WO2012003746A1 - 一种实现边界时钟的方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种实现边界时钟的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012003746A1
WO2012003746A1 PCT/CN2011/074696 CN2011074696W WO2012003746A1 WO 2012003746 A1 WO2012003746 A1 WO 2012003746A1 CN 2011074696 W CN2011074696 W CN 2011074696W WO 2012003746 A1 WO2012003746 A1 WO 2012003746A1
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Prior art keywords
timestamp
message
base station
packet
clock
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PCT/CN2011/074696
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English (en)
French (fr)
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罗丽
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2012003746A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012003746A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02Details
    • H04J3/06Synchronising arrangements
    • H04J3/0635Clock or time synchronisation in a network
    • H04J3/0638Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation
    • H04J3/0658Clock or time synchronisation among packet nodes
    • H04J3/0673Clock or time synchronisation among packet nodes using intermediate nodes, e.g. modification of a received timestamp before further transmission to the next packet node, e.g. including internal delay time or residence time into the packet
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02Details
    • H04J3/06Synchronising arrangements
    • H04J3/0635Clock or time synchronisation in a network
    • H04J3/0638Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation
    • H04J3/0658Clock or time synchronisation among packet nodes
    • H04J3/0661Clock or time synchronisation among packet nodes using timestamps
    • H04J3/0667Bidirectional timestamps, e.g. NTP or PTP for compensation of clock drift and for compensation of propagation delays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of network synchronous clocks, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for implementing a boundary clock in an IEEE 1588 protocol for cascading wireless base stations. Background technique
  • Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems such as CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA, LTE (TDD), WIMAX, etc.
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • LTE LTE
  • WIMAX WIMAX
  • standard product source methods such as Global Positioning System (GPS) are widely used in various product lines, but the installation cost of GPS is high.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • PTP Precision Time Synchronization Protocol
  • the wireless base station is generally used as a terminal device and is hung on the transmission network.
  • the main implementation mode of the wireless base station is an OC (Ordinary Clock) mode, that is, each base station achieves synchronization by synchronizing the same clock source in the system.
  • OC Organic Clock
  • a common base station layout is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the IEEE 1588 reference source needs to have multiple BTS base stations, but the reference source band load capacity is limited, so the number of BTS base stations that can be carried is limited. If you increase the number of wireless base stations, you need to add additional GPS devices or higher precision clock sources as reference sources. This will be greatly increased. If you want to add a base station without adding a reference source, you need to use a device such as a switch to connect to the BTS base station, but the use of the switch poses a reliability risk. Summary of the invention
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for implementing a boundary clock for cascading wireless base stations, which increases the number of wireless base stations in a communication network by implementing a boundary clock on the wireless base station.
  • a method for implementing a boundary clock in the IEEE 1588 protocol provided by the present invention includes:
  • step A) Adjusts the local clock based on the Toffset determined by the time stamps T1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, and ⁇ 4.
  • the packet is parsed, and if the packet is a synchronization packet, the receiving timestamp is saved.
  • the step B) is:
  • the synchronization message included in the synchronization message is extracted.
  • the transmission time stamp of the synchronization message included in the next following message of the synchronization message is extracted.
  • the step C) is:
  • the sending time stamp is saved.
  • the step D) is:
  • the packet is a delayed request response packet that includes a receiving timestamp of the delay request message received by the upper-level BTS base station, discarding the generated receiving timestamp, and extracting the The delay request response is a receipt time stamp of the delay request in the text.
  • Toffset and the time stamps T1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, and ⁇ 4 satisfy the following relationship:
  • an apparatus for implementing a boundary clock in the IEEE 1588 protocol including:
  • a timestamp generating and holding unit configured to generate and save a receiving timestamp T2 of the synchronization message by receiving the synchronization message from the upper-level BTS base station, and send a delay request message to the upper-level BTS base station, Generating and saving a transmission timestamp T3 of the delay request message;
  • a timestamp extracting unit configured to parse the synchronization packet sent by the upper-level BTS base station, a delay request response message, which is received by the upper-level BTS base station, and includes a reception timestamp T4, which receives the delay request message, and receives a reception timestamp T4 of the delay request message;
  • the clock adjustment unit is configured to determine Toffset according to the time stamps T1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, and ⁇ 4, and adjust the local clock by using the Toffset.
  • the device also includes:
  • a switching unit configured to pass between the timestamp generation and saving unit and the timestamp extracting unit
  • a timestamp delivery unit is configured to pass the timestamp T2 and the timestamp T3 to the clock adjustment unit.
  • the timestamp generation and saving unit includes:
  • a timestamp processing subunit configured to receive a synchronization message from the upper BTS base station, generate a reception time stamp T2 of the synchronization message, and send a delay request message to the upper BTS base station to generate the delay Timestamp T3 of the request message
  • the timestamp buffer subunit is configured to buffer the receiving timestamp T2 of the synchronization message and the sending timestamp T3 of the delay request message.
  • the present invention implements an IEEE 1588 boundary clock device and method, which is applied to a wireless base station cascade, and has the following technical effects:
  • a high-precision clock reference source can hang more BTS base stations, thereby solving the problem of increasing the cost of base station construction caused by the main equipment, and avoiding the traditional The reliability risk of using a switch to connect to a BTS base station in an application environment where the base stations are stacked.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a common base station layout provided by the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for networking a base station boundary clock provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for implementing a slave clock function by a local BTS base station according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for implementing a master clock function by a local BTS base station according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the basic idea of the present invention is: receiving a synchronization message from a BTS base station of a base station transceiver station, generating and storing a reception time stamp T2 of the synchronization message; parsing the synchronization message, and extracting a transmission timestamp T1 of the synchronization message Sending a delay request message to the upper-level BTS base station, generating and saving a transmission timestamp T3 of the delay request message; receiving and parsing the returned delay request message returned by the upper-level BTS base station Receiving the delayed request response message of the timestamp T4, extracting the receiving timestamp T4 of the delay request message; adjusting the local clock according to the clock offset Toffset determined by the timestamps T1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, and ⁇ 4 .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for networking a base station boundary clock provided by the present invention.
  • a BTS base station is synchronized with a master clock master having a standard reference source, and can also be used as reference for several lower-level BTS base stations.
  • the clock implements the boundary clock function.
  • the clock port of the master clock master may have multiple logical ports or multiple physical ports, so that the reference clock source of the next-level BTS base station can be used.
  • a slave clock port of a BTS base station that implements a boundary clock function is connected to one of the clock ports of the external master clock master, and is configured to receive 1588 packets such as synchronization packets of the upper-level master clock, so that the local clock and the local clock are The upper level master clock is synchronized, realized
  • the slave clock function the BTS base station also has multiple master clock ports, which can be connected to the slave clock port of the next-level BTS base station, and send 1588 packets such as synchronization packets to the next-stage BTS base station, so that the next-level BTS The base station can synchronize with the clock of the BTS base station to implement the main clock function.
  • the method of implementing the cascading of the wireless base station by using the IEEE 1588 boundary clock can increase the number of connections of the BTS base station without increasing the master device, thereby greatly reducing the construction cost of the base station; in addition, the cascading of the device no longer uses the switch. It is a multi-clock port that uses a boundary clock to make clock synchronization more accurate.
  • the device includes a timestamp generation and saving unit, a timestamp transmission unit, a switching unit, a timestamp extraction unit and a clock adjustment unit that form a protocol stack processing module. , among them:
  • the timestamp generation and saving unit is the lowest layer of message delivery, including a timestamp processing subunit and a timestamp buffer subunit.
  • the timestamp processing sub-unit detects a frame preamble of each of the passed 1588 messages, generates a flag for extracting the local time, and generates a timestamp.
  • the timestamp generation and saving unit also needs to cache the clock identifier and the sequence identifier for corresponding to the corresponding message.
  • the 1588 packet mainly includes a synchronization packet, a follow-up packet, a delay request packet, and a delay request response packet.
  • the synchronization packet sending timestamp and the delay request packet are sent.
  • the receiving timestamp of the text is generated in the timestamp processing subunit and cached in the timestamp buffer subunit.
  • the receiving timestamp of the synchronization message and the sending timestamp of the delay request message are The timestamp processing subunit is generated and cached in a timestamp cache subunit.
  • the timestamp extraction unit is a timestamp extraction part of the protocol stack processing module, which receives and parses the message transmitted by the timestamp processing subunit through the switching unit, and extracts the timestamp from the message for reading by the clock adjustment unit. , receiving timestamp of synchronization message and sending of delayed request message The timestamp is extracted and cached in the timestamp extraction unit.
  • the clock adjustment unit is a clock adjustment part of the protocol stack processing module, configured to read, from the timestamp extraction unit, a transmission timestamp T1 of the synchronization message of the upper-level BTS base station and a reception timestamp of the delay request message.
  • the timestamp delivery unit reads the reception timestamp T2 of the synchronization message in the timestamp buffer subunit and the transmission timestamp T3 of the delay request message, and determines Toffset according to the four timestamps, and adjusts the local clock.
  • the working principle of the device is as follows:
  • the timestamp processing subunit of the local BTS base station receives the synchronization packet sent by the upper-level BTS base station from the clock port, detects the frame preamble of the packet, generates a flag for extracting the local time, and generates a reception time stamp T2 of the synchronization packet.
  • the timestamp T2 is sent to the timestamp buffer subunit for reading by the clock adjustment unit; the timestamp extraction unit receives the synchronization packet delivered by the timestamp processing subunit through the switching unit. And parsing the packet, and extracting a transmission timestamp T1 of the synchronization packet according to the clock mode configured by the parsed packet. If it is a one-step clock mode, the timestamp T1 is directly extracted in the synchronization message, and if it is the two-step clock mode, the timestamp T1 is extracted in the next following message of the synchronization message.
  • the protocol stack processing module sends a delay request message to the BTS base station, and the delay request message passes through the switching unit to reach the timestamp processing subunit, and the timestamp processing subunit detects the frame preamble of the 4th message and Forming a flag for extracting the local time, generating a transmission timestamp ⁇ 3 of the text, and when parsing the message as a delay request message, sending the message to the upper-level BTS base station, and sending the delay request
  • the transmission timestamp of the message ⁇ 3 is stored in the timestamp buffer subunit for reading by the clock adjustment unit.
  • the timestamp processing subunit receives the delay request response message of the receiving time stamp ⁇ 4 of the delay request message sent by the previous BTS base station, and detects the frame preamble of the message. A flag for extracting the local time is generated, and a receiving timestamp of the packet is generated. When the packet is parsed as a delayed request response packet, the generated timestamp is discarded, and the timestamp is discarded.
  • the unit passes the message to the timestamp extracting unit, parses the message by the timestamp extracting unit, and extracts the receiving timestamp T4 of the delayed request message from the cached timestamp.
  • the clock adjustment unit reads the time stamps T1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, and ⁇ 4, determines Toffset, and adjusts the local clock.
  • Toffset can be determined by the following formula (1):
  • Toffset (T4 - T3)+(T1 - T2) ( 1 )
  • Time of the previous BTS base station time of the local BTS base station + Toffset ( 2 )
  • the local BTS base station receives the synchronization message sent by the upper BTS base station, generates the reception time stamp T2 of the synchronization message, and synchronizes the message or the next message.
  • the sending time stamp T1 of the synchronization message is extracted from a follow message, and the following formula (3) can be established.
  • T2 T1 + Td- Toffset (3)
  • the local BTS base station sends a delay request message to the BTS base station, generates a timestamp T3 of the delay request message, and then receives the delay time sent by the BTS base station.
  • the request message receives the timestamp T4 delay request response message, and extracts the timestamp T4.
  • the following formula (4) can be established:
  • T3 T4-Td- Toffset (4)
  • Td is the path delay when the message is transmitted between BTS base stations
  • the time of the local BTS base station plus Toffset is used to synchronize the clock of the local BTS base station.
  • the above method of calculating the Toffset is not limited thereto, and the Toffset may be calculated by various other timestamps using four time stamps.
  • the synchronization packet is periodically sent to the next-level BTS through the slave clock port.
  • the timestamp processing subunit detects the frame preamble of the packet and forms a flag for extracting the local time, and generates a transmission timestamp of the synchronization packet, when parsing
  • the timestamp is retained; the message is parsed to obtain a configuration clock mode of the message, and if it is a one-step clock mode, the timestamp is placed in the synchronization message, if it is two steps.
  • the timestamp is placed in the subsequent following message and sent to the next-level BTS base station, and according to the response condition of the next-level BTS base station, other related messages are sent, so that the next-level BTS base station completes the clock synchronization. .
  • the sender needs to record an accurate transmission time
  • the receiver needs to record an accurate reception time, thereby determining Toffset and realizing clock synchronization.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for implementing a slave clock function by a local BTS base station according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the method includes the following steps:
  • the timestamp processing subunit detects a frame preamble of the message transmitted from the unique slave clock port, and generates a flag capable of extracting the local time;
  • S402 the flag extracts the local time, and generates a timestamp to save
  • S403 Parse whether the received packet is a synchronization packet, and if it is a synchronization packet, perform S404, otherwise discard the reserved timestamp;
  • the protocol stack processing module obtains and parses the packet through the switching unit. If the synchronization packet is parsed, the command to read the timestamp T2 is initiated, and the timestamp in the timestamp buffer subunit is read by the timestamp delivery unit. T2;
  • the protocol stack processing module parses the synchronization packet. If the synchronization packet is in the one-step clock mode, the timestamp T1 of the synchronization message sent by the upper-level BTS base station is parsed from the synchronization message, and if it is a two-step clock mode, Extracting the timestamp T1 from the subsequently received follow message and storing it in the cache; S407: After extracting the timestamp T1, the protocol stack processing module sends a delay request message, and reaches the timestamp processing subunit through the switching unit;
  • the timestamp processing subunit receives the delay request message, and generates a sending timestamp T3 of the delay request message, and when it is parsed into the delay request message, performs S409; otherwise, the reserved timestamp is discarded;
  • S409 Save the timestamp T3 to the timestamp cache subunit, and the protocol stack processing unit extracts the timestamp T3 from the timestamp cache subunit by using the timestamp delivery unit;
  • the protocol stack processing module receives and parses the delay request response sent by the upper-level BTS base station, and obtains the receiving timestamp T4 when the upper-level BTS base station receives the delay request, and stores the timestamp.
  • Cache subunit
  • S411 Read Tl, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, and ⁇ 4, determine Toffset, and adjust the local clock.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for implementing a master clock function by a local BTS base station according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the method includes the following steps:
  • the protocol stack processing module periodically sends a synchronization packet to the next-level BTS base station through the primary clock port, and reaches the timestamp processing sub-unit through the switching unit.
  • the timestamp processing subunit detects a frame preamble of the packet, and generates a flag for extracting the local time, and generates a sending timestamp of the packet.
  • S504 Send, according to the clock mode configured by the packet, the timestamp, that is, the transmission timestamp T1 of the synchronization packet, to the next-level BTS base station;
  • the timestamp T1 is placed in the synchronization message; if it is a two-step clock mode, the timestamp T1 is placed in the subsequent following message and sent to the next-level BTS base station;
  • S505 The timestamp processing subunit receives the delay request packet sent by the next-level BTS base station, and generates a receiving timestamp of the packet.
  • S506 The timestamp processing subunit parses whether the message is a delay request message. If it is a delay request message, the timestamp, that is, the receiving timestamp T4 of the delay request message is put into the timestamp buffer subunit. , otherwise discard the timestamp;
  • the timestamp delivery unit reads the timestamp T4 from the timestamp cache subunit, and puts the timestamp into the delay request response message.
  • the sending unit, the time stamp processing subunit, and the main clock port connected to the next level BTS base station are sent out.
  • the local BTS base station When the local BTS base station performs the slave clock of the upper-level BTS base station, it can be performed according to the steps shown in FIG. 4, and when the master clock of the next-stage BTS base station is used, the procedure shown in FIG. 5 can be performed.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种实现边界时钟的方法和装置,涉及网络同步时钟领域,该方法包括:通过接收来自上一级BTS基站的同步报文,生成同步报文的接收时间戳T2;解析和提取同步报文或跟随报文中含有的同步报文的发送时间戳T1;向所述上一级BTS基站发送延时请求报文,生成和保存所述延时请求报文的发送时间戳T3;接收并解析上一级BTS基站返回的延时请求响应报文,提取延时请求报文的接收时间戳T4;根据时间戳T1至T4确定时钟偏差,调整本地时钟。本发明使一个高精度时钟参考源可以下挂更多的BTS基站,解决了基站建设成本高的问题,避免了使用交换机带来的可靠性风险。

Description

一种实现边界时钟的方法和装置 技术领域
本发明涉及网络同步时钟领域, 特别涉及一种用于实现无线基站级联 的 IEEE1588协议中的边界时钟的方法和装置。 背景技术
在 3G无线通信领域, 对于时分双工(TDD, Time Division Duplex ) 系 统, 如 CDMA2000、 TD-SCDMA、 LTE ( TDD )、 WIMAX等, 为了保证小 区切换能够顺利完成, 需要严格的相位同步。 为了保证相位同步, 现在各 产品线大量使用同步于全球定位***( GPS , Global Positioning System )等 标准参考源方法, 但是 GPS的安装成本较高。
随着 IEEE 1588协议的出现, 通信***逐渐使用 IEEE1588协议中定义 的精密时钟协议(PTP, Precision Time Synchronization Protocol ) 来同步基 站, 代替 GPS天馈***, 解决网络时钟同步问题。 PTP是为了克服以太网 实时性不足而规定的一种对时机制, 它的主要原理是对网络中所有节点进 行对时同步, 由一个精确的时间源周期性地对网络中所有节点的时钟进行 校正同步。
无线基站一般都是作为终端设备, 挂在传输网上, 目前无线基站主要 的实现模式是普通时钟(OC, Ordinary Clock )模式, 即各个基站通过同步 ***中同一个时钟源来达到都同步的目的, 但是随着业务需求的不断增大, 基站建设密度不断增大, 普通时钟模式已经越来越不能满足需求。 附图 1 中示出了常见基站布局, IEEE1588参考源需要带多个 BTS基站,但是参考 源带负载能力有限, 因此可以带的 BTS基站数量是有限的。 如果增加无线 基站数量, 就需要额外增加 GPS装置或更高精度的时钟源作为参考源, 成 本将大大增加。 如果要在不增加参考源的情况下增加基站, 就需要使用交 换机等设备连接 BTS基站, 但交换机的使用会造成可靠性风险。 发明内容
有鉴于此, 本发明的目的在于提供一种用于无线基站级联的实现边界 时钟的方法和装置, 通过在无线基站上实现边界时钟增加通信网络中无线 基站的数量, 解决了增加额外的高精度时钟参考源带来的基站建设成本高 的问题, 以及使用交换机等设备带来的可靠性差的问题。
本发明提供的一种实现 IEEE1588协议中边界时钟的方法, 包括:
A)通过接收来自上一级 BTS基站的同步报文, 生成并保存同步报文的 接收时间戳 T2;
B)通过解析所述同步报文, 提取同步报文的发送时间戳 T1 ;
C)向所述上一级 BTS基站发送延时请求报文, 并生成和保存所述延时 请求报文的发送时间戳 T3;
D)接收并解析上一级 BTS基站返回的含有接收所述延时请求报文的接 收时间戳 T4 的延时请求响应报文, 提取所述延时请求报文的接收时间戳 T4;
E)根据所述时间戳 Tl、 Τ2、 Τ3和 Τ4确定的 Toffset, 调整本地时钟。 所述步骤 A ) 为:
接收来自上一级 BTS基站的报文;
根据所述报文的帧前导, 产生一个会提取本地时间的标志, 生成所述 报文的接收时间戳;
解析所述报文, 若所述报文是同步报文, 则保存所述接收时间戳。 所述步骤 B )为:
解析所述同步报文, 得到所述同步报文的配置时钟模式;
若是一步时钟模式, 则提取所述同步报文中含有的同步报文的发送时 间戳;
若是两步时钟模式, 则提取所述同步报文的下一条跟随报文中含有的 同步报文的发送时间戳。
所述步骤 C )为:
向上一级 BTS基站发送报文;
根据所述报文的帧前导, 产生一个会提取本地时间的标志, 生成所述 报文的发送时间戳;
解析所述报文是延时请求报文, 则保存所述发送时间戳。
所述步骤 D ) 为:
接收来自上一级 BTS基站的报文;
根据报文的帧前导, 产生一个会提取本地时间的标志, 生成所述报文 的接收时间戳;
解析所述报文, 若所述报文是含有上一级 BTS基站接收所述延时请求 报文的接收时间戳的延时请求响应报文, 则丟弃生成的接收时间戳, 提取 所述延时请求响应 ^艮文中的所述延时请求 ^艮文的接收时间戳。
所述 Toffset与所述时间戳 Tl、 Τ2、 Τ3和 Τ4满足如下关系:
τ ff t (Τ4-Τ3) + (Τ1- Τ2)
Toffset =
2
本地时钟调整后,向一个或一个以上的下一级 BTS基站发送同步报文。 根据本发明的另一个方面,提供的一种实现 IEEE1588协议中边界时钟 的装置, 包括:
时间戳生成及保存单元, 用于通过接收来自上一级 BTS基站的同步报 文, 生成并保存同步报文的接收时间戳 T2, 通过向所述上一级 BTS基站发 送延时请求报文, 生成并保存所述延时请求报文的发送时间戳 T3;
时间戳提取单元,用于通过解析上一级 BTS基站发送的所述同步报文, 上一级 BTS基站返回的含有接收所述延时请求报文的接收时间戳 T4的延 时请求响应报文, 提取所述延时请求报文的接收时间戳 T4;
时钟调整单元, 用于根据所述时间戳 Tl、 Τ2、 Τ3和 Τ4确定 Toffset, 并利用所述 Toffset调整本地时钟。
所述装置还包括:
交换单元, 用于在所述时间戳生成及保存单元和所述时间戳提取单元 之间传递 4艮文;
时间戳传递单元, 用于把所述时间戳 T2和所述时间戳 T3传递给时钟 调整单元。
所述时间戳生成及保存单元包括:
时间戳处理子单元, 用于接收来自上一级 BTS基站的同步报文, 生成 同步报文的接收时间戳 T2, 并向所述上一级 BTS基站发送延时请求报文, 生成所述延时请求报文的发送时间戳 T3;
时间戳緩存子单元,用于緩存所述的同步报文的接收时间戳 T2和所述 延时请求报文的发送时间戳 T3。
综上所述, 本发明所述一种实现 IEEE 1588边界时钟装置和方法, 应 用于无线基站级联, 具有以下技术效果:
1、 通过在无线基站中实现 IEEE1588边界时钟, 使一个高精度时钟参 考源可以下挂更多的 BTS基站, 从而解决了增加主设备带来的基站建设成 本高的问题, 并且, 避免了传统多个基站堆叠的应用环境下, 使用交换机 连接 BTS基站带来的可靠性风险。
2、 本发明釆用报文与时间戳分开传递的方式, 以及在报文传递的最底 层打时间戳的方法, 降低了报文传输延时对时间戳精度的影响, 并且提高 了高流量报文传输时的时间戳传递效率。 附图说明
图 1是现有技术提供的常见的基站布局示意图;
图 2是本发明提供的基站边界时钟组网方式示意图;
图 3是本发明实施例提供的装置框图;
图 4是本发明实施例提供的本地 BTS基站实现从时钟功能的方法流程 图;
图 5是本发明实施例提供的本地 BTS基站实现主时钟功能的方法流程 图。 具体实施方式
本发明的基本思想是: 接收来自上一级基站收发台 BTS基站的同步报 文, 生成并保存同步报文的接收时间戳 T2; 解析所述同步报文, 提取同步 报文的发送时间戳 T1 ; 向所述上一级 BTS基站发送延时请求报文, 生成和 保存所述延时请求报文的发送时间戳 T3;接收并解析上一级 BTS基站返回 的含有接收所述延时请求报文的接收时间戳 T4的延时请求响应报文,提取 所述延时请求 ^艮文的接收时间戳 T4; 根据所述时间戳 Tl、 Τ2、 Τ3 和 Τ4 确定的时钟偏差 Toffset , 调整本地时钟。
以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行详细说明, 应当理解, 以下 所说明的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明, 并不用于限制本发明。
图 2是本发明提供的基站边界时钟组网方式示意图, 如图 2所示, 一 个 BTS基站与具有标准参考源的主时钟 Master同步, 同时, 还可以为几个 下一级的 BTS基站做参考时钟,实现了边界时钟功能。其中,主时钟 Master 的时钟端口可以有多个逻辑端口或多个物理端口, 从而可以#丈几个下一级 BTS基站的参考时钟源。 图 2中, 实现了边界时钟功能的 BTS基站的一个 从时钟端口与外部主时钟 Master的其中一个时钟端口相连, 用于接收上一 级主时钟的同步报文等 1588报文, 使本地时钟与上一级主时钟同步, 实现 从时钟功能; 同时该 BTS基站还具有多个主时钟端口, 可以与下一级 BTS 基站的从时钟端口相连, 并向下一级 BTS基站发送同步报文等 1588报文, 使下一级 BTS基站可以和该 BTS基站的时钟同步, 实现主时钟功能。 这种 使用 IEEE1588 边界时钟实现无线基站级联的方法可以在不增加主设备的 情况下, 增加 BTS基站的连接数量, 从而大大降低基站建设成本; 此外, 设备的级联不再釆用交换机, 而是使用边界时钟的多个时钟端口, 使时钟 同步更加准确。
图 3是本发明实施例提供的装置框图, 如图 3所示, 该装置包括时间 戳生成及保存单元、 时间戳传递单元、 交换单元、 组成协议栈处理模块的 时间戳提取单元和时钟调整单元, 其中:
所述时间戳生成及保存单元是报文传递的最底层, 包括时间戳处理子 单元和时间戳緩存子单元。 所述时间戳处理子单元通过检测每一个经过的 1588报文的帧前导, 产生一个提取本地时间的标志, 生成时间戳, 当判断 是需要生成时间戳的同步报文或延时请求报文时, 将所述时间戳緩存到所 述时间戳緩存子单元中供时钟调整单元读取, 否则丟弃所述时间戳。 所述 时间戳生成及保存单元还需要緩存时钟标识和序列标识, 用于与相应的报 文——对应。 所述 1588报文主要包括同步报文、 跟随报文、 延时请求报文 和延时请求响应报文, 其中, BTS基站实现主时钟功能时, 同步报文的发 送时间戳和延时请求报文的接收时间戳在所述时间戳处理子单元生成并在 时间戳緩存子单元中緩存, BTS基站实现从时钟功能时, 同步报文的接收 时间戳和延时请求报文的发送时间戳在所述时间戳处理子单元生成并在时 间戳緩存子单元中緩存。
所述时间戳提取单元是协议栈处理模块的时间戳提取部分, 其接收并 解析所述时间戳处理子单元通过交换单元传递的报文, 并从报文中提取时 间戳供时钟调整单元读取, 同步报文的接收时间戳和延时请求报文的发送 时间戳在时间戳提取单元中提取和緩存。
所述时钟调整单元是协议栈处理模块的时钟调整部分, 用于从所述时 间戳提取单元读取上一级 BTS基站的同步报文的发送时间戳 T1和延时请 求报文的接收时间戳 T4, 通过所述时间戳传递单元读取时间戳緩存子单元 内的同步报文的接收时间戳 T2和延时请求报文的发送时间戳 T3 , 并根据 四个时间戳, 确定 Toffset, 调整本地时钟。
所述装置的工作原理如下:
本地 BTS基站的时间戳处理子单元通过从时钟端口接收上一级 BTS基 站发送的同步报文, 检测该报文的帧前导, 产生一个提取本地时间的标志, 生成同步报文的接收时间戳 T2, 解析出接收的报文是同步报文后, 把时间 戳 T2送入时间戳緩存子单元供时钟调整单元读取; 时间戳提取单元通过交 换单元收到时间戳处理子单元传递的同步报文, 并解析该报文, 根据解析 得到的报文配置的时钟模式提取同步报文的发送时间戳 Tl。 如果是一步时 钟模式, 则在同步报文中直接提取时间戳 T1 , 如果是两步时钟模式, 则在 同步报文的下一条跟随报文中提取时间戳 T1。
提取时间戳 T1后, 协议栈处理模块向上一级 BTS基站发送延时请求 报文, 延时请求报文经过交换单元到达时间戳处理子单元, 时间戳处理子 单元检测 4艮文的帧前导并形成一个提取本地时间的标志, 生成该 文的发 送时间戳 Τ3 , 当解析出该报文是延时请求报文时, 把该报文发送给上一级 BTS基站,并把所述延时请求报文的发送时间戳 Τ3存入时间戳緩存子单元 供时钟调整单元读取。
接着, 时间戳处理子单元接收上一级 BTS基站发送的响应所述延时请 求报文的包含延时请求报文的接收时间戳 Τ4的延时请求响应报文,检测报 文的帧前导并形成一个提取本地时间的标志, 生成该报文的接收时间戳, 当解析出该报文是延时请求响应报文时, 丟弃生成的时间戳, 并通过交换 单元把该报文传递至时间戳提取单元, 由时间戳提取单元解析该报文, 并 从中提取所述延时请求报文的接收时间戳 T4, 并存入緩存。
最后, 所述时钟调整单元读取时间戳 Tl、 Τ2、 Τ3和 Τ4, 确定 Toffset, 调整本地时钟。
Toffset可以通过如下公式( 1 )确定:
Toffset=(T4-T3)+(T1-T2) ( 1 )
2
假设本地 BTS基站的时间与上一级 BTS基站的时间之间存在 Toffset, 有公式 (2)成立:
上一级 BTS基站的时间 =本地 BTS基站的时间 +Toffset ( 2 ) 本地 BTS基站接收上一级 BTS基站发送的同步报文,生成同步报文的 接收时间戳 T2, 并从同步报文或下一条的跟随报文中提取同步报文的发送 时间戳 T1 , 此时可建立如下公式( 3 )··
T2 = T1 + Td- Toffset (3) 本地 BTS基站向上一级 BTS基站发送延时请求报文,生成延时请求报 文的发送时间戳 T3, 然后,接收上一级 BTS基站发送的包含延时请求报文 的接收时间戳 T4的延时请求响应报文, 并提取时间戳 T4, 此时可建立如 下公式( 4 ):
T3 = T4-Td- Toffset (4) 其中, Td为报文在 BTS基站间传输时的路径延时; 使用公式(3) + 公式(4), 即可得到公式(1)。
确定 Toffset后, 本地 BTS基站的时间加上 Toffset, 实现本地 BTS基 站的时钟同步。
上述计算 Toffset的方法不限于此, 也可以利用四个时间戳经过各种其 他算法计算 Toffset。
本地时钟调节后, 同步报文通过从时钟端口周期性发送给下一级 BTS 基站, 该同步报文通过交换单元传递至时间戳处理子单元后, 时间戳处理 子单元检测报文的帧前导并形成一个提取本地时间的标志, 生成同步报文 的发送时间戳, 当解析出该报文是同步报文时, 保留所述时间戳; 解析该 报文, 得到报文的配置时钟模式, 如果是一步时钟模式, 则把时间戳放入 该同步报文中, 如果是两步时钟模式, 则把时间戳放入后续的跟随报文中 发送给下一级 BTS基站,并根据下一级 BTS基站的响应情况, 发送其它相 关的报文, 使下一级 BTS基站完成时钟同步。
对于本发明所述的同步报文和延时请求报文, 发送方需要记录准确的 发送时间, 接收方需要记录准确的接收时间, 从而确定 Toffset, 实现时钟 同步。
图 4显示了本发明实施例提供的本地 BTS基站实现从时钟功能的方法 流程图, 如图 4所示, 该方法包括以下步骤:
S401 :时间戳处理子单元检测从唯一的从时钟端口传递的报文的帧前 导, 并产生能够提取本地时间的标志;
S402:该标志提取本地时间, 并生成时间戳保存下来;
S403:解析接收到的报文是否是同步报文, 如果是同步报文, 则进行 S404, 否则将保留的时间戳扔掉;
S404:把保存下来的时间戳送入时间戳緩存子单元, 所述时间戳为同步 报文的接收时间戳 T2;
S405:协议栈处理模块通过交换单元得到并解析报文, 如果解析的是同 步报文, 则会发起读取时间戳 T2的命令, 通过时间戳传递单元读取时间戳 緩存子单元中的时间戳 T2;
S406: 协议栈处理模块解析同步报文, 如果同步报文是一步时钟模式, 则从同步报文里解析出关于上一级 BTS基站发送同步报文的时间戳 T1 ,如 果是两步时钟模式,则从随后接收的跟随报文中提取时间戳 T1并存入緩存; S407:提取时间戳 T1 后, 协议栈处理模块发送延时请求报文, 通过交 换单元到达时间戳处理子单元;
S408:时间戳处理子单元接收延时请求报文, 并生成延时请求报文的发 送时间戳 T3 , 解析到是延时请求报文时, 进行 S409, 否则, 将保留的时间 戳扔掉;
S409:将时间戳 T3保存到时间戳緩存子单元, 供协议栈处理模块通过 时间戳传递单元从时间戳緩存子单元提取时间戳 T3;
S410:协议栈处理模块接收并解析上一级 BTS基站发送的延时请求响 应才艮文, 从中获取上一级 BTS基站接收延时请求 4艮文时的接收时间戳 T4, 并存入时间戳緩存子单元;
S411 :读取 Tl、 Τ2、 Τ3和 Τ4, 确定 Toffset, 调整本地时钟。
图 5是本发明实施例提供的本地 BTS基站实现主时钟功能的方法流程 图, 如图 5所示, 该方法包括以下步骤:
S501 :协议栈处理模块通过主时钟端口周期性向下一级 BTS基站发送 同步报文, 通过交换单元到达时间戳处理子单元;
S502:时间戳处理子单元检测报文的帧前导, 并产生一个提取本地时间 的标志,生成该报文的发送时间戳;
S503:如果解析的报文是同步报文, 进行 S504, 否则把时间戳扔掉;
S504:根据该报文配置的时钟模式, 把所述时间戳即同步报文的发送时 间戳 T1发送给下一级 BTS基站;
如果是一步时钟模式, 则把所述时间戳 T1放入同步报文中; 如果是两 步时钟模式, 则把所述时间戳 T1放入随后的跟随报文, 发送给下一级 BTS 基站;
S505:时间戳处理子单元接收下一级 BTS基站发送的延时请求报文,生 成该报文的接收时间戳; S506:时间戳处理子单元解析报文是否是延时请求报文, 如果是延时请 求报文,则把所述时间戳即延时请求报文的接收时间戳 T4放入时间戳緩存 子单元, 否则将所述时间戳丟弃;
S507:协议栈处理模块解析到是延时请求报文后, 通过时间戳传递单元 从时间戳緩存子单元中读取所述时间戳 T4, 并把所述时间戳放入延时请求 响应报文中, 通过交换单元、 时间戳处理子单元和与下一级 BTS基站相连 的主时钟端口发送出去。
本地 BTS基站做上一级 BTS基站的从时钟时,可以按照附图 4所示的 步骤进行, 做下一级 BTS基站的主时钟时, 可以按照附图 5所示的步骤进 行。
尽管上文对本发明进行了详细说明, 但是本发明不限于此, 本技术领 域技术人员可以根据本发明的原理进行各种修改。 因此, 凡按照本发明原 理所做的修改, 都应当理解为落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种实现边界时钟的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括:
A)接收来自上一级基站收发台 BTS基站的同步报文, 生成并保存同步 报文的接收时间戳 T2;
B)解析所述同步报文, 提取同步报文的发送时间戳 T1 ;
C)向所述上一级 BTS基站发送延时请求报文, 生成和保存所述延时请 求报文的发送时间戳 T3;
D)接收并解析上一级 BTS基站返回的含有接收所述延时请求报文的接 收时间戳 T4 的延时请求响应报文, 提取所述延时请求报文的接收时间戳 T4;
E)根据所述时间戳 Tl、 Τ2、 Τ3和 Τ4确定的时钟偏差 Toffset, 调整本 地时钟。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的实现边界时钟的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步 骤 A ) 为:
接收来自上一级 BTS基站的报文;
根据所述报文的帧前导, 产生一个会提取本地时间的标志, 生成所述 报文的接收时间戳;
解析所述报文, 若所述报文是同步报文, 则保存所述接收时间戳。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的实现边界时钟的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步 骤 B )为:
解析所述同步报文, 得到所述同步报文的配置时钟模式;
若是一步时钟模式, 则提取所述同步报文中含有的同步报文的发送时 间戳;
若是两步时钟模式, 则提取所述同步报文的下一条跟随报文中含有的 同步报文的发送时间戳。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的实现边界时钟的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步 骤 C )为:
向上一级 BTS基站发送报文;
根据所述报文的帧前导, 产生一个会提取本地时间的标志, 生成所述 报文的发送时间戳;
解析所述报文是延时请求报文, 则保存所述发送时间戳。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的实现边界时钟的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步 骤 D )为:
接收来自上一级 BTS基站的报文;
根据报文的帧前导, 产生一个会提取本地时间的标志, 生成所述报文 的接收时间戳;
解析所述报文, 若所述报文是含有上一级 BTS基站接收所述延时请求 报文的接收时间戳的延时请求响应报文, 则丟弃生成的接收时间戳, 提取 所述延时请求响应 ^艮文中的所述延时请求 ^艮文的接收时间戳。
6、 根据权利要求 1 所述的实现边界时钟的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 Toffset与所述时间戳 Tl、 T2、 T3和 T4满足如下关系:
τ ff t (T4-T3) + (T1- T2)
Toffset =
2
7、 根据权利要求 1至 6中任一所述的实现边界时钟的方法, 其特征在 于,本地时钟调整后, 向一个或一个以上的下一级 BTS基站发送同步报文。
8、 一种实现边界时钟的装置, 其特征在于, 该装置包括:
时间戳生成及保存单元, 用于通过接收来自上一级 BTS基站的同步报 文, 生成并保存同步报文的接收时间戳 T2, 通过向所述上一级 BTS基站发 送延时请求报文, 生成并保存所述延时请求报文的发送时间戳 T3;
时间戳提取单元,用于通过解析上一级 BTS基站发送的所述同步报文, 上一级 BTS基站返回的含有接收所述延时请求报文的接收时间戳 T4的延 时请求响应报文, 提取所述延时请求报文的接收时间戳 T4;
时钟调整单元, 用于根据所述时间戳 Tl、 Τ2、 Τ3和 Τ4确定 Toffset, 并利用所述时钟偏差调整本地时钟。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述实现边界时钟的装置, 其特征在于, 该装置还 包括:
交换单元, 用于在所述时间戳生成及保存单元和所述时间戳提取单元 之间传递 4艮文;
时间戳传递单元, 用于把所述时间戳 T2和所述时间戳 T3传递给时钟 调整单元。
10、 根据权利要求 8或 9所述实现边界时钟的装置, 其特征在于, 所 述时间戳生成及保存单元进一步包括:
时间戳处理子单元, 用于接收来自上一级 BTS基站的同步报文, 生成 同步报文的接收时间戳 T2, 并向所述上一级 BTS基站发送延时请求报文, 生成所述延时请求报文的发送时间戳 T3;
时间戳緩存子单元,用于緩存所述的同步报文的接收时间戳 T2和所述 延时请求报文的发送时间戳 T3。
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