WO2013001966A1 - 散乱光式煙検出装置 - Google Patents
散乱光式煙検出装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013001966A1 WO2013001966A1 PCT/JP2012/063791 JP2012063791W WO2013001966A1 WO 2013001966 A1 WO2013001966 A1 WO 2013001966A1 JP 2012063791 W JP2012063791 W JP 2012063791W WO 2013001966 A1 WO2013001966 A1 WO 2013001966A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light
- smoke
- smoke detection
- detection
- incident
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
- G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
- G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
- G08B17/113—Constructional details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
- G01N2201/06—Illumination; Optics
- G01N2201/064—Stray light conditioning
- G01N2201/0642—Light traps; baffles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a scattered light smoke detector.
- This scattered light type smoke detection device that detects smoke using the phenomenon of light scattering by smoke has been used.
- This scattered light type smoke detection device has a smoke detection space in which smoke flows from the outside, a light shielding structure that blocks external light from entering the smoke detection space while allowing smoke from the outside to flow into the smoke detection space, and a smoke detection space And a light receiver that receives detection light (referred to as scattered light) scattered by smoke flowing into the smoke detection space and converts it into an electrical signal.
- a material such as a black resin that absorbs detection light from a light emitter is used as a member that includes a light blocking structure and forms a smoke detection space. It is not possible to greatly reduce reflection at the surface. For this reason, conventionally, the light emitted from the light emitter and passed through the smoke detection space is reflected by, for example, the flat portion, the end surface, or the edge portion of the light shielding member constituting the light shielding structure, and the reflected light (referred to as internal disturbance light). ) May be incident on the receiver. In this case, the steady level (referred to as the zero point level) of the detection output of the light receiver becomes high, and the S / N ratio may be reduced, thereby reducing the reliability.
- the steady level referred to as the zero point level
- a scattered light type smoke detection device that reduces internal disturbance light has also been proposed.
- a scattered light type smoke detector has been proposed in which the shape and arrangement of the light shielding member is devised so that the detection light from the light emitter is reflected off the surface of the light shielding member and discharged outside the smoke detection space as much as possible. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
- the detection light emitted from the light emitter and emitted into the smoke detection space is a light beam of a certain thickness as a light shielding member provided substantially in front of the light emitter. Direct irradiation is performed on a predetermined area of the plane portion.
- part of the detection light (primary reflection component) reflected by the flat surface portion of the light shielding member is reflected by the flat surface portion, end surface, edge portion, ceiling member, bottom surface member, or the like of another light shielding member. Therefore, there is a possibility that the secondary reflection or higher-order reflection components are mixed in a complicated manner and finally enter the light receiver. That is, in the scattered light type smoke detector as described above, although the disturbance light incident on the light receiver can be reduced to a certain degree, there is room for further reduction of the disturbance light incident on the light receiver.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and it is possible to further suppress internal light in the smoke detection space as compared with the prior art, and to appropriately adjust the internal light to improve the S / N ratio.
- An object is to provide an optical smoke detector.
- the scattered light type smoke detection device is provided in a light shielding area shielded from the outside, and a smoke detection space into which smoke particles flow from the outside. And a light emitter that emits detection light toward the smoke detection space, and a light reception device that receives scattered light generated by the detection light emitted from the light emitter being scattered by smoke particles that have flowed into the smoke detection space. A part of or all of the detection light emitted from the light emitter and having passed through the smoke detection space, while being transmitted outside a predetermined area or the light shielding area.
- it is characterized in that it comprises internal light suppression means for suppressing internal light in the light shielding area.
- the scattered light type smoke detecting device is the scattered light type smoke detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the disturbing light suppression means emits light from the light emitter and passes through the smoke detecting space.
- a light guide means for guiding a part or all of the light to the predetermined area while being transmitted to the predetermined area, and the light guided by the light guide means is incident thereon.
- a light attenuating structure for attenuating the light.
- the scattered light type smoke detecting device is the scattered light type smoke detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the disturbing light suppression means emits light from the light emitter and passes through the smoke detecting space.
- a light guide means for guiding a part or all of the light to the predetermined area while being transmitted to the predetermined area, and the light guided by the light guide means is incident thereon.
- a light discharge structure for discharging the light out of the light blocking area and blocking the light blocking area from the outside.
- the scattered light type smoke detecting device is the scattered light type smoke detecting device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the light guide means detects light emitted from the light emitter and passing through the smoke detecting space. It is a lens that collects part or all of the light and emits the collected light to the predetermined area.
- the scattered light type smoke detecting device is the scattered light type smoke detecting device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the light guide means emits light from the light emitter and passes through the smoke detecting space. Part or all of the light is incident on one end surface, the incident light is guided from the one end surface to the other end surface, and the guided light is emitted from the other end surface to the predetermined region. It is a prism.
- the scattered light type smoke detection device is the scattered light type smoke detection device according to claim 5, wherein the light guided through the prism is condensed on the other end surface of the prism. Thus, the lens surface is emitted to the predetermined area.
- the internal light suppression unit transmits part or all of the detection light emitted from the light emitter and passed through the smoke detection space to the outside of the predetermined region or the light shielding region.
- the S / N ratio can be improved by appropriately adjusting the internal disturbance light.
- the internal light suppression unit guides a part or all of the detection light emitted from the light emitter and passing through the smoke detection space while being transmitted to a predetermined region.
- a light attenuating structure that is provided in a predetermined region and receives light guided by the light guiding means and attenuates the incident light.
- the detection light that has passed through the smoke detection space can be incident on the light attenuation structure and attenuated inside the light attenuation structure, and the detection light that has passed through the smoke detection space is reflected by the light shielding member to become internal light. It can be surely deterred.
- the internal light suppression means guides a part or all of the detection light emitted from the light emitter and passing through the smoke detection space while transmitting to a predetermined area.
- a light guide unit that is provided in a predetermined area and receives light guided by the light guide unit, and discharges the incident light out of the light shielding area and shields the light shielding area from the outside.
- the light emission structure that emits light from the light emitter and passes through the smoke detection space is incident on the light emission structure and can be emitted to the outside of the light shielding region via the light emission structure. It is possible to reliably prevent the detection light that has passed through the space from being reflected by the light shielding member and becoming internal light.
- the lens condenses part or all of the detection light emitted from the light emitter and passed through the smoke detection space, and the collected light is a predetermined region. Therefore, the detection light emitted from the light emitter and passed through the smoke detection space can surely enter the light attenuation structure or the light discharge structure, and the detection light passed through the smoke detection space is reflected by the light shielding member. It is possible to reliably suppress the occurrence of internal light.
- the scattered light type smoke detection apparatus of claim 5 a part or all of the detection light emitted from the light emitter and passing through the smoke detection space is incident on the incident surface of the prism, and the incident light is incident.
- the light is guided from the surface to the exit surface, and the guided light is emitted from the exit surface to a predetermined area, so that the detection light emitted from the light emitter and passed through the smoke detection space can be reliably attenuated or discharged. It is possible to prevent the detection light that has passed through the smoke detection space from being reflected by the light shielding member and becoming disturbing light.
- the exit surface of the prism is a lens surface that collects the light guided through the prism and emits it to a predetermined region.
- the light emitted from the surface can enter the light attenuating structure or the light discharging structure more reliably, and the detection light that has passed through the smoke detection space is reliably prevented from being reflected by the light shielding member and becoming internal light. Can do.
- FIG.1 (a) is a front view which shows the external appearance of a smoke detector
- FIG.1 (b) is FIG. It is a side view which shows roughly the internal structure of the smoke sensor shown to a).
- FIG.1 (b) is FIG.
- FIG. 2 shows schematically the structure of a lens and light discharge structure.
- FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a B-B ′ section of the scattered light type smoke detecting device shown in FIG. 6. It is sectional drawing which shows the A-A 'cross section of the scattered light type smoke detection apparatus shown in FIG.1 (b).
- the scattered light smoke detection apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 it replaces with a light attenuation
- the scattered light type smoke detection device is a space provided in a light shielding area shielded from the outside, and a smoke detection space into which smoke particles flow from the outside, and detection light toward the smoke detection space
- a light emitting device that emits light
- a light receiving device that receives scattered light generated by scattering of detection light by smoke particles that flow into the smoke detection space, and detects smoke based on the light reception signal output of the light receiving device.
- the application target of the scattered light type smoke detection apparatus is arbitrary, for example, in a fire alarm for smoke type houses installed in the kitchen, stairs, bedroom, living room, etc. It can be applied to smoke detectors.
- the detection light emitted from the light emitter and passed through the smoke detection space is incident on the translucent light guide means and is predetermined. It is the point provided with the internal disturbance light suppression means which suppresses the internal disturbance light in a light shielding area
- the detection light emitted from the light emitter and passing through the smoke detection space is collected by a lens and is incident on a light attenuation structure provided in a predetermined region, whereby the incident light is light attenuation structure. It is the form which leads to and attenuates.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a smoke detector to which the scattered light type smoke detector according to the first embodiment is applied.
- FIG. 1 (a) is a front view showing the appearance of the smoke detector, and
- FIG. It is a side view which shows roughly the internal structure of the smoke detector shown to Fig.1 (a) in a transparent state.
- the scattered light smoke detection device 1 is accommodated in the housing 3 of the smoke detector 2.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an A-A ′ cross section of the scattered light smoke detector 1 shown in FIG.
- the scattered light smoke detector 1 includes a main body 10, a smoke detection space 20, a light emitter 30, a light receiver 40, a lens 50, a light attenuation structure 60, and a predetermined electric circuit. Circuit board (not shown).
- the main body 10 includes a base plate (bottom plate) 11, a light shielding member 12, and a cover plate (top plate) (not shown).
- the base plate 11 and the cover plate are disposed so as to be substantially parallel to each other, and the light shielding member 12 is disposed between the base plate 11 and the cover plate.
- a region surrounded by the light shielding structure including the base plate 11, the light shielding member 12, and the cover plate is a light shielding region shielded from the outside.
- a light shielding member 12 having a bent portion so that external light is not incident directly or from a low-order reflection (for example, primary reflection or secondary reflection) from the outside to the inside of the light-shielding region.
- the light shielding member 12 is fixed to the base plate 11 or the cover plate.
- the smoke detection space 20 is a space that is provided in a light shielding region that is shielded from the outside and into which smoke particles flow from the outside, and is a space in which scattered light that is an effective smoke detection signal can be generated.
- the smoke particles pass through the space between the light shielding members 12 and flow into the smoke detection space 20 from the outside of the light shielding region.
- the light emitter 30 emits detection light intermittently toward the smoke detection space 20 and emits it.
- the light emitter 30 is arranged inside the light shielding region so that the optical axis of the light emitter 30 intersects the effective field optical axis of the light receiver 40 in the vicinity of the center of the light shielding region.
- the optical axis of the light emitter 30 means the central axis of the light beam along the propagation direction of the detection light.
- the light emitter 30 uses, for example, an LED (Light Emitting Diode) 30a as a light source, the detection light emitted from the LED 30a is narrowed down to a predetermined light beam using the lens 30b and the aperture 30c, and then directed toward the smoke detection space 20. And inject.
- LED Light Emitting Diode
- the light receiver 40 receives scattered light generated by the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 being scattered by the smoke particles flowing into the smoke detection space 20 in synchronization with the light emission timing of the light emitter 30, and receives the scattered light.
- An electrical signal (smoke detection signal) corresponding to the amount of light is output.
- the light receiver 40 is disposed inside the light shielding region so that the light receiving axis of the light receiver 40 intersects the optical axis of the light emitter 30 near the center of the light shielding region. Near the intersection of the optical axes is the smoke detection space 20.
- a photodiode can be used as the light receiver 40.
- the lens 50 condenses the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 and passed through the smoke detection space 20, and the collected light is provided with a predetermined region (in FIG. 2, a light attenuation structure 60 is provided). Is injected into the area. As a result, the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 and passing through the smoke detection space 20 is guided through the predetermined area.
- the lens 50 is disposed between the smoke detection space 20 and the light shielding member 12 so that the optical axis of the lens 50 coincides with the optical axis of the light emitter 30.
- the lens 50 may collect detection light that does not pass through the smoke detection space 20 (detection light that has propagated outside the smoke detection space).
- the light attenuating structure 60 is provided in a predetermined area (a part of the area where the light shielding member 12 is provided in FIG. 2), and the light emitted from the lens 50 is incident thereon. Attenuate.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing the internal configuration of the lens 50 and the light attenuation structure 60 (partially cut away).
- the light attenuation structure 60 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped box shape.
- the surface of the plate (referred to as the incident plate 61) facing the lens 50 is substantially orthogonal to the optical axis of the lens 50 in the vicinity of the center of the incident plate 61.
- the light attenuation structure 60 is disposed in a predetermined region.
- a partition plate 62 is provided inside the light attenuation structure 60 in parallel with the incident plate 61.
- openings 61 a and 62 a centering on the optical axis of the lens 50 are provided near the center of the incident plate 61 and the partition plate 62.
- Each of the openings 61a and 62a has a diameter that allows light emitted from the lens 50 to pass therethrough.
- Each of the openings 61a and 62a is formed so that the diameter thereof increases along the traveling direction of the light emitted from the lens 50.
- an attenuation plate 63 is provided to which light emitted from the lens 50 and irradiated through the opening 61a of the incident plate 61 and the opening 62a of the partition plate 62 is provided.
- the irradiation surface 63a is formed to have a saw-shaped cross section.
- the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 passes through the smoke detection space 20 and enters the lens 50.
- the detection light incident on the lens 50 is collected by the lens 50 and enters the inside of the light attenuating structure 60 through an opening 61 a provided in the incident plate 61 of the light attenuating structure 60.
- a part of the light incident on the inside of the light attenuation structure 60 passes through the opening 62a provided in the partition plate 62, reaches the irradiation surface 63a, and is reflected by the irradiation surface 63a.
- part of the light incident on the inside of the light attenuation structure 60 is reflected by the partition plate 62 and further attenuates while being repeatedly reflected in the region between the incident plate 61 and the partition plate 62.
- the cross section of the irradiation surface 63a is formed in a saw shape, most of the light reaching the irradiation surface 63a is not reflected in the direction of the opening 62a of the partition plate 62, and the inside of the saw groove or in the partition plate.
- the 62 is reflected toward the wall surface surrounding the space between the portion other than the opening 62a of the 62 and the attenuation plate 63, and thereafter attenuates while repeating reflection in the region between the partition plate 62 and the irradiation surface 63a of the attenuation plate 63. To go. Further, even if a part of the light reflected in the region between the partition plate 62 and the irradiation surface 63a passes through the opening 62a of the partition plate 62, the light passing through the opening 61a of the incident plate 61 is further part of the light.
- the intensity of the light is attenuated by being reflected by the region between the partition plate 62 and the irradiation surface 63a, the light emitted from the inside of the light attenuation structure 60 to the outside is extremely weak. It will be something.
- the light beam that travels backward through the openings 61 a and 62 a is generally limited to the component in the direction returning to the light emitter 30. That is, most of the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 and passing through the smoke detection space 20 is absorbed by the light attenuation structure 60 and does not become disturbing light in the light shielding region. Reduced.
- the internal disturbance light suppression unit guides the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 and passing through the smoke detection space 20 while transmitting the detection light to the predetermined region, so that the light in the light shielding region. Since internal light is suppressed, it is possible to prevent detection light that has passed through the smoke detection space 20 from being reflected by the base plate 11, the light shielding member 12, the cover plate, etc., and become internal light, thereby improving the S / N ratio. Can be made.
- the internal light suppression means is provided in the predetermined area, the lens 50 for guiding the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 and passing through the smoke detection space 20 while being transmitted to the predetermined area.
- the light attenuation structure 60 for attenuating the incident light. Therefore, the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 and passing through the smoke detection space 20 is incident on the light attenuation structure 60.
- the light attenuation structure 60 can be attenuated, and the detection light that has passed through the smoke detection space 20 is reliably prevented from being reflected by the base plate 11, the light shielding member 12, the cover plate, etc., and becoming internal disturbance light. be able to.
- the lens 50 condenses the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 and passed through the smoke detection space 20, and emits the collected light to a predetermined area.
- the detected light that has passed can be reliably incident on the light attenuating structure 60, and the detected light that has passed through the smoke detection space 20 is reflected by the base plate 11, the light shielding member 12, the cover plate, etc., and becomes internal light. Can be deterred.
- the detection light emitted from the light emitter and passing through the smoke detection space is collected by the lens 50 and is incident on a light discharge structure provided in a predetermined region, whereby the incident light is blocked by the light shielding region.
- This is a form of discharging outside.
- the configuration of the second embodiment is substantially the same as the configuration of the first embodiment, unless otherwise specified.
- the same configuration as that of the first embodiment is used in the first embodiment.
- the same reference numerals and / or names as those used are attached as necessary, and description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the same cross section as FIG. 2 for the scattered light smoke detection apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment.
- the scattered light smoke detection device 1 includes a light discharge structure 70 instead of the light attenuation structure 60 in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of the lens 50 and the light discharge structure 70.
- the light discharge structure 70 is configured by combining a light shielding plate 71 with a light shielding member 12.
- the light shielding plate 71 is disposed between the lens 50 and the light shielding member 12 so that the plate surface is substantially orthogonal to the optical axis of the lens 50.
- an opening 71 a centering on the optical axis of the lens 50 is provided in the vicinity of the center of the light shielding plate 71.
- the opening 71a has a diameter that allows light from the lens 50 to pass therethrough.
- each light shielding member 12 is arranged so that light that has passed through the lens 50 and the opening 71a is incident between the light shielding members 12 adjacent to each other.
- internal light suppression means for suppressing internal light in the light shielding region is configured.
- the two light shielding members 12 located behind the light shielding plate 71 are formed and arranged so as to reflect most of the light passing through the opening 71a toward the outside of the light shielding region.
- the passing direction component is also limited by the thickness of the opening 71a (the thickness of the light shielding plate 71), the backward component returns to the light emitter 30 side through the lens 50. For this reason, it is hardly reflected by another light shielding member 12 or the like and hardly enters the light receiver 40.
- the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 passes through the smoke detection space 20 and enters the lens 50.
- the detection light incident on the lens 50 is collected by the lens 50 and enters the space between the light shielding members 12 adjacent to each other from the opening 71 a provided in the light shielding plate 71 of the light discharge structure 70.
- Light incident on the space between the light shielding members 12 adjacent to each other is attenuated while being repeatedly reflected on the surfaces of the light shielding members 12, and a part of the light is discharged to the outside of the light shielding region.
- the light passes through the opening 71 a of the light shielding plate 71.
- the light is further a part thereof, and the intensity of the light is attenuated by being reflected by the surface of the light shielding member 12, so that it passes through the opening 71a of the light shielding plate 71 and enters the light shielding area again.
- the light to be played is extremely weak.
- the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 and passing through the smoke detection space 20 is discharged to the outside of the light blocking area by the light discharging structure 70 or absorbed by the light discharging structure 70, and the internal disturbance light in the light blocking area Therefore, the internal disturbance light incident on the light receiver 40 is reduced. Further, the light shielding region is shielded from the outside by these light shielding members 12.
- the internal disturbance light suppression unit guides the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 and passing through the smoke detection space 20 while being transmitted to the outside of the light shielding region via the lens 50. Therefore, since the internal light in the light shielding area is suppressed, it is possible to prevent the detection light that has passed through the smoke detection space 20 from being reflected by the base plate 11, the other light shielding member 12, the cover plate, etc., and becoming internal light. And the S / N ratio can be improved.
- the internal light suppression means is provided in the predetermined area, the lens 50 for guiding the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 and passing through the smoke detection space 20 while being transmitted to the predetermined area.
- the light guided by the light is incident, and the incident light is ejected out of the light shielding area, and the light ejection structure 70 shields the light shielding area from the outside.
- the detection light that has passed through the light can enter the light discharge structure 70 and can be discharged to the outside of the light shielding region via the light discharge structure 70. It is possible to reliably prevent the reflected light from being reflected by the member 12, the cover plate, and the like to become internal light.
- the lens 50 condenses the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 and passed through the smoke detection space 20, and emits the collected light to a predetermined region. Therefore, the lens 50 is emitted from the light emitter 30 and passes through the smoke detection space 20.
- the detected light that has passed can be reliably incident on the light discharge structure 70, and the detected light that has passed through the smoke detection space 20 is reflected by the base plate 11, the other light shielding member 12, the cover plate, etc., and becomes internal disturbance light. Can be reliably deterred.
- the detection light emitted from the light emitter and passed through the smoke detection space is incident on one end surface, the incident light is guided from the one end surface to the other end surface, and the light is guided.
- This is a form provided with a prism that emits light from the other end face to a predetermined area in the light shielding area.
- the configuration of the third embodiment is substantially the same as the configuration of the first embodiment unless otherwise specified, and the same configuration as that of the first embodiment is used in the first embodiment.
- the same reference numerals and / or names as those used are attached as necessary, and description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the same cross section as FIG. 2 for the scattered light smoke detection apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment.
- the scattered light smoke detection device 1 includes a prism 80 instead of the lens 50 in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a BB ′ section of the scattered light type smoke detecting apparatus 1 shown in FIG.
- the prism 80 is formed so as to have an L-shaped side section, and is disposed so as to penetrate the base plate 11.
- One end surface of the prism 80 (referred to as an incident surface 81) is disposed so as to face the light emitter 30 with the smoke detection space 20 interposed therebetween, and is approximately the optical axis of the light emitter 30 in the vicinity of the center of the incident surface 81. It is formed to be orthogonal.
- the other end face (referred to as an emission face 82) from which light incident from the incident face 81 is guided through the prism 80 and emitted is on the outside of the main body 10 (below the base plate 11 in FIG. 7).
- the base plate 11 is formed to be substantially parallel to the base plate 11.
- the exit surface 82 is formed as a lens surface that condenses the light guided through the prism 80 and exits the light attenuation structure 60.
- the light attenuating structure 60 is configured such that the plate surface of the incident plate 61 of the light attenuating structure 60 is in the vicinity of the center of the incident plate 61 and the optical axis of the exit surface 82 of the prism 80. They are arranged so as to be substantially orthogonal.
- a partition plate 62 that is substantially orthogonal to the optical axis of the exit surface 82 of the prism 80 is provided inside the light attenuation structure 60.
- openings 61 a and 62 a centering on the optical axis of the exit surface 82 of the prism 80 are provided in the vicinity of the center of the incident plate 61 and the partition plate 62, respectively.
- openings 61a and 62a have a diameter that allows light emitted from the exit surface 82 of the prism 80 to pass therethrough.
- the irradiation surface 63a of the attenuation plate 63 irradiated with the light emitted from the emission surface 82 of the prism 80 and passed through the opening 61a of the incident plate 61 and the opening 62a of the partition plate 62 has a saw-shaped cross section. Is formed.
- the region between the light attenuation structure 60 and the base plate 11 is surrounded by a light shielding wall 90, and the prism 80 is shielded from the outside of the main body 10. Light is incident, and the light is prevented from entering the light shielding region via the prism 80.
- the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 passes through the smoke detection space 20 and enters the incident surface 81 of the prism 80.
- the detection light incident on the incident surface 81 of the prism 80 is guided through the prism 80 from the incident surface 81 to the exit surface 82 and is condensed by the lens formed on the exit surface 82 to be incident on the incident plate of the light attenuation structure 60.
- the light enters the light attenuating structure 60 through an opening 61 a provided in the light 61.
- the light incident on the inside of the light attenuation structure 60 passes through the opening 62a provided in the partition plate 62, reaches the irradiation surface 63a, and is reflected by the irradiation surface 63a.
- the cross section of the irradiation surface 63a is formed in a saw shape, most of the light reaching the irradiation surface 63a is not reflected in the direction of the opening 62a of the partition plate 62, and the inside of the saw groove or in the partition plate.
- the 62 is reflected toward the wall surface surrounding the space between the portion other than the opening 62a of the 62 and the attenuation plate 63, and thereafter attenuates while repeating reflection in the region between the partition plate 62 and the irradiation surface 63a of the attenuation plate 63. To go. Further, even if a part of the light reflected in the region between the partition plate 62 and the irradiation surface 63a passes through the opening 62a of the partition plate 62, the light passing through the opening 61a of the incident plate 61 is further part of the light.
- the intensity of light is attenuated by being reflected by the region between the partition plate 62 and the irradiation surface 63a, the light is emitted from the opening 61a of the incident plate 61 to the outside of the light attenuation structure 60.
- the light is extremely faint.
- light rays that pass backward through the openings 61 a and 62 a are generally limited to components in the direction of returning to the light emitter 30 via the prism 80. That is, most of the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 and passing through the smoke detection space 20 is absorbed by the light attenuation structure 60 and does not become disturbing light in the light shielding region. Reduced.
- the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 and passing through the smoke detection space 20 is incident on the incident surface 81 of the prism 80, and the incident light is incident from the incident surface 81 to the emission surface 82. Since the guided light is emitted from the emission surface 82 to a predetermined region, the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 and passing through the smoke detection space 20 is surely incident on the light attenuation structure 60. It is possible to reliably prevent the detection light that has passed through the smoke detection space 20 from being reflected by the base plate 11, the light shielding member 12, the cover plate and the like and becoming internal disturbance light.
- the exit surface 82 of the prism 80 is a lens surface that condenses the light guided through the prism 80 and emits it to a predetermined area, the light exiting from the exit surface 82 of the prism 80 is more reliably obtained.
- the detection light that has passed through the smoke detection space 20 can be reliably prevented from being reflected by the base plate 11, the light shielding member 12, the cover plate, and the like to become internal light. .
- part of the detection light that does not enter the lens 50 is reflected by the base plate 11, the light shielding member 12, or the cover plate, and becomes internal disturbance light.
- the zero point level of the detection output of the light receiver 40 can be set to a predetermined value. If the zero point level is too high, the S / N ratio will be reduced, and if it is too low, it will be difficult to distinguish the failure of the light emitter 30 or the light receiver 40 (light emission failure or light reception failure).
- the zero point level can be adjusted.
- FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a case where the light emission structure 70 is provided in place of the light attenuation structure 60 in the scattered light type smoke detection apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment.
- a right-angle prism is added to the prism 80 illustrated in the third embodiment, and light is emitted in a direction parallel to the base plate 11.
- a light shielding plate 71 of the light discharge structure 70 is provided so as to face the exit surface 82 of the right-angle prism.
- the light shielding plate 71 is provided with an opening 71 a centering on the optical axis of the exit surface 82 of the prism 80.
- the opening 71a has a diameter that allows the light emitted from the prism 80 to pass therethrough.
- a light shielding member 13 is provided between the outside of the scattered light smoke detection device 1 and the light shielding plate 71.
- the detection light emitted from the light emitter 30 passes through the smoke detection space 20 and enters the incident surface 81 of the prism 80.
- the detection light incident on the incident surface 81 of the prism 80 is guided through the prism 80 from the incident surface 81 to the exit surface 82, exits from the exit surface 82, and is provided in the light shielding plate 71 of the light discharge structure 70.
- the light enters the space between the light shielding members 13 adjacent to each other from 71a.
- the light incident on the space between the light shielding members 13 adjacent to each other is attenuated while being repeatedly reflected on the surfaces of these light shielding members 13, and a part of the light is discharged to the outside of the light shielding region.
- the light passes through the opening 71 a of the light shielding plate 71.
- the light is further a part thereof, and the intensity of the light is attenuated by being reflected by the surface of the light shielding member 13. Therefore, the light passes through the opening 71 a of the light shielding plate 71 and passes through the prism 80 to be a light shielding region.
- the light that re-enters the interior of the lamp is extremely weak.
- the light shielding region is shielded from the outside by these light shielding members 13.
- the arrangement and shape of the light shielding member 13 may be different from the arrangement and shape of the light shielding member 12.
- SYMBOLS 1 Scattered light type smoke detection apparatus 2 Smoke detector 3 Housing
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
まず、各実施の形態に共通の基本的概念について説明する。各実施の形態に係る散乱光式煙検出装置は、外部から遮光された遮光領域内に設けられる空間であって外部から煙粒子が流入する検煙空間と、検煙空間に向けて検出光を発光する発光器と、検煙空間に流入した煙粒子により検出光が散乱されることで生じる散乱光を受光する受光器とを備え、受光器の受光信号出力に基づいて煙を検出する。
次に、本発明に係る各実施の形態の具体的内容について説明する。なお、以下の各実施の形態では、散乱光式煙検出装置を煙感知器に適用した場合を例に挙げて説明する。
まず、実施の形態1について説明する。実施の形態1は、発光器から発光され検煙空間を通過した検出光をレンズにより集光し、所定領域に設けられた光減衰構造に入射させることで、当該入射させた光を光減衰構造に導いて減衰させる形態である。
最初に、実施の形態1に係る散乱光式煙検出装置の構成について説明する。図1は実施の形態1に係る散乱光式煙検出装置を適用した煙感知器を例示した図であり、図1(a)は煙感知器の外観を示す正面図、図1(b)は図1(a)に示した煙感知器の内部構造を透視状態で概略的に示す側面図である。図1に示すように、散乱光式煙検出装置1は、煙感知器2の筐体3内部に収容されている。
ここで本体10は、ベース板(底板)11、遮光部材12、及び、図示しないカバー板(天板)を備えている。ベース板11とカバー板とは相互に略平行となるように配置され、ベース板11とカバー板との間に遮光部材12が配置される。これらのベース板11、遮光部材12、及び、カバー板を含んで構成される遮光構造によって囲まれた領域は、外部から遮光された遮光領域である。例えば図2に示すように、遮光領域の外部から内部に外部光を直接あるいは低次反射(例えば1次反射や2次反射)で入射させないように、曲がり部を有する遮光部材12を組み合わせることで、遮光領域の外部から内部に煙粒子が流入する流入路が形成されると共に、遮光領域を当該遮光領域の外部から遮光するための遮光構造の一部が形成されている。なお、遮光部材12は、ベース板11またはカバー板に固定されている。
検煙空間20は、外部から遮光された遮光領域内に設けられ、外部から煙粒子が流入する空間であって、有効な煙検出信号となる散乱光が生じうる空間である。煙粒子は、各遮光部材12の間の空間を通過して、遮光領域の外部から検煙空間20へと流入する。
発光器30は、検煙空間20に向け検出光を間欠的に発光して射出する。この発光器30は、遮光領域の内部において、当該発光器30の光軸が当該遮光領域の中央近傍で受光器40の有効視野光軸と交差するように配置されている。ここで、発光器30の光軸とは、検出光の伝播方向に沿う光束中心軸を意味する。この発光器30は、例えばLED(Light Emitting Diode)30aを光源とし、LED30aから発光された検出光を、レンズ30bやアパーチャー30cを用いて所定の光束に絞った上で、検煙空間20に向けて射出する。
受光器40は、発光器30から射出された検出光が検煙空間20に流入した煙粒子により散乱されることで生じる散乱光を発光器30の発光タイミングに同期して受光し、受光した散乱光の光量に応じた電気信号(煙検出信号)を出力する。この受光器40は、遮光領域の内部において、当該受光器40の受光軸が当該遮光領域の中央近傍で発光器30の光軸と交差するように配置されている。光軸の交差部分近傍が検煙空間20となる。この受光器40としては、例えば、フォトダイオードを用いることができる。
レンズ50は、図2に示すように、発光器30から射出され検煙空間20を通過した検出光を集光し、当該集光した光を所定領域(図2では光減衰構造60が設けられている領域)に射出する。これにより、発光器30から射出され検煙空間20を通過した検出光が所定領域に透過しつつ導光される。このレンズ50は、検煙空間20と遮光部材12との間において、当該レンズ50の光軸が発光器30の光軸と一致するように配置されている。なお、レンズ50が、検煙空間20を通過しない検出光(検煙空間の外側を伝播してきた検出光)を集光するようにしてもよい。
光減衰構造60は、所定領域(図2では遮光部材12が設けられている領域の一部)に設けられるものであって、レンズ50から射出された光が入射され、当該入射された光を減衰させる。図3は、レンズ50及び光減衰構造60の内部構成を概略的に示した斜視図である(一部を破断して示す)。例えば図2及び図3に示すように、光減衰構造60は略直方体の箱状に形成されている。この光減衰構造60の各面を構成する各板のうちレンズ50と対向する板(入射板61と呼ぶ)の面が当該入射板61の中央近傍においてレンズ50の光軸と略直交するように、光減衰構造60が所定領域に配置されている。また、光減衰構造60の内部には、入射板61に平行に仕切板62が設けられている。また、入射板61と仕切板62の中央近傍には、レンズ50の光軸を中心とする開口61a、62aが設けられている。これらの各開口61a、62aは、レンズ50から射出された光を通過させることが可能な程度の径を有している。また、これらの開口61a、62aは、それぞれ、レンズ50から射出された光の進行方向に沿って径が拡大するように形成されている。さらに、レンズ50から射出され、入射板61の開口61aと仕切板62の開口62aを通過した光が照射される減衰板63が設けられており、この減衰板63がレンズ50に対向する面(照射面63aと呼ぶ)は、断面が鋸型となるように形成されている。この光減衰構造60と、上記のレンズ50とを組み合わせることにより、遮光領域内における内乱光を抑止する内乱光抑止手段が構成される。
次に、上記のように構成された散乱光式煙検出装置1の作用について説明する。図2に示すように、発光器30から射出された検出光は、検煙空間20を通過し、レンズ50に入射する。レンズ50に入射した検出光は、レンズ50により集光され、光減衰構造60の入射板61に設けられた開口61aから光減衰構造60の内部に入射する。光減衰構造60の内部に入射した光の一部は、仕切板62に設けられた開口62aを通過して照射面63aに到達し、当該照射面63aで反射される。また、光減衰構造60の内部に入射した光の一部は、仕切板62に反射され、さらに入射板61と仕切板62との間の領域で反射を繰り返しつつ減衰していく。ここで、照射面63aは断面が鋸型に形成されているので、照射面63aに到達した光の大半は仕切板62の開口62aの方向には反射されず、鋸型の溝内や仕切板62の開口62a以外の部分と減衰板63との間の空間を囲う壁面に向かって反射され、その後も仕切板62と減衰板63の照射面63aとの間の領域で反射を繰り返しつつ減衰していく。また、仕切板62と照射面63aとの間の領域で反射された光の一部が仕切板62の開口62aを通過しても、入射板61の開口61aを通過する光は更にその一部であり、且つ、仕切板62と照射面63aとの間の領域で反射されることで光の強度は減衰していることから、光減衰構造60の内部から外部に射出される光は極めて微弱なものとなる。しかも、開口61aおよび開口62aを通過逆進する光線は概ね発光器30へ戻る方向の成分に限られる。すなわち、発光器30から射出され検煙空間20を通過した検出光の大部分は光減衰構造60に吸収され、遮光領域における内乱光となることがないので、受光器40に入射する内乱光が低減される。
このように実施の形態1によれば、内乱光抑止手段が、発光器30から射出され検煙空間20を通過した検出光を、所定領域に透過しつつ導光することで、遮光領域内における内乱光を抑止するので、検煙空間20を通過した検出光がベース板11、遮光部材12、カバー板等に反射されて内乱光となることを抑止することができ、S/N比を向上させることができる。
次に、実施の形態2について説明する。実施の形態2は、発光器から発光され検煙空間を通過した検出光をレンズ50により集光し、所定領域に設けられた光排出構造に入射させることで、当該入射させた光を遮光領域外に排出させる形態である。なお、実施の形態2の構成は、特記する場合を除いて、実施の形態1の構成と略同一であり、実施の形態1の構成と略同一の構成についてはこの実施の形態1で用いたものと同一の符号及び/又は名称を必要に応じて付して、その説明を省略する。
最初に、実施の形態2に係る散乱光式煙検出装置1の構成について説明する。図4は、実施の形態2に係る散乱光式煙検出装置1について図2と同様の断面を示す断面図である。この図4に示すように、散乱光式煙検出装置1は、実施の形態1における光減衰構造60に代えて、光排出構造70を備えている。
光排出構造70は、所定領域(図4では遮光部材12が設けられている領域の一部)に設けられるものであって、レンズ50からの光が入射され、当該入射された光を遮光領域外に排出させると共に、遮光領域を外部から遮光する。図5は、レンズ50及び光排出構造70の構成を概略的に示した斜視図である。例えば図4及び図5に示すように、光排出構造70は遮光部材12に遮光板71を組み合わせることで構成されている。遮光板71は、その板面がレンズ50の光軸と略直交するように、レンズ50と遮光部材12との間に配置されている。この遮光板71の中央近傍には、レンズ50の光軸を中心とする開口71aが設けられている。この開口71aは、レンズ50からの光を通過させることが可能な程度の径を有している。また、レンズ50及び開口71aを通過した光が、相互に隣接する遮光部材12の間に入射するように、各遮光部材12が配置されている。この光排出構造70と、上記のレンズ50とを組み合わせることにより、遮光領域内における内乱光を抑止する内乱光抑止手段が構成される。図4において遮光板71の背後側に位置する2つの遮光部材12は、開口71aを通過した光の大半を遮光領域外へ向けて反射するように形成されて配置される。ここで、この2つの遮光部材12によって遮光領域の内側へ向けて反射される成分が存在しても、そのほとんどは遮光板71で遮られ、開口71aを通過して逆進する成分は僅かであり、しかも、開口71aの厚み(遮光板71の厚み)によっても通過する方向成分が制限されるので、逆進成分はレンズ50を経て発光器30側へ戻る。このため他の遮光部材12等で更に反射されて受光器40へ入射することはほとんど無い。
次に、上記のように構成された散乱光式煙検出装置1の作用について説明する。図4に示すように、発光器30から射出された検出光は、検煙空間20を通過し、レンズ50に入射する。レンズ50に入射した検出光は、レンズ50により集光され、光排出構造70の遮光板71に設けられた開口71aから、相互に隣接する遮光部材12間の空間に入射する。相互に隣接する遮光部材12間の空間に入射した光は、これら遮光部材12の表面で反射を繰り返しつつ減衰し、その一部は遮光領域の外部へと排出される。また、相互に隣接する遮光部材12間の空間に入射した光の一部が、これらの遮光部材12によって遮光領域の内部に向かう方向に反射されたとしても、遮光板71の開口71aを通過する光は更にその一部であり、且つ、遮光部材12の表面で反射されることで光の強度は減衰していることから、遮光板71の開口71aを通過して遮光領域の内部に再び入射する光は極めて微弱なものとなる。すなわち、発光器30から射出され検煙空間20を通過した検出光の大部分は光排出構造70によって遮光領域の外部へと排出され、あるいは光排出構造70に吸収され、遮光領域における内乱光となることがないので、受光器40に入射する内乱光が低減される。また、これら遮光部材12により遮光領域は外部から遮光される。
このように実施の形態2によれば、内乱光抑止手段が、発光器30から射出され検煙空間20を通過した検出光を、レンズ50を介して遮光領域外に透過しつつ導光することで、遮光領域内における内乱光を抑止するので、検煙空間20を通過した検出光がベース板11、他の遮光部材12、カバー板等に反射されて内乱光となることを抑止することができ、S/N比を向上させることができる。
最後に、実施の形態3について説明する。実施の形態3は、発光器から発光され検煙空間を通過した検出光が一方の端面に入射され、当該入射された光を当該一方の端面から他方の端面に導光し、当該導光した光を当該他方の端面から遮光領域内の所定領域に射出するプリズムを備えた形態である。なお、実施の形態3の構成は、特記する場合を除いて、実施の形態1の構成と略同一であり、実施の形態1の構成と略同一の構成についてはこの実施の形態1で用いたものと同一の符号及び/又は名称を必要に応じて付して、その説明を省略する。
まず、実施の形態3に係る散乱光式煙検出装置1の構成について説明する。図6は、実施の形態3に係る散乱光式煙検出装置1について図2と同様の断面を示す断面図である。この図6に示すように、散乱光式煙検出装置1は、実施の形態1におけるレンズ50に代えて、プリズム80を備えている。
プリズム80は、発光器30から射出され検煙空間20を通過した検出光が一方の端面に入射され、当該入射された光を当該一方の端面から他方の端面に透過導光し、当該導光した光を当該他方の端面から所定領域に射出する。これにより、発光器30から射出され検煙空間20を通過した検出光が所定領域に導光される。図7は、図6に示した散乱光式煙検出装置1のB-B’断面を示す縦断面図である。この図7に示すように、プリズム80は側断面がL字形となるように形成され、ベース板11を貫通するように配置されている。このプリズム80の一方の端面(入射面81と呼ぶ)は、検煙空間20を挟んで発光器30と対向するように配置され、当該入射面81の中央近傍において発光器30の光軸と略直交するように形成されている。また、入射面81から入射した光がプリズム80の内部を導光されて射出される他方の端面(射出面82と呼ぶ)は、本体10の外側(図7ではベース板11の下側)において、ベース板11と略平行となるように形成されている。また、射出面82は、プリズム80内を導光された光を集光して光減衰構造60に射出するレンズ面として形成されている。
図7に示すように、光減衰構造60は、本体10の外側において、この光減衰構造60の入射板61の板面が当該入射板61の中央近傍においてプリズム80の射出面82の光軸と略直交するように配置されている。また、光減衰構造60の内部には、プリズム80の射出面82の光軸と略直交する仕切板62が設けられている。また、入射板61と仕切板62の中央近傍にはそれぞれ、プリズム80の射出面82の光軸を中心とする開口61a、62aが設けられている。これらの開口61a、62aは、プリズム80の射出面82から射出された光を通過させることが可能な程度の径を有している。さらに、プリズム80の射出面82から射出され、入射板61の開口61aと仕切板62の開口62aを通過した光が照射される減衰板63の照射面63aは、断面が鋸型となるように形成されている。この光減衰構造60と、上記のプリズム80とを組み合わせることにより、遮光領域内における内乱光を抑止する内乱光抑止手段が構成される。
次に、上記のように構成された散乱光式煙検出装置1の作用について説明する。図7に示すように、発光器30から射出された検出光は、検煙空間20を通過し、プリズム80の入射面81に入射する。プリズム80の入射面81に入射した検出光は、プリズム80の内部を入射面81から射出面82に導光され、当該射出面82に形成したレンズにより集光されて光減衰構造60の入射板61に設けられた開口61aから光減衰構造60の内部に入射する。光減衰構造60の内部に入射した光は、仕切板62に設けられた開口62aを通過して照射面63aに到達し、当該照射面63aで反射される。ここで、照射面63aは断面が鋸型に形成されているので、照射面63aに到達した光の大半は仕切板62の開口62aの方向には反射されず、鋸型の溝内や仕切板62の開口62a以外の部分と減衰板63との間の空間を囲う壁面に向かって反射され、その後も仕切板62と減衰板63の照射面63aとの間の領域で反射を繰り返しつつ減衰していく。また、仕切板62と照射面63aとの間の領域で反射された光の一部が仕切板62の開口62aを通過しても、入射板61の開口61aを通過する光は更にその一部であり、且つ、仕切板62と照射面63aとの間の領域で反射されることで光の強度は減衰していることから、入射板61の開口61aから光減衰構造60の外部に射出される光は極めて微弱なものとなる。しかも、開口61aおよび開口62aを通過逆進する光線は概ねプリズム80を介して発光器30へ戻る方向の成分に限られる。すなわち、発光器30から射出され検煙空間20を通過した検出光の大部分は光減衰構造60に吸収され、遮光領域における内乱光となることがないので、受光器40に入射する内乱光が低減される。
このように実施の形態3によれば、発光器30から射出され検煙空間20を通過した検出光がプリズム80の入射面81に入射され、当該入射された光が入射面81から射出面82に導光され、当該導光された光が射出面82から所定領域に射出されるので、発光器30から射出され検煙空間20を通過した検出光を確実に光減衰構造60に入射させることができ、検煙空間20を通過した検出光がベース板11、遮光部材12、カバー板等に反射されて内乱光となることを確実に抑止することができる。
以上、本発明に係る各実施の形態について説明したが、本発明の具体的な構成及び手段は、特許請求の範囲に記載した各発明の技術的思想の範囲内において、任意に改変及び改良することができる。以下、このような変形例について説明する。
まず、発明が解決しようとする課題や発明の効果は、前記した内容に限定されるものではなく、本発明によって、前記に記載されていない課題を解決したり、前記に記載されていない効果を奏することもでき、また、記載されている課題の一部のみを解決したり、記載されている効果の一部のみを奏することがある。
上述の実施の形態1及び2では、発光器30から射出され検煙空間20を通過した検出光が全てレンズ50に入射する場合を例として説明したが、図8に示すように、レンズ50が、発光器30から射出され検煙空間20を通過した検出光の一部を集光し、当該集光した光を所定領域(図8では光減衰構造60が設けられている領域)に射出するようにしてもよい。すなわち例えば、レンズ50の外径を、レンズ50への入射位置における検出光の光束の外径よりも小さくすることで、検出光の一部がレンズ50に入射しないようにしてもよい。この場合、レンズ50に入射しない検出光の一部は、ベース板11、遮光部材12、又は、カバー板により反射されて内乱光となる。このように、検煙空間20を通過した検出光の一部を意図的に内乱光とすることで、受光器40の検出出力の0点レベルを所定値とすることができる。0点レベルは高すぎるとS/N比を低下させ、低すぎると発光器30や受光器40の故障(発光不良や受光不良)との識別が困難になり、不安定であると動作も安定しないといった問題が生じうるが、このように0点レベルを所定値に調整することで、S/N比の低下を抑制しつつ、発光器30や受光器40の動作確認等を実施し易くし、動作を安定させることができる。同様に、実施の形態3のようにプリズム80を用いる場合においても、検煙空間20を通過した検出光の一部がプリズム80の入射面81に入射されるようにしてもよい。なお、入射板61の開口61aや仕切板62の開口62aを適当な径に形成し、光減衰構造60から遮光空間に意図的に光を逆進させることによっても、0点レベルを所定値に調整することができる。
上述の実施の形態3では、プリズム80の射出面82から射出された光を光減衰構造60に入射させる場合について説明したが、プリズム80の射出面82から射出された光を光排出構造70に入射させるようにしてもよい。図9は、実施の形態3に係る散乱光式煙検出装置1において、光減衰構造60に代えて光排出構造70を設けた場合を概略的に示す縦断面図である。この図9の例では、実施の形態3で例示したプリズム80に直角プリズムを付加し、ベース板11と平行な方向に光を射出するようにしている。この直角プリズムの射出面82に対向するように、光排出構造70の遮光板71が設けられている。この遮光板71には、プリズム80の射出面82の光軸を中心とする開口71aが設けられている。この開口71aは、プリズム80から射出された光を通過させることが可能な程度の径を有している。更に、散乱光式煙検出装置1の外部と遮光板71との間に、遮光部材13が設けられている。
2 煙感知器
3 筐体
10 本体
11 ベース板
12、13 遮光部材
20 検煙空間
30 発光器
30a LED
30b、50 レンズ
30c アパーチャー
40 受光器
60 光減衰構造
61 入射板
62 仕切板
61a、62a、71a 開口
63 減衰板
63a 照射面
70 光排出構造
71 遮光板
80 プリズム
81 入射面
82 射出面
90 遮光壁
Claims (6)
- 外部から遮光された遮光領域内に設けられ、外部から煙粒子が流入する検煙空間と、
前記検煙空間に向けて検出光を発光する発光器と、
前記発光器から発光された検出光が前記検煙空間に流入した煙粒子により散乱されることで生じる散乱光を受光する受光器と、を備える散乱光式煙検出装置において、
前記発光器から発光され前記検煙空間を通過した検出光の一部又は全部を、所定領域または前記遮光領域外に透過しつつ導光することで、前記遮光領域内における内乱光を抑止する内乱光抑止手段を備えること、
を特徴とする散乱光式煙検出装置。 - 前記内乱光抑止手段は、
前記発光器から発光され前記検煙空間を通過した検出光の一部又は全部を、前記所定領域に透過しつつ導光する導光手段と、
前記所定領域に設けられるものであって、前記導光手段によって導光された光が入射され、当該入射された光を減衰させる光減衰構造と、を備える、
請求項1に記載の散乱光式煙検出装置。 - 前記内乱光抑止手段は、
前記発光器から発光され前記検煙空間を通過した検出光の一部又は全部を、前記所定領域に透過しつつ導光する導光手段と、
前記所定領域に設けられるものであって、前記導光手段によって導光された光が入射され、当該入射された光を前記遮光領域外に排出させると共に、前記遮光領域を外部から遮光する光排出構造と、を備える、
請求項1に記載の散乱光式煙検出装置。 - 前記導光手段は、前記発光器から発光され前記検煙空間を通過した検出光の一部又は全部を集光し、当該集光した光を前記所定領域に射出するレンズである、
請求項2又は3に記載の散乱光式煙検出装置。 - 前記導光手段は、前記発光器から発光され前記検煙空間を通過した検出光の一部又は全部が一方の端面に入射され、当該入射された光を当該一方の端面から他方の端面に導光し、当該導光した光を当該他方の端面から前記所定領域に射出するプリズムである、
請求項2又は3に記載の散乱光式煙検出装置。 - 前記プリズムにおける前記他方の端面を、当該プリズム内を導光された光を集光して前記所定領域に射出するレンズ面とした、
請求項5に記載の散乱光式煙検出装置。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013522546A JP6145041B2 (ja) | 2011-06-30 | 2012-05-29 | 散乱光式煙検出装置 |
AU2012277058A AU2012277058B2 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2012-05-29 | Scattered light-type smoke detection apparatus |
GB1400711.6A GB2505858B (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2012-05-29 | Scattered light-type smoke detection apparatus |
US14/128,421 US9157854B2 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2012-05-29 | Scattered light-type smoke detection apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011146724 | 2011-06-30 | ||
JP2011-146724 | 2011-06-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2013001966A1 true WO2013001966A1 (ja) | 2013-01-03 |
Family
ID=47423867
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2012/063791 WO2013001966A1 (ja) | 2011-06-30 | 2012-05-29 | 散乱光式煙検出装置 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9157854B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6145041B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2012277058B2 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB2505858B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013001966A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2020017011A (ja) * | 2018-07-24 | 2020-01-30 | ホーチキ株式会社 | 火災検出装置 |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9459208B2 (en) * | 2013-10-04 | 2016-10-04 | Tyco Fire & Security Gmbh | Duct detector with remote airflow test capability |
EP3171347B1 (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2020-06-10 | Fenwal Controls Of Japan, Ltd. | Photoelectric smoke sensor |
CN106574889B (zh) * | 2014-10-31 | 2019-06-04 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | 粒子检测传感器、尘埃传感器、***、空气清洁器、换气扇以及空调 |
EP3073458A1 (de) * | 2015-03-23 | 2016-09-28 | Siemens Schweiz AG | Brandmelder mit einer streulichtanordnung im bereich einer raucheintrittsöffnung zur verschmutzungsüberwachung |
RU2687141C1 (ru) | 2015-08-25 | 2019-05-07 | Фенвал Контролз Оф Джэпэн, Лтд. | Фотоэлектрический датчик дыма |
WO2018027104A1 (en) | 2016-08-04 | 2018-02-08 | Carrier Corporation | Smoke detector |
JP2018181191A (ja) * | 2017-04-20 | 2018-11-15 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 煙感知器用光センサ |
AU2019309505A1 (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2020-10-29 | Hochiki Corporation | Fire detection device |
US11615684B2 (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2023-03-28 | Pixart Imaging Inc. | Smoke detector |
US11913864B2 (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2024-02-27 | Pixart Imaging Inc. | Smoke detector with increased scattered light intensity |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0344794U (ja) * | 1989-09-12 | 1991-04-25 | ||
JPH0481997A (ja) * | 1990-07-24 | 1992-03-16 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 光電式煙感知器 |
JPH07182584A (ja) * | 1993-12-22 | 1995-07-21 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 散乱光式煙感知器 |
JPH08261930A (ja) * | 1995-03-23 | 1996-10-11 | Nohmi Bosai Ltd | 微粒子検出センサ |
JPH09198584A (ja) * | 1997-01-23 | 1997-07-31 | Hochiki Corp | 散乱光式煙感知器 |
JP2000065741A (ja) * | 1998-08-25 | 2000-03-03 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 光電式感知器 |
JP2000065740A (ja) * | 1998-08-25 | 2000-03-03 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 光電式感知器 |
JP2005309735A (ja) * | 2004-04-21 | 2005-11-04 | Nittan Co Ltd | 煙感知器 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6013449U (ja) * | 1983-03-31 | 1985-01-29 | ホーチキ株式会社 | 散乱光式煙感知器の検煙部構造 |
JPS60168296A (ja) * | 1984-02-13 | 1985-08-31 | 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 | 光電式煙感知器 |
JPH0629727Y2 (ja) * | 1985-08-24 | 1994-08-10 | 能美防災株式会社 | 散乱光式煙感知器の光学部 |
US5021677A (en) * | 1989-05-02 | 1991-06-04 | Nohmi Bosai Kabushiki Kaisha | Light-scattering-type smoke detector |
JP2648560B2 (ja) | 1993-04-09 | 1997-09-03 | ホーチキ株式会社 | 散乱光式煙感知器 |
US5400014A (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1995-03-21 | Detection Systems, Inc. | Smoke detector with dark chamber |
GB9417484D0 (en) * | 1993-09-07 | 1994-10-19 | Hochiki Co | Light scattering type smoke sensor |
JP2787001B2 (ja) * | 1994-12-12 | 1998-08-13 | ホーチキ株式会社 | 光電式煙感知器 |
JPH08233736A (ja) * | 1995-02-27 | 1996-09-13 | Nohmi Bosai Ltd | 微粒子検出センサ |
DE19955362B4 (de) * | 1999-11-17 | 2004-07-08 | Wagner Alarm- Und Sicherungssysteme Gmbh | Streulichtdetektor |
JP3934423B2 (ja) * | 2002-01-11 | 2007-06-20 | ホーチキ株式会社 | 散乱光式煙感知器 |
EP1688898A4 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2010-03-03 | Hochiki Co | SMOKE DETECTOR USING DIFFUSION RADIATION |
US7616126B2 (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2009-11-10 | Gentex Corporation | Optical particle detectors |
US8610586B2 (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2013-12-17 | Panasonic Corporation | Sensor |
-
2012
- 2012-05-29 GB GB1400711.6A patent/GB2505858B/en active Active
- 2012-05-29 WO PCT/JP2012/063791 patent/WO2013001966A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2012-05-29 US US14/128,421 patent/US9157854B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-05-29 JP JP2013522546A patent/JP6145041B2/ja active Active
- 2012-05-29 AU AU2012277058A patent/AU2012277058B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0344794U (ja) * | 1989-09-12 | 1991-04-25 | ||
JPH0481997A (ja) * | 1990-07-24 | 1992-03-16 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 光電式煙感知器 |
JPH07182584A (ja) * | 1993-12-22 | 1995-07-21 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 散乱光式煙感知器 |
JPH08261930A (ja) * | 1995-03-23 | 1996-10-11 | Nohmi Bosai Ltd | 微粒子検出センサ |
JPH09198584A (ja) * | 1997-01-23 | 1997-07-31 | Hochiki Corp | 散乱光式煙感知器 |
JP2000065741A (ja) * | 1998-08-25 | 2000-03-03 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 光電式感知器 |
JP2000065740A (ja) * | 1998-08-25 | 2000-03-03 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 光電式感知器 |
JP2005309735A (ja) * | 2004-04-21 | 2005-11-04 | Nittan Co Ltd | 煙感知器 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2020017011A (ja) * | 2018-07-24 | 2020-01-30 | ホーチキ株式会社 | 火災検出装置 |
JP7208731B2 (ja) | 2018-07-24 | 2023-01-19 | ホーチキ株式会社 | 火災検出装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20140111803A1 (en) | 2014-04-24 |
GB2505858A (en) | 2014-03-12 |
GB201400711D0 (en) | 2014-03-05 |
JP6145041B2 (ja) | 2017-06-07 |
AU2012277058A1 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
JPWO2013001966A1 (ja) | 2015-02-23 |
US9157854B2 (en) | 2015-10-13 |
AU2012277058B2 (en) | 2015-08-13 |
GB2505858B (en) | 2017-03-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6145041B2 (ja) | 散乱光式煙検出装置 | |
US7248173B2 (en) | Smoke detector | |
US10119908B2 (en) | Particle sensor | |
RU2541178C2 (ru) | Светоизлучающий участок, фотоэлектрический датчик дыма и система всасывающего типа для определения присутствия дыма | |
KR101529127B1 (ko) | 광전식 연기 감지기 | |
EP3214425B1 (en) | Particle detection sensor, dust sensor, smoke detector, air purifier, ventilation fan, and air conditioner | |
AU2015275879A1 (en) | Conical light absorber for smoke detector | |
US20110255086A1 (en) | Optical sample detection system and sample analysis device | |
WO2013061968A1 (ja) | 煙感知器 | |
US11915569B2 (en) | Smoke detector | |
RU2651644C1 (ru) | Устройство для ослабления падающего света пучка излучения | |
JP2010040009A (ja) | 煙感知器 | |
JP5145162B2 (ja) | 煙感知器 | |
JP2004219131A (ja) | オイルミスト検出装置 | |
JP2016053554A (ja) | 粒子検出センサ | |
JPH08263767A (ja) | 微粒子検出センサ | |
CN109754565A (zh) | 一种光电感烟烟雾探测暗室 | |
CN219161928U (zh) | 一种粒子计数器 | |
JP4434063B2 (ja) | 光学式検出装置 | |
JP2020122655A (ja) | 測距検出器検査装置 | |
JPH08271424A (ja) | 微粒子検出センサ | |
JP2010096716A (ja) | 赤外線カメラ | |
JP6323021B2 (ja) | 物体検知センサ及び遊技機 | |
CN115704930A (zh) | 可调整衰减光学单元 | |
SU746649A1 (ru) | Датчик дыма |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 12805142 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2013522546 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 14128421 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 1400711 Country of ref document: GB Kind code of ref document: A Free format text: PCT FILING DATE = 20120529 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1400711.6 Country of ref document: GB |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2012277058 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20120529 Kind code of ref document: A |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 12805142 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |