WO2012010017A1

WO2012010017A1 - Method and system for implementing antenna selection in multiple input multiple output relay system

Info

Publication number: WO2012010017A1
Application number: PCT/CN2011/075524
Authority: WO
Inventors: 梁枫; 毕峰; 吴栓栓; 袁明; 杨瑾; 李国红
Original assignee: 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority date: 2010-07-21
Filing date: 2011-06-09
Publication date: 2012-01-26
Also published as: CN102340340A

Abstract

A method and system for implementing antenna selection in Multiple Input Multiple Output relay system are provided in the present invention, wherein, transmitting antennas for a relay node and a source node can be respectively selected according to Signal Noise Ratio; the corresponding relay node and source node are respectively notified of the selected antennas; and the notified transmitting antennas are used respectively by the relay node and source node to transmit signal. Both the method and the system of the present invention can ensure that the relay node and source node, which act as transmitting nodes, only select one antenna from multiple antennas to transmit signal, and can produce obviously less amount of feedback information than that of the traditional technology solution; and thus the design complexity can be decreased effectively.

Description

在 MIMO中继***中实现天线选择的方法和*** 技术领域 Method and system for implementing antenna selection in MIMO relay system

本发明涉及通信领域，具体涉及在多输入多输出（ MIMO )中继***中实现天线选择的方法和***。背景技术 The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a method and system for implementing antenna selection in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) relay system. Background technique

中继技术通过在发节点和收节点附近部署若干个中继来提高无线链路的传输速率及传输可靠性，并且可以增加***的覆盖范围和鲁棒性。该技术通过充分利用无线信道的广播特性，在不增加***复杂度的情况下不仅降低了终端节点的功耗、带宽、还可以明显提高***的频谱效率、吞吐率、以及容量。中继技术在无线传感器网络（WSN )、无线 Ad Hoc 网、无线 Mesh网、以及蜂窝网等***中有着广泛的应用前景，并将成为下一代无线通信***融合多种异构网络的关键技术。在中继***中，比较常见的中继协议有放大转发（AF )协议和译码转发（DF )协议。其中， AF协议的中继节点不用译码，只需对接收信号进行放大转发即可。而 DF协议的中继节点需要对接收信号进行译码和重新编码。为了避免错误传播，中继节点译码后需要对数据进行循环冗余校验校验（CRC )。如果校验成功，则该中继参加协作传输，否则不参加。 The relay technology improves the transmission rate and transmission reliability of the wireless link by deploying several relays near the transmitting node and the receiving node, and can increase the coverage and robustness of the system. By making full use of the broadcast characteristics of the wireless channel, the technology not only reduces the power consumption and bandwidth of the terminal node, but also significantly improves the spectrum efficiency, throughput, and capacity of the system without increasing system complexity. Relay technology has broad application prospects in wireless sensor network (WSN), wireless Ad Hoc network, wireless Mesh network, and cellular network, and will become the key technology for the integration of multiple heterogeneous networks in next-generation wireless communication systems. In the relay system, the more common relay protocols are the Amplification and Forwarding (AF) protocol and the Decoding and Forwarding (DF) protocol. Among them, the relay node of the AF protocol does not need to be decoded, and only needs to amplify and forward the received signal. The relay node of the DF protocol needs to decode and re-encode the received signal. In order to avoid error propagation, the relay node needs to perform cyclic redundancy check (CRC) on the data after decoding. If the verification is successful, the relay participates in the cooperative transmission, otherwise it does not participate.

在多输入多输出（MIMO )***中，当发射节点可以获取准确的信道状态信息（CSI ) 时，利用波束成型（BF )可以增强 MIMO***的性能。 BF 可以在模拟域改变每个天线阵元的辐射方向从而得到最佳的方向图，也可以在数字域对基带信号进行加权运算从而得到最优的发送信号。 In a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, beamforming (BF) can enhance the performance of a MIMO system when the transmitting node can acquire accurate channel state information (CSI). BF can change the radiation direction of each antenna element in the analog domain to get the best direction image, and can also weight the baseband signal in the digital domain to get the optimal transmission signal.

在釆用 BF技术的 MIMO中继***当中，为了使发射节点得到最佳 BF 矢量，首先就是必须要求接收节点能够准确估计 CSI, 同时利用优化算法求得最佳的发送信号矢量。而这将极大地增加接收节点的设计复杂度；此外，由于 BF技术要求发射节点利用所有的天线同时发射信号，所以要求发射节点不但具有多部天线，同时还要具有多路的射频链路，成本过于高昂。发明内容 In the MIMO relay system using BF technology, in order to get the best BF vector for the transmitting node, the first thing is to require the receiving node to accurately estimate the CSI, and use the optimization algorithm to find The best transmitted signal vector. This will greatly increase the design complexity of the receiving node; in addition, since the BF technology requires the transmitting node to use all the antennas to simultaneously transmit signals, the transmitting node is required to have not only multiple antennas but also multiple RF links. The cost is too high. Summary of the invention

有鉴于此，本发明的主要目的在于提供一种在 MIMO中继***中实现天线选择的方法和***，均保证发射节点只在多个天线中选择一个天线发射信号，产生明显少于传统 BF技术方案的反馈信息量，降低设计复杂度。 In view of this, the main object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for implementing antenna selection in a MIMO relay system, which both ensure that a transmitting node selects only one antenna from multiple antennas to transmit signals, resulting in significantly less than conventional BF technology. The amount of feedback information on the solution reduces design complexity.

为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案是这样实现的： In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

一种在多输入多输出 MIMO中继***中实现天线选择的方法，该方法包括： A method for implementing antenna selection in a multiple input multiple output MIMO relay system, the method comprising:

根据信噪比 SNR分别为中继节点以及源节点选择发射天线，并将所选择的发射天线分别通知相应的中继节点和源节点； Selecting a transmit antenna for the relay node and the source node according to the SNR, and notifying the selected relay antenna and the source node respectively;

中继节点以及源节点分别使用被通知的发射天线进行信号发射。 The relay node and the source node respectively use the notified transmit antenna for signal transmission.

其中，为中继节点选择发射天线的过程包括： The process of selecting a transmit antenna for the relay node includes:

目的节点测量中继节点各个或各组天线到目的节点的信道质量，选择其中最优的信道质量所对应的中继节点的天线或天线组，作为中继节点选择的发射天线； The destination node measures channel quality of each antenna group or group of antennas of the relay node to the destination node, and selects an antenna or an antenna group of the relay node corresponding to the optimal channel quality, as the transmitting antenna selected by the relay node;

为源节点选择发射天线的过程包括： The process of selecting a transmit antenna for a source node includes:

方式一：目的节点获取源节点各个或各组天线与所选定的中继节点的天线或天线组进行协作传输的等效信道质量，选择其中最优的等效信道质量所对应的源节点的天线或天线组，作为源节点选择的发射天线；或者，方式二：目的节点测量源节点各个或各组天线到目的节点的信道质量，选择其中最优的信道质量所对应的源节点的天线或天线组，作为源节点选择的发射天线；或者， Manner 1: The destination node obtains the equivalent channel quality of the antenna or antenna group of each or each group of antennas of the source node and the selected relay node, and selects the source node corresponding to the optimal equivalent channel quality. Antenna or antenna group, as the transmit antenna selected by the source node; or, mode 2: The destination node measures the channel quality of each or each group of antennas of the source node to the destination node, and selects the antenna of the source node corresponding to the optimal channel quality or Antenna group, a transmit antenna selected as a source node; or

方式三：中继节点测量源节点各个或各组天线到中继节点的信道质量 , 选择其中最优的信道质量所对应的源节点的天线或天线组，作为源节点选择的发射天线。 Manner 3: The relay node measures the channel quality of each or each group of antennas of the source node to the relay node, The antenna or antenna group of the source node corresponding to the optimal channel quality is selected as the transmit antenna selected by the source node.

其中，为中继节点选择发射天线的所述过程包括： The process of selecting a transmit antenna for a relay node includes:

中继节点从第 (^1≤"^)个/组发送天线向目的节点发送训练序列 x = [_Xl,--,_Xl,--x_L]^T . 并且，利用已知的训练序列 X , 目的节点估计出接收 The relay node transmits a training sequence x = [ _Xl , --, _Xl , _--x _L ] ^T from the ( ^{1 ≤} "^)/group transmit antennas to the destination node. And, using the known training sequence X, the purpose Node estimated to receive

SNR^; SNR^;

重复上述操作，直到由目的节点从，…，^中选出最大的一个，并将相应的天线或天线组标识 ^所对应的发射天线作为中继节点选择的发射天线； Repeat the above operation until the largest one is selected by the destination node from ..., ^, and the corresponding antenna or antenna group identification corresponding to the transmitting antenna is used as the transmitting antenna selected by the relay node;

为源节点选择发射天线的所述过程中， In the process of selecting a transmit antenna for the source node,

所述方式一包括：源节点从第 ^1≤i≤N 个 /组发送天线向中继节点和目的节点发送训练序列 ^{χ =} [^Χι，···，^χ'，···^; 中继节点估计出信道状态信息 CSI并对接收信号进行最大比合并；中继节点从第个 /组天线向目的节点发送

目的节点对接收信号进行 MMSE合并，同时估计出合并输出信号的 SNR^; The embodiment comprises a: transmitting from the source node ^1≤i≤N / group antennas transmits a training sequence ^[chi] to the relay node and the destination node ^{^{^{= [Χι, ···, χ '}}} , ··· ^; relay node Estimating the channel state information CSI and performing maximum ratio combining on the received signal; the relay node transmitting from the first/group antenna to the destination node

The destination node performs MMSE combining on the received signal, and simultaneously estimates the SNR^ of the combined output signal;

重复所述方式一的操作，直到 ⁼ ; 由目的节点从中选出最大的一个，并将相应的天线或天线组标识 I所对应的发射天线作为源节点选择的发射天线； Repeating the operation of the mode 1 until ⁼ ; the largest one is selected by the destination node, and the corresponding antenna or the antenna corresponding to the antenna group identifier I is used as the transmitting antenna selected by the source node;

所述方式二包括：源节点从第 "^{1≤ ≤A}^)个 /组发送天线广播The second method includes: the source node sends antenna broadcasts from the first " ^{1 ≤ ≤ A} ^" groups/groups

X = [X₁,--,X_!,--X . 并且，利用已知的训练序列 X , 中继节点估计出信道 , 目的节点估计出信道和接收 SNR ; X = [X ₁ , --, X _! , --X . And, using the known training sequence X, the relay node estimates the channel, and the destination node estimates the channel and the received SNR;

重复所述方式二的操作，直到 ⁼ ; 由目的节点从，…，中选出最大的一个，并将相应的天线或天线组标识 I所对应的发射天线作为源节点选择的发射天线；所述方式三包括：源节点从第 "^{1≤ ≤}^)个 /组发送天线广播 x = [_Xl,--,_Xl,--x_L]^T . 并且，利用已知的训练序列 X , 目的节点估计出信道 , 中继节点估计出信道 ^和接收 SNR ^； Repeating the operation of the second mode until ⁼ ; selecting the largest one from the destination node, and selecting the corresponding antenna or the antenna corresponding to the antenna group identifier I as the transmitting antenna selected by the source node; The third method includes: the source node sends an antenna broadcast from the first " ^{1 ≤ ≤} ^" groups/groups x = [ _Xl , --, _Xl , _--x _L ] ^T . And, using the known training sequence X, the purpose The node estimates the channel, and the relay node estimates the channel ^ and the received SNR ^;

重复所述方式三的操作，直到 ⁼ ; 由中继节点从，···，中选出最大的一个，并将相应的天线或天线组标识 I所对应的发射天线作为源节点选择的发射天线。 Repeat the operation of the third mode until ⁼ ; the largest one is selected by the relay node from , and the corresponding antenna or the transmitting antenna corresponding to the antenna group identifier I is used as the transmitting antenna selected by the source node. .

其中，该方法还包括：根据所能获得的分集增益阶数，决定由目的节点或中继节点为源节点进行发射天线选择。 The method further includes: determining, according to the diversity gain order that can be obtained, the transmit antenna selection by the destination node or the relay node as the source node.

其中，由目的节点为源节点进行发射天线选择时，所能获得的分集增益阶数为^ + ^; 由中继节点为源节点进行发射天线选择时，所能获得的分集增益阶数为 N_{D +}N_{R Ns},N_D、., Wherein, when the destination node selects the transmit antenna as the source node, the diversity gain order can be obtained as ^ + ^; when the relay node selects the transmit antenna as the source node, the diversity gain order that can be obtained is N _{D +} N _{R Ns} , N _D , .,

根据所能获得的分集增益阶数，决定由目的节点或中继节点为源节点进行发射天线选择的过程包括：如^ ^{N N ≥} (^{N N} u、、 , 则由目的节点为源节点进行发射天线选择；否则，由中继节点为源节点进行发射天线选择。 According to the diversity gain order that can be obtained, the process of determining the transmit antenna selection by the destination node or the relay node as the source node includes: If ^ ^{NN ≥} ( ^NN u, , , the destination node is the source node for transmitting antenna selection Otherwise, the transmit node is selected by the relay node for the source node.

其中，对选择的发射天线进行所述通知时，指定选择的所述发射天线的索引。 Wherein, when the notification is performed on the selected transmitting antenna, the index of the selected transmitting antenna is specified.

一种在 ΜΙΜΟ中继***中实现天线选择的***，该***包括发射天线选择单元、源节点、目的节点；其中， A system for implementing antenna selection in a ΜΙΜΟ relay system, the system comprising a transmit antenna selection unit, a source node, and a destination node;

所述发射天线选择单元，用于根据信噪比分别为中继节点以及源节点选择发射天线，并将所选择的发射天线分别通知相应的中继节点和源节点；所述中继节点以及源节点，用于分别使用被通知的发射天线进行信号发射。 The transmitting antenna selecting unit is configured to select a transmitting antenna for the relay node and the source node according to the signal to noise ratio, and notify the selected relay antenna and the source node respectively to the selected transmitting antenna; the relay node and the source A node, configured to perform signal transmission using the notified transmit antenna, respectively.

其中，在为中继节点选择发射天线时，所述发射天线选择单元用于：测量中继节点各个或各组天线到目的节点的信道质量，选择其中最优的信道质量所对应的中继节点的天线或天线组，作为中继节点选择的发射天线； Wherein, when selecting a transmitting antenna for the relay node, the transmitting antenna selecting unit is configured to: measure channel quality of each antenna group or each group of antennas to the destination node, and select an optimal one. The antenna or antenna group of the relay node corresponding to the channel quality, and the transmitting antenna selected as the relay node;

在为源节点选择发射天线时，所述发射天线选择单元用于： When a transmit antenna is selected for the source node, the transmit antenna selection unit is used to:

应用方式一时：获取源节点各个或各组天线与所选定的中继节点的天线或天线组进行协作传输的等效信道质量，选择其中最优的等效信道质量所对应的源节点的天线或天线组，作为源节点选择的发射天线； Application mode 1: Obtain the equivalent channel quality of the antenna or antenna group of each or each group of antennas of the source node and the selected relay node, and select the antenna of the source node corresponding to the optimal equivalent channel quality. Or an antenna group, a transmit antenna selected as a source node;

应用方式二时：测量源节点各个或各组天线到目的节点的信道质量，选择其中最优的信道质量所对应的源节点的天线或天线组，作为源节点选择的发射天线； In the second mode of application, the channel quality of each source group or groups of antennas of the source node is measured, and the antenna or antenna group of the source node corresponding to the optimal channel quality is selected as the transmit antenna selected by the source node;

应用方式三时：测量源节点各个或各组天线到中继节点的信道质量，选择其中最优的信道质量所对应的源节点的天线或天线组，作为源节点选择的发射天线。 Application mode 3: Measure the channel quality of each or each group of antennas from the source node to the relay node, and select the antenna or antenna group of the source node corresponding to the optimal channel quality as the transmit antenna selected by the source node.

其中，发射天线选择单元包括中继节点侧天线选择单元、目的节点侧天线选择单元；其中， The transmit antenna selection unit includes a relay node side antenna selection unit and a destination node side antenna selection unit;

所述中继节点侧天线选择单元设置于中继节点中，用于为源节点选择发射天线，并将所选择的发射天线通知相应的源节点； The relay node side antenna selection unit is disposed in the relay node, configured to select a transmit antenna for the source node, and notify the corresponding source node of the selected transmit antenna;

所述目的节点侧天线选择单元设置于目的节点中，用于为中继节点和源节点选择发射天线，并将所选择的发射天线分别通知相应的中继节点和源节点。 The destination node side antenna selection unit is disposed in the destination node, configured to select a transmit antenna for the relay node and the source node, and notify the corresponding relay node and the source node respectively.

其中，所述发射天线选择单元还用于：根据所能获得的分集增益阶数，决定由中继节点侧天线选择单元或目的节点侧天线选择单元为源节点进行发射天线选择。 The transmit antenna selection unit is further configured to: determine, according to the diversity gain order that can be obtained, the transmit antenna selection by the relay node side antenna selection unit or the destination node side antenna selection unit as the source node.

本发明在 MIMO中继***中实现天线选择的技术，均可保证作为发射节点的中继节点和源节点只在多个天线中选择一个天线发射信号，能够产生明显少于传统 BF技术方案的反馈信息量，因而可以有效降低设计复杂度。附图说明 The technology for implementing antenna selection in the MIMO relay system can ensure that the relay node and the source node as the transmitting node select only one antenna to transmit signals, which can generate feedback that is significantly less than the traditional BF technical solution. The amount of information can effectively reduce the complexity of the design Degree. DRAWINGS

图 1为现有技术的 MIMO中继***的网络模型示意图； 1 is a schematic diagram of a network model of a prior art MIMO relay system;

图 2为本发明一实施例的为中继节点选择天线的流程图； 2 is a flowchart of selecting an antenna for a relay node according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图 3为本发明一实施例的为源节点选择天线的流程图； 3 is a flowchart of selecting an antenna for a source node according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图 4为本发明又一实施例的为源节点选择天线的流程图； 4 is a flowchart of selecting an antenna for a source node according to still another embodiment of the present invention;

图 5为本发明再一实施例的为源节点选择天线的流程图； FIG. 5 is a flowchart of selecting an antenna for a source node according to still another embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

图 6为本发明的天线选择流程简图； 6 is a schematic diagram of an antenna selection process of the present invention;

图 7为本发明一实施例的天线选择***图。具体实施方式 FIG. 7 is a diagram of an antenna selection system according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description

总体而言，在 MIMO中继***中，为了降低 BF算法的实现复杂度，可以进行基于有限反馈的发射天线选择操作。对于源节点以及中继节点都具有两个或两个以上天线或天线组的网络，可以进行如下操作： In general, in the MIMO relay system, in order to reduce the implementation complexity of the BF algorithm, a transmit antenna selection operation based on limited feedback can be performed. For a network where the source node and the relay node have two or more antennas or antenna groups, you can do the following:

目的节点为中继节点进行发射天线选择，并向中继节点指示选定的发射天线索引；目的节点为源节点进行发射天线选择，并向源节点指示选定的发射天线索引，或者，中继节点为源节点进行发射天线选择，并向源节点指示选定的发射天线索引； The destination node performs a transmit antenna selection for the relay node, and indicates the selected transmit antenna index to the relay node; the destination node selects the transmit antenna for the source node, and indicates the selected transmit antenna index to the source node, or relays The node performs transmit antenna selection for the source node and indicates the selected transmit antenna index to the source node;

中继节点使用目的节点所指示的发射天线进行信号发射，并且源节点使用目的节点或者中继节点所指示的发射天线进行信号发射。 The relay node performs signal transmission using the transmit antenna indicated by the destination node, and the source node performs signal transmission using the destination antenna or the transmit antenna indicated by the relay node.

需要说明的是，在由目的节点为中继节点进行发射天线选择时，目的节点可以测量中继节点各个或各组天线到目的节点的信道质量，选择其中最优的信道质量所对应的中继节点的天线或天线组作为中继节点的选定发射天线，并向中继节点指示所述选定发射天线的索引。 It should be noted that, when the destination node performs the transmit antenna selection for the relay node, the destination node may measure the channel quality of each antenna group or group of antennas to the destination node, and select the relay corresponding to the optimal channel quality. The antenna or antenna group of the node acts as the selected transmit antenna of the relay node and indicates to the relay node the index of the selected transmit antenna.

在由目的节点为源节点进行发射天线选择时，目的节点可以获取源节点各个或各组天线与所选定的中继节点的天线或天线组进行协作传输的等效信道质量，选择其中最优的等效信道质量所对应的源节点的天线或天线组作为源节点的选定发射天线，并向源节点指示所述选定发射天线的索引。另外，目的节点还可以测量源节点各个或各组天线到目的节点的信道质量，选择其中最优的信道质量所对应的源节点的天线或天线组作为源节点的选定发射天线，并向源节点指示所述选定发射天线的索引。 When the destination node is the source node for transmitting antenna selection, the destination node can obtain the source node. Selecting the equivalent channel quality of each or each group of antennas and the antenna or antenna group of the selected relay node for cooperative transmission, and selecting the antenna or antenna group of the source node corresponding to the optimal equivalent channel quality as the source node Selecting a transmit antenna and indicating to the source node an index of the selected transmit antenna. In addition, the destination node may also measure channel quality of each or each group of antennas of the source node to the destination node, and select an antenna or an antenna group of the source node corresponding to the optimal channel quality as the selected transmit antenna of the source node, and A node indicates an index of the selected transmit antenna.

在由中继节点为源节点进行发射天线选择时，中继节点可以测量源节点各个或各组天线到中继节点的信道质量，选择其中最优的信道质量所对应的源节点的天线或天线组作为源节点的选定发射天线，并向源节点指示所述选定发射天线的索引。 When the transmitting node is selected by the relay node as the source node, the relay node may measure channel quality of each antenna group or group of antennas of the source node to the relay node, and select an antenna or antenna of the source node corresponding to the optimal channel quality. The group acts as a selected transmit antenna for the source node and indicates to the source node the index of the selected transmit antenna.

具体应用中，中继节点、目的节点可以根据所能获得的分集增益阶数来决定由目的节点还是中继节点为源节点进行发射天线选择。通常，由目的节点为源节点进行发射天线选择时，所能获得的分集增益阶数为 ^NS^ND ^{+ N} , 由中继节点为源节点进行发射天线选择时，所能获得的分集增益阶数为In a specific application, the relay node and the destination node may determine whether the destination node or the relay node is the source node for transmitting antenna selection according to the diversity gain order that can be obtained. Generally, when the destination node performs the transmit antenna selection for the source node, the diversity gain order that can be obtained is ^N S ^N D ^{+ N} , and the diversity gain order can be obtained when the relay node selects the transmit antenna for the source node. Number is

^ND + N_R min(W_s,W。）。并且，口果 (W_SW。 + W_K) > (N_D + N_R min(W_s,W。)），则由目的节点为源节点进行发射天线选择；否则，由中继节点为源节点进行发射天线选择。 ^N D + N _R min(W _s , W.). And, for the fruit (W _S W. + W _K ) > (N _D + N _R min(W _s , W.)), the destination node performs the transmit antenna selection for the source node; otherwise, the relay node is the source The node performs transmit antenna selection.

上述操作可以由发射天线选择单元执行。当然，具体的执行单元则是由中继节点侧天线选择单元或目的节点侧天线选择单元。 The above operations can be performed by the transmit antenna selection unit. Of course, the specific execution unit is the relay node side antenna selection unit or the destination node side antenna selection unit.

通常，信道质量或者等效信道质量包括 SNR、信干噪比（SINR ) 以及信道状态指示（CSI )中的至少一个；所述信道质量最优，是指 SNR、 SINR 或者 CSI值最大。上述的 ^， ^NR 和 ^等内容代表源节点中继节点 w和目的节点 D分别安装的 ^， ^NR 和 ^个 /组天线。 Generally, the channel quality or equivalent channel quality includes at least one of SNR, Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR), and Channel State Indication (CSI); the channel quality is optimal, which means that the SNR, SINR, or CSI value is the largest. The above contents such as ^, ^N R and ^ represent the ^, ^N R and ^ / group antennas respectively installed by the source node relay node w and the destination node D.

可以体现源节点中继节点 R和目的节点 D的 MIMO中继***的信道模型如图 1所示。图 1中，假设源节点中继和目的节点 o分别安装了 ^ 和 ^个 /组天线。由 X的第' '个 /组发送天线到 r ( ^{X e} ， ^Fe ^'^D}, 且 Χ≠ ) 的信道矢量定义为 h^ , 信噪比定义为，其中 ^{= 1}，···，。 A channel model of a MIMO relay system that can reflect the source node relay node R and the destination node D is as shown in FIG. In Fig. 1, it is assumed that the source node relay and the destination node o are respectively installed with ^ and ^/group antennas. Sending antennas from the ''/group' of ^X to r ( ^{X e} , ^Fe ^' ^D }, and The channel vector of Χ≠ is defined as h^, and the signal-to-noise ratio is defined as, where ^{= 1} , ···, .

在实际应用中，为中继节点和源节点进行天线选择的流程如图 2至图 5 所示。 In practical applications, the process of antenna selection for the relay node and the source node is shown in Figures 2 to 5.

参见图 2, 图 2为本发明一实施例的为中继节点选择天线的流程图，该流程包括以下步骤： Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a flowchart of selecting an antenna for a relay node according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the process includes the following steps:

步骤 201: 目的节点首先初始化中继节点天线标识 fc = i, 以及信噪比判决门限? =_∞。 Step 201: The destination node first initializes the relay node antenna identifier fc = i, and the signal to noise ratio decision threshold? =_∞.

步骤 202: 目的节点估计出所接收到的来自中继节点第 k个 /组发送天线所发送信号的信噪比。 Step 202: The destination node estimates the received signal to noise ratio of the signal transmitted by the kth/group transmission antenna of the relay node.

步骤 203:目的节点将信噪比与判决门限进行比较，如果

, 则进入步骤 204; 否则，直接进入步骤 205。 Step 203: The destination node compares the signal to noise ratio with the decision threshold.

Go to step 204; otherwise, go directly to step 205.

步骤 204: 更新选定天线标识 Κ和信噪比判决门限？ ^，具体操作如下： Step 204: Update the selected antenna identification Κ and SNR decision threshold? ^, the specific operation is as follows:

K = k^ = f_RD。 K = k^ = f _RD .

步骤 205: 目的节点判断是否所有中继节点天线 /组都经过判决，即判断 = ^是否成立，如象 ^{k = N}R, 则直接进入步骤 207; 否则，进入步骤 206。 Step 205: The destination node determines whether all the relay node antennas/groups have been judged, that is, whether the judgment = ^ is established, as if ^{k = N} R, then directly proceeds to step 207; otherwise, proceeds to step 206.

步骤 206: 更新 = i, 之后返回步骤 202。 Step 206: Update = i, and then return to step 202.

步骤 207至步骤 208: 对 ^进行编码得到 f'，之后对 f'进行调制并将调制结果反馈给中继节点。 Step 207 to step 208: Encoding ^ to obtain f', then modulating f' and feeding back the modulation result to the relay node.

在实际应用中，图 2的操作思路可以表现如下所示： In practical applications, the operation of Figure 2 can be expressed as follows:

( 1 ) 中继节点从第 (^1≤"^)个/组发送天线向目的节点发送训练序列 ^{χ =} [^χι'···'^χ"···^χ , 目的节点的接收信号可以表示为

(1) The relay node sends a training sequence from the ( ^{1 ≤} "^)/group transmit antennas to the destination node ^{χ =} [ ^χ ι'···' ^χ "··· ^χ , the received signal of the destination node can be expressed as

(2)利用已知的训练序列 X , 目的节点估计出接收 SNR 。 (2) Using the known training sequence X, the destination node estimates the received SNR.

(3)重复上述的步骤（1 )至步骤（2), 直到 ^。 (3) Repeat steps (1) through (2) above until ^.

(4) 目的节点从，…，^中选出最大的一个，并找出相应的天线或天线组标识 K (4) The destination node selects the largest one from ,...,^ and finds the corresponding antenna or day. Line group identification K

(5)对的二进制数据 f进行 CRC编码得到 f'，之后对 f'进行 BPSK 调制并将调制结果反馈给中继节点。 (5) The binary data f of the pair is CRC-coded to obtain f', and then BPSK modulation is performed on f' and the modulation result is fed back to the relay node.

参见图 3, 图 3为本发明一实施例的为源节点选择天线的流程图，该流程包括以下步骤： Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a flowchart of selecting an antenna for a source node according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the process includes the following steps:

步骤 301: 目的节点首先初始化源节点天线标识' · = ι, 以及信噪比判决门限 Step 301: The destination node first initializes the source node antenna identifier '· = ι, and the signal to noise ratio decision threshold.

步骤 302: 目的节点将接收到的来自源节点第 i个 /组天线的信号与来自中继节点第 K个 /组天线转发的信号进行合并。 Step 302: The destination node combines the received signal from the ith/group antenna of the source node with the signal forwarded from the Kth/group antenna of the relay node.

步骤 303: 目的节点根据信号合并的结果估计出合并信号的信噪比步骤 304: 目的节点将信噪比与判决门限进行比较，如果则进入步骤 304; 否则，直接进入步骤 305 Step 303: The destination node estimates the signal to noise ratio of the combined signal according to the result of the signal combination. Step 304: The destination node compares the signal to noise ratio with the decision threshold, if yes, proceeds to step 304; otherwise, directly proceeds to step 305.

步骤 304: 更新选定天线标识 I和信噪比判决门限？ ^，具体操作如下： Step 304: Update the selected antenna identification I and the signal to noise ratio decision threshold? ^, the specific operation is as follows:

Z Z

步骤 305: 目的节点判断是否所有所有源节点天线 /组都经过判决，即判断'' = 是否成立，如果'' 则进入步骤 307; 否则，进入步骤 306 步骤 306: 更新' ' = 之后返回步骤 302 Step 305: The destination node determines whether all the source node antennas/groups have been judged, that is, whether ''= is true, if '', then proceeds to step 307; otherwise, proceeds to step 306, step 306: update ' ' = and returns to step 302

步骤 307至步骤 308：对进行编码得到 , 对进行调制并将调制结果反馈给源节点。 Step 307 to step 308: Encoding is performed, the modulation is performed, and the modulation result is fed back to the source node.

在实际应用中，图 3的操作思路可以表现如下所示： In practical applications, the operation of Figure 3 can be expressed as follows:

( 1 ) 源节点从第 ^^≤i≤N 个 /组发送天线向中继节点和目的节点发送训练序列 ^{χ =} [^χι'···'^χ' ···^χ , 中继节点和目的节点的接收信号分别可以表示为 y ― T^pr y (1) The source node sends a training sequence from the ^ ^{≤ i ≤ N} /group transmit antennas to the relay node and the destination node ^{χ =} [ ^χ ι'···' ^χ ' ··· ^χ , relay node and destination node The received signals can be expressed as y - T^pr y

(2) 中继节点利用公式^ = ^{Xi5 i}估计出 CSI o)中继节点利用公式 ^h™) y™''和^对接收信号进行最大比合并。 (2) The relay node estimates the CSI using the formula ^ = ^{Xi5 i} o) The relay node uses the formula ^hTM) yTM'' and ^ to maximize the ratio combining of the received signals.

( 4 )中继节点从第个 /组天线向目的节点发送¹ " = [wnf , 目的节点的接收信号可以表示为 ^{y =h +η}-.' 2^\y o,{y ) ^s (4) The relay node sends ¹ " = [wnf from the first/group antenna to the destination node, and the received signal of the destination node can be expressed as ^{y = h + η} -.' 2^\yo, {y ) ^s

(5) 目的节点利用公式 w 计算出 MMSE合并系数，其中

(5) The destination node calculates the MMSE combining coefficient using the formula w, where

(6) 目的节点利用公式 .'^{=w y}w和 w对接收信号进行 MMSE合并，同时估计出合并输出信号的 SNR (6) The destination node uses the formula .' ^=wy w and w to perform MMSE combining on the received signal, and simultaneously estimates the SNR of the combined output signal.

(7)重复步骤（1)至步骤（6)直到' ' ^{= Α}^。 (7) Repeat steps (1) through (6) until '' ^{= Α} ^.

(8)目的节点从 …，中选出最大的一个，并找出相应的天线或天线组标识 I (8) The destination node selects the largest one from ..., and finds the corresponding antenna or antenna group identifier.

(9)对的二进制数据 g进行 CRC编码得到 g'，之后对 g'进行 BPSK 调制并将调制结果反馈给源节点。 (9) The binary data g of the pair is subjected to CRC encoding to obtain g', and then BPSK is modulated on g' and the modulation result is fed back to the source node.

参见图 4, 图 4为本发明又一实施例的为源节点选择天线的流程图，该流程包括以下步骤： Referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a flowchart of selecting an antenna for a source node according to still another embodiment of the present invention, where the process includes the following steps:

步骤 401: 目的节点首先初始化源节点天线标识' · = ι, 以及信噪比判决门限 Step 401: The destination node first initializes the source node antenna identifier '· = ι, and the signal to noise ratio decision threshold.

步骤 402: 目的节点估计出所接收到来自源节点第 i个 /组天线发射信号的信噪比。 Step 402: The destination node estimates the signal to noise ratio of the transmitted signal from the ith/group antenna of the source node.

步骤 403: 目的节点将信噪比与判决门限进行比较，如果 >^χ , 则进入步骤 404; 否则，直接进入步骤 405 Step 403: The destination node compares the signal to noise ratio with the decision threshold. If >^χ, the process proceeds to step 404; otherwise, directly proceeds to step 405.

步骤 404: 更新选定天线标识 I和信噪比判决门限？ ^，具体操作如下： Step 404: Update the selected antenna identification I and the signal to noise ratio decision threshold? ^, the specific operation is as follows:

I一？一 sD 步骤 405: 目的节点判断是否所有所有源节点天线 /组都经过判决，即判断'' = 是否成立，如果'' 则直接进入步骤 407; 否则，进入步骤 406 步骤 406: 更新' ' = ''+1, 之后返回步骤 402 I one? One sD Step 405: The destination node determines whether all the source node antennas/groups are judged, that is, whether ''= is established, if '', then directly proceeds to step 407; otherwise, proceeds to step 406, step 406: update '' = ''+ 1, then return to step 402

步骤 407至步骤 408：对 /进行编码得到 g' , 对 g'进行调制并将调制结果反馈给源节点。 Step 407 to step 408: Encoding / is performed to obtain g', modulating g' and feeding back the modulation result to the source node.

在实际应用中，图 4的操作思路可以表现如下所示： In practical applications, the operation of Figure 4 can be expressed as follows:

(1)源节点从第 ''(^{1≤ ≤Α}^)个 /组发送天线广播 ^{χ =} [^χι'···'^χ"···^ , 中继节点和目的节点的接收信号分别可以表示为 ^y ^ = ^h- ' + ^η-.'和 y = ^h- ' + ^η-.'(1) The source node sends antenna broadcasts from the first ''( ^{1≤ ≤Α} ^)/groups ^{χ =} [ ^χ ι'···' ^χ "···^ , the receiving signals of the relay node and the destination node are respectively Expressed as ^y ^ = ^h - ' + ^η -.' and y = ^h - ' + ^η -.'

(2)利用已知的训练序列 χ, 中继节点估计出信道 , 目的节点估计出信道 ^ή^和接收 SNR ^ (2) Using the known training sequence χ, the relay node estimates the channel, and the destination node estimates the channel ^ή ^ and the received SNR ^

( 3 )重复步骤（ 1 )至步骤（ 2 )直到 ^{i = N} (3) Repeat steps (1) through (2) until ^{i = N}

(4) 目的节点从，…，中选出最大的一个，并找出相应的天线或天线组标识 I (4) The destination node selects the largest one from ,..., and finds the corresponding antenna or antenna group identifier.

(5)对的二进制数据 g进行 CRC编码得到 g'，之后对 g'进行 BPSK 调制并将调制结果反馈给源节点。 (5) The paired binary data g is CRC encoded to obtain g', then BPSK is modulated on g' and the modulation result is fed back to the source node.

参见图 5, 图 5为本发明再一实施例的为源节点选择天线的流程图，该流程包括以下步骤： Referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a flowchart of selecting an antenna for a source node according to still another embodiment of the present invention, where the process includes the following steps:

步骤 501: 中继节点首先初始化源节点天线标识' · = ι, 以及信噪比判决门限 Step 501: The relay node first initializes the source node antenna identifier '· = ι, and the signal to noise ratio decision threshold.

步骤 502:中继节点估计出所接收到来自源节点第 i个 /组天线发射信号的信噪比。 Step 502: The relay node estimates the signal to noise ratio of the transmitted signal from the ith/group antenna of the source node.

步骤 503:中继节点将信噪比与判决门限进行比较，如果 > ^ , 则进入步骤 504; 否则，直接进入步骤 505 Step 503: The relay node compares the signal to noise ratio with the decision threshold. If > ^, the process proceeds to step 504; otherwise, directly proceeds to step 505.

步骤 504: 更新选定天线标识 I和信噪比判决门限？ ^，具体操作如下： I ¹' Tmwi - 。 Step 504: Update the selected antenna identifier I and the signal to noise ratio decision threshold? ^, the specific operation is as follows: I ¹ ' Tmwi - .

步骤 505: 中继节点判断是否所有所有源节点天线 /组都经过判决，即判断'' = 是否成立，如果'' 则直接进入步骤 507; 否则，进入步骤 506。 Step 505: The relay node determines whether all the source node antennas/groups have been judged, that is, whether ''= is established, if '', then directly proceeds to step 507; otherwise, proceeds to step 506.

步骤 506: 更新' ' = ''+1, 之后返回步骤 502。 Step 506: Update ' ' = ''+1, and then return to step 502.

步骤 507: 对 /进行编码得到 g'，对进行调制并将调制结果反馈给源节点。 Step 507: Encoding / is performed to obtain g', and the modulation is performed and the modulation result is fed back to the source node.

在实际应用中，图 5的操作思路可以表现如下所示： In practical applications, the operation of Figure 5 can be expressed as follows:

( 1 )源节点从第 ''(^{1≤ ≤Α}^)个 /组发送天线广播 ^{χ =} [^χι'···'^χ"···^ , 中继节点和目的节点的接收信号分别可以表示为 ^y ^ = ^h- ' + ^η-.'和 y = ^h- ' + ^η-.'。 (1) The source node sends antenna broadcasts from the first ''( ^{1≤ ≤Α} ^)/groups ^{χ =} [ ^χ ι'···' ^χ "···^ , the receiving signals of the relay node and the destination node are respectively Expressed as ^y ^ = ^h - ' + ^η -.' and y = ^h - ' + ^η -.'.

(2)利用已知的训练序列 χ, 目的节点估计出信道 , 中继节点估计出信道和接收 SNR ^。 (2) Using the known training sequence χ, the destination node estimates the channel, and the relay node estimates the channel and the received SNR ^.

(4) 中继节点从，…，中选出最大的一个，并找出相应的天线或天线组标识 I。 (4) The relay node selects the largest one from ..., and finds the corresponding antenna or antenna group identifier I.

结合以上各流程可知，本发明实现天线选择的操作思路可以表示如图 6 所示。参见图 6,图 6为本发明的天线选择流程简图，该流程包括以下步骤：步骤 610: 根据信噪比分别为中继节点以及源节点选择发射天线，并将选择的发射天线分别通知相应的中继节点和源节点。 It can be seen from the above various processes that the operation idea of implementing antenna selection according to the present invention can be represented as shown in FIG. 6. Referring to FIG. 6, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an antenna selection process according to the present invention. The process includes the following steps: Step 610: Select a transmit antenna for a relay node and a source node according to a signal to noise ratio, and notify the selected transmit antenna respectively. Relay node and source node.

步骤 620:中继节点以及源节点分别使用被通知的发射天线进行信号发射。 Step 620: The relay node and the source node respectively use the notified transmit antenna to perform signal transmission.

在完成了天线选择之后，可以应用所选择的天线进行数据传输。具体而言，中继网络的数据传输过程可以通过以下步骤实现： ( 1 ) 在广播阶段，源节点从已经选好的第 /个 /组天线发送信号序列 ^s=[v，vW, 中继节点和目的节点的接收信号分别为 y^^=h^«+n ^和 y After the antenna selection is completed, the selected antenna can be applied for data transmission. Specifically, the data transmission process of the relay network can be implemented by the following steps: (1) In the broadcast phase, the source node sends a signal sequence ^s= [v, vW from the selected/group/group antennas, and the received signals of the relay node and the destination node are y^ ^=h ^«+n ^ respectively And y

(2)在协作阶段，中继节点首先利用估计的^对接收信号进行最大比合并，而且合并输出为^¾'"=(^) 其次，中继将信号 =[ ，···，，···¾νΓ 转发给目的节点，此时目的节点的接收信号为 y«>." Οκ,"^+η 。 (2) In the cooperation phase, the relay node first uses the estimated sum of the received signals for maximum ratio combining, and the combined output is ^3⁄4 '"=(^). Next, the relay will signal =[ ,···, ,·· · 3⁄4νΓ forwarded to the destination node, at which point the destination node receives the signal y«>."Οκ," ^+η .

(6)在合并阶段，目的节点利用估计的 w对接收信号进行合并，而且合并输出为

其次，目的节点对进行解调得到接收数据。 (6) In the merge phase, the destination node combines the received signals with the estimated w, and the combined output is

Second, the destination node pair performs demodulation to obtain received data.

在实际应用中，具体的数据传输过程还可以通过以下步骤实现： In practical applications, the specific data transmission process can also be implemented by the following steps:

( 1 ) 在广播阶段，源节点从已经选好的第 /个 /组天线发送信号序列 s = [V， '''W, 中继节点和目的节点的接收信号分别为 y^=h^„+n ^和 (1) In the broadcast phase, the source node sends a signal sequence s = [V, '''W from the selected/group/group antennas, and the received signals of the relay node and the destination node are y^=h^„ +n ^ and

(2)在协作阶段，中继节点首先利用估计的^对接收信号进行最大比合并，而且合并输出为^¾'"=(^) ^y "; 其次，中继节点对进行解调和 CRC 校验。如果校验成功，

(2) In the cooperation phase, the relay node first performs maximum ratio combining on the received signal by using the estimated ^, and the combined output is ^3⁄4 '"=(^) ^y "; secondly, the relay node pair performs demodulation and CRC check . If the verification is successful,

最后，中继节点从已经选好的第个 /组天线发送协作信号 r ,此时目的节点的接收信号为 ^{y =h}-^r» ⁺ⁿ—。 Finally, the relay node sends the cooperation signal r from the selected first/group antenna, and the destination node receives the signal ^{y = h} - ^r » ⁺ⁿ -.

(3)在合并阶段，如果中继节点的 CRC校验成功，那么目的节点利用估计的¹^和对两个阶段的接收信号进行最大比合并；如果中继节点的(3) In the merge phase, if the CRC check of the relay node is successful, then the destination node uses the estimated ¹ ^ and the maximum ratio combining of the received signals of the two phases;

CRC校验失败，则目的节点直接利用对广播阶段的接收数据进行最大比合并。需要说明的是，图 4、图 5分别示出了两种源节点天线选择方法，它们的实现复杂度是一样的，但根据所配置的天线或天线组数，可获得的分集增益阶数可能是不同的。图 4中可获得的分集增益阶数为 ^ + ^ , 而图 5 中可获得的分集增益阶数为 ^ + ^¹¹¹^^，^)。在实际的应用中，可以根据源节点、中继节点和目的节点的天线数目，在上述两种源节点天线选择方法中选择分集增益更大的一种。例如，当 = ²，^ = ²，A^ = i时，图 4中可获得的分集增益阶数为 3; 而图 5中可获得的分集增益阶数为 2, 因此可以选择图 4所示的操作方法。而当 = ²，^ = ³，A^ = ²时，图 4中可获得的分集增益阶数为 7, 而图 5中可获得的分集增益阶数为 8, 因此可以选择图 5所示的操作方法。另外，图 4中可获得的信噪比增益要比图 5中的高。因此，当上述两种源节点天线选择方法的分集增益相同时，可以优先选择图 4所示的操作方法。 If the CRC check fails, the destination node directly uses the maximum ratio combining of the received data in the broadcast phase. It should be noted that FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 respectively show two source node antenna selection methods, and their implementation complexity is the same, but according to the configured number of antennas or antenna groups, the available diversity gain order may be It is different. The diversity gain order obtained in Fig. 4 is ^ + ^ , and the diversity gain order obtainable in Fig. 5 is ^ + ^ ¹¹¹ ^^, ^). In an actual application, one of the above two source node antenna selection methods may be selected according to the number of antennas of the source node, the relay node, and the destination node. For example, when = ² , ^ = ² , A^ = i, the diversity gain order obtained in Fig. 4 is 3; and the diversity gain order obtained in Fig. 5 is 2, so it can be selected as shown in Fig. 4. Method of operation. When = ² , ^ = ³ , A^ = ² , the diversity gain order obtained in Fig. 4 is 7, and the diversity gain order obtained in Fig. 5 is 8, so the selection shown in Fig. 5 can be selected. Method of operation. In addition, the signal-to-noise ratio gain obtainable in Figure 4 is higher than that in Figure 5. Therefore, when the diversity gains of the above two source node antenna selection methods are the same, the operation method shown in FIG. 4 can be preferentially selected.

为了保证上述各流程的操作能够顺利执行，可以进入如图 7所述的设置。参见图 7 , 图 7为本发明一实施例的天线选择***图，该***包括发射天线选择单元、源节点、目的节点。 In order to ensure that the operations of the above processes can be performed smoothly, the settings as shown in Fig. 7 can be entered. Referring to FIG. 7, FIG. 7 is a diagram of an antenna selection system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system includes a transmit antenna selection unit, a source node, and a destination node.

具体应用时，发射天线选择单元能够根据信噪比分别为中继节点以及源节点选择发射天线，并将选择的发射天线分别通知相应的中继节点和源节点；中继节点以及源节点则能够分别使用被通知的发射天线进行信号发射。 In a specific application, the transmitting antenna selecting unit can select a transmitting antenna for the relay node and the source node according to the signal to noise ratio, and respectively notify the selected transmitting antenna and the source node to the corresponding transmitting antenna; the relay node and the source node can Signal transmission is performed using the notified transmit antennas, respectively.

需要说明的是，发射天线选择单元可以独立设置或设置于中继节点或源节点中。 It should be noted that the transmit antenna selection unit can be independently set or set in the relay node or the source node.

另外，发射天线选择单元可以包括中继节点侧天线选择单元和目的节点侧天线选择单元。在这种情况下，中继节点侧天线选择单元设置于中继节点中，能够根据信噪比为源节点选择发射天线，并将选择的发射天线通知相应的源节点；目的节点侧天线选择单元设置于目的节点中，能够根据信噪比为中继节点和源节点选择发射天线，并将选择的发射天线分别通知相应的中继节点和源节点。 In addition, the transmit antenna selection unit may include a relay node side antenna selection unit and a destination node side antenna selection unit. In this case, the relay node side antenna selection unit is disposed in the relay node, is capable of selecting a transmit antenna for the source node according to the signal to noise ratio, and notifying the selected source antenna to the corresponding source node; the destination node side antenna selection unit Set in the destination node, can be based on The signal-to-noise ratio selects the transmitting antenna for the relay node and the source node, and notifies the corresponding transmitting node and the source node respectively.

之后，分别设置于中继节点和源节点中的数据传输单元可以根据被通知的发射天线选择情况进行前述的数据传输处理。 Thereafter, the data transmission units respectively disposed in the relay node and the source node can perform the aforementioned data transmission processing in accordance with the notified transmission antenna selection.

在实际应用环境中，所述源节点可能是作为用户端的手机，所述目的节点则可能是基站。并且，上述各单元所能实现的操作在前述各流程中已详细描述，在此不再赘述。 In an actual application environment, the source node may be a mobile phone as a user end, and the destination node may be a base station. Moreover, the operations that can be implemented by the above units are described in detail in the foregoing various processes, and are not described herein again.

综上所述可见，无论是方法还是***，本发明在 MIMO中继***中实现天线选择的技术，均可保证作为发射节点的中继节点和源节点只在多个天线中选择一个天线发射信号，能够产生明显少于传统 BF技术方案的反馈信息量，因而可以有效降低设计复杂度。 In summary, whether the method or the system, the present invention implements antenna selection in a MIMO relay system, can ensure that the relay node and the source node as the transmitting node select only one antenna to transmit signals among multiple antennas. It can produce significantly less feedback information than the traditional BF technology solution, thus effectively reducing the design complexity.

以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。 The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included. Within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

权利要求书 Claim

1、一种在多输入多输出 MIMO中继***中实现天线选择的方法，该方法包括： A method of implementing antenna selection in a multiple input multiple output MIMO relay system, the method comprising:

2、根据权利要求 1所述的方法，其中， 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein

为中继节点选择发射天线的过程包括： The process of selecting a transmit antenna for a relay node includes:

方式三：中继节点测量源节点各个或各组天线到中继节点的信道质量，选择其中最优的信道质量所对应的源节点的天线或天线组，作为源节点选择的发射天线。 Manner 3: The relay node measures the channel quality of each or each group of antennas of the source node to the relay node, and selects an antenna or an antenna group of the source node corresponding to the optimal channel quality as the transmit antenna selected by the source node.

3、根据权利要求 2所述的方法，其中， 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein

为中继节点选择发射天线的所述过程包括： The process of selecting a transmit antenna for a relay node includes:

中继节点从第 (^1≤"^)个/组发送天线向目的节点发送训练序列 x = [x₁,--,x_;,--x_i . 并且，利用已知的训练序列 X , 目的节点估计出接收 The relay node sends a training sequence from the ( ^{1 ≤} "^)/group transmit antennas to the destination node x = [x ₁ , --, x _; , --x _i . And, with the known training sequence X, the destination node estimates the reception

SNR^; SNR^;

重复上述操作，直到由目的节点从，···，^中选出最大的一个，并将相应的天线或天线组标识 ^所对应的发射天线作为中继节点选择的发射天线； Repeat the above operation until the largest one is selected from the destination node, and the corresponding antenna or antenna group identification corresponding to the transmitting antenna is used as the transmitting antenna selected by the relay node;

所述方式一包括：源节点从第 ^^≤i≤Ns">个 /组发送天线向中继节点和目的节点发送训练序列 ^{χ =} [^Χι，···，^χ'，···^χ^; 中继节点估计出信道状态信息 CSI并对接收信号进行最大比合并；中继节点从第个 /组天线向目的节点发送

目的节点对接收信号进行 MMSE合并，同时估计出合并输出信号的 SNR^; The first method includes: the source node sends a training sequence from the ^ ^{≤ i ≤ N} s"> group/group transmit antennas to the relay node and the destination node ^{χ =} [ ^Χι ,···, ^χ ',··· ^χ ^ The relay node estimates the channel state information CSI and performs maximum ratio combining on the received signal; the relay node transmits from the first/group antenna to the destination node

所述方式二包括：源节点从第 ''(^{1≤ ≤A}^)个 /组发送天线广播The second method includes: the source node sends an antenna broadcast from the first ''( ^{1≤ ≤A} ^)/group

X = [x₁,--,X_;,--X_i . 并且，利用已知的训练序列 X , 中继节点估计出信道 , 目的节点估计出信道和接收 SNR ; X = [x ₁ , --, X _; , --X _i . And, using the known training sequence X, the relay node estimates the channel, and the destination node estimates the channel and the received SNR;

重复所述方式二的操作，直到 ⁼ ; 由目的节点从，…，中选出最大的一个，并将相应的天线或天线组标识 I所对应的发射天线作为源节点选择的发射天线； Repeating the operation of the second mode until ⁼ ; selecting the largest one from the destination node, and selecting the corresponding antenna or the antenna corresponding to the antenna group identifier I as the transmitting antenna selected by the source node;

所述方式三包括：源节点从第 ''(^{1≤ ≤A}^)个 /组发送天线广播The third method includes: the source node sends an antenna broadcast from the first ''( ^{1≤ ≤A} ^)/group

X = [x₁,--,X_;,--X_i . 并且，利用已知的训练序列 X , 目的节点估计出信道 , 中继节点估计出信道 ^和接收 SNR ^；重复所述方式三的操作，直到 ⁼ ; 由中继节点从，···，中选出最大的一个，并将相应的天线或天线组标识 I所对应的发射天线作为源节点选择的发射天线。 X = [x ₁ , --, X _; , --X _i . And, using the known training sequence X, the destination node estimates the channel, and the relay node estimates the channel ^ and the received SNR ^; Repeat the operation of the third mode until ⁼ ; the largest one is selected by the relay node from , and the corresponding antenna or the transmitting antenna corresponding to the antenna group identifier I is used as the transmitting antenna selected by the source node. .

4、根据权利要求 3所述的方法，其中，该方法还包括：根据所能获得的分集增益阶数，决定由目的节点或中继节点为源节点进行发射天线选择。 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the method further comprises: determining, according to the diversity gain order that can be obtained, the transmit antenna selection by the destination node or the relay node as the source node.

5、根据权利要求 4所述的方法，其中，由目的节点为源节点进行发射天线选择时，所能获得的分集增益阶数为^ + ^ ; 由中继节点为源节点进行发射天线选择时，所能获得的分集增益阶数为 ^Ν。^+Ν υ、', 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein when the destination node performs the transmit antenna selection for the source node, the diversity gain order that can be obtained is ^ + ^; when the relay node selects the transmit antenna for the source node , the diversity gain order that can be obtained is ^Ν . ^+Ν υ, ',

根据所能获得的分集增益阶数，决定由目的节点或中继节点为源节点进行发射天线选择的过程包括：如^ ^{Ν Ν ≥} (^{N N} U、、 , 则由目的节点为源节点进行发射天线选择；否则，由中继节点为源节点进行发射天线选择。 According to the diversity gain order that can be obtained, the process of determining the transmit antenna selection by the destination node or the relay node as the source node includes: If ^ ^{Ν Ν ≥} ( ^NN U, , , the destination node is the source node for the transmit antenna Select; otherwise, the transmit node is selected by the relay node for the source node.

6、根据权利要求 1至 5任一项所述的方法，其中，对选择的发射天线进行所述通知时，指定选择的所述发射天线的索引。 The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, when the notification is made to the selected transmitting antenna, an index of the selected transmitting antenna is specified.

7、一种在 ΜΙΜΟ中继***中实现天线选择的***，该***包括发射天线选择单元、源节点、目的节点；其中， A system for implementing antenna selection in a relay system, the system comprising a transmission antenna selection unit, a source node, and a destination node;

8、根据权利要求 7所述的***，其中， 8. The system according to claim 7, wherein

在为中继节点选择发射天线时，所述发射天线选择单元用于：测量中继节点各个或各组天线到目的节点的信道质量，选择其中最优的信道质量所对应的中继节点的天线或天线组，作为中继节点选择的发射天线；在为源节点选择发射天线时，所述发射天线选择单元用于： When selecting a transmit antenna for the relay node, the transmit antenna selection unit is configured to: measure channel quality of each antenna group or each group of antennas to the destination node, and select an antenna of the relay node corresponding to the optimal channel quality. Or an antenna group, a transmit antenna selected as a relay node; When a transmit antenna is selected for the source node, the transmit antenna selection unit is used to:

9、根据权利要求 8所述的***，其中，发射天线选择单元包括中继节点侧天线选择单元、目的节点侧天线选择单元；其中， 9. The system according to claim 8, wherein the transmitting antenna selecting unit comprises a relay node side antenna selecting unit and a destination node side antenna selecting unit;

10、根据权利要求 7至 9任一项所述的***，其中，所述发射天线选择单元还用于：根据所能获得的分集增益阶数，决定由中继节点侧天线选择单元或目的节点侧天线选择单元为源节点进行发射天线选择。 The system according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the transmitting antenna selecting unit is further configured to: determine, by the relay node side antenna selecting unit or the destination node, according to the diversity gain order that can be obtained The side antenna selection unit performs transmission antenna selection for the source node.