WO2013021431A1 - 固体電池 - Google Patents
固体電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013021431A1 WO2013021431A1 PCT/JP2011/067937 JP2011067937W WO2013021431A1 WO 2013021431 A1 WO2013021431 A1 WO 2013021431A1 JP 2011067937 W JP2011067937 W JP 2011067937W WO 2013021431 A1 WO2013021431 A1 WO 2013021431A1
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- solid
- water
- battery
- absorbing agent
- fluid flow
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/654—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells located inside the innermost case of the cells, e.g. mandrels, electrodes or electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
- H01M10/0562—Solid materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
- H01M2200/30—Preventing polarity reversal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solid battery using a solid electrolyte.
- a lithium ion secondary battery (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a “lithium secondary battery”) has characteristics that it has a higher energy density than other secondary batteries and can operate at a high voltage. For this reason, it is used as a secondary battery that can be easily reduced in size and weight in information equipment such as a mobile phone, and in recent years, there is an increasing demand for large motive power such as for electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles.
- a lithium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode layer and a negative electrode layer, and an electrolyte layer disposed therebetween.
- the electrolyte included in the electrolyte layer include non-aqueous liquid and solid substances. Used. When a liquid electrolyte (hereinafter referred to as “electrolytic solution”) is used, the electrolytic solution easily penetrates into the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer. Therefore, an interface between the active material contained in the positive electrode layer or the negative electrode layer and the electrolytic solution is easily formed, and the performance is easily improved.
- electrolyte since the widely used electrolyte is flammable, it is necessary to mount a system for ensuring safety.
- solid electrolyte a solid electrolyte that is nonflammable
- solid electrolyte layer a layer containing a solid electrolyte
- Patent Document 1 discloses a lithium secondary in which an electrode body having a laminate in which at least a positive electrode layer, a solid electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode layer are laminated in this order is sealed in an outer package.
- An all-solid lithium secondary battery having a cooling element and a moisture removing agent that adsorbs moisture trapped by the cooling element is disclosed in a battery.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a solid state battery capable of suppressing deterioration.
- a first aspect of the present invention includes an electrode body having a pair of electrode layers, a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the pair of electrode layers, and an exterior body that houses the electrode body.
- the solid battery is characterized in that a water absorbing agent is provided in the body, and a heat insulating material is disposed between the water absorbing agent and the electrode body.
- a pair of electrode layers means a positive electrode active material.
- the positive electrode layer containing and the negative electrode layer containing a negative electrode active material are said.
- the “heat insulating material” refers to a heat insulating material having air permeability.
- a heat insulating material is disposed between the water absorbing agent and the electrode body. Therefore, even if the temperature of the electrode body rises, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise of the water absorbing agent. By suppressing the temperature rise of the water-absorbing agent, it becomes possible to suppress a decrease in the water-absorbing performance of the water-absorbing agent, so that the situation where the solid electrolyte contained in the electrode body reacts with water can be suppressed. . Since the deterioration of the battery can be suppressed by suppressing the situation where the solid electrolyte and water react, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the solid battery capable of suppressing the deterioration is provided. Can be provided.
- the water-absorbing agent and the electrode body are arranged in parallel with each other in the stacking direction of the layers constituting the electrode body.
- the electrode body is likely to generate heat in the stacking direction of each layer constituting the electrode body. Therefore, it becomes easy to suppress the temperature rise of a water absorbing agent by arrange
- a fluid flow path may be connected to the exterior body, fluid may flow through the exterior body and the fluid flow path, and a water absorbing agent may be disposed in the fluid flow path.
- the water absorbing agent disposed in the fluid flow passage is unlikely to deteriorate in water absorption performance.
- the water absorbing agent By maintaining the water absorbing performance of the water absorbing agent, it becomes easy to suppress the deterioration of the battery. Therefore, by disposing the water absorbing agent in the fluid circulation furnace, it becomes easy to suppress the deterioration of the solid battery. Also, by placing the water absorbing agent in the fluid flow path, even if the solid battery is warmed and used to reduce resistance, the temperature increase of the water absorbing agent placed in the fluid flow path is suppressed.
- a second aspect of the present invention includes an electrode body having a pair of electrode layers, a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the pair of electrode layers, and an exterior body that accommodates the electrode body.
- the solid battery is characterized in that a fluid flow passage is connected to the body, fluid flows through the exterior body and the fluid flow passage, and a water-absorbing agent is disposed in the fluid flow passage.
- the water-absorbing agent is disposed in the fluid flow passage connected to the exterior body that houses the electrode body.
- the water-absorbing agent By arranging the water-absorbing agent in the fluid flow path through which the fluid flows, it becomes possible to absorb water efficiently.
- the temperature in the fluid flow path is less likely to rise than in the exterior material that houses the electrode material, the water absorption performance of the water-absorbing agent disposed in the fluid flow path is difficult.
- the water absorbing performance of the water absorbing agent it becomes easy to suppress the deterioration of the battery. Therefore, according to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a solid battery capable of suppressing the deterioration.
- the temperature of the water absorbing agent is increased by arranging the water absorbing agent in the fluid flow passage. It is possible to suppress water and maintain the water absorption performance of the water absorbing agent. Therefore, according to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a solid state battery capable of suppressing deterioration even when warmed and used.
- the solid electrolyte layer contains a sulfide-based solid electrolyte. Even if it is this form, the solid battery which can suppress deterioration can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a solid battery 10.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining the solid battery.
- 2 is a diagram illustrating a solid battery 30.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining the difference in the dew point by a water absorbing agent. It is a figure explaining the difference in the battery performance by a dew point.
- the present inventors investigated the relationship between the temperature and dew point of a water-absorbing agent (hereinafter also referred to as “humectant”). Specifically, 25 g of zeolite (Molecular Sieve 3A, manufactured by Nacalai Tesque Co., Ltd.) vacuum-dried at 280 ° C. for 8 hours as a hygroscopic agent was placed in a 200 ml glass container in which a dew point meter was previously attached. Charged and sealed. Next, the temperature environment was increased from 25 ° C. to 60 ° C. while measuring the dew point in the glass container. Furthermore, the temperature environment was lowered from 60 ° C. to 25 ° C. after 3 hours had passed since the dew point measurement in the glass container was started.
- zeolite Molecular Sieve 3A, manufactured by Nacalai Tesque Co., Ltd.
- dew point The relationship between dew point and temperature is shown in FIG.
- the vertical axis on the left is the dew point [° C.]
- the vertical axis on the right is the temperature [° C.]
- the horizontal axis is the measurement time [min].
- “ ⁇ ” in FIG. 1 indicates the measurement result of the dew point
- “ ⁇ ” indicates the measurement result of the temperature.
- the present inventors can suppress a decrease in water absorption capacity of the hygroscopic agent by suppressing the temperature rise of the hygroscopic agent, and as a result, can suppress deterioration of the solid battery. As a result, the present invention has been completed.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the solid state battery 10 of the present invention according to the first embodiment. 2 is the stacking direction of the layers constituting the electrode body 4.
- the water absorbing agent 7 and the heat insulating material 8 are shown in a simplified manner.
- the solid battery 10 includes a positive electrode layer 1 and a negative electrode layer 3, an electrode body 4 having a solid electrolyte layer 2 disposed therebetween, and a sealing material that seals the electrode body 4. 5 and an exterior body 6 that accommodates the electrode body 4 sealed by the sealing material 5.
- the positive electrode layer 1 is connected to a positive current collector (not shown), and the negative electrode layer 3 is connected to a negative current collector (not shown).
- a water absorbing agent 7 is arranged around the sealing material 5 and inside the exterior body 6 so that the electrode body 4 and the water absorbing agent 7 are arranged in parallel in the stacking direction of each layer constituting the electrode body 4.
- a heat insulating material 8 is disposed between 7 and the electrode body 4.
- the heat insulating material 8 is disposed between the electrode body 4 and the water absorbent 7, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise of the water absorbent 7 even if the temperature of the electrode body 4 rises. Become.
- the electrode body 4 is likely to generate heat in the stacking direction of each layer constituting the electrode body 4. Therefore, by arranging the water absorbing agent 7 so that the electrode body 4 and the water absorbing agent 7 are juxtaposed in the stacking direction of each layer constituting the electrode body, it becomes easy to suppress the temperature rise of the water absorbing agent 7.
- the solid battery 10 since it is possible to suppress the temperature rise of the water absorbing agent 7, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the water absorbing capacity of the water absorbing agent 7. By suppressing the decrease in the water absorption capacity of the water absorbent 7, it becomes easier for the water absorbent 7 to adsorb water existing inside the exterior body 6. By adsorbing water to the water-absorbing agent 7, it becomes difficult for the solid electrolyte constituting the electrode body 4 and water to react with each other, so that deterioration of the solid battery 10 can be suppressed. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a solid state battery 10 capable of suppressing deterioration.
- the positive electrode active material contained in the positive electrode layer 1 a known active material that can be contained in the positive electrode layer of the lithium ion secondary battery can be appropriately used.
- a positive electrode active material in addition to a layered active material such as lithium cobaltate (LiCoO 2 ) and lithium nickelate (LiNiO 2 ), an olivine type active material such as olivine type lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ), A spinel type active material such as spinel type lithium manganate (LiMn 2 O 4 ) can be exemplified.
- the solid electrolyte contained in the positive electrode layer 1 a known solid electrolyte that can be contained in the positive electrode layer of the lithium ion secondary battery can be appropriately used.
- a solid electrolyte include Li 3 PS 4 , sulfide-based solid electrolytes such as Li 2 S—P 2 S 5 prepared by mixing Li 2 S and P 2 S 5 , and Li 3 PO 4.
- oxide solid electrolytes, nitride solid electrolytes, halide solid electrolytes, and the like examples of oxide solid electrolytes, nitride solid electrolytes, halide solid electrolytes, and the like.
- the form of the solid electrolyte contained in the positive electrode layer 1 is not particularly limited, and may be an amorphous solid electrolyte or glass ceramics in addition to a crystalline solid electrolyte.
- the positive electrode layer 1 may contain a binder for binding the positive electrode active material and the solid electrolyte and a conductive material for improving conductivity.
- the binder that can be contained in the positive electrode layer 1 include styrene butadiene rubber (SBR).
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- the conductive material that can be contained in the positive electrode layer 1 include vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF). “VGCF” is a registered trademark of Showa Denko KK, and the same shall apply hereinafter) and carbon materials such as carbon black, as well as metal materials that can withstand the environment when a solid battery is used.
- the thickness of the positive electrode layer 1 is not specifically limited, It can be set as the same thickness as the positive electrode layer in a well-known solid battery.
- the solid electrolyte contained in the solid electrolyte layer 2 a known solid electrolyte that can be used in a solid battery can be appropriately used.
- examples of such a solid electrolyte include the solid electrolyte that can be contained in the positive electrode layer 1.
- the thickness of the solid electrolyte layer 2 is not specifically limited, It can be set as the same thickness as the solid electrolyte layer in a well-known solid battery.
- the negative electrode active material contained in the negative electrode layer 3 a known active material that can be contained in the negative electrode layer of the lithium ion secondary battery can be appropriately used. Examples of such an active material include graphite.
- a solid electrolyte contained in the negative electrode layer 3 the well-known solid electrolyte which can be contained in the negative electrode layer of a lithium ion secondary battery can be used suitably. Examples of such a solid electrolyte include the solid electrolyte that can be contained in the positive electrode layer 1.
- the negative electrode layer 3 may contain a binder for binding the negative electrode active material and the solid electrolyte, and a conductive material for improving conductivity.
- the binder and conductive material that can be contained in the negative electrode layer 3 include the binder and conductive material that can be contained in the positive electrode layer 1.
- the thickness of the negative electrode layer 3 is not specifically limited, It can be set as the thickness similar to the negative electrode layer in a well-known solid battery.
- a laminate film or the like used when the electrode body of the lithium ion secondary battery is sealed under reduced pressure can be appropriately used.
- the constituent material of such a laminate film include resin films such as polyethylene, polyvinyl fluoride, and polyvinylidene chloride, and metal deposited films obtained by depositing a metal such as aluminum on these surfaces.
- the constituent material of the exterior body 6 is not particularly limited as long as it is made of a material that can withstand the environment when the solid battery 10 operates.
- the exterior body 6 can be made of metal such as aluminum or stainless steel, for example.
- the water-absorbing agent 7 is capable of adsorbing moisture present in the outer package 6 when the solid battery 10 is used or when the solid battery 10 is stored, and is capable of absorbing water by suppressing a temperature rise.
- a well-known water-absorbing agent that can suppress the decrease in the viscosity can be appropriately used.
- examples of such a water absorbing agent include molecular sieve (zeolite), silica gel, phosphorus pentoxide, barium oxide, calcium oxide, activated carbon and the like.
- zeolite capable of adsorbing hydrogen sulfide.
- the heat insulating material 8 a known heat insulating material that can reduce heat transferred from the electrode material 4 to the water absorbing agent 7 when the solid battery 10 is used can be appropriately used.
- a heat insulating material include known glass wool, rock wool, and urethane foam.
- the positive electrode current collector connected to the positive electrode layer 1 and the negative electrode current collector connected to the negative electrode layer 3 are a negative electrode current collector or a positive electrode current collector of a lithium ion secondary battery. It can comprise with the well-known electroconductive material which can be used as. Examples of such a conductive material include one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ni, Al, V, Au, Pt, Mg, Fe, Ti, Co, Cr, Zn, Ge, and In. Examples of the metal material to be included are illustrated. Moreover, the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector can be formed into a shape such as a metal foil or a metal mesh, for example.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the solid battery 20 of the present invention according to the second embodiment (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as “assembled battery 20”).
- the vertical direction of the drawing in FIG. 3 is the stacking direction of the layers constituting the electrode body.
- the water-absorbing agent 7 and the solid battery 10 are shown in a simplified manner, and repeated partial reference numerals are omitted.
- the assembled battery 20 includes a plurality of solid state batteries 10, 10,..., An exterior body 21 that houses the solid state batteries 10, 10, and so on, and a fluid flow path connected to the exterior body 21. 22.
- the current collectors 23, 23,... Extend from the end surfaces of the solid batteries 10, 10,..., And one end of each of the current collectors 23, 23,. It is connected to the terminal 24.
- the terminal 24 is connected to the positive electrode layer 1, 1,... Or the negative electrode layer 3, 3,.
- the assembled battery 20 has terminals (not shown) connected to the negative electrode layers 3, 3,... Or the positive electrode layers 1, 1,.
- a fluid flow path 22 is connected to the exterior body 21, and the water absorbent 7 is disposed in the fluid flow path 22.
- the fluid flow passage 22 is preferably a fluid in the outer package 21 (for example, an inert gas that does not deteriorate the battery performance (for example, Ar gas, N 2 gas, or a mixed gas thereof). The same applies hereinafter).
- the fluid flowing into the flow passage 22 and flowing through the fluid flow passage 22 is connected to the exterior body 21 in a form capable of flowing into the exterior body 21.
- the fluid flow path 22 connected to the exterior body 21 is located outside the exterior body 21 that houses the solid state batteries 10, 10. For this reason, even if the temperature of the electrode bodies 4, 4,.
- the temperature rise of the water absorbent 7 disposed in the fluid flow path 22 can be suppressed. Since the battery pack 20 is provided with the water-absorbing agent 7 in which a rise in temperature is suppressed and a decrease in water absorption capability is suppressed, it is possible to suppress the reaction between water and the solid electrolyte. Therefore, according to 2nd Embodiment of this invention, the assembled battery 20 which can suppress deterioration can be provided.
- the water absorbing agent 7 is also disposed outside the exterior body 21 (in the fluid flow passage 22). Therefore, even if the temperature in the exterior body 21 is intentionally increased in order to reduce the resistance and improve the output, the temperature of the water-absorbing agent 7 disposed in the fluid flow passage 22 is relatively difficult to increase. Therefore, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide the assembled battery 20 capable of suppressing deterioration even when it is intentionally heated and used.
- the same material as that of the exterior body 6 can be used for the exterior body 21 and the fluid flow passage 22.
- the current collector 23 can be made of a known conductive material that can be used as a current collector of a lithium ion secondary battery.
- a conductive material include one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ni, Al, V, Au, Pt, Mg, Fe, Ti, Co, Cr, Zn, Ge, and In. Examples of the metal material to be included are illustrated.
- the current collector 23 can be formed into a shape such as a metal foil or a metal mesh, for example.
- the terminal 24 can be made of the same material as the current collector 23.
- the temperature of the assembled battery 20 is less likely to rise in the fluid flow path 22 than in the outer package 21. Therefore, it is considered possible to circulate the fluid in the exterior body 21 and the fluid flow passage 22 without using a device that circulates the fluid.
- a device that circulates fluid is not shown in FIG. 3, the second embodiment of the present invention is not limited to a configuration that does not use a device that circulates fluid. From the viewpoint of making the solid electrolyte and water difficult to react by increasing the water absorption efficiency by the water absorbing agent 7 disposed in the fluid flow passage 22 in a form in which the fluid is easily circulated, It is also possible to arrange a device (for example, a known pump) that circulates fluid in the fluid flow passage 22.
- positioned the heat insulating material 8 inside the exterior body 6 was illustrated, 2nd Embodiment of this invention which arrange
- the heat insulating material 8 may be disposed only on the outside of the exterior body 6 (for example, the fluid flow passage 22), or may be disposed on the inside and outside of the exterior body 6.
- the water-absorbing agent 7 is disposed inside the exterior body 6 and in the fluid flow passage 22 .
- the water-absorbing agent 7 is disposed outside the exterior body 6 and inside the exterior body 21. It is also possible to arrange only in the fluid flow passage 22.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a solid state battery 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as “assembled battery 30”).
- the up and down direction on the page of FIG. 4 is the stacking direction of the layers constituting the electrode body.
- the water-absorbing agent 7 and the solid battery 31 are shown in a simplified manner, and repeated partial reference numerals are omitted. 4, the same reference numerals as those used in FIGS. 2 and 3 are given to the same configurations as those of the solid battery 10 and the assembled battery 20, and the description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.
- the battery pack 30 includes a plurality of solid state batteries 31, 31,..., An exterior body 21 that houses the solid batteries 31, 31, and so on, and a fluid flow path connected to the exterior body 21. 22.
- the solid battery 31 is configured in the same manner as the solid battery 10 except that the heat insulating material and the water-absorbing agent are not arranged in the exterior body 6.
- the current collectors 23, 23,... Extend from the end surfaces of the solid batteries 31, 31,..., And one end of each of the current collectors 23, 23,. It is connected to the terminal 24.
- the terminal 24 is connected to the positive electrode layer 1, 1,... Or the negative electrode layer 3, 3,.
- the assembled battery 30 has terminals (not shown) connected to the negative electrode layers 3, 3,... Or the positive electrode layers 1, 1,.
- a fluid flow passage 22 is connected to the exterior body 21, and the water absorbent 7 is disposed in the fluid flow passage 22.
- the fluid flow path 22 is configured so that the fluid in the exterior body 21 can flow into the fluid flow path 22 and the fluid that has flowed through the fluid flow path 22 can flow into the exterior body 21. It is connected.
- the fluid flow path 22 connected to the exterior body 21 is located outside the exterior body 21 that houses the solid state batteries 31, 31,. Therefore, even if the temperature of the electrode bodies 4, 4,... Rises, the temperature in the fluid flow passage 22 is relatively difficult to rise. Therefore, according to the assembled battery 30, the temperature increase of the water absorbent 7 arranged in the fluid flow path 22 can be suppressed.
- the battery pack 30 is provided with the water absorbing agent 7 in which the temperature rise is suppressed and the decrease in the water absorption capacity is suppressed, the reaction between water and the solid electrolyte can be suppressed. Therefore, according to 3rd Embodiment of this invention, the assembled battery 30 which can suppress deterioration can be provided.
- the water-absorbing agent 7 is disposed outside the exterior body 21 (in the fluid flow passage 22). Therefore, even if the temperature in the exterior body 21 is intentionally increased in order to reduce the resistance and improve the output, the temperature of the water-absorbing agent 7 disposed in the fluid flow passage 22 is relatively difficult to increase. Therefore, according to the third embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide the assembled battery 30 that can suppress deterioration even when it is intentionally warmed and used.
- the water absorbing agent 7 and the electrode body 4 illustrated the form arrange
- the water absorbent 7 and the electrode body 4 are laminated layers constituting the electrode body 4. It is preferable to adopt a form in which the two are arranged in parallel to the direction.
- one electrode body 4 is accommodated in the exterior body 6 is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this form.
- a plurality of electrode bodies electrically connected in series or in parallel may be accommodated in the exterior body constituted by a laminate film or the like.
- the solid battery is exemplified as a lithium ion secondary battery, but the present invention is not limited to this form.
- the solid battery of the present invention can be configured such that ions other than lithium ions move between the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer. Examples of such ions include sodium ions and potassium ions.
- the positive electrode active material, the solid electrolyte, and the negative electrode active material may be appropriately selected depending on the moving ions.
- the solid battery of the present invention was produced and its performance was evaluated.
- the production method and performance evaluation results of the solid battery are shown below.
- Electrode material 12.03 mg of positive electrode active material (LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 , manufactured by Nichia Corporation), 0.51 mg of VGCF (manufactured by Showa Denko KK), and the above steps 5.03 mg of the produced solid electrolyte (Li 2 S—P 2 S 5 ) was weighed and mixed to obtain a positive electrode mixture.
- positive electrode active material LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 , manufactured by Nichia Corporation
- VGCF manufactured by Showa Denko KK
- Negative electrode mixture (electrode material) By weighing 9.06 mg of the negative electrode active material (graphite, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) and the solid electrolyte (Li 2 S—P 2 S 5 ) prepared in the above step, and mixing them, A negative electrode mixture was obtained.
- SUS304 current collectors
- Reference Example 1 25 g of a water-absorbing agent (Molecular Sieve 3A, manufactured by Nacalai Tesque Co., Ltd.) vacuum-dried at 280 ° C. for 8 hours, and the electrode body produced as described above, in the stacking direction of each layer constituting the electrode body
- a solid battery according to Reference Example 1 was manufactured by placing the container in a glass 200 ml container, to which a dew point meter was previously attached, and sealing the container so as to be arranged in parallel.
- Reference Example 2 The solid according to Reference Example 2 was prepared in the same manner as the solid battery according to Reference Example 1 except that 25 g of a water-absorbing agent (Molecular Sieve 3A, manufactured by Nacalai Tesque Co., Ltd.) was air-dried at 60 ° C. for 8 hours. A battery was produced.
- a water-absorbing agent Molecular Sieve 3A, manufactured by Nacalai Tesque Co., Ltd.
- the dew point in the container of the solid battery according to Reference Example 1 was ⁇ 55 ° C.
- the dew point in the container of the solid battery according to Reference Example 2 was ⁇ 28 ° C.
- the solid battery according to Reference Example 1 with a low dew point in the container has a higher discharge capacity maintenance rate than the solid battery according to Reference Example 2 with a high dew point in the container, and a good cycle.
- the characteristics are shown. From this result, it was confirmed that the deterioration of the solid battery can be suppressed by suppressing the decrease in the water absorption capacity of the water absorbing agent.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の第1の態様は、一対の電極層と、該一対の電極層の間に配置された固体電解質層とを有する電極体と、該電極体を収容する外装体とを有し、外装体内に、吸水剤が備えられ、吸水剤と電極体との間に、断熱材が配置されていることを特徴とする、固体電池である。
Li2S(日本化学工業株式会社製)及びP2S5(アルドリッチ社製)を出発原料として、0.7656gのLi2S、及び、1.2344gのP2S5を秤量した。次に、これらをメノウ乳鉢に入れて5分間に亘って混合した後、4gのヘプタンを入れ、遊星型ボールミルを用いて40時間に亘ってメカニカルミリングすることにより、硫化物系固体電解質としてのLi2S-P2S5を作製した。
・正極合剤(電極材)
12.03mgの正極活物質(LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2、日亜化学工業株式会社製)、0.51mgのVGCF(昭和電工株式会社製)、及び、上記工程で作製した固体電解質(Li2S-P2S5)を5.03mg秤量し、これらを混合することによって、正極合剤を得た。
9.06mgの負極活物質(グラファイト、三菱化学株式会社製)、及び、上記工程で作製した固体電解質(Li2S-P2S5)を8.24mg秤量し、これらを混合することによって、負極合剤を得た。
材料を充填可能な開口部の面積が1cm2である金型に、上記工程で作製した固体電解質(Li2S-P2S5)を18mg秤量して充填し、100MPaでプレスすることにより固体電解質層を作製した。その後、固体電解質層の一方の側に上記正極合剤17.57mgを入れ、100MPaでプレスすることにより正極層を作製した。その後、固体電解質層の他方の側(正極合剤を入れない側)に上記負極合剤17.3mgを入れ、400MPaでプレスすることにより負極層を作製し、一対の正極層及び負極層と該一対の正極層及び負極層の間に配置された固体電解質層を有する積層体を作製した。その後、積層体を一対の集電体(SUS304)で挟持することにより、電極体を作製した。
・参考例1
280℃で8時間に亘って真空乾燥した25gの吸水剤(モレキュラーシーブ3A、ナカライテスク株式会社製)、及び、上記のようにして作製した電極体が、電極体を構成する各層の積層方向に対して並列して配置されるように、予め露点計が取り付けられているガラス製の200ml容器に入れ、当該容器を密封することにより、参考例1にかかる固体電池を作製した。
60℃で8時間に亘って大気乾燥した25gの吸水剤(モレキュラーシーブ3A、ナカライテスク株式会社製)を用いたほかは参考例1にかかる固体電池と同様の方法により、参考例2にかかる固体電池を作製した。
参考例1にかかる固体電池、及び、参考例2にかかる固体電池について、60℃環境下で24時間後の、容器内の露点を測定した。結果を図5に示す。図5の縦軸は露点[℃]である。
参考例1にかかる固体電池、及び、参考例2にかかる固体電池を、60℃環境下において、それぞれ3.44mAで4.2Vまで定電流充電した後、2.5Vまで放電する充放電を1サイクルとし、これを100サイクル繰り返すことにより、サイクル特性を評価した。結果を図6に示す。図6の縦軸は放電容量維持率[%]であり、横軸はサイクル数である。
2…固体電解質層
3…負極層
4…電極体
5…封止材
6、21…外装体
7…吸水剤
8…断熱材
10、31…固体電池
20、30…組電池(固体電池)
22…流体流通路
23…集電体
24…端子
Claims (5)
- 一対の電極層と、該一対の電極層の間に配置された固体電解質層とを有する電極体と、該電極体を収容する外装体と、を有し、
前記外装体内に、吸水剤が備えられ、
前記吸水剤と前記電極体との間に、断熱材が配置されていることを特徴とする、固体電池。 - 前記吸水剤及び前記電極体が、前記電極体を構成する各層の積層方向に対して並列するように配置されていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の固体電池。
- 前記外装体に、流体流通路が接続され、
前記外装体及び前記流体流通路の内部を流体が流通し、
前記流体流通路内に、吸水剤が配置されていることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の固体電池。 - 一対の電極層と、該一対の電極層の間に配置された固体電解質層とを有する電極体と、該電極体を収容する外装体と、を有し、
前記外装体に、流体流通路が接続され、
前記外装体及び前記流体流通路の内部を流体が流通し、
前記流体流通路内に、吸水剤が配置されていることを特徴とする、固体電池。 - 前記固体電解質層に、硫化物系固体電解質が含有されていることを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の固体電池。
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JP2013527756A JP5725182B2 (ja) | 2011-08-05 | 2011-08-05 | 固体電池 |
PCT/JP2011/067937 WO2013021431A1 (ja) | 2011-08-05 | 2011-08-05 | 固体電池 |
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JP2003151558A (ja) * | 2001-11-14 | 2003-05-23 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池 |
JP2005056672A (ja) * | 2003-08-04 | 2005-03-03 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | リチウム二次電池 |
JP2008235255A (ja) * | 2007-02-21 | 2008-10-02 | Riken Technos Corp | ラミネート外装材を用いたリチウム二次電池 |
JP2008287970A (ja) * | 2007-05-16 | 2008-11-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | 全固体リチウム二次電池 |
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JP2003151558A (ja) * | 2001-11-14 | 2003-05-23 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池 |
JP2005056672A (ja) * | 2003-08-04 | 2005-03-03 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | リチウム二次電池 |
JP2008235255A (ja) * | 2007-02-21 | 2008-10-02 | Riken Technos Corp | ラミネート外装材を用いたリチウム二次電池 |
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JP7025714B2 (ja) | 2018-07-05 | 2022-02-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 全固体電池 |
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