上昇を抑制することができる。なお、不連続部の形状や数等は、磁束の大きさ等に応じて適宜決めればよい。 Therefore, in order to prevent the electric field shields 14 and 20 from being induction-heated, as shown in FIG. 9B, the electric field shields 14 and 20 are provided with discontinuous portions (cuts) that block the path through which the induced current flows. As a result, the temperature rise of the electric field shields 14 and 20 themselves can be suppressed. In addition, what is necessary is just to determine suitably the shape, number, etc. of a discontinuous part according to the magnitude | size etc. of magnetic flux.
　また、電界シールド１４、２０は、給電装置２と受電装置４とを対峙させて配置したとき、一次コイル１８と二次コイル１９との間に配置される場合も想定されるが、この場合でも、上記のように、電界シールド１４、２０の電界シールド効果を損なわない程度に、電磁誘導による渦電流の発生を抑制すれば、一次コイル１８から二次コイル１９に伝達される磁束の損失を低減することができる。これにより、給電装置２から受電装置４に非接触で供給された電力の損失を最小限に抑えることができる。 The electric field shields 14 and 20 may be arranged between the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19 when the power feeding device 2 and the power receiving device 4 are arranged to face each other. As described above, if the generation of eddy current due to electromagnetic induction is suppressed to such an extent that the electric field shielding effect of the electric field shields 14 and 20 is not impaired, the loss of magnetic flux transmitted from the primary coil 18 to the secondary coil 19 is reduced. can do. Thereby, the loss of the electric power supplied in a non-contact manner from the power feeding device 2 to the power receiving device 4 can be minimized.
　また、一次コイル１８及び二次コイル１９の形状が、図１０に示すような形状である場合、一次コイル１８及び二次コイル１９の内周部よりも内側、及び外周部よりも外側は、磁束量が多いため、電界シールド１４、２０が誘導加熱されやすい。そのため、電界シールド１４、２０を、図４に示したような形状にした場合、図１０に示すように、電界シールド１４、２０の内径を一次コイル１８及び二次コイル１９の内径以上、電界シールド１４、２０の外形を一次コイル１８及び二次コイル１９の外形以下にすることが好ましい。これにより、電界シールド１４、２０自体の温度上昇を抑制することができる。 Further, when the shapes of the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19 are shapes as shown in FIG. 10, the inner side than the inner peripheral part of the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19 and the outer side of the outer peripheral part are magnetic fluxes. Since the amount is large, the electric field shields 14 and 20 are easily induction-heated. Therefore, when the electric field shields 14 and 20 are shaped as shown in FIG. 4, the electric field shields 14 and 20 have an inner diameter equal to or larger than the inner diameters of the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19 as shown in FIG. It is preferable that the outer shapes of 14 and 20 be equal to or smaller than the outer shapes of the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19. Thereby, the temperature rise of the electric field shields 14 and 20 themselves can be suppressed.
　以上、本発明を好適な実施形態により説明してきたが、こうした記述は限定事項ではなく、もちろん、種々の改変が可能である。例えば、上記実施形態では、一次コイル１８及び二次コイル１９の両方に電界シールド１４、２０を配置したが、いずれか一方のみに配置してもよい。 As mentioned above, although this invention has been demonstrated by suitable embodiment, such description is not a limitation matter and of course various modifications are possible. For example, in the above embodiment, the electric field shields 14 and 20 are arranged in both the primary coil 18 and the secondary coil 19, but they may be arranged only in either one.
　また、受電装置４では、二次コイル１９で発生した電力をバッテリー２３の充電に供したが、バッテリー２３以外の負荷に供給してもよい。 In the power receiving device 4, the electric power generated in the secondary coil 19 is used for charging the battery 23, but may be supplied to a load other than the battery 23.
　また、電界シールド１４、２０を、一次側及び二次側接続手段２５、２６を介して、一次側及び二次側整流回路８、２２の出力端に接続させたが、もちろん、接地電位に接続してもよい。ただし、給電装置２の背板２７が金属製からなり、かつ、大地に接地されている場合、電界シールド１４、２０を背板２７に接続すると、漏洩電流が背板２７に流れるため、人が外部に露出している背板２７に不用意に触れると感電するおそれがあるため、好ましくない。 The electric field shields 14 and 20 are connected to the output terminals of the primary side and secondary side rectifier circuits 8 and 22 through the primary side and secondary side connection means 25 and 26. Of course, they are connected to the ground potential. May be. However, when the back plate 27 of the power feeding device 2 is made of metal and is grounded to the ground, when the electric field shields 14 and 20 are connected to the back plate 27, a leakage current flows to the back plate 27. If the back plate 27 exposed to the outside is inadvertently touched, there is a risk of electric shock, which is not preferable.
　本発明は、非接触で電力の伝達を行う給電装置及び受電装置、並びに給電装置から受電装置に伝達された電力でバッテリーを充電する非接触充電装置に有用である。 The present invention is useful for a power feeding device and a power receiving device that transmit power in a non-contact manner, and a non-contact charging device that charges a battery with the power transmitted from the power feeding device to the power receiving device.
　１　　　非接触充電装置
　２　　　給電装置
　４　　　受電装置
　６　　　商用電源
　８　　　一次側整流回路
　１０　　インバータ回路
　１２　　地上側コイルユニット
　１４　　電界シールド
　１５　　一次側接続手段
　１６　　制御部
　１７　　電力変換回路
　１８　　一次コイル
　１９　　二次コイル
　２０　　電界シールド
　２１　　車両側コイルユニット
　２２　　二次側整流回路
　２３　　バッテリー
　２４　　制御部
　２５　　一次側接続手段
　２６　　二次側接続手段
　２７　　背板
　２８　　カバー DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Contactless charging device 2 Power feeding device 4 Power receiving device 6 Commercial power supply 8 Primary side rectifier circuit 10 Inverter circuit 12 Ground side coil unit 14 Electric field shield 15 Primary side connection means 16 Control part 17 Power conversion circuit 18 Primary coil 19 Secondary coil 20 Electric field shield 21 Vehicle side coil unit 22 Secondary side rectifier circuit 23 Battery 24 Control unit 25 Primary side connection means 26 Secondary side connection means 27 Back plate 28 Cover

Claims (9)

  1. 　受電装置へ非接触で電力を供給する給電装置であって、
    　商用電源から高周波交流電流を発生される電力変換回路と、
    　前記電力変換回路で発生された高周波交流電流が印加される一次コイルと
    を備え、
    　前記一次コイルの少なくとも一部と、平面視において重なる位置に、導電体からなる電界シールドが配置され、
    　前記電界シールドは、一次側接続手段を介して、前記電力変換回路における安定電位に接続されている、給電装置。     A power supply device that supplies power to a power receiving device in a contactless manner,
    A power conversion circuit that generates high-frequency alternating current from a commercial power source;
    A primary coil to which a high-frequency alternating current generated in the power conversion circuit is applied,
    An electric field shield made of a conductor is disposed at a position overlapping at least a part of the primary coil in plan view,
    The electric field shield, wherein the electric field shield is connected to a stable potential in the power conversion circuit via a primary side connection means.
  2. 　前記電力変換回路は、前記商用電源を整流する一次側整流回路と、該一次側整流回路の出力端に接続されたインバータ回路とを備え、
    　前記電界シールドは、前記一次側接続手段を介して、前記一次側整流回路の出力端に接続されている、請求項１に記載の給電装置。     The power conversion circuit includes a primary side rectifier circuit that rectifies the commercial power supply, and an inverter circuit connected to an output terminal of the primary side rectifier circuit,
    The power feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the electric field shield is connected to an output terminal of the primary side rectifier circuit via the primary side connection means.
  3. 　前記一次コイルは背板上に配置され、
    　前記一次コイル及び前記電界シールドは、前記背板及び該背板に取り付けられたカバー内に内蔵されている、請求項１に記載の給電装置。     The primary coil is disposed on a back plate;
    The power feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the primary coil and the electric field shield are built in the back plate and a cover attached to the back plate.
  4. 　前記背板は、金属製からなり、
    　前記電界シールドは、少なくとも、前記一次コイルと前記背板との間に配置されている、請求項１に記載の給電装置。     The back plate is made of metal,
    The power feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the electric field shield is disposed at least between the primary coil and the back plate.
  5. 　前記電界シールドは、前記一次コイルを覆って配置されている、請求項１に記載の給電装置。 The power feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the electric field shield is disposed so as to cover the primary coil.
  6. 　前記電界シールドは、平板で構成されており、該平板は、前記一次コイルで発生する磁束によって前記平板に誘起される渦電流の経路を遮る不連続部を有している、請求項１に記載の給電装置。 The said electric field shield is comprised by the flat plate, This flat plate has a discontinuous part which interrupts | blocks the path | route of the eddy current induced by the said flat plate with the magnetic flux which generate | occur | produces in the said primary coil. Power supply device.
  7. 　前記一次側接続手段は、シールド線で構成されている、請求項１に記載の給電装置。 The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the primary side connecting means is configured by a shielded wire.
  8. 　給電装置から非接触で電力を供給される受電装置であって、
    　前記給電装置の一次コイルで発生した磁束によって起電力を発生する二次コイルと、
    　前記二次コイルで発生した起電力を整流する二次側整流回路と
    を備え、
    　前記二次コイルの少なくとも一部と、平面視において重なる位置に、導電体からなる電界シールドが配置され、
    　前記電界シールドは、二次側接続手段を介して、前記二次側整流回路の出力端に接続されている、受電装置。     A power receiving device that is contactlessly supplied with power from a power feeding device,
    A secondary coil that generates an electromotive force by the magnetic flux generated in the primary coil of the power supply device;
    A secondary side rectifier circuit for rectifying the electromotive force generated in the secondary coil,
    An electric field shield made of a conductor is disposed at a position overlapping with at least a part of the secondary coil in plan view,
    The electric field shield, wherein the electric field shield is connected to an output terminal of the secondary side rectifier circuit via secondary side connection means.
  9. 　給電装置から受電装置に非接触で供給された電力でバッテリーを充電する非接触充電装置であって、
    　前記給電装置は、
    　　商用電源を整流する一次側整流回路と、
    　　前記一次側整流回路の出力端に接続され、高周波交流電流を発生させるインバータ回路と、
    　　前記インバータ回路で発生された高周波交流電流が印加される一次コイルと
    　を備え、
    　前記受電装置は、
    　　前記給電装置の一次コイルで発生した磁束によって起電力を発生する二次コイルと、
    　　前記二次コイルで発生した起電力を整流し、前記バッテリーに出力する二次側整流回路と
    　を備え、
    　少なくとも前記給電装置または前記受電装置の一方において、前記一次コイルまたは二次コイルの少なくとも一部と、平面視において重なる位置に、導電体からなる電界シールドが配置され、
    　前記電界シールドは、接続手段を介して、前記一次側整流回路または前記二次側整流回路の出力端に接続されている、非接触充電装置。     A non-contact charging device that charges a battery with electric power supplied from a power feeding device to a power receiving device in a non-contact manner,
    The power supply device
    A primary rectifier circuit for rectifying commercial power;
    An inverter circuit connected to the output terminal of the primary side rectifier circuit and generating a high-frequency alternating current;
    A primary coil to which a high-frequency alternating current generated in the inverter circuit is applied, and
    The power receiving device is:
    A secondary coil that generates an electromotive force by the magnetic flux generated in the primary coil of the power supply device;
    A secondary side rectifier circuit that rectifies the electromotive force generated in the secondary coil and outputs the rectified voltage to the battery;
    In at least one of the power feeding device or the power receiving device, an electric field shield made of a conductor is disposed at a position overlapping with at least a part of the primary coil or the secondary coil in a plan view,
    The non-contact charging apparatus, wherein the electric field shield is connected to an output terminal of the primary side rectifier circuit or the secondary side rectifier circuit via a connection unit.
PCT/JP2012/006913 2011-10-28 2012-10-29 Power supplying apparatus, power receiving apparatus, and non-contact charging apparatus WO2013061610A1 (en)

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