WO2013024812A1 - 発光装置 - Google Patents
発光装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013024812A1 WO2013024812A1 PCT/JP2012/070481 JP2012070481W WO2013024812A1 WO 2013024812 A1 WO2013024812 A1 WO 2013024812A1 JP 2012070481 W JP2012070481 W JP 2012070481W WO 2013024812 A1 WO2013024812 A1 WO 2013024812A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light
- guide plate
- dot
- emitting
- emitting device
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/004—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles
- G02B6/0043—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles provided on the surface of the light guide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F13/00—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
- G09F13/18—Edge-illuminated signs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1847—Manufacturing methods
- G02B5/1852—Manufacturing methods using mechanical means, e.g. ruling with diamond tool, moulding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1861—Reflection gratings characterised by their structure, e.g. step profile, contours of substrate or grooves, pitch variations, materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1866—Transmission gratings characterised by their structure, e.g. step profile, contours of substrate or grooves, pitch variations, materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0036—2-D arrangement of prisms, protrusions, indentations or roughened surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
- G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0058—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide
- G02B6/006—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide to produce indicia, symbols, texts or the like
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F13/00—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
- G09F13/02—Signs, boards, or panels, illuminated by artificial light sources positioned in front of the insignia
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F19/00—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for
- G09F19/12—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for using special optical effects
- G09F19/14—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for using special optical effects displaying different signs depending upon the view-point of the observer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y20/00—Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a light emitting device used for a display or the like, and more particularly to a light emitting device using a light guide plate.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-176739 for which it applied to Japan on August 12, 2011, and uses the content here.
- the back surface of the light guide plate is subjected to concave processing so as to have a predetermined design using laser processing or mechanical processing, and a dot-shaped reflection portion is formed. It is known that the light emitted from the end face of the light guide plate is reflected and scattered by a reflecting portion to emit light from the design (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 2 there is a description that a diffraction grating formed on a light guide plate allows an external observer to visually recognize light incident from an end face by diffracted light.
- white light is incident on the diffraction grating, the light is split and diffracted at different angles for each wavelength.
- the design shines in rainbow colors when exposed to external light. Since it is possible to give a visual effect that the hue changes when it is changed, it is widely used for decorative purposes.
- the light emission color of the design is basically the same as the color of the incident light, and the color of the incident light Can be changed from place to place or from time to time, but basically there is a limitation that the emission color of a certain region must be the same as the color of the incident light.
- the light emitting device described in Patent Document 2 is a technique in which the entire design is a diffraction grating, and can give a visual effect related to the hue specific to the diffraction grating. Therefore, it takes a lot of cost and time to make a new design including a large size diffraction grating.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above matters, and in a light guide plate that reflects light from a light source on a reflection surface formed on the light guide plate, there are various designs even if the light emission state of the light source is constant.
- An object of the present invention is to simply provide a light-emitting device capable of providing a visual effect with a variety of colors.
- the present invention includes a transparent light guide plate and a light source that makes light incident on the light guide plate, and the light guide plate has a light emitting surface that has a light exit surface that emits light from the light source that has entered the light emitting plate.
- a light emitting device is provided in which a diffraction grating which is a set of grooves arranged in parallel with a constant period is formed on the light exit surface of the dot-like light emitting recess.
- the light exit surface is preferably a reflective surface that reflects light from the light source and emits the light from the light emitting surface.
- the light exit surface is preferably a transmission surface that transmits light from the light source and emits the light from the light emitting surface. It is preferable that the dot-like light-emitting recess is formed on the back surface opposite to the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate. It is preferable that the light source is provided on an end surface of the light guide plate and allows light to enter from the end surface.
- the groove of the diffraction grating is formed in the direction of a line in the light exit surface orthogonal to the intersection line of the surface including the light exit surface and the back surface.
- the number of grooves in the diffraction grating is preferably 200 or more and 2000 or less per 1 mm.
- the plurality of dot-like light emitting recesses may be arranged so as to form a specific design as a whole.
- the light exit surface preferably has an angle of 0 ° or more and 90 ° or less with respect to the back surface of the light guide plate opposite to the light emitting surface.
- the angle ⁇ of the dot-like light emitting recess with respect to the light source may be adjusted so that the color is the same in at least a part of the region of the light guide plate when viewed from a specific viewpoint.
- the angle ⁇ of the dot-like light emitting recess with respect to the light source may be adjusted so that the color is irregularly distributed in at least a partial region of the light guide plate when viewed from a specific viewpoint.
- the light source may be configured by arranging a plurality of light emitting diodes or laser diodes in a direction in which the light guide plate extends.
- the light sources may be all white light sources.
- the diffraction grating is formed on the reflection surface formed on the light guide plate, visual effects of various colors can be provided even if the light emission state of the light source is constant.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the light-emitting device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded sectional view of the dot-like light emission crevice concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of a dot-like light emission crevice concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is an expansion perspective view of the dot-like light emission recessed part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is an expansion perspective view of a dot-shaped light emission recessed part. It is sectional drawing explaining the light which injects into a dot-shaped light emission recessed part. It is a schematic diagram which shows a dot-shaped light emission recessed part.
- the light emitting device 1 includes a rectangular light guide plate 2 and a light source 3 provided on an end surface 2 a of the light guide plate 2, and reflects light incident from the light source 3. Then, the light is emitted from the light emitting surface 2 b of the light guide plate 2.
- the observer is positioned in front of the light guide plate 2, but the observer is assumed to be in a specific direction and distance with respect to the light guide plate 2.
- the light guide plate 2 is made of an acrylic resin and can have a thickness of 0.1 mm to 10 mm, for example.
- the light guide plate 2 preferably has sufficient light transmittance, and is not limited to an acrylic resin, and a plate made of a synthetic resin such as a polycarbonate resin, a silicone resin, or a cyclopolyolefin resin, a glass plate, or the like can be used.
- the shape of the light guide plate 2 is not limited to the rectangular plate shape, but may be any surface that can function as the end surface 2a, the light emitting surface 2b, and the back surface 2c.
- the light guide plate 2 preferably has a constant thickness.
- the light source 3 is a white light emitting diode unit, and is disposed on the end surface 2a of the light guide plate 2 so that light enters the light guide plate.
- the light source 3 may be a combination of a blue light emitting diode and a yellow phosphor, or may be a single light source using red, green, and blue (so-called RGB) light emitting diodes, or any other system. good.
- the light source 3 is not limited to a light emitting diode, and an LD (laser diode) can also be used.
- the light guide plate 2 is formed with a display unit 6 composed of a plurality of dot-like light emitting recesses 5.
- the dot-like light-emitting concave portion 5 is a notch formed in the back surface 2c opposite to the light-emitting surface 2b of the light guide plate 2, and emits light emitted from the light source 3 and incident from the end surface 2a. It has a reflective surface 7 (light exit surface) that reflects to the light emitting surface 2b side.
- the dot-like light emitting recess 5 is shaped so that the light from the light source 3 strikes the reflecting surface 7.
- the reflecting surface 7 is an inclined surface that gradually descends in the direction approaching the light source 3 (to the right in FIG. 3).
- the cross-sectional shape along the incident direction of the light from the light source 3 of the dot-shaped light emission recessed part 5 has comprised the triangle which makes the reflective surface 7 formed in the end surface 2a side a hypotenuse.
- the reflecting surface 7 is preferably flat.
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section perpendicular to both the reflective surface 7 and the back surface 2c.
- the shape of the dot-like light emitting recess 5 in plan view is substantially rectangular.
- the edge of the reflecting surface 7 closest to the light source 3 (the lower side 7a closest to the light source 3 among the four sides of the reflecting surface 7 in FIG. 4) is perpendicular to the incident light from the light source 3 in plan view. it can.
- the lower side 7a may not be perpendicular to the incident light in a plan view.
- the dot-like light emitting recess 5 may be any structure as long as it has a reflecting surface 7 formed in the light guide plate 2 and reflecting the light from the light source 3 toward the light emitting surface 2b, and the shape is not limited to the illustrated example.
- a prism shape as shown in FIG. 5A may be used, a polygonal pyramid such as a triangular pyramid or a quadrangular pyramid as shown in FIG. 5B, or a truncated pyramid shape as shown in FIG. But it ’s okay.
- a shape obtained by obliquely cutting off a cylinder or a cone may be used.
- the through-hole formed in the light-guide plate 2 may be sufficient, and the space part formed in the light-guide plate 2 may be sufficient.
- the inclination angle (angle ⁇ shown in FIG. 3) of the reflecting surface 7 with respect to the back surface 2c of the light guide plate 2 can be set to 0 degree or more and 90 degrees or less.
- the inclination angle ⁇ may be greater than 0 degree and 90 degrees or less (0 degree ⁇ ⁇ 90 degrees). Especially, 30 degrees or more and 60 degrees or less are preferable.
- the tilt angle ⁇ is too small, the tilt angle of the emitted light also increases, and the visibility of the dot-like light-emitting concave portion 5 when the light-emitting device 1 is viewed from the front is lowered.
- the inclination angle of the reflecting surface 7 is preferably 30 degrees or more and 60 degrees or less. By setting the inclination angle within this range, the light reflection efficiency can be increased and the reflected light can be emitted at an angle close to perpendicular to the light emitting surface 2b, so that the visibility of the dot light emitting recess 5 can be enhanced.
- the inclination angle ⁇ is an angle formed by the reflective surface 7 and the back surface 2c.
- the inclination angle ⁇ is also the inclination angle of the reflecting surface 7 with respect to the light emitting surface 2b.
- the opposing surface 10 that faces the reflecting surface 7 among the inner surfaces of the dot-like light-emitting concave portions 5 is an inclined surface that gradually descends in the direction approaching the light source 3 (rightward in FIG. 3). It may be a surface perpendicular to the back surface 2c.
- the display unit 6 is arranged such that a plurality of dot-like light emitting recesses 5 form a predetermined pattern.
- the dot-like light emitting recess 5 is arranged so as to indicate the letter “A”, but is not limited thereto, and other characters, symbols, figures, patterns, or these Of these, two or more combinations may be arranged.
- a diffraction grating 8 is formed on the reflection surface 7.
- the diffraction grating is an optical element used for obtaining a spectrum (interference fringe) by diffracting light with a lattice-like pattern, and is a planar grating composed of a set of parallel grooves having a constant period.
- the diffraction grating 8 of the present embodiment is composed of parallel grooves 9 formed in parallel on the reflecting surface 7 at a constant period.
- the direction of the groove 9 is not particularly limited, but is a line perpendicular to the intersection line between the surface including the reflective surface 7 and the back surface 2c, and is formed in the direction of the line in the reflective surface 7. It is desirable.
- the direction of the groove 9 is not a direction perpendicular to the intersection line of the back surface 2c and the reflection surface 7, but is formed in a direction parallel to the intersection line of the back surface 2c and the reflection surface 7 (for example, the horizontal direction) Unfavorable for reasons.
- the light emitted from the light source 3 has a certain extent, and the spread light is incident on the reflecting surface 7 while being reflected by the light emitting surface 2 b and the back surface 2 c of the light guide plate 2.
- the light emitted from the light source 3 and incident on the reflection surface 7 is incident not only on light that is directly incident horizontally but also at various angles from the vertical direction by repeated reflection.
- the direction of the groove 9 is formed in a direction parallel to the intersecting line of the back surface 2c and the reflecting surface 7, the light incident on the diffraction grating 8 is reflected and split in a direction substantially perpendicular to the groove direction.
- the light incident on the reflecting surface 7 being split in the vertical direction after all, if light is incident on the reflecting surface 7 at various angles from the vertical direction, the light is split. Since the light also overlaps in the vertical direction, as a result, the light that can be seen by the observer becomes nearly white due to the overlap of the dispersed light.
- the direction of the groove 9 is formed in a direction perpendicular to the intersecting line of the back surface 2c and the reflecting surface 7, the direction of the dispersed light is also substantially perpendicular to the groove direction ( ⁇ horizontal direction). Even if light is incident on the reflecting surface 7 at various angles from above and below, the dispersed light does not overlap and become close to white light.
- the shape of the groove 9 of the diffraction grating 8 is a so-called sawtooth shape (a so-called blazed diffraction grating).
- the number of grooves 9 per 1 mm of the diffraction grating 8 is set to be 200 or more and 2000 or less. That is, the interval between adjacent grooves 9 (the pitch of the grooves 9) is set to 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less. If the pitch is too small or too large, a sufficient spectral effect cannot be obtained for visible light.
- the shape of the groove 9 is not limited to a sawtooth shape, and may be any shape that exhibits a diffractive action. For example, a sine wave shape or a rectangular shape can be employed.
- the operation of the light emitting device 1 of the present embodiment will be described.
- a part of the incident light L1 that is incident from the end surface 2a and propagates in the light guide plate 2 is reflected by the reflecting surface 7, and is then dispersed by the diffraction grating 8 and is emitted from the light emitting surface 2b side.
- the light is emitted as emitted light L4.
- the light source 3 is not limited to the position facing the end surface 2 a, but may be in a position where light can be incident on the light guide plate 2 from the light emitting surface 2 b side or the back surface 2 c side.
- a part of the light L2 incident from the light emitting surface 2b side is reflected by the reflecting surface 7, and is then split by the diffraction grating 8 and emitted as emitted light L4 from the light emitting surface 2b side.
- the diffraction grating 8 may be a transmissive diffraction grating 8.
- the direction vector of the groove 9 of the diffraction grating 8 is b
- the direction vector perpendicular to the groove 9 in the grating surface (reflection surface 7) is a
- the plane (grating surface) defined by a and b ) is defined as the main cross section 13.
- 13a is a line (normal line) in the main cross section 13 and perpendicular to the lattice plane.
- ⁇ 1 is an angle formed by the incident light L11 with respect to the line 13a perpendicular to the lattice plane, and ⁇ 1 is an angle formed by the emitted light L12 with respect to the line 13a.
- Equation (1) indicates that light of different wavelengths having the same incident angle ⁇ 1 is reflected and diffracted at different angles. By this action, white light incident at the same angle is dispersed, and the observer can visually recognize different colors depending on the viewing angle.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the reflection of light on the lattice plane (reflecting surface 7) when the incident light is not within the main cross section 13.
- Incident light L13 inclined at an angle ⁇ with respect to the main cross section 13 is reflected by the grating surface (reflecting surface 7) and emitted as outgoing light L14.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a line L13 ′ obtained by projecting the incident light L13 on the main cross section 13 and a line L14 ′ obtained by projecting the outgoing light L14 on the main cross section 13.
- ⁇ incident light L13 '
- ⁇ 2 diffracted at an angle ⁇ 2 so as to satisfy the following formula (2) (emitted light L14').
- ⁇ 2 is a line L13 ′ obtained by projecting the incident light L13 onto the main cross section 13 with respect to a line 13a perpendicular to the lattice plane.
- ⁇ 2 is an angle formed by the line L14 ′ obtained by projecting the emitted light L14 onto the main cross section 13 with respect to the line 13a, and ⁇ is an angle with respect to the main cross section 13 of the incident light L13.
- the light emitted from the light source 3 is spectrally reflected by the diffraction grating 8 formed on the reflecting surface 7, and light of different wavelengths is reflected in different directions. Since the relative positional relationship (angular relationship) between the light source 3 and the plurality of dot-like light emitting recesses 5 is different, each dot-like light emitting recess 5 has the same shape and the same direction including the diffraction grating portion. The spatial angular distribution of the spectrally reflected light is different. Therefore, when the light emitting device 1 is viewed from a specific viewpoint, each dot basically looks in a different color. In addition, when the viewpoint is moved, the hue of each dot changes accordingly, so that even if the light emission state of the light source 3 is constant, a visual effect that the hue changes can be provided.
- a processing tool 23 in which a blade 22 protrudes from the lower surface of the base 21 is used.
- the blade portion 22 has a shape corresponding to the dot-like light emitting recess 5, and a diffraction grating is formed in a portion 22 a corresponding to the reflection surface 7.
- ⁇ is the apex angle of the blade portion 22.
- the processing tool 23 is lowered along the forming direction of the blade portion 22 to push the blade portion 22 into the back surface 2 c of the light guide plate 2.
- one or both of the blade portion 22 and the light guide plate 2 can be heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the softening point of the material of the light guide plate 2.
- the light guide plate material is cooled to the softening point temperature or lower, and as shown in FIG. 14, the processing tool 23 is raised and the blade portion 22 is pulled out.
- various heating methods such as a heater, an ultrasonic wave, a high frequency, an infrared ray, and a laser can be used.
- the angle (angle with respect to the back surface 2c) of the portion 22a of the blade portion 22, the angle (angle ⁇ in FIG. 3) with respect to the back surface 2c of the reflection surface 7 of the formed dot-like light-emitting recess 5 is adjusted. Is also possible.
- a dot-like light-emitting concave portion 5 having a shape along the blade portion 22 is formed on the back surface 2 c of the light guide plate 2. Then, by moving the processing tool 23 horizontally and repeating the same operation, the display unit 6 including a plurality of dot-like light emitting recesses 5 is formed, and the light emitting device 1 is obtained. According to the manufacturing method using the processing tool 23, the dot-shaped light emitting recess 5 having an accurate shape can be formed at an arbitrary position, so that a light guide plate having a free design can be manufactured.
- the light guide plate with various designs can be manufactured with only one processing tool 23 having a small blade with a diffraction grating surface, there is no need to manufacture an expensive diffraction grating every time the design changes. A significant cost reduction is possible.
- Such a manufacturing method is not suitable for mass production because it is a method of forming dot-shaped light emitting recesses one by one, but when mass-producing the same product, a light guide plate manufactured by such a method is used. It is also possible to take a mold as a master by electroforming or the like, and use this mold to perform injection molding or press molding.
- the light emitting device 1 ⁇ / b> B is different from the dot light emitting concave portion 5 of the light emitting device 1 (FIG. 1 or the like) in the arrangement and orientation of the dot light emitting concave portions 35.
- the light emitting device 1B employs a white point light source as the light source 3B, and is disposed at the lower center of the rectangular light guide plate 2B in plan view.
- the dot-shaped light emission recessed part 35 has shown the example arrange
- the individual dot-like light emitting recesses 35 have the same diffraction grating shape and pitch. In this example, all the dot-like light emitting recesses 35 have the same inclination angle of the light exit surface 7 with respect to the back surface 2c.
- the direction of the groove of each dot-like light emitting recess 35 is arranged so as to be inclined at a certain angle ⁇ with respect to a straight line connecting the center of the dot-like light emitting recess 35 and the center of the light source 3B.
- This angle ⁇ is set as an angle at which the light having the same wavelength is reflected and diffracted in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the light guide plate from the reflecting surface of the dot-like light emitting recess 35.
- the dot-shaped light-emitting concave portions 35 are arranged in a 4 ⁇ 4 matrix, but the number and arrangement method of the dot-shaped light-emitting concave portions 35 are not limited to this. Further, not only the entire light guide plate may be set to look the same color, but also the dot-like light emitting recesses 35 may be set to look the same color in each region set on the light guide plate.
- each dot-like light emitting recess 35 can be individually viewed in an arbitrary color with respect to a certain set viewpoint, for example, the dot-like light emitting recess 35 is arranged on the entire surface of the light guide plate. Can be displayed in the same color, or a specific area can be displayed in a specific color.
- each dot-like light emitting recess has a random (irregular) color in at least a part of the region, that is, the color is irregularly distributed.
- the angle ⁇ of the dot-like light-emitting concave portion arranged on the entire light guide plate 2 is determined using a random number from a predetermined range of angles.
- the adjustment of the color visually recognized for the dot-like light-emitting recess 5 is not limited to the groove angle ⁇ (see FIG. 15), but can also be performed by adjusting the inclination angle of the reflecting surface 7 (angle ⁇ shown in FIG. 3). For this reason, the color of the dot-like light-emitting recessed part 5 can be set by adjusting either one or both of the inclination angle ⁇ of the reflecting surface 7 and the groove angle ⁇ . Since the inclination angle of the reflection surface 7 also affects the light reflection efficiency, color adjustment based on the inclination angle ⁇ of the reflection surface 7 and the groove angle ⁇ requires comprehensive consideration including reflection efficiency.
- the color of the dot-like light emitting recess 5 changes depending on the position of the observer.
- the position of the observer since the position of the observer often fluctuates, it is difficult to design such that only one specific color set in advance is visually recognized. It is possible to design such that it is visible.
- one dot-like light emitting recess 5 one of the colors in the range from yellow to red on the hue ring is visually recognized, and for the other one dot-like light emitting recess 5, one of the ranges from green to blue
- the color of the screen is visible.
- the color of the dot-like light emitting recess 5 changes depending on the position of the observer, but the change is limited to the above range. Further, it is possible to design such that some of the dot-like light emitting recesses 5 exhibit a specific range of colors, and the other part of the dot-like light emitting recesses 5 exhibits the above-described random color.
- FIG. 18 and 19 are diagrams showing examples of the dot-like light-emitting concave portions 5 in which the inclination angle of the light exit surface 7 (reflection surface or transmission surface) with respect to the back surface 2c is different from that in FIG. 18A and 18B show a dot-like light emitting recess 5A that is an example of the dot-like light emitting recess 5, wherein FIG. 18A is a cross-sectional view and FIG. 18B is a plan view.
- the dot-like light emitting recess 5A is a recess having a constant depth from the back surface 2c.
- the light exit surface 7 (7A) is the top surface of the dot-like light emitting recess 5A, and the inclination angle (with respect to the back surface 2c) is 0 degree.
- the planar view shape of the dot-like light emitting recess 5A may be substantially rectangular.
- Part of the incident light L1 incident from the end surface 2a and propagating through the light guide plate 2 is reflected by the light exit surface 7A (reflecting surface), and is then split by the diffraction grating 8 and emitted from the light emitting surface 2b side. To be emitted.
- Part of the incident light L2 from the light emitting surface 2b side is reflected by the light emitting surface 7A (reflecting surface). At that time, the light is split by the diffraction grating 8 and emitted from the light emitting surface 2b side as emitted light L4.
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the dot-like light emitting recess 5B in which the inclination angle ⁇ of the light exit surface 7 (reflection surface) with respect to the back surface 2c is 90 degrees.
- Incident light L1 propagating through the light guide plate 2 is split by the diffraction grating 8 when reflected by the light exit surface 7 (7B) (reflecting surface), and exits from the light emitting surface 2b side as outgoing light L4.
- FIG. 20 shows another embodiment of the light-emitting device of the present invention.
- the light guide plate 2 is fitted into the opening 12 formed in the wall 11.
- the light guide plate 2 is installed with the light emitting surface 2 b facing the front surface 11 a side of the wall portion 11.
- the light guide plate 2 can be in a posture perpendicular to the floor surface F1.
- the light source 3 is installed at a position away from the back surface 11 b on the back surface 11 b side of the wall portion 11. It is preferable that the light source 3 is installed at a position where it cannot be seen by the wall 11 from the viewer W1 on the front surface 11a side.
- the light source 3 can be provided at a height position close to the floor surface F1.
- the observer W1 can visually recognize the background (back surface 2c side) through the light guide plate 2.
- the light L3 emitted from the light source 3 and incident on the light guide plate 2 from the back surface 2c side is split by the diffraction grating 8 when passing through the light exit surface 7 (transmission surface), and is emitted from the light emission surface 2b side as emitted light L4. (See FIG. 3).
- a lens may be provided between the light source 3 and the light guide plate 2, and the light from the light source 3 may be collimated by this lens and then incident on the light guide plate 2.
- ⁇ 3 is an angle formed by the incident light L21 with respect to the line 13a perpendicular to the lattice plane, and ⁇ 3 is an angle formed by the transmitted light L22 with respect to the line 13a.
- Equation (3) indicates that light of different wavelengths having the same incident angle ⁇ 3 is transmitted and diffracted at different angles. By this action, white light incident at the same angle is dispersed, and the observer can visually recognize different colors depending on the viewing angle.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaining the transmission of light through the lattice plane (transmission plane 7) when the incident light is not within the main cross section 13.
- Incident light L23 inclined at an angle ⁇ with respect to the main cross section 13 passes through the lattice plane (transmission plane 7) and becomes transmitted light L24.
- the angle ⁇ ′′ is an angle with respect to the main cross section 13 of the transmitted light L24.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating a line L23 ′ obtained by projecting the incident light L23 onto the main cross section 13 and a line L24 ′ obtained by projecting the transmitted light L24 onto the main cross section 13.
- ⁇ incident light L23 '
- ⁇ 4 transmitted light L24'
- ⁇ 4 is a line L23 ′ obtained by projecting the incident light L23 onto the main cross section 13 with respect to a line 13a perpendicular to the lattice plane.
- ⁇ 4 is an angle formed by the line L24 ′ obtained by projecting the outgoing light L24 onto the main cross section 13 with respect to the line 13a, and ⁇ is an angle with respect to the main cross section 13 of the incident light L23. Note that “+” on the left side of the equations (1) to (4) may be “ ⁇ ”.
- each dot-shaped light emission recessed part 5 looks with a fundamentally different color.
- FIG. 24 shows another embodiment of the light-emitting device of the present invention.
- the light-emitting device 1D shown here is the light-emitting device shown in FIG. Different from the device 1C.
- the light source 3 is installed at a position away from the front surface 11a.
- the incident light L2 emitted from the light source 3 is split by the diffraction grating 8 when reflected by the light exit surface 7 (reflecting surface), and exits as the emitted light L4 from the light emitting surface 2b side.
- FIG. 25 shows still another embodiment of the light emitting device of the present invention.
- the light emitting device 1E shown here is the light emitting device of FIG. 20 except that the light guide plate 32 is used instead of the light guide plate 2. It is the same structure as 1C.
- the dot-like light-emitting concave portions 5 are formed not on the back surface 2c but on the light-emitting surface 2b.
- the light guide plate 32 is installed with the light emitting surface 2b facing the front surface 11a side of the wall portion 11.
- the light L5 emitted from the light source 3 and incident on the light guide plate 32 from the back surface 2c side is split by the diffraction grating 8 when passing through the light exit surface 7, and is emitted from the light emitting surface 2b side as emitted light L4.
- FIG. 26 shows still another embodiment of the light-emitting device of the present invention.
- the light-emitting device 1F shown here is that the light source 3 is provided on the front surface 11a side of the wall portion 11 in FIG. Different from the light emitting device 1E.
- the configuration other than the light source 3 and the light guide plate 32 can be the same as that of the light emitting device 1E of FIG.
- the light L6 emitted from the light source 3 is split by the diffraction grating 8 when reflected by the light exit surface 7 (reflecting surface), and exits as the emitted light L4 from the light emitting surface 2b side.
- FIG. 27 shows still another embodiment of the light-emitting device of the present invention.
- a light-emitting device 1G shown here includes a light guide plate 2 and two light sources 3A and 3B.
- the light source 3A is formed on the end surface 2a of the side 2A of the substantially rectangular light guide plate 2
- the light source 3B is formed on the end surface 2a of the side 2B adjacent to the side 2A of the light guide plate 2.
- the dot-like light emitting recess 5 is formed at a position and a direction corresponding to the positions of the light sources 3A and 3B so that the light from the light sources 3A and 3B can be reflected toward the light emitting surface 2b.
- the dot-like light emitting recess 5 is a dot having the dot-like light emitting recesses 51a, 51b, 51c having the reflecting surface 7 that reflects the light from the light source 3A and the reflecting surface 7 that reflects the light from the light source 3B.
- the dot-shaped light-emitting concave portions 5 can be arranged so that the dot-shaped light-emitting concave portions 5 that reflect the light emitted from the light sources 3A and 3B have different patterns. By lighting only one of the light sources 3A and 3B, different patterns can be displayed according to the light sources 3A and 3B.
- the number of light sources is not limited to 2, and may be any number of 3 or more.
- the diffraction grating is a linear groove.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the diffraction grating may be composed of a plurality of concentric grooves as shown in FIG.
- a so-called hologram pattern may be used.
- You may give reflective coatings, such as Ag, Al, and a multilayer film, to the reflective surface of a dot-shaped light emission recessed part. By applying this reflective coating, even if light is incident on the reflecting surface at an angle exceeding the total reflection critical angle, the spectral reflection can be stably performed.
- the light source was a white point light source, it is not necessary to be completely white light, for example, it may be yellow light that is a mixture of red and green light, or a certain color that is a mixture of red, blue, and green light
- the light of The effect of the present invention is equivalent if light of a color different from that of the original light is visually recognized by spectroscopy.
- a monochromatic light has a relatively wide wavelength range, and a monochromatic light of a purer color can be visually recognized by spectroscopy, and thus such monochromatic light may be used.
- the light source may be a plurality of light emitting diodes or laser diodes arranged in the direction in which the light guide plate extends.
- the light source may be a plurality of light emitting diodes or laser diodes arranged in the direction in which the light guide plate extends.
- the dispersed light will overlap, so if too many light sources are arranged closely, it will approach white light As a result, the spectral effect is diminished. If a plurality of light sources are installed and lighted one by one sequentially or irregularly, it becomes possible to change the color of the dots without worrying about overlapping of light.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2011年8月12日に日本に出願された特願2011-176739号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
回折格子は白色光を入射すると、それを分光して波長毎に違った角度に回折するので、あるデザインを回折格子で構成することにより、外光の照射によりデザインが虹色に輝いたり、視点を変えると色合いが変化して見えたりするような視覚効果を与えることが可能となるので、広く装飾用途に使用される。
本発明は、透明な導光板と、該導光板に光を入射させる光源とを備え、前記導光板には、入射した前記光源からの光を発光面から出射させる出光面を有するドット状発光凹部が複数形成され、前記ドット状発光凹部の出光面には、一定周期の並列した溝の集合である回折格子が形成されている発光装置を提供する。
前記出光面は、前記光源からの光を反射させ前記発光面から出射させる反射面であることが好ましい。
前記出光面は、前記光源からの光を透過させ前記発光面から出射させる透過面であることが好ましい。
前記ドット状発光凹部は、前記導光板の発光面とは反対側の裏面に形成されていることが好ましい。
前記光源は、前記導光板の端面に設けられ、前記端面から光を入射させることが好ましい。
前記回折格子における溝の本数は、1mmあたり200以上2000以下であることが好ましい。
複数の前記ドット状発光凹部は、全体として特定の意匠を形成するように配置されている構成であってよい。
前記出光面は、前記導光板の前記発光面とは反対側の裏面に対する角度が0°以上90°以下であることが好ましい。
前記光源がすべて白色光源である構成としてもよい。
図1及び図2に示すように、発光装置1は、矩形板形状の導光板2と、導光板2の端面2aに設けられた光源3とを備えており、光源3から入射した光を反射して、導光板2の発光面2bから出射するものである。なお、図1においては、観察者は導光板2に対して上方正面に位置しているが、観察者は、導光板2に対して特定の方向及び距離にいると想定されている。
図3に示すように、ドット状発光凹部5の光源3からの光の入射方向に沿った断面形状は、端面2a側に形成された反射面7を斜辺とする三角形をなしている。反射面7は、平坦であることが好ましい。図3は、反射面7と裏面2cの双方に垂直な断面を示す。
図4に示すように、ドット状発光凹部5の平面視した形状は略矩形とされている。光源3に最も近い反射面7の縁部(図4では反射面7の4つの辺のうち最も光源3に近い下辺7a)は、平面視において光源3からの入射光に対し垂直とすることができる。なお、下辺7aは平面視で入射光に対し垂直でなくてもよい。
また、導光板2に形成された貫通孔であってもよいし、導光板2内に形成された空間部であってもよい。
また、この傾斜角度αは、小さすぎれば出射光の傾斜角度も大きくなり、発光装置1を正面から見たときのドット状発光凹部5の視認性が低下する。傾斜角度が大きすぎれば、光の入射角度が臨界角を超え、反射面7を透過する光の割合が増加するため、光の反射効率が低下し、やはり正面から見たときのドット状発光凹部5の視認性が低下する。
以上のような観点から、反射面7の傾斜角度は、30度以上60度以下が好ましい。傾斜角度をこの範囲とすることによって、光の反射効率を高くするとともに、反射光を発光面2bに対し垂直に近い角度で出射させ、ドット状発光凹部5の視認性を高めることができる。
傾斜角度αとは、反射面7と裏面2cのなす角度である。具体的には、反射面7と裏面2cとがドット状発光凹部5を挟んでなす角度である。
なお、図示例では裏面2cと発光面2bは平行であるため、傾斜角度αは、発光面2bに対する反射面7の傾斜角度でもある。
本実施形態の回折格子8は、反射面7上に一定周期で並列に形成された平行な溝9から構成されている。溝9の方向は、特に限定されるものではないが、反射面7を含む面と、裏面2cとの交線に直交する線であって、反射面7内の線の方向に形成されていることが望ましい。
図7に示すように、光源3から出射される光は、ある程度の広がりを有しており、広がった光は、導光板2の発光面2b及び裏面2cで反射しながら反射面7に入射される。光源3から出射されて反射面7に入射される光は、水平に直接入射する光だけでなく、反射を繰り返して上下方向から様々な角度で入射することとなる。
回折格子8の1mmあたりの溝9の本数は、200以上2000以下とされている。即ち、隣り合う溝9同士の間隔(溝9のピッチ)は、0.5μm以上5μm以下とされている。ピッチが小さすぎても大きすぎても可視光に対しては充分な分光の効果が得られない。
なお、溝9の形状は、鋸歯形状に限ることはなく、回折作用を示す形状であればよい。例えば、正弦波状、矩形状を採用することができる。
図3に示すように、端面2aから入射して導光板2内を伝搬する入射光L1の一部は、反射面7で反射し、その際、回折格子8で分光されて発光面2b側から出射光L4として出射する。
図3に示すように、発光面2b側から入射した光L2の一部は、反射面7で反射し、その際、回折格子8によって分光されて発光面2b側から出射光L4として出射する。
後述するように、回折格子8は、透過型の回折格子8であってもよい。この場合には、裏面2c側から入射した光L3の一部は、反射面7を透過し、その際、回折格子8で分光されて発光面2b側から出射光L4として出射する。
図8に示すように、回折格子8の溝9の方向ベクトルをbとし、格子面(反射面7)内で溝9に垂直な方向ベクトルをaとし、a、bが規定する平面(格子面)に対する法線ベクトルをpとしたとき、a,pが規定する平面を主断面13と定義する。13aは主断面13内にあって格子面に垂直な線(法線)である。
まず、主断面13内での回折について説明する。図9に示すように、波長λの光(入射光L11)は、入射角α1で回折格子8に入射すると、以下の数式(1)を満たすように、角度β1で反射回折する(出射光L12)。
この作用により、同じ角度で入射した白色光は分光されて、観察者は見る角度に応じて、異なる色を視認することができる。
主断面13に対し角度γで傾斜した入射光L13は、格子面(反射面7)で反射し、出射光L14として出射する。入射光L13の主断面13に対する角度γと、出射光L14の主断面13に対する角度γ’とは、例えばγ=γ’の関係がある。
図12に示すように、基部21の下面に刃部22が突出して形成された加工具23を使用する。刃部22は、ドット状発光凹部5に応じた形状とし、その反射面7にあたる部分22aには回折格子が形成されている。δは刃部22の頂角である。
図13に示すように、加工具23を、刃部22の形成方向に沿って下降させて刃部22を導光板2の裏面2cに押し込む。この際、刃部22と導光板2のうち一方または両方を導光板2の材料の軟化点以上の温度に加熱しておくことができる。押し込んだ後、導光板材料を軟化点温度以下になるまで冷却し、図14に示すように、加工具23を上昇させて刃部22を引き抜く。加熱方法は、ヒータ、超音波、高周波、赤外線、レーザ等、各種の加熱法をとることができる。
また、刃部22の部分22aの角度(裏面2cに対する角度)を調節することによって、形成されるドット状発光凹部5の反射面7の裏面2cに対する角度(図3の角度α)を調整することも可能である。
そして、加工具23を水平移動させて、同様の操作を繰り返すことによって、複数のドット状発光凹部5からなる表示部6を形成し、発光装置1を得る。
加工具23を使用する製造方法によれば、正確な形状のドット状発光凹部5を任意の位置に形成できるので、自由なデザインの導光板を製作することができる。
このような製造方法は、ドット状発光凹部を1個ずつ形成する方法であるため大量生産にはあまり適さないが、同じ製品を大量生産する場合には、このような方法で製作した導光板をマスターとして電鋳法等で型取りし、この型を用いて射出成形やプレス成形を行う方法で対応することも可能である。
発光装置1Bは、光源3Bとして、白色点光源を採用した形態であり、平面視において矩形状の導光板2Bの下部中央に配置されている。
個々のドット状発光凹部35の溝の向きは、ドット状発光凹部35の中央と、光源3Bの中央を結んだ直線に対して一定の角度θ傾くように配置されている。この角度θは、ドット状発光凹部35の反射面から、導光板の平面に垂直方向に同一の波長の光が反射回折される角度として設定されている。このような配置とすることにより、全てのドット状発光凹部から、導光板の平面に垂直方向に、特定の同一波長の光が反射されることになるので、視点を無限遠に設定すると、全てのドット状発光凹部が同じ色に見えることになる。
このように、ある設定された視点に対して個々のドット状発光凹部35を個別に任意の色で見えるようにすることができるので、例えば導光板全面にドット状発光凹部35を配置し、全面を同じ色で見せるようにすることも可能であるし、特定の領域を特定の色で見せるようにすることも可能となる。
例えば、1つのドット状発光凹部5については、色相環上の黄から赤の範囲のいずれかの色を視認させ、他の1つのドット状発光凹部5については、緑から青の範囲のいずれかの色を視認させるような設計は可能である。この場合には、ドット状発光凹部5の色は観察者の位置によって変化するが、その変化は上記範囲に限定される。
また、一部のドット状発光凹部5については特定範囲の色を呈し、他の一部のドット状発光凹部5については上述のランダムな色を呈するような設計も可能である。
図18は、ドット状発光凹部5の一例であるドット状発光凹部5Aを示し、(a)は断面図、(b)は平面図である。図18(a)に示すように、ドット状発光凹部5Aは、裏面2cからの深さが一定である凹部である。
出光面7(7A)はドット状発光凹部5Aの天面であって、(裏面2cに対する)傾斜角度は0度である。図18(b)に示すように、ドット状発光凹部5Aの平面視形状は略矩形としてよい。
発光面2b側からの入射光L2の一部は、出光面7A(反射面)で反射し、その際、回折格子8によって分光されて発光面2b側から出射光L4として出射する。
裏面2c側からの入射光L3の一部は、出光面7A(透過面)を透過し、その際、回折格子8で分光されて発光面2b側から出射光L4として出射する。
導光板2内を伝搬する入射光L1は、出光面7(7B)(反射面)で反射する際に回折格子8で分光されて発光面2b側から出射光L4として出射する。
導光板2は、壁部11の前面11a側に発光面2bを向けて設置されている。導光板2は床面F1に対し垂直な姿勢とすることができる。
光源3は、壁部11の背面11b側において、背面11bから離れた位置に設置されている。光源3は、前面11a側にいる観察者W1からは壁部11に遮られて見えない位置に設置するのが好ましい。光源3は、床面F1に近い高さ位置に設けることができる。観察者W1は、導光板2を通して背景(裏面2c側)を視認できる。
光源3から出射され、裏面2c側から導光板2に入射した光L3は、出光面7(透過面)を透過する際に回折格子8で分光されて発光面2b側から出射光L4として出射する(図3参照)。
なお、光源3と導光板2との間にレンズを設けて、このレンズによって、光源3からの光を平行化してから導光板2に入射させてもよい。
まず、主断面13(図8参照)内での回折については、図21に示すように、波長λの光(入射光L21)が入射角α3で回折格子8に入射すると、以下の数式(3)を満たすように、角度β3で透過回折する(透過光L22)。
この作用により、同じ角度で入射した白色光は分光されて、観察者は見る角度に応じて、異なる色を視認することができる。
主断面13に対し角度γで傾斜した入射光L23は、格子面(透過面7)を透過し、透過光L24となる。角度γ”は、透過光L24の主断面13に対する角度である。
光源3から出射された入射光L2は、出光面7(反射面)で反射する際に回折格子8によって分光されて発光面2b側から出射光L4として出射する。
導光板32では、ドット状発光凹部5は、裏面2cではなく発光面2bに形成されている。
導光板32は、壁部11の前面11a側に発光面2bを向けて設置されている。
光源3から出射され、裏面2c側から導光板32に入射した光L5は、出光面7を透過する際に回折格子8で分光されて発光面2b側から出射光L4として出射する。
光源3および導光板32以外の構成は図25の発光装置1Eと同じとすることができる。
光源3から出射された光L6は、出光面7(反射面)で反射する際に回折格子8によって分光されて発光面2b側から出射光L4として出射する。
光源3Aは、略矩形の導光板2の辺2Aの端面2aに形成され、光源3Bは、導光板2の辺2Aに隣接する辺2Bの端面2aに形成されている。
ドット状発光凹部5は、光源3A、3Bの位置に対応して、光源3A、3Bからの光を発光面2b側に反射できる位置および方向に形成される。
具体的には、ドット状発光凹部5は、光源3Aからの光を反射する反射面7を有するドット状発光凹部51a、51b、51cと、光源3Bからの光を反射する反射面7を有するドット状発光凹部52a、52b、52c、52dとを有する。
ドット状発光凹部5は、光源3A、3B毎に、その光源から発する光を反射するドット状発光凹部5が、互いに異なるパターンをなすように配置することができる。
光源3A、3Bのいずれか一方のみを点灯することにより、光源3A、3Bに応じて異なったパターンを表示させることができる。
光源の数は、2に限らず、3以上の任意の数としてもよい。
ドット状発光凹部の反射面には、AgやAl、多層膜等の反射コーティングを施しても良い。この反射コーティングを施すことにより、反射面に全反射臨界角を超えた角度で光が入射しても安定して分光反射が行えるようになる。
特にLEDの場合、単色光であっても波長範囲が比較的広く、分光によってより純粋な色の単色光を視認させることも可能なので、そのような単色光でもよい。
2、2B 導光板
2a 導光板の端面
2b 導光板の発光面
2c 導光板の裏面
3、3B 光源
5、5A、5B、35 ドット状発光凹部(凹状の切り欠き)
6 表示部
7、7A、7B 反射面、透過面、出光面
8 回折格子
9 回折格子の溝
11 壁部
11a 壁部前面
11b 壁部背面
12 壁部の開口部
21 加工具の基部
22 加工具の刃部
22a 刃部の反射面にあたる部分
23 加工具
L1 導光板内を伝播する入射光
L2 発光面側から入射した光
L3 裏面側から入射した光
L4 出射光
W1 観察者
α 反射面の傾斜角度
Claims (13)
- 透明な導光板と、該導光板に光を入射させる光源とを備え、
前記導光板には、入射した前記光源からの光を発光面から出射させる出光面を有するドット状発光凹部が複数形成され、前記ドット状発光凹部の出光面には、一定周期の並列した溝の集合である回折格子が形成されている発光装置。 - 前記出光面は、前記光源からの光を反射させ前記発光面から出射させる反射面である請求項1に記載の発光装置。
- 前記出光面は、前記光源からの光を透過させ前記発光面から出射させる透過面である請求項1に記載の発光装置。
- 前記ドット状発光凹部は、前記導光板の発光面とは反対側の裏面に形成されている請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の発光装置。
- 前記光源は、前記導光板の端面に設けられ、前記端面から光を入射させる請求項1または2に記載の発光装置。
- 前記回折格子の溝は、その出光面を含む面と前記裏面の交線に直交する前記出光面内の線の方向に形成されている請求項4に記載の発光装置。
- 前記回折格子における溝の本数は、1mmあたり200以上2000以下である請求項1から請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の発光装置。
- 複数の前記ドット状発光凹部は、全体として特定の意匠を形成するように配置されている請求項1から請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の発光装置。
- 前記出光面は、前記導光板の前記発光面とは反対側の裏面に対する角度が0°以上90°以下である請求項1から請求項8のいずれか一項に記載の発光装置。
- 前記ドット状発光凹部の前記光源に対する角度θは、特定の視点からみたときに前記導光板の少なくとも一部の領域内で色が同じになるように調節されている請求項1から請求項9のいずれか一項に記載の発光装置。
- 前記ドット状発光凹部の前記光源に対する角度θは、特定の視点からみたときに前記導光板の少なくとも一部の領域内で色が不規則に分布するように調整されている請求項1から請求項9のいずれか一項に記載の発光装置。
- 前記光源は、複数の発光ダイオード又はレーザーダイオードを前記導光板の延在する方向に配列したものである請求項1から請求項11のいずれか一項に記載の発光装置。
- 前記光源がすべて白色光源である請求項1から請求項12のいずれか一項に記載の発光装置。
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JP2012558110A JP5538571B2 (ja) | 2011-08-12 | 2012-08-10 | 発光装置 |
EP12823649.4A EP2662851A4 (en) | 2011-08-12 | 2012-08-10 | LIGHT EMITTING DEVICE |
CN201280002712.6A CN103080995B (zh) | 2011-08-12 | 2012-08-10 | 发光装置 |
US13/909,501 US8690413B2 (en) | 2011-08-12 | 2013-06-04 | Light-emitting device |
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EP (1) | EP2662851A4 (ja) |
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US8690413B2 (en) | 2014-04-08 |
CN103080995A (zh) | 2013-05-01 |
CN103080995B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
EP2662851A1 (en) | 2013-11-13 |
JP5538571B2 (ja) | 2014-07-02 |
US20130265802A1 (en) | 2013-10-10 |
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JPWO2013024812A1 (ja) | 2015-03-05 |
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