WO2012126384A1 - 一种悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器 - Google Patents

一种悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012126384A1
WO2012126384A1 PCT/CN2012/072815 CN2012072815W WO2012126384A1 WO 2012126384 A1 WO2012126384 A1 WO 2012126384A1 CN 2012072815 W CN2012072815 W CN 2012072815W WO 2012126384 A1 WO2012126384 A1 WO 2012126384A1
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Prior art keywords
cyclone
decomposition
furnace
high solid
external circulation
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PCT/CN2012/072815
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐德龙
陈延信
程福安
李辉
刘宁昌
王士军
酒少武
冯绍航
Original Assignee
西安建筑科技大学
陕西德龙水泥高新技术孵化有限公司
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Application filed by 西安建筑科技大学, 陕西德龙水泥高新技术孵化有限公司 filed Critical 西安建筑科技大学
Priority to EP12760114.4A priority Critical patent/EP2690074A4/en
Publication of WO2012126384A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012126384A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/36Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
    • C04B7/364Avoiding environmental pollution during cement-manufacturing
    • C04B7/365Avoiding environmental pollution during cement-manufacturing by extracting part of the material from the process flow and returning it into the process after a separate treatment, e.g. in a separate retention unit under specific conditions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/36Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
    • C04B7/43Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
    • C04B7/434Preheating with addition of fuel, e.g. calcining
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/008Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cement industrial kiln device, in particular to a suspension state external circulation type high solid-gas ratio decomposition reactor.
  • a cement industrial kiln device in particular to a suspension state external circulation type high solid-gas ratio decomposition reactor.
  • an on-line decomposition furnace is generally used at present, and the flue gas from the kiln tail is sprayed into the decomposition furnace from the bottom of the decomposition furnace, and the tertiary air introduced from the kiln head is introduced into the furnace from the lower cone section of the decomposition furnace.
  • the preheated raw material After the preheated raw material is dispersed, it enters the lower part of the decomposition furnace body through one or more points, and the fuel enters the furnace body by pneumatic conveying.
  • the decomposed raw materials are discharged from the decomposition furnace outlet along with the hot flue gas.
  • the conventional decomposition furnace prolongs the residence time of the material by means of the swirling form inside the main body of the decomposition furnace, but this method makes the material extension time limited.
  • a flame retardant fuel such as anthracite or petroleum coke having a relatively high ignition temperature
  • the limited residence time is limited. There will be fuel afterburning, and some of the unburned fuel will continue to burn in the lowermost cyclone, which will easily cause internal crusts and blockages such as the cyclone cone and the discharge pipe.
  • hot flue gas, hot air, material, pulverized coal, coal-feeding wind, etc. are rapidly mixed, heat-transferred, burned, and reacted in a limited space, which is liable to cause a knot at the bottom of the decomposition furnace due to sharp fluctuations in local temperature. The skin is clogged.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a suspended state external circulation type high solid-gas ratio decomposition reactor, which overcomes the defects of the existing cement raw material pyrolysis equipment.
  • the decomposition cycle of the material is realized, and the thermal stability, thermal efficiency and reaction rate of the system are improved.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
  • a suspended state external circulation type high solid-gas ratio decomposition reactor comprising:
  • the decomposition furnace 10 includes a furnace body 11, the lower portion of the furnace body 11 is provided with a feeding pipe 12, a coal injection pipe 13 and a hot air inlet port 15, the bottom end of the furnace body 11 has a flue gas inlet 14;
  • the cyclone separator 20 is connected to the top end of the decomposition furnace 10, and the dust-containing flue gas enters the cyclone separator 20 from the decomposition furnace 10, and the bottom outlet of the cone of the cyclone separator 20 is connected to the cyclone discharge pipe 23;
  • the cyclone cylinder 30 is in communication with the outlet of the cyclone separator 20, and the dust-containing flue gas spin-flow separator 20 is tangentially inserted into the cyclone cylinder 30 through the air inlet 35 of the cyclone cylinder.
  • the top end of the cyclone cylinder 30 is provided with an air outlet 31, and the bottom portion The outlet is connected to the cyclone discharge pipe 34,
  • the reactor circulates the material at the bottom outlet of the spinner cone through the cyclone discharge pipe 23 to the lower portion of the decomposition furnace 10 to realize selective external circulation of the material, and the fully reacted material in the decomposition furnace 10 enters.
  • the furnace body 11 is provided with a constriction 16, in particular, disposed at the middle of the rising portion of the furnace body 11.
  • a first discharge lock damper 22 is disposed in the cyclone discharge pipe 23, and a second discharge lock damper 33 is disposed in the cyclone discharge pipe 34.
  • the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator 20 is provided with a cyclone expansion chamber 21, and the cyclone expansion chamber 21 is in communication with the cyclone discharge tube 23; the bottom outlet of the cyclone cylinder 30 is provided with a cyclone expansion chamber 32.
  • the cyclone expansion chamber 32 is in communication with the cyclone discharge tube 34.
  • the feeding pipe 12 is one or two, distributed on one side or both sides of the lower part of the furnace body 11, and a material dispersing device is disposed at the lower end of the feeding pipe 12;
  • the coal injection pipe 13 is one or two, distributed in the furnace One or both sides of the lower part of the body 1 1 , the coal injection pipe 13 is a single channel or a plurality of channels;
  • the hot air inlet 15 is one or two, distributed on one side or both sides of the lower part of the furnace body 11, hot air
  • the air inlet mode of the air inlet 15 is a central air inlet or an eccentric air inlet or a tangential air inlet, and the air inlet rate is 15 to 35 m/sec; and the flue gas inlet 14 has a flue gas velocity of 20 to 45 m/sec.
  • the suspension state external circulation type high solid-gas ratio decomposition reactor adopts the material external circulation mode, and can return several times of the output material to the decomposition furnace without increasing the size of the decomposition furnace, so that the materials are more By passing through the pyrolysis furnace, the residence time of the cement raw meal in the decomposition furnace can be doubled, which not only greatly increases the decomposition rate of the cement raw meal, but also improves the thermal efficiency of the system;
  • the suspension state external circulation type high solid-gas ratio decomposition reactor of the invention avoids the state in which the finely divided raw material particles in the decomposition furnace system are repeatedly circulated in the system, and the change does not distinguish the circulating powder.
  • the material circulation amount is controlled by the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator, which substantially improves the space utilization rate of the decomposition furnace, greatly increases the heat capacity per unit volume of the decomposition furnace, reduces the furnace temperature fluctuation, and makes the system operation more stable. , the operation is simpler;
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In order to further explain the technical means and effects of the present invention in order to achieve the intended object, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
  • the present invention is a suspension-state external circulation type high solid-gas ratio decomposition reactor comprising: a decomposition furnace 10, the decomposition furnace 10 includes a furnace body 11, a lower portion of the furnace body 11 is provided with a feeding pipe 12, a coal injection pipe 13 and a hot air inlet port 15, and a bottom end of the furnace body 1 1 has a flue gas inlet 14
  • the cement raw meal powder in the decomposition furnace 10 is subjected to high temperature thermal decomposition reaction in a suspended state;
  • the cyclone separator 20 is in communication with the top end of the decomposition furnace 10, and the dust-containing flue gas enters the cyclone separator 20 tangentially from the decomposition furnace 10, and the bottom outlet of the cone of the cyclone separator 20 is connected to the cyclone discharge pipe 23, The reverse flow turbulence is prevented, and the first discharge lock valve 22 is disposed in the cyclone discharge pipe 23.
  • the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator is in the range of 10 to 40%, and the solid particles can be initially separated, and the cyclone separation is performed.
  • the device 20 carries the unburned pulverized coal, the undecomposed raw meal powder, the flue gas entering in the tangential direction, rotates in the cyclone separator, the pulverized coal continues to burn, the raw material continues to decompose, and the rotary motion prolongs the air flow,
  • the residence time of the material and the fuel in the high temperature region, and at the same time partially separate the powder particles in the dust-containing gas stream;
  • the separated material enters the discharge cone, passes through the first discharge lock valve 22, and the cyclone discharge tube 23 , circulating into the lower part of the main body of the decomposition furnace 10;
  • the decomposition furnace 10 and the cyclone separator 20 together form an external circulation system to realize the external circulation of the material;
  • the cyclone cylinder 30 is in communication with the outlet of the cyclone separator 20, and the dust-containing flue gas spin-flow separator 20 is tangentially entered into the cyclone cylinder 30 through the air inlet 35 of the cyclone, and the air inlet 35 is disposed on the side of the cyclone cylinder 30, and the cyclone
  • the top end of the cylinder 30 is provided with an air outlet 31, and the bottom outlet is connected to the cyclone discharge pipe 34.
  • the second discharge lock valve 33 is disposed in the cyclone discharge pipe 34, and the cyclone cylinder 30 has The higher separation efficiency is 080%), and has the function of separating the powder particles in the dust-containing gas stream.
  • the material after the gas-solid separation is discharged from the discharge port through the second discharge lock valve 33 and the cyclone discharge tube 34.
  • One unit continues to calcine; high temperature flue gas is discharged from the air outlet 31 for preheating the raw meal.
  • the furnace body 11 is divided into a discharge reaction zone 11 1 and a co-current reaction reaction zone 1 12 .
  • the coal injection pipe 13 is disposed below the discharge reaction zone 111 of the furnace body 11 , and the other end of the flue gas inlet 14 is The exit of the kiln tail chamber connecting the rotary kiln is connected.
  • the feeding pipe 12 is one or two, distributed on one side or both sides of the lower portion of the furnace body 11, and a material dispersing device is disposed inside the feeding pipe 12; one or two coal injection pipes 13 are distributed in the furnace body 11
  • One side or both sides of the lower vertebral body, 13 is a single channel or multiple channels
  • the hot air inlet 15 is one or two, distributed on one or both sides of the lower vertebral body of the furnace body 11, hot air inlet 15
  • the air inlet mode is central air inlet or eccentric air inlet or tangential air inlet, and the air inlet rate is 15 to 35 m/sec, in order to prevent reverse turbulence of the airflow;
  • the flue gas inlet velocity of the flue gas inlet 14 is 20 to 45 m / s.
  • the cyclone separator 20 can separate the incompletely decomposed particles, and sequentially pass through the first discharge lock valve 22 and the cyclone discharge pipe 23, return to the decomposition furnace 10, and continue to decompose together with the newly added raw material to form During the decomposition process outside the furnace, the completely decomposed material enters the cyclone 30 through the outlet of the cyclone separator.
  • the cyclone cylinder 30 is in communication with the outlet of the cyclone separator 20, and has a high (80%) separation efficiency. The finely divided fine particles are separated and then passed through the second air lock unloader 33 and the cyclone discharge tube 34.
  • an air outlet 31 is arranged on the upper part of the cyclone cylinder, and the flue gas generated by the decomposition of the cement raw material enters the preheating preheater system from the air outlet 31.
  • the suspension state decomposition furnace and the cyclone together constitute an external circulation type decomposition furnace.
  • the suspended state external circulation type high solid-gas ratio decomposition reactor of the present embodiment is further provided with a constriction 16 in the upper middle portion of the furnace body 11 of the decomposition furnace 10; the constriction 16 can reinforce the furnace The degree of backmixing of the material enhances the reaction process of the material in the furnace.
  • the rest of the structure is the same as in the first embodiment.
  • a cyclone expansion chamber 21 is disposed at the bottom of the cone of the cyclone separator 20 to prevent the material from being discharged at the discharge port. Blocked.
  • the outlet of the cyclone expansion chamber 21 is connected to the cyclone discharge pipe 23, and in order to prevent the reverse flow of the airflow, the first lock is provided at the upper portion of the cyclone discharge pipe 23 near the cyclone expansion chamber 21.
  • the wind unloader 22 is also provided with a cyclone expansion chamber 32 at the bottom of the above-mentioned cyclone cylinder 30, and the rest of the structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the above examples are not exhaustive of the present invention.
  • the decomposition furnace structure of the present invention can be in various forms, and the amount of circulation of the material of the present invention can be adjusted, and the flow rate of hot air of the present invention can also be adjusted.

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Description

一种悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种水泥工业窑用装置, 特别是涉及一种悬浮态外循环式高 固气比分解反应器。 背景技术 在水泥工业生产中, 目前普遍使用的是在线式分解炉, 来自窑尾的烟气 由分解炉底部喷入分解炉, 自窑头引入的三次风由分解炉下部锥体段入炉, 经过预热的生料分散后通过一点或多点进入分解炉体下部, 燃料则通过气力 输送的方式进入炉体。 经过分解炉内物料、 燃料的分散、 混合、 燃烧、 分解、 输送等一系列的作用后, 分解的生料随热烟气一道由分解炉出口排出。
一般常规分解炉通过分解炉主体内部的喷旋形式延长物料停留时间, 但 这种方式使物料延长的时间有限, 如果企业使用着火温度比较高的无烟煤或 石油焦等难燃燃料, 有限的停留时间会出现燃料后燃现象, 部分未能燃尽的 燃料会在最下级旋风筒内继续燃烧, 极易造成旋风筒锥体、 下料管等内部结 皮、 堵塞等事故。 另外在分解炉底部, 热烟气、 热空气、 物料、 煤粉、 送煤 风等在有限的空间内急剧混合、 传热、 燃烧、 反应, 容易因局部温度的急剧 波动造成分解炉底部的结皮堵塞。
如何在不增加分解炉容积的前提下, 延长物料在分解炉内的停留时间, 提高分解炉内的热稳定性, 提高分解炉内燃料的燃尽率, 保证入窑物料的表 观分解率是水泥制造企业亟待解决的技术问题。 发明内容 为了克服上述现有技术的不足, 本发明的目的在于提供一种悬浮态外循 环式高固气比分解反应器,克服了现有的水泥生料高温分解设备存在的缺陷, 实现了物料的分解炉外循环, 提高了***的热稳定性、 热效率和反应率。 为了实现上述目的, 本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器, 包括:
分解炉 10, 分解炉 10包括炉体 11, 炉体 11的下部设置有喂料管 12、 喷煤管 13和热空气进风口 15, 炉体 11的底端有烟气进风口 14;
旋流分离器 20, 与分解炉 10顶端连通, 含尘烟气自分解炉 10切向进入 旋流分离器 20,旋流分离器 20的锥体底部出口连接旋流器下料管 23;
旋风筒 30, 与旋流分离器 20的出口连通, 含尘烟气自旋流分离器 20, 经旋风筒进风口 35切向进入旋风筒 30, 旋风筒 30的顶端设置有出风口 31, 底部出口连接旋风筒下料管 34,,
该反应器通过旋流器下料管 23将自旋流器锥体底部出口的物料循环喂 入分解炉 10的下部, 实现物料的选择性外循环, 在分解炉 10内充分反应过 的物料进入旋风筒 30, 气固相分离后进入下道工序。
进一步地, 所述炉体 11上设置有缩口 16, 尤其是设置于炉体 11上升段 的中部。
所述旋流器下料管 23中设置有第一卸料锁风阀 22,旋风筒下料管 34中 设置有第二卸料锁风阀 33。
所述旋流分离器 20锥体底部出口设置有旋流器膨胀仓 21, 旋流器膨胀 仓 21与旋流器下料管 23连通;所述旋风筒 30的底部出口设置有旋风筒膨胀 仓 32, 旋风筒膨胀仓 32与旋风筒下料管 34连通。
所述喂料管 12为一个或者两个, 分布于炉体 11下部的一侧或者两侧, 喂料管 12下端设置物料分散装置; 所述喷煤管 13为一个或者两个, 分布于 炉体 1 1下部的一侧或者两侧, 喷煤管 13为单通道或者多通道; 所述热空气 进风口 15为一个或者两个, 分布于炉体 11下部的一侧或者两侧, 热空气进 风口 15的进风方式为中心进风或偏心进风或切向进风, 进风速率为 15〜35 米 /秒; 烟气进风口 14的进烟气速率为 20〜45米 /秒。
本发明与现有技术相比, 具有以下优点- 一) 本发明悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器, 采用物料炉外循 环方式, 在并不增大分解炉尺寸的情况下可使数倍于产量的物 料返回分解炉, 使物料多次通过高温分解炉, 可成倍延长水泥 生料在分解炉内的停留时间,不但极大提高水泥生料的分解率, 也提高了***的热效率;
二) 本发明悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器, 避免了分解炉系 统中较细的已分解的生料颗粒在***中多次循环的状态, 改变 对循环粉料不加区分, 任意分流的模式, 物料循环量由旋流分 离器的分离效率控制, 从本质上提高了分解炉的空间利用率, 使分解炉单位容积的热容量大大增加, 炉温波动减小, ***运 行更加稳定, 操作更加简单;
三) 本发明悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器, 因反应器内活性 氧化钙数量大幅提高,气固接触面积增大,可显著降低 S02、N0x 的排放量, 环保意义突出。
综上所述, 本发明具有诸多优点及实用价值, 其不论在产品结构或功能 上皆有较大的改进, 在技术上有显著的进步, 并产生了好用及实用的效果。 附图说明 图 1是本发明实施例一的结构示意图。
图 2是本发明实施例二的结构示意图。
图 3是本发明实施例三的结构示意图。 具体实施方式 为更进一步阐述本发明为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效, 下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明。
实施例一
如图 1所示,本发明是一种悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器,包括: 分解炉 10, 分解炉 10包括炉体 11, 炉体 11的下部设置有喂料管 12、 喷煤管 13和热空气进风口 15, 炉体 1 1的底端有烟气进风口 14, 在分解炉 10中水泥生料粉以悬浮态进行高温热分解反应;
旋流分离器 20, 与分解炉 10顶端连通, 含尘烟气自分解炉 10切向进入 旋流分离器 20,旋流分离器 20的锥体底部出口连接旋流器下料管 23,为防止 气流反向窜流, 旋流器下料管 23中设置有第一卸料锁风阀 22, 旋流分离器 的分离效率在 10〜40%范围内, 可初步分离固体颗粒, 旋流分离器 20携带未 燃尽煤粉、 未分解完全的生料粉, 以切线方向进入的烟气, 在旋流分离器内 旋转运动, 煤粉继续燃烧、 生料继续分解, 旋转运动延长了气流、 物料、 燃 料在高温区域的停留时间, 同时使含尘气流中的粉体颗粒部分分离; 分离下 来的物料进入卸料锥体, 通过第一卸料锁风阀 22、 旋流器下料管 23, 循环进 入分解炉 10的主体下部; 分解炉 10和旋流分离器 20—起构成外循环***, 实现物料的炉外循环;
旋风筒 30, 与旋流分离器 20的出口连通, 含尘烟气自旋流分离器 20, 经旋风筒进风口 35切向进入旋风筒 30,进风口 35设置在旋风筒 30的侧面, 旋风筒 30的顶端设置有出风口 31, 底部出口连接旋风筒下料管 34, 为防止 气流反向窜流, 旋风筒下料管 34中设置有第二卸料锁风阀 33, 旋风筒 30具 有较高的分离效率 080% ) , 具有分离含尘气流中粉体颗粒的功能, 气固分 离后的物料自排料口, 经第二卸料锁风阀 33、 旋风筒下料管 34进入下一单 元继续煅烧; 高温烟气从出风口 31排出后用于预热生料。
上述的炉体 11分为喷腾反应区 1 1 1及同流输送反应区 1 12, 喷煤管 13 设置在该炉体 11的喷腾反应区 111下方, 烟气进风口 14的另一端与连接回 转窑的窑尾烟室出口连通。
所述喂料管 12为一个或者两个, 分布于炉体 11下部的一侧或者两侧, 喂料管 12内部设置物料分散装置; 喷煤管 13为一个或者两个, 分布于炉体 11下部椎体的一侧或者两侧, 13为单通道或者多通道; 热空气进风口 15为 一个或者两个, 分布于炉体 11下部椎体的一侧或者两侧, 热空气进风口 15 的进风方式为中心进风或偏心进风或切向进风, 进风速率为 15〜35米 /秒, 为防止气流反向窜流; 所述烟气进风口 14的进烟气速率为 20〜45米 /秒。
旋流分离器 20可将未完全分解的颗粒分离出来,依次经第一卸料锁风阀 22、 旋流器下料管 23, 返回分解炉 10中与新加入的生料一起继续分解, 形 成分解炉外循环过程, 完全分解的物料则经旋流分离器的出口进入旋风筒 30。旋风筒 30与该旋流分离器 20出口连通, 具有较高( 80%)的分离效率, 将完全分解的较细颗粒分离后经第二锁风卸料器 33、 旋风筒下料管 34进入 下一工艺装置, 旋风筒上部设有出风口 31, 水泥生料分解所产生烟气由出风 口 31进入前续预热器***。 悬浮态分解炉和旋流器一起构成外循环式分解 炉。
实施例二
如图 2所示, 本实施例的悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器, 在分解 炉 10的炉体 11的中上部, 还设置有缩口 16 ; 该缩口 16可以加强炉内物料 的返混程度, 强化炉内物料的反应过程。 其余各部分结构与实施例一相同。
实施例三
如图 3所示, 本实施例的悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器, 在旋流 分离器 20锥体底部设置有旋流器膨胀仓 21,用于防止物料在出料口出堵塞。 旋流器膨胀仓 21的出口与旋流器下料管 23相连, 为防止气流反向窜流, 在 旋流器下料管 23的上部靠近旋流器膨胀仓 21的位置设有第一锁风卸料器 22 , 在上述旋风筒 30底部, 同样设置旋风筒膨胀仓 32, 其余各部分结构与 上实施例 1相同。
以上是实例并不是本发明的穷举, 本发明的分解炉结构可有多种形式, 本发明的物料外循环量可调, 同时本发明的热空气流入流量也可调。
以上所述, 仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非对本发明作任何形式上 的限制, 虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上, 然而并非用以限定本发明, 任何熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,当可利用上述 揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例,但凡是未脱 离本发明技术方案的内容, 依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何 简单修改、 等同变化与修饰, 均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器, 其特征在于, 包括 分解炉 (10) , 分解炉 (10) 包括炉体 (11) , 炉体 (11) 的下部设置 有喂料管 (12) 、 喷煤管 (13) 和热空气进风口 (15) , 炉体 (11) 的底端 有烟气进风口 (14) ;
旋流分离器 (20) , 与分解炉 (10) 顶端连通, 含尘烟气自分解炉(10) 切向进入旋流分离器(20),旋流分离器(20)的锥体底部出口连接旋流器下料 管 (23) ;
旋风筒 (30) , 与旋流分离器 (20) 的出口连通, 含尘烟气自旋流分离 器(20)经旋风筒进风口(35)切向进入旋风筒(30), 旋风筒 (30) 的顶端设置 有出风口 (31) , 底部出口连接旋风筒下料管 (34) ;
该反应器通过旋流器下料管 (23) 将自旋流器锥体底部出口的物料循环 喂入分解炉 (10) 的下部, 实现物料的选择性外循环, 在分解炉 (10) 内充 分反应过的物料进入旋风筒(30), 气固相分离后进入下道工序。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器,其特征 在于, 所述炉体 (11) 上设置有缩口 (16) 。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器,其特征 在于, 所述旋流器下料管 (23) 中设置有第一卸料锁风阀 (22) , 旋风筒下 料管 (34) 中设置有第二卸料锁风阀 (33) 。
4、根据权利要求 1所述的悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器,其特征 在于, 所述旋流分离器 (20) 锥体底部出口设置有旋流器膨胀仓 (21) , 旋 流器膨胀仓 (21) 与旋流器下料管 (23) 连通; 所述旋风筒 (30) 的底部出 口设置有旋风筒膨胀仓 (32) , 旋风筒膨胀仓 (32) 与旋风筒下料管 (34) 连通。
5、根据权利要求 1所述的悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器,其特征 在于, 所述喂料管 (12 ) 为一个或者两个, 分布于炉体 (11 ) 下部的一侧或者 两侧;
所述喷煤管 (13 ) 为一个或者两个, 分布于炉体 (11 ) 下部的一侧或者 两侧;
所述热空气进风口 (15 ) 为一个或者两个, 分布于炉体 (11 ) 下部的一 侧或者两侧。
6、根据权利要求 5所述的悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器,其特征 在于, 所述热空气进风口 (15 ) 的进风方式为中心进风或偏心进风或切向进 风。
7、根据权利要求 1、 5或 6所述的悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器, 其特征在于, 所述热空气进风口 (15 ) 的进风速率为 15〜35米 /秒。
8、根据权利要求 1所述的悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器,其特征 在于, 所述烟气进风口 (14) 的进烟气速率为 20〜45米 /秒。
9、根据权利要求 1至 6任一权利要求所述的悬浮态外循环式高固气比分 解反应器, 所述喂料管 (12 ) 下端设置物料分散装置。
10、 根据权利要求 1至 6所述的悬浮态外循环式高固气比分解反应器, 其特征在于, 所述喷煤管 (13 ) 为单通道或者多通道。
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