WO2012091432A2 - Method and device for calculating state of health in secondary battery - Google Patents

Method and device for calculating state of health in secondary battery Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012091432A2
WO2012091432A2 PCT/KR2011/010192 KR2011010192W WO2012091432A2 WO 2012091432 A2 WO2012091432 A2 WO 2012091432A2 KR 2011010192 W KR2011010192 W KR 2011010192W WO 2012091432 A2 WO2012091432 A2 WO 2012091432A2
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Prior art keywords
secondary battery
battery
remaining life
calculating
charge
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PCT/KR2011/010192
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
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WO2012091432A3 (en
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조동호
김종우
서동관
김종돈
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한국과학기술원
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
    • G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
    • G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
    • G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3828—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC using current integration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • Batteries are indispensable for mobile devices such as mobile phones, and other systems that require minimal power and have residual power.
  • the application of secondary battery batteries has been diversified, and thus their use and scope of application are growing. Therefore, the field of developing a battery operating device capable of optimizing, managing and operating a battery has also made a great leap with the development of secondary batteries.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a battery management system (BMS) installed as a package in a battery device.
  • BMS battery management system
  • the main function is to manage a plurality of batteries constituting a pack, and includes battery state information, defect information, and values of respective physical parameters. Share and monitor to your users.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an example of logic for calculating a state of health (SOH) of a battery.
  • SOH state of health
  • the remaining life of the battery (SOH) is calculated using parameters such as internal resistance, residual capacity (SOC), and conductance of the battery. Calculated.
  • SOH state of health
  • SOC residual capacity
  • the battery remaining capacity (SOC) is measured (S30) to determine whether the battery remaining capacity (SOC) is 0% (S50). If the battery remaining capacity SOC is 0%, 1 is added to the number of charge / discharge cycles (S70). Subsequently, the battery remaining life (SOH) is calculated (S90). If the initial value is not set in step S10, the battery remaining capacity (SOC) state is input (S110) and the battery remaining capacity (SOC) is measured (S130) to determine whether the battery remaining capacity (SOC) is 0% (S150). )do. When the battery remaining capacity SOC is 0%, 1 is added to the number of charge and discharge cycles (S170).
  • step S150 if the battery remaining capacity (SOC) is not 0%, the state of the battery remaining capacity (SOC) is input (S210) and the remaining battery remaining capacity (SOC) is received. To calculate (S230). If the remaining battery SOC is 0% (S250), and if the remaining battery SOC is 0%, the charge amount is calculated (S270), and then the charge amount is 100% (S290). When the remaining battery SOC is not 0% in step S250 or when the charge amount is not 100% in step S290, step S130 is performed to measure the battery remaining capacity SOC. When the amount of charge in step S290 is 100%, steps S170 and S190 are performed to calculate the battery remaining life (SOH) after adding 1 to the number of charge and discharge cycles.
  • Rechargeable secondary batteries have a limited degree of use, which is called the remaining life of the battery (SOH).
  • SOH the remaining life of the battery
  • the remaining life of a battery varies depending on the physical properties of the battery and the environment in which it is used.
  • BMS battery management system
  • BMS battery management system
  • the present invention was devised to solve such a problem, and it is possible to accurately determine the remaining battery life of an incorrect battery by studying which battery parameters are used, which operations are performed, and how the data can be updated / maintained and monitored.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for calculating the remaining life of a secondary battery.
  • the method for calculating the remaining life of a secondary battery for achieving the above object, (a) calculating the amount of current of the secondary battery by accumulating charge and discharge current of the secondary battery; (b) checking the charge / discharge state of the secondary battery by performing charge / discharge or no load state inspection of the secondary battery; And (c) calculating the remaining life of the secondary battery using the current amount of the secondary battery calculated in the step (a) when the charging and discharging of the secondary battery is terminated in the step (b). .
  • the present invention it is possible to accurately calculate / derive the remaining life of the secondary battery based on the charge / discharge amount differently from the conventional method in accurately calculating / deriving the remaining life of the secondary battery.
  • BMS battery management system
  • BMS battery management system
  • SOH remaining life
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method for calculating battery remaining capacity (SOH) of a battery management system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the charging / discharging current amount is used among the parameters of the data obtained to improve the accuracy of the remaining life of the battery, which defines full charging and full discharging as one cycle of remaining life. This is due to the concept of Deep of Discharge (DOD).
  • DOD Deep of Discharge
  • a sensor for acquiring a charge / discharge current of the battery is turned on to obtain a charge / discharge current value ( S30).
  • the obtained data is A / D converted (S50) and decoded by the BMS controller (S70).
  • the current value takes an absolute value irrespective of charge / discharge and performs current integration S90 as a first-order operation. That is, battery charge / discharge current integration is used as a parameter for SOH calculation / derivation.
  • the battery management system checks whether the battery is being charged or discharged by performing two types of state checks based on the current value: charge / discharge or no load.
  • the battery management system BMS calculates the amount of current by continuously performing the first operation of step S90 when charging / discharging. However, when the charging / discharging ends in the no-load state, the first operation is stopped and the second operation for calculating the remaining life is performed (S130). That is, after checking whether the charge / discharge is finished, the second operation is performed to calculate the remaining life by the amount of current accumulated as an absolute value.
  • the remaining life is calculated by dividing the amount of charge / discharge current accumulated in Equation 2 by the sum of battery charge / discharge current capacities and subtracting from the total life cycle of the battery. That is, by dividing the accumulated charge / discharge current amount by the battery full charge / discharge amount and subtracting by the recently updated remaining life, the remaining life of the currently available battery can be known.
  • the user can manage the performance of the battery, so that it is possible to maintain and secure the optimum performance for battery use.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A method for calculating the state of health in a secondary battery comprises the following steps: (a) calculating the amount of current of the secondary battery by means of integrating charging/discharging currents of the secondary battery; (b) verifying the charging/discharging state of the secondary battery by inspecting the charging/discharging state or no-load state of the secondary battery; and (c) calculating the state of health in the secondary battery by using the amount of current in the secondary battery, which is calculated from step (a), when the charging/discharging of the secondary battery of step (b) is completed. According to the present invention, an accurate calculation/deduction of the state of health of the secondary battery is enabled based on charging/discharging amounts, unlike existing methods of accurately calculating/deducting the state of health of the secondary battery.

Description

2차 전지의 잔존수명 연산 방법 및 장치Method and device for calculating remaining life of secondary battery
본 발명은 2차 전지의 잔존수명 연산 방법 및 장치에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 전기에너지를 이용하여 차량을 구동하는 전기자동차 및 기타 전기에너지를 이용하여 구동하는 신재생 산업분야로써, 풍력발전기, 태양광 장치, 모바일 기기(휴대폰, 노트북, 무전기), 기타 2차 전지를 사용하여 동작하는 유/무선 기기와 산업기기 등의 장치에 적용할 수 있는 방전심도(DOD:Deep of Discharge) 기반 2차 전지의 잔존수명 연산 방법 및 장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for calculating the remaining life of a secondary battery, and more particularly, to a new renewable energy industry that uses electric vehicles and other electric energy to drive vehicles using electric energy, wind power generators, Deep of Discharge (DOD) -based secondary that can be applied to devices such as photovoltaic devices, mobile devices (phones, laptops, walkie-talkies), and other secondary batteries such as wired / wireless devices and industrial devices. A method and apparatus for calculating the remaining life of a battery.
배터리는 흔히 볼 수 있는 휴대폰과 같은 모바일 기기, 기타 최소한의 전원을 필요로 하고 잔여 전력을 구비해야 하는 시스템에 필수적으로 적용되어 있다. 최근 신재생 에너지 분야에서는 풍력, 파력, 태양광 시스템에도 안정된 전원 공급과 충전이 가능한 2차 전지 채택 및 활용이 급격화되고 있으며, 나아가 차세대 자동차 산업에도 중대형 2차 전지를 이용한 자동차의 기술혁신과 기술개선을 꾀하고 있다. 이러한 모든 산업 전반에 2차 전지 배터리의 응용이 다각화됨으로 더욱 쓰임새와 활용범위가 커지고 있다. 따라서 배터리를 최적화하여 관리하고 운용할 수 있는 배터리 운용장치를 개발하는 분야도 2차 전지의 기술발전과 함께 많은 기술 도약을 하게 되었다.Batteries are indispensable for mobile devices such as mobile phones, and other systems that require minimal power and have residual power. Recently, in the renewable energy field, the adoption and utilization of secondary batteries capable of supplying and recharging stable power to wind, wave power, and solar power systems are rapidly accelerating. Furthermore, the technological innovation and technology of automobiles using medium and large secondary batteries for the next generation automobile industry It is trying to improve. In all these industries, the application of secondary battery batteries has been diversified, and thus their use and scope of application are growing. Therefore, the field of developing a battery operating device capable of optimizing, managing and operating a battery has also made a great leap with the development of secondary batteries.
도 1은 배터리 장치에 팩키지로 설치되어 있는 배터리 관리 시스템(BMS)을 도시하였으며, 주요 기능은 팩을 구성하는 다수의 전지 관리를 위한 것으로, 전지 상태 정보는 물론, 결함정보, 각 물리적 파라미터의 값을 공유하고 사용자에게 모니터링한다. 도 2는 전지의 잔존수명(State of Health: SOH)을 산출하는 로직의 일예를 나타낸 것으로, 전지의 내부저항, 잔존용량(SOC), 컨덕턴스 등의 파라미터를 이용하여 전지의 잔존수명(SOH)을 산출하였다. 이러한 전지의 잔존수명 산출 로직을 간략히 설명하면 다음과 같다.FIG. 1 illustrates a battery management system (BMS) installed as a package in a battery device. The main function is to manage a plurality of batteries constituting a pack, and includes battery state information, defect information, and values of respective physical parameters. Share and monitor to your users. FIG. 2 illustrates an example of logic for calculating a state of health (SOH) of a battery. The remaining life of the battery (SOH) is calculated using parameters such as internal resistance, residual capacity (SOC), and conductance of the battery. Calculated. The remaining life calculation logic of such a battery is briefly described as follows.
초기값이 세팅(S10)되면 전지 잔존용량(SOC)을 측정(S30)하여 전지 잔존용량(SOC)이 0% 인지를 확인(S50)한다. 전지 잔존용량(SOC)이 0% 이면 충방전 횟수에 1을 더한다(S70). 이어서 전지 잔존수명(SOH)을 계산(S90)한다. 단계S10에서 초기값이 세팅되지 않은 경우에는 전지 잔존용량(SOC) 상태를 입력(S110)받아 전지 잔존용량(SOC)을 측정(S130)하여 전지 잔존용량(SOC)이 0% 인지를 확인(S150)한다. 전지 잔존용량(SOC)이 0% 이면 충방전 횟수에 1을 더한다(S170). 이어서 전지 잔존수명(SOH)을 계산(S190)한다. 전지 잔존용량(SOC)이 0% 인지를 확인하는 단계S150에서 전지 잔존용량(SOC)이 0% 가 아닌 경우에는 전지 잔존용량(SOC)의 상태를 입력(S210)받아 남은 전지 잔존용량(SOC)을 계산(S230)한다. 남은 전지 잔존용량(SOC)이 0% 인지를 확인(S250)하여 남은 전지 잔존용량(SOC)이 0% 이면 충전량을 계산(S270)하고, 이어서 충전량이 100% 인지를 확인(S290)한다. 단계S250에서 남은 전지 잔존용량(SOC)이 0% 가 아닌 경우 또는 단계S290에서 충전량이 100% 가 아닌 경우에는 전지 잔존용량(SOC)을 측정하는 단계S130을 수행한다. 단계S290에서 충전량이 100% 인 경우에는 충방전 횟수에 1을 더한 후 전지 잔존수명(SOH)을 계산하는 단계S170 및 단계S190을 수행한다.When the initial value is set (S10), the battery remaining capacity (SOC) is measured (S30) to determine whether the battery remaining capacity (SOC) is 0% (S50). If the battery remaining capacity SOC is 0%, 1 is added to the number of charge / discharge cycles (S70). Subsequently, the battery remaining life (SOH) is calculated (S90). If the initial value is not set in step S10, the battery remaining capacity (SOC) state is input (S110) and the battery remaining capacity (SOC) is measured (S130) to determine whether the battery remaining capacity (SOC) is 0% (S150). )do. When the battery remaining capacity SOC is 0%, 1 is added to the number of charge and discharge cycles (S170). Subsequently, the battery remaining life (SOH) is calculated (S190). Checking whether the battery remaining capacity (SOC) is 0% In step S150, if the battery remaining capacity (SOC) is not 0%, the state of the battery remaining capacity (SOC) is input (S210) and the remaining battery remaining capacity (SOC) is received. To calculate (S230). If the remaining battery SOC is 0% (S250), and if the remaining battery SOC is 0%, the charge amount is calculated (S270), and then the charge amount is 100% (S290). When the remaining battery SOC is not 0% in step S250 or when the charge amount is not 100% in step S290, step S130 is performed to measure the battery remaining capacity SOC. When the amount of charge in step S290 is 100%, steps S170 and S190 are performed to calculate the battery remaining life (SOH) after adding 1 to the number of charge and discharge cycles.
충전이 가능한 2차 전지는 그 사용의 정도에 제한이 있으며, 이를 전지의 잔존수명(SOH)라 한다. 전지의 잔존수명은 전지의 물성, 사용 환경에 따라 정도가 다르고 특성이 제각기 달라진다. 이러한 전지의 잔존수명은 배터리 관리 시스템(BMS) 로직 완성도를 결정짓는 매우 중요한 사용자의 파라미터가 되었다. 그러나 전지의 수명 상태를 인지하는 척도가 되는 잔존수명을 정확히 그리고 명확히 예측하는 것은 쉽지 않다는 문제점이 있었다.Rechargeable secondary batteries have a limited degree of use, which is called the remaining life of the battery (SOH). The remaining life of a battery varies depending on the physical properties of the battery and the environment in which it is used. The remaining life of these cells has become a very important user parameter that determines the battery management system (BMS) logic completeness. However, there is a problem that it is not easy to accurately and clearly predict the remaining life which is a measure of the life state of the battery.
본 발명은 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 창안된 것으로서, 어떠한 전지의 파라미터를 이용하고 어떤 연산을 수행하며, 어떻게 해당 데이터를 갱신/유지하고 모니터링 할 수 있는지를 연구함으로써 부정확한 전지의 잔존수명을 정확히 예측할 수 있도록 한 2차 전지의 잔존수명 연산 방법 및 장치를 제공함을 목적으로 한다.The present invention was devised to solve such a problem, and it is possible to accurately determine the remaining battery life of an incorrect battery by studying which battery parameters are used, which operations are performed, and how the data can be updated / maintained and monitored. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for calculating the remaining life of a secondary battery.
상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 2차 전지의 잔존수명 연산 방법의 일 측면에 따르면, (a) 2차 전지의 충방전 전류 적산에 의해 상기 2차 전지의 전류량을 연산하는 단계; (b) 상기 2차 전지의 충방전 또는 무부하 상태 검사를 수행하여 상기 2차 전지의 충방전 상태를 확인하는 단계; 및 (c) 상기 단계(b)에서 상기 2차 전지의 충방전이 종료되면 상기 단계(a)에서 연산된 상기 2차 전지의 전류량를 이용하여 상기 2차 전지의 잔존수명을 연산하는 단계를 포함한다.According to one aspect of the method for calculating the remaining life of a secondary battery according to the present invention for achieving the above object, (a) calculating the amount of current of the secondary battery by accumulating charge and discharge current of the secondary battery; (b) checking the charge / discharge state of the secondary battery by performing charge / discharge or no load state inspection of the secondary battery; And (c) calculating the remaining life of the secondary battery using the current amount of the secondary battery calculated in the step (a) when the charging and discharging of the secondary battery is terminated in the step (b). .
본 발명에 의하면, 2차 전지의 잔존수명을 정확히 연산/도출하는데 있어 기존 방법과 다르게 충/방전량 기반으로 2차 전지의 잔존수명을 정확히 연산/도출이 가능하다.According to the present invention, it is possible to accurately calculate / derive the remaining life of the secondary battery based on the charge / discharge amount differently from the conventional method in accurately calculating / deriving the remaining life of the secondary battery.
또한, 2차 전지의 잔존수명을 정확하게 산출함으로써 전지와 기구구조의 설계 및 완성도 부분의 평가가 가능하고 2차 전지 및 응용 시스템의 유지 및 보수 측면에서 매우 유용하게 사용될 수 있다.In addition, by accurately calculating the remaining life of the secondary battery, it is possible to evaluate the design and completeness of the battery and the mechanism structure, and it can be very useful in terms of maintenance and repair of the secondary battery and the application system.
또한, 전지의 잔존용량과 함께 잔존수명의 정확성은 해당 배터리 관리 시스템(BMS) 로직의 핵심으로 배터리 관리 시스템의 전체 로직 완성도 및 기술력을 향상시킬 수 있다.In addition, the remaining life accuracy along with the battery's remaining capacity is at the heart of the battery management system (BMS) logic to improve the overall logic completeness and technology of the battery management system.
또한, 상용화 배터리 관리 시스템 로직 기술을 선점하고 세계 배터리 관리 시스템 시장에서 경쟁력 향상을 극대화 할 수 있으며, 전지의 잔존수명(SOH) 로직 표준화를 꾀하는데 많은 도움이 될 수 있다.In addition, it can preempt commercialization battery management system logic technology, maximize competitiveness in the global battery management system market, and help a lot in standardizing the battery life remaining (SOH) logic.
도 1은 배터리 장치에 팩키지로 설치되어 있는 배터리 관리 시스템(BMS)을 나타내는 도면.1 illustrates a battery management system (BMS) installed as a package in a battery device.
도 2는 전지의 잔존수명(SOH)을 산출하는 로직의 일예를 나타내는 도면.2 is a diagram illustrating an example of logic for calculating a remaining life (SOH) of a battery.
도 3은 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 배터리 관리 시스템의 전지 잔존용량(SOH) 연산 방법을 나타내는 도면.3 is a diagram illustrating a method for calculating battery remaining capacity (SOH) of a battery management system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
이하 첨부된 도면을 참조로 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 상세히 설명하기로 한다. 이에 앞서, 본 명세서 및 청구범위에 사용된 용어나 단어는 통상적이거나 사전적인 의미로 한정해서 해석되어서는 아니되며, 발명자는 그 자신의 발명을 가장 최선의 방법으로 설명하기 위해 용어의 개념을 적절하게 정의할 수 있다는 원칙에 입각하여 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 부합하는 의미와 개념으로 해석되어야만 한다. 따라서, 본 명세서에 기재된 실시예와 도면에 도시된 구성은 본 발명의 가장 바람직한 일 실시예에 불과할 뿐이고 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 모두 대변하는 것은 아니므로, 본 출원시점에 있어서 이들을 대체할 수 있는 다양한 균등물과 변형예들이 있을 수 있음을 이해하여야 한다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms or words used in the specification and claims should not be construed as having a conventional or dictionary meaning, and the inventors should properly explain the concept of terms in order to best explain their own invention. Based on the principle that can be defined, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments described in the specification and the drawings shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiment of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical idea of the present invention, various modifications that can be replaced at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be equivalents and variations.
도 3은 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 배터리 관리 시스템의 전지 잔존용량(SOH) 연산 방법을 나타내는 도면이다.3 is a diagram illustrating a method of calculating battery remaining capacity (SOH) of a battery management system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
본 발명에서는 전지의 잔존 수명 정확성 향상을 위해 획득되는 데이터의 파라미터 중 충/방전 전류량을 사용하였으며, 이는 풀 충전(full charging), 풀 방전(full discharging)을 잔존 수명 1 사이클(cycle)로 정의하는 방전심도(DOD: Deep of Discharge) 개념에 기인한다.In the present invention, the charging / discharging current amount is used among the parameters of the data obtained to improve the accuracy of the remaining life of the battery, which defines full charging and full discharging as one cycle of remaining life. This is due to the concept of Deep of Discharge (DOD).
도 3에 도시된 바와 같이, 배터리 관리 시스템(BMS)에 구동 전원이 인가(S10)되어 활성화되면 전지의 충/방전 전류를 획득하는 센서(Shunt 또는 CT)가 켜져 충/방전 전류값이 획득(S30)된다. 획득된 데이터는 A/D 변환(S50)되어 BMS 제어기에서 디코딩(S70)된다.As shown in FIG. 3, when driving power is applied to the battery management system BMS (S10) and activated, a sensor (Shunt or CT) for acquiring a charge / discharge current of the battery is turned on to obtain a charge / discharge current value ( S30). The obtained data is A / D converted (S50) and decoded by the BMS controller (S70).
해당 값은 하기의 수학식 1에서와 같이 전류량은 충/방전에 관계없이 절대값을 취하여 1차 연산인 전류 적산(S90)을 수행한다. 즉, 잔존 수명(SOH) 연산/도출을 위한 파라미터로 배터리 충/방전 전류 적산이 사용된다.As shown in Equation 1 below, the current value takes an absolute value irrespective of charge / discharge and performs current integration S90 as a first-order operation. That is, battery charge / discharge current integration is used as a parameter for SOH calculation / derivation.
<수학식 1><Equation 1>
Figure PCTKR2011010192-appb-I000001
Figure PCTKR2011010192-appb-I000001
1차 연산 수행과 동시에 배터리 관리 시스템(BMS)은 전류값을 기반으로 충/방전 또는 무부하 2가지의 상태 검사를 수행하여 충/방전 중인지를 확인(S110)한다.At the same time as performing the first operation, the battery management system (BMS) checks whether the battery is being charged or discharged by performing two types of state checks based on the current value: charge / discharge or no load.
배터리 관리 시스템(BMS)은 충/방전 중이면 연속하여 단계S90의 1차 연산을 수행함으로 전류량을 산출한다. 그러나, 무부하 상태가 되어 충/방전이 종료되면 1차 연산을 중지하고 잔존 수명을 산출하기 위한 2차 연산을 수행(S130)한다. 즉, 충/방전 종료 여부를 검사하고 종료되면 절대값으로 적산된 전류량에 의해 잔존 수명을 산출하기 위한 2차 연산이 수행된다.The battery management system BMS calculates the amount of current by continuously performing the first operation of step S90 when charging / discharging. However, when the charging / discharging ends in the no-load state, the first operation is stopped and the second operation for calculating the remaining life is performed (S130). That is, after checking whether the charge / discharge is finished, the second operation is performed to calculate the remaining life by the amount of current accumulated as an absolute value.
<수학식 2><Equation 2>
Figure PCTKR2011010192-appb-I000002
Figure PCTKR2011010192-appb-I000002
상기 수학식 2에서 적산된 충/방전 전류량을 배터리 충/방전 전류용량 합으로 나누고 배터리의 총 수명 사이클에서 빼주면 잔존수명이 연산된다. 즉, 적산된 충/방전 전류량을 배터리 풀충전/풀방전량으로 나누고 최근 업데이트된 잔존수명으로 빼주면 현재의 가용할 수 있는 전지의 잔존 수명을 알 수 있게 된다.The remaining life is calculated by dividing the amount of charge / discharge current accumulated in Equation 2 by the sum of battery charge / discharge current capacities and subtracting from the total life cycle of the battery. That is, by dividing the accumulated charge / discharge current amount by the battery full charge / discharge amount and subtracting by the recently updated remaining life, the remaining life of the currently available battery can be known.
단계S130에서 연산이 완료되어 갱신된 배터리의 잔존수명 데이터는 ROM(Read Only Memory) 또는 플래쉬 롬(Flash RAM) 등의 BMS 메모리에 저장(S150)된다. 이와 같이 저장된 배터리의 잔존수명 데이터는 배터리 관리 시스템(BMS)의 온/오프(On/Off)에 관계없이 항상 참조해야 하는 파라미터로서 배터리 관리 시스템(BMS)이 오프(Off)되어도 데이터가 저장되며, 배터리 관리 시스템(BMS)이 활성화(On)되었을 때 갱신된 잔존수명 데이터는 로딩(loading)되어 연산시 가용할 수 있는 최종 잔존수명의 파라미터에 반영된다. 즉, 잔존수명 데이터는 배터리 관리 시스템(BMS)의 메모리에 액세스(access)하여 반영구적으로 확보된다.In operation S130, the remaining life data of the battery, which has been completed and updated, is stored in a BMS memory such as a read only memory (ROM) or a flash ROM (S150). The remaining life data of the battery stored as described above is a parameter that should always be referred to regardless of On / Off of the battery management system (BMS), and the data is stored even when the battery management system (BMS) is turned off. When the battery management system (BMS) is activated (On), the updated remaining life data is loaded and reflected in the parameter of the last remaining life available in the calculation. That is, the remaining life data is secured semi-permanently by accessing the memory of the battery management system BMS.
최종적으로 해당 값을 모니터링(S170)함으로 사용자가 전지의 성능을 관리할 수 있게 됨으로써 전지 사용에 최적 성능을 유지/확보하며 운영할 수 있게 된다.Finally, by monitoring the value (S170), the user can manage the performance of the battery, so that it is possible to maintain and secure the optimum performance for battery use.
상기 로직은 배터리 관리 시스템(BMS)이 활성화(On) 상태일 때 잔존수명 산출 로직을 무한 루프(loop)로 반복한다.The logic repeats the remaining life calculation logic in an infinite loop when the battery management system (BMS) is in an ON state.
이상과 같이, 본 발명은 비록 한정된 실시예와 도면에 의해 설명되었으나, 본 발명은 이것에 의해 한정되지 않으며 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에 의해 본 발명의 기술사상과 아래에 기재될 특허청구범위의 균등범위 내에서 다양한 수정 및 변형이 가능함은 물론이다.As described above, although the present invention has been described by way of limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto and is intended by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Of course, various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of equivalents of the claims to be described.

Claims (7)

  1. 2차 전지 잔존수명 연산 방법으로서,As a secondary battery remaining life calculation method,
    (a) 2차 전지의 충방전 전류 적산에 의해 상기 2차 전지의 전류량을 연산하는 단계;calculating a current amount of the secondary battery by accumulating charge and discharge currents of the secondary battery;
    (b) 상기 2차 전지의 충방전 또는 무부하 상태 검사를 수행하여 상기 2차 전지의 충방전 상태를 확인하는 단계; 및(b) checking the charge / discharge state of the secondary battery by performing charge / discharge or no load state inspection of the secondary battery; And
    (c) 상기 단계(b)에서 상기 2차 전지의 충방전이 종료되면 상기 단계(a)에서 연산된 상기 2차 전지의 전류량를 이용하여 상기 2차 전지의 잔존수명을 연산하는 단계를 포함하는 2차 전지 잔존수명 연산 방법.(c) calculating the remaining life of the secondary battery using the current amount of the secondary battery calculated in the step (a) when the charging and discharging of the secondary battery is terminated in the step (b). Vehicle battery life expectancy calculation method.
  2. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    (d) 상기 단계(c)에서 연산된 상기 2차 전지의 잔존수명 데이터를 메모리에 저장하는 단계; 및(d) storing the remaining life data of the secondary battery calculated in step (c) in a memory; And
    (e) 상기 단계(d)에서 상기 메모리에 저장된 잔존수명 데이터를 모니터링하여 상기 2차 전지의 성능을 관리하는 단계를 더 포함하는 2차 전지 잔존수명 연산 방법.and (e) monitoring the remaining life data stored in the memory in step (d) to manage the performance of the secondary battery.
  3. 청구항 2에 있어서,The method according to claim 2,
    상기 단계(d)에서, 상기 2차 전지의 잔존수명 데이터가 저장되는 메모리는 롬 또는 플래쉬 롬인In the step (d), the memory in which the remaining life data of the secondary battery is stored is a ROM or a flash ROM.
    것을 특징으로 하는 2차 전지 잔존수명 연산 방법.A secondary battery remaining life calculation method, characterized in that.
  4. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 단계(a)에서, 상기 2차 전지의 전류량은In the step (a), the current amount of the secondary battery
    Figure PCTKR2011010192-appb-I000003
    Figure PCTKR2011010192-appb-I000003
    에 의한 전류 적산에 의해 연산되는Computed by current integration by
    것을 특징으로 하는 2차 전지 잔존수명 연산 방법.A secondary battery remaining life calculation method, characterized in that.
  5. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 단계(c)에서, 상기 2차 전지의 잔존수명은In the step (c), the remaining life of the secondary battery is
    Figure PCTKR2011010192-appb-I000004
    Figure PCTKR2011010192-appb-I000004
    에 의해 연산되는Computed by
    것을 특징으로 하는 2차 전지 잔존수명 연산 방법.A secondary battery remaining life calculation method, characterized in that.
  6. 청구항 5에 있어서,The method according to claim 5,
    상기 2차 전지의 잔존수명은 절대값으로 적산된 상기 2차 전지의 전류량을 상기 2차 전지의 충방전 전류용량의 합으로 나누어 상기 2차 전지의 총 수명 사이클에서 뺀The remaining life of the secondary battery is obtained by subtracting the current amount of the secondary battery accumulated in absolute value by the sum of the charge and discharge current capacities of the secondary battery and subtracting the total life cycle of the secondary battery.
    것을 특징으로 하는 2차 전지 잔존수명 연산 방법.A secondary battery remaining life calculation method, characterized in that.
  7. 청구항 1의 방법에 의해 전지의 잔존수명을 연산하는 2차 전지 잔존수명 연산 장치.A secondary battery remaining life calculating device for calculating the remaining life of a battery by the method of claim 1.
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