WO2013037198A1 - 一种柱塞水泵及其液控*** - Google Patents

一种柱塞水泵及其液控*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013037198A1
WO2013037198A1 PCT/CN2012/071111 CN2012071111W WO2013037198A1 WO 2013037198 A1 WO2013037198 A1 WO 2013037198A1 CN 2012071111 W CN2012071111 W CN 2012071111W WO 2013037198 A1 WO2013037198 A1 WO 2013037198A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
oil
water
valve
plunger
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PCT/CN2012/071111
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
史先信
冯瑜
徐小东
赵阳光
Original Assignee
徐州重型机械有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 徐州重型机械有限公司 filed Critical 徐州重型机械有限公司
Priority to RU2014113204/06A priority Critical patent/RU2579540C2/ru
Priority to BR112014005904A priority patent/BR112014005904A2/pt
Priority to AU2012308005A priority patent/AU2012308005A1/en
Publication of WO2013037198A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013037198A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B23/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04B23/04—Combinations of two or more pumps
    • F04B23/06—Combinations of two or more pumps the pumps being all of reciprocating positive-displacement type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
    • F04B9/10—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
    • F04B9/109—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers
    • F04B9/117—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers the pumping members not being mechanically connected to each other
    • F04B9/1172—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers the pumping members not being mechanically connected to each other the movement of each pump piston in the two directions being obtained by a double-acting piston liquid motor

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a plunger water pump and a liquid control system thereof.
  • the application is filed on September 14, 2011, the Chinese Patent Office, the application number is 201110272366.0, and the invention name is "a plunger pump and its liquid control system". Priority is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • the invention relates to engineering machinery technology, in particular to a plunger water pump and a liquid control system thereof. Background technique
  • the fire pump used for water supply mainly has two types of centrifugal water pump and plunger water pump; due to its own structure limitation, the two can only send water to a height of about 100 meters, which occurs in a super high-rise building. After the fire, due to insufficient water supply pressure and flow, the water source cannot be effectively transported in time, so that the fire cannot be controlled, which often results in very large loss of life and property.
  • the centrifugal water pump has leakage and backflow problems during the working process.
  • the technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a plunger water pump to reliably increase the output pressure and flow rate of the water pump to meet the fire fighting requirements of super high-rise buildings.
  • the present invention also provides a hydraulic control system for the plunger water pump.
  • the plunger water pump provided by the invention comprises two plunger groups consisting of a water cylinder and a cylinder, the water cylinder piston of each plunger group is synchronously displaced with the cylinder piston, and is connected with the nozzle of each cylinder cylinder.
  • a water tank is further included, and the two water tanks are built in the water tank.
  • a through hole communicating with the water tank is opened on a side wall of the cylinder bore of the outer end of the rod chamber having the rod chamber.
  • the external water outlet is located at the end of the water outlet pipe that communicates with the two outlet water one-way valves.
  • the hydraulic control system of the plunger water pump provided by the present invention comprises a pressure oil circuit and a return oil circuit, and the control valve is configured to have two working positions: in the first working position, the pressure oil path and the first The rodless cavity of the oil cylinder and the rod cavity of the second oil cylinder are connected, and the oil return oil passage is connected with the rod cavity of the first oil cylinder and the rodless cavity of the second oil cylinder; in the second working position, the pressure oil passage and the first oil cylinder The rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the second cylinder communicate with each other, and the return oil passage communicates with the rodless chamber of the first cylinder and the rod chamber of the second cylinder.
  • the control valve is specifically: a first hydraulic directional valve disposed between the two chambers of the first cylinder and the pressure oil passage and the return oil passage, and two chambers and a pressure oil passage disposed in the second cylinder And a second hydraulic directional valve between the oil returning passage; and, the two cylinders are provided with a receiving oil port communicating with the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel, and the receiving oil port is located between the end of the rodless cavity
  • the distance from the cylinder bore of the first cylinder is connected to the control port of the first pilot directional valve and the second pilot directional valve to drive the first
  • the hydraulic directional valve and the second hydraulic directional valve are respectively located at the first working position and the second working position, and the control oil port of the second cylinder and the control of the first hydraulic directional valve and the second hydraulic directional valve
  • the oil port is connected to drive the first hydraulic directional valve and the second hydraulic directional valve respectively at the second working position and the first working position.
  • the method further comprises two receiving valves respectively disposed between the two oil cylinders and the corresponding hydraulic directional valve, the oil inlet of each of the receiving valves is connected with the corresponding oil port of the corresponding oil rainbow, the pressure balance oil port and the corresponding oil cylinder
  • the oil port of the rod cavity is connected, and the oil outlet is connected with the control oil port of the corresponding hydraulic directional valve.
  • the bottoms of the cylinders of the two cylinders are provided with a buffer bypass that is unidirectionally guided in the retracting direction of the piston, and the oil outlet of the buffer bypass communicates with the inner cavity of the cylinder through the bottom of the cylinder cylinder.
  • the oil inlet of the buffer bypass communicates with the cylinder bore through a side wall of the cylinder at a distance from the bottom of the cylinder that is greater than the length of the cylinder piston.
  • the pressure oil passing through the first hydraulic directional valve and the first oil rainbow is routed to the first pump for oil supply, and the pressure oil connected to the second oil cylinder via the second hydraulic directional valve is routed to the second pump. Oil; and, an overflow valve is provided between the outlet of the two pumps and the return oil passage.
  • the overflow is specifically an electrically controlled relief valve.
  • the plunger water pump provided by the invention comprises two plunger groups consisting of a water cylinder and a cylinder, and the water cylinder piston of each plunger group is synchronously displaced with the cylinder piston, that is, the hydraulically controlled double plunger pump;
  • the nozzles of the cylinder are connected with a water inlet check valve that is single-passed from the outside to the cylinder bore, and the water outlet is unidirectionally wide from the cylinder bore to the external water outlet, and the two cylinders are configured to Alternately expand and contract under the control of the control valve.
  • the invention breaks through the structural principle of the traditional water pump, and adopts two oil cylinders to alternately advance and retreat, thereby driving the two water cylinder pistons to alternately operate, thereby respectively realizing the switching of the two working states:
  • First The water inlet connected to the nozzle of the first cylinder cylinder is unidirectionally wide and non-conducting, and the water outlet is unidirectionally wide-conducting, and the inlet water communicating with the nozzle of the second cylinder cylinder is unidirectionally wide-conducting and the water outlet is one-way wide.
  • the first cylinder cylinder drains and the second cylinder cylinder absorbs water.
  • the inlet water communicating with the nozzle of the first cylinder cylinder is unidirectionally wide-conducting
  • the outlet water is unidirectionally wide and non-conducting
  • the inlet water communicating with the nozzle of the second cylinder cylinder is unidirectionally wide and non-conducting
  • the outlet check valve is turned on; in this state, the first water rainbow tube absorbs water, and the second water rainbow tube drains.
  • the water cylinder piston and the cylinder cylinder of the invention can have an actual and reliable sealing structure, which can effectively prevent internal leakage; therefore, the present invention can effectively improve the output flow on the basis of continuous intermittent water supply by the above-mentioned structural optimization design.
  • water pressure, through production test this program can fully meet the requirements of super high-rise building fire extinguishing water pressure 8.0MPa and output flow rate 40L / S.
  • a through hole communicating with the water tank is opened on the side wall of the cylinder bore of the outer end of the rod chamber of the water cylinder, and on the one hand, the through hole can be used to balance the movement of the piston of the water cylinder
  • the cylinder of the water cylinder has a pressure generated by the volume change in the rod cavity, that is, when the cylinder piston advances in the cylinder barrel, the cylinder piston has a volume on the rod chamber side to generate a vacuum, and the external water enters through the through hole; Conversely, when the cylinder piston retreats within the cylinder, the cylinder piston has a smaller volume on the rod chamber side to generate pressure, and water is forced out from the through hole.
  • water can enter and exit from the through hole, thereby cooling the cylinder piston rod connected to the water rainbow piston, and the piston rod can cool the hydraulic oil, thereby effectively controlling the heat dissipation of the hydraulic system.
  • both cylinders are provided with a receiving oil port communicating with the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel, and the receiving oil port is configured to be rodless at a time when the corresponding oil rainbow is completely extended.
  • the cavity side of the first hydraulic directional valve is connected with the oil receiving port of the first hydraulic cylinder, and the control oil port of the second hydraulic directional valve is connected with the second oil red receiving oil port.
  • the take-off valve is disposed between the corresponding fetching port and the control valve, which can further improve the working reliability of the hydraulic reversing; meanwhile, when the cylinder piston is close to the extended limit position, the pressure-free oil of the rod-free cavity can pass through the fetching valve One-way flow to the rod cavity, thereby avoiding the impact of the protruding terminal, affecting the stability of the system work.
  • the plunger water pump and the liquid control system provided by the invention are suitable for any fire fighting equipment and system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the plunger water pump in a specific embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cylinder cylinder of the specific embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the plunger pump hydraulic control system in a specific embodiment.
  • the second water outlet check valve 24 the water tank 3, the water outlet pipe 4, the first hydraulic control directional valve 51, the second hydraulic control directional valve 52, the first fetch valve 61, the second fetch valve 62, the first pump 71, The second pump 72, the first relief valve 81, the second relief valve 82, and the through hole 9.
  • the core of the invention is to provide a structurally optimized hydraulically controlled double-plunger water pump, comprising two plunger groups consisting of a water cylinder and a cylinder, the cylinder piston of each plunger group being synchronously displaced with the cylinder piston, and each The water inlets of the cylinders of the water cylinders are respectively provided with a water inlet check valve which is single-passed from the outside to the inner cavity of the cylinder cylinder, and a water outlet check valve which is single-passed from the cylinder inner chamber to the external water outlet; two of the oil cylinders It is configured to alternately expand and contract under the control of the control valve.
  • the invention can reliably improve the output pressure and flow rate of the water pump, thereby meeting the demand for fire extinguishing of super high-rise buildings.
  • the first plunger group 1 is composed of a first water cylinder 11 and a first cylinder 12
  • the second plunger group 2 is composed of a second water cylinder 21 and a second cylinder 22.
  • the projecting ends of the cylinder rods of the two cylinders are connected to the corresponding cylinder pistons to achieve simultaneous displacement of the cylinder piston and the cylinder piston of each plunger group.
  • the water tank and the oil cylinder can be arranged coaxially as shown in the figure, or can be arranged substantially in parallel. Obviously, the structure of the coaxial arrangement is relatively simple, and the energy transmission efficiency is the best, so it is the optimal solution. .
  • a first water inlet check valve 13 is disposed in communication with the nozzle of the first cylinder cylinder 111 to realize a single conduction from the outside to the cylinder chamber; and at the same time, a nozzle is connected to the nozzle of the first cylinder cylinder 111.
  • the first water outlet check valve 14 is unidirectionally guided from the cylinder bore to the external water outlet.
  • a second water inlet check valve 23 is disposed in communication with the nozzle of the second cylinder cylinder 211 to achieve a single conduction from the outside to the cylinder bore; and at the same time, communicate with the nozzle of the second cylinder cylinder 211
  • a second outlet check valve 24 is provided to achieve a single conduction from the cylinder bore to the external outlet.
  • the two cylinder pistons are alternately telescoped under the driving of the two cylinder pistons.
  • the external water outlet is located at the end of the outlet pipe 4 that communicates with the two outlet check valves for communication with the water line.
  • the specific operation process is: controlling the rodless cavity of the first cylinder 12 to enter the oil, and returning the oil to the rod cavity, and at the same time, the second oil rainbow 22 has the rod cavity oil inlet and the rodless cavity oil return; in this state, the first advance The water check valve 13 is non-conducting, the first water outlet is unidirectionally wide 14 and the first water tank 11 is drained, the second water inlet check valve 23 is turned on, and the second water outlet is unidirectionally wide 24 non-conducting, second The water tank 21 absorbs water. Controlling the first cylinder 12 The rodless chamber returns to the oil, and the rod chamber enters the oil.
  • the second cylinder 22 has the rod chamber returning oil and the rodless chamber is fed into the oil; in this state, the first inlet check valve 13 is turned on and the first outlet water is turned on.
  • the one-way valve 14 is non-conducting, the first water tank 11 absorbs water, the second water inlet is unidirectionally wide 23 non-conducting, the second water outlet is unidirectionally wide 24, and the second water tank 21 is drained. Since the actual sealing structure can be effectively prevented between the water cylinder piston and the cylinder cylinder, the internal leakage can be effectively prevented; therefore, the present invention can effectively increase the output flow rate and the water pressure on the basis of continuous intermittent water supply.
  • the water tank 3 can be fixedly connected to the water tank. As shown in the figure, both the first water tank 11 and the second water tank 21 are placed in the water tank 3, and the water cylinder cylinder and the cylinder cylinder are fixedly connected to the water tank 3 through a connecting flange. Obviously, as long as the nozzle is located below the water line of the water tank 3, the basic needs of water absorption can be met.
  • FIG. 2 the figure is a schematic structural view of a cylinder cylinder of the present embodiment.
  • a through hole 9 communicating with the water tank 3 is formed in a side wall of each of the cylinders (111, 211) of the outer end of the rod chamber having the rod chamber. It should be understood that the through holes 9 may be provided in plurality and uniformly distributed circumferentially along the cylinders (111, 211).
  • the through hole 9 can be used to balance the pressure generated by the volume change in the rod cylinder of the cylinder (111, 211) during the movement of the cylinder piston.
  • the cylinder piston advances in the cylinder, the cylinder piston has the rod side
  • the volume is increased, a vacuum is generated, and the external water enters through the through hole 9; conversely, when the cylinder piston retreats in the cylinder, the cylinder piston has a smaller volume on the rod side to generate a pressure, and water is pressed out from the through hole 9. .
  • water can be introduced into and out of the through hole 9, thereby cooling the cylinder piston rod connected to the cylinder piston, which in turn can cool and dissipate the hydraulic oil.
  • the solution also provides a hydraulic control system for the plunger pump, see Fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram of the plunger pump hydraulic control system.
  • the pressure oil circuit P and the return oil circuit T of the hydraulic control system may select a system pressure oil circuit and a return oil circuit, or may independently set a pressure oil required for the corresponding oil pump to supply the plunger water pump.
  • the control valve is configured to have two working positions: in the first working position, the pressure oil passage P and the rodless chamber of the first cylinder 12, the second cylinder 22 have The rod chamber is connected, and the return oil passage T communicates with the rod chamber of the first cylinder 12 and the rodless chamber of the second cylinder 22, thereby controlling the rodless chamber of the first cylinder 12 to enter the oil, and the rod chamber is returned to the oil,
  • the rod chamber of the two cylinders 22 In the second working position, the pressure oil passage P communicates with the rod chamber of the first cylinder 12 and the rodless chamber of the second oil rainbow 22, and the return oil passage T and the first oil rainbow
  • the rodless cavity of the second cylinder 22 and the rod cavity of the second cylinder 22 are connected to control the oil return
  • control valve may be a directional control valve, or may be configured as two directional control valves, that is, specifically: two chambers disposed in the first cylinder 12 and the pressure oil passage p and oil return A first pilot directional valve 51 between the oil passages T, and a second pilot directional valve 52 disposed between the two chambers of the second oil rainbow 22 and the pressure oil passage P and the return oil passage T.
  • two directional control valves with each cylinder can further optimize system control performance.
  • the cylinder of the first cylinder 12 is provided with a receiving oil port communicating with the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel
  • the cylinder of the second cylinder 22 is provided with a receiving port connected to the inner cavity of the cylinder. 221.
  • the distance between the receiving oil port 221 and the end of the rodless cavity is greater than the length of the second cylinder piston 222. That is, when the piston extends to the end of the stroke, the pressure of the corresponding pinch port is the oil pressure that drives the piston to control the switching of the two directional valves between the two working positions. Specifically, as shown in FIG.
  • the receiving oil port 121 of the first oil rainbow 12 communicates with the right control oil port of the first hydraulic directional valve 51 and the left control oil port of the second hydraulic directional valve 52 to drive the first
  • a hydraulic directional valve 51 and a second hydraulic directional valve 52 are respectively located at the first working position and the second working position, and the receiving oil port of the second oil rainbow 22 and the left control oil port of the first hydraulic directional valve 51 are
  • the right control port of the second pilot directional valve 52 is in communication to drive the first pilot directional valve 51 and the second pilot directional valve 52 to be respectively located in the second working position and the first working position.
  • the solution further includes two take-off valves, the first take-off valve 61 is located between the first oil cylinder 12 and the hydraulic control directional control valve, and the second take-off valve 62 is located between the second oil rainbow 22 and the hydraulic control directional control valve.
  • the oil inlet A of each fetching valve is connected with the fetching port of the corresponding oil cylinder
  • the pressure balance port B is connected with the port C of the corresponding oil rainbow
  • the control port of the directional valve is connected.
  • a buffer bypass of a single-way conduction along the retracting direction of the piston can be arranged at the bottom of the cylinders of the two cylinders.
  • the oil outlet E of the buffer bypass communicates with the inner cavity of the cylinder through the bottom of the cylinder, and the distance between the inlet port F of the buffer bypass and the bottom of the cylinder is greater than the length of the cylinder piston.
  • the side wall of the cylinder is in communication with the inner cavity of the cylinder.
  • the oil outlet E of the buffer bypass communicates with the return oil passage T, and the oil inlet port F of the buffer bypass communicates with the pressure oil passage P, so that there is The pressure oil in the rod cavity can flow through the one-way valve on the buffer bypass to the rodless chamber to avoid impact on the retracting end.
  • the pressure oil circuit P can use separate oil pumps to provide pressure oil for the two cylinders to better meet the functional requirements of the plunger pump.
  • the pressure oil that communicates with the first oil rainbow 12 via the first pilot directional valve 51 routes the first pump 71 to supply oil, and the pressure oil route that communicates with the second cylinder 22 via the second pilot directional valve 52 is routed.
  • the second pump 72 supplies oil; and, between the liquid outlets of the two pumps and the return oil passage, an overflow valve (the first relief valve 81 and the second relief valve 82) is disposed to reliably maintain the two
  • the oil supply pressure is at a constant state.
  • the overflow overflow (the first overflow width 81 and the second overflow width 82) is preferably an electronically controlled overflow overflow, as shown in the figure, when the control valve is not energized, the inlet port of the relief valve passes through the The control valve constitutes a drain passage, that is, the pressure oil discharged from the outlet of the pump is directly returned to the fuel tank.
  • the overflow overflow When the control valve is energized, the overflow overflows to a constant pressure overflow and safety protection.
  • the two overflowing pressures are selected in the same way, so that the two cylinders are in the same working environment, ensuring reliable switching between the two.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

一种柱塞水泵，包括两个由水缸（11、12）和油缸（12、22）构成的柱塞组（1、2）。每个柱塞组（1、2）的水缸活塞与油缸活塞同步位移，且与每个水缸缸筒（111、211）的水口均连通设置有由外至缸筒内腔单向导通的进水单向阀（13、23）、由缸筒内腔至外部出水口单向导通的出水单向阀（14、24）。两个所述油缸（12、22）配置成在控制阀的控制下交替伸缩。此柱塞水泵突破了传统水泵的结构原理，采用两只油缸（12、22）交替前进、后退，从而带动两个水缸活塞交替动作，进而分别实现两种工作状态的切换。与现有技术相比，此柱塞水泵在连续无间歇供水的基础上，能够有效提高输出流量及用水压力。在此基础上，还提供一种该柱塞水泵的液控***。

Description

一种柱塞水泵及其液控*** 本申请要求于 2011 年 09 月 14 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201110272366.0, 发明名称为"一种柱塞水泵及其液控***"的中国专利申 请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及工程机械技术， 特别涉及一种柱塞水泵及其液控***。 背景技术
随着商用及民用超高层建筑整体高度的不断攀升， 其消防***的难题 之一是供水难度。 众所周知， 大多数消防水源提供的消防用水， 都需要消 防水泵进行加压， 以满足灭火时对水压和水量的要求。 比如， 以移动设备 消防车为例， 其通常安装消防泵为消防水枪、 消防水炮等灭火终端提供压 力水。 显然， 性能良好的消防泵对灭火战术的制定、 灭火方法的实施都起 到决定性作用。
现有技术中， 用来供水的消防泵主要有离心式水泵和柱塞式水泵两种 类型； 受自身结构限制， 两者通常只能将水送到百米左右的高度， 在超高 层建筑发生火灾后， 由于供水压力及流量不够， 不能及时有效输送水源， 从而无法控制火势蔓延， 往往造成非常大的生命财产损失。 其中， 离心式 水泵在工作过程中存在泄漏和回流问题， 随着出水压力的增加， 泄漏和回 流量同步增加， 出水压力 艮难达到高压消防泵额定压力不小于 4.0MPa的标 准， 工作效率降低； 而柱塞式水泵的工作原理限制了其输出流量一般都不 超过 lOL/s, 无法满足超高层建筑消防灭火用水量的要求。
有鉴于此， 亟待另辟蹊径针对水泵进行优化设计， 以提供满足超高层 建筑消防灭火用水压力及输出流量的要求。 发明内容
针对上述缺陷， 本发明解决的技术问题在于， 提供一种柱塞水泵， 以 可靠提高水泵输出压力及流量， 满足超高层建筑消防灭火的需求。 在此基 础上， 本发明还提供一种该柱塞水泵的液控***。 本发明提供的柱塞水泵， 包括两个由水缸和油缸构成的柱塞组， 每个 柱塞组的水缸活塞与油缸活塞同步位移， 且与每个水缸缸筒的水口均连通 设置有由外至缸筒内腔单向导通的进水单向阀、 由缸筒内腔至外部出水口 单向导通的出水单向阀；两个所述油缸配置成在控制阀的控制下交替伸缩。
优选地， 还包括水箱， 两个所述水缸内置于所述水箱中。
优选地， 所述水缸的有杆腔外端部的水缸缸筒侧壁上开设有与所述水 箱连通的通孔。
优选地， 所述外部出水口位于与两个所述出水单向阀连通的出水管的 末端。
本发明提供的如前所述柱塞水泵的液控***， 包括压力油路和回油油 路， 所述控制阀配置成具有两个工作位置： 在第一工作位置， 压力油路与 第一油缸的无杆腔、 第二油缸的有杆腔连通， 回油油路与第一油缸的有杆 腔、 第二油缸的无杆腔连通； 在第二工作位置， 压力油路与第一油缸的有 杆腔、 第二油缸的无杆腔连通， 回油油路与第一油缸的无杆腔、 第二油缸 的有杆腔连通。
优选地， 所述控制阀具体为： 设置在第一油缸的两腔与压力油路和回 油油路之间的第一液控方向阀， 以及设置在第二油缸的两腔与压力油路和 回油油路之间的第二液控方向阀； 且， 两个所述油缸均开设有与缸筒内腔 连通的取信油口， 所述取信油口位于与无杆腔端部之间的距离大于油缸活 塞长度处的缸筒侧壁上； 且所述第一油缸的取信油口与所述第一液控方向 阀和第二液控方向阀的控制油口连通， 以驱动第一液控方向阀和第二液控 方向阀分别位于第一工作位置和第二工作位置， 所述第二油缸的取信油口 与所述第一液控方向阀和第二液控方向阀的控制油口连通， 以驱动第一液 控方向阀和第二液控方向阀分别位于第二工作位置和第一工作位置。
优选地， 还包括分别设置在两个油缸与相应液控方向阀之间的两个取 信阀， 每个取信阀的进油口与相应油虹的取信油口连通、 压力平衡油口与 相应油缸的有杆腔的油口连通、出油口与相应液控方向阀的控制油口连通。 优选地， 两个所述油缸的缸筒底部均设置有沿活塞收回方向单向导通 的緩冲旁路， 所述緩冲旁路的出油口通过油缸缸筒底部与缸筒内腔连通， 所述緩冲旁路的进油口通过与缸筒底部之间的距离大于油缸活塞长度处的 缸筒侧壁与缸筒内腔连通。
优选地， 经所述第一液控方向阀与第一油虹连通的压力油路由第一泵 供油， 经所述第二液控方向阀与第二油缸连通的压力油路由第二泵供油； 且， 在两个泵的出液口与回油油路之间均设置有溢流阀。
优选地， 所述溢流阔具体为电控溢流阀。
本发明提供的柱塞水泵包括两个由水缸和油缸构成柱塞组， 每个柱塞 组的水缸活塞与油缸活塞同步位移， 即液控双柱塞水泵； 由于与每个水缸 缸筒的水口均连通设置有由外至缸筒内腔单向导通的进水单向阀、 由缸筒 内腔至外部出水口单向导通的出水单向阔， 并且两个所述油缸配置成在控 制阀的控制下交替伸缩。 与现有技术相比， 本发明突破了传统水泵的结构 原理， 采用两只油缸交替前进、 后退， 从而带动两个水缸活塞交替动作， 进而分别实现两种工作状态的切换： 其一， 与第一水缸缸筒的水口连通的 进水单向阔非导通、 出水单向阔导通， 与第二水缸缸筒的水口连通的进水 单向阔导通、 出水单向阔非导通， 此状态下， 第一水缸缸筒排水、 第二水 缸缸筒吸水。 其二， 与第一水缸缸筒的水口连通的进水单向阔导通、 出水 单向阔非导通， 与第二水缸缸筒的水口连通的进水单向阔非导通、 出水单 向阀导通； 此状态下， 第一水虹虹筒吸水、 第二水虹虹筒排水。 本发明的 水缸活塞与水缸缸筒之间能够实际可靠的密封结构， 可有效防止内泄； 因 此， 通过上述结构优化设计， 本发明在连续无间歇供水的基础上， 能够有 效提高输出流量及用水压力， 经生产试验， 本方案完全能够满足超高层建 筑消防灭火用水压力 8.0MPa及输出流量 40L/S的要求。
在本发明的优选方案中， 在水缸的有杆腔外端部的水缸缸筒侧壁上开 设有与水箱连通的通孔， 一方面， 该通孔可用来平衡水缸活塞运动过程中 水缸缸筒有杆腔中容积变化产生的压力， 也就是说， 当水缸活塞在缸筒内 前进时， 水缸活塞有杆腔侧容积变大产生真空， 外部水通过该通孔进入； 反之， 水缸活塞在缸筒内后退时， 水缸活塞有杆腔侧容积变小产生压力， 水则从该通孔中压出。 另外， 水可以从通孔进、 出， 从而冷却与水虹活塞 连接的油缸活塞杆， 而活塞杆又能够对液压油进行冷却， 从而有效控制了 液压***的散热。
在本发明所提供柱塞水泵液控***的优选方案中， 两个油缸均开设有 与缸筒内腔连通的取信油口， 该取信油口配置成位于相应油虹完全伸出时 刻的无杆腔侧；且第一液控方向阀的控制油口与第一油缸的取信油口连通 , 第二液控方向阀的控制油口与第二油紅的取信油口连通。 也就是说， 当活 塞伸出至行程终端时， 相应驱动活塞伸出的压力油液将反馈至另一油缸的 方向阀的控制端， 进而驱动其阀芯换向， 反之亦然； 从而通过液力自动控 制两个油缸的交替伸出、 收回， 具有工作可靠的特点。 优选采用取信阀设 置在相应取信油口与控制阀之间， 可进一步提高液动换向的工作可靠性； 同时， 当油缸活塞接近伸出极限位置时， 无杆腔的压力油液可经取信阀单 向流动至有杆腔， 进而避免伸出终端产生冲击， 影响***工作的稳定性。
本发明提供的柱塞水泵及其液控***适用于任意消防设备及***。
附图说明
图 1是具体实施方式中所述柱塞水泵的整体结构示意图；
图 2是具体实施方式中所述水缸缸筒的结构示意图；
图 3是具体实施方式中所述柱塞水泵液控***的原理图。
图中：
第一柱塞组 1、 第一 7J缸 11、 第一 7J缸缸筒 111、 第一油缸 12、 取信 油口 121、 第一油虹活塞 122、 第一进水单向阀 13、 第一出水单向阀 14、 第二柱塞组 2、 第二水缸 21、 第二水缸缸筒 211、 第二油缸 22、 取信油口 221、第二油虹活塞 222、第二进水单向阀 23、第二出水单向阀 24、水箱 3、 出水管 4、 第一液控方向阀 51、 第二液控方向阀 52、 第一取信阀 61、 第二 取信阀 62、 第一泵 71、 第二泵 72、 第一溢流阀 81、 第二溢流阀 82、 通孔 9。 具体实施方式
本发明的核心是提供一种结构优化的液控双柱塞水泵， 包括两个由水 缸和油缸构成柱塞组， 每个柱塞组的水缸活塞与油缸活塞同步位移， 且与 每个水缸缸筒的水口均连通设置有由外至缸筒内腔单向导通的进水单向 阀、 由缸筒内腔至外部出水口单向导通的出水单向阀； 两个所述油缸配置 成在控制阀的控制下交替伸缩。 与现有技术相比， 本发明能够可靠提高水 泵输出压力及流量， 从而满足超高层建筑消防灭火的需求。
不失一般性， 下面结合说明书附图具体说明本实施方式。
请参见图 1 , 该示出了本实施方式所述柱塞水泵的整体结构示意图。 第一柱塞组 1由第一水缸 11和第一油缸 12组成， 第二柱塞组 2由第 二水缸 21和第二油缸 22组成。 如图所示， 两者的油缸活塞杆的伸出端均 与相应的水缸活塞连接， 以实现每个柱塞组的水缸活塞与油缸活塞同步位 移。 整体布置而言， 水缸与油缸可如图所示的同轴设置， 也可以大致平行 设置， 显然， 同轴设置的结构实现较为筒单， 且动力传递的能效最佳， 故 为最优方案。
与第一水缸缸筒 111的水口连通设置有第一进水单向阀 13, 以实现由 外至缸筒内腔单向导通； 同时， 与第一水缸缸筒 111的水口连通设置有第 一出水单向阀 14, 以实现由缸筒内腔至外部出水口单向导通。 同样， 与第 二水缸缸筒 211的水口连通设置有第二进水单向阀 23, 以实现由外至缸筒 内腔单向导通； 同时， 与第二水缸缸筒 211的水口连通设置有第二出水单 向阀 24, 以实现由缸筒内腔至外部出水口单向导通。 由于两个油缸配置成 在控制阀的控制下交替伸缩， 因此两个水缸活塞分别在两个油缸活塞的带 动下同步交替伸缩。 具体地， 外部出水口位于与两个出水单向阀连通的出 水管 4的末端， 用于与用水管路连通。
具体操作过程为：控制第一油缸 12的无杆腔进油、有杆腔回油， 同时， 第二油虹 22的有杆腔进油、 无杆腔回油； 此状态下， 第一进水单向阀 13 非导通、 第一出水单向阔 14导通， 第一水缸 11排水， 第二进水单向阀 23 导通、 第二出水单向阔 24非导通， 第二水缸 21吸水。 控制第一油缸 12 的无杆腔回油、 有杆腔进油， 同时， 第二油缸 22的有杆腔回油、 无杆腔进 油； 此状态下， 第一进水单向阀 13导通、 第一出水单向阀 14非导通， 第 一水缸 11吸水， 第二进水单向阔 23非导通、 第二出水单向阔 24导通， 第 二水缸 21 排水。 由于在水缸活塞与水缸缸筒之间能够实际可靠的密封结 构， 可有效防止内泄； 因此， 本发明在连续无间歇供水的基础上， 能够有 效提高输出流量及用水压力。
另外， 水箱 3 可以与水缸固定连接为一体。 图中所示， 第一水缸 11 和第二水缸 21均置于水箱 3中，水缸缸筒与油缸缸筒之间均通过连接法兰 与水箱 3壁固定连接。 显然， 只要其水口位于水箱 3的水位线下方就可以 满足吸水的基本需要。
进一步结合图 2所示，该图是本实施方式所述水缸缸筒的结构示意图。 每个水缸的有杆腔外端部的水缸缸筒 （111、 211 )侧壁上开设有与水箱 3 连通的通孔 9。 应当理解， 通孔 9可设置为多个且沿水缸缸筒 （111、 211 ) 周向均布。
该通孔 9可用来平衡水缸活塞运动过程中水缸缸筒 （ 111、 211 )有杆 腔中容积变化产生的压力， 当水缸活塞在缸筒内前进时， 水缸活塞有杆腔 侧容积变大产生真空， 外部水通过该通孔 9进入； 反之， 水缸活塞在缸筒 内后退时，水缸活塞有杆腔侧容积变小产生压力，水则从该通孔 9中压出。 另外， 水可以从通孔 9进、 出， 从而冷却与水缸活塞连接的油缸活塞杆， 而活塞杆又能够对液压油进行冷却散热。
除上述柱塞水泵， 本方案还提供一种该柱塞水泵的液控***， 请参见 图 3 , 该图是柱塞水泵液控***的原理图。
该液控***的压力油路 P和回油油路 T可以选用***压力油路、 回油 油路， 也可以独立设置相应油泵提供柱塞水泵所需的压力油液。 基于第一 油缸 12和第二油缸 22的功能需要， 控制阀配置成具有两个工作位置： 在 第一工作位置， 压力油路 P与第一油缸 12的无杆腔、 第二油缸 22的有杆 腔连通，回油油路 T与第一油缸 12的有杆腔、第二油缸 22的无杆腔连通， 以此控制第一油缸 12的无杆腔进油、 有杆腔回油， 第二油缸 22的有杆腔 进油、无杆腔回油；在第二工作位置，压力油路 P与第一油缸 12的有杆腔、 第二油虹 22的无杆腔连通， 回油油路 T与第一油虹 12的无杆腔、 第二油 缸 22的有杆腔连通， 以此控制第一油缸 12的无杆腔回油、 有杆腔进油， 第二油缸 22的有杆腔回油、 无杆腔进油。
需要说明的是， 上述控制阀的具体配置可以为一个方向控制阀， 也可 以配置为两个方向控制阀， 即， 具体为： 设置在第一油缸 12的两腔与压力 油路 p和回油油路 T之间的第一液控方向阀 51 , 以及设置在第二油虹 22 的两腔与压力油路 P和回油油路 T之间的第二液控方向阀 52。显然， 配置 为两个方向控制阀与每个油缸相应设置，可进一步利于优化***控制性能。
进一步地， 第一油缸 12 的缸筒上开设有与缸筒内腔连通的取信油口
121 , 该取信油口 121与无杆腔端部之间的距离 W大于第一油缸活塞 122 的长度 L ; 同样， 第二油缸 22的缸筒上开设有与缸筒内腔连通的取信油 口 221 , 该取信油口 221与无杆腔端部之间的距离大于第二油缸活塞 222 的长度。 也就是说， 当活塞伸出至行程终端时， 相应取信油口的压力为驱 动活塞伸出的油液压力， 以控制两个方向阀在两个工作位置之间切换。 具 体如图 3所示， 第一油虹 12的取信油口 121与第一液控方向阀 51的右侧 控制油口和第二液控方向阀 52的左侧控制油口连通，以驱动第一液控方向 阀 51和第二液控方向阀 52分别位于第一工作位置和第二工作位置， 第二 油虹 22的取信油口与第一液控方向阀 51的左侧控制油口和第二液控方向 阀 52的右侧控制油口连通， 以驱动第一液控方向阀 51和第二液控方向阀 52分别位于第二工作位置和第一工作位置。
本方案还包括两个取信阀， 第一取信阀 61位于第一油缸 12与液控方 向控制阀之间， 第二取信阀 62位于第二油虹 22与液控方向控制阀之间。 如图所示， 每个取信阀的进油口 A与相应油缸的取信油口连通、 压力平衡 油口 B与相应油虹的有杆腔的油口 C连通、出油口 D与相应液控方向阀的 控制油口连通。 如此设置， 可进一步提高液动换向的工作可靠性； 同时， 当油缸活塞接近伸出极限位置时， 取信阀的压力平衡油口 B与回油油路 T 连通， 取信阀的进油口 A与***压力油路 P连通， 因此， 无杆腔的压力油 液可经取信阀单向流动至有杆腔， 进而避免伸出终端产生冲击， 影响*** 工作的稳定性。
同样， 为避免油缸在收回极限位置产生不必要的刚性冲击。 本方案可 以在两个油缸的缸筒底部均设置有沿活塞收回方向单向导通的緩冲旁路。 具体如图所示， 緩冲旁路的出油口 E通过油缸缸筒底部与缸筒内腔连通， 緩冲旁路的进油口 F通过与缸筒底部之间的距离大于油缸活塞长度处的缸 筒侧壁与缸筒内腔连通。 同理， 当油缸活塞接近收回极限位置时， 緩冲旁 路的出油口 E与回油油路 T连通，緩冲旁路的进油口 F与压力油路 P连通， 因此， 此时有杆腔的压力油液可经緩冲旁路上的单向阀流动至无杆腔， 避 免收回端产生冲击。
如前所提及， 压力油路 P可以采用独立的油泵分别为两个油缸提供压 力油液， 以较好的适应柱塞水泵的功能需要。 如图所示， 经第一液控方向 阀 51与第一油虹 12连通的压力油路由第一泵 71供油，经第二液控方向阀 52与第二油缸 22连通的压力油路由第二泵 72供油； 且， 在两个泵的出液 口与回油油路之间均设置有溢流阀（第一溢流阀 81和第二溢流阀 82 ), 以 可靠保持两个供油压力处于恒定状态。
溢流阔 （第一溢流阔 81和第二溢流阔 82 )优选采用电控溢流阔， 如 图所示， 当其控制阀未得电时， 该溢流阀的进液口经由该控制阀构成泄油 通路， 即自泵的出液口输出的压力油液直接回流至油箱， 当其控制阀得电 时， 溢流阔起到定压溢流和安全保护作用。 实际设计时， 两个溢流阔的调 定压力选择一致， 使得两个油缸处于相同的工作环境， 确保两者之间可靠 的动作切换。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施方式， 并不构成对本发明保护范围的 限定。 任何在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进 等， 均应包含在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、一种柱塞水泵，其特征在于， 包括两个由水缸和油缸构成的柱塞组， 每个柱塞组的水缸活塞与油缸活塞同步位移， 且与每个水缸缸筒的水口均 连通设置有由外至缸筒内腔单向导通的进水单向阀、 由缸筒内腔至外部出 水口单向导通的出水单向阀； 两个所述油缸配置成在控制阀的控制下交替 伸缩。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的柱塞水泵， 其特征在于， 还包括水箱， 两个 所述水缸内置于所述水箱中。
3、根据权利要求 2所述的柱塞水泵， 其特征在于， 所述水缸的有杆腔 外端部的水缸缸筒侧壁上开设有与所述水箱连通的通孔。
4、根据权利要求 2或 3所述的柱塞水泵， 其特征在于， 所述外部出水 口位于与两个所述出水单向阀连通的出水管的末端。
5、如权利要求 1 - 4中任一项所述柱塞水泵的液控***，其特征在于， 包括压力油路和回油油路， 所述控制阀配置成具有两个工作位置： 在第一 工作位置， 压力油路与第一油缸的无杆腔、 第二油缸的有杆腔连通， 回油 油路与第一油缸的有杆腔、 第二油缸的无杆腔连通； 在第二工作位置， 压 力油路与第一油虹的有杆腔、 第二油虹的无杆腔连通， 回油油路与第一油 缸的无杆腔、 第二油缸的有杆腔连通。
6、根据权利要求 5所述的柱塞水泵液控***， 其特征在于， 所述控制 阀具体为： 设置在第一油缸的两腔与压力油路和回油油路之间的第一液控 方向阀， 以及设置在第二油虹的两腔与压力油路和回油油路之间的第二液 控方向阀； 且，
两个所述油缸均开设有与缸筒内腔连通的取信油口， 所述取信油口位 于与无杆腔端部之间的距离大于油缸活塞长度处的缸筒侧壁上； 且所述第 一油虹的取信油口与所述第一液控方向阀和第二液控方向阀的控制油口连 通， 以驱动第一液控方向阀和第二液控方向阀分别位于第一工作位置和第 二工作位置， 所述第二油虹的取信油口与所述第一液控方向阀和第二液控 方向阀的控制油口连通， 以驱动第一液控方向阀和第二液控方向阀分别位 于第二工作位置和第一工作位置。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的柱塞水泵液控***， 其特征在于， 还包括分 别设置在两个油缸与相应液控方向阀之间的两个取信阀， 每个取信阀的进 油口与相应油虹的取信油口连通、 压力平衡油口与相应油虹的有杆腔的油 口连通、 出油口与相应液控方向阀的控制油口连通。
8、根据权利要求 7所述的柱塞水泵液控***， 其特征在于， 两个所述 油缸的缸筒底部均设置有沿活塞收回方向单向导通的緩冲旁路， 所述緩冲 旁路的出油口通过油缸缸筒底部与缸筒内腔连通， 所述緩冲旁路的进油口 通过与缸筒底部之间的距离大于油缸活塞长度处的缸筒侧壁与缸筒内腔连 通。
9、根据权利要求 8所述的柱塞水泵液控***， 其特征在于， 经所述第 一液控方向阀与第一油缸连通的压力油路由第一泵供油， 经所述第二液控 方向阀与第二油缸连通的压力油路由第二泵供油； 且， 在两个泵的出液口 与回油油路之间均设置有溢流阀。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的柱塞水泵液控***， 其特征在于， 所述溢 流阀具体为电控溢流阀。
PCT/CN2012/071111 2011-09-14 2012-02-14 一种柱塞水泵及其液控*** WO2013037198A1 (zh)

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