WO2013038565A1 - インデキサブル式ドリルのドリル本体およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
インデキサブル式ドリルのドリル本体およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013038565A1 WO2013038565A1 PCT/JP2011/071276 JP2011071276W WO2013038565A1 WO 2013038565 A1 WO2013038565 A1 WO 2013038565A1 JP 2011071276 W JP2011071276 W JP 2011071276W WO 2013038565 A1 WO2013038565 A1 WO 2013038565A1
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- groove
- drill
- tip
- drill body
- twist
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
- B23P15/32—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools twist-drills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/04—Drills for trepanning
- B23B51/0486—Drills for trepanning with lubricating or cooling equipment
- B23B51/0493—Drills for trepanning with lubricating or cooling equipment with exchangeable cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/14—Configuration of the cutting part, i.e. the main cutting edges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/40—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves
- B23B2251/402—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves with increasing depth in a direction towards the shank from the tool tip
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/40—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves
- B23B2251/404—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves with decreasing depth in a direction towards the shank from the tool tip
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/40—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves
- B23B2251/408—Spiral grooves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/06—Drills with lubricating or cooling equipment
- B23B51/063—Deep hole drills, e.g. ejector drills
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
- Y10T408/89—Tool or Tool with support
- Y10T408/909—Having peripherally spaced cutting edges
- Y10T408/9095—Having peripherally spaced cutting edges with axially extending relief channel
- Y10T408/9097—Spiral channel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an indexable drill, and more particularly to a drill body that can obtain excellent chip discharging performance even in a deep hole drill having a groove length L of 4D or more with respect to a drill diameter D.
- a pair of first and second torsion grooves are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical drill body, and an inner blade tip for cutting the hole center side is attached to the tip of the first torsion groove.
- An outer blade tip for cutting the outer peripheral side of the hole is attached to the tip of the second twist groove, and the first twist groove and the second twist groove are formed while drilling is performed with the inner blade tip and the outer blade tip.
- An indexable drill that discharges chips to the shank side is known (see Patent Document 1).
- the present invention has been made against the background of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to further improve the chip discharging performance by the pair of twist grooves provided in the drill body of the indexable drill.
- a pair of first and second torsion grooves are provided on a cylindrical outer peripheral surface, and a hole center side is cut at the tip of the first torsion groove.
- An inner blade tip is attached, and an outer blade tip for cutting the outer peripheral side of the hole is attached to the tip of the second torsion groove, and drilling is performed with the inner blade tip and the outer blade tip.
- the first torsion groove and the second torsion groove are subjected to a hardening heat treatment and then a ball end mill. It is characterized by being mirror-finished by cutting.
- the surface roughness of the first torsion groove and the second torsion groove has an arithmetic average roughness Ra of 0.4 ⁇ m or less due to the mirror finish.
- the maximum height roughness Rz is 1.6 ⁇ m or less.
- the third invention is the drill body of the indexable drill of the first invention or the second invention.
- the first torsional groove has a positive slope in which the groove bottom diameter is constant in the axial direction or increases toward the shank side.
- the second twisted groove is provided with a negative gradient that becomes smaller as the groove bottom diameter moves toward the shank side in the axial direction.
- the groove bottom diameter means the diameter to the groove bottom centered on the axis of the drill body.
- a fourth invention is the drill main body of the indexable drill according to any one of the first to third inventions, wherein (a) the inner blade is disposed at the drill body front end side of the first torsion groove and the second torsion groove, respectively.
- a tip mounting recess cut out at a substantially right angle for mounting the tip and the outer blade tip is provided, and (b) at least on the side wall of the tip mounting recess on the side where the inner blade tip is mounted
- a chip breaker having a circular arc cross section is provided so as to reach the first twist groove from the tip of the drill body.
- a fifth invention is the drill body of the indexable drill according to any one of the first to fourth inventions, wherein the groove length L of the first torsion groove and the second torsion groove is the outer diameter of the outer blade tip. It is for deep hole machining of 4D or more with respect to the diameter D.
- a sixth invention is a method of manufacturing the drill body of the indexable drill according to any one of the first to fifth inventions, wherein (a) the first twist groove and the second twist groove are each cut by a ball end mill. (B) the heat treatment step for hardening heat treatment by quenching and tempering after the groove roughing step, and (c) the same as used in the groove roughening step after the heat treatment step. And a groove finishing step of mirror-finishing the first and second torsion grooves by cutting with a ball end mill with a machining allowance of 0.3 mm or less.
- the first torsion groove and the second torsion groove are mirror-finished by cutting with a ball end mill after being subjected to curing heat treatment, so that friction on the inner surface of the groove is reduced.
- chips are discharged well.
- wear, blade chipping, breakage, and the like due to chip clogging are suppressed, and durability (tool life) is improved.
- an increase in cutting resistance due to chip clogging is suppressed and stable drilling can be performed, and limit machining conditions capable of drilling are relaxed, and a workable region is expanded.
- the arithmetic average roughness Ra is 0.4 ⁇ m or less and the maximum height roughness Rz is 1.6 ⁇ m or less by mirror finishing, so that the groove inner surfaces of the first twist groove and the second twist groove are The improvement effect of chip discharge performance by friction reduction is obtained appropriately.
- the first torsional groove provided with the inner blade tip is provided with a positive slope in which the groove bottom diameter is constant in the axial direction or becomes larger toward the shank side.
- the groove bottom diameter In order to cut the peripheral side, it is necessary to make the groove bottom diameter small in the cutting edge part (the drill body tip part), and the chip bottom is discharged by making the groove bottom diameter constant or positive in the axial direction. A predetermined rigidity can be obtained while ensuring the performance.
- the second torsional groove provided with the outer blade tip is provided with a negative gradient that the groove bottom diameter decreases toward the shank side in the axial direction, but the outer blade tip cuts the outer peripheral side of the hole.
- the cutting edge (drill body tip) may have a shallow groove depth.
- a tip breaker having an arc-shaped cross section is provided at least on the side wall of the tip mounting recess to which the inner blade tip is mounted so as to reach the first twist groove from the tip of the drill body.
- the chip that has been cut can be satisfactorily divided, and the chip discharge performance is further improved. Thereby, for example, even when drilling is performed on a sticky work material, the chips are appropriately discharged when the chips are divided, and chip clogging is suppressed.
- 5th invention is related with the drill main body for deep hole processing whose groove length L is 4D or more with respect to the drill diameter D, and it becomes easy to generate
- the second twisted groove is mirror-finished after the curing heat treatment, whereby the chip discharge performance is improved, and various effects associated with the improvement of the chip discharge performance are more remarkably obtained.
- the sixth invention relates to a method of manufacturing the drill body of the indexable drill of the first invention to the fifth invention, and in addition to substantially the same effects as the first invention to the fifth invention, the groove finish In the process, cutting is performed with a machining allowance of 0.3 mm or less by the same ball end mill used in the groove roughing process, so that the groove inner surfaces of the first twist groove and the second twist groove can be appropriately mirror-finished.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a pair of torsion grooves of the indexable drill of FIG. 1 in a plane parallel to the axis S; It is a figure explaining the manufacturing process of the drill main body of the indexable drill of FIG. It is a figure explaining the groove
- the present invention is preferably applied to a drill body for deep hole processing with a groove length L of 4D or more with respect to the drill diameter D, particularly a drill body for deep hole processing with 5D or more, but the groove length L is less than 4D. It can also be applied to other drill bodies.
- the groove length L is a dimension (effective groove length) from the position immediately before the first torsion groove and the top end of the drill body to the top end of the drill body, and the groove length L of the first torsion groove and the second torsion groove is If they are different, the groove length L in the short direction may be adopted.
- the twist directions of these first and second twist grooves are determined according to the direction of drill rotation so that chips generated by the inner blade tip and the outer blade tip are discharged to the shank side.
- the screw when the hole is drilled by being driven to rotate clockwise as viewed from the shank side, the screw is turned to the right when the hole is machined by being rotated counterclockwise.
- a steel material that can be hardened and heat-treated by quenching such as high-speed tool steel, alloy tool steel, or carbon tool steel is used.
- the ball end mill for mirror finishing after the hardening heat treatment is preferably made of a super hard tool material such as a cemented carbide or ceramic.
- the inner blade tip and the outer blade tip correspond to the throw-away tip specified in JIS and are disposable without being reground, but can be reground and reused. These tips are detachably attached to the drill body by screws, for example, but other clamping means and fixing means can also be adopted.
- a superhard tool material such as a cemented carbide or ceramic is preferably used, but high-speed tool steel or the like can also be adopted.
- Mirror finish with a ball end mill is performed with a machining allowance of, for example, 0.3 mm or less.
- This machining allowance is appropriately determined in consideration of distortion due to hardening heat treatment, drill diameter, etc., and with a machining allowance of 0.25 mm or less.
- it is desirable to perform cutting it is also possible to perform cutting with a machining allowance exceeding 0.3 mm.
- Separate ball end mills having different tool diameters can be used for the first and second twist grooves, but if the groove widths are equal, a common ball end mill having the same tool diameter can also be used. is there.
- the arithmetic average roughness Ra is 0.4 ⁇ m or less and the maximum height roughness Rz is 1.6 ⁇ m or less by mirror finishing, but the arithmetic average roughness Ra is 0.3 ⁇ m or less and the maximum height It is further desirable that the roughness Rz be 1.5 ⁇ m or less. If necessary, it is also possible to perform an aero lapping or other polishing process or a surface treatment such as plating.
- the arithmetic average roughness Ra and the maximum height roughness Rz are determined from a roughness curve measured by a stylus method in accordance with JIS “B0601 (2001 revision)”.
- the groove bottom diameter of the first torsion groove is constant in the axial direction or the groove bottom has a positive gradient
- the groove bottom of the second torsion groove has a negative gradient in the axial direction.
- both can be provided with a constant groove bottom diameter in the axial direction, or can be inclined with the same gradient.
- the first twist groove of the third invention is provided with an axial gradient within a range of, for example, about 0 ° to + 0.6 °
- the second twist groove is within a range of, for example, about ⁇ 0.2 ° to ⁇ 1 °.
- This axial gradient is preferably constant over the entire length of the torsional groove, but may vary slightly, gradually decrease or increase.
- a chip breaker can be provided on the side wall of the chip mounting recess to which the inner blade tip is mounted, and a chip breaker can be provided on the side wall of the chip mounting recess to which the outer blade chip is mounted.
- the chip breaker is preferably formed by a ball end mill or the like so as to have an arcuate cross section with a radius of about 7 mm or less, and is preferably provided with a depth of about 1 mm or more.
- the chip mounting recess is provided so as to be connected to the torsion groove by side processing so that the chip mounting seat surface is formed with the bottom blade by a square end mill and the side wall is formed with the outer peripheral blade.
- a recessed chip mounting seat is provided on the chip mounting seat surface, and the chip is positioned and fixed by screws or the like.
- the sixth invention is an example of a manufacturing method that can suitably manufacture the drill body according to the first to fifth inventions.
- cutting is performed using the same ball end mill.
- cutting may be performed using different ball end mills in the groove roughing step and the groove finishing step.
- the groove finishing process of the sixth invention for example, the ball end mill is deeply inserted into the tip end side in the axial direction by a predetermined allowance as compared with the groove roughing process, and cutting is performed. 0.3 mm or less. In that case, the machining allowance decreases as the distance from the tip of the ball end mill increases.
- high speed cutting with a cutting speed of 40 m / min or more is desirable.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of an indexable drill 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention as viewed from a direction perpendicular to the axis S
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged bottom view as viewed from the tip side (right side of FIG. 1).
- FIG. 3 and FIG. 3 are enlarged perspective views showing the tip portion.
- the indexable drill 10 is used by attaching a pair of inner blade tip 14 and outer blade tip 16 to the distal end portion of a cylindrical drill body 12 so as to be detachable and integrated with mounting screws 18 and 19, respectively.
- the inner blade tip 14 cuts the hole center side and is attached in the vicinity of the axis S of the drill body 12, and the outer blade tip 16 cuts the hole outer periphery side and is attached to the outer periphery side of the drill body 12.
- the inner cutter tip 14 and the outer cutter tip 16 are formed of a cemented carbide in a square flat plate shape, and are cut in an overlapping manner in the radial direction centered on the axis S.
- the inner blade tip 14 and the outer blade tip 16 are attached so as to slightly protrude toward the distal end side of the drill body 12, and a cutting blade is provided at the protruding portion to perform drilling.
- the drill body 12 is made of a tool steel such as SKD61 (about HRC55) [alloy tool steel according to JIS], and a shank 22 provided with a flat notch 20 and a pair of first on the outer peripheral surface.
- a body 28 provided with a twisted groove 24 and a second twisted groove 26 is integrally provided on a common axis S.
- the first twist groove 24 and the second twist groove 26 are right-hand twists, and the twist angle is about 16 ° in the present embodiment, and the inner blades are rotated clockwise when viewed from the shank 22 side. Drilling is performed by the tip 14 and the outer blade tip 16, and chips generated by the inner blade tip 14 and the outer blade tip 16 pass through the first twist groove 24 and the second twist groove 26, respectively. It is discharged to the shank 22 side.
- the first torsion grooves 24 and the second torsion grooves 26 are provided by cutting with ball end mills 30 and 32 as shown in FIG.
- the ball end mills 30 and 32 are cut in a direction offset by a predetermined dimension from the axis S in a plane perpendicular to the axis S, and are relatively moved in the direction of the axis S in this state.
- the first torsion groove 24 and the second torsion groove 26 are provided at predetermined torsion angles, respectively.
- the ball end mills 30 and 32 are both cut into the body 28, but may be cut separately.
- the first torsion groove 24 and the second torsion groove 26 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the body 28 while leaving the front end portion of the body 28 by a predetermined dimension, and the front end portion has a common square end mill as shown in FIG. 34 is used to provide chip mounting recesses 36, 38.
- the chip mounting recesses 36 and 38 were cut and removed at substantially right angles by side processing so that the chip mounting seat surfaces 36a and 38a were formed by the bottom blade of the square end mill 34 and the side walls 36b and 38b were formed by the outer peripheral blade. It is provided so as to be connected to the first twist groove 24 and the second twist groove 26, respectively.
- the chip mounting seat surfaces 36a and 38a are respectively provided with recesses (chip mounting seats), and are fixed integrally by mounting screws 18 and 19 in a state where the inner blade chip 14 and the outer blade chip 16 are embedded and positioned.
- FIG. 8 shows a state in which the pair of chip mounting recesses 36 and 38 are simultaneously machined by the square end mill 34, they are cut separately.
- the groove length L of the first torsion groove 24 and the second torsion groove 26, that is, the dimension from the position immediately before rounding up on the shank 22 side (the axial center position of the end mills 30 and 32 at the groove end) to the tip of the body 28 (effective groove length) are equal to each other, and are formed with a length of 4D or more with respect to the drill diameter D which is the outer diameter of the outer blade tip 16.
- the drill diameter D 25 mm
- deep hole machining up to 5D is possible.
- the diameter of the body 28 is slightly smaller than the drill diameter D and is about 24 mm.
- the ball end mill 30 for cutting the first twist groove 24 has a tool diameter of 12 mm (tip R is 6 mm), and the ball end mill 32 has a tool diameter of 11 mm (tip R is 5.5 mm).
- the first torsion groove 24 on the side where 14 is provided has a larger groove width than the second torsion groove 26 and is provided so as to reach the vicinity of the axis S.
- the tool diameters of the ball end mills 30 and 32 may be the same. That is, the groove widths of the first twist groove 24 and the second twist groove 26 may be the same.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining axial changes in the groove bottom diameters of the first and second torsion grooves 24 and 26, and these torsion grooves 24 and 26 are shown in a plane parallel to the axis S. Is.
- the direction in which the groove bottom diameter increases toward the shank 22 is positive, the groove bottom of the first twisted groove 24 is provided with a constant or positive gradient in the axial direction, and the groove bottom of the second twisted groove 26 is negatively inclined. Is provided.
- the axial change gradient (axial gradient) ⁇ 1 of the groove bottom of the first twisted groove 24 is set to a constant value within the range of 0 ° to + 0.6 °
- the change gradient (axial gradient) ⁇ 2 in the axial direction of the groove bottom 26 is set to a constant value within the range of ⁇ 0.2 ° to ⁇ 1 °.
- These axial gradients ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 can be provided by gradually changing the cutting depth of the ball end mills 30 and 32 shown in FIG.
- the axial gradients ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are preferably constant over the entire length of the torsion grooves 24 and 26, but may vary somewhat.
- the inner blade tip 14 cuts the inner peripheral side of the hole, it is necessary to reduce the groove bottom diameter of the first torsion groove 24 at the cutting edge portion, that is, the tip portion of the drill body 12.
- the axial gradient ⁇ 1 within the range of 0 ° to + 0.6 °, a predetermined rigidity can be obtained while ensuring chip discharge performance.
- the outer cutter tip 16 cuts the outer peripheral side of the hole, the depth of the second torsion groove 26 may be shallow at the cutting edge portion, that is, the tip portion of the drill body 12, and it is high by increasing the groove bottom diameter.
- the axial gradient ⁇ 2 of the groove bottom is set to a negative gradient in the range of ⁇ 0.2 ° to ⁇ 1 °, the groove cross-sectional area increases toward the shank 22 side and the chip is high. Discharge performance is obtained.
- the axial gradients ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, the groove width, and the groove depth of the first torsion groove 24 and the second torsion groove 26 are appropriately determined as described above, so that the inner blade tip 14 and the outer blade tip 16 The discharge performance of each of the generated chips and the rigidity of the drill main body 12 can be ensured with a good balance.
- the first twist groove 24 and the second twist groove 26 are a heat treatment for roughing a groove by cutting with the ball end mills 30 and 32 and a hardening heat treatment by quenching and tempering. It is formed in two steps including a groove finishing step after the step.
- the groove finishing process using the same ball end mills 30 and 32 used in the groove roughing process, the first twisted groove 24 and the second twisted groove 26 are mirror-finished by cutting with a machining allowance of 0.3 mm or less. .
- the machining allowance in the grooving process is appropriately determined in consideration of distortion caused by hardening heat treatment, drill diameter D, etc.
- the machining is performed so that the machining allowance at the tip of the ball end mills 30 and 32 is about 0.2 mm. Processing was performed.
- the inner surface of the first twist groove 24 and the second twist groove 26 has an arithmetic average roughness Ra of 0.4 ⁇ m or less and a maximum height roughness Rz of 1.6 ⁇ m or less.
- Mirror finish As described above, the first torsion groove 24 and the second torsion groove 26 are mirror-finished, so that the friction on the inner surface of the groove is reduced and chips are discharged well.
- FIG. 7 shows the processing conditions of cutting by the ball end mills 30 and 32 in the groove roughing step and the groove finishing step for each of the first twist groove 24 on the inner blade side and the second twist groove 26 on the outer blade side.
- the machining allowance 0.2 mm
- high-speed cutting with a cutting speed of 50 m / min is possible, whereby the inner surface of the groove is suitably mirror-finished.
- “Rough” in the “Processing type” column of FIG. 7 means a groove roughing step
- “Finish” means a groove finishing step.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a comparison of roughness curves obtained by measuring the surface roughness of the inner surface of the torsion groove by the stylus method on the same scale in the product of the present invention and the conventional product.
- the product of the present invention has been subjected to electroless Ni (nickel) plating after the groove finishing step, and the conventional product is the same in that it is subjected to a curing heat treatment after cutting the twisted groove, but after the heat treatment, Electroless Ni plating is performed without finishing.
- the arithmetic average roughness Ra and the maximum height roughness Rz were determined in accordance with the provisions of “B 0601 (2001 revision)” of JIS.
- Ra 0.295 ⁇ m in the present invention product.
- Rz 1.266 ⁇ m
- an oil hole 40 is provided in the axial center S of the drill body 12 from the rear end, and is branched in a Y shape near the tip, and the tip flank as shown in FIG. 2.
- Lubricating oil can be supplied (internally supplied) from the openings 42 and 44 provided in.
- tip breakers 46 and 48 having arcuate cross-sections are respectively formed on the side walls 36b and 38b of the tip mounting recesses 36 and 38 from the tip of the drill body 12 in the first twist. It is provided substantially parallel to the axis S so as to reach the groove 24 and the second twisted groove 26.
- the chip breakers 46 and 48 are provided on the side walls 36b and 38b in this way, the chips generated by the inner blade tip 14 and the outer blade chip 16 are favorably divided by the chip breakers 46 and 48. The waste discharge performance is further improved.
- FIG. 5 is a process diagram for explaining an example of a manufacturing method of such a drill body 12, and after the groove roughing process by the ball end mills 30 and 32, the chip seat is finished by using the square end mill 34 or the like. To do. In this chip seat finishing process, the chip mounting recesses 36 and 38 are cut using the square end mill 34, and then the chip mounting recess (chip mounting seat) is cut and the chip breaker is used using a ball end mill. 46 and 48 are cut. Further, after providing the oil hole 40 by drilling on the axis S from the rear end of the drill body 12, a hardening heat treatment is performed by quenching and tempering, and the hardness of the drill body 12 is increased by this hardening heat treatment. About HRC55.
- the first twisted groove 24 and the second twisted groove 26 are mirror-finished in the groove finishing process by the same ball end mills 30 and 32 used in the groove roughing process. Thereafter, electroless Ni plating is applied to the entire circumference of the drill body 12 including the groove inner surfaces of the first twist groove 24 and the second twist groove 26.
- the first torsion groove 24 and the second torsion groove 26 of the drill body 12 are mirror-finished by cutting by the ball end mills 30 and 32 after being subjected to curing heat treatment. Therefore, the friction on the inner surface of the groove is reduced and the chips are discharged well. Thereby, also in the indexable drill 10 for deep hole processing with a long groove length L, wear, blade chipping, breakage, and the like due to chip clogging are suppressed, and durability (tool life) is improved. In addition, an increase in cutting resistance due to chip clogging is suppressed and stable drilling can be performed, and limit machining conditions capable of drilling are relaxed, and a workable region is expanded.
- the groove inner surfaces of the first twisted groove 24 and the second twisted groove 26 are mirror-finished so that the arithmetic average roughness Ra is 0.4 ⁇ m or less and the maximum height roughness Rz is 1.6 ⁇ m or less. Therefore, the improvement effect of the chip
- the axial gradient ⁇ 1 of the groove bottom of the first twisted groove 24 and the axial gradient ⁇ 2 of the groove bottom of the second twisted groove 26 are appropriately set separately, and the axial direction of the first twisted groove 24 is set.
- the gradient ⁇ 1 is set to a constant value within the range of 0 ° to + 0.6 °
- the axial gradient ⁇ 2 of the second torsion groove 26 is set to a constant value within the range of ⁇ 0.2 ° to ⁇ 1 °.
- the chip breakers 46 and 48 having a circular arc shape in the side walls 36 b and 38 b of the chip mounting recesses 36 and 38 reach the first twist groove 24 and the second twist groove 26 from the tip of the drill body 12. Therefore, the chips generated by the inner blade tip 14 and the outer blade tip 16 are favorably divided, and the chip discharging performance is further improved. Thereby, for example, even when drilling is performed on a sticky work material, the chips are appropriately discharged when the chips are divided, and chip clogging is suppressed.
- the indexable drill 10 of the present embodiment is for deep hole machining in which the groove length L is 4D or more with respect to the drill diameter D, and the longer the groove length L, the more likely to be clogged with chips.
- the groove 24 and the second twisted groove 26 are mirror-finished after the hardening heat treatment, and the axial gradient ⁇ 1 of the groove bottom of the first twisted groove 24 and the axial gradient ⁇ 2 of the groove bottom of the second twisted groove 26 are set separately.
- the chip breakers 46 and 48 on the side walls 36b and 38b of the chip mounting recesses 36 and 38, it is possible to obtain excellent chip discharging performance while ensuring the rigidity of the drill body 12. Various effects accompanying the improvement of the waste discharging performance can be obtained more remarkably.
- the first twist groove 24 and the second twist groove are used.
- the inner surface of the groove 26 can be appropriately mirror-finished.
- the high speed cutting is performed at a cutting speed of 50 m / min, the inner surface of the groove is more preferably mirror-finished.
- FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 show the measurement results of measuring the cutting resistance by drilling under the following processing conditions using the product of the present invention and the conventional product
- FIG. 10 is the product of the present invention
- FIG. 11 is the conventional product.
- the product of the present invention is the indexable drill 10 of the above embodiment.
- the conventional product is obtained by performing a surface treatment (electroless Ni plating) without performing a mirror finish by a finishing process after a curing heat treatment.
- the axial gradient ⁇ 1 of the groove bottom of the first torsion groove 24 and the second torsion groove 26, the axial gradient ⁇ 2 of the groove bottom is 0 °, and the chip breakers 46 and 48 are not provided.
- the work material “S50C” under the following processing conditions is carbon steel for machine structure according to JIS regulations. "Processing conditions" Hole diameter: ⁇ 25 Processing depth: 50mm Work material: S50C Cutting speed V: 180 m / min Feed rate F: 0.18mm / rev Processing machine: Horizontal machining center Cutting oil: Water-soluble cutting fluid (internal lubrication)
- FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 are diagrams for explaining the results of examining the durability by drilling a plurality of types of work materials using the product of the present invention and the conventional product, and FIG. 12 shows a plurality of types of work materials.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the processing conditions for each, and FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the durability test results for each of a plurality of types of work materials.
- the product of the present invention and the conventional product are the same as those used in the tests of FIGS.
- the machining conditions other than the cutting speed and the feeding speed shown in FIG. 12 are as follows, regardless of the type of work material, and the number of machining holes until the wear width of the cutting edge reaches 0.3 mm. Examined.
- SUS304 and SCM440 of the work material in FIG. 12 are both in accordance with JIS regulations, “SUS304” is stainless steel, and “SCM440” is chromium molybdenum steel. "Processing conditions" Hole diameter: ⁇ 25 Processing depth: 125mm Processing machine: Horizontal machining center Cutting oil: Water-soluble cutting fluid (internal lubrication)
- the durability of the product of the present invention is significantly improved compared to the conventional product for any work material. Specifically, the durability of SUS304 and SCM440 was improved by about 45%, and the durability of S50C was improved by about 30%.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing another test result obtained by performing a durability test using the product of the present invention and the conventional product.
- the surface treatment electroless Ni plating
- the axial gradient ⁇ 1 of the groove bottom of the first twisted groove 24 and the axial gradient ⁇ 2 of the groove bottom of the second twisted groove 26 are both 0 °
- the chip breakers 46 and 48 are What was not provided was prepared as a product of the present invention.
- the conventional product is the same as that used in the test shown in FIG.
- the surface treatment (electroless Ni plating) is performed without performing the mirror finish by the finishing process after the curing heat treatment.
- the axial gradient ⁇ 1 at the groove bottom 24 and the axial gradient ⁇ 2 at the groove bottom of the second twisted groove 26 are both 0 °, and the chip breakers 46 and 48 are not provided. Then, drilling was performed under the following processing conditions, and the cutting distance (the number of processing holes ⁇ processing depth) until the wear width of the cutting edge reached 0.3 mm or processing became impossible was examined.
- the durability was improved by about 70% compared to the conventional product.
- the conventional product cannot be processed due to chipping of the outer blade tip 16, and it is considered that the biting of chips is the cause.
- the product of the present invention was able to continue drilling until the wear width of the cutting edge reached 0.3 mm.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の一実施例であるインデキサブル式ドリル10を軸心Sと直角方向から見た平面図で、図2は先端側(図1の右側)から見て拡大して示す拡大底面図、図3は先端部分を拡大して示す斜視図である。このインデキサブル式ドリル10は、円柱形状のドリル本体12の先端部に一対の内刃チップ14および外刃チップ16をそれぞれ取付ねじ18、19により着脱可能に一体的に取り付けて使用される。内刃チップ14は穴中心側を切削加工するものでドリル本体12の軸心Sの近傍に取り付けられ、外刃チップ16は穴外周側を切削加工するものでドリル本体12の外周側に取り付けられる。これ等の内刃チップ14および外刃チップ16は、超硬合金にて正方形の平板形状に形成されているとともに、軸心Sを中心とする径方向においてオーバーラップして切削加工を行うように切れ刃寸法(正方形の1辺の長さ寸法)が定められている。本実施例ではドリル径D=25mmで、内刃チップ14および外刃チップ16の1辺の長さは8mmである。そして、それ等の内刃チップ14および外刃チップ16は、それぞれドリル本体12の先端側へ僅かに突き出すように取り付けられ、その突出部分に切れ刃が設けられて穴明け加工を行う。
《加工条件》
加工穴径:φ25
加工深さ:50mm
被削材:S50C
切削速度V:180m/min
送り速度F:0.18mm/rev
加工機:横型マシニングセンタ
切削油:水溶性切削油剤(内部給油)
《加工条件》
加工穴径:φ25
加工深さ:125mm
加工機:横型マシニングセンタ
切削油:水溶性切削油剤(内部給油)
《加工条件》
加工穴径:φ25
加工深さ:125mm
被削材:S50C
切削速度V:150m/min
送り速度F:0.18mm/rev
加工機:横型マシニングセンタ
切削油:水溶性切削油剤(内部給油)
Claims (6)
- 円柱形状の外周面に一対の第1ねじれ溝および第2ねじれ溝が設けられ、該第1ねじれ溝の先端部には穴中心側を切削加工する内刃チップが取り付けられるとともに、該第2ねじれ溝の先端部には穴外周側を切削加工する外刃チップが取り付けられ、該内刃チップおよび該外刃チップにより穴明け加工を行いながら該第1ねじれ溝および該第2ねじれ溝を経てシャンク側へ切り屑を排出するインデキサブル式ドリルのドリル本体において、
前記第1ねじれ溝および前記第2ねじれ溝は、硬化熱処理が施された後にボールエンドミルによる切削加工で鏡面仕上げされている
ことを特徴とするインデキサブル式ドリルのドリル本体。 - 前記第1ねじれ溝および前記第2ねじれ溝の表面粗さは、前記鏡面仕上げにより算術平均粗さRaが0.4μm以下で且つ最大高さ粗さRzが1.6μm以下とされている
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のインデキサブル式ドリルのドリル本体。 - 前記第1ねじれ溝は、溝底径が軸方向において一定またはシャンク側へ向かうに従って大きくなる正勾配で設けられており、
前記第2ねじれ溝は、溝底径が軸方向においてシャンク側へ向かうに従って小さくなる負勾配で設けられている
ことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のインデキサブル式ドリルのドリル本体。 - 前記第1ねじれ溝および前記第2ねじれ溝のドリル本体先端側には、それぞれ前記内刃チップおよび前記外刃チップを取り付けるために略直角に切り欠かれたチップ取付凹所が設けられているとともに、
少なくとも該内刃チップが取り付けられる側の前記チップ取付凹所の側壁には、断面円弧形状のチップブレーカーが前記ドリル本体の先端から前記第1ねじれ溝に達するように設けられている
ことを特徴とする請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載のインデキサブル式ドリルのドリル本体。 - 前記第1ねじれ溝および前記第2ねじれ溝の溝長Lが前記外刃チップの外径であるドリル径Dに対して4D以上の深穴加工用である
ことを特徴とする請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載のインデキサブル式ドリルのドリル本体。 - 請求項1~5の何れか1項に記載のインデキサブル式ドリルのドリル本体の製造方法であって、
前記第1ねじれ溝および前記第2ねじれ溝をそれぞれボールエンドミルによる切削加工で粗取りする溝粗取り工程と、
該溝粗取り工程の後に焼入れおよび焼戻しによる硬化熱処理を行う熱処理工程と、
該熱処理工程の後に、前記溝粗取り工程で用いた同じボールエンドミルにより0.3mm以下の取り代で切削加工を行って前記第1ねじれ溝および前記第2ねじれ溝を鏡面仕上げする溝仕上げ工程と、
を有することを特徴とするインデキサブル式ドリルのドリル本体の製造方法。
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EP11872317.0A EP2756901B1 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2011-09-16 | Drill body of indexable drill |
KR1020147009426A KR101617972B1 (ko) | 2011-09-16 | 2011-09-16 | 인덱서블식 드릴의 드릴 본체 |
US14/344,449 US9446457B2 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2011-09-16 | Drill body of indexable drill |
PCT/JP2011/071276 WO2013038565A1 (ja) | 2011-09-16 | 2011-09-16 | インデキサブル式ドリルのドリル本体およびその製造方法 |
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CN104191001A (zh) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-12-10 | 常州西利合金工具有限公司 | 一种钻头 |
US20160052072A1 (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2016-02-25 | Kennametal lnc. | Asymmetric end mills and applications thereof |
DE102016207898A1 (de) | 2016-05-09 | 2017-11-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Vorbehandlung, Verfahren zur additiven Herstellung eines Bauteils und Vorrichtung |
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