WO2012095126A1 - Beschichtung für metallische zellelement-werkstoffe einer elektrolysezelle - Google Patents
Beschichtung für metallische zellelement-werkstoffe einer elektrolysezelle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012095126A1 WO2012095126A1 PCT/EP2011/005965 EP2011005965W WO2012095126A1 WO 2012095126 A1 WO2012095126 A1 WO 2012095126A1 EP 2011005965 W EP2011005965 W EP 2011005965W WO 2012095126 A1 WO2012095126 A1 WO 2012095126A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metallic
- layer
- cell
- silver
- components
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
- C25B1/46—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in diaphragm cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
- C25B1/26—Chlorine; Compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
- C25B11/03—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cathode half shell, wherein the metallic components have a specific electrically conductive coating as characterized in the preamble of claim 1.
- oxide or hydroxide layers are hindering, for example, when pure nickel is used as an oxygen evolution electrode in the electrolysis. But even in systems in which nickel as a conductive fabric, expanded metal or sheet with catalytically active material such as carbon, platinum carbon, etc., comes in conjunction, the insulating layer has a negative effect. Thus, the oxide or hydroxide layers also prevent an optimal current flow in oxygen consumption, so that measures to improve or maintain the conductivity in technical electrolysis operation are required.
- EP 1 033 419 B1 or EP 1 092 789 A1 describe electrolysis cells for the chlor-alkali electrolysis with oxygen-consuming cathodes, in which nickel is used as a material for the metallic components on the cathode side. No information is given on the corrosion stability of the nickel in the form of the formation of non-conductive oxide or hydroxide compounds.
- EP 1 041 176 A1 describes a method for an electrolysis cell with gas diffusion electrode in order to minimize the ohmic losses in the power supply of the oxygen-consuming cathodes (referred to here as gas diffusion electrode) by the metallic components of the current distribution , This already describes a coating with excellent conductivity, which is metallic. Further information, in particular regarding the corrosion stability, is not given.
- EP 1 601 817 A1 describes an electrolytic cell which is commercially utilized and used for classical chlor-alkali electrolysis.
- US Pat. No. 7,670,472 B2 describes an electrolytic cell which describes a structural arrangement within the cathodic compartment in order to operate the electrolysis cell for chlorine-alkali electrolysis using oxygen-consuming cathodes.
- the design of the electrolytic cell described in EP 1 601 817 A1 was based on the technical characteristics of US 7 670 472 B2 changed so that the resulting electrolysis cell for the chlor-alkali electrolysis can be operated with oxygen consumption.
- the oxygen-consuming cathode used here was an electrode which consists of a nickel carrier network and a catalyst strip of silver oxide and PTFE rolled onto it, as described in principle in DE 37 10 168 A1.
- the power supply of the arranged in the cathode compartment oxygen-consuming cathode was realized in such a way that a parallel to the cathode rear wall arranged, lamellar support structure is used, which is electrically connected via vertically arranged webs by welded joints with the rear wall.
- an elastic spring element is attached, so that when screwing the cathode half-shell with the anode half-shell of the cell, a press connection with the carrier network of the oxygen-consuming cathode is generated, which ensures the electrical contact and a fine current distribution.
- Such spring elements are already described in various documents such as in EP 1 446 515 A2 and in particular EP 1 451 389 A2 and consist of various compressible layers of metal wires which, compressed in a sandwich-like manner, ensure the spring properties.
- a test series 1 two thus redesigned electrolytic cells with an active electrolytic area of 2.7m 2 with Flemion membranes F8020 at a current density of 4kA / m 2 , 88 ° C operating temperature, an NaCl anolyte concentration of 210 g / l, a NaOH 32% w / w catholyte run-off concentration and 20% stoichiometric excess with wet saturated oxygen.
- Fig. 1 shows the voltage curve of two electrolysis cells over the first 65 days of operation. Different symbols are used for the two electrolysis cells (closed diamonds and open triangles).
- the electrolysis cells showed a stable cell voltage in the first 30 days of operation. On the 30th day of operation, the two electrolysis cells were de-energized. After switching on again and reaching the current density of 4kA / m 2 , both cells showed an increased ohmic resistance in the form of a voltage loss of up to 100 mV. After a further 4 days of operation, the electrolysis cells were switched off again. After restarting and reaching a current density of 4kA / m 2 , the ohmic resistance had further increased, which resulted in a renewed voltage increase of another approx. 200mV. After a further 30 days of operation, the two electrolysis cells were switched off and the components were inspected.
- the diagram shows, similar to nickel in FIG. 2, a possible corrosion region in middle potential regions in which hydroxide compounds can be formed.
- Experiments with gold in strongly alkaline liquor show hardly any signs of dissolution. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a kinetic inhibition and gold can be regarded as a stable metal for the chlor-alkali electrolysis under oxidizing conditions.
- Fig. 4 shows that silver also has a small range of corrosion, however, in the acidic pH range. In alkaline and especially under oxidizing conditions, silver tends to undergo passivation by the formation of oxidizing species. Corrosion stability would thus be given to examine the issue of conductivity under the conditions of chlor-alkali electrolysis with oxygen-consuming cathodes.
- WO 01/57290 A1 "Electrolysis Cell provided with Gas Diffusion Electrodes” describes an electrolytic cell with a gas diffusion electrode, in which reference is made to the protective function of silver coatings under oxidizing conditions Openings made of silver, stainless steel or nickel, nickel should preferably be coated with silver.
- the nickel components of the electrolysis cells were galvanized silver. In this case, a layer thickness of about 10 ⁇ ⁇ was applied to the nickel.
- a test series 2 two electrolysis cells were tested in continuous operation analogous to test series 1. Both cells have an active electrolytic area of 2.7m 2 and are equipped with Flemion membranes F8020.
- the continuous current density was 4kA / m 2 , the operating temperature 88 ° C, the NaCl anolyte concentration 210 g / l, the NaOH catholyte effluent concentration of 32% w / w and the stoichiometric excess of wet saturated oxygen was again 20%.
- Fig. 5 shows the voltage curve over 80 days of operation. Different symbols are used for the two electrolysis cells (closed diamonds and open triangles).
- test series 2 again show a voltage increase. This time this took place continuously.
- the start-up and shut-down processes that repeatedly occurred during the operating time had no visible influence on the cell voltage, as was observed in test series 1 with reference to FIG.
- the cell elements were inspected after the 80 days of operation and analyzed the state of the metallic support structure and the metallic spring element.
- Cross-sections of silver-plated nickel wires of the spring element are shown by way of example in FIG. 6 on a scale of 100: 1.
- the micrograph clearly shows flaking of the silver in the lower wire sample, while the upper sample has a loosened silver layer and a decrease in layer thickness of about 50%.
- the present invention is therefore intended to solve the following objects:
- Electrolysis operation is reduced to silver and thereby one by a high
- Conductivity characterized uniform connection between the components of the oxygen-consuming cathode and the at least one spring element, wherein at least one of the metallic components is provided with an electrically conductive coating comprising at least two layers, wherein
- a first layer deposited directly on the cell element materials is selected from a group comprising Au, B doped nickel, Ni sulfides, and Contains mixtures thereof, wherein said first layer has a layer thickness of 0.005 to 0.2 ⁇ , and
- said second layer has a layer thickness of 0.1 to 30 ⁇ .
- the present invention also claims that all contained in the cathode half-shell cell element components that pass an electrical contact, are coated. Preferred are those
- FIG. 1 shows the voltage curve over the first 65 days of operation of an electrolytic cell using an electrode as described in DE 10 2004 034 886 A1.
- Fig. 2 Simplified stability diagram Ni-H 2 0 at 85 ° C against NHE
- Fig. 3 Simplified test stability diagram Au-H 2 0 at 85 ° C against NHE
- Fig. 4 Simplified test stability diagram Ag-H 2 0 at 85 ° C against NHE
- Electrolysis cell voltage of the test series 2 shown is the voltage curve over 80 days of operation of an electrolytic cell using metallic cell element components, which is provided with a 10 pm thick silver layer.
- Fig. 6 cross section of a silver plated nickel wire in the scale 100: 1 from test series 2
- Electrolysis cell voltage of the test series 3 shown is the voltage curve over 240 days of operation of an electrolytic cell using metallic cell element components, with a 0.15pm thin gold layer and a 25 ⁇ thick silver layer is coated.
- Fig. 8 Cross section in the scale 25: 1 of the silver-plated nickel wire with gold interlayer from test series 3
- FIG. 11 Basic arrangement of the metallic cell element components provided with the coating according to the invention in a cathode half shell.
- Nickel components first coated with a thin 0.15 ⁇ gold layer followed by a silver layer of 25 ⁇ .
- the thus prepared nickel components were used in newly manufactured chlor-alkali electrolysis cells with oxygen-consuming cathodes and subjected to an endurance test in test series 3.
- test series 3 two electrolysis cells were tested in continuous operation analogously to test series 2. Both cells have an active electrolytic area of 2.7m 2 and are equipped with Flemion membranes F8020.
- the continuous current density was 4 kA / m 2 , the operating temperature 88 ° C, the NaCl anolyte concentration 210 g / l, the NaOH catholyte effluent concentration of 32% w / w and stoichiometric excess of the wet saturated oxygen was again 20%.
- FIG. 7 shows the voltage curve in test series 3 over 240 operating days. Different symbols are used for the two electrolysis cells (closed diamonds and open triangles).
- test series 3 according to FIG. 7 show an initial slight increase in voltage, which is due to the properties of the oxygen-consuming cathode used. This is followed by a stable phase over more than 200 days of operation. A large number of startup and shutdown processes have no visible influence on the cell voltage.
- the 3 metallic components, the supporting structure, the spring element and the oxygen-consuming cathode, including the carrier network were inspected and the state verified via micrographs. This is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. A noticeable loosening of the layers or flaking was not observed.
- the nickel support structure is evenly electroplated silver, the surfaces are slightly roughened.
- FIG. 11 shows a basic arrangement of the metallic cell element components provided with the coating according to the invention.
- the basis is the cathode half-shell (1).
- Parallel to the narrow side wall metallic webs (2) are mounted, which are welded to both the rear wall and with the component power distributor (3).
- the component spring element (4) is pressed.
- the plane-parallel arranged oxygen-consuming cathode consists of a perforated metallic carrier or carrier network (5) and a rolled thereon catalyst strip (6), which enters the normal operation of the electrolytic cell with the metallic carrier (5) and the spring element (4), a compound characterized by a high conductivity and thus a low ohmic resistance.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20110793333 EP2663669B1 (de) | 2011-01-10 | 2011-11-29 | Beschichtung für metallische zellelement-werkstoffe einer elektrolysezelle |
JP2013547813A JP2014505793A (ja) | 2011-01-10 | 2011-11-29 | 電気分解セルの金属セル要素材料用のコーティング |
CA2824173A CA2824173A1 (en) | 2011-01-10 | 2011-11-29 | Coating for metallic cell element materials of an electrolysis cell |
KR1020137020506A KR20140034138A (ko) | 2011-01-10 | 2011-11-29 | 전기 분해 셀의 금속 셀 요소 재료용 코팅 |
CN201180063955.6A CN103492616A (zh) | 2011-01-10 | 2011-11-29 | 用于电解池的金属池元件材料的涂层 |
RU2013134646/04A RU2573558C2 (ru) | 2011-01-10 | 2011-11-29 | Покрытие для металлических материалов элементов ячейки электролитической ячейки |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011008163A DE102011008163A1 (de) | 2011-01-10 | 2011-01-10 | Beschichtung für metallische Zellelement-Werkstoffe einer Elektrolysezelle |
DE102011008163.1 | 2011-01-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012095126A1 true WO2012095126A1 (de) | 2012-07-19 |
Family
ID=45217479
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2011/005965 WO2012095126A1 (de) | 2011-01-10 | 2011-11-29 | Beschichtung für metallische zellelement-werkstoffe einer elektrolysezelle |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2663669B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2014505793A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20140034138A (de) |
CN (1) | CN103492616A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2824173A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102011008163A1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2573558C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2012095126A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103981533A (zh) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-13 | 李欣 | 一种电解臭氧发生器的阴极紧固弹簧压板结构 |
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DE3710168A1 (de) | 1987-03-27 | 1988-10-13 | Varta Batterie | Verfahren zur herstellung einer kunststoffgebundenen gasdiffusionselektrode mit metallischen elektrokatalysatoren |
EP1041176A1 (de) | 1998-10-13 | 2000-10-04 | Toagosei Co., Ltd. | Verfahren zur reduzierung der ladung in gasdiffusionselektroden und ladungsreduzierungsstruktur |
EP1092789A1 (de) | 1999-03-31 | 2001-04-18 | Toagosei Co., Ltd. | Elektrolytische zelle mit gasdiffusionselektrode und stromverteilungsverfahren für elektrolytische zelle |
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WO2001057290A1 (en) | 2000-02-02 | 2001-08-09 | Uhdenora Technologies S.R.L. | Electrolysis cell provided with gas diffusion electrodes |
EP1446515A2 (de) | 2001-11-12 | 2004-08-18 | UHDENORA TECHNOLOGIES S.r.l | Elektrochemische zelle mit gasdiffusionselektroden |
EP1451389A2 (de) | 2001-12-03 | 2004-09-01 | UHDENORA TECHNOLOGIES S.r.l | Elastischer stromkollektor |
EP1402587B1 (de) | 2001-06-23 | 2004-10-06 | Uhde GmbH | Verfahren zum herstellen von gasdiffusionselektroden |
EP1601817A1 (de) | 2002-10-23 | 2005-12-07 | UHDENORA TECHNOLOGIES S.r.l | Elektrolysezelle mit innenrinne |
EP1033419B1 (de) | 1998-08-25 | 2006-01-11 | Toagosei Co., Ltd. | Elektrolytische sodazelle mit gasdiffusionselektrode |
DE102004034886A1 (de) | 2004-07-19 | 2006-02-16 | Uhde Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nickeloxidoberflächen mit erhöhter Leitfähigkeit |
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2011
- 2011-01-10 DE DE102011008163A patent/DE102011008163A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-11-29 CA CA2824173A patent/CA2824173A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-11-29 CN CN201180063955.6A patent/CN103492616A/zh active Pending
- 2011-11-29 JP JP2013547813A patent/JP2014505793A/ja active Pending
- 2011-11-29 EP EP20110793333 patent/EP2663669B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-11-29 WO PCT/EP2011/005965 patent/WO2012095126A1/de active Application Filing
- 2011-11-29 KR KR1020137020506A patent/KR20140034138A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-11-29 RU RU2013134646/04A patent/RU2573558C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
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EP1882758A1 (de) * | 2005-05-17 | 2008-01-30 | Toagosei Co., Ltd. | Elektrolysezelle mit ionenaustauschmembran |
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MARCEL POURBAIX, ATLAS OF ELECTROCHEMICAL EQUILIBRIA IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS, 1974 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2013134646A (ru) | 2015-02-20 |
KR20140034138A (ko) | 2014-03-19 |
DE102011008163A1 (de) | 2012-07-12 |
EP2663669B1 (de) | 2015-04-29 |
EP2663669A1 (de) | 2013-11-20 |
CN103492616A (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
RU2573558C2 (ru) | 2016-01-20 |
JP2014505793A (ja) | 2014-03-06 |
CA2824173A1 (en) | 2012-07-19 |
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