WO2012169389A1 - 熱間プレス用鋼板およびそれを用いた熱間プレス部材の製造方法 - Google Patents
熱間プレス用鋼板およびそれを用いた熱間プレス部材の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012169389A1 WO2012169389A1 PCT/JP2012/063824 JP2012063824W WO2012169389A1 WO 2012169389 A1 WO2012169389 A1 WO 2012169389A1 JP 2012063824 W JP2012063824 W JP 2012063824W WO 2012169389 A1 WO2012169389 A1 WO 2012169389A1
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0242—Flattening; Dressing; Flexing
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- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/565—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of zinc
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
- Y10T428/12972—Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
- Y10T428/12979—Containing more than 10% nonferrous elements [e.g., high alloy, stainless]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
- Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/27—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified weight per unit area [e.g., gms/sq cm, lbs/sq ft, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/27—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified weight per unit area [e.g., gms/sq cm, lbs/sq ft, etc.]
- Y10T428/273—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified weight per unit area [e.g., gms/sq cm, lbs/sq ft, etc.] of coating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a steel plate for hot pressing suitable for manufacturing an automobile undercarriage member, a vehicle body structural member, and the like by hot pressing, and a method for manufacturing a hot pressing member using the same.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a process called a hot press that enables both easy processing and high strength by simultaneously processing a heated steel sheet using a die and a punch and simultaneously cooling it.
- Technology has been proposed.
- the steel plate is heated to a high temperature of around 950 ° C. before hot pressing, so scale (iron oxide) is generated on the surface of the steel plate and the scale peels off during hot pressing.
- the mold is damaged or the surface of the member after hot pressing is damaged.
- the scale remaining on the surface of the member also causes poor appearance and poor paint adhesion.
- the scale on the surface of the member is usually removed by processing such as pickling or shot blasting, but this complicates the manufacturing process and causes a decrease in productivity.
- excellent corrosion resistance is required for automobile undercarriage members and vehicle body structural members, hot press members manufactured by the above-described processes are not provided with a rust preventive film such as a plating layer. Therefore, the corrosion resistance is very insufficient.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a hot press member having excellent corrosion resistance in which a steel sheet coated with Zn or a Zn base alloy is hot pressed and a Zn—Fe base compound or a Zn—Fe—Al base compound is provided on the surface.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a process in which an alloyed hot-dip Zn-plated steel sheet is heated at 700 to 1000 ° C. for 2 to 20 minutes and then hot pressed to provide a plating layer containing a Fe—Zn solid solution phase on the surface.
- a hot press-formed product (member) having excellent properties, weldability, and corrosion resistance is disclosed.
- the hot-pressed member manufactured by the method described in Patent Document 2 may cause poor appearance and reduced paint adhesion due to scale formation, leading to corrosion resistance deterioration due to ZnO formation.
- the hot press members described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 have a problem that they are inferior in corrosion resistance against perforation corrosion (hereinafter referred to as perforation corrosion resistance) that tends to occur in a portion where the chemical conversion treatment film or the electrodeposition coating film does not adhere. There is.
- Scale generation is likely to occur at a local portion such as a crack generated from a defective portion of a plating layer or a Zn-Fe metal compound formed during heating by hot pressing.
- Scale and ZnO are likely to occur in a low Zn-based plating layer having a melting point of less than 700 ° C.
- iii) In order to suppress the generation of scale and ZnO, it is effective to form a plating layer containing 10 to 25% by mass of Ni having a high melting point, with the balance being Zn and inevitable impurities.
- the present invention has been made on the basis of such knowledge, and the steel sheet surface contains, in order, 10 to 25% by mass of Ni, the balance is made of Zn and inevitable impurities, and the adhesion amount is 10 to 90 g / m 2.
- a hot-press steel sheet characterized by having a plating layer of the above and a lubricating layer containing a solid lubricant.
- At least one kind selected from a Si-containing compound layer, a Ti-containing compound layer, an Al-containing compound layer, and a Zr-containing compound layer is further provided between the plating layer and the lubricating layer. It is preferable to have a compound layer.
- the present invention also includes a plating layer containing, in order, 10 to 25% by mass of Ni on the steel sheet surface, the balance being Zn and inevitable impurities, and an adhesion amount of 10 to 90 g / m 2 , and a solid lubricant.
- a steel sheet for hot pressing comprising: at least one compound layer selected from a Si-containing compound layer, a Ti-containing compound layer, an Al-containing compound layer, and a Zr-containing compound layer.
- the base steel sheet for the plating layer in the hot-press steel sheet of the present invention is, in mass%, C: 0.15 to 0.5%, Si: 0.05 to 2.0%, Mn: 0.5 to 3 %, P: 0.1% or less, S: 0.05% or less, Al: 0.1% or less, N: 0.01% or less, with the balance being composed of Fe and inevitable impurities
- a steel plate can be used.
- the base steel sheet further includes at least one selected from Cr: 0.01 to 1%, Ti: 0.2% or less, and B: 0.0005 to 0.08% by mass%, or Sb: It is preferable that 0.003% to 0.03% is contained individually or simultaneously.
- the present invention further relates to a hot press member characterized in that the hot press steel sheet as described above is hot pressed after being cold-pressed and then heated to a temperature range of Ac 3 transformation point to 1000 ° C.
- a manufacturing method is provided.
- the surface of the steel sheet contains, in order, 60% by mass or more of Ni, the balance being Zn and unavoidable impurities, and an adhesion amount of 0.01 to 5 g / m 2.
- Hot having a plating layer II containing 25% by mass of Ni, the balance being Zn and inevitable impurities and having an adhesion amount of 10 to 90 g / m 2 , and a lubricating layer containing a solid lubricant Provide steel sheet for press.
- the steel sheet for hot pressing according to the present invention, at least one selected from a Si-containing compound layer, a Ti-containing compound layer, an Al-containing compound layer, and a Zr-containing compound layer is further provided between the plating layer II and the lubricating layer. It is preferable to have the compound layer.
- the surface of the steel sheet contains, in order, 60% by mass or more of Ni, the balance being Zn and unavoidable impurities, and an adhesion amount of 0.01 to 5 g / m 2.
- a steel sheet for hot pressing comprising at least one compound layer selected from a containing compound layer and a Zr-containing compound layer.
- the base steel sheet for the plating layer in the hot-press steel sheet of the present invention is, in mass%, C: 0.15 to 0.5%, Si: 0.05 to 2.0%, Mn: 0.5 to 3 %, P: 0.1% or less, S: 0.05% or less, Al: 0.1% or less, N: 0.01% or less, with the balance being composed of Fe and inevitable impurities
- a steel plate can be used.
- the base steel sheet further includes at least one selected from Cr: 0.01 to 1%, Ti: 0.2% or less, and B: 0.0005 to 0.08% by mass%, or Sb: It is preferable that 0.003% to 0.03% is contained individually or simultaneously.
- the present invention further provides a hot press member, wherein the hot press steel sheet as described above is hot pressed after being cold pressed to a temperature range of Ac 3 transformation point to 1000 ° C.
- a manufacturing method is provided. In the method for producing a member for hot pressing according to the present invention, when heating to a temperature range of Ac 3 transformation point to 1000 ° C., it is preferable to further heat at an average temperature rising rate of 100 ° C./s or more.
- the present invention it is possible to produce a steel sheet for hot pressing that can suppress the generation of scale and ZnO during hot pressing, has excellent oxidation resistance, and is excellent in cold pressability.
- a steel sheet for hot pressing that is excellent in perforated corrosion resistance after hot pressing and also excellent in cold pressability.
- the hot press member manufactured by the hot press member manufacturing method of the present invention using the hot press steel plate of the present invention has a good appearance and has excellent paint adhesion and corrosion resistance. It is suitable for the underbody member and the vehicle body structural member.
- Embodiment A A-1 Steel Sheet for Hot Pressing A-1-1) Plating Layer
- the steel sheet surface contains 10 to 25% by mass or more of Ni.
- a plating layer is formed with the balance being Zn and inevitable impurities.
- a ⁇ phase having a melting point of 881 ° C. and a crystal structure of any of Ni 2 Zn 11 , NiZn 3 , and Ni 5 Zn 21 is formed. Scale and ZnO formation reaction during heating can be minimized.
- the ⁇ phase of Ni 2 Zn 11 , NiZn 3 and Ni 5 Zn 21 can be confirmed by an X-ray diffraction method or an electron beam diffraction method using TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy). Further, although the ⁇ phase is formed as described above by setting the Ni content of the plating layer to 10 to 25% by mass, some ⁇ phase may be mixed depending on the conditions of electroplating. At this time, in order to minimize the zinc oxide formation reaction on the surface of the plating layer in the heating process, the amount of ⁇ phase is preferably 5% by mass or less. The amount of the ⁇ phase is defined by the weight ratio of the ⁇ phase to the total weight of the plating layer, and can be quantified by, for example, the anodic dissolution method.
- the adhesion amount per side of the plating layer is less than 10 g / m 2 , the sacrificial anticorrosive effect of Zn will not be sufficiently exerted, and if it exceeds 90 g / m 2 , the effect will be saturated and the cost will be increased. / M 2 .
- the method for forming such a plating layer is not particularly limited, but a known electroplating method is suitable.
- A-1-2) Lubricating layer In order to provide excellent cold pressability, a lubricating layer containing a solid lubricant is provided on the plating layer. By providing the lubricating layer, the dynamic friction coefficient is reduced, and the cold press property can be improved.
- solid lubricant examples include the following, and at least one of them can be used.
- Polyolefin wax, paraffin wax For example, polyethylene wax, synthetic paraffin, natural paraffin, micro wax, chlorinated hydrocarbon, etc.
- Fluororesin For example, polyfluoroethylene resin (polytetrafluoroethylene resin, etc.)
- Fatty acid amide compounds such as stearic acid amide, palmitic acid amide, methylene bisstearamide, ethylene bisstearamide, oleic acid amide, esylic acid amide, alkylene bis Fatty acid amide, etc.
- Metal soaps For example, calcium stearate, lead stearate, calcium laurate, calcium palmitate, etc.
- Metal sulfides For example, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, etc. (6) Other: graphite, graphite fluoride, boron nitride, borax, polyalkylene glycols, among these solid lubricants, such as alkali metal sulfates, in particular, polyethylene waxes, fluororesin is preferable.
- polyethylene waxes include Clariant Japan Co., Ltd. Selidust 9615A, Selidust 3715, Selidust 3620, Selidust 3910 (all trade names), Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd. Sun Wax 131-P, Sun Wax 161-P.
- Chemipearl W-100, Chemipearl W-200, Chemipearl W-500, Chemipearl W-800, Chemipearl W-950 (all are trade names) manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. can be used.
- fluororesin polytetrafluoroethylene resin is most preferable.
- Lubron L-2, Lubron L-5 both trade names) manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.
- Mitsui Dubon MP1100, MP1200 all are trade names
- Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. full-on dispersion AD1, full-on dispersion AD2, full-on L141J, full-on L150J, full-on L170J (all are trade names), etc. are suitable.
- a composition in which a solid lubricant is added using an organic resin as a binder may be deposited on the plating layer, and then heated and dried without washing.
- the outstanding coating adhesiveness is also obtained by using organic resin as a binder.
- Such an adhesion treatment of the composition may be any of a coating method, a dipping method, and a spray method, and a roll coater, a squeeze coater, a die coater, or the like can be used. At this time, after applying, dipping, and spraying with a squeeze coater or the like, it is possible to adjust the coating amount, uniform appearance, and uniform thickness by an air knife method or roll drawing method.
- organic resins that are binders for the lubricating layer include epoxy resins, modified epoxy resins, polyhydroxy polyether resins, polyalkylene glycol-modified epoxy resins, urethane-modified epoxy resins, and resins obtained by further modifying these resins, polyester resins, and urethane resins. It is appropriate to use at least one selected from acrylic resins and polyolefin resins. Moreover, you may use together well-known hardening
- the blending amount of the solid lubricant in the lubricating layer is preferably 1 to 20 parts by weight (solid content) and preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight (solid) with respect to 100 parts by weight (solid content) of the composition using an organic resin as a binder. Min) is more preferred. If the blending amount of the solid lubricant is 1 part by mass or more, the lubricating effect is high, and if it is 20 parts by mass or less, the coating adhesion does not decrease.
- the layer thickness after drying of the lubricating layer is preferably 0.1 to 2.0 ⁇ m. If the layer thickness is 0.1 ⁇ m or more, the effect of improving the cold press property is sufficient, and if it is 2.0 ⁇ m or less, many thermal decomposition products of the organic resin component are not generated during hot pressing.
- A-1-3) Compound layer At least one compound selected from a Si-containing compound layer, a Ti-containing compound layer, an Al-containing compound layer, and a Zr-containing compound layer is further provided between the plating layer and the lubricating layer.
- the thickness of the compound layer is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more. If the thickness of the compound layer exceeds 3.0 ⁇ m, the compound layer may become brittle and the coating adhesion may be lowered. Therefore, the thickness is preferably 3.0 ⁇ m or less. More preferably, it is 0.4 to 2.0 ⁇ m.
- Si-containing compound for example, silicone resin, lithium silicate, sodium silicate, colloidal silica, silane coupling agent and the like can be applied.
- Ti-containing compound for example, a titanate such as lithium titanate or calcium titanate, a titanium coupling agent mainly composed of titanium alkoxide or a chelate-type titanium compound can be applied.
- Al-containing compound for example, an aluminate such as sodium aluminate or calcium aluminate, an aluminum coupling agent mainly composed of an aluminum alkoxide or a chelate-type aluminum compound can be applied.
- a zirconate such as lithium zirconate or calcium zirconate
- a zirconium coupling agent mainly composed of a zirconium alkoxide or a chelate-type zirconium compound can be applied.
- the adhesion treatment of these compounds may be any of a coating method, a dipping method, and a spray method, and a roll coater, a squeeze coater, a die coater, or the like may be used.
- a coating method a dipping method, and a spray method
- a roll coater, a squeeze coater, a die coater, or the like may be used.
- the heat drying is preferably performed so that the maximum temperature of the steel sheet is 40 to 200 ° C. More preferably, it is carried out at 60 to 160 ° C.
- such a compound layer on the plating layer contains at least one kind of cation selected from Si, Ti, Al, and Zr, and is selected from among phosphate ions, fluoric acid ions, and fluoride ions. It is also possible to perform a reactive treatment in which a steel sheet having a plating layer is immersed in an acidic aqueous solution containing at least one kind of anion, and then wash with water or heat and dry without washing.
- the compounding amount of the solid lubricant in the compound layer is preferably 1 to 20 parts by mass (solid content), more preferably 1 to 10 parts by mass (solid content) with respect to 100 parts by mass (solid content) of the compound. If the blending amount of the solid lubricant is 1 part by mass or more, the lubricating effect is excellent, and if it is 20 parts by mass or less, the coating adhesion does not deteriorate.
- A-1-4 Underlying steel plate
- C 0.15 to 0.5%
- Si 0 0.05 to 2.0%
- Mn 0.5 to 3%
- P 0.1% or less
- S 0.05% or less
- Al 0.1% or less
- N 0.01% or less
- % representing the content of a component means “% by mass” unless otherwise specified.
- C 0.15-0.5% C is an element that improves the strength of steel. In order to increase the TS of the hot pressed member to 980 MPa or more, the amount needs to be 0.15% or more. On the other hand, when the amount of C exceeds 0.5%, the blanking workability of the raw steel plate is significantly lowered. Therefore, the C content is 0.15 to 0.5%.
- Si 0.05 to 2.0% Si, like C, is an element that improves the strength of steel.
- the amount In order to increase the TS of the hot pressed member to 980 MPa or more, the amount needs to be 0.05% or more.
- the amount of Si exceeds 2.0%, the occurrence of surface defects called red scales during hot rolling is remarkably increased, the rolling load is increased, and the ductility of the hot-rolled steel sheet is deteriorated.
- the Si content exceeds 2.0%, the plating processability may be adversely affected when a plating process for forming a plating film mainly composed of Zn on the steel sheet surface is performed. Therefore, the Si content is 0.05 to 2.0%.
- Mn 0.5 to 3%
- Mn is an element effective for suppressing the ferrite transformation and improving the hardenability, and also reduces the Ac 3 transformation point, so that it is an effective element for lowering the heating temperature before hot pressing. is there. In order to exhibit such an effect, the amount needs to be 0.5% or more.
- the amount of Mn exceeds 3%, it segregates and the uniformity of the characteristics of the raw steel plate and the hot press member decreases. Therefore, the amount of Mn is 0.5 to 3%.
- P 0.1% or less
- the amount of P exceeds 0.1%, segregation occurs and the uniformity of the characteristics of the steel plate and the hot pressed member is reduced, and the toughness is also significantly reduced. Therefore, the P content is 0.1% or less.
- Al 0.1% or less When the Al amount exceeds 0.1%, blanking workability and hardenability of the steel plate as a material are lowered. Therefore, the Al content is 0.1% or less.
- N 0.01% or less
- the N content exceeds 0.01%, a nitride of AlN is formed during hot rolling or heating before hot pressing, and the blanking workability and hardenability of the raw steel sheet are improved. Reduce. Therefore, the N content is 0.01% or less.
- the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities, but at least selected from Cr: 0.01 to 1%, Ti: 0.2% or less, and B: 0.0005 to 0.08% for the following reasons.
- One kind or Sb: 0.003 to 0.03% is preferably contained individually or simultaneously.
- Cr 0.01 to 1% Cr is an element effective for strengthening steel and improving hardenability.
- the Cr content is preferably 0.01% or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 1%.
- Ti 0.2% or less Ti is an element effective for strengthening steel and improving toughness by refining. Further, it is also an element effective for forming a nitride in preference to B described below and exhibiting the effect of improving hardenability by solid solution B. However, if the amount of Ti exceeds 0.2%, the rolling load during hot rolling increases extremely, and the toughness of the hot pressed member decreases, so the upper limit may be 0.2%. preferable.
- B 0.0005 to 0.08%
- B is an element effective for improving the hardenability during hot pressing and toughness after hot pressing.
- the B content is preferably 0.0005% or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 0.08%.
- Sb 0.003 to 0.03%
- Sb has an effect of suppressing a decarburized layer generated in the steel sheet surface layer portion between the time when the steel plate is heated before hot pressing and the time when the steel plate is cooled by a series of processes of hot pressing. In order to exhibit such an effect, the amount needs to be 0.003% or more. On the other hand, if the Sb content exceeds 0.03%, the rolling load increases and the productivity is lowered. Therefore, the Sb content is preferably 0.003 to 0.03%.
- A-2 Manufacturing Method of Hot Press Member The above-described steel sheet for hot press according to the present invention is hot pressed and then hot pressed to a temperature range of Ac 3 transformation point to 1000 ° C. Become.
- the heating above Ac 3 transformation point before hot pressing is the rapid cooling during hot pressing to form a hard phase such as martensite phase, in order to achieve high strength of the member.
- the upper limit of the heating temperature is set to 1000 ° C. because when the temperature exceeds 1000 ° C., a large amount of ZnO is generated on the surface of the plating layer.
- the heating temperature here means the highest temperature reached of the steel sheet.
- the average temperature increase rate during heating before hot pressing is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 to 200 ° C./s, for example.
- the generation of ZnO on the surface of the plating layer and the generation of local scale in the defective portion of the plating layer increase as the high-temperature residence time during which the steel sheet is exposed to high temperature conditions increases.
- the holding time at the maximum attained plate temperature is not particularly limited. However, a shorter time is preferable for the same reason as described above, preferably 300 s or less, more preferably 120 s or less, and even more preferably 10 s or less.
- heating by an electric furnace or a gas furnace flame heating, current heating, high frequency heating, induction heating, etc. can be exemplified.
- the electroplating process was carried out with a change of ⁇ 100 A / dm 2 to form a plating layer having a Ni content (the balance is Zn and unavoidable impurities), adhesion amount and ⁇ phase content as shown in Tables 1 and 2. .
- the steel sheet temperature reached after applying a composition (solid content ratio 15%) comprising the solid lubricant and the compound or organic binder shown in Tables 1 and 2 and the remaining solvent on the plating layer. was dried at 140 ° C.
- the steel plate No. Nos. 1 to 11 and 16 to 22 are examples in which a compound layer containing a solid lubricant is provided.
- Nos. 12 and 13 are examples in which a lubricating layer is provided.
- No. 14 is an example in which a lubricating layer is provided on the compound layer.
- No. 15 is an example in which neither a compound layer nor a lubricating layer is provided.
- Silicone resin KR-242A manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Polyethylene wax 1 Celi dust 3620 manufactured by Clariant Japan Fluororesin: Polytetrafluoroethylene resin Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. Fullon L170J Molybdenum disulfide: LM-13 manufactured by Daito Lubrication Co., Ltd.
- Graphite GP-60S manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. Boron nitride: FS-1 manufactured by Mizushima Alloy Iron Co., Ltd.
- Diethanol-modified epoxy resin ER-007 manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd.
- Block isocyanate Duranate MF-K60X manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation
- Ethylene ionomer Chemipearl S650 manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
- Polyethylene wax 2 Chemipearl W950 manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
- Silane coupling agent Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. KBE-403
- the hot press was simulated by heating under the heating conditions shown in Tables 1 and 2 by an electric furnace or direct energization, and then sandwiching with an Al mold and cooling at a cooling rate of 50 ° C./s.
- Cold pressability The dynamic pressurization coefficient was measured using the friction coefficient measuring apparatus schematically shown in FIG. 1 to evaluate the cold pressability. First, the sample 1 collected from the as-prepared steel plate is placed on the sample stage 2 fixed to the upper surface of the slide table 3. The slide table 3 can be moved horizontally by a roller 4 provided on the upper surface of the slide table support 5 below the slide table 3. Next, the sample 1 is pressed against the lower surface of the bead 6 having the shape shown in FIG.
- the pressing load N to the sample 1 is measured by the first load cell 7 attached to the slide table support 5.
- cleaning oil Preton R352L for press made from Sugimura Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. was apply
- the calculated ⁇ was evaluated according to the following criteria, and if it was ⁇ or ⁇ , it was considered that the cold press property was excellent.
- Oxidation resistance After heating under the heating conditions shown in Tables 1 and 2, the weight of the steel sheet was measured and the change in weight before heating was measured.
- the weight change is the sum of the weight increase due to the scale and ZnO generation and the weight decrease due to the scattering of the generated ZnO, but the smaller the absolute value, the better the oxidation resistance, and the evaluation based on the following criteria: If ⁇ or ⁇ , the object of the present invention was satisfied.
- a plating layer I containing 60% by mass or more of Ni and the balance of Zn and inevitable impurities is provided. If the amount of Ni in the plating layer I is less than 60% by mass, the Zn in the plating layer cannot be sufficiently prevented from diffusing into the underlying steel sheet, and excellent perforated corrosion resistance cannot be obtained.
- the amount of Ni in the plating layer I is preferably 100% by mass, but when it is less than 100% by mass, the balance is Zn and a unavoidable impurity having a sacrificial anticorrosive effect.
- the adhesion amount per one side of the plating layer I is less than 0.01 g / m 2 , the effect of suppressing the diffusion of Zn into the underlying steel sheet is not sufficiently exhibited, and if it exceeds 5 g / m 2 , the effect is saturated. In addition, the cost is increased, so 0.01 to 5 g / m 2 is set.
- the plating layer II is provided on the plating layer I in order to suppress the formation of a large amount of zinc oxide on the surface of the plating layer and to obtain excellent perforated corrosion resistance.
- the plating layer II is a plating layer containing 10 to 25% by mass of Ni, with the balance being Zn and inevitable impurities. Since the amount of Ni in the plating layer II is 10 to 25% by mass, a ⁇ phase having a high melting point of 881 ° C. having a crystal structure of Ni 2 Zn 11 , NiZn 3 , or Ni 5 Zn 21 is formed. Zinc oxide formation reaction on the surface of the plating layer in the heating process can be minimized.
- the plating layer II remains as a ⁇ phase even after the hot pressing is completed, excellent perforated corrosion resistance is exhibited due to the sacrificial anticorrosive effect of Zn.
- the formation of the ⁇ phase when the Ni content is 10 to 25% by mass does not necessarily match the equilibrium diagram of the Ni—Zn alloy. This is probably because the formation reaction of the plating layer performed by electroplating or the like proceeds in a non-equilibrium manner.
- the ⁇ phase of Ni 2 Zn 11 , NiZn 3 and Ni 5 Zn 21 can be confirmed by an X-ray diffraction method or an electron beam diffraction method using TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy).
- the ⁇ phase is formed as described above by setting the Ni content of the plating layer II to 10 to 25% by mass. Some ⁇ phase may be mixed depending on electroplating conditions. At this time, in order to minimize the zinc oxide formation reaction on the surface of the plating layer in the heating process, the amount of ⁇ phase is preferably 5% by mass or less. The amount of the ⁇ phase is defined by the weight ratio of the ⁇ phase to the total weight of the plating layer II, and can be quantified by, for example, the anodic dissolution method.
- the adhesion amount per one side of the plating layer II is less than 10 g / m 2 , the sacrificial anticorrosive effect of Zn is not sufficiently exhibited, and if it exceeds 90 g / m 2 , the effect is saturated and the cost is increased. 90 g / m 2 .
- the formation method of the plating layer I and the plating layer II is not particularly limited, but a known electroplating method is preferable.
- the lubricating layer containing a solid lubricant is provided on the plating layer II.
- the dynamic friction coefficient is reduced, and the cold press property can be improved.
- solid lubricant examples include the following, and at least one of them can be used.
- Polyolefin wax, paraffin wax For example, polyethylene wax, synthetic paraffin, natural paraffin, micro wax, chlorinated hydrocarbon, etc.
- Fluororesin For example, polyfluoroethylene resin (polytetrafluoroethylene resin, etc.)
- Fatty acid amide compounds such as stearic acid amide, palmitic acid amide, methylene bisstearamide, ethylene bisstearamide, oleic acid amide, esylic acid amide, alkylene bis Fatty acid amide, etc.
- Metal soaps For example, calcium stearate, lead stearate, calcium laurate, calcium palmitate, etc.
- Metal sulfides For example, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, etc. (6) Other: graphite, graphite fluoride, boron nitride, borax, polyalkylene glycols, among these solid lubricants, such as alkali metal sulfates, in particular, polyethylene waxes, fluororesin is preferable.
- polyethylene waxes include Clariant Japan Co., Ltd. Selidust 9615A, Selidust 3715, Selidust 3620, Selidust 3910 (all trade names), Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd. Sun Wax 131-P, Sun Wax 161-P.
- Chemipearl W-100, Chemipearl W-200, Chemipearl W-500, Chemipearl W-800, Chemipearl W-950 (all are trade names) manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. can be used.
- fluororesin polytetrafluoroethylene resin is most preferable.
- Lubron L-2, Lubron L-5 both trade names) manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd., Mitsui DuPont Co., Ltd. MP1100, MP1200 (all are trade names), Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. full-on dispersion AD1, full-on dispersion AD2, full-on L141J, full-on L150J, full-on L170J (all are trade names), etc. are suitable.
- a composition to which a solid lubricant is added using an organic resin as a binder is deposited on the plating layer II, and then heated and dried without washing.
- the outstanding coating adhesiveness is also obtained by using organic resin as a binder.
- Such an adhesion treatment of the composition may be any of a coating method, a dipping method, and a spray method, and a roll coater, a squeeze coater, a die coater, or the like can be used. At this time, after applying, dipping, and spraying with a squeeze coater or the like, it is possible to adjust the coating amount, uniform appearance, and uniform thickness by an air knife method or roll drawing method.
- organic resins that are binders for the lubricating layer include epoxy resins, modified epoxy resins, polyhydroxy polyether resins, polyalkylene glycol-modified epoxy resins, urethane-modified epoxy resins, and resins obtained by further modifying these resins, polyester resins, and urethane resins. It is appropriate to use at least one selected from acrylic resins and polyolefin resins. Moreover, you may use together well-known hardening
- the blending amount of the solid lubricant in the lubricating layer is preferably 1 to 20 parts by weight (solid content) and preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight (solid) with respect to 100 parts by weight (solid content) of the composition using an organic resin as a binder. Min) is more preferred. If the blending amount of the solid lubricant is 1 part by mass or more, the lubricating effect is high, and if it is 20 parts by mass or less, the coating adhesion does not decrease.
- the layer thickness after drying of the lubricating layer is preferably 0.1 to 2.0 ⁇ m. If the layer thickness is 0.1 ⁇ m or more, the effect of improving the cold press property is sufficient, and if it is 2.0 ⁇ m or less, many thermal decomposition products of the organic resin component are not generated during hot pressing.
- the thickness of the compound layer is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more. If the thickness of the compound layer is 3.0 ⁇ m or less, the compound layer is not fragile and there is no case where the coating adhesion is lowered. Therefore, the thickness is preferably 3.0 ⁇ m or less. More preferably, it is 0.4 to 2.0 ⁇ m.
- Si-containing compound for example, silicone resin, lithium silicate, sodium silicate, colloidal silica, silane coupling agent and the like can be applied.
- Ti-containing compound for example, a titanate such as lithium titanate or calcium titanate, a titanium coupling agent mainly composed of titanium alkoxide or a chelate-type titanium compound can be applied.
- Al-containing compound for example, an aluminate such as sodium aluminate or calcium aluminate, an aluminum coupling agent mainly composed of an aluminum alkoxide or a chelate-type aluminum compound can be applied.
- a zirconate such as lithium zirconate or calcium zirconate
- a zirconium coupling agent mainly composed of a zirconium alkoxide or a chelate-type zirconium compound can be applied.
- the plating layer II In order to form such a compound layer on the plating layer II, at least one compound selected from the Si-containing compound, the Ti-containing compound, the Al-containing compound, and the Zr-containing compound was attached on the plating layer II. Then, it may be heat-dried without washing with water.
- the adhesion treatment of these compounds may be any of a coating method, a dipping method, and a spray method, and a roll coater, a squeeze coater, a die coater, or the like may be used. At this time, after applying, dipping, and spraying with a squeeze coater or the like, it is possible to adjust the coating amount, uniform appearance, and uniform thickness by an air knife method or roll drawing method. Further, the heat drying is preferably performed so that the maximum temperature of the steel sheet is 40 to 200 ° C. More preferably, it is carried out at 60 to 160 ° C.
- such a compound layer on the plating layer II contains at least one cation selected from Si, Ti, Al, and Zr, and includes phosphate ions, fluoric acid ions, and fluoride ions. Even after a reactive treatment in which a steel sheet having a plating layer I and a plating layer II is immersed in an acidic aqueous solution containing at least one kind of anion selected from the above, it is washed with water or heated and dried without washing. Is possible.
- the compounding amount of the solid lubricant in the compound layer is preferably 1 to 20 parts by mass (solid content), more preferably 1 to 10 parts by mass (solid content) with respect to 100 parts by mass (solid content) of the compound. If the blending amount of the solid lubricant is 1 part by mass or more, the lubricating effect is excellent, and if it is 20 parts by mass or less, the coating adhesion does not deteriorate.
- the above-described steel sheet for hot press according to the present invention is cold pressed, it is heated to a temperature range of Ac 3 transformation point to 1000 ° C. and hot pressed. Can be manufactured.
- the heating above Ac 3 transformation point before hot pressing is the rapid cooling during hot pressing to form a hard phase such as martensite phase, in order to achieve high strength of the member.
- the upper limit of the heating temperature is set to 1000 ° C., because when the temperature exceeds 1000 ° C., a large amount of zinc oxide is formed on the surface of the plating layer, and excellent perforated corrosion resistance cannot be obtained.
- the heating temperature here means the highest temperature reached of the steel sheet.
- the average temperature rising rate during heating before hot pressing is 100 ° C./s or more, the formation of zinc oxide on the surface of the plating layer can be further suppressed, and the perforated corrosion resistance can be further improved.
- the generation of zinc oxide on the surface of the plating layer increases as the high-temperature residence time during which the steel sheet is exposed to high-temperature conditions increases. Therefore, the higher the average heating rate, the shorter the high-temperature residence time. This is because the production of zinc oxide on the surface can be suppressed.
- the holding time at the maximum plate temperature is not particularly limited. In order to suppress the production of zinc oxide, a shorter time is preferable, preferably 300 s or less, more preferably 60 s or less, and still more preferably 10 s or less.
- heating by an electric furnace or a gas furnace flame heating, current heating, high frequency heating, induction heating, etc. can be exemplified.
- flame heating current heating, high frequency heating, induction heating, etc.
- current heating high frequency heating, induction heating, and the like are suitable.
- the electroplating process was performed while changing to ⁇ 100 A / dm 2 to form a plating layer I having the Ni content and the adhesion amount shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- the current density was 5 to 100 A / dm 2 in a plating bath containing 200 g / L nickel sulfate hexahydrate and 10 to 100 g / L zinc sulfate heptahydrate at pH 1.5 and a temperature of 50 ° C.
- the plating layer II having the Ni content, the adhesion amount, and the ⁇ phase content shown in Tables 1 and 2 was formed by performing electroplating treatment. Furthermore, except in some cases, a steel sheet after applying a composition (solid content ratio 15%) comprising a solid lubricant and a compound or an organic binder shown in Tables 4 and 5 and comprising the remaining solvent on the plating layer II was obtained. Drying is performed under the condition that the temperature is 140 ° C., and a compound layer or a lubricating layer having a thickness shown in Tables 4 and 5 is formed. 1 to 25 were produced.
- the solvent was ethylene glycol monobutyl ether: petroleum naphtha, 55:45 (mass ratio) thinner.
- the solvent when using a silane coupling agent as a compound and when using an ethylene ionomer as an organic binder, the solvent was deionized water.
- the steel plate No. Nos. 1 to 11 and 16 to 25 are examples in which a compound layer containing a solid lubricant is provided.
- Nos. 12 and 13 are examples in which a lubricating layer is provided.
- No. 14 is an example in which a lubricating layer is provided on the compound layer.
- No. 15 is an example in which neither a compound layer nor a lubricating layer is provided.
- Silicone resin KR-242A manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Polyethylene wax 1 Celi dust 3620 manufactured by Clariant Japan Fluororesin: Polytetrafluoroethylene resin Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. Fullon L170J Molybdenum disulfide: LM-13 manufactured by Daito Lubrication Co., Ltd.
- Graphite GP-60S manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. Boron nitride: FS-1 manufactured by Mizushima Alloy Iron Co., Ltd.
- Diethanol-modified epoxy resin ER-007 manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd.
- Block isocyanate Duranate MF-K60X manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation
- Ethylene ionomer Chemipearl S650 manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
- Polyethylene wax 2 Chemipearl W950 manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
- Silane coupling agent Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. KBE-403
- the hot press was simulated by heating under the heating conditions shown in Tables 4 and 5 by an electric furnace or direct energization, and then sandwiching with an Al mold and cooling at the cooling rate shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- Cold pressability The dynamic pressurization coefficient was measured using the friction coefficient measuring apparatus schematically shown in FIG. 1 to evaluate the cold pressability. First, the sample 1 collected from the as-prepared steel plate is placed on the sample stage 2 fixed to the upper surface of the slide table 3. The slide table 3 can be moved horizontally by a roller 4 provided on the upper surface of the slide table support 5 below the slide table 3. Next, the sample 1 is pressed against the lower surface of the bead 6 having the shape shown in FIG.
- the pressing load N to the sample 1 is measured by the first load cell 7 attached to the slide table support 5.
- cleaning oil Preton R352L for press made from Sugimura Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. was apply
- Perforated corrosion resistance is evaluated on the assumption that the chemical conversion coating or electrodeposition coating is not attached, so samples are taken from the steel plate after heat treatment, and the non-evaluated and end surfaces of the sample are sealed with tape After that, salt spray (5 mass% NaCl aqueous solution, 35 ° C., 2 h) ⁇ drying (60 ° C., relative humidity 20-30%, 4 h) ⁇ wet (50 ° C., relative humidity 95%, 2 h) is one cycle.
- the composite corrosion test was carried out for 150 cycles, the maximum thickness reduction value of the sample after the test was measured, and evaluated according to the following criteria. If ⁇ , ⁇ , or ⁇ , the object of the present invention was satisfied.
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Abstract
Description
また、本発明のもう一つの目的は、熱間プレス後の穴あき耐食性に優れるとともに、冷間プレス性にも優れる熱間プレス用鋼板およびそれを用いた熱間プレス部材の製造方法を提供することである。
i)スケールの生成は、めっき層の欠陥部や、熱間プレスにより加熱時に形成されたZn−Fe金属化合物を起点に発生したクラックのような局所的な部位で起きやすい。
ii)スケールやZnOの生成は、融点が700℃未満の低いZn系めっき層で起きやすい。
iii)スケールやZnOの生成を抑制するには、融点が高い10~25質量%のNiを含み、残部がZnおよび不可避的不純物からなるめっき層とすることが効果的である。
iv)優れた冷間プレス性を付与するには、めっき層上に、固形潤滑剤を含む潤滑層を設けることが効果的である。
v)特許文献2や3に記載のZnまたはZnベース合金めっき層を設けた鋼板を用いて製造した熱間プレス部材が穴あき耐食性に劣る原因は、熱間プレス前の加熱時にめっき層のZnが、下地鋼板に拡散してFe−Zn固溶相中に取り込まれたり、めっき層表面において多量の酸化亜鉛を形成するため、Znが本来有する犠牲防食効果が著しく低下したことによる。
vi)めっき層のZnが下地鋼板に拡散することを抑制するには、鋼板表面に60質量%以上のNiを含み、残部がZnおよび不可避的不純物からなるめっき層Iを設けることが、また、めっき層表面における多量の酸化亜鉛形成を抑制するには、このめっき層I上に、10~25質量%のNiを含み、残部がZnおよび不可避的不純物からなるめっき層IIを設けることが効果的である。
vii)優れた冷間プレス性を付与するには、めっき層II上に、固形潤滑剤を含む潤滑層を設けることが効果的である。
本発明は、また、鋼板表面に、順に、60質量%以上のNiを含み、残部がZnおよび不可避的不純物からなり、付着量が0.01~5g/m2のめっき層Iと、10~25質量%のNiを含み、残部がZnおよび不可避的不純物からなり、付着量が10~90g/m2のめっき層IIと、固形潤滑剤を含む潤滑層とを有することを特徴とする熱間プレス用鋼板を提供する。
本発明の熱間プレス用鋼板では、めっき層IIと潤滑層との間に、さらに、Si含有化合物層、Ti含有化合物層、Al含有化合物層、Zr含有化合物層のうちから選ばれた少なくとも一種の化合物層を有することが好ましい。
本発明は、また、鋼板表面に、順に、60質量%以上のNiを含み、残部がZnおよび不可避的不純物からなり、付着量が0.01~5g/m2のめっき層Iと、10~25質量%のNiを含み、残部がZnおよび不可避的不純物からなり、付着量が10~90g/m2のめっき層IIと、固形潤滑剤を含み、Si含有化合物層、Ti含有化合物層、Al含有化合物層、Zr含有化合物層のうちから選ばれた少なくとも一種の化合物層とを有することを特徴とする熱間プレス用鋼板を提供する。
本発明の熱間プレス用鋼板におけるめっき層の下地鋼板としては、質量%で、C:0.15~0.5%、Si:0.05~2.0%、Mn:0.5~3%、P:0.1%以下、S:0.05%以下、Al:0.1%以下、N:0.01%以下を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる成分組成を有する鋼板を用いることができる。この下地鋼板には、さらに、質量%で、Cr:0.01~1%、Ti:0.2%以下、B:0.0005~0.08%のうちから選ばれた少なくとも一種やSb:0.003~0.03%が、個別にあるいは同時に含有されることが好ましい。
本発明は、さらに、上記のような熱間プレス用鋼板を、冷間プレス後、Ac3変態点~1000℃の温度範囲に加熱し、熱間プレスすることを特徴とする熱間プレス部材の製造方法を提供する。
本発明の熱間プレス用部材の製造方法では、Ac3変態点~1000℃の温度範囲に加熱するとき、さらに、100℃/s以上の平均昇温速度で加熱することが好ましい。
A−1熱間プレス用鋼板
A−1−1)めっき層
本実施形態Aでは、熱間プレス時にスケールやZnOの生成を抑制するために、鋼板表面に10~25質量%以上のNiを含み、残部がZnおよび不可避的不純物からなるめっき層を設ける。めっき層のNi含有率を10~25質量%とすることによりNi2Zn11、NiZn3、Ni5Zn21のいずれかの結晶構造を有する融点が881℃と高いγ相が形成されるので、加熱時におけるスケールやZnOの生成反応を最小限に抑制することができる。また、加熱時にはZn−Fe金属化合物が形成されないため、クラックの発生に伴うスケールの生成も抑制される。さらには、熱間プレス完了後にも、めっき層はγ相として残存するため、Znの犠牲防食効果により優れた耐食性を発揮する。なお、Ni量が10~25質量%におけるγ相の形成は、Ni−Zn合金の平衡状態図とは必ずしも一致しない。これは電気めっき法などで行われるめっき層の形成反応が非平衡で進行するためと考えられる。Ni2Zn11、NiZn3、Ni5Zn21のγ相は、X線回折法やTEM(Transmission Electron Microscopy)を用いた電子線回折法により確認できる。また、めっき層のNi量を10~25質量%とすることにより上述のとおりγ相が形成されるが、電気めっきの条件等によっては多少のη相が混在することがある。このとき、加熱過程におけるめっき層表面での酸化亜鉛形成反応を最小限に抑制するために、η相の量は5質量%以下であることが好ましい。η相の量は、めっき層の全重量に対するη相の重量比で定義され、例えばアノード溶解法などにより定量することができる。
優れた冷間プレス性を付与するために、めっき層上に固形潤滑剤を含む潤滑層を設ける。潤滑層を設けることにより、動摩擦係数が低下し、冷間プレス性の向上が図れる。
(1)ポリオレフィンワックス、パラフィンワックス:例えば、ポリエチレンワックス、合成パラフィン、天然パラフィン、マイクロワックス、塩素化炭化水素など
(2)フッ素樹脂:例えば、ポリフルオロエチレン樹脂(ポリ4フッ化エチレン樹脂など)、ポリフッ化ビニル樹脂、ポリフッ化ビニリデン樹脂など
(3)脂肪酸アミド系化合物:例えば、ステアリン酸アミド、パルミチン酸アミド、メチレンビスステアロアミド、エチレンビスステアロアミド、オレイン酸アミド、エシル酸アミド、アルキレンビス脂肪酸アミドなど
(4)金属石けん類:例えば、ステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸鉛、ラウリン酸カルシウム、パルミチン酸カルシウムなど
(5)金属硫化物:例えば、二硫化モリブデン、二硫化タングステンなど
(6)その他:グラファイト、フッ化黒鉛、窒化ホウ素、ホウ砂、ポリアルキレングリコール、アルカリ金属硫酸塩など
こうした固形潤滑剤の中でも、特に、ポリエチレンワックス、フッ素樹脂が好適である。ポリエチレンワックスとしては、例えば、クラリアントジャパン(株)製のセリダスト9615A、セリダスト3715、セリダスト3620、セリダスト3910(いずれも商品名)、三洋化成(株)製のサンワックス131−P、サンワックス161−P(いずれも商品名)、三井化学(株)製のケミパールW−100、ケミパールW−200、ケミパールW−500、ケミパールW−800、ケミパールW−950(いずれも商品名)などを用いることができる。また、フッ素樹脂としては、ポリ4フッ化エチレン樹脂が最も好ましく、例えば、ダイキン工業(株)製のルブロンL−2、ルブロンL−5(いずれも商品名)、三井・デュボン(株)製のMP1100、MP1200(いずれも商品名)、旭硝子(株)製のフルオンディスパージョンAD1、フルオンディスパージョンAD2、フルオンL141J、フルオンL150J、フルオンL170J(いずれも商品名)などが好適である。
めっき層と潤滑層との間には、さらに、Si含有化合物層、Ti含有化合物層、Al含有化合物層、Zr含有化合物層のうちから選ばれた少なくとも一種の化合物層を設けると優れた塗装密着性が得られる。こうした効果を得るには、化合物層の厚みを0.1μm以上にすることが好ましい。化合物層の厚みは、3.0μmを超えると化合物層が脆くなって塗装密着性の低下を招く場合があるので、3.0μm以下にすることが好ましい。より好ましくは0.4~2.0μmである。
980MPa以上の強度を有する熱間プレス部材を得るには、めっき層の下地鋼板として、例えば、質量%で、C:0.15~0.5%、Si:0.05~2.0%、Mn:0.5~3%、P:0.1%以下、S:0.05%以下、Al:0.1%以下、N:0.01%以下を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる成分組成を有する熱延鋼板や冷延鋼板を用いることができる。各成分元素の限定理由を、以下に説明する。ここで、成分の含有量を表す「%」は、特に断らない限り「質量%」を意味する。
Cは、鋼の強度を向上させる元素であり、熱間プレス部材のTSを980MPa以上にするには、その量を0.15%以上とする必要がある。一方、C量が0.5%を超えると、素材の鋼板のブランキング加工性が著しく低下する。したがって、C量は0.15~0.5%とする。
Siは、C同様、鋼の強度を向上させる元素であり、熱間プレス部材のTSを980MPa以上にするには、その量を0.05%以上とする必要がある。一方、Si量が2.0%を超えると、熱間圧延時に赤スケールと呼ばれる表面欠陥の発生が著しく増大するとともに、圧延荷重が増大したり、熱延鋼板の延性の劣化を招く。さらに、Si量が2.0%を超えると、Znを主体としためっき皮膜を鋼板表面に形成するめっき処理を施す際に、めっき処理性に悪影響を及ぼす場合がある。したがって、Si量は0.05~2.0%とする。
Mnは、フェライト変態を抑制して焼入れ性を向上させるのに効果的な元素であり、また、Ac3変態点を低下させるので、熱間プレス前の加熱温度を低下するにも有効な元素である。このような効果の発現のためには、その量を0.5%以上とする必要がある。一方、Mn量が3%を超えると、偏析して素材の鋼板および熱間プレス部材の特性の均一性が低下する。したがって、Mn量は0.5~3%とする。
P量が0.1%を超えると、偏析して素材の鋼板および熱間プレス部材の特性の均一性が低下するとともに、靭性も著しく低下する。したがって、P量は0.1%以下とする。
S量が0.05%を超えると、熱間プレス部材の靭性が低下する。したがって、S量は0.05%以下とする。
Al量が0.1%を超えると、素材の鋼板のブランキング加工性や焼入れ性を低下させる。したがって、Al量は0.1%以下とする。
N量が0.01%を超えると、熱間圧延時や熱間プレス前の加熱時にAlNの窒化物を形成し、素材の鋼板のブランキング加工性や焼入れ性を低下させる。したがって、N量は0.01%以下とする。
Crは、鋼を強化するとともに、焼入れ性を向上させるのに有効な元素である。こうした効果の発現のためには、Cr量を0.01%以上とすることが好ましい。一方、Cr量が1%を超えると、著しいコスト高を招くため、その上限は1%とすることが好ましい。
Tiは、鋼を強化するとともに、細粒化により靭性を向上させるのに有効な元素である。また、次に述べるBよりも優先して窒化物を形成して、固溶Bによる焼入れ性の向上効果を発揮させるのに有効な元素でもある。しかし、Ti量が0.2%を超えると、熱間圧延時の圧延荷重が極端に増大し、また、熱間プレス部材の靭性が低下するので、その上限は0.2%とすることが好ましい。
Bは、熱間プレス時の焼入れ性や熱間プレス後の靭性向上に有効な元素である。こうした効果の発現のためには、B量を0.0005%以上とすることが好ましい。一方、B量が0.08%を超えると、熱間圧延時の圧延荷重が極端に増大し、また、熱間圧延後にマルテンサイト相やベイナイト相が生じて鋼板の割れなどが生じるので、その上限は0.08%とすることが好ましい。
Sbは、熱間プレス前に鋼板を加熱してから熱間プレスの一連の処理によって鋼板を冷却するまでの間に鋼板表層部に生じる脱炭層を抑制する効果を有する。このような効果の発現のためにはその量を0.003%以上とする必要がある。一方、Sb量が0.03%を超えると、圧延荷重の増大を招き、生産性を低下させる。したがって、Sb量は0.003~0.03%とすることが好ましい。
上記した本発明の熱間プレス用鋼板は、冷間プレス後、Ac3変態点~1000℃の温度範囲に加熱後熱間プレスされて熱間プレス部材となる。熱間プレス前にAc3変態点以上に加熱するのは、熱間プレス時の急冷でマルテンサイト相などの硬質相を形成し、部材の高強度化を図るためである。また、加熱温度の上限を1000℃としたのは、1000℃を超えるとめっき層表面に多量のZnOが生成するためである。なお、ここでいう加熱温度とは鋼板の最高到達温度のことをいう。
シリコーン樹脂:信越化学(株)製 KR−242A
ポリエチレンワックス1:クラリアントジャパン(株)製 セリダスト3620
フッ素樹脂:ポリ4フッ化エチレン樹脂 旭硝子(株)製 フルオンL170J
二硫化モリブデン:大東潤滑(株)製 LM−13
グラファイト:日立化成工業(株)製 GP−60S
窒化ホウ素:水島合金鉄(株)製 FS−1
ジエタノール変性エポキシ樹脂:関西ペイント(株)製 ER−007
ブロックイソシアネート:旭化成工業(株)製 デュラネートMF−K60X
エチレンアイオノマー:三井化学工業(株)製 ケミパールS650
ポリエチレンワックス2:三井化学工業(株)製 ケミパールW950
シランカップリング剤:信越化学(株)製 KBE−403
このようにして得られた表1、2に示す鋼板No.1~22について、次に示す冷間プレス性、熱間プレス時の耐酸化性および熱間プレス後の塗装密着性の評価を行った。ここで、熱間プレスは、電気炉または直接通電により表1、2に示す加熱条件で加熱後、Al製金型で挟み込んで冷却速度50℃/sで冷却してシミュレートした。
冷間プレス性:図1に模式的に示した摩擦係数測定装置を用いて動摩擦係数を測定して、冷間プレス性を評価した。まず、作製されたままの鋼板から採取したサンプル1を、スライドテーブル3の上面に固定されている試料台2に設置する。スライドテーブル3は、その下方にあるスライドテーブル支持台5上面に設けられたローラ4により水平移動可能である。次に、上下移動可能なスライドテーブル支持台5を上方へ移動させることにより上方に設けられた図2に示す形状のビード6の下面にサンプル1を押し付ける。このとき、スライドテーブル支持台5に取り付けられている第一ロードセル7によりサンプル1への押し付け荷重Nを測定する。最後に、一定の押し付け荷重N(=400kgf)を作用させた状態でスライドテーブル3を移動速度100cm/minでレール9上を水平移動させ、スライドテーブル3の一方の端部に取り付けられている第二ロードセル8により摺動抵抗力Fを測定し、室温(25℃)での動摩擦係数μ=F/Nを求める。なお、潤滑油としてスギムラ化学工業(株)製のプレス用洗浄油プレトンR352Lをサンプル1の表面に塗布して試験を行った。算出したμを以下の基準で評価し、◎、○であれば、冷間プレス性に優れるとした。
◎:μ<0.1
○:0.1≦μ<0.15
△:0.15≦μ<0.2
×:0.2≦μ
耐酸化性:表1、2に示す加熱条件で加熱後、鋼板の重量を測定し、加熱前との重量変化を測定した。ここで、重量変化は、スケールやZnOの生成による重量増加と生成したZnOの飛散による重量減少の和であるが、その絶対値が小さいほど耐酸化性に優れるとし、以下の基準で評価し、◎、○であれば本発明の目的を満足しているとした。
◎:重量変化の絶対値≦3g/m2
○:3g/m2<重量変化の絶対値≦5g/m2
×:5g/m2<重量変化の絶対値
塗装密着性:熱処理後の鋼板からサンプルを採取し、日本パーカライジング(株)製PB−SX35を使用して標準条件で化成処理を施した後、関西ペイント(株)製電着塗料GT−10HTグレーを170℃×20分間の焼付け条件で膜厚20μm成膜して、塗装試験片を作製した。そして、作製した試験片の化成処理および電着塗装を施した面に対してカッターナイフで碁盤目(10×10個、1mm間隔)の鋼素地まで到達するカットを入れ、接着テープにより貼着・剥離する碁盤目テープ剥離試験を行った。以下の基準で評価し、◎、○であれば塗装密着性に優れるとした。
◎:剥離なし
○:1~10個の碁盤目で剥離
△:11~30個の碁盤目で剥離
×:31個以上の碁盤目で剥離
結果を表3に示す。本発明例では、冷間プレス性、熱間プレス時の耐酸化性に優れるとともに、熱間プレス後の塗装密着性にも優れていることがわかる。
B−1熱間プレス用鋼板
B−1−1)めっき層
本実施形態Bでは、めっき層のZnが下地鋼板に拡散することを抑制し、優れた穴あき耐食性を得るために、鋼板表面に60質量%以上のNiを含み、残部がZnおよび不可避的不純物からなるめっき層Iを設ける。めっき層IのNi量が60質量%未満では、めっき層のZnが下地鋼板に拡散することを十分に抑制できず、優れた穴あき耐食性が得られない。めっき層IのNi量は100質量%であることが好ましいが、100質量%未満の場合は、残部は犠牲防食効果を有するZnおよび不可避的不純物とする。また、めっき層Iの片面当たりの付着量は、0.01g/m2未満ではZnの下地鋼板への拡散を抑制する効果が十分に発揮されず、5g/m2を超えるとその効果が飽和し、コストアップを招くので、0.01~5g/m2とする。
優れた冷間プレス性を付与するために、本実施形態では、めっき層II上に固形潤滑剤を含む潤滑層を設ける。潤滑層を設けることにより、動摩擦係数が低下し、冷間プレス性の向上が図れる。
(1)ポリオレフィンワックス、パラフィンワックス:例えば、ポリエチレンワックス、合成パラフィン、天然パラフィン、マイクロワックス、塩素化炭化水素など
(2)フッ素樹脂:例えば、ポリフルオロエチレン樹脂(ポリ4フッ化エチレン樹脂など)、ポリフッ化ビニル樹脂、ポリフッ化ビニリデン樹脂など
(3)脂肪酸アミド系化合物:例えば、ステアリン酸アミド、パルミチン酸アミド、メチレンビスステアロアミド、エチレンビスステアロアミド、オレイン酸アミド、エシル酸アミド、アルキレンビス脂肪酸アミドなど
(4)金属石けん類:例えば、ステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸鉛、ラウリン酸カルシウム、パルミチン酸カルシウムなど
(5)金属硫化物:例えば、二硫化モリブデン、二硫化タングステンなど
(6)その他:グラファイト、フッ化黒鉛、窒化ホウ素、ホウ砂、ポリアルキレングリコール、アルカリ金属硫酸塩など
こうした固形潤滑剤の中でも、特に、ポリエチレンワックス、フッ素樹脂が好適である。ポリエチレンワックスとしては、例えば、クラリアントジャパン(株)製のセリダスト9615A、セリダスト3715、セリダスト3620、セリダスト3910(いずれも商品名)、三洋化成(株)製のサンワックス131−P、サンワックス161−P(いずれも商品名)、三井化学(株)製のケミパールW−100、ケミパールW−200、ケミパールW−500、ケミパールW−800、ケミパールW−950(いずれも商品名)などを用いることができる。また、フッ素樹脂としては、ポリ4フッ化エチレン樹脂が最も好ましく、例えば、ダイキン工業(株)製のルブロンL−2、ルブロンL−5(いずれも商品名)、三井・デュポン(株)製のMP1100、MP1200(いずれも商品名)、旭硝子(株)製のフルオンディスパージョンAD1、フルオンディスパージョンAD2、フルオンL141J、フルオンL150J、フルオンL170J(いずれも商品名)などが好適である。
めっき層IIと潤滑層との間には、さらに、Si含有化合物層、Ti含有化合物層、Al含有化合物層、Zr含有化合物層のうちから選ばれた少なくとも一種の化合物層を設けると優れた塗装密着性が得られる。こうした効果を得るには、化合物層の厚みを0.1μm以上にすることが好ましい。化合物層の厚みが3.0μm以下であれば化合物層が脆くなって塗装密着性の低下を招く場合がないので、3.0μm以下にすることが好ましい。より好ましくは0.4~2.0μmである。
980MPa以上の強度を有する熱間プレス部材を得るには、めっき層の下地鋼板として、例えば、質量%で、C:0.15~0.5%、Si:0.05~2.0%、Mn:0.5~3%、P:0.1%以下、S:0.05%以下、Al:0.1%以下、N:0.01%以下を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる成分組成を有する熱延鋼板や冷延鋼板を用いることができる。下地鋼板の各成分元素の限定理由は、上記実施形態Aにおける限定理由と同じであるため、説明を省略する。
上記した本発明の熱間プレス用鋼板を、冷間プレス後、Ac3変態点~1000℃の温度範囲に加熱し、熱間プレスすれば熱間プレス部材を製造できる。熱間プレス前にAc3変態点以上に加熱するのは、熱間プレス時の急冷でマルテンサイト相などの硬質相を形成し、部材の高強度化を図るためである。また、加熱温度の上限を1000℃としたのは、1000℃を超えるとめっき層表面において多量の酸化亜鉛が形成し、優れた穴あき耐食性が得られなくなるためである。なお、ここでいう加熱温度とは鋼板の最高到達温度のことをいう。
シリコーン樹脂:信越化学(株)製 KR−242A
ポリエチレンワックス1:クラリアントジャパン(株)製 セリダスト3620
フッ素樹脂:ポリ4フッ化エチレン樹脂 旭硝子(株)製 フルオンL170J
二硫化モリブデン:大東潤滑(株)製 LM−13
グラファイト:日立化成工業(株)製 GP−60S
窒化ホウ素:水島合金鉄(株)製 FS−1
ジエタノール変性エポキシ樹脂:関西ペイント(株)製 ER−007
ブロックイソシアネート:旭化成工業(株)製 デュラネートMF−K60X
エチレンアイオノマー:三井化学工業(株)製 ケミパールS650
ポリエチレンワックス2:三井化学工業(株)製 ケミパールW950
シランカップリング剤:信越化学(株)製 KBE−403
このようにして得られた表4、5に示す鋼板No.1~25について、次に示す冷間プレス性、熱間プレス後の穴あき耐食性および塗装密着性評価を行った。ここで、熱間プレスは、電気炉または直接通電により表4、5に示す加熱条件で加熱後、Al製金型で挟み込んで表1、2に示す冷却速度で冷却してシミュレートした。
冷間プレス性:図1に模式的に示した摩擦係数測定装置を用いて動摩擦係数を測定して、冷間プレス性を評価した。まず、作製されたままの鋼板から採取したサンプル1を、スライドテーブル3の上面に固定されている試料台2に設置する。スライドテーブル3は、その下方にあるスライドテーブル支持台5上面に設けられたローラ4により水平移動可能である。次に、上下移動可能なスライドテーブル支持台5を上方へ移動させることにより上方に設けられた図2に示す形状のビード6の下面にサンプル1を押し付ける。このとき、スライドテーブル支持台5に取り付けられている第一ロードセル7によりサンプル1への押し付け荷重Nを測定する。最後に、一定の押し付け荷重N(=400kgf)を作用させた状態でスライドテーブル3を移動速度100cm/minでレール9上を水平移動させ、スライドテーブル3の一方の端部に取り付けられている第二ロードセル8により摺動抵抗力Fを測定し、室温(25℃)での動摩擦係数μ=F/Nを求める。なお、潤滑油としてスギムラ化学工業(株)製のプレス用洗浄油プレトンR352Lをサンプル1の表面に塗布して試験を行った。算出したμを以下の基準で評価し、◎、○であれば、冷間プレス性に優れるとした。
◎:μ<0.1
○:0.1≦μ<0.15
△:0.15≦μ<0.2
×:0.2≦μ
穴あき耐食性:穴あき耐食性は化成処理皮膜や電着塗膜が付き回らない部位を想定した評価を行うため、熱処理後の鋼板からサンプルを採取し、サンプルの非評価面および端面をテープでシールした後、塩水噴霧(5質量%NaCl水溶液、35℃、2h)→乾燥(60℃、相対湿度20~30%、4h)→湿潤(50℃、相対湿度95%、2h)を1サイクルとする複合腐食試験を150サイクル実施し、試験後のサンプルの最大板厚減少値を測定し、以下の基準で評価し、◎、○、△であれば本発明の目的を満足しているとした。
◎:最大板厚減少値≦0.1mm
○:0.1mm<最大板厚減少値≦0.2mm
△:0.2mm<最大板厚減少値≦0.3mm
×:0.3mm<最大板厚減少値
塗装密着性:熱処理後の鋼板からサンプルを採取し、日本パーカライジング(株)製PB−SX35を使用して標準条件で化成処理を施した後、関西ペイント(株)製電着塗料GT−10HTグレーを170℃×20分間の焼付け条件で膜厚20μm成膜して、塗装試験片を作製した。そして、作製した試験片の化成処理および電着塗装を施した面に対してカッターナイフで碁盤目(10×10個、1mm間隔)の鋼素地まで到達するカットを入れ、接着テープにより貼着・剥離する碁盤目テープ剥離試験を行った。以下の基準で評価し、◎、○であれば塗装密着性に優れるとした。
◎:剥離なし
○:1~10個の碁盤目で剥離
△:11~30個の碁盤目で剥離
×:31個以上の碁盤目で剥離
結果を表6に示す。本発明例では、冷間プレス性、熱間プレス後の穴あき耐食性に優れるとともに、塗装密着性にも優れていることがわかる。
2 試料台
3 スライドテーブル
4 ローラ
5 スライドテーブル支持台
6 ビード
7 第一ロードセル
8 第二ロードセル
9 レール
Claims (15)
- 鋼板表面に、順に、10~25質量%のNiを含み、残部がZnおよび不可避的不純物からなり、付着量が10~90g/m2のめっき層と、固形潤滑剤を含む潤滑層とを有することを特徴とする熱間プレス用鋼板。
- めっき層と潤滑層との間に、さらに、Si含有化合物層、Ti含有化合物層、Al含有化合物層、Zr含有化合物層のうちから選ばれた少なくとも一種の化合物層を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱間プレス用鋼板。
- 鋼板表面に、順に、10~25質量%のNiを含み、残部がZnおよび不可避的不純物からなり、付着量が10~90g/m2のめっき層と、固形潤滑剤を含み、Si含有化合物層、Ti含有化合物層、Al含有化合物層、Zr含有化合物層のうちから選ばれた少なくとも一種の化合物層とを有することを特徴とする熱間プレス用鋼板。
- めっき層の下地鋼板が、質量%で、C:0.15~0.5%、Si:0.05~2.0%、Mn:0.5~3%、P:0.1%以下、S:0.05%以下、Al:0.1%以下、N:0.01%以下を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる成分組成を有することを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の熱間プレス用鋼板。
- めっき層の下地鋼板が、さらに、質量%で、Cr:0.01~1%、Ti:0.2%以下、B:0.0005~0.08%のうちから選ばれた少なくとも一種を含有することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の熱間プレス用鋼板。
- めっき層の下地鋼板が、さらに、質量%で、Sb:0.003~0.03%を含有することを特徴とする請求項4または5に記載の熱間プレス用鋼板。
- 請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の熱間プレス用鋼板を、冷間プレス後、Ac3変態点~1000℃の温度範囲に加熱後、熱間プレスすることを特徴とする熱間プレス部材の製造方法。
- 鋼板表面に、順に、60質量%以上のNiを含み、残部がZnおよび不可避的不純物からなり、付着量が0.01~5g/m2のめっき層Iと、10~25質量%のNiを含み、残部がZnおよび不可避的不純物からなり、付着量が10~90g/m2のめっき層IIと、固形潤滑剤を含む潤滑層とを有することを特徴とする熱間プレス用鋼板。
- めっき層IIと潤滑層との間に、さらに、Si含有化合物層、Ti含有化合物層、Al含有化合物層、Zr含有化合物層のうちから選ばれた少なくとも一種の化合物層を有することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の熱間プレス用鋼板。
- 鋼板表面に、順に、60質量%以上のNiを含み、残部がZnおよび不可避的不純物からなり、付着量が0.01~5g/m2のめっき層Iと、10~25質量%のNiを含み、残部がZnおよび不可避的不純物からなり、付着量が10~90g/m2のめっき層IIと、固形潤滑剤を含み、Si含有化合物層、Ti含有化合物層、Al含有化合物層、Zr含有化合物層のうちから選ばれた少なくとも一種の化合物層とを有することを特徴とする熱間プレス用鋼板。
- めっき層の下地鋼板が、質量%で、C:0.15~0.5%、Si:0.05~2.0%、Mn:0.5~3%、P:0.1%以下、S:0.05%以下、Al:0.1%以下、N:0.01%以下を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる成分組成を有することを特徴とする請求項8から10のいずれか一項に記載の熱間プレス用鋼板。
- めっき層の下地鋼板が、さらに、質量%で、Cr:0.01~1%、Ti:0.2%以下、B:0.0005~0.08%のうちから選ばれた少なくとも一種を含有することを特徴とする請求項11に記載の熱間プレス用鋼板。
- めっき層の下地鋼板が、さらに、質量%で、Sb:0.003~0.03%を含有することを特徴とする請求項11または12に記載の熱間プレス用鋼板。
- 請求項8から13のいずれか一項に記載の熱間プレス用鋼板を、冷間プレス後、Ac3変態点~1000℃の温度範囲に加熱し、熱間プレスすることを特徴とする熱間プレス部材の製造方法。
- Ac3変態点~1000℃の温度範囲に加熱するとき、100℃/s以上の平均昇温速度で加熱することを特徴とする請求項14に記載の熱間プレス部材の製造方法。
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