WO2012011430A1 - 破砕装置 - Google Patents
破砕装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012011430A1 WO2012011430A1 PCT/JP2011/066100 JP2011066100W WO2012011430A1 WO 2012011430 A1 WO2012011430 A1 WO 2012011430A1 JP 2011066100 W JP2011066100 W JP 2011066100W WO 2012011430 A1 WO2012011430 A1 WO 2012011430A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- crushing
- motor
- transport
- arm
- conveyance
- Prior art date
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 30
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C18/145—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with knives spaced axially and circumferentially on the periphery of a cylindrical rotor unit
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
- B02C18/2225—Feed means
- B02C18/2241—Feed means of conveyor belt type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
- B02C18/2225—Feed means
- B02C18/2283—Feed means using rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
- B02C21/02—Transportable disintegrating plant
- B02C21/026—Transportable disintegrating plant self-propelled
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a crushing apparatus capable of crushing a tree-type crushing object such as bamboo, thinned wood, and waste wood into a chip shape.
- a conveyor that conveys an inputted tree-based crushing object downstream in the conveying direction, a conveyance roller that cooperates with this conveyor to press the crushing object into the crushing mechanism, and is transferred by the conveyor and the conveyance roller.
- a crushing apparatus that chops the crushing object to be shredded by a crushing mechanism including a fixed blade and a crushing blade is known.
- the self-propelled crushing device of Patent Document 1 includes a crushing mechanism that crushes a crushing object and a transport mechanism that conveys the crushing object to the crushing mechanism.
- the crushing mechanism includes a crushing rotor that is rotatably supported by a main body frame, and a plurality of crushing blades that are attached to an outer peripheral portion of the crushing rotor and that can crush a crushing object that is carried in cooperation with a fixed blade.
- a crushing motor capable of rotating the crushing rotor about the rotation axis is provided.
- the transport mechanism includes a feed conveyor that transports the object to be crushed, a transport roller (presser roller) that can press the object to be crushed, a drive motor that can rotationally drive the transport roller, and a transport roller that is held at one end.
- an arm portion whose other end portion is pivotally supported by the main body frame via a rotation shaft and a hydraulic cylinder capable of swinging the arm portion are provided.
- the crushing device is a dedicated machine for self-propelled crushing and is equipped with a feed conveyor for transporting the object to be crushed. Is also necessary.
- the crushing device is configured to self-propell through a pair of left and right traveling bodies composed of caterpillars and is configured to transport a crushing object via a feed conveyor, so in a place with a poor work environment such as an inclined land. Not suitable for receiving and crushing objects to be crushed. For example, the entire apparatus cannot be moved quickly in order to easily accept the object to be crushed and to discharge the crushed crushed material.
- the length of the feed conveyor is constant, the length of the feed conveyor may be insufficient when crushing a large crushing object such as bamboo or thinned wood.
- the said crushing apparatus is comprised so that the clearance gap between a feed conveyor and a conveyance roller may be adjusted with the hydraulic cylinder connected with the support member which supports a conveyance roller. For this reason, the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder must be adjusted according to the thickness of the object to be crushed, but the burden on the operator increases due to the stroke adjustment of the hydraulic cylinder.
- An object of the present invention is a crushing device that can be manufactured in a small size and at a low cost, a crushing device that can increase crushing efficiency in a poor working environment such as an inclined land, a crushing device that can replace a hopper according to the length of a crushing object, It is to provide a crushing device or the like that can reduce the operator's handling load.
- the crushing apparatus is carried in in cooperation with a main body frame that is swingably connected to a tip portion of an arm of an excavator excavator, a fixed blade that is installed on the main body frame, and the fixed blade.
- a crushing blade capable of crushing the crushing object
- a crushing rotor pivotally supported by the main body frame, a plurality of crushing blades mounted on an outer peripheral portion of the crushing rotor
- a crushing mechanism provided with a crushing motor capable of rotating the crushing rotor about a rotation axis, a conveying roller provided at an upstream position of the crushing mechanism and capable of conveying to the crushing mechanism side while pressing a crushing object
- a transport mechanism having a transport motor capable of rotationally driving the transport roller; an arm portion that holds the transport mechanism at one end side portion; and a swing shaft that pivotally supports the arm portion swingably on the body frame.
- a pressing mechanism having an arm driving means connected to the other end portion of the head portion and capable of adjusting the pressing force of the conveying roller against the object to be crushed, and a hopper capable of receiving the object to be crushed, It is characterized in that it is provided with a hopper that is detachably or integrally provided on the main body frame at a portion upstream of the transport mechanism in the transport direction.
- a first driving load detecting means capable of detecting a driving load of the transport motor, and a control means for controlling the driving force of the arm driving means in accordance with the driving load of the transport motor. It is characterized by that.
- the invention of claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 1, the control means reduces the pressing force of the conveying roller when the driving load of the conveying motor is larger than the first set load.
- a second driving load detecting means capable of detecting a driving load of the crushing motor, and the control means has a second setting of the driving load of the crushing motor. When the load is larger than the load, the conveyance motor is controlled to slow down the conveyance speed of the object to be crushed.
- the crushing motor and the conveyance motor are each constituted by a hydraulic motor, and at least a hydraulic pressure that generates hydraulic pressure to be supplied to the crushing motor and the conveyance motor.
- the invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to claim 5, wherein the crushing motor is a first motor for light load that is detachably attached to one end portion of the rotation shaft of the crushing rotor, and rotation of the crushing rotor. It has the 2nd motor for heavy loads with which the other side edge part of a shaft is detachably attached.
- the crushing device since the main body frame of this crushing device is connected to the tip of the arm of the excavator excavator, the crushing device can be moved to an arbitrary position by changing the position and posture of the arm. Or change the posture of the crushing device. Therefore, the crushing efficiency in a place with a poor work environment such as an inclined land can be increased. Since a moving means such as a self-propelled mechanism for moving the crushing device can be omitted, the device can be made small and lightweight and can be manufactured at low cost.
- the hopper When the hopper is detachably attached to the main body frame, the hopper can be replaced with a hopper suitable for the object to be crushed, the input performance of the object to be crushed into the crushing device can be improved, and the crushing mechanism can be reliably supplied via the transport mechanism. it can.
- the pressing mechanism is connected to the arm portion holding the transport mechanism on one end side portion, the swing shaft pivotally supported on the main body frame so as to be swingable, and the other end side portion of the arm portion. Since arm driving means that can adjust the pressing force of the conveying roller is provided, the crushing object can be smoothly conveyed toward the crushing mechanism while adjusting the pressing force of the conveying roller according to the type of the crushing object. Can do.
- a control means controls the drive force of an arm drive means according to the drive load of a conveyance motor, the appropriate position of a conveyance roller and a crushing object according to the kind of crushing object The relationship can be set, it can be reliably conveyed to the crushing mechanism, and the crushing process can be executed. In addition, a sufficient conveying force for the object to be crushed can be secured, and a decrease in conveying speed and a decrease in crushing efficiency can be prevented.
- the conveyance load of the conveyance motor when the conveyance load of the conveyance motor is larger than the first set load, the conveyance roller is reduced even if the object to be crushed has a large outer shape in order to reduce the pressing force of the conveyance roller. Therefore, the crushing process can be executed by reliably transporting to the crushing mechanism.
- the driving load of the crushing motor when the driving load of the crushing motor is larger than the second set load, an appropriate amount of crushing object that does not become excessive supply is supplied to the crushing mechanism in order to slow down the conveying speed of the crushing object. can do.
- an operator who operates the crushing device in the cab of the excavator excavator can be made unnecessary.
- the engine for generating hydraulic pressure is automatically switched to an idle state, so that energy consumption can be suppressed.
- the crushing efficiency is increased by switching the first motor for light load and the second motor for heavy load that drive the crushing motor according to properties such as the supply amount and hardness of the crushing object. Can be secured.
- FIG. 1 is an external view of a hydraulic excavator and a crushing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view of a crushing apparatus. It is a top view of a crushing apparatus. It is a top view of the crushing apparatus which removed the hopper.
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 5.
- FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. 5.
- It is a block diagram of the hydraulic circuit and control system of a crushing apparatus. It is a part of flowchart of the crushing control process which concerns on Example 1.
- FIG. It is the remainder of the flowchart of the crushing control process which concerns on Example 1.
- the front-rear direction as viewed from the operator of the excavator excavator will be referred to as the front-rear direction
- the vertical direction in the figure will be the vertical direction
- the horizontal direction in the figure will be described as the left-right direction.
- a hydraulic excavator 1 that is an excavator excavator is provided with a lower traveling body 3 having a pair of crawlers 2 and an upper part of the lower traveling body 3 so that the operator can turn freely. It has the upper turning body 4 provided with the cab. At the rear of the upper swing body 4, a hydraulic pump 5 as a hydraulic supply source, a hydraulic pressure generating engine 6 that drives the hydraulic pump 5, and a controller 7 (control means) that controls the operation of a crushing device 20 to be described later, A valve unit 70 for switching supply / discharge of hydraulic pressure to / from the apparatus 20 is disposed.
- the operator can monitor the operating state of the crushing device 20 with the operation monitor 7a provided in the cab.
- an automatic operation mode switch 7b changeover switch
- the hydraulic pressure generating engine 6 can be maintained in an operating state, and the operator can perform the crushing processing work away from the operator's cab.
- the hydraulic excavator 1 has a boom 8 pivotally supported by the upper swing body 4 at the rear end, a hydraulic boom cylinder 9 that tilts the boom 8, and a rear portion that is rotatable at the front end of the boom 8.
- An arm 10 that is pivotally supported, a hydraulic arm cylinder 11 that tilts the arm 10, and a crushing device 20 that is connected to the tip of the arm 10 and that can shred the crushing object O are provided.
- the arm 10 is pivotally supported at the front end of the boom 8 by an arm swing shaft 12 so as to be swingable.
- the base end portion of the cylinder body of the hydraulic arm cylinder 11 is rotatably connected to the middle portion of the boom 8, and the tip end portion of the piston rod of the arm cylinder 11 is rotatably connected to the rear end portion of the arm 10. Yes.
- the arm cylinder 11 extends or contracts, the arm 10 swings about the arm swing shaft 12 as a swing center.
- a connecting pin 13 that rotatably connects the holder portion 23 (connecting portion) of the crushing device 20 to the tip of the arm 10, and a hydraulic bucket cylinder 14 that swings the crushing device 20 around the connecting pin 13.
- a base end portion of a cylinder body of the bucket cylinder 14 is rotatably connected to an upper portion of the arm 10.
- the crushing device 20 is an attachment that can be attached to and detached from the excavator 1, and is detachably connected to the front end portion of the arm 10 by a connecting pin 13 and a connecting pin 15.
- the crushing device 20 includes a main body frame 21 that forms a housing of the crushing device 20, a hopper 22 that can receive the input crushing object O, and a downstream of the main body frame 21 in the conveyance direction.
- the crushing mechanism 30 installed in the side portion, the transport mechanism 40 disposed at the upstream side position of the crushing mechanism 30, and the transport mechanism 40 can swing with respect to the pair of left and right side plates 24, 24 of the main body frame 21.
- a pressing mechanism 50 or the like that pivots is provided.
- the main body frame 21 includes a pair of left and right side plates 24, 24, an upper plate 25 having an opening at the center, a bottom plate 26, and the like.
- a pair of holder portions 23 are welded to the upper plate 25.
- the holder portion 23 is formed with a connection pin hole 23a through which the connection pin 13 passes and a connection pin hole 23b through which the connection pin 15 passes.
- the front end portion of the piston rod of the bucket cylinder 14 is connected to the rear end portion of the H link 16 by a connecting pin 17, and the front end portion of the H link 16 is connected to the pair of holder portions 23 by the connecting pin 15 penetrating the connecting pin hole 23b. It is connected to.
- the front end of the side link 18 is rotatably connected to the connecting pin 17, and the rear end of the side link 18 is rotatably connected to the front portion of the arm 10 by a connecting pin 19.
- the four-bar linkage mechanism including the connecting pins 13, 15, 17, 19 and the H link 16 and the side link 18 is configured, and the crushing device is obtained by extending and contracting the bucket cylinder 14 from the initial state shown in FIG. 20 is configured to be swingable up and down around the connecting pin 13.
- the hopper 22 having a substantially groove-shaped cross section is detachably provided at a front end portion of the main body frame 21 and a portion upstream of the transport mechanism 40 in the transport direction.
- Each of the left and right side plates of the hopper 22 is fastened and fixed to six bolt holes 24 a provided in the front end portion of the main body frame 21 via six bolts.
- the hopper 22 is formed in a trapezoidal shape in which the width of the bottom plate increases toward the upstream side in the transport direction.
- the hopper 22 has a pair of left and right side plates connected to both end portions of the bottom plate, and is formed in a trapezoidal shape in which the width of each side plate increases toward the upstream side in the transport direction.
- the hopper 22 can easily receive the elongated object to be crushed O, and the object to be crushed O becomes dense as it moves downstream, and the object to be crushed O is efficiently transferred to the transport mechanism 40 side. It can be guided well.
- the hopper 22 can be exchanged according to the type of the object to be crushed, and the hopper 22 having the optimum size and shape can be used.
- the crushing device 20 is provided with a swing opening 27 of the transport mechanism 40, a closing restricting portion 28, a bearing portion 24 b that supports the swing shaft 52 of the pressing mechanism 50, and the like. Yes.
- the crushing device 20 is held at a predetermined gradient angle with respect to the horizontal line so that the upstream portion in the transport direction is positioned above the downstream portion in the transport direction, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. Since the object to be crushed O can be conveyed so as to slide down on the bottom plate 26, there is no need to provide a feed conveyor on the bottom plate 26 side. Therefore, the crushing device 20 can be reduced in size and weight.
- the bottom plate 26 is provided with a fixed blade 29 or the like that extends at a position downstream of the transport direction so as to be substantially orthogonal to the transport direction.
- the swing opening 27 is an opening for allowing the transport mechanism 40 to swing about 45 degrees between the upper limit position and the lower limit position, and is formed in an arc shape formed in the pair of side plates 24 and 24, respectively. It is comprised by opening of.
- the cylindrical insertion restricting portion 28 is disposed between a pair of left and right side plates 24 and 24 at a position upstream in the transport direction of the transport mechanism 40 and at an upper position on the front end side of the main body frame 21, and rotates around the side plates 24 and 24. It is supported freely.
- the separation distance between the insertion restricting portion 28 and the bottom plate 26 is set to be smaller than the separation distance between the transport mechanism 40 and the bottom plate 26 at the upper limit position that is most moved up.
- a mesh portion 60 that covers the vicinity of the lower side of the crushing mechanism 30 is attached to the downstream end of the main body frame 21 in the conveyance direction.
- the crushed pieces smaller than the mesh hole (mesh of mesh) are dropped downward, and the crushed pieces larger than the mesh hole are continuously shredded into a chip shape by the fixed blade 29 and the crushed blade 32.
- An accumulation bag (not shown) capable of accumulating the crushed pieces after the processing can be attached below the mesh portion 60.
- the crushing mechanism 30 includes a crushing rotor 31 that is rotatably supported by the left and right side plates 24, 24 of the main body frame 21, and a fixed blade that is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the crushing rotor 31.
- a plurality of crushing blades 32 capable of crushing the crushing object O carried in cooperation with 29, and first and second motors 33a, 33b (crushing motors) capable of rotating the crushing rotor 31 about the rotation shaft 34.
- the cylindrical crushing rotor 31 is connected to a rotating shaft 34 disposed at an axial center position via a pair of connecting members 35a and 35b.
- a recessed key groove 34a extending in the axial direction is formed in the left portion of the rotating shaft 34, and a key member (not shown) provided integrally with the connecting member 35a is fitted in the key groove 34a.
- Power lock portions 36 and 36 are provided between the rotating shaft 34 and the connecting members 35a and 35b, respectively. These power lock portions 36 and 36 are formed in a substantially tapered shape, and are configured such that the connection force between the rotation shaft 34 and the connection members 35a and 35b increases as the rotation speed of the crushing rotor 31 increases.
- the plurality of crushing blades 32 are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 31 in three rows at intervals of 120 degrees.
- the plurality of crushing blades 32 in each row are arranged so as to be spiral with respect to the rotation shaft 34.
- Each crushing blade 32 is fixed to the crushing rotor 31 via a bracket 37.
- These brackets 37 are formed with flange portions 37a that can come into contact with the jaw portions 32a of the crushing blade 32 by their surfaces.
- These flange portions 37 a are configured to form an inclination angle of 0 degree or more and less than 90 degrees, for example, 45 degrees with respect to the radial extension line of the crushing rotor 31.
- the stress which acts on the crushing blade 32 at the time of crushing can be effectively distributed to the crushing rotor 31 via the bracket 37.
- the individual crushing blades 32 can be easily replaced during maintenance.
- the first motor 33a for light load is detachably connected to the left end portion of the rotating shaft 34 of the crushing rotor 31, and is fixed to the left plate 24 of the main body frame 21 via the motor flange 38a.
- the heavy load second motor 33b is detachably connected to the right end of the rotating shaft 34 of the crushing rotor 31, and is fixed to the right plate 24 of the main body frame 21 via a motor flange 38b.
- Bearings 39a and 39b are disposed between the motor flanges 38a and 38b and the rotary shaft 34, and rotatably support the rotary shaft 34.
- the first and second motors 33a and 33b are detachably connected to both end portions of the rotating shaft 34 by spline fitting. Therefore, when the supply amount of the object to be crushed O is small, or when a large crushing force is not required like a tree having a large branch, the second motor 33b is removed and the crushing process is performed by the first motor 33a having a high rotation speed. I do. When the supply amount of the object to be crushed O is large, or when a large crushing force is required, the first motor 33a is removed and the crushing process is performed by the second motor 33b having a large crushing torque.
- the transport mechanism 40 is provided at an upstream position of the crushing mechanism 30 and presses the crushing object O from the upper side (side of the crushing object O) to the bottom plate 26 side to crush the mechanism 30.
- a conveyance roller 41 that can be conveyed to the side, and a pair of left and right conveyance motors 42 that can rotationally drive the conveyance roller 41 are provided.
- the cylindrical transport roller 41 is connected to a rotating shaft 44 disposed at an axial center position via a pair of connecting members 43.
- a pair of power lock portions 45 is provided between the rotating shaft 44 and the pair of connecting members 43.
- the power lock portions 45 are formed in a substantially tapered shape, and are configured such that the connection force between the rotation shaft 44 and the pair of connection members 43 increases as the number of rotations of the transport roller 41 increases.
- the rotating shaft 44 is pivotally supported by a pair of bearing brackets 46 via a pair of bearings 47 at the left and right end portions.
- An annular blade portion 48 having a plurality of annular blades formed at predetermined intervals in the axial direction is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the conveying roller 41.
- the annular blade portion 48 is arranged so that the blade edge thereof is substantially parallel to the conveying direction, and is configured to be vertically split when the crushing object O is a hollow body such as bamboo. Therefore, when the conveyance mechanism 40 presses the object to be crushed O, the annular blade portion 48 forms a vertically or vertically cut portion while crushing the object to be crushed. It is possible to efficiently transmit the pulling force in the transport direction.
- Each of the pair of transport motors 42 is connected to both end portions of the rotating shaft 44 by spline fitting, and is configured to be able to rotate synchronously.
- Each transport motor 42 is fastened and fixed by a pair of bearing brackets 46 and bolts across the front end side portion of the arm portion 51.
- the pressing mechanism 50 includes an arm member 51 that rotatably holds the transport mechanism 40 at one end (front end) side portion, and the other end (rear end) side portion of the arm member 51.
- a swing shaft 52 pivotally supported on a pair of left and right side plates 24, 24 of the main body frame 21 and a second end (rear end) side portion of the arm member 51 are connected via a pair of left and right connecting portions 51a.
- a hydraulic arm cylinder 53 (arm driving means) capable of adjusting the pressing force of the conveying roller 41 (annular blade portion 48) against the crushing object O is provided.
- the arm member 51 has a pair of connecting portions 51a, a pair of left and right side plates 51b substantially parallel to the side plates 24 and 24, and a size extending from the upper end portion of the side plate 51b to the middle step portion and extends in the left-right direction. And a main body portion 51c having a closed cross section integrally fixed to the left and right side plates 51b.
- the left and right end portions of the other end (rear end) side portion of the arm member 51 are rotatably supported by the pair of left and right side plates 24 and 24 of the main body frame 21 by a pair of swing shafts 52. It is pivotally supported so as to be swingable in the vertical direction about the moving shafts 52, 52.
- One end portion (lower end portion) of the pair of left and right connecting portions 51a is joined to the other end (rear end) side portion of the main body portion 51c of the arm member 51 and to the substantially central portion in the left-right direction. It is formed so as to be inclined upward.
- the other end portion (upper end portion) of the pair of left and right connecting portions 51 a is connected to the distal end portion of the rod portion 53 a of the arm cylinder 53.
- the pair of left and right connecting portions 51a are inserted through rectangular openings formed in the upper plate 25.
- the base end portion of the arm cylinder 53 is rotated via a connecting shaft 54 to a cylinder support portion 25 a formed on the downstream side in the transport direction of the upper plate 25 and above the crushing mechanism 30.
- the tip end of the rod portion 53a of the arm cylinder 53 is rotatably connected to the other end of the pair of left and right connecting portions 51a via a connecting shaft 55.
- the hydraulic pressure for the arm cylinder 53 is supplied from the hydraulic pump 5 driven by the hydraulic pressure generating engine 6, and the amount of oil supply and discharge is controlled by the controller 7.
- the hydraulic pressure discharged from the hydraulic pump 5 passes through an oil passage 81 and passes through the valve unit 70 to each mechanism 30,
- the used hydraulic pressure supplied to 40 and 50 is recirculated through the oil passage 82 via the valve unit 70.
- the valve unit 70 includes first to third control valves 71 to 73.
- the first to third control valves 71 to 73 are configured such that the hydraulic supply direction and the hydraulic flow rate can be controlled by variable solenoids 71a to 73a and 71b to 73b connected to the controller 7, respectively.
- the first control valve 71 When the first motor 33a is rotated forward, the first control valve 71 is switched to the position 71c, and when the first motor 33a is rotated reversely, the first control valve 71 is switched to the position 71d. When the first motor 33a is stopped, the first control valve 71 is switched to the neutral position 71e. The same switching control is performed when the second motor 33b is mounted.
- the second control valve 72 When the transport motor 42 is rotated forward, the second control valve 72 is switched to the position 72c, and when the transport motor 42 is rotated reversely, the second control valve 72 is switched to the position 72d. When the transport motor 42 is stopped, the second control valve 72 is switched to the neutral position 72e.
- the third control valve 73 When the rod portion 53a of the arm cylinder 53 is extended, the third control valve 73 is switched to the position 73c, and when the rod portion 53a is shortened (contracted), the third control valve 73 is switched to the position 73d. When stopping the expansion / contraction operation of the rod portion 53a, the third control valve 73 is switched to the neutral position 73e. When the rod portion 53a is in the neutral operation (the telescopic neutral state), the third control valve 73 is switched to the position 73e, and the relief valve (not shown) connecting the cylinder passages 85a and 85b and the oil passage 82 is opened. The hydraulic pressure is drained from the cylinder passages 85a and 85b.
- Oil pressure sensors HS1 and HS2 are installed in the oil passages 81 and 82, respectively, and oil pressure sensors HS3 (second drive load detection means), HS4 (first drive load detection means) and cylinder passage 85a are installed in the motor passages 83a and 84a, respectively. Is provided with a hydraulic pressure sensor HS5.
- the oil pressure values (P1 to P5) detected by the oil pressure sensors HS1 to HS5 are output to the controller 7.
- the controller 7 performs various calculations based on the detection values of the hydraulic sensors HS1 to HS5, and outputs control signals to the variable solenoids 71a to 73a and 71b to 73b.
- the hydraulic flow rate supplied to each mechanism 30, 40, 50 can be switched linearly during transition to each operating position.
- the pressure difference (P1-P3) between the pump pressure P1 and the crushing motor pressure P3 is determined.
- the pressure difference (P1-P3) is equal to or less than the set pressure (for example, 4 MPa)
- the rotational speed of the hydraulic pump 5 has not increased sufficiently, for example, immediately after the start of processing, and the pump pressure P1
- the first control valve 71 is controlled based on the map shown in FIG. 11 so as to reduce the rotational speed of the first motor 33a (forward rotation state) when there is no allowance or when the crushing load is in an overload state. (S4), and then the process proceeds to S6.
- FIG. 11 is a map in which the hydraulic flow rate F1 supplied to the first motor 33a is set using the pressure difference (P1-P3) as a parameter.
- the pressure difference (P1-P3) increases when the crushing motor 33a is in a light load state, the hydraulic flow rate F1 is increased to increase the rotation speed, and when the crushing motor 33a is in an appropriate load state, the hydraulic flow rate F1 is maintained. To do. In the overload state, the pressure difference (P1-P3) becomes small, so the hydraulic flow rate F1 is decreased to reduce the rotational speed.
- the driving load of the first motor 33a is detected by the crushing motor pressure P3, and in the steps after S6, the conveyance speed for conveying the crushing object O based on the crushing motor pressure P3 (that is, the crushing object O Supply status).
- the crushing motor pressure P3 is equal to or lower than the set pressure (for example, 15 MPa)
- the processing capacity of the first motor 33a is sufficient, so the rotation speed of the transport motor 42 is increased based on the map of FIG. Then, the process proceeds to S10.
- the map of FIG. 12 sets the hydraulic flow rate F2 supplied to the conveyance motor 42 using the crushing motor pressure P3 as a parameter.
- the crushing motor pressure P3 is low and the crushing capacity is sufficient, the rotation speed of the conveyance motor 42 is increased.
- the crushing motor pressure P3 is within an appropriate range, the rotation speed of the conveyance motor 42 is maintained.
- P3 is large and overloaded, the rotation speed of the transport motor 42 is decreased.
- the crushing blade 32 When the result of the determination in S8 is No, the crushing blade 32 is not bitten, but the supply amount of the crushing object O is excessive, so the rotation speed of the transport motor 42 is reduced.
- the 2nd control valve 72 is controlled so that it may become the hydraulic flow rate F2 corresponding to the crushing motor pressure P3 (S9), and it transfers to S10 after that.
- S10 to S15 are steps for controlling the extension amount of the rod portion 53a of the arm cylinder 53 based on the transport motor pressure P4 and the cylinder pressure P5.
- the conveyance load of the conveyance motor 42 is detected by the conveyance motor pressure P4, and the conveyance motor pressure P4 is determined.
- the map in FIG. 13 is set so as to increase the extension amount of the rod portion 53a of the arm cylinder 53.
- the third control valve 73 is controlled, the arm 51 is swung downward from the current state (S11), and then the process returns.
- FIG. 13 sets the hydraulic flow rate F3 when the rod portion 53a of the arm cylinder 53 is extended or shortened using the conveyance motor pressure P4 as a parameter.
- the rod portion 53a is extended when the conveyance motor pressure P4 is small, and the rod portion 53a is maintained as it is when the conveyance motor pressure P4 is in an appropriate range.
- the rod portion 53a is controlled to the shortened side.
- the posture of the crushing device 20 is maintained at a predetermined gradient angle with respect to the horizon, so that a large amount of the crushing object O sliding down the bottom plate 26 does not collide with the crushing mechanism 30.
- the initial position is the lower limit position where the distance between the conveying roller 41 and the bottom plate 26 is minimized in the state in which the portion 53a is most extended. Therefore, immediately after the crushing process is started, control for increasing the separation distance between the transport roller 41 and the bottom plate 26 is performed.
- FIG. 14 sets the hydraulic flow rate F4 when the rod portion 53a of the arm cylinder 53 is extended or shortened using the cylinder pressure P5 as a parameter.
- This map has a characteristic of maintaining the rod portion 53a as it is when the cylinder pressure P5 is within a predetermined range and shortening the rod portion 53a when the cylinder pressure P5 becomes larger than the predetermined range.
- the pressing mechanism 50 includes an arm portion 51 that holds the transport mechanism 40 at one end side portion, a swing shaft 52 that pivotally supports the arm portion 51 on the main body frame 21, and Since the arm cylinder 53 connected to the other end portion of the arm 51 and capable of adjusting the pressing force of the conveying roller 41 against the object to be crushed O is provided, the object is crushed regardless of the external shape of the object to be crushed O or the like.
- the conveyance roller 41 can be pressed from the side against a surface substantially parallel to the conveyance direction of the object O.
- the controller 7 controls the driving force of the arm cylinder 53 (pressing force of the conveying roller) according to the conveying motor pressure P4 corresponding to the driving load of the conveying motor 42, the properties such as the conveying state and hardness of the crushing object O Accordingly, an appropriate positional relationship between the conveying roller 41 and the crushing object O can be set.
- the conveying roller 41 can press a surface substantially parallel to the conveying direction of the object to be crushed O from the side without obstructing the progress of the object to be crushed O. Can be reliably conveyed, and the crushing process can be executed.
- an appropriate pressing force according to the properties of the object to be crushed O can be applied to the object to be crushed O, sufficient pulling force for the object to be crushed O is ensured, the conveyance speed is reduced, and the crushing efficiency is reduced. Decline can be prevented.
- the control controller 7 reduces the pressing force of the conveyance roller 41, so that the crushing object O has a large outer shape.
- the crushing object O is conveyed to the crushing mechanism 30 by the annular blade portion 48 without being brought into contact with the upstream portion in the conveyance direction of the annular blade portion 48 installed on the conveyance roller 41 and stopped. Processing can be executed.
- a hydraulic sensor HS3 capable of detecting a crushing motor pressure P3 corresponding to the driving load of the first and second motors 33a and 33b is provided, and the controller 7 sets the driving load of the first and second motors 33a and 33b to a second setting.
- the conveyance motor 42 is controlled so as to slow the conveyance speed of the object to be crushed O.
- An excessive supply of the crushing object O can be detected using the crushing motor pressure P3 as a parameter, and an appropriate amount of the crushing object O can be supplied to the crushing mechanism 30.
- the crushing device 20 Since the main body frame 21 includes a holder portion 23 for slidably connecting the crushing device 20 to the distal end portion of the arm 10 of the excavator 1, the crushing device 20 is previously connected via the boom 8 and the arm 10 of the hydraulic excavator 1.
- the position of the crushing device 20 can be freely set by the bucket cylinder 14. Therefore, workability such as charging of the object to be crushed O and discharging of the crushed object after crushing can be improved.
- the crushing work can be performed in a place with a poor work environment such as an inclined land. Since the crushing device 20 itself does not require traveling means or a conveyor for conveying the object to be crushed, it is possible to reduce the size, weight, and manufacturing cost.
- the hopper 22 that can receive the crushed object O is provided and the hopper 22 is detachably provided on the upstream side of the conveyance mechanism 40 of the main body frame 21 in the conveying direction, the long crushed object O is provided. Therefore, it is possible to reliably supply to the crushing mechanism 30 via the transport mechanism 40. Moreover, if a plurality of types of hoppers 22 are prepared, it is advantageous because the hopper 22 suitable for the object to be crushed O can be used.
- the crushing motor is detachably attached to a first motor 33a for light load that is detachably attached to one end portion of the rotating shaft 34 of the crushing rotor 31 and to the other end portion of the rotating shaft 34 of the crushing rotor 31.
- the first motor 33a for light load and the second motor for heavy load that drive the crushing rotor 31 according to the properties such as the supply amount and hardness of the crushing object O. 33b can be switched, and crushing efficiency can be increased.
- a cylinder switch 56 capable of selecting an operation mode of the arm cylinder 53 from a plurality of operation modes (extension mode, neutral mode, shortening mode) is installed in the cab of the hydraulic excavator 1A. Yes. A selection signal from the cylinder switch 56 is output to the controller 7A. Therefore, the operator can expand and contract the arm cylinder 53 in a predetermined operation mode by selecting the cylinder switch 56.
- S21 it is determined whether or not the cylinder switch 56 is turned on.
- the process proceeds to S22 to determine which operation mode is selected. If the result of determination in S21 is that no on-operation has been made, processing returns. If the extension mode is selected as a result of the determination in S22, the controller 7A extends the rod portion 53a by a predetermined amount so as to swing the arm portion 51 downward (S23), and then returns.
- the arm cylinder 53 is switched to the neutral operation so as to swing the arm 51 downward by its own weight (S22), and the process returns.
- the control controller 7A does not control the hydraulic pressure of the arm cylinder 53, and the rod portion 53a can be expanded and contracted.
- the controller 7A shortens the rod portion 53a by a predetermined amount so as to swing the arm portion 51 upward (S23), and returns.
- the operator can arbitrarily extend and contract the arm cylinder 53 while looking at the work situation and the operation monitor 7a.
- the hydraulic excavator 1B includes an excavator-side controller 1a, a hydraulic pedal 1b (changeover switch), an auto-dezel hydraulic sensor (not shown), a crushing device 20B-side control controller 7B, and the like.
- the excavator-side controller 1a is configured to be able to adjust the rotation speed of the hydraulic pressure generating engine 6 by an operation signal of the hydraulic pedal 1b or the like by the operator, and when the hydraulic pedal 1b has not been operated for a predetermined time, It has an auto-dezel function that automatically controls the rotational speed to the idle state.
- the hydraulic pedal 1b can adjust the supply amount of hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic pump 5 to operation members such as the boom cylinder 9, the arm cylinder 11, and the bucket cylinder 14 by the amount of depression.
- the oil pressure sensor for auto-dezel is arranged between the hydraulic pump 5 and the operation member, and is configured to detect the hydraulic pressure supplied to the operation member and output it to the excavator-side controller 1a.
- the excavator-side controller 1a determines the operation of the hydraulic pedal 1b based on the output signal of the auto-dezel hydraulic sensor, and determines whether or not the auto-dezel function can be started.
- the controller 7B has a crushing motor pressure P3 equal to or lower than a set pressure (for example, 5 MPa) corresponding to the third set load for a predetermined time (for example, 5 sec) or longer and equal to or lower than a set pressure (for example, 5 MPa) corresponding to the third set load.
- a set pressure for example, 5 MPa
- the set pressure of the crushing motor pressure P3 and the set pressure of the transport motor pressure P4 may be set to different pressures.
- the controller 7B continues the crushing motor pressure P3 that is equal to or lower than the set pressure for a predetermined time and the conveyance motor pressure P4 that is equal to or lower than the set pressure is predetermined.
- the output of the detection signal of the auto-dezel hydraulic sensor to the excavator-side controller 1a is prohibited.
- the hydraulic pressure generating engine 6 can be automatically switched from the operating state to the idle state, and the energy consumption can be suppressed.
- the crushing motor pressure P3 and the conveyance motor pressure P4 are generated, so that the hydraulic pressure generating engine 6 is returned from the idle state to the operating state.
- the hopper 22 is detachably attached to the main body frame 1 has been described as an example.
- the hopper 22 may be configured integrally with the main body frame 1. 2]
- the example in which the object to be crushed is sandwiched between the transport roller and the bottom wall and transported has been described.
- a plurality of driven rollers pivotally supported at the upstream position in the transport direction of the fixed blade are provided. Is also possible. In this case, it is possible to work even if the crushing device is arranged in a substantially horizontal state.
- a plurality of partial cylindrical convex portions may be formed on the surface of the bottom wall, and the bottom wall may be configured in a wave shape.
- the first and second motors that can be attached to and detached from the crushing mechanism are provided, the first and second motors are selectively used according to the crushing object, and the motor that is not used is removed.
- a clutch mechanism may be provided between the first and second motors and the rotation shaft, respectively, and the connection state between the first and second motors and the rotation shaft may be switched and controlled by the clutch mechanism.
- the present invention relates to a crushing device capable of crushing a tree-type crushing object such as bamboo, thinned wood, waste wood, etc. into a chip shape, and controls the driving force of an arm driving means according to the driving load of a transport motor. Therefore, the crushing object can be reliably conveyed to the crushing mechanism regardless of the outer shape of the crushing object, and an appropriate pressing force according to the properties of the crushing object can be applied to the crushing object. it can.
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Abstract
Description
前記搬送機構は、破砕対象物を搬送する送りコンベアと、破砕対象物を押圧可能な搬送ローラ(押えローラ)と、この搬送ローラを回転駆動可能な駆動モータと、搬送ローラを一端側部分に保持すると共に他端側部分が本体フレームに回転軸を介して回転自在に枢支されたアーム部と、このアーム部を揺動可能な油圧シリンダを備えている。
前記破砕装置は、キャタピラからなる左右1対の走行体を介して自走する構成であり、且つ送りコンベアを介して破砕対象物を搬送する構成であるため、傾斜地などの作業環境の悪い場所における破砕対象物の受け入れ作業と破砕作業に適していない。 例えば、破砕対象物の受け入れや破砕した破砕物の排出を容易にするために、装置全体を機敏に動かすことができない。
そして、前記破砕装置は、搬送ローラを支持する支持部材に連結された油圧シリンダにより、送りコンベアと搬送ローラの間の隙間を調整するように構成してある。そのため、破砕対象物の太さに応じて、油圧シリンダのストロークを調節しなければならないが、その油圧シリンダのストローク調節のために、オペレータの負担が大きくなる。
請求項4の発明は、請求項1又は2の発明において、前記破砕モータの駆動負荷を検出可能な第2駆動負荷検出手段を備え、前記制御手段は、前記破砕モータの駆動負荷が第2設定負荷より大きいとき、破砕対象物の搬送速度を遅くするように前記搬送モータを制御することを特徴としている。
押圧機構が、搬送機構を一端側部分に保持したアーム部と、このアーム部を本体フレームに揺動可能に枢支した揺動軸と、アーム部の他端側部分に連結され破砕対象物に対する搬送ローラの押圧力を調整可能なアーム駆動手段を備えているため、破砕対象物の種類に応じて搬送ローラの押圧力を調整しつつ、破砕対象物を円滑に破砕機構の方へ搬送することができる。
請求項4の発明によれば、破砕モータの駆動負荷が第2設定負荷よりも大きいとき、破砕対象物の搬送速度を遅くするため、過剰供給とならない適正量の破砕対象物を破砕機構へ供給することができる。
尚、以下の実施例において、ショベル系掘削機の操作者から見た前後方向を前後方向とし、図における上下方向を上下方向とし、図における左右方向を左右方向として説明する。
図1に示すように、ショベル系掘削機である油圧ショベル1は、1対のクローラ2を備えた下部走行体3と、この下部走行体3の上部に旋回自在に装備されて操作者が乗り込む運転室を備えた上部旋回体4とを有している。上部旋回体4の後部には、油圧供給源として油圧ポンプ5と、油圧ポンプ5を駆動する油圧発生用エンジン6と後述する破砕装置20の作動を制御する制御コントローラ7(制御手段)と、破砕装置20に対する油圧の供給・排出を切換えるバルブユニット70が配置されている。
以上により、連結ピン13,15,17,19とHリンク16とサイドリンク18を含む四節リンク機構が構成され、バケットシリンダ14を図1に示す初期状態から伸長、収縮させることにより、破砕装置20を連結ピン13を中心として上下方向へ揺動駆動可能に構成している。
各破砕刃32は、夫々、ブラケット37を介して破砕ロータ31に固定されている。これらブラケット37には、破砕刃32の顎部32aと面により当接可能なフランジ部37aが形成されている。これらフランジ部37aは、破砕ロータ31の半径方向の延長線に対して0度以上90度未満、例えば45度の傾斜角を形成するように構成されている。これにより、破砕時、破砕刃32に作用する応力をブラケット37を介して破砕ロータ31へ効果的に分散することができる。また、メンテナンス時、個々の破砕刃32の交換を容易にできる。
図8に示すように、油圧ポンプ5から吐出された油圧(但し、本明細書では、圧縮状態の作動油を意味する。)は、油路81を通りバルブユニット70を介して各機構30,40,50に供給され、使用済の油圧は、バルブユニット70を介して油路82を通り還流される。バルブユニット70は、第1~第3制御弁71~73を備えている。第1~第3制御弁71~73は、夫々、制御コントローラ7に接続された可変ソレノイド71a~73a,71b~73bにより油圧の供給方向と油圧流量を制御可能に構成されている。
搬送モータ42を正回転させるとき、第2制御弁72は位置72cへ切換えられ、搬送モータ42を逆回転させるとき、第2制御弁72は位置72dへ切換えられる。搬送モータ42を停止させるとき、第2制御弁72は中立の位置72eへ切換えられる。
S3の判定の結果、前記の圧力差(P1-P3)が設定圧力(例えば4MPa)以下の場合、例えば、処理開始直後など油圧ポンプ5の回転数が十分に上昇しておらず、ポンプ圧P1に余裕が無い場合、或いは破砕負荷が過負荷状態の場合など、第1モータ33a(正転状態)の回転数を低下させるように第1制御弁71を図11に示すマップに基づいて制御し(S4)、その後S6へ移行する。
S6の判定の結果、破砕モータ圧P3が設定圧力(例えば15MPa)以下の場合、第1モータ33aの処理能力に余裕があるため、図12のマップに基づいて、搬送モータ42の回転数を上昇させ、その後S10へ移行する。
S10の判定の結果、搬送モータ圧P4が設定圧力(例えば10MPa)以下の場合、搬送能力に余裕があるため、アームシリンダ53のロッド部53aの伸長量を増大させるように、図13のマップに基づいて第3制御弁73を制御し、アーム部51を現在の状態よりも下方へ揺動させ(S11)、その後リターンする。
尚、破砕モータとして第1モータ33aに代えて第2モータ33bを装着した場合、前述と同様の制御を行う。
本破砕装置20によれば、押圧機構50が、搬送機構40を一端側部分に保持したアーム部51と、このアーム部51を本体フレーム21に揺動可能に枢支した揺動軸52と、アーム部51の他端側部分に連結され破砕対象物Oに対する搬送ローラ41の押圧力を調整可能なアームシリンダ53を備えているため、破砕対象物Oの外形形状等の性状に拘わらず、破砕対象物Oの搬送方向に略平行な面に対して搬送ローラ41を側方から押圧することができる。制御コントローラ7が搬送モータ42の駆動負荷に相当する搬送モータ圧P4に応じてアームシリンダ53の駆動力(搬送ローラの押圧力)を制御するため、破砕対象物Oの搬送状態や硬度等の性状に応じて搬送ローラ41と破砕対象物Oとの適正な位置関係を設定できる。
図15に示すように、油圧ショベル1Aの運転室には、複数の動作モード(伸長モード、中立モード、短縮モード)の中からアームシリンダ53の動作モードを選択可能なシリンダスイッチ56が設置されている。シリンダスイッチ56による選択信号は、制御コントローラ7Aに出力される。それ故、操作者はシリンダスイッチ56の選択によりアームシリンダ53を所定の動作モードで伸縮作動させることができる。
S21の判定の結果、シリンダスイッチ56がオン操作された場合、S22へ移行して何れの動作モードが選択されたか判定する。S21の判定の結果、オン操作されない場合、リターンする。S22の判定の結果、伸長モードが選択されている場合、制御コントローラ7Aはアーム部51を下方へ揺動するようロッド部53aを所定量伸長して(S23)、リターンする。
制御コントローラ7Aは、アームシリンダ53の油圧を制御することなく、ロッド部53aは伸縮自在にされている。
油圧ショベル1Bは、ショベル側コントローラ1aと、油圧ペダル1b(切換スイッチ)と、オートデゼル用油圧センサ(図示略)と、破砕装置20B側制御コントローラ7B等を備えている。
尚、破砕対象物Oが破砕装置20Bに投入された場合、破砕モータ圧P3と搬送モータ圧P4が発生するため、油圧発生用エンジン6はアイドル状態から稼働状態に復帰される。
・ 前記実施例では、ホッパ22を本体フレーム1に着脱可能に取り付けた場合を例にして説明したが、ホッパ22を本体フレーム1と一体的に構成してもよい。
2]前記実施例では、破砕対象物を搬送ローラと底壁に挟み込んで搬送する例について説明したが、固定刃の搬送方向上流側位置に回転自在に枢支された複数の従動ローラを設けることも可能である。この場合、破砕装置を略水平状態に配置しても作業することができる。また、底壁の表面上に複数の部分円筒状の凸部を形成し、底壁を波形状に構成しても良い。
1a ショベル側コントローラ
1b 油圧ペダル
6 油圧発生用エンジン
7,7A,7B 制御コントローラ
7b 自動運転モードスイッチ
10 アーム
14 バケットシリンダ
20,20A,20B 破砕装置
21 本体フレーム
22 ホッパ
23 ホルダー部
29 固定刃
30 破砕機構
31 破砕ロータ
32 破砕刃
33a 第1モータ
33b 第2モータ
34 回転軸
40 搬送機構
41 搬送ローラ
42 搬送モータ
50 押圧機構
51 アーム部
52 揺動軸
53 アームシリンダ
S3,S4 油圧センサ
O 破砕対象物
Claims (6)
- ショベル系掘削機のアームの先端部に揺動可能に連結される本体フレームと、この本体フレームに設置された固定刃と、この固定刃と協働して搬入された破砕対象物を破砕可能な破砕刃とを備えた破砕装置において、
前記本体フレームに回転可能に枢支された破砕ロータと、この破砕ロータの外周部分に装着された複数の破砕刃と、前記破砕ロータを回転軸回りに回転駆動可能な破砕モータを備えた破砕機構と、
前記破砕機構の上流側位置に設けられ且つ破砕対象物を押圧しながら前記破砕機構側へ搬送可能な搬送ローラと、この搬送ローラを回転駆動可能な搬送モータを備えた搬送機構と、
前記搬送機構を一端側部分に保持したアーム部と、このアーム部を前記本体フレームに揺動可能に枢支する揺動軸と、前記アーム部の他端側部分に連結され破砕対象物に対する前記搬送ローラの押圧力を調整可能なアーム駆動手段を備えた押圧機構と、
投入された破砕対象物受け入れ可能なホッパであって、前記搬送機構よりも搬送方向上流側部分において前記本体フレームに着脱可能又は一体的に設けられたホッパと、
を備えたことを特徴とする破砕装置。 - [規則91に基づく訂正 30.08.2011]
前記搬送モータの駆動負荷を検出可能な第1駆動負荷検出手段と、
前記搬送モータの駆動負荷に応じて前記アーム駆動手段の駆動力を制御する制御手段とを備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の破砕装置。 - [規則91に基づく訂正 30.08.2011]
前記制御手段は、前記搬送モータの駆動負荷が第1設定負荷より大きいとき、前記搬送ローラの押圧力を小さくすることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の破砕装置。 - [規則91に基づく訂正 30.08.2011]
前記破砕モータの駆動負荷を検出可能な第2駆動負荷検出手段を備え、
前記制御手段は、前記破砕モータの駆動負荷が第2設定負荷より大きいとき、破砕対象物の搬送速度を遅くするように前記搬送モータを制御することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の破砕装置。 - 前記破砕モータと前記搬送モータが夫々油圧モータで構成され、
少なくとも前記破砕モータと搬送モータに供給する油圧を発生させる油圧ポンプと、
前記油圧ポンプを駆動する油圧発生用エンジンと、
前記油圧発生用エンジンの運転状態をアイドル状態とアイドル状態よりエンジン回転数の大きな稼働状態に切換え可能な切換スイッチを備え、
前記切換スイッチが稼働状態に設定された場合であっても、前記破砕モータと前記搬送モータの駆動負荷が第3設定負荷より小さいとき、前記油圧発生用エンジンを稼働状態からアイドル状態に切換えることを特徴とする請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載の破砕装置。 - 前記破砕モータは、前記破砕ロータの回転軸の一側端部に着脱可能に装着される軽負荷用の第1モータと前記破砕ロータの回転軸の他側端部に着脱可能に装着される重負荷用の第2モータを有することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の破砕装置。
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Cited By (4)
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JP2015123382A (ja) * | 2013-12-25 | 2015-07-06 | 株式会社松井製作所 | 破砕機 |
JP2015188770A (ja) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-11-02 | リョービ株式会社 | ガーデンシュレッダ |
CN108837913A (zh) * | 2018-08-11 | 2018-11-20 | 刘振阳 | 一种新能源助力垃圾破碎机 |
JP2020124826A (ja) * | 2019-02-03 | 2020-08-20 | 株式会社大橋 | 樹木粉砕機 |
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WO2014160041A1 (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2014-10-02 | Husqvarna Ab | Riding lawn care vehicle auto idle system |
CN109127039B (zh) * | 2018-08-21 | 2021-06-18 | 安徽工程大学 | 青草饲料切割方法 |
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