WO2012059968A1 - Soil improvement device - Google Patents

Soil improvement device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012059968A1
WO2012059968A1 PCT/JP2010/069433 JP2010069433W WO2012059968A1 WO 2012059968 A1 WO2012059968 A1 WO 2012059968A1 JP 2010069433 W JP2010069433 W JP 2010069433W WO 2012059968 A1 WO2012059968 A1 WO 2012059968A1
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Prior art keywords
nozzle
pipe
soil
soil improvement
outer diameter
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PCT/JP2010/069433
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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泉 徳江
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株式会社マグハウス
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Priority to AU2010363437A priority Critical patent/AU2010363437B2/en
Priority to KR1020137011204A priority patent/KR101516674B1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2010/069433 priority patent/WO2012059968A1/en
Publication of WO2012059968A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012059968A1/en

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B1/00Hand tools
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B35/00Other machines for working soil not specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/02Hand tools for making holes for sowing, planting or manuring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a soil improvement device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a soil improvement device that can improve the air permeability and water permeability of soil in which trees such as garden trees and street trees are planted.
  • one or more grooves 4 are engraved in the length direction of the mountain-shaped bulged portion of the embodiment shown in FIG. By forming such a groove, it is possible to further reduce the resistance when inserting the nozzle into the soil.
  • the pipe connected to the compressed air supply device is not particularly limited as long as it has a substantially straight shape (straight shape), can withstand high pressure from the inside, and can be rubbed from the outside.
  • a material having a strength capable of withstanding an impact is used.
  • the length or outer diameter can be appropriately set depending on the condition of the soil to be improved. For example, a length of 90 to 160 cm and an outer diameter of about 6 to 10 mm is used.
  • the pipe behind the nozzle can be provided with a cover for preventing the scattering of the soil that is scattered when compressed air is jetted and preventing the scattered soil from being ejected.
  • a cover for preventing the scattering of the soil that is scattered when compressed air is jetted and preventing the scattered soil from being ejected.
  • a cap-shaped cover extending in the nozzle direction
  • a hook-shaped cover having a flange toward the tip of the pipe and preferably a hook-shaped cover are used.

Abstract

Disclosed is a soil improvement device which has a nozzle provided with a blow hole of compressed air on a pipe tip part connected to a compressed air supply device and ejects the compressed air through the blow hole to excavate soil in the form of a hole, and is characterized by employing the nozzle so configured that the maximum outer diameter of a nozzle outer peripheral part bulges out compared to the pipe outer diameter such that (the area of a circle calculated by employing the nozzle maximum outer diameter as a diameter - the area calculated by employing the pipe outer diameter)/ the area of the nozzle blow hole is at least 5, and positioned on substantially the same line as a substantially linear pipe directed to the excavation direction.

Description

土壌改良器具Soil improvement equipment
 本発明は、土壌改良器具に関する。さらに詳しくは、庭木、街路樹などの樹木が植栽されている土壌の通気性、通水性を改良することを可能とする土壌改良器具に関する。 The present invention relates to a soil improvement device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a soil improvement device that can improve the air permeability and water permeability of soil in which trees such as garden trees and street trees are planted.
 庭木、街路樹などの樹木の根元に位置する土壌は、踏み固められたり、樹木の生育による根の生長などにより、経年的に土壌の通気性、通水性が悪化するようになる。土壌の通気性、通水性の悪化は、植物根への酸素あるいは水分の供給が不足するようになるため、樹木の生育にも悪影響を及ぼすこととなる。 Soil located at the root of trees such as garden trees and roadside trees is deteriorated over time due to the fact that the soil is stepped and the roots grow due to the growth of the trees. The deterioration of soil air permeability and water permeability will have an adverse effect on the growth of trees because the supply of oxygen or moisture to the plant roots becomes insufficient.
 かかる状態を解消するためには、樹木の根元に位置する土壌を掘りかえすことが考えられる。しかしながら、スコップなど先の鋭い硬質の器具を用いて、土壌に突き刺しながら掘削する場合には、器具が植物の根に触れて根に傷害を与えることがあり、また街路樹の土壌改良作業に際しては、その根元に配置されているガス、電気、上下水等の各種配管などの土壌埋設物を破損する可能性が高い。 In order to eliminate this state, it is conceivable to dig up the soil located at the root of the tree. However, when drilling while piercing the soil using a sharp, hard instrument such as a scoop, the instrument may touch the root of the plant and damage the root. There is a high possibility of damaging soil-embedded objects such as gas, electricity, and various pipes for water and sewage disposed at the base.
 現在は、特許文献1に記載されている如き空気式土砂処理装置、具体的には先端部に噴射ノズルを有し、噴射ノズル側端部が地中に挿入される地中挿入管と、該地中挿入管の先端より所望の間隔を置いた位置の外周面に支持され、外向き先端側に広がるテーパ状の笠体と、前記地中挿入管に圧縮空気を供給する空気供給手段とを備えた空気式土砂処理装置を用いて、地中に地中挿入管を挿入した上で、噴射ノズルより圧縮空気を高圧で噴射し、地中に挿入された管部周囲の土砂をほぐすことにより、木の根の隙間まで傷をつけることなく、根茎掘り取り調査あるいは土壌改良による樹勢回復工事等の土砂処理が行われている。 Currently, a pneumatic earth and sand treatment device as described in Patent Document 1, specifically, an underground nozzle having an injection nozzle at the tip, and an injection nozzle side end inserted into the ground, A tapered cap body that is supported on the outer peripheral surface at a position spaced apart from the tip of the underground insertion tube and extends outward, and an air supply means for supplying compressed air to the underground insertion tube. By inserting the underground insertion pipe into the ground using the pneumatic soil treatment equipment provided, and then injecting compressed air from the injection nozzle at high pressure to loosen the earth and sand around the pipe part inserted into the ground Sediment treatment such as rhizome excavation or tree restoration work by soil improvement is performed without damaging the gap between the roots of the tree.
 かかる空気式土砂処理装置を用いての土壌改良処理により、
 (1) 土壌に穴を開け、その部分の土壌を地表に導き出すことにより、単位面積当りの土壌密度を低下させる
 (2) 土壌に穿った穴に土壌改良資材を充填することができ、そのことにより長期間にわたり土壌改良の効果を持続させ得る
 (3) 噴出する圧縮空気が土壌に触れることにより、掘削部土壌表面の間隙を増やし、吸水性・通気性を高める
 (4) 作業中の圧縮空気が土壌中に浸透するため、土壌中の根に酸素の供給をし易くする
などの効果を奏するものの、この文献記載の空気式土砂処理装置を用いての作業には、常時7~8気圧の圧縮空気を送り続けることとなり、また必要とされる圧縮空気総量が最終的に多くなるため、例えば重量が1トン前後といった大型コンプレッサーを用いる必要があり、庭木や街路樹などの樹木の手入れなどでは、作業性に欠け、コンプレッサーの運搬も容易ではない。また、土の排出能力が高く、作業員への土の跳ね返りもひどいので、作業が進め難く、作業後には全身が返り土で汚れてしまうといった問題もある。
By soil improvement treatment using such pneumatic soil treatment equipment,
(1) Decrease the soil density per unit area by making a hole in the soil and deriving that part of the soil to the ground surface. (2) The soil improvement material can be filled in the hole drilled in the soil. The effect of soil improvement can be maintained for a long period of time by (3) The compressed air that is blown out touches the soil to increase the gap on the soil surface of the excavated part and increase the water absorption and breathability. (4) Compressed air during work Is effective for supplying oxygen to the roots of the soil, but the work using the pneumatic soil treatment device described in this document is always 7-8 atm. Since compressed air will continue to be sent and the total amount of compressed air required will eventually increase, it will be necessary to use a large compressor with a weight of around 1 ton, for example, in the care of trees such as garden trees and street trees ,Workability It is not easy to transport the compressor. Moreover, since the soil discharging ability is high and the rebounding of soil to the worker is severe, there is a problem that the work is difficult to proceed and the whole body returns and gets dirty with the soil after the work.
 また、かかる空気式土砂処理装置は、ノズルの外径が一定であり、またその外径が直径30mm程度と太いため、大小の根が高密度で交錯する根元付近や、街路樹等に用いられている根元保護板の隙間からの、ノズルの挿入が困難である。さらに、ホースを含めた装置全体の重量が大きく、噴出する空気量が3.5~4.0m3/分(3500~4000 l/分)と多いため、ノズル外径の大きさと相俟って、その操作の難しさから太い根を傷つける可能性もある。太い根の傷害は、その部分から腐朽し始める場合が多く、結果的に木自体にダメージを与えることとなるため、土壌改良作業において特に注意が求められている。 In addition, the pneumatic earth and sand treatment device has a constant nozzle outer diameter, and its outer diameter is as thick as about 30 mm, so it is used in the vicinity of roots where large and small roots cross at high density, and for roadside trees. It is difficult to insert the nozzle through the gap between the root protection plates. In addition, the overall weight of the device including the hose is large, and the amount of air to be ejected is as large as 3.5 to 4.0 m 3 / min (3500 to 4000 l / min). There is also the possibility of hurting thick roots due to the difficulty of. Injuries to thick roots often begin to decay from that part, resulting in damage to the trees themselves, and thus special attention is required in soil improvement work.
特開2006-22547号公報JP 2006-22547 A 特開昭62-138103号公報JP-A-62-138103
 本発明の目的は、庭木や街路樹などの樹木の手入れなどにも好適に用いられ、土壌の通気性、通水性を改良することを可能とする土壌改良器具を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a soil improvement device that can be suitably used for the care of trees such as garden trees and street trees, and that can improve the air permeability and water permeability of soil.
 かかる本発明の目的は、圧縮空気供給装置に接続されるパイプ先端部に、圧縮空気の噴気口を備えたノズルを有し、噴気口より圧縮空気を噴出させて土壌を穴状に掘削する土壌改良器具において、ノズル外周部の最大外径をパイプ外径よりも、(ノズル最大外径を直径として算出される円の面積-パイプ外径より算出される面積)/ノズル噴気口面積が、5以上となるように膨出せしめ、掘削方向を向いた略直線状のパイプと略同一直線上に位置させたノズルが用いられた土壌改良器具によって達成される。ここでノズルは、好ましくは脱着可能な状態で用いられる。 The object of the present invention is to have a nozzle having a compressed air blowing port at the tip of a pipe connected to the compressed air supply device, and discharge the compressed air from the blowing port to excavate the soil into a hole shape. In the improved instrument, the maximum outer diameter of the nozzle outer periphery is less than the pipe outer diameter (the area of the circle calculated by using the nozzle maximum outer diameter as the diameter−the area calculated from the pipe outer diameter) / nozzle nozzle area is 5 This is achieved by a soil conditioner using a nozzle that bulges as described above and is positioned substantially on the same straight line as the substantially straight pipe facing the excavation direction. Here, the nozzle is preferably used in a detachable state.
 本発明に係る土壌改良器具においては、外周部の最大外径をパイプ外径よりも、(ノズル最大外径を直径として算出される円の面積-パイプ外径より算出される面積)/ノズル噴気口面積が、5以上となるように膨出せしめたノズルを掘削方向を向いた略直線状のパイプと略同一直線上に位置させたものが用いられるため、土壌に挿入された、ノズルより上部のパイプ側面には、土壌との間にノズルの最大外径とパイプ外径との差に応じた空隙が形成され易くなり、その結果土壌中に噴出された圧縮空気の排気通路が確保され、ひいては土壌改良作業の効率が著しく改善されるといったすぐれた効果を奏する。また、ノズル端部をテーパー状とすることにより、植物根あるいは障害物を避けて土壌改良作業を進めることができる。 In the soil improvement implement according to the present invention, the maximum outer diameter of the outer peripheral portion is larger than the pipe outer diameter (the area of the circle calculated using the nozzle maximum outer diameter as the diameter−the area calculated from the pipe outer diameter) / nozzle fume. Since the nozzle swelled so that the mouth area is 5 or more is positioned on the same straight line as the substantially straight pipe facing the excavation direction, it is inserted above the nozzle inserted into the soil. On the side of the pipe, a gap according to the difference between the maximum outer diameter of the nozzle and the outer diameter of the pipe is easily formed between the soil, and as a result, an exhaust passage for compressed air ejected into the soil is secured. As a result, there is an excellent effect that the efficiency of the soil improvement work is remarkably improved. Moreover, soil improvement work can be advanced by avoiding plant roots or obstacles by making the nozzle end portion tapered.
 さらに、この土壌改良器具を用いた場合、25気圧程度の高圧力を瞬時にかけて使用することができるため、使用される圧縮空気総量は結果的に少なくなり、従来より用いられている空気式土砂処理装置等に比べて、用いられるコンプレッサー(圧縮空気供給装置)は、小型のもので対応可能となる。従って、庭木や街路樹の手入れなどにおいても、有効に用いることができる。また、空気排出時間が短くて足りるため、土の跳ね返りが少なく、作業性も向上するといった効果を奏する。一方、ノズルの最大径にあっても、従来用いられている土壌改良器具よりも細いものも使用できるため、金属製で移動が困難とされる根元保護板の隙間から、土壌改良器具のノズルを挿入して作業を進めることができる。 Furthermore, when using this soil amendment tool, a high pressure of about 25 atmospheres can be used instantaneously, so the total amount of compressed air used is reduced as a result, and conventionally used pneumatic soil treatment Compared with a device or the like, the compressor (compressed air supply device) used is small and can be used. Therefore, it can be used effectively in the maintenance of garden trees and roadside trees. Further, since the air discharge time is short, it is possible to reduce the soil rebound and to improve the workability. On the other hand, even if it is at the maximum diameter of the nozzle, it is possible to use one that is thinner than the conventional soil improvement equipment. You can insert and proceed.
 また、樹木の根元付近は根が太くかつ数が多い一方、根元から離れるほど根が細く数が少なくなる傾向があるため、根元付近に貫入するパイプ先端部に位置するノズルは、根が障害となって太いノズルは貫入不能であるので細いことが必要があり、一方根元から遠ざかるほど細い根が多くなるため、ノズルを太くすることができるといった作業上の要求があるが、着脱可能なノズルを用いることにより、パイプ全体を交換することなく、樹木の根元付近からその周辺まで、根の密度に応じてノズルの大きさを適宜変化させることができ、また用意する機材もコンパクトにできるといった効果を奏する。 In addition, the roots of trees have thick and many roots, while the distance from the roots tends to narrow the roots and the number decreases.Therefore, the nozzle located at the tip of the pipe penetrating near the roots has a root failure. The thick nozzle cannot be penetrated, so it needs to be thin.On the other hand, the farther away from the root, the thinner the root, so there is a work requirement that the nozzle can be thickened. By using it, it is possible to change the size of the nozzle according to the density of the root from the root of the tree to the vicinity without replacing the entire pipe, and the equipment to be prepared can be made compact. Play.
 このように、本発明に係る土壌改良器具を用いて土中に圧縮空気を供給することにより、従来に比して労力を著しく低減し、また作業性を高めた状態で、土壌中の酸素濃度を高め、植物の生育、生産力を向上させて品質を良くすることができ、また水はけの悪い土地における植物の根腐れなどを防止でき、深耕の役割を果たすことができる。 Thus, by supplying compressed air into the soil using the soil improvement apparatus according to the present invention, the labor is significantly reduced compared with the conventional, and the oxygen concentration in the soil is improved in workability. Can improve the quality by improving the growth and productivity of plants, and can prevent the root rot of plants in poorly drained land and can play a role of deep plowing.
本発明に係る、外周部の最大外径をパイプ外径よりも、(ノズル最大外径を直径として算出される円の面積-パイプ外径より算出される面積)/ノズル噴気口面積が、5以上となるように膨出させたノズルを有する土壌改良器具のノズルの一態様を示す斜視図である。According to the present invention, the maximum outer diameter of the outer peripheral portion is larger than the pipe outer diameter (the area of the circle calculated by using the nozzle maximum outer diameter as the diameter−the area calculated from the pipe outer diameter) / nozzle nozzle area is 5 It is a perspective view which shows the one aspect | mode of the nozzle of the soil improvement tool which has the nozzle swelled so that it may become the above. 本発明に係る、外周部の最大外径をパイプ外径よりも、(ノズル最大外径を直径として算出される円の面積-パイプ外径より算出される面積)/ノズル噴気口面積が、5以上となるように膨出させたノズルを有する土壌改良器具のノズルの他の態様を示す斜視図である。According to the present invention, the maximum outer diameter of the outer peripheral portion is larger than the pipe outer diameter (the area of the circle calculated by using the nozzle maximum outer diameter as the diameter−the area calculated from the pipe outer diameter) / nozzle nozzle area is 5 It is a perspective view which shows the other aspect of the nozzle of the soil improvement tool which has the nozzle swelled so that it may become the above. 図2に示される態様において、さらに長手方向に溝部を刻設したものを示す斜視図である。In the aspect shown by FIG. 2, it is a perspective view which shows what further engraved the groove part in the longitudinal direction. 本発明に係る、外周部の最大外径をパイプ外径よりも、(ノズル最大外径を直径として算出される円の面積-パイプ外径より算出される面積)/ノズル噴気口面積が、5以上となるように膨出させたノズルを有する土壌改良器具のノズルのさらに他の態様を示す斜視図である。According to the present invention, the maximum outer diameter of the outer peripheral portion is larger than the pipe outer diameter (the area of the circle calculated by using the nozzle maximum outer diameter as the diameter−the area calculated from the pipe outer diameter) / nozzle nozzle area is 5 It is a perspective view which shows the further another aspect of the nozzle of the soil improvement tool which has the nozzle swelled so that it may become the above. 図4に示される態様において、さらに円形リングを嵌合させたものを示す斜視図である。FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which a circular ring is further fitted in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4. ノズルを有していない土壌改良器具の先端部分を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the front-end | tip part of the soil improvement instrument which does not have a nozzle.
 本発明に係る土壌改良器具は、圧縮空気供給装置に接続されるパイプ先端部に、圧縮空気の噴気口を備えたノズルを有し、そのノズル外周部の最大外径をパイプ外径よりも、(ノズル最大外径を直径として算出される円の面積-パイプ外径より算出される面積)/ノズル噴気口面積が、5以上となるように膨出させるとともに、ノズルを掘削方向を向いた略直線状のパイプと略同一直線上に位置させたことを特徴とする。 The soil improvement apparatus according to the present invention has a nozzle having a compressed air blowing port at a pipe tip connected to a compressed air supply device, and the maximum outer diameter of the nozzle outer peripheral portion is larger than the pipe outer diameter. (Area of the circle calculated using the nozzle maximum outer diameter as the diameter-Area calculated from the pipe outer diameter) / The nozzle nozzle area is expanded so that the area is 5 or more, and the nozzle faces the direction of excavation. It is characterized by being positioned on substantially the same straight line as the straight pipe.
 本発明においてノズルとは、気体や液体のような流体の流れる方向を定めるために使用される中空管状の機械部品をいう。一般的にノズルは、流れる物質の流量、流速、方向、圧力といった流体の持つ特性をコントロールするために幅広く使用されている。 In the present invention, a nozzle refers to a hollow tubular machine part used to determine the flow direction of a fluid such as gas or liquid. In general, nozzles are widely used to control fluid characteristics such as the flow rate, flow rate, direction, and pressure of a flowing material.
 ノズルとしては、圧縮空気の噴気口を備え、その外周部の最大外径をパイプ外径よりも、(ノズル最大外径を直径として算出される円の面積-パイプ外径より算出される面積)/ノズル噴気口面積が、5以上となるように膨出させたものが用いられる。噴気口は、ノズルの先端側あるいは側面側のいずれにも設けることができるが、土壌を掘削する際には好ましくはノズルの先端側に設けられる。ここで、噴気口とは、圧縮空気が強制的に排出される穴部であって、その開口面積が最も小さい箇所をいう。かかるノズルを用い、ノズルを土壌の掘削方向を向いた略直線状のパイプと略同一線上に位置させることにより、土壌に挿入された、ノズルより上部のパイプ側面には、土壌との間にノズルの最大外径とパイプ外径との差に応じた空隙が形成され易くなるため、土壌中に噴出された圧縮空気の排気通路が確保され、ひいては土壌改良作業の効率が著しく改善されるといったすぐれた効果を奏する。 The nozzle is equipped with a jet port for compressed air, and the maximum outer diameter of the outer periphery is larger than the pipe outer diameter (the area of the circle calculated using the nozzle maximum outer diameter as the diameter−the area calculated from the pipe outer diameter). / The nozzle bulged so that the area of the nozzle orifice is 5 or more is used. The fumarole can be provided on either the tip side or the side surface side of the nozzle, but is preferably provided on the tip side of the nozzle when excavating soil. Here, the fumarole is a hole where the compressed air is forcibly discharged and the opening area is the smallest. By using such a nozzle, the nozzle is positioned substantially on the same line as the substantially straight pipe facing the soil excavation direction. Since it is easy to form a gap according to the difference between the maximum outer diameter of the pipe and the outer diameter of the pipe, an exhaust passage for compressed air injected into the soil is secured, and the efficiency of soil improvement work is significantly improved. Has an effect.
 従って、かかるノズルを用いない場合、あるいは外周部の最大外径がパイプ外径と同一である場合には、土壌に挿入されたパイプ側面と土壌との間に空隙が形成されないため、土壌中でノズルの噴気口から噴出された圧縮空気の地表に至るまでの排気通路が確保され難く、土壌の排出効率が下がってしまうようになる。ここで、膨出させる割合は、(ノズル最大外径を直径として算出される円の面積-パイプ外径より算出される面積)/ノズル噴気口面積が、5以上、好ましくは10以上となるようなものが用いられる。ここで、ノズル最大外径を直径として算出される円の面積-パイプ外径より算出される面積は、ノズルを膨出させたことにより掘削可能となる土壌の断面積を示し、パイプ外径より算出される面積とは、中空部を含むパイプ断面積であり、例えば円柱状のパイプでは、パイプ外径を直径とする円の面積となる。なお、ノズル最大外径を直径として算出される円の面積は、例えば図3~5で示される態様のノズルにあっては、その最大外径部におけるノズル断面積とは相違するものである。 Therefore, when such a nozzle is not used, or when the maximum outer diameter of the outer periphery is the same as the pipe outer diameter, no gap is formed between the side surface of the pipe inserted into the soil and the soil. It is difficult to secure an exhaust passage to the surface of the compressed air ejected from the nozzle outlet of the nozzle, and the soil discharge efficiency is lowered. Here, the ratio of bulging is such that (the area of the circle calculated from the nozzle maximum outer diameter as the diameter−the area calculated from the pipe outer diameter) / the nozzle outlet area is 5 or more, preferably 10 or more. Is used. Here, the area of the circle calculated using the maximum outer diameter of the nozzle as the diameter minus the area calculated from the outer diameter of the pipe indicates the cross-sectional area of the soil that can be excavated by expanding the nozzle. The calculated area is a pipe cross-sectional area including a hollow portion. For example, in the case of a cylindrical pipe, the area is a circle having a pipe outer diameter as a diameter. Note that the area of the circle calculated with the nozzle maximum outer diameter as the diameter is different from the nozzle cross-sectional area at the maximum outer diameter portion in the nozzle shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, for example.
 なお、特許文献2には、先端側が矢先状をした先鋭形状のノズル部が設けられた空気噴気体に、給気管から圧縮空気が供給され、ノズル部で上向きに開口している噴気孔より圧縮空気が上方へ噴出される土壌改良作業部が記載され、第1図には給気管あるいは空気噴気体の外径よりも外周部の最大外径が大きいノズル部が開示されている。しかしながら、ノズル部は、本発明如く土壌の掘削方向を向いた、地表まで続く略直線状のパイプと略同一直線上に位置しているものではないため、土壌に挿入された、ノズルより上部のパイプ側面には、土壌との間にノズルの最大外径とパイプ外径との差に応じた空隙が形成されるといた技術的思想はそこには全くない。従って、土壌中に噴出された圧縮空気の排気通路が確保され、ひいては土壌改良作業の効率が著しく改善されるといった本発明の奏するすぐれた効果は全く達成することができない。 Note that in Patent Document 2, compressed air is supplied from an air supply pipe to an air jet gas provided with a sharp-pointed nozzle portion with an arrow tip on the tip side, and compressed from an air jet hole opened upward at the nozzle portion. A soil improvement working unit is described in which air is ejected upward, and FIG. 1 discloses a nozzle portion having a maximum outer diameter at the outer peripheral portion larger than the outer diameter of the air supply pipe or air jet gas. However, since the nozzle portion is not located on the substantially same straight line as the substantially straight pipe extending to the ground surface facing the excavation direction of the soil as in the present invention, it is inserted above the nozzle inserted into the soil. There is no technical idea that a gap corresponding to the difference between the maximum outer diameter of the nozzle and the outer diameter of the pipe is formed on the side surface of the pipe with the soil. Therefore, it is impossible to achieve the excellent effect of the present invention such that an exhaust passage for the compressed air ejected into the soil is secured and the efficiency of the soil improvement work is significantly improved.
 また、ノズルとしては、少なくとも一方の端部がテーパー形状を有するものが好ましく、さらに好ましくはパイプと接続されるノズル端部がテーパー形状を有するものが用いられる。ノズル端部をテーパー形状を有するものとすることにより、植物根あるいは障害物を避けて土壌改良作業を進めることができる。従って、パイプと接続されるノズル端部のテーパー部の角度は、鋭くすることが好ましく、特に好ましくは60°以下とされる。また、両端部がテーパー形状を有する場合、すなわちテーパー部の側面同士が構成する部分円錐面の頂角は、120°以下、好ましくは90°以下であることが好ましい。これにより、ノズル先端部およびノズル膨出部により押し分けられた根が、これらの通過後に元の位置に戻ることによって、ノズルの引き抜き時に障害となる状況を緩和することが容易となる。一方、ノズル先端部のテーパー部の角度は、鋭すぎると掘削力が低下してしまうため、60°以上であることが好ましい。 Also, as the nozzle, it is preferable that at least one end has a tapered shape, and more preferably, the nozzle end connected to the pipe has a tapered shape. By making the nozzle end portion have a tapered shape, the soil improvement work can be advanced while avoiding plant roots or obstacles. Accordingly, the angle of the tapered portion of the nozzle end connected to the pipe is preferably sharp, and particularly preferably 60 ° or less. Further, when both end portions have a tapered shape, that is, the apex angle of the partial conical surface formed by the side surfaces of the tapered portion is 120 ° or less, preferably 90 ° or less. As a result, the roots pushed apart by the nozzle tip and the nozzle bulge return to their original positions after passing through them, making it easier to alleviate the situation that becomes an obstacle when the nozzle is pulled out. On the other hand, if the angle of the tapered portion at the tip of the nozzle is too sharp, the excavation force is reduced, and therefore it is preferably 60 ° or more.
 本発明の実施態様について、図面を参照しながら説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
 図1は、本発明の基本的な態様の斜視図であって、圧縮空気供給装置(図示せず)に接続されるパイプ1の先端部に、圧縮空気の噴気口2を備え、外周部の最大外径をパイプ外径よりも、(ノズル最大外径を直径として算出される円の面積-パイプ外径より算出される面積)/ノズル噴気口面積が、5以上となるように膨出させたノズル3が設けられている。この態様では、噴気口はノズル最先端部に位置しているが、ノズル最小内径がノズル内部に存在する場合には、ノズル先端方向で最小内径を示す部位がノズル噴気口とされる。かかるパイプ外径よりも大きくなるように形成された膨出部分は、中実であっても中空であってもよく、これは本態様に限定されない。本態様においてノズル断面は円形、だ円形または多角形の柱状体または筒状体であり得、好ましくは三角形以上の柱状体が用いられる。かかる柱状体としては、市販されているナットをパイプ先端の外周部に嵌合させて用いることもできる。 FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a basic aspect of the present invention, in which a pipe 1 connected to a compressed air supply device (not shown) is provided with a compressed air blowing port 2 at an outer peripheral portion. The maximum outer diameter is larger than the pipe outer diameter (the area of the circle calculated using the nozzle maximum outer diameter as the diameter minus the area calculated from the pipe outer diameter) / the nozzle nozzle area is expanded so that the area is 5 or more. A nozzle 3 is provided. In this aspect, the nozzle hole is located at the most distal end of the nozzle. However, when the minimum nozzle inner diameter is present inside the nozzle, the portion having the minimum inner diameter in the nozzle tip direction is the nozzle nozzle. The bulging portion formed to be larger than the outer diameter of the pipe may be solid or hollow, and this is not limited to this embodiment. In this embodiment, the nozzle cross section may be a circular, oval or polygonal columnar body or cylindrical body, and preferably a triangular columnar body or more is used. As such a columnar body, a commercially available nut can be used by fitting it to the outer periphery of the pipe tip.
 図2に示された態様にあっては、ノズル両端が鋭角を示すテーパー形状を有している。すなわち、膨出部分はノズル3の先端部から順次径を大きくした後順次径を小さくした、長手方向に山型形状となっている。 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, both ends of the nozzle have a tapered shape showing an acute angle. That is, the bulging portion has a mountain shape in the longitudinal direction in which the diameter is sequentially increased from the tip portion of the nozzle 3 and then the diameter is sequentially reduced.
 図3に示された態様にあっては、図2に示された態様の山型形状の膨出部分に対し、その長さ方向に1条または複数条の溝4が刻設されている。このような溝を形成することで、土壌へのノズル挿入時における抵抗をさらに低減させることができる。 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, one or more grooves 4 are engraved in the length direction of the mountain-shaped bulged portion of the embodiment shown in FIG. By forming such a groove, it is possible to further reduce the resistance when inserting the nozzle into the soil.
 また、図4に示された態様にあっては、ノズル先端部に膨出部分として柱状体5、5’、5’’、5’’’が形成されていて、柱状体の先端はノズル噴気口2よりも先に延出されている。かかる態様によれば、図1~3の態様に比べて、掘削力をアップさせることが可能となる。このように、柱状体は掘削する土壌をほぐすことなどを目的として設けられるものであり、その数は特に限定されない。ここで柱状体は、柱状体間に入り込んだ根を切断するために、好ましくはその先端部が図4に示される如く尖っている態様のものが用いられる。 Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the columnar bodies 5, 5 ′, 5 ″, 5 ′ ″ are formed as the bulging portion at the nozzle tip portion, and the tip of the columnar body is the nozzle jet. It extends before the mouth 2. According to such an aspect, it is possible to increase the excavation force as compared with the aspects of FIGS. Thus, the columnar bodies are provided for the purpose of loosening the soil to be excavated, and the number thereof is not particularly limited. Here, in order to cut the roots that have entered between the columnar bodies, the columnar bodies are preferably used in such a manner that their tip portions are pointed as shown in FIG.
 図5に示された態様にあっては、図4に示された態様の柱状体5,5’,5’’,5’’’をリングに嵌め込んだ形状となっている。リングは、柱状体が嵌合するものであれば、その形状は特に限定されず、円形のもののほか、多角形のものも用いられる。柱状体にリングを嵌合させることにより、さらなる掘削力の向上を望むことができる。また、リングの存在とは別に、柱状体先端部を図5の如き態様とすることにより、土壌を噴出口近くに集めることができる。 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the columnar bodies 5, 5 ′, 5 ″, and 5 ″ ″ of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 are fitted into the ring. The shape of the ring is not particularly limited as long as the columnar body can be fitted, and a polygonal shape is also used in addition to a circular shape. By fitting the ring to the columnar body, further improvement in excavation force can be desired. In addition to the presence of the ring, soil can be collected near the spout by setting the tip of the columnar body as shown in FIG.
 ノズル形状については、これらの実施態様に限定されるものではないが、好ましくは土壌への挿入のし易さから、図4に示される如き形状のノズルを有するものが用いられる。 The nozzle shape is not limited to these embodiments, but a nozzle having a nozzle shape as shown in FIG. 4 is preferably used for ease of insertion into the soil.
 圧縮空気供給装置としては、コンプレッサーなど、一般的に5気圧程度と一般圧力ものから30気圧程度と高圧力のものまで、(圧縮)空気を供給する装置として市販されているものをそのまま用いることができる。ここで、庭木、街路樹などの樹木が植栽されている土壌や、野菜、果物を栽培しているハウス内などでは、好ましくは作業性の観点から10~25気圧程度の高圧力で150~80L/分の圧縮空気の供給を可能とする、例えば20kg前後と軽量の圧縮空気供給装置が用いられる。 As the compressed air supply device, it is possible to use a commercially available device for supplying (compressed) air, such as a compressor, which generally has a pressure of about 5 atm and a pressure of about 30 atm and a high pressure of about 30 atm. it can. Here, in soil where trees such as garden trees and roadside trees are planted, or in a house where vegetables and fruits are cultivated, it is preferably 150 to about 150 to 25 at high pressure from the viewpoint of workability. A lightweight compressed air supply device that can supply compressed air of 80 L / min, for example, about 20 kg, is used.
 圧縮空気供給装置に接続されるパイプは、略真っ直ぐな形状(直線状)のものであればその材質は特に限定されず、内側からの高圧に耐えることが可能であり、かつ外側からのこすれや衝撃に耐え得る強度を持つ材質のものが用いられる。また、その長さあるいは外径は、改良対象となる土壌の状態によって適宜設定されうるが、例えば90~160cmの長さで、6~10mm程度の外径のものが用いられる。 The pipe connected to the compressed air supply device is not particularly limited as long as it has a substantially straight shape (straight shape), can withstand high pressure from the inside, and can be rubbed from the outside. A material having a strength capable of withstanding an impact is used. The length or outer diameter can be appropriately set depending on the condition of the soil to be improved. For example, a length of 90 to 160 cm and an outer diameter of about 6 to 10 mm is used.
 このパイプ先端部には、圧縮空気の噴気口を備えたノズルが、略直線状のパイプと略同一直線上に取り付けられる。パイプへのノズルの取付は、溶接などによって着脱不可能な状態で行うこともできるが、好ましくは着脱が可能な取り付け方法、例えばネジ込み式などの方法により行われる。ノズルを取り外し可能とすることで、パイプ全体を交換することなく、樹木の根元付近からその周辺まで、根の密度に応じてノズルの大きさを適宜変化させることができ、また用意する機材もコンパクトにすることができる At the tip of this pipe, a nozzle having a compressed air blowing port is mounted on the substantially same straight line as the substantially straight pipe. The nozzle can be attached to the pipe in a non-detachable state by welding or the like, but is preferably attached by a detachable attachment method such as a screw-in method. By making the nozzle removable, the size of the nozzle can be changed according to the density of the root from the base of the tree to its surroundings without changing the entire pipe, and the equipment to be prepared is compact. Can be
 パイプと圧縮空気供給装置との接続は、例えばホースなどの管状体に、好ましくはボールコックなど圧縮空気の排出を制御する栓を介在させたものを用いて行われる。 The connection between the pipe and the compressed air supply device is performed by using a tubular body such as a hose, which preferably has a plug such as a ball cock interposed to control the discharge of compressed air.
 ノズル後方のパイプには、圧縮空気噴射時に飛散する土の飛散を抑え、噴出される土壌飛散防止用カバーを設けることができる。かかるカバーとしては、ノズル方向に広がる笠状のものや、パイプ先端部に向かって鍔部を有する椀状のもの、好ましくは椀状のものが用いられる。いずれの形状についても、上部への土砂の飛散を防止することができるが、椀状の土壌飛散防止用カバーを用いることにより、笠状のものでは横方向に飛び散っていた土砂を、ノズルを挿入した穴の周辺に集めることができる。 The pipe behind the nozzle can be provided with a cover for preventing the scattering of the soil that is scattered when compressed air is jetted and preventing the scattered soil from being ejected. As such a cover, a cap-shaped cover extending in the nozzle direction, a hook-shaped cover having a flange toward the tip of the pipe, and preferably a hook-shaped cover are used. In any shape, it is possible to prevent the earth and sand from scattering to the top, but by using a saddle-shaped cover for preventing the scattering of soil, the nozzle is inserted into the earth and sand that was scattered in the horizontal direction in the case of a shade. Can be collected around the perforated hole.
 以上の構成よりなる土壌改良器具を用いての土壌改良作業は、ノズルを土壌中に突き刺したうえで、圧縮空気供給装置を用いて圧縮空気を噴射し、ノズル先端部の噴気口付近の土壌をほぐすといった動作を繰り返すことにより行われる。このとき、噴気口より排出された空気はパイプ側面を通って地上へ排出され、これと共にほぐされた土壌の一部も地表へと吹き上げられ、地中の土壌密度を低くすることとなる。 The soil improvement work using the soil improvement device having the above-described structure is performed by piercing the nozzle into the soil and then injecting compressed air using the compressed air supply device to remove the soil near the nozzle at the tip of the nozzle. This is done by repeating the operation of unraveling. At this time, the air discharged from the fumarole is discharged to the ground through the side of the pipe, and part of the loosened soil is blown up to the ground surface together with this, and the soil density in the ground is lowered.
 次に、実施例について本発明を説明する。 Next, the present invention will be described with reference to examples.
 実施例1
 図1に示される態様のノズル(ノズルの噴気口径;2.35mm、パイプ外径;6.35mm、ノズル最大外径;11.5mm、(ノズル最大外径を直径として算出される円の面積-パイプ外径より算出される面積)/ノズル噴気口断面積=16.65)が、略直線状のパイプと略同一直線上にセットされた土壌改良器具を用い、日立工機製エアコンプレッサEC1443Hを用いて、圧力25~10気圧の圧縮空気を噴気して土壌改良作業を行い、地下90cmまで掘削を行った。作業翌日に樹木への吸水を行ったところ、作業前に比べて著しく水はけが改善されていることが確認された。
Example 1
Nozzle shown in FIG. 1 (nozzle nozzle diameter: 2.35 mm, pipe outer diameter: 6.35 mm, nozzle maximum outer diameter: 11.5 mm, (circle area calculated with nozzle maximum outer diameter as diameter—pipe outer diameter Area calculated by the following formula) / Nozzle inlet cross-section area = 16.65) using a soil conditioner set on a substantially straight line with a substantially straight pipe, and using an air compressor EC1443H manufactured by Hitachi Koki, pressure 25 ~ Soil improvement work was performed by blowing 10 atmospheres of compressed air, and excavation was conducted to 90 cm underground. When water was absorbed into the tree the day after the work, it was confirmed that the drainage was remarkably improved compared to before the work.
 実施例2
 図3に示される態様のノズル(ノズルの噴気口径;2.50mm、パイプ外径;9.0mm、ノズル最大外径;15.0mm、(ノズル最大外径を直径として算出される円の面積-パイプ外径より算出される面積)/ノズル噴気口断面積=23.04)が、略直線状のパイプと略同一直線上にセットされた土壌改良器具を用い、実施例1と同様に土壌改良作業を行い、地下50cmまで掘削を行った。作業翌日に樹木への吸水を行ったところ、作業前に比べて著しく水はけが改善されていることが確認された。
Example 2
Nozzle shown in FIG. 3 (nozzle nozzle diameter: 2.50 mm, pipe outer diameter: 9.0 mm, nozzle maximum outer diameter: 15.0 mm, circle area calculated with nozzle maximum outer diameter as diameter—pipe outer diameter Area) / nozzle inlet cross-sectional area = 23.04), using a soil conditioner set on a substantially straight line with a substantially straight pipe, performing soil improvement work in the same way as in Example 1, Drilled to 50cm. When water was absorbed into the tree the day after the work, it was confirmed that the drainage was remarkably improved compared to before the work.
 実施例3
 図3に示される態様のノズル(ノズルの噴気口径;2.50mm、パイプ外径;9.0mm、ノズル最大外径;20.0mm、(ノズル最大外径を直径として算出される円の面積-パイプ外径より算出される面積)/ノズル噴気口断面積=51.04)が、略直線状のパイプと略同一直線上にセットされた土壌改良器具を用い、実施例1と同様に土壌改良作業を行い、地下50cmまで掘削を行った。作業翌日に樹木への吸水を行ったところ、作業前に比べて著しく水はけが改善されていることが確認された。
Example 3
Nozzle shown in FIG. 3 (nozzle nozzle diameter: 2.50 mm, pipe outer diameter: 9.0 mm, nozzle maximum outer diameter: 20.0 mm, (circle area calculated with nozzle maximum outer diameter as diameter—pipe outer diameter Area) / nozzle outlet cross-sectional area = 51.04), using a soil conditioner set on a substantially straight line with a substantially straight pipe, performing soil improvement work in the same manner as in Example 1, Drilled to 50cm. When water was absorbed into the tree the day after the work, it was confirmed that the drainage was remarkably improved compared to before the work.
 実施例4
 図4に示される態様のノズル(ノズルの噴気口径;2.50mm、パイプ外径;9.53mm、ノズル最大外径;15.0mm、(ノズル最大外径を直径として算出される円の面積-パイプ外径より算出される面積)/ノズル噴気口断面積=21.47)が、略直線状のパイプと略同一直線上にセットされた土壌改良器具を用い、実施例1と同様に土壌改良作業を行い、地下150cmまで掘削を行った。作業翌日に樹木への吸水を行ったところ、作業前に比べて著しく水はけが改善されていることが確認された。
Example 4
Nozzle shown in FIG. 4 (nozzle nozzle diameter: 2.50 mm, pipe outer diameter: 9.53 mm, nozzle maximum outer diameter: 15.0 mm, (circle area calculated using nozzle maximum outer diameter as diameter-pipe outer diameter Area) / nozzle inlet cross-sectional area = 21.47), using a soil conditioner set on a substantially straight line with a substantially straight pipe, and performing soil improvement work in the same way as in Example 1, Drilled to 150cm. When water was absorbed into the tree the day after the work, it was confirmed that the drainage was remarkably improved compared to before the work.
 参考例
 図1,3および4に示される態様のノズルを用いて、根元保護板の隙間より樹木の土壌改良作業を行い、5ヶ月後に樹木の勢い(樹勢)を確認したところ、作業前に比べて明らかに樹勢が良くなっていることが確認された。このことは、本発明に係る土壌改良器具を用いることにより、土壌改良を効果的に行うことができることを示している。
Reference Example Using the nozzle of the mode shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4, the soil improvement work of the tree from the gap of the root protection plate, after confirming the momentum (tree force) of the tree after 5 months, compared to before the work It was confirmed that the trees were clearly improving. This has shown that soil improvement can be performed effectively by using the soil improvement instrument which concerns on this invention.
 本発明に係る土壌改良器具は、庭木、街路樹などの樹木に加えて、野菜あるいは果物を栽培する温室、ハウス内、植木鉢の中、畑地の畝など植物が根を伸ばす場所に使用される土壌改良器具として、幅広く用いることができる。 In addition to trees such as garden trees and street trees, the soil improvement device according to the present invention is a soil used for plants where the roots extend, such as greenhouses for cultivating vegetables or fruits, in houses, in flower pots, and in field pots. As an improved instrument, it can be used widely.
 1          パイプ
 2          噴気口
 3          ノズル
 4          溝
 5,5',5'',5''' 柱状体
 6          リング
1 Pipe 2 Air outlet 3 Nozzle 4 Groove 5, 5 ′, 5 ″, 5 ′ ″ Columnar body 6 Ring

Claims (10)

  1.  圧縮空気供給装置に接続されるパイプ先端部に、圧縮空気の噴気口を備えたノズルを有し、噴気口より圧縮空気を噴出させて土壌を穴状に掘削する土壌改良器具において、ノズル外周部の最大外径をパイプ外径よりも、(ノズル最大外径を直径として算出される円の面積-パイプ外径より算出される面積)/ノズル噴気口面積が、5以上となるように膨出せしめ、掘削方向を向いた略直線状のパイプと略同一直線上に位置させたノズルが用いられることを特徴とする土壌改良器具。 In a soil improvement instrument that has a nozzle with a compressed air blowing port at the tip end of a pipe connected to the compressed air supply device, and discharges compressed air from the blowing port to excavate the soil into a hole shape, the outer periphery of the nozzle The maximum outer diameter of the pipe is larger than the pipe outer diameter (the area of the circle calculated by using the nozzle maximum outer diameter as the diameter−the area calculated from the pipe outer diameter) / the nozzle blowout area is 5 or more. A soil improvement tool characterized by using a nozzle that is positioned substantially on the same straight line as a substantially straight pipe facing the excavation direction.
  2.  ノズル片端部または両端部がテーパー形状を有する請求項1記載の土壌改良器具。 The soil improvement implement according to claim 1, wherein one end or both ends of the nozzle have a tapered shape.
  3.  ノズル断面が円形、だ円形または多角形の柱状体または筒状体である請求項1または2記載の土壌改良器具。 The soil improvement device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nozzle cross-section is a circular, elliptical or polygonal columnar body or cylindrical body.
  4.  ノズルが、長手方向に溝部を刻設したものである請求項2記載の土壌改良器具。 The soil improvement implement according to claim 2, wherein the nozzle has a groove formed in the longitudinal direction.
  5.  ノズルが、先端部に柱状物を配し、柱状物の先端が噴気口より先に延出されたものである請求項1または2記載の土壌改良器具。 The soil improvement device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nozzle is provided with a columnar object at the tip, and the tip of the columnar member extends beyond the fumarole.
  6.  さらに、柱状物の先端に、リングを嵌合せしめた請求項5記載の土壌改良器具。 Furthermore, the soil improvement implement of Claim 5 which made the ring fit in the front-end | tip of a columnar thing.
  7.  ノズルが、パイプ本体から脱着可能である請求項1記載の土壌改良器具。 The soil improvement implement according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle is removable from the pipe body.
  8.  パイプに、椀型の噴出土壌飛散防止用カバーを取り付けた請求項1記載の土壌改良器具。 The soil improvement device according to claim 1, wherein a pipe-shaped cover for preventing spouting of soil is attached to the pipe.
  9.  請求項1乃至8のいずれかに記載の土壌改良器具に用いられるノズル。 A nozzle used for the soil improvement device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
  10.  請求項1乃至8のいずれかに記載の土壌改良器具を用い、圧縮空気供給装置を用いて10~25気圧の圧縮空気を噴射して土壌改良を行うことを特徴とする土壌の改良方法。 A soil improvement method, wherein the soil improvement device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used to perform soil improvement by jetting compressed air of 10 to 25 atm using a compressed air supply device.
PCT/JP2010/069433 2010-11-01 2010-11-01 Soil improvement device WO2012059968A1 (en)

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WO2014130770A1 (en) * 2013-02-22 2014-08-28 Cellular Dynamics International, Inc. Hepatocyte production via forward programming by combined genetic and chemical engineering

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0364148U (en) * 1989-10-27 1991-06-21
JPH07189248A (en) * 1993-12-24 1995-07-28 Teruo Koi Method of pit excavation construction of foundation ground and device thereof
JP2002256789A (en) * 2001-02-27 2002-09-11 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Drilling bit
JP2006022547A (en) * 2004-07-08 2006-01-26 Taisei Engineering Co Ltd Pneumatic sediment handling device and sediment handling method
JP4583492B1 (en) * 2009-08-19 2010-11-17 泉 徳江 Soil improvement equipment

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JP7083641B2 (en) * 2017-12-28 2022-06-13 株式会社ダイセル Sizing agents for organic fibers, organic fibers, textiles, and laminates

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0364148U (en) * 1989-10-27 1991-06-21
JPH07189248A (en) * 1993-12-24 1995-07-28 Teruo Koi Method of pit excavation construction of foundation ground and device thereof
JP2002256789A (en) * 2001-02-27 2002-09-11 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Drilling bit
JP2006022547A (en) * 2004-07-08 2006-01-26 Taisei Engineering Co Ltd Pneumatic sediment handling device and sediment handling method
JP4583492B1 (en) * 2009-08-19 2010-11-17 泉 徳江 Soil improvement equipment

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014130770A1 (en) * 2013-02-22 2014-08-28 Cellular Dynamics International, Inc. Hepatocyte production via forward programming by combined genetic and chemical engineering

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AU2010363437A1 (en) 2013-05-02
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KR20130056360A (en) 2013-05-29

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