WO2013056467A1 - 双摆头及具有该双摆头的五轴运动*** - Google Patents
双摆头及具有该双摆头的五轴运动*** Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013056467A1 WO2013056467A1 PCT/CN2011/081123 CN2011081123W WO2013056467A1 WO 2013056467 A1 WO2013056467 A1 WO 2013056467A1 CN 2011081123 W CN2011081123 W CN 2011081123W WO 2013056467 A1 WO2013056467 A1 WO 2013056467A1
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- axis
- axis driving
- processing device
- driving device
- shaft
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
- B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
- B23Q1/50—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
- B23Q1/54—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only
- B23Q1/5406—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only a single rotating pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
- B23Q1/5412—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only a single rotating pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q2220/00—Machine tool components
- B23Q2220/006—Spindle heads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/02—Driving main working members
- B23Q5/04—Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles
- B23Q5/10—Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles driven essentially by electrical means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of machining equipment, and in particular to a double oscillating head. Further, the present invention relates to a five-axis motion system including the above-described double oscillating head.
- BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION At present, a double-swing head applied to a machining center uses a disk-type servo motor as a C-axis drive device A-axis drive device. When the double-swing head is operated, the output shaft of the disk-type servo motor is directly connected to the driven device. Connected to drive the machining tool for precise machining.
- the double oscillating head has high processing precision, it is expensive, and it cannot be applied to the field of mechanical processing where the processing precision is not high and the low cost demand is strong. For example, for a dieless casting machine, since the workpiece is sanded, the machining accuracy is not high. If the existing double oscillating head is used, the overall cost of the dieless casting machine is increased, and the single piece and small part of the casting cannot be satisfied. Batch production needs. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a lower cost double oscillating head to meet the needs of small-scale, low-cost, low-precision production.
- the machining tools mounted on the double oscillating head such as milling cutters, are generally driven by a driving device.
- the present invention aims to provide a double oscillating head and a five-axis motion system having the double oscillating head, so as to solve the problem that the existing double oscillating head has high cost, can not be applied to a moldless casting forming machine, and other processing precision requirements are low and low.
- a double oscillating head comprising: a C-axis driving device having a C-axis driving shaft; and an A-axis driving device connected to the C-axis driving shaft through the first transmission mechanism, And the C-axis drive shaft rotates synchronously, and has an A-axis drive shaft; the processing device mount is connected to the output shaft of the A-axis drive device through the second transmission mechanism, and swings with the rotation of the A-axis drive shaft.
- the first transmission mechanism comprises: a C-axis driving device mounting seat, the C-axis driving device is disposed in the C-axis driving device mounting seat; the rotating table is disposed below the C-axis driving device mounting seat and connected to the C-axis driving shaft And the C axis drive shaft rotates synchronously.
- the C-axis driving device mount has an axial step mounting hole coaxial with the C-axis driving shaft, and the housing of the C-axis driving device is clamped on the outer step of the axial step mounting hole, and the rotating table has an extension to the axial step
- a boss portion in the mounting hole is sleeved on the outer circumference of the C-axis drive shaft and connected to the C-axis drive shaft, and a roller bearing is disposed between the outer circumference of the boss portion and the inner wall of the axial step mounting hole.
- the A-axis drive shaft extends through the processing device mount
- the second transmission mechanism includes a drive flange sleeved on the first end of the A-axis drive shaft, and the drive flange is coupled with the A-axis drive shaft, and the orientation of the drive flange
- the end face of the processing device mount is fixedly connected to the processing device mount.
- an A-axis driving device mounting seat is disposed under the rotating table, the outer casing of the A-axis driving device is fixed on the outer side of the A-axis driving device mounting seat, and the A-axis driving shaft is inserted through the A-axis driving device mounting seat, and the driving flange is disposed on the A first side wall of the A-axis drive mount is between the first side wall of the processing device mount.
- a middle portion of the second side wall of the A-axis driving device mounting seat is provided with a through hole coaxial with the A-axis driving shaft, and a second end of the A-axis driving shaft is disposed in the through hole, and the A-axis driving device mounting seat
- a support flange fixed to the second side wall of the processing device mount is disposed between the second side wall and the second side wall of the processing device mount, and the support flange has an extension flange extending into the through hole and located at the A-axis drive shaft
- a deep groove ball bearing is disposed between the outer periphery of the support portion and the inner wall of the through hole at the outer peripheral support portion.
- the A-axis driving device mounting base further includes a base, and the first side wall of the A-axis driving device mounting seat is integrally formed with the base, and the second side wall of the A-axis driving device mounting seat is detachably connected to the base.
- the C-axis driving device and the A-axis driving device are both servo motors.
- an air inlet is disposed above the processing device mount, and an air outlet is disposed below, and the air inlet is connected to the cooling gas supply source through the first air supply pipeline.
- a processing device is disposed below the processing device mount, and a blowing nozzle facing the processing device is disposed above the processing device, and the blowing nozzle is connected to the cooling gas supply source through the second gas transmission line.
- a five-axis motion system including an XYZ three-axis motion unit, further comprising the above-described double swing head disposed on a Z-axis motion unit in the XYZ three-axis motion unit.
- the C-axis drive of the double-swing head is fixed to the Z-axis motion slider in the Z-axis motion unit by a C-axis drive mount.
- the double oscillating head provided by the invention transmits the power of the output shaft of the c-axis driving device to the A-axis driving device by using the first transmission mechanism, drives the A-axis driving device to rotate synchronously, and then uses the second transmission mechanism to take the A-axis
- the power of the output shaft of the driving device is transmitted to the mounting device mounting seat, and the ordinary servo motor can be used instead of the disc servo motor to realize the transmission of power, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the manufacturing cost of the double swing head.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structural view of a double oscillating head according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a double oscillating head according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the five-axis motion system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- a double oscillating head which is intended to be mainly applied to a single-piece machining, small batch size, low precision requirements, and strict cost control.
- the double oscillating head comprises: a C-axis driving device 21 having a C-axis driving shaft 211; an A-axis driving device 23 connected to the C-axis driving shaft 211 through a first transmission mechanism, and synchronously rotating with the C-axis driving shaft 211, and having The A-axis drive shaft 231; the processing device mount 25 is connected to the output shaft of the A-axis drive unit 22 via the second transmission mechanism, and is swung with the rotation of the A-axis drive shaft 231.
- the double oscillating head provided by the present invention can transmit the output power of the C-axis driving device 21 and the A-axis driving device 23 to the components to be driven by the next stage by using the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism, without the need for a disk-type servo motor.
- the parts that need to be driven are directly driven by the drive shaft, so that a conventional servo motor can be used instead of the disc type servo motor.
- a conventional servo motor can be used instead of the disc type servo motor.
- the machining accuracy is lowered, the manufacturing cost is significantly reduced, and, for the moldless casting molding machine, etc. Processing equipment that requires relatively low machining accuracy is fully capable of meeting the requirements.
- the first transmission mechanism may include: a C-axis driving device mounting seat 213, the C-axis driving device 21 is disposed in the C-axis driving device mounting seat 213; the rotating table 215 is disposed under the C-axis driving device mounting seat 213, and the C-axis
- the drive shafts 211 are connected and rotate in synchronization with the C-axis drive shaft 211.
- the C-axis driving device mount 213 has an axial step mounting hole coaxial with the C-axis driving shaft 211, and the housing of the C-axis driving device 21 is stuck on the outer step of the axial step mounting hole, and the rotating table 215 has a boss portion 215a extending into the axial step mounting hole, the boss portion 215a being sleeved on the outer circumference of the C-axis drive shaft 211 and connected to the C-axis drive shaft 211, the outer circumference of the boss portion 215a and the axial step mounting hole
- a roller bearing 217 is disposed between the inner walls.
- the roller bearing 217 may be a tapered roller bearing.
- the upper portion of the rotary table 215 may be mounted with a pair of tapered roller bearings.
- the tapered roller bearing is locked with a brake nut 218 above, and the lower portion passes through the shoulder of the C-axis drive mounting seat 213. fixed.
- the relative rotation between the rotary table 215 and the C-axis drive mounting seat 213 can be realized by the roller bearing 217, and the driving force of the C-axis drive shaft 211 can be transmitted to the rotary table 215.
- a cover 219 is also provided on the outer side of the rotary table 215.
- the A-axis drive shaft 231 extends through the processing device mount 25, and it can be said that the processing device mount 25 is disposed on the A-axis drive shaft 231 from the side sleeve.
- the second transmission mechanism may include a sleeve drive on the A-axis.
- the drive flange 257 of the first end of the shaft 231 (on the left side of the processing device mount 25 in FIG. 1), the drive flange 257 is keyed to the A-axis drive shaft 231, and the end face of the drive flange 257 facing the processing device mount 25 It is fixedly connected to the first side surface of the processing device mount 25 (the left outer side surface of the processing device mount 25 in Fig. 1).
- the transmission flange 257 is synchronously rotated coaxially with the A-axis drive shaft 231 by the spline, and the processing device mount 25 is oscillated by the rotation of the A-axis drive shaft 231 by the drive flange 257.
- the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper oscillates, which in turn drives the processing device disposed in the processing device mount 25 to oscillate as the A-axis drive shaft rotates.
- an A-axis driving device mount is connected below the rotating table 215, and the A-axis driving device mounting seat has a downwardly downward groove, and the A-axis driving device 23
- the outer casing is fixed to the outside of the A-axis drive mounting seat, and the processing device mount 25 is disposed in the recess of the A-axis drive mounting.
- the A-axis drive shaft 231 extends through the A-axis drive mount (the A-axis drive shaft 231 sequentially passes from the left side of the A-axis drive mount and the left side of the processing apparatus mount 25, and then from the right side of the processing apparatus mount 25 And the right side of the A-axis drive mounting seat, the drive flange 257 is disposed on the first side wall (left side wall) 233 of the A-axis drive mounting seat and the first side of the processing device mount 25 (left side Between).
- a central portion of the second side wall 235 of the A-axis drive mount is provided with a through hole coaxial with the A-axis drive shaft 231, and a second end of the A-axis drive shaft 231
- a second side wall (right side wall) 235 of the A-axis driving device mount and a second side wall of the processing device mounting seat 25 are provided with a second side wall fixed to the processing device mounting seat 25.
- the upper support flange 259 has a support portion extending into the through hole of the second side wall 235 and located on the outer circumference of the A-axis drive shaft 231.
- the support portion can be rotated along with the rotation of the A-axis drive shaft 231, and a deep groove ball bearing can be disposed between the outer circumference of the support portion and the inner wall of the through hole. 258.
- One side of the deep groove ball bearing 258 is fixed by the shoulder of the second side wall 235 of the A-axis drive mounting seat, and the other side is fixed by the bearing end cover 250, and the bearing end cover 250 is fixed to the second side wall 235 by bolts. .
- the A-axis driving device mounting base further includes a base.
- the first side wall 233 of the A-axis driving device mounting seat is integrally formed with the base to form an L-shaped base, and the second side wall 235 is A separate detachable connection between the L-shaped bases.
- the A-axis driving device 23 may be provided with a protective cover.
- the shield may include a left shield 237 disposed on one side of the body of the A-axis driving device 23 (outside of the first side wall 233) and an end side (second side) of the A-axis driving shaft disposed on the A-axis driving device 23.
- the right shield 239 of the outer side of the wall 235, the left shield 237 is connected to the L-shaped base 233, and the right shield 239 is connected to the second side wall 235.
- the second transmission mechanism may include a transmission flange 257 sleeved at a first end of the A-axis drive shaft 231, the transmission flange 257 is keyed to the A-axis drive shaft 231, and the second end surface of the transmission flange 257 and the processing device mount The first side of the 25 is fixedly connected.
- the C-axis driving device 21 and the A-axis driving device 23 can be driven by a common servo motor, and the power of the two servo motors can be realized by using the tapered roller bearing and the deep groove roller bearing 258, respectively.
- the machining device mount 25 is provided with an electric spindle for driving the cutting tool.
- the driving device is working, a large amount of heat is generated.
- the top surface of the processing device mount 25 is provided with an air inlet, and the air of the cooling gas supply source 40 is provided. The end is connected to the intake port through the first gas delivery pipe 41.
- the cooling gas supply source 40 and the air inlet provided on the top surface of the processing device mount 25 can blow the cooling gas into the space where the driving device is located, thereby effectively reducing the operating temperature of the driving device and improving the electric spindle and the like.
- the cooling gas supply source can provide a high pressure cooling gas.
- an air outlet may be disposed on the lower end surface of the processing device mount 25 to facilitate the formation of a flow path and reduce the installation of the processing device.
- the temperature inside the seat 25 is a high pressure cooling gas.
- a processing tool such as an operating handle such as an operator can be provided in the processing device mount 25, and the above-described cooling method can also provide a certain protective effect on the working mechanism of the operator.
- the cutting tool can be disposed above the cutting tool 253. Blowing nozzle 43 of 253.
- a second gas delivery pipe 45 is connected to the blowing nozzle 43, the gas source is also a high pressure cooling gas, and the second gas delivery pipe 45 is connected to the output end of the cooling gas supply source 40.
- the cutting tool 253 is connected to the rotor 254 of the electric spindle provided in the processing device mount 25 via the chuck 256, and is rotated at a high speed by the driving of the electric spindle.
- high pressure cooling can be performed.
- the gas is blown onto the cutting tool 253, and the debris on the cutting tool 253 is blown off to clean the cutting tool.
- the blow nozzle 43 can also be used to keep clean and cool.
- the blowing nozzle 43 may be mounted below the processing device mount 25, or may be mounted in the vicinity of the cutting tool 253 by other tools, as long as the cooling gas blown from the blowing nozzle 43 can ensure the debris on the cutting tool 253. Blow it off.
- a five-axis motion system having an XYZ three-axis motion unit, further having the double swing head described above. As shown in Fig. 4, in order to explain the structure of the five-axis motion system provided by the present invention as a whole, the XYZ three-axis motion unit in the five-axis motion system provided by the present invention will be described below.
- the X-axis moving unit in the XYZ three-axis moving unit includes a first X-axis moving rail 11 and a second X-axis moving rail 13 which are disposed in parallel; two of the first X-axis moving rail 11 and the second X-axis moving rail 13 are respectively disposed a synchronously moving X-axis slider 12 and an X-axis slider connecting plate connected between the two X-axis sliders 12; the X-axis driving motor 15 simultaneously drives the first X-axis moving rail 11 through the X-axis driving lever 16 and The slider on the second X-axis motion guide 13 slides along the X-axis.
- the x-axis moving unit in the three-axis moving unit includes a first x-axis moving rail 31 and a second x-axis motion 32 arranged in parallel, and the first x-axis moving rail 31 and the second x-axis moving rail 32 are respectively fixed by bolts
- the X-axis slide connecting plate on the first X-axis moving rail 11 and the second X-axis moving rail 13; the ⁇ -axis driving motor 33 simultaneously drives the first ⁇ -axis moving rail 31 and the second ⁇ shaft through the ⁇ shaft transmission rod 34
- the moving guide rail 32; the first x-axis moving rail 31 and the second cymbal moving rail 32 are respectively provided with two cymbal sliders 35 and a cymbal slider connecting plate connected between the two cymbal sliders 35.
- the ⁇ -axis motion unit includes a vertically-set ⁇ -axis motion guide rail and a ⁇ -axis motion slider (not shown) disposed on the ⁇ -axis motion guide rail, and the ⁇ -axis motion slider is fixedly connected with the ⁇ -axis slider connection plate, ⁇
- the shaft drive motor 53 is fixed on the upper part of the movement guide rail of the x-axis, and the movement block of the x-axis is relatively stationary in the direction of the x-axis, but the reciprocating movement of the main-axis movement guide rail relative to the x-axis movement slider in the x-axis direction, the x-axis movement guide
- the bottom of the shaft is provided with a cymbal base 52, and the C-axis drive unit 21 is connected to the yoke base 52 via a C-axis drive mount 213 (see FIG.
- the cymbal base 52 is provided with a C-axis drive device,
- the C-axis driving device mount and the rotary table-sealed cymbal cover 51, and the C-axis drive mounting seat 213 can be fixed to the lower end of the cymbal base 52 by bolts.
- the five-axis motion system provided by the invention can realize the C-axis movement and the boring movement by using a common servo motor, and the cost is low, and can be applied to the moldless casting forming machine, so that the moldless casting forming machine can process the structural size. Large, complex cavity castings that are complex and difficult to machine.
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Abstract
一种双摆头及具有该双摆头的五轴传动***。双摆头包括:C轴驱动装置(21),具有C轴驱动轴(211);A轴驱动装置(23),通过第一传动机构与C轴驱动轴相连,并随C轴驱动轴(211)同步旋转,并具有A轴驱动轴(231);加工装置安装座(25),通过第二传动机构与A轴驱动装置(23)相连,并随A轴驱动轴(231)的转动而摆动。双摆头利用第一传动机构和第二传动机构将C轴驱动装置(21)和A轴驱动装置(23)的动力传递给需要被带动的加工装置,就可以采用普通的伺服电机代替盘式伺服电机,进而可以降低双摆头的制造成本,并能够符合无模铸造成形机等对加工精度不高的加工设备的需要。
Description
双摆头及具有该双摆头的五轴运动*** 技术领域 本发明涉及机械加工设备领域, 特别地, 涉及一种双摆头。 此外, 本发明还涉及 一种包括上述双摆头的五轴运动***。 背景技术 目前, 应用于机械加工中心上的双摆头, 都采用盘式伺服电机作为 C轴驱动装置 A轴驱动装置, 双摆头工作时, 盘式伺服电机的输出轴直接与被驱动的装置相连, 带 动加工工具进行精确的加工。 此种双摆头虽然加工精度较高, 但是价格昂贵, 无法应 用到加工精度要求不高、 低成本需求强烈的机械加工领域。 例如, 对于无模铸造成形 机, 由于加工工件为砂块, 加工精度要求不高, 若采用现有的双摆头, 使得无模铸造 成型机的整体成本提高, 无法满足铸件的单件、 小批量的生产需求。 因此, 有必要提 供一种成本较低双摆头, 以适应小规模、 低成本、 精度要求不高的生产的需要。 另外, 安装在双摆头上的加工工具, 如铣刀等一般都由一个驱动装置进行驱动, 在加工工具进行作业时, 驱动装置处于高速运转的状态, 会产生较多的热量, 使驱动 装置自身及周围环境的温度升高, 容易影响驱动装置的使用寿命。 而且, 对于无模铸 造成形机一类的加工设备, 在对工件进行加工过程的过程中, 会产生废屑, 对加工工 具造成污染, 影响加工工具及整个加工设备的工作质量。 发明内容 本发明目的在于提供一种双摆头及具有该双摆头的五轴运动***, 以解决现有双 摆头成本高、 不能应用到无模铸造成形机以及其他加工精度要求低、 低成本加工需求 强烈的加工设备上的技术问题。 为实现上述目的, 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种双摆头, 包括: C轴驱动 装置, 具有 C轴驱动轴; A轴驱动装置, 通过第一传动机构与 C轴驱动轴相连, 并随 C轴驱动轴同步旋转, 并具有 A轴驱动轴; 加工装置安装座, 通过第二传动机构与 A 轴驱动装置的输出轴相连, 并随 A轴驱动轴的转动而摆动。
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进一步地, 第一传动机构包括: C轴驱动装置安装座, C轴驱动装置设置在 C轴 驱动装置安装座内; 旋转台, 设置于 C轴驱动装置安装座的下方, 与 C轴驱动轴相连 并随 C轴驱动轴同步转动。 进一步地, C轴驱动装置安装座具有与 C轴驱动轴同轴的轴向阶梯安装孔, C轴 驱动装置的外壳卡在轴向阶梯安装孔的外阶梯上, 旋转台具有延伸至轴向阶梯安装孔 内的凸起部, 凸起部套设于 C轴驱动轴的外周并与 C轴驱动轴相连, 凸起部的外周与 轴向阶梯安装孔的内壁之间设置有滚子轴承。 进一步地, A轴驱动轴贯穿加工装置安装座, 第二传动机构包括套设在 A轴驱动 轴的第一端的传动法兰, 传动法兰与 A轴驱动轴键连接, 传动法兰的朝向加工装置安 装座的端面与加工装置安装座固定连接。 进一步地, 旋转台的下方设置有 A轴驱动装置安装座, A轴驱动装置的外壳固定 在 A轴驱动装置安装座的外侧, A轴驱动轴贯穿 A轴驱动装置安装座, 传动法兰设置 于 A轴驱动装置安装座的第一侧壁与加工装置安装座的第一侧壁之间。 进一步地, A轴驱动装置安装座的第二侧壁的中部设置有与 A轴驱动轴同轴的通 孔, A轴驱动轴的第二端设置在通孔内, A轴驱动装置安装座的第二侧壁与加工装置 安装座的第二侧壁之间设置有固定在加工装置安装座的第二侧壁上的支撑法兰, 支撑 法兰具有延伸至通孔内并位于 A轴驱动轴外周的支撑部, 支撑部的外周与通孔的内壁 之间设置有深沟球轴承。 进一步地, A轴驱动装置安装座还包括底座, A轴驱动装置安装座的第一侧壁与 底座一体成型, A轴驱动装置安装座的第二侧壁可拆卸地与底座相连。 进一步地, C轴驱动装置和 A轴驱动装置均为伺服电机。 进一步地, 加工装置安装座的上方设置有进气口, 下方设置有出气口, 进气口通 过第一输气管路与冷却气体供给源相连。 进一步地, 加工装置安装座的下方设置有加工装置, 加工装置的上方设置有朝向 加工装置的吹气嘴, 吹气嘴通过第二输气管路与冷却气体供给源的相连。 根据本发明的另一个方面, 还提供了五轴运动***, 包括 XYZ三轴运动单元, 还 包括上述双摆头, 该双摆头设置在 XYZ三轴运动单元中的 Z轴运动单元上。
进一步地,双摆头的 C轴驱动装置通过 C轴驱动装置安装座固定在 Z轴运动单元 中的 Z轴运动滑块上。 本发明具有以下有益效果:
1. 本发明提供的双摆头, 利用第一传动机构将 c轴驱动装置的输出轴的动力传 递给 A轴驱动装置, 带动 A轴驱动装置同步旋转, 再利用第二传动机构, 将 A轴驱 动装置输出轴的动力传递给加工装置安装座, 进而可以采用普通的伺服电机代替盘式 伺服电机实现动力的传递, 从而实现降低双摆头的制造成本的目的。
2. 由于在加工装置安装座上设置便于冷却气体流通的进气口和出气口,因而能够 有效降低加工装置的工作温度, 并在加工装置的上方设置朝向加工装置的吹风嘴, 同 时能够对加工装置进行清洁机降温, 提高加工装置及其驱动装置的使用寿命, 提高双 摆头及具有该双摆头的物质运动***的工作效率。 除了上面所描述的目的、特征和优点之外, 本发明还有其它的目的、特征和优点。 下面将参照图, 对本发明作进一步详细的说明。 附图说明 构成本申请的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 本发明的示意性实 施例及其说明用于解释本发明, 并不构成对本发明的不当限定。 在附图中: 图 1是本发明优选实施例的双摆头的剖视结构示意图; 图 2是本发明优选实施例的双摆头的整体结构示意图; 图 3是本发明优选实施例的加工装置与冷却气体供给装置之间的结构示意图; 以 及 图 4是本发明优选实施例的五轴运动***的结构示意图。 具体实施方式 以下结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明, 但是本发明可以由权利要求限定 和覆盖的多种不同方式实施。 如图 1所示, 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种双摆头, 旨在主要应用于单件 加工、 批量小、 精度要求不高并且对成本控制较为严格的机械加工设备中。
该双摆头包括: C轴驱动装置 21, 具有 C轴驱动轴 211 ; A轴驱动装置 23, 通过 第一传动机构与 C轴驱动轴 211相连, 并随 C轴驱动轴 211同步旋转, 并具有 A轴驱 动轴 231 ; 加工装置安装座 25, 通过第二传动机构与 A轴驱动装置 22的输出轴相连, 并随 A轴驱动轴 231的转动而摆动。 本发明提供的双摆头利用第一传动机构和第二传动机构能将 C轴驱动装置 21和 A 轴驱动装置 23的输出动力传递到下一级需要带动的部件上,无需如盘式伺服电机一样 直接由驱动轴驱动需要带动的部件转动, 这样, 就可以采用普通的伺服电机代替盘式 伺服电机, 虽然加工精度有所下降, 但是制造成本会显著下降, 而且, 对于无模铸造 成形机等加工精度要求相对低一些的加工设备而言, 已经完全能够满足要求。 第一传动机构可以包括: C轴驱动装置安装座 213, C轴驱动装置 21设置在 C 轴驱动装置安装座 213内; 旋转台 215, 设置于 C轴驱动装置安装座 213的下方, 与 C轴驱动轴 211相连并随 C轴驱动轴 211同步转动。 具体地说, C轴驱动装置安装座 213具有与 C轴驱动轴 211同轴的轴向阶梯安装 孔, C轴驱动装置 21的外壳卡在轴向阶梯安装孔的外阶梯上, 旋转台 215具有延伸至 轴向阶梯安装孔内的凸起部 215a, 凸起部 215a套设于 C轴驱动轴 211的外周并与 C 轴驱动轴 211相连,凸起部 215a的外周与轴向阶梯安装孔的内壁之间设置有滚子轴承 217。滚子轴承 217可以为圆锥滚子轴承,旋转台 215的上部可以安装有一对圆锥滚子 轴承, 圆锥滚子轴承上方用制动螺母 218锁紧, 下方通过 C轴驱动装置安装座 213的 肩台固定。 利用滚子轴承 217可以实现旋转台 215与 C轴驱动装置安装座 213之间的相对转 动, 进而将 C轴驱动轴 211的驱动力传递给旋转台 215。 旋转台 215的外侧还设置有 罩盖 219。
A轴驱动轴 231贯穿加工装置安装座 25, 也可以说, 加工装置安装座 25从侧面 套设置在 A轴驱动轴 231上, 此种情况下, 第二传动机构可以包括套设在 A轴驱动轴 231的第一端 (图 1中加工装置安装座 25左侧) 的传动法兰 257, 传动法兰 257与 A 轴驱动轴 231键连接,传动法兰 257的朝向加工装置安装座 25的端面与加工装置安装 座 25的第一侧面 (图 1中加工装置安装座 25的左侧外侧面) 固定连接。 也就是说, 传动法兰 257通过花键与 A轴驱动轴 231同轴同步旋转, 加工装置安装座 25在传动 法兰 257的带动下, 随着 A轴驱动轴 231的旋转而实现摆动 (沿图 1中垂直于纸面的 方向摆动), 进而带动设置在加工装置安装座 25内的加工装置随 A轴驱动轴的旋转而 摆动。
为了实现 A轴驱动装置 23与旋转台 215之间的连接,旋转台 215的下方连接有 A 轴驱动装置安装座, A轴驱动装置安装座具有开口向下的凹槽, A轴驱动装置 23的外 壳固定在 A轴驱动装置安装座的外侧, 加工装置安装座 25设置在 A轴驱动装置安装 座的凹槽内。 A轴驱动轴 231贯穿 A轴驱动装置安装座(A轴驱动轴 231依次从 A轴 驱动装置安装座的左侧和加工装置安装座 25的左侧穿入, 再从加工装置安装座 25右 侧和 A轴驱动装置安装座的右侧穿出), 传动法兰 257设置于 A轴驱动装置安装座的 第一侧壁 (左侧壁) 233与加工装置安装座 25的第一侧面 (左侧面) 之间。 为了起到对 A轴驱动轴 231的支撑作用, A轴驱动装置安装座的第二侧壁 235的 中部设置有与 A轴驱动轴 231同轴的通孔, A轴驱动轴 231的第二端设置在通孔内, A轴驱动装置安装座的第二侧壁 (右侧壁) 235与加工装置安装座 25的第二侧壁之间 设置有固定在加工装置安装座 25的第二侧壁上的支撑法兰 259, 支撑法兰 259具有延 伸至第二侧壁 235的通孔内并位于 A轴驱动轴 231外周的支撑部。 为了支撑部能够与 通孔的内壁之间不会发生干扰, 使支撑部能够随着 A轴驱动轴 231的旋转而旋转, 支 撑部的外周与通孔的内壁之间可以设置深沟球轴承轴承 258。 深沟球轴承 258的一侧 由 A轴驱动装安装座的第二侧壁 235的肩台固定, 另一侧由轴承端盖 250固定, 轴承 端盖 250通过螺栓固定于第二侧壁 235上。
A轴驱动装置安装座还包括底座, 为了便于加工装置安装座 25的安装和拆卸, A 轴驱动装置安装座的第一侧壁 233与底座一体成型构成 L形基座, 第二侧壁 235与 L 形基座之间为分体可拆卸连接。 如图 2所示,为了起到对 A轴驱动装置 23的保护作用,防止切削后的废砂屑对 A 轴驱动装置 23的污染, A轴驱动装置 23的外侧还可以设置有防护罩, 该防护罩可以 包括设置在 A轴驱动装置 23的本体一侧 (第一侧壁 233的外侧) 的左防护罩 237和 设置在 A轴驱动装置 23的 A轴驱动轴的末端一侧 (第二侧壁 235的外侧) 的右防护 罩 239, 左防护罩 237与 L形基座 233相连, 右防护罩 239与第二侧壁 235相连。 第二传动机构可以包括套设在 A轴驱动轴 231的第一端的传动法兰 257, 传动法 兰 257与 A轴驱动轴 231键连接, 传动法兰 257的第二端面与加工装置安装座 25的 第一侧面固定连接。 通过上述的多个动力传动机构, C轴驱动装置 21和 A轴驱动装置 23采用普通的 伺服电机即可, 分别利用圆锥滚子轴承和深沟滚子轴承 258就可以实现两个伺服电机 的动力的稳定输出, 结构简单, 易于实现, 无需采用高精度的盘式伺服电机, 大大降 低了双摆头的制造成本。
如图 3所示, 由于加工装置安装座 25内通常会设置高速运转的驱动装置, 例如, 对于无模铸造成形机而言,加工装置安装座 25内就会设置有用于驱动切削刀具的电主 轴。 驱动装置在进行工作时, 会产生较大的热量, 为了降低驱动装置, 如电主轴所处 环境的温度, 加工装置安装座 25的顶面设置有进气口, 冷却气体供给源 40的输气端 通过第一输气管 41与进气口相连。 通过冷却气体供给源 40以及设置于加工装置安装 座 25的顶面的进气口,可以将冷却气体吹送至驱动装置所处的空间内,可以有效地降 低驱动装置的工作温度, 提高电主轴等驱动装置的使用寿命。 冷却气体供给源可以提 供高压冷却气体。 为了使经过热交换后的气体从加工装置安装座 25中排除,实现对驱动装置降温的 效果, 加工装置安装座 25的下端面上还可以设置出气口, 以便于形成流通通路, 降低 加工装置安装座 25内的温度。 通过在驱动装置所在的空间内输入高压冷却气体, 可以对驱动装置进行必要的冷 却, 提高驱动装置的使用寿命, 并能够有效防止外部废砂的侵入。 当然,加工装置安装座 25内也可以设置操作手等操作手柄等加工工具,采用上述 冷却方式, 同样能够对操作手的工作机构起到一定的保护作用。 为了对设置在加工装置安装座 25下方的加工装置,如切削刀具 253进行更好的清 洁, 防止切削后的砂粒存留在刀具上降低刀具的切削效率, 可以在切削刀具 253的上 方设置朝向切削刀具 253的吹气嘴 43。 吹气嘴 43上连接有第二输气管 45, 气源同样 采用高压冷却气体, 第二输气管 45可以与冷却气体供给源 40的输出端相连。 切削刀 具 253通过卡头 256与设置在加工装置安装座 25内的电主轴的转子 254相连接,并在 电主轴的驱动下高速旋转, 通过朝向切削刀具 253的吹气嘴 43, 可以将高压冷却气体 吹送到切削刀具 253上,将切削刀具 253上的碎屑吹掉,起到对切削刀具清洁的作用。 对于操作手等其他形式的加工工具, 同样可以利用吹气嘴 43保持清洁及降温。 吹气嘴 43可以安装在加工装置安装座 25的下方, 也可以利用其他工具安装在切 削刀具 253的附近, 只要能够保证从吹气嘴 43中吹出的冷却气体能够将切削刀具 253 上的碎屑吹掉即可。 根据本发明的另一个方面, 还提供了一种五轴运动***, 该五轴运动***具有 XYZ三轴运动单元, 还具有上述双摆头。 如图 4所示, 为了从整体上对本发明提供的五轴运动***的结构进行说明, 下面 对本发明提供的五轴运动***中的 XYZ三轴运动单元进行说明。
XYZ三轴运动单元中的 X轴运动单元包括平行设置的第一 X轴运动导轨 11和第 二 X轴运动导轨 13 ; 第一 X轴运动导轨 11和第二 X轴运动导轨 13上各自设置两个 同步运动的 X轴滑块 12以及连接在两个 X轴滑块 12之间的 X轴滑块连接板; X轴 驱动电机 15通过 X轴传动杆 16同时驱动第一 X轴运动导轨 11和第二 X轴运动导轨 13上的滑块沿 X轴进行滑动。
ΧΥΖ三轴运动单元中的 Υ轴运动单元包括平行设置的第一 Υ轴运动导轨 31和第 二 Υ轴运动 32, 第一 Υ轴运动导轨 31和第二 Υ轴运动导轨 32通过螺栓分别固定在 第一 X轴运动导轨 11和第二 X轴运动导轨 13上的 X轴滑块连接板上; Υ轴驱动电 机 33通过 Υ轴传动杆 34同时驱动第一 Υ轴运动导轨 31和第二 Υ轴运动导轨 32;第 一 Υ轴运动导轨 31和第二 Υ轴运动导轨 32上各自设置有两个 Υ轴滑块 35和连接在 两个 Υ轴滑块 35之间的 Υ轴滑块连接板。
Ζ轴运动单元包括垂直设置的 Ζ轴运动导轨及设置在 Ζ轴运动导轨上的 Ζ轴运动 滑块 (图中未示出), Ζ轴运动滑块与 Υ轴滑块连接板固定连接, Ζ轴驱动电机 53固 定于 Ζ轴运动导轨的上部, Ζ轴运动滑块在 Ζ轴方向相对静止, 而是 Ζ轴运动导轨整 体相对于 Ζ轴运动滑块沿 Ζ轴方向往复运动, Ζ轴运动导轨的底部设置有 Ζ轴基座 52, C轴驱动装置 21通过 C轴驱动装置安装座 213与 Ζ轴基座 52相连(参见图 2), Ζ轴 基座 52上设置有将 C轴驱动装置、 C轴驱动装置安装座及旋转台密封的 Ζ轴盖板 51, 并且 C轴驱动装置安装座 213可以通过螺栓固定于 Ζ轴基座 52的下端。 本发明提供的五轴运动***,利用普通的伺服电机就能够实现 C轴运动和 Α轴运 动, 成本较低, 可以应用到无模铸造成形机中, 使得无模铸造成形机可以加工出结构 尺寸较大、 型腔曲面较为复杂、 不易加工成形的大型复杂铸件的铸型。 另外, 对加工 装置安装座内通入高压冷却气体, 使得加工装置及其驱动装置得到了必要的冷却, 并 有效防止了外部废砂的侵入, 同时很好地对加工装置进行清洁, 提高加工装置的整体 使用寿命。 将上述五轴运动***应用到无模铸造成形机中, 能够有效地解决现有技术的无模 铸造成形机中不能加工结构尺寸较大、 型腔曲面较复杂、 不易加工成形的大型复杂铸 件的铸型的问题, 并且降低了无模铸造成形机的制造成本。 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本发明, 对于本领域的技 术人员来说, 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内, 所作的 任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims
权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种双摆头, 其特征在于, 包括:
C轴驱动装置 (21), 具有 C轴驱动轴 (211);
A轴驱动装置 (23), 通过第一传动机构与所述 C轴驱动轴 (211) 相连, 并随所述 C轴驱动轴 (211) 同步旋转, 并具有 A轴驱动轴 (231);
加工装置安装座 (25), 通过第二传动机构与所述 A轴驱动装置 (22) 的 输出轴相连, 并随所述 A轴驱动轴 (231) 的转动而摆动。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的双摆头, 其特征在于, 所述第一传动机构包括:
C轴驱动装置安装座 (213), 所述 C轴驱动装置 (21)设置在所述 C轴驱 动装置安装座 (213) 内;
旋转台 (215), 设置于所述 C轴驱动装置安装座(213)的下方, 与所述 C 轴驱动轴 (211)相连并随所述 C轴驱动轴 (211) 同步转动, 所述 A轴驱动装 置 (23) 与所述旋转台 (215) 相连接。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的双摆头, 其特征在于, 所述 C轴驱动装置安装座 (213) 具有与所述 C轴驱动轴(211)同轴的轴向阶梯安装孔,所述 C轴驱动装置(21) 的外壳卡在所述轴向阶梯安装孔的外阶梯上, 所述旋转台(215)具有延伸至所 述轴向阶梯安装孔内的凸起部 (215a), 所述凸起部 (215a) 套设于所述 C 轴 驱动轴 (211) 的外周并与所述 C轴驱动轴 (211)相连接, 所述凸起部(215a) 的外周与所述轴向阶梯安装孔的内壁之间设置有滚子轴承 (217)。
4. 根据权利要求 2所述的双摆头, 其特征在于, 所述 A轴驱动轴 (231) 贯穿所 述加工装置安装座(25),所述第二传动机构包括套设在所述 A轴驱动轴(231) 的第一端的传动法兰 (257), 所述传动法兰 (257) 与所述 A轴驱动轴 (231) 键连接, 所述传动法兰(257) 的朝向所述加工装置安装座(25) 的端面与所述 加工装置安装座 (25) 固定连接。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的双摆头, 其特征在于, 所述旋转台 (215)的下方设置有 A轴驱动装置安装座, 所述 A轴驱动装置(23)的外壳固定在所述 A轴驱动装 置安装座的外侧, 所述 A轴驱动轴 (231) 贯穿所述 A轴驱动装置安装座, 所
8
述传动法兰 (257) 设置于所述 A轴驱动装置安装座的第一侧壁 (233) 与所述 加工装置安装座 (25) 的第一侧壁之间。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的双摆头, 其特征在于, 所述 A轴驱动装置安装座的第二 侧壁(235) 的中部设置有与所述 A轴驱动轴 (231) 同轴的通孔, 所述 A轴驱 动轴 (231) 的第二端设置在所述通孔内, 所述 A轴驱动装置安装座的第二侧 壁(235)与所述加工装置安装座(25)的第二侧壁之间设置有固定在加工装置 安装座(25) 的第二侧壁上的支撑法兰(259), 所述支撑法兰(259)具有延伸 至所述通孔内并位于所述 A轴驱动轴 (231) 外周的支撑部, 所述支撑部的外 周与所述通孔的内壁之间设置有深沟球轴承 (258)。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的双摆头, 其特征在于, 所述 A轴驱动装置安装座还包括 底座, 所述第一侧壁 (233) 与所述底座一体成型, 所述 A轴驱动装置安装座 的第二侧壁 (235) 可拆卸地与所述底座相连。
8. 根据权利要求 1至 7中任一项所述的双摆头, 其特征在于, 所述 C轴驱动装置
(21) 和所述 A轴驱动装置 (23) 均为伺服电机。
9. 根据权利要求 1至 7中任一项所述的双摆头, 其特征在于, 所述加工装置安装 座 (25) 的上方设置有进气口, 所述加工装置安装座 (25) 的下方设置有出气 口, 所述进气口通过第一输气管 (41) 与冷却气体供给源 (40) 相连。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的双摆头, 其特征在于, 所述加工装置安装座 (25) 的下 方设置有加工装置, 所述加工装置的上方设置有朝向所述加工装置的吹气嘴
(43), 所述吹气嘴 (43) 通过第二输气管 (45) 与所述冷却气体供给源 (40) 的相连。
11. 一种五轴运动***, 包括 XYZ三轴运动单元, 其特征在于, 还包括权利要求 1 至 10中任一项所述的双摆头, 所述双摆头设置在所述 XYZ三轴运动单元中的 Z轴运动单元上。
12. 根据权利要求 11所述的五轴运动***, 其特征在于, 所述双摆头的所述 C轴 驱动装置 (21) 通过 C轴驱动装置安装座 (213) 固定在所述 Z轴运动单元中 的 Z轴运动滑块上。
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