WO2012046984A2 - Flame retardant magnesium alloy with excellent mechanical properties, and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Flame retardant magnesium alloy with excellent mechanical properties, and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012046984A2 WO2012046984A2 PCT/KR2011/007298 KR2011007298W WO2012046984A2 WO 2012046984 A2 WO2012046984 A2 WO 2012046984A2 KR 2011007298 W KR2011007298 W KR 2011007298W WO 2012046984 A2 WO2012046984 A2 WO 2012046984A2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/04—Alloys based on magnesium with zinc or cadmium as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
- B22D21/02—Casting exceedingly oxidisable non-ferrous metals, e.g. in inert atmosphere
- B22D21/04—Casting aluminium or magnesium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/06—Alloys based on magnesium with a rare earth metal as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
Definitions
- the present invention is a magnesium alloy having excellent ignition resistance, more specifically, to form a stable protective film on the surface of the molten metal can be dissolved and cast in the air or in a general inert atmosphere, it is very excellent in the resistance to ignition to suppress chip spontaneous ignition It is about magnesium alloy that can not only be used but also have excellent strength and ductility at the same time.
- Magnesium alloy is the lightest alloy with high specific strength, and can be applied to various casting and processing processes, and has a wide range of applications in almost all fields requiring weight reduction such as automobile parts and electromagnetic parts.
- Magnesium alloys are electrochemically low-potential, highly active metals, which have strong active reactions when in contact with oxygen or water, and sometimes cause fires, and still have limitations in terms of material stability and reliability. For this reason, its application range is still limited compared to its application potential, and it cannot be used especially for the safety field requiring safety.
- inert atmospheres such as flux or C0 2 + SF 6 must be used for dissolution. Since the flux used for dissolving and refining is chlorine-based, residual chlorine remains inside the material and greatly degrades corrosion resistance when the melt treatment conditions are not met. Instead of using fluxes to solve these shortcomings, it is effective to melt and cast SF 6 , CO 2 and Air in a mixed atmosphere. However, SF 6 is classified as a global greenhouse-induced substance whose global greenhouse effect is 24 times that of C0 2 , and is expected to be regulated in the future.
- Ca is preferably 3% by weight or more. At least 2% by weight should be added to the magnesium alloy.
- Ca is added in excess of 2 weight 3 ⁇ 4>, the tensile property of the magnet alloy is generally lowered, especially the decrease in elongation is noticeable, because a large amount of coarse hard process is formed, causing cracking.
- the increase in the amount of Ca added has the advantage of increasing the ignition resistance, but the drawback is that the tensile properties deteriorate sharply, and therefore, the development of a magnesium alloy that satisfies both the ignition resistance and the tensile properties is required.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a magnet alloy for solving the above conventional problems.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a magnesium alloy containing Ca, which has both excellent ignition resistance and excellent tensile properties.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a magnesium alloy that enables an environmentally friendly manufacturing process using a minimum of Ca and at the same time does not use a protective gas that is an environmental pollutant such as SF 6 .
- Magnesium alloy according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a magnesium alloy produced by the melt casting method, 1.0 wt% or more and less than 7.0 wt% A1, 0.05 wt% to 2.0 wt% Ca, 0.05 wt% to 2.0 weight 3 ⁇ 4 of Y, more than 0% by weight of up to 6% by weight of Zn, the balance of Mg and other unavoidable impurities, the combined content of Ca and Y is at least 0.1% by weight relative to the total weight of the total magnesium alloy It is characterized in that less than 2.5% by weight.
- the content of Ca is preferably 0.2% by weight to 1.5% by weight.
- the content of Y is preferably from 0.1% by weight to 1.5% by weight 3 ⁇ 4.
- the content of Ca and Y is preferably 0.3% by weight or more and 2.0% by weight or less with respect to the total weight of the total magnet alloy.
- the magnesium alloy further contains Mn of more than 0% by weight and less than 1% by weight It is desirable to.
- the magnesium alloy preferably further comprises Zr in more than 0% by weight and less than 1% by weight.
- the manufacturing method of the magnet alloy according to the present invention :
- Magnesium alloy prepared by the above method is at least 1.0 wt% and less than 7.0 wt% A1, 0.05 wt% to 2.0 wt% Ca, 0.05 wt 3 ⁇ 4 to 2.0 wt% Y, 0 wt 3 ⁇ 4 more 6 wt 3 ⁇ 4 It is characterized by consisting of the following Zn, the balance Mg and other unavoidable impurities.
- the step of adding the raw material of Ca and Y to the magnesium alloy molten metal is preferably characterized in that the addition of the raw material of Ca and Y at a temperature higher than 800 ° C.
- Magnesium alloy prepared by the above method is at least 1.0% by weight and less than 7.0% by weight of A1, 0.05% by weight> to 2.0% by weight of Ca, 0.05% by weight> to 2.0% by weight of Y, 0% by weight and more than 6% by weight It is characterized by consisting of Zn of less than%, the residual Mg and other unavoidable impurities.
- the master alloy ingot containing Mg, Al, Zn, Ca and Y is soluble at 750 ° C or less, the master alloy ingot is preferably added to the magnesium alloy molten metal at a temperature lower than 750 ° C. Do.
- the method for producing a magnesium alloy according to the present invention is:
- Magnesium alloy prepared by the above method is at least 1.0% by weight and less than 7.0% by weight of A1, 0.05% by weight to 2.0% by weight of Ca, 0.05% by weight »to 2.0% by weight of Y, 0% by weight more than 6% by weight It is preferred to consist of up to Zn%, residual Mg and other unavoidable impurities.
- the step of injecting the Ca and Y raw material, the master alloy ingot containing Mg, Al, Zn, Ca and Y, or the Ca compound and Y compound into the magnesium alloy molten metal periodically is preferable to further include the step of stirring.
- the casting method is preferably one of a mold casting method, a sand casting method, a gravity casting method, a pressure casting method, a continuous casting method, a thin plate casting method, a die casting method, a precision casting method, a loss model casting method, a spray casting method and a semi-ung casting method.
- the method preferably further comprises the step of hot working the magnesium alloy cast material formed by the casting method.
- the reason for limiting the content of each component in the magnesium alloy according to the present invention is as follows.
- Aluminum is an element that improves the strength and flowability of the magnesium alloy, and improves castability by increasing the solidification range. Generally, the fraction of the Mg 17 Al 12 phase increases as the amount of aluminum is increased. In addition, as described later, according to the experimental results according to the present invention, when added in combination with other alloying elements, it can be seen that as the aluminum content increases, the ignition resistance increases. On the other hand, when the aluminum content is less than 1% by weight, the strength and the ignition resistance are not improved, and when the aluminum content is more than 7% by weight, the tensile properties are reduced due to the coarse Mg 17 Al 12 process. Silver is preferably included in the range of 1% by weight or more and less than 7% by weight.
- Calcium forms Mg-Al-Ca intermetallic compounds in Mg-Al-based alloys to improve strength and heat resistance, as well as to form thin and dense CaO oxide layers on the surface of the molten metal.
- the fire resistance of the magnesium alloy is improved.
- the calcium content is less than 0.05 weight 3 ⁇ 4
- the effect of improving the ignition resistance is not large.
- the calcium content is more than 2 weight%, the castability of the molten metal decreases, hot cracking occurs, and the die sticking with the mold is achieved. There is a problem such as a large decrease in elongation. Therefore, in the magnesium alloy according to the present invention, calcium is preferably included in the range of 0.05% by weight to 2.0% by weight, more preferably in the range of 0.2% by weight to 1.5% by weight.
- Yttrium is originally used as a high temperature creep-improving element due to the precipitation strengthening effect because it has a large solid solution to the magnet.
- yttrium is added to the magnesium alloy together with calcium, the fraction of coarse grains is reduced, and when 0.5 wt% or more is added, A1 2 Y particles are formed to refine the grains of the cast material, thereby improving tensile properties.
- a Y 2 O 3 oxide layer on the surface of the molten metal to form a mixed layer with MgO, Ca to increase the ignition resistance.
- the yttrium in the magnet alloy according to the present invention is preferably included in the range of 0.05% to 2.0% by weight, more preferably in the range of 0.1% to 3.4% by weight.
- Zinc has the effect of refining grains and increasing strength when added with aluminum.
- the maximum solubility of zinc in the magnesium alloy is 6.2% by weight, and when zinc is added to the magnesium alloy in excess of this, the coarse process produced during casting not only weakens the mechanical properties of the casting material, but also the homogenization heat treatment ( It is preferable to add zinc in an amount of 6 weight 3 ⁇ 4 or less, since a considerable amount of coarse phase remains after T4), which causes weak mechanical properties, especially elongation.
- Manganese combines with Fe, an impurity element that is harmful to corrosion, in Mg-Al alloys to improve corrosion resistance, and improves strength by forming Al-Mn intermetallic compounds at high angles of rotation.
- manganese is added in excess of 1.0% by weight, the coarse ⁇ - ⁇ phase black in the magnet alloy forms AlsMn 5 phase, which deteriorates mechanical properties, and thus, manganese is preferably included at 1.0% by weight or less.
- Zirconium when added to magnesium alloys that do not contain elements such as Al and Mn, forms solid Zr with a crystal lattice very similar to magnetite crystals upon solidification, resulting in uneven nucleation of the magnet crystals in primary Zr. It is mainly added for grain refinement through, but if it is added less than 0.1% by weight, the effect is not divided. If it is added more than 1.0% by weight, the elongation is reduced due to the formation of coarse primary Zr. It is preferably included in 0.1% by weight to 1.0% by weight or less.
- the magnesium alloy according to the present invention may include impurities which are inevitably introduced in the raw material or manufacturing process of the alloy, and among the impurities that may be included in the magnesium alloy according to the present invention, particularly iron (Fe), silicon (Si) and nickel (Ni) is a component that serves to deteriorate the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy. Therefore, the content of Fe is less than 0.004% by weight, the content of Si is 0.04% by weight, it is preferable to maintain the content of Ni is less than 0.001% by weight.
- the total content of calcium and yttrium in the magnet alloy according to the present invention is preferably included in the range of 0.1% by weight or more and less than 2.5% by weight, more preferably 0.2% by weight to 2.0% by weight.
- Magnesium alloy according to the present invention is a dense composite oxide layer acting as a protective film It is very excellent in oxidation resistance and ignition resistance, so that it can be dissolved, cast, and processed in the atmosphere or in general inert atmosphere (Ar, N 2 ), and the spontaneous ignition of chips accumulated in the machining process can be suppressed.
- the magnesium alloy according to the present invention does not use a gas such as SF 6 is suitable for cost reduction, worker health protection, environmental pollution prevention.
- the magnesium alloy according to the present invention has an excellent ignition resistance and superior strength and ductility compared to commercial alloys at a melting point of +50 ° C or more, so that it is applicable to structural parts.
- the magnet alloy according to the present invention can be used in a variety of processing materials or castings, in particular extruded material, plate material, which can be practically applied to the next-generation automobile, high-speed railway, urban railway round, which requires high strength, high ductility and stability characteristics It can be manufactured from forgings, castings and the like.
- Figure 1 (a) is a photograph of the surface of the alloy casting material according to Comparative Example 1 cast in atmospheric steam according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure Kb is a photograph of the surface of the alloy casting material according to Example 2 cast in the atmosphere according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a method of measuring the ignition temperature of the magnesium alloy cast according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Example 3 is a view showing the results of EPMA analysis of the molten metal oxide layer after maintaining the magnesium alloy according to Example 5 cast in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention at 670 ° C. for 10 minutes.
- FIG. 4 is a view schematically showing a structure in which a composite oxide layer formed on a solid or liquid surface of Ca and Y complexes blocks external oxygen penetration.
- Figure 5 (a) is an optical picture showing the microstructure of the alloy according to Comparative Example 3 cast in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 5 (b) is an optical photograph showing the microstructure of the alloy according to Example 2 cast in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 6 (a) is an optical photograph showing the microstructure of the alloy according to Comparative Example 1 extruded according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 6 (b) is an alloy according to Comparative Example 2 extruded according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention It is an optical picture showing the microstructure of the.
- Figure 6 (c) is an optical photograph showing the microstructure of the alloy according to Comparative Example 3 extruded according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 6 (d) is an optical picture showing the microstructure of the alloy according to Example 1 extruded according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 7 is a photograph showing a change in the ignition temperature according to the addition amount of Ca and Y in Comparative Examples and Examples prepared according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- a magnesium alloy and a method of manufacturing the same according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below.
- the following examples are merely illustrative and do not limit the invention.
- the inventors of the present invention have studied the thermodynamically calculated alloy design to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and achieve the object of the present invention, Ca and Y in Mg-Al-based alloys or Mg-Al-Zn-based alloys.
- the inventors of the present invention produced a magnesium alloy having various compositions based on the above data, the method of producing a magnesium alloy according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows.
- the raw material was dissolved and the magnet having the alloy composition described in Examples 1 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9 of Table 2 by using a gravity casting method.
- An alloy casting was formed.
- molten Mg (99.9), Al (99.9%), Zn (99.99%), Ca (99.9%), and Y (99.9%) are simultaneously dissolved to form a molten metal.
- a magnesium alloy molten metal is first formed using raw materials of Mg, A1, and Zn or an alloy thereof, and then a raw casting material of Ca and Y, or a Ca compound and a Y compound is added to the magnesium alloy molten metal, and then cast. It is also possible to form a magnesium alloy casting material by using.
- Mg, Al, Zn, Ca, and Y alloys having a higher content of Ca and Y than the final target are prepared, and separately from the raw materials of Mg, A1 and Zn or their alloys.
- the master alloy ingot may be added to the magnesium alloy molten metal to form a magnet alloy casting material.
- the mother alloy ingot since the melting point of the master alloy ingot is lower than that of Ca and Y raw materials, the mother alloy ingot can be introduced at a lower temperature than when the Ca and Y raw materials are directly added to the magnesium alloy molten metal. Particularly useful.
- a magnesium alloy according to the present invention can be implemented through a variety of methods, the formation method of a magnet alloy already widely known in the art to which the present invention belongs all incorporated into the present invention.
- induction melting in the present embodiment used a graphite crucible, and the SF 6 and CO 2 mixture gas is applied to the upper part of the melt to prevent oxidation of the molten metal until the alloy is finished. Blocked contact.
- a die was cast without using a protective gas using a steel mold (steel mold), a plate casting material of width 100 ⁇ , length 150 ⁇ , thickness 15 ⁇ was manufactured for the rolling experiment.
- a cylindrical billet having a diameter of 80 mm and a length of 150 mm was prepared for the extrusion experiment, and a cylindrical billet having a diameter of 55 mm 3 and a length of 100 mm was prepared for the ignition test of the alloy casting material.
- the magnesium alloy is cast using a die casting method, but various casting methods such as sand casting, gravity casting, pressure casting, continuous casting, sheet casting, die casting, precision casting, spray casting, and semi-unggo casting are used. Can be used, The magnesium alloy according to the present invention is not necessarily limited to any particular casting method, but more preferably melt casting method.
- the slabs formed above were subjected to homogenization heat treatment at 400 ° C. for 15 hours.
- Comparative Example 7, Comparative Example 8 and Example 8 of Table 2 extrude the homogenized heat-treated material at an extrusion ratio of 25: 1 at an extrusion rate of 5 m / min at an extrusion temperature of 250 to obtain a good surface condition with a final diameter of 16 mra.
- a rod-like extruded material was prepared.
- a chip of a predetermined size was obtained by chip-processing the outer shell of the cylindrical billet manufactured at a constant speed of 0.5 mm depth, pitch 0.1 mm, and 350 rpm.
- the chip o.ig obtained by the above method was heated up at a constant rate into a heating furnace maintained at Kxxrc.
- the temperature at which the rapid temperature rise starts due to the ignition was measured as the ignition temperature, and the results are shown in Table 2.
- the ignition temperature of the magnesium alloy according to Example 1 shows a very high ignition resistance of 807 ° C. This is because the content of yttrium is high as 1 weight 3 ⁇ 4 » and thus, as the amount of yttrium added increases, the ignition resistance It can be seen that also greatly improved.
- the ignition temperature of the magnesium alloy according to Example 8 in Table 2 shows a very high ignition resistance of 811 ° C. When the magnesium alloy containing 6% by weight of zinc is added by 1 weight 3 ⁇ 4 by 1 weight 3 ⁇ 4, yttrium, The ignition temperature is greatly improved. Evaluation of Tensile Properties of Magnesium Alloys
- the addition of 1 weight% 'yttrium 1 weight 3 ⁇ 4 »to the Mg-6Zn-lAl alloy not only greatly improved the ignition resistance but also greatly improved the tensile properties, in particular the tensile strength> uniform elongation value.
- the magnesium alloy according to the present embodiment by the addition of a small amount of yttrium, while maintaining a low content of the chestnut to 1% by weight level, while greatly reducing the fraction of the coarse hard ternary process to obtain a magnet alloy at the same time the strength and elongation Can be.
- Example 2 and Example 5 were fired as compared to the case where Yttrium was added in the same amount and yttrium was not added. While excellent in resistance, it can be seen that the value of tensile strength X uniform elongation is further excellent.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 show changes in the firing temperature and tensile properties according to the sum of the amount of chalc and yttrium.
- the ignition temperature shows a tendency to increase gradually as the amount of the sum of the chams and the yttrium is increased.
- the slope of the ignition temperature increases more.
- the addition of the chestnut showed a tendency to significantly decrease the tensile strength> uniform elongation value regardless of the type of hot processing, as calcium addition amount increases, but rather when calcium and yttrium are added simultaneously The mechanical properties are improved compared to the alloy without yttrium.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11830869.1A EP2492365B1 (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2011-10-04 | Flame retardant magnesium alloy with excellent mechanical properties, and preparation method thereof |
JP2012541039A JP5852580B2 (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2011-10-04 | Flame retardant magnesium alloy having excellent mechanical properties and method for producing the same |
CN201180005584.6A CN102712969B (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2011-10-04 | Flame retardant magnesium alloy with excellent mechanical properties, and preparation method thereof |
CA2781995A CA2781995A1 (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2011-10-04 | Non-flammable magnesium alloy with excellent mechanical properties, and preparation method thereof |
US13/510,989 US20130183193A1 (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2011-10-04 | Non-flammable magnesium alloy with excellent mechanical properties, and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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KR10-2010-96709 | 2010-10-05 | ||
KR20100096709 | 2010-10-05 | ||
KR1020110023260A KR101066536B1 (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2011-03-16 | Ignition-proof magnesium alloy with excellent mechanical properties and method for manufacturing the ignition-proof magnesium alloy |
KR10-2011-23260 | 2011-03-16 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2012046984A2 true WO2012046984A2 (en) | 2012-04-12 |
WO2012046984A3 WO2012046984A3 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
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PCT/KR2011/007298 WO2012046984A2 (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2011-10-04 | Flame retardant magnesium alloy with excellent mechanical properties, and preparation method thereof |
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US (1) | US20130183193A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2492365B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5852580B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101066536B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102712969B (en) |
CA (1) | CA2781995A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012046984A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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JPWO2013157653A1 (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2015-12-21 | 国立大学法人 熊本大学 | Magnesium alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
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JPWO2013157653A1 (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2015-12-21 | 国立大学法人 熊本大学 | Magnesium alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
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EP2492365B1 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
CN102712969A (en) | 2012-10-03 |
US20130183193A1 (en) | 2013-07-18 |
EP2492365A4 (en) | 2017-12-20 |
EP2492365A2 (en) | 2012-08-29 |
CA2781995A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 |
JP2013512338A (en) | 2013-04-11 |
KR101066536B1 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
CN102712969B (en) | 2015-06-17 |
WO2012046984A3 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
JP5852580B2 (en) | 2016-02-03 |
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