WO2011158841A1 - Cigs型の太陽電池およびそのための電極付きガラス基板 - Google Patents
Cigs型の太陽電池およびそのための電極付きガラス基板 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011158841A1 WO2011158841A1 PCT/JP2011/063615 JP2011063615W WO2011158841A1 WO 2011158841 A1 WO2011158841 A1 WO 2011158841A1 JP 2011063615 W JP2011063615 W JP 2011063615W WO 2011158841 A1 WO2011158841 A1 WO 2011158841A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mass
- glass substrate
- layer
- electrode layer
- solar cell
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 44
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 44
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 203
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 54
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 27
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(oxolan-2-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1CCCO1 WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 Cu (In Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001004 secondary ion mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052795 boron group element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001443 photoexcitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001552 radio frequency sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010913 antigen-directed enzyme pro-drug therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052798 chalcogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chalcopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[Fe+2].[Cu+2] DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052951 chalcopyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNHVEGMHOXTHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Mg+2].[Zn+2] PNHVEGMHOXTHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005365 phosphate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005477 sputtering target Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
- C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
- C03C3/087—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/18—Metallic material, boron or silicon on other inorganic substrates
- C23C14/185—Metallic material, boron or silicon on other inorganic substrates by cathodic sputtering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/036—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes
- H01L31/0392—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates ; characterised by specific substrate materials or substrate features or by the presence of intermediate layers, e.g. barrier layers, on the substrate
- H01L31/03923—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates ; characterised by specific substrate materials or substrate features or by the presence of intermediate layers, e.g. barrier layers, on the substrate including AIBIIICVI compound materials, e.g. CIS, CIGS
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
- H01L31/072—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type
- H01L31/0749—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type including a AIBIIICVI compound, e.g. CdS/CulnSe2 [CIS] heterojunction solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/541—CuInSe2 material PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a CIGS type solar cell and members constituting such a solar cell.
- CIGS Copper-Indium-Gallium-DiSelenide
- CIGS Copper-Indium-Gallium-DiSelenide
- a general CIGS type solar cell is configured by laminating a Mo (molybdenum) electrode, a CIGS layer, a buffer layer, and a ZnO (zinc oxide) electrode in this order on a substrate such as glass.
- the buffer layer is an n-type semiconductor layer
- the CIGS layer is a p-type semiconductor layer. Therefore, when the CIGS layer (pn junction) is irradiated with light, a photoelectromotive force is generated by photoexcitation of electrons. For this reason, a direct current can be taken out from both electrodes by light irradiation to the solar cell.
- the CIGS layer is usually composed of a compound such as Cu (In, Ga) Se 2 . Further, it is known that the CIGS layer has a reduced defect density and an improved carrier concentration due to the presence of an alkali metal such as Na (sodium). When a CIGS layer having a high carrier concentration is used, the energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell is improved.
- the sputtering method is preferable because it can form a film with high uniformity over a large area.
- the DC sputtering method using direct current discharge is particularly suitable for forming a film with a large area.
- the conventional target material of a compound containing Na as a group 1 of the periodic table is insulative, and is limited only to application of RF sputtering.
- the group 1 when sputtering is applied to a compound containing a group 1, the group 1 remains as a contamination on the inner wall of the chamber, and film formation of a member applied to a device that hates the group 1 is used in the same chamber. There is a problem that it is difficult.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a background.
- CIGS can diffuse an alkali metal in a CIGS layer without increasing the manufacturing process or complicating the layer structure. It is an object to provide a solar cell of a type and a member for constituting such a solar cell.
- a CIGS type solar cell A glass substrate; A back electrode layer installed on the glass substrate; A CIGS layer disposed on the back electrode; A buffer layer disposed on the CIGS layer; A transparent surface electrode layer disposed on the buffer layer;
- the back electrode layer contains Mo (molybdenum) and W (tungsten), and the total content of W in the back electrode layer is 50 mol% or less.
- the total content of W in the back electrode layer may be 1 mol% or more.
- the back electrode layer is a laminated film including a Mo film and a Mo—W alloy film, or a laminated film including two or more kinds of Mo—W alloy films having different W contents. There may be.
- the back electrode layer may have a thickness in the range of 20 nm to 1500 nm.
- the glass substrate is a silica-based glass substrate containing 50% by mass to 75% by mass of SiO 2 in terms of oxide, 2% by mass to 15% by mass of Na 2 O, and It may contain 0% by mass to 10% by mass of K 2 O.
- the glass substrate may be 1% by mass to 15% by mass Al 2 O 3 , 0% by mass to 2% by mass B 2 O 3 , 0% by mass to 10% in terms of oxide. mass% of MgO, 0% to 11% by weight of CaO, 0% to 12% by weight of SrO, 0 to 10% by weight of BaO, 0% to 6 wt% ZrO 2, 50 wt% It may contain 75% by weight of SiO 2 , 2% by weight to 15% by weight of Na 2 O, and 0% by weight to 10% by weight of K 2 O.
- the back electrode layer includes Mo (molybdenum) and W (tungsten), and the total content of W in the back electrode layer is 50 mol% or less.
- the total content of W in the back electrode layer may be 1 mol% or more.
- the back electrode layer is a laminated film containing a Mo film and a Mo—W alloy film, or a laminated film containing two or more kinds of Mo—W alloy films having different W contents. It may be a film.
- the back electrode layer may have a thickness in the range of 20 nm to 1500 nm.
- the glass substrate is a silica-based glass substrate containing 50% by mass to 75% by mass of SiO 2 in terms of oxide, and 2% by mass to 15% by mass of Na 2 O. , And 0% to 10% by weight of K 2 O.
- the glass substrate is 1% by mass to 15% by mass of Al 2 O 3 , 0% by mass to 2% by mass of B 2 O 3 , 0% by mass in terms of oxide.
- a CIGS type solar cell capable of diffusing an alkali metal in a CIGS layer without increasing the manufacturing process or complicating the layer structure. Moreover, it becomes possible to provide the member for comprising such a solar cell.
- No. 1-No. 6 is a graph showing measurement results of Na diffusion behavior obtained in each sample of 6.
- No. 3 to No. 6 is a graph showing measurement results of specific resistance obtained in each of the six samples.
- No. 7 and no. It is a graph which shows the measurement result of Na diffusion behavior obtained in each sample of 8.
- No. 7 and no. 10 is a graph showing measurement results of K diffusion behavior obtained in each of the eight samples.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of an example of a conventional CIGS type solar cell.
- a conventional CIGS solar cell 10 includes an insulating substrate 11, a first conductive layer 12a, an alkali metal-containing layer (alkali metal supply layer) 19, and a second conductive layer.
- the layer 12b, the light absorption layer 13, the first semiconductor layer 14, the second semiconductor layer 15, and the transparent conductive layer 16 are stacked in this order.
- the solar cell 10 has extraction electrodes 17 and 18.
- the arrow 90 indicates the incident direction of light with respect to the solar cell 10.
- the first conductive layer 12 a and the second conductive layer 12 b are made of Mo (molybdenum) and function as the positive electrode of the solar cell 10.
- the transparent conductive layer 16 is made of ZnO (zinc oxide) or the like and functions as the negative electrode of the solar cell 1.
- the first semiconductor layer 14 and the second semiconductor layer 15 are also called buffer layers, and a shunt path of a solar cell is formed by forming a high resistance layer between the light absorption layer 13 and the transparent conductive layer 16. ).
- the light absorption layer 13 is usually composed of a compound such as Cu (In, Ga) Se 2 .
- this layer is referred to as a “CIGS layer 13”.
- the alkali metal supply layer 19 is provided to supply the alkali metal to the CIGS layer 13.
- the alkali metal supply layer 19 is made of a compound such as Na 2 S, Na 2 Se, NaCl, or NaF, for example.
- the CIGS layer 13 is known to have a reduced defect density and improved carrier concentration due to the diffusion of an alkali metal such as Na (sodium). Therefore, when the alkali metal supply layer 19 is installed in the vicinity of the CIGS layer 13, the alkali metal moves from the alkali metal supply layer 19 toward the CIGS layer 13, thereby reducing the defect density of the CIGS layer 13. Carrier concentration is improved. Thereby, the energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell 10 is improved.
- the buffer layers 14 and 15 are n-type semiconductor layers, and the CIGS layer 13 is a p-type semiconductor layer. Therefore, when the CIGS layer 13 (pn junction) is irradiated with light, a photovoltaic force is generated by photoexcitation of electrons. For this reason, the solar cell 10 was connected to the extraction electrode 17 connected to the first conductive layer 12a and the second conductive layer 12b (hereinafter positive electrode) and the transparent conductive layer 16 (negative electrode) by light irradiation. A direct current can be taken out through the take-out electrode 18.
- the alkali metal supply layer 19 having the above-described composition usually has a problem that it has a hygroscopic property or dissolves in water, resulting in poor durability.
- the sputtering method is preferable because it can form a film with high uniformity over a large area.
- the DC sputtering method using direct current discharge is particularly suitable for film formation with a large area.
- the conventional target material of a compound containing Na as a group 1 is insulative and has been limited to application of RF sputtering.
- the group 1 when sputtering is applied to a compound containing a group 1, the group 1 remains as a contamination on the inner wall of the chamber, and it is difficult to use in the same chamber the film formation of a member applied to a device that hates the group 1 There is.
- a desired amount of alkali metal can be diffused into the CIGS layer without increasing the manufacturing process or complicating the layer structure, as will be described in detail later.
- a possible CIGS solar cell can be provided.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of an example of a CIGS type solar cell 100 according to the present invention.
- the CIGS type solar cell 100 includes a glass substrate 120, a back electrode layer 130, a CIGS layer 160, a buffer layer 170, and a transparent surface electrode layer 180 in this order. It is constituted by doing.
- the solar cell 100 has an extraction part electrically connected to each electrode layer, such as the extraction electrodes 17 and 18 shown in FIG.
- An arrow 190 indicates the incident direction of light with respect to the CIGS type solar cell 100.
- the glass substrate 120 contains one or more alkali metals selected from Li (lithium), Na (sodium), and K (potassium).
- the back electrode layer 130 contains Mo (molybdenum) and W (tungsten), and the total content of W: (W / (Mo + W)) ⁇ 100 is 50 mol% or less.
- the back electrode layer 130 is provided in the form of a Mo—W alloy.
- the amount of alkali metal diffused from the glass substrate 120 to the CIGS layer 160 by adjusting the total content of W can be controlled relatively easily.
- the total content of W is in the range of 0 mol% to 50 mol%, particularly in the range of 1 mol% to 50 mol%, as the total content of W increases, from the glass substrate 120.
- the diffusion amount of alkali metal from the glass substrate 120 tends to decrease as the total content of W increases. is there.
- the back electrode layer 130 is configured as a laminated film of two or more layers and at least one layer contains both Mo and W
- the amount of alkali metal that diffuses from the glass substrate 120 into the CIGS layer 160 can be controlled relatively easily.
- a Mo—W alloy film having a W content of 50 mol% and having a high ability to diffuse an alkali metal and a Mo film having a low ability to diffuse Na are used in a laminated state, the resulting diffusion amount of the alkali metal Can obtain an intermediate diffusion amount when each is used as a single layer.
- the defect density is reduced and the carrier concentration is improved. Therefore, in the solar cell 100 of the present invention, it can be expected that high energy conversion efficiency can be obtained.
- the conventional alkali metal supply layer 19 is installed. There is no need to do it. Therefore, in the configuration of the present invention, there is no problem that an extra process is added or the layer structure is complicated when the solar cell is manufactured. Moreover, since the conventional alkali metal supply layer 19 is not used, there is an effect that the reliability of the solar cell member does not decrease due to moisture absorption or dissolution in water.
- the glass substrate 120 has a function of supporting each member laminated on the top.
- the shape of the substrate is not limited to a flat plate shape, and may be a tubular shape.
- the shape of the substrate may be any shape as long as it has a function of supporting each member laminated on the upper portion.
- the composition of the glass substrate 120 is not particularly limited as long as the glass substrate 120 contains one or more alkali metals selected from Li (lithium), Na (sodium), and K (potassium). Among alkali metals, it is particularly preferable to contain Na and K.
- the total content of such alkali metals is preferably at least 2% by mass, more preferably 8% by mass or more, based on the entire glass substrate (100% by mass). Moreover, the upper limit of content of an alkali metal is 22 mass%. When the total content of alkali metals is less than 2% by mass, it becomes difficult to supply a sufficient amount of alkali metals to the CIGS layer 160, and the glass itself is difficult to manufacture.
- the glass substrate 120 may be, for example, a silica glass substrate or a phosphate glass substrate.
- the glass substrate 120 may be, for example, a silica-based glass substrate containing an alkali component.
- an alkali component For example, it is 50% by mass to 75% by mass, preferably 53% by mass to 74% in terms of oxide.
- SiO 2 1% by mass to 15% by mass, preferably 1% by mass to 13% by mass of Al 2 O 3 , 0% by mass to 2% by mass, preferably 0% by mass to 1% by mass of B 2 O 3 , 0% to 10% by weight, preferably 1.5% to 8% by weight MgO, 0% to 11% by weight, preferably 2% to 10% by weight CaO, 0% to 12% by weight %, Preferably 1% to 7% by weight SrO, 0% to 10% by weight, preferably 0% to 6% by weight BaO, 0% to 6% by weight, preferably 1% to 5% by weight.
- the thickness of the glass substrate is not limited to this, but is, for example, in the range of 0.5 mm to 6 mm, and preferably in the range of 1 mm to 4 mm.
- the back electrode layer 130 includes Mo (molybdenum) and W (tungsten), and the total content of W (mol ratio (%) to Mo + W) is 50 mol% or less.
- the back electrode layer 130 is provided in the form of a Mo—W alloy.
- the total content of W is preferably in the range of 1 mol% to 50 mol%. If the total content of W is less than 1 mol%, the effect of adding W may not be sufficiently obtained. Moreover, when the total content of W exceeds 50 mol%, the adhesion with the glass substrate 120 may be reduced. More preferably, the total content of W is 10 mol% to 50 mol%.
- the thickness of the back electrode layer 130 is, for example, in the range of 20 nm to 1500 nm (for example, 800 nm). When the film thickness of the back electrode layer 130 is increased, the adhesion with the glass substrate 120 may be reduced. Further, as the back electrode layer 130 becomes thinner, the electrical resistance of the electrode increases.
- the thickness of the back electrode layer 130 is preferably in the range of 100 nm to 1000 nm, for example.
- the back electrode layer 130 may be a laminated film including a Mo film and a Mo—W alloy film, or including two or more kinds of Mo—W alloy films having different W contents. Good.
- the total film thickness may have a thickness in the range of 20 nm to 1500 nm.
- the thickness of the back electrode layer 130 is, for example, in the range of 20 nm to 1500 nm (eg, 800 nm).
- the film thickness of the back electrode layer 130 is increased, the adhesion with the glass substrate 120 may be reduced.
- the back electrode layer 130 becomes thinner, the electrical resistance of the electrode increases.
- the thickness of the back electrode layer 130 is preferably in the range of 100 nm to 1000 nm, for example.
- the formation method of the back electrode layer 130 is not particularly limited.
- the back electrode layer 130 may be formed on the glass substrate 120 by, for example, sputtering, vapor deposition, vapor deposition (PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition), CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition)), or the like.
- PVD Physical Vapor Deposition
- CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
- CIGS layer 160 is made of a compound containing a group 11 element, a group 13 element, and a group 16 element in the periodic table.
- the CIGS layer 160 may be made of a semiconductor having a crystal structure similar to that of chalcopyrite, for example.
- the CIGS layer 160 includes at least one element M selected from the group consisting of Cu (copper), In (indium), and Ga (gallium), and a group consisting of Se (selenium) and S (sulfur). And at least one selected element A.
- it can be used as a CIGS layer 160, CuInSe 2, CuIn (Se , S) 2, Cu (In, Ga) Se 2, and Cu (In, Ga) (Se , S) 2 and the like.
- the thickness of the CIGS layer 160 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, in the range of 1000 nm to 3000 nm, and preferably in the range of 1300 nm to 2300 nm.
- the buffer layer 170 is made of, for example, a compound containing Cd (cadmium) or Zn (zinc).
- the compound containing Cd include CdS (cadmium sulfide), and examples of the compound containing Zn include materials such as ZnO (zinc oxide), ZnS (sulfurized zinc), and ZnMgO (zinc magnesium oxide).
- the buffer layer 170 may be composed of a plurality of semiconductor layers as in the configuration shown in FIG.
- the first layer on the side close to the CIGS layer 160 is made of the compound containing CdS or Zn as described above, and the second layer on the side far from the CIGS layer 160 is ZnO (zinc oxide). Or a material containing ZnO.
- the film thickness of the buffer layer 170 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, in the range of 50 nm to 300 nm, preferably in the range of 100 nm to 250 nm.
- the transparent surface electrode layer 180 includes a material such as ZnO (zinc oxide) or ITO (indium tin oxide). Alternatively, these materials may be doped with a group 13 element such as Al (aluminum).
- the transparent surface electrode layer 180 may be formed by laminating a plurality of layers.
- the thickness of the transparent surface electrode layer 180 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, in the range of 100 nm to 3000 nm, preferably in the range of 200 nm to 2500 nm.
- a conductive extraction member may be further electrically connected to the transparent surface electrode layer 180.
- a takeout member is made of, for example, one or more metals selected from Ni (nickel), Cr (chromium), Al (aluminum), and Ag (silver).
- a glass substrate for forming a back electrode layer was prepared.
- the dimensions of the glass substrate were 50 mm long ⁇ 50 mm wide ⁇ 2 mm thick.
- the glass substrate in terms of oxide, SiO 2 of 72.8 wt%, 1.9 wt% of Al 2 O 3, 3.7 wt% of MgO, 8.1 wt% of CaO, 13.1 weight % Na 2 O and 0.3% by weight K 2 O.
- a sputtering apparatus As the sputtering apparatus, a sputtering apparatus (ATC 1500, manufactured by AJA INTERNIONAL) was used.
- the back electrode layer having a different composition was formed by adjusting the power ratio to be applied to each target during sputtering.
- the thickness of the back electrode layer was 500 nm in all cases.
- the atmosphere was argon gas and the sputtering pressure was 1.3 Pa.
- the film formation temperature was room temperature.
- Table 1 summarizes the numbers of the prepared samples and the composition of the back electrode layer (20Mo-80W, etc.).
- 20Mo-80W means that the composition of the back electrode layer is 20 mol% Mo and 80 mol% W.
- each sample No. 1-No. 6 an ITO (indium tin oxide) film having a thickness of about 300 nm was formed on the upper surface of the back electrode layer by sputtering to prepare an evaluation sample.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- a magnetron DC sputtering apparatus was used for forming the ITO film.
- a sputtering apparatus (model number SPL-711V, manufactured by Tokki Co., Ltd.) was used for forming the ITO film.
- An ITO target doped with 10% by mass of SnO 2 was used as the target.
- a mixed gas of argon and oxygen was used as the sputtering gas.
- the sputtering pressure was 0.4 Pa.
- the film formation temperature (substrate temperature) was room temperature.
- this evaluation sample was held at 550 ° C. for 30 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere to diffuse Na in the glass substrate into the ITO film.
- the ITO film of the evaluation sample was dry-etched from the outermost surface side using a SIMS (Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy) apparatus (ADEPT 1010, manufactured by ULVAC-PHI), and the amount of Na detected at this time was measured.
- O 2 + ions were used as primary ions.
- the acceleration voltage was 3 kV and the beam current was 200 nA.
- the raster size is 300 ⁇ m ⁇ 300 ⁇ m.
- the etching rate was about 1 nm / second.
- the results obtained for each evaluation sample are shown in FIG. In FIG. 1-No. 6 (that is, corresponding to the total content of W in the back electrode), and the vertical axis represents the detected amount of Na.
- the detected amount of Na on the vertical axis is shown as a ratio of the Na count number to the detected indium (that is, the indium count number).
- FIG. 3 shows that the amount of Na diffused into the ITO from the glass through the back electrode layer can be changed by changing the W content of the back electrode layer. That is, in the configuration of the present invention, it is considered that the amount of Na diffused into the CIGS layer can be controlled relatively easily by adjusting the total content of W.
- the presence of W has the effect of increasing the amount of Na diffusion from the glass.
- W exceeds 50 mol%
- the amount of Na diffusion decreases. This may be related to the fact that as W increases, the crystal grains constituting the Mo—W alloy as the back electrode layer become larger. That is, when W exceeds 50 mol%, the crystal grain boundary that is considered to be a diffusion path of Na decreases, and as a result, the total amount of Na reaching the ITO layer decreases.
- sample no. 1-No. 6 was used to evaluate the adhesion of the back electrode layer.
- Adhesiveness was evaluated based on whether or not peeling occurred on the back electrode layer when an adhesive tape (CT-24, manufactured by Nichiban Co., Ltd.) was applied on the back electrode layer and peeled off.
- CT-24 manufactured by Nichiban Co., Ltd.
- sample no. 3 to No. 6 was used to measure the specific resistance of the back electrode layer.
- LORESTA-FP manufactured by Mitsubishi Yuka Co., Ltd.
- the specific resistance of 3 decreased to about one third. This shows that the specific resistance of the back electrode layer can be reduced by adding W.
- the specific resistance of the back electrode layer greatly affects the characteristics of the solar cell, it is preferable that the specific resistance of the back electrode layer is as small as possible. From this viewpoint, when the Mo layer containing W is used as the back electrode layer, it is expected that the specific resistance of the back electrode layer is suppressed and the characteristics of the solar cell are improved.
- Example 2 of the present invention will be described.
- a glass substrate with an electrode having a back electrode layer of various compositions on the surface of the glass substrate was prepared, and its characteristics were evaluated.
- a glass substrate for forming a back electrode layer was prepared.
- the dimensions of the glass substrate were 50 mm long ⁇ 50 mm wide ⁇ 2.8 mm thick.
- the glass substrate in terms of oxide, 57.7 wt% of SiO 2, 6.9 wt% of Al 2 O 3, 2 wt% of MgO, 5 wt% of CaO, 7% by weight of SrO, 8 mass % BaO, 3% by weight ZrO 2 , 4.3% by weight Na 2 O, and 6% by weight K 2 O.
- a sputtering apparatus As the sputtering apparatus, a sputtering apparatus (ATC 1500, manufactured by AJA INTERNIONAL) was used.
- the composition ratio is 50 mol% Mo and 50 mol% W 50Mo.
- a back electrode layer of ⁇ 50 W was deposited to 100 nm.
- the atmosphere was argon gas, the sputtering pressure was 1.3 Pa, and the film formation temperature (substrate temperature) was room temperature.
- a 400 nm Mo film was formed thereon, and the total thickness was 500 nm.
- the atmosphere for forming the Mo film was argon gas, and the sputtering pressure was 0.4 Pa.
- the film formation temperature (substrate temperature) was room temperature.
- a sample (No. 7) of a glass substrate with an electrode provided with a 50Mo-50W layer and a back electrode layer provided with a Mo layer was obtained.
- the specific resistance of this sample was 16 ⁇ cm, and the adhesion was good.
- a sample in which a Mo film was formed to a thickness of 500 nm was prepared, and a sample (No. 8) of a glass substrate with an electrode on which a Mo single-layer back electrode layer was installed was obtained.
- the atmosphere was argon gas and the sputtering pressure was 0.4 Pa.
- the film formation temperature was room temperature.
- the specific resistance of this sample was 19 ⁇ cm, and the adhesion was good.
- each sample No. 7 and no. 8 an ITO (indium tin oxide) film having a thickness of about 300 nm was formed on the back electrode layer by sputtering to prepare an evaluation sample.
- the ITO film forming conditions are the same as those in Example 1.
- this evaluation sample was held at 580 ° C. for 30 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere to diffuse Na in the glass substrate into the ITO film.
- Example 2 the ITO film of the evaluation sample was dry etched from the outermost surface side, and the Na amount and K amount detected at this time were measured.
- FIG. 5 The results obtained for each evaluation sample are shown in FIG. 5 and FIG.
- the horizontal axis represents the sample No. 7 and no. 8 and the vertical axis represents the measured amount of Na detected.
- the detected amount of Na on the vertical axis is shown as a ratio of the Na count number to the detected indium (that is, the indium count number).
- the horizontal axis represents the sample No. 7 and no. 8 and the vertical axis represents the measured amount of detected K.
- the detected amount of K on the vertical axis is shown as a ratio of the count number of K to the detected indium (that is, the indium count number).
- a Mo film and a Mo—W alloy film can be used in combination.
- the rate of increase in Na diffusion is reduced. This is because the Mo film having a low function of diffusing Na is diffused from the Mo—W alloy film having a high function of promoting Na diffusion. This is thought to be partly due to blocking. From these test results, it was found that the amount of Na diffusion can be controlled by changing the film thickness ratio between the Mo film and the Mo—W alloy film.
- the film thickness ratio between the Mo film and the Mo—W alloy film or the film thickness ratio between two kinds of Mo—W alloy films having different W contents can be adjusted relatively. It is considered that the amount of Na diffused into the CIGS layer can be easily controlled. Even if the composition of Mo—W, which is a sputtering target, is fixed, the diffusion amount of alkali metal can be controlled by the film thickness ratio of the laminated film. Therefore, targets having various compositions are prepared and the Na diffusion amount is controlled. As compared with the above, the amount of Na diffused in the CIGS layer can be easily controlled.
- the CIGS solar cell of the present invention can diffuse a desired amount of alkali metal in the CIGS layer without complicating the layer structure, and has high energy conversion efficiency and little deterioration in efficiency due to light irradiation. It is useful as a CIGS type solar cell having the following characteristics. It should be noted that the entire contents of the specification, claims, drawings and abstract of Japanese Patent Application 2010-139923 filed on June 18, 2010 are cited herein as disclosure of the specification of the present invention. Incorporated.
- SYMBOLS 10 Conventional CIGS type solar cell 11 Insulating substrate 12a 1st conductive layer 12b 2nd conductive layer 13 Light absorption layer 14 1st semiconductor layer 15 2nd semiconductor layer 16 Transparent conductive layers 17 and 18 Extraction electrode DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 19 Alkali metal supply layer 90 Incident direction of light 100 CIGS type solar cell by this invention 120 Glass substrate 130 Back surface electrode layer 160 CIGS layer 170 Buffer layer 180 Transparent surface electrode layer 190 Incident direction of light.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
ガラス基板と、
前記ガラス基板上に設置された裏面電極層と、
前記裏面電極上に設置されたCIGS層と、
前記CIGS層上に設置されたバッファ層と、
前記バッファ層上に設置された透明表面電極層と、
を有し、
前記裏面電極層は、Mo(モリブデン)およびW(タングステン)を含み、前記裏面電極層中の前記Wの総含有量は、50mol%以下であることを特徴とする太陽電池が提供される。
前記ガラス基板の第1の表面に設置された裏面電極層を有し、
前記裏面電極層は、Mo(モリブデン)およびW(タングステン)を含み、前記裏面電極層中の前記Wの総含有量は、50mol%以下であることを特徴とする電極付きガラス基板が提供される。
以下、本発明によるCIGS型の太陽電池100の各構成部材の仕様等について、詳しく説明する。
ガラス基板120は、上部に積層される各部材を支持する機能を有する。基板の形状は、平板状に限らず、管状のものであっても良い。上部に積層された各部材を支持する機能を有する限り、基板の形状は、いかなる形状でもあっても良い。
前述のように、裏面電極層130は、Mo(モリブデン)とW(タングステン)を含み、Wの総含有量(Mo+Wに対するmol比(%))は、50mol%以下である。通常の場合、裏面電極層130は、Mo-W合金の形態で提供される。
CIGS層160は、周期律表の11族元素と、13族元素と、16族元素とを含む化合物で構成される。
バッファ層170は、例えば、Cd(カドミウム)やZn(亜鉛)を含む化合物で構成される。Cdを含む化合物としては、CdS(硫黄化カドミウム)等があり、Znを含む化合物としては、ZnO(酸化亜鉛)、ZnS(硫黄化亜鉛)、ZnMgO(亜鉛マグネシウム酸化物)等の材料がある。
透明表面電極層180は、例えばZnO(酸化亜鉛)、またはITO(インジウムスズ酸化物)のような材料を有する。あるいは、これらの材料にAl(アルミニウム)などの13族元素をドープしても良い。また、透明表面電極層180は、複数の層を積層させて構成しても良い。
まず、裏面電極層形成用のガラス基板を準備した。ガラス基板の寸法は、縦50mm×横50mm×厚さ2mmとした。このガラス基板は、酸化物換算で、72.8質量%のSiO2、1.9質量%のAl2O3、3.7質量%のMgO、8.1質量%のCaO、13.1質量%のNa2O、および0.3質量%のK2Oを含む。
サンプルNo.1~No.6を用いて、Na拡散挙動の測定を行った。
次に、サンプルNo.1~No.6を用いて、裏面電極層の密着性を評価した。
次に、サンプルNo.3~No.6を用いて、裏面電極層の比抵抗を測定した。
まず、裏面電極層形成用のガラス基板を準備した。ガラス基板の寸法は、縦50mm×横50mm×厚さ2.8mmとした。このガラス基板は、酸化物換算で、57.7質量%のSiO2、6.9質量%のAl2O3、2質量%のMgO、5質量%のCaO、7質量%のSrO、8質量%のBaO、3質量%のZrO2、4.3質量%のNa2O、および6質量%のK2Oを含む。
サンプルNo.7、およびNo.8を用いて、NaおよびKの拡散挙動の測定を行った。
なお、2010年6月18日に出願された日本特許出願2010-139923号の明細書、特許請求の範囲、図面及び要約書の全内容をここに引用し、本発明の明細書の開示として、取り入れるものである。
11 絶縁性の基板
12a 第1の導電層
12b 第2の導電層
13 光吸収層
14 第1の半導体層
15 第2の半導体層
16 透明導電層
17、18 取り出し電極
19 アルカリ金属供給層
90 光の入射方向
100 本発明によるCIGS型の太陽電池
120 ガラス基板
130 裏面電極層
160 CIGS層
170 バッファ層
180 透明表面電極層
190 光の入射方向。
Claims (12)
- CIGS型の太陽電池であって、
ガラス基板と、
前記ガラス基板上に設置された裏面電極層と、
前記裏面電極上に設置されたCIGS層と、
前記CIGS層上に設置されたバッファ層と、
前記バッファ層上に設置された透明表面電極層と、
を有し、
前記裏面電極層は、Mo(モリブデン)およびW(タングステン)を含み、前記裏面電極層中の前記Wの総含有量は、50mol%以下であることを特徴とする太陽電池。 - 前記裏面電極層中の前記Wの総含有量は、1mol%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽電池。
- 前記裏面電極層は、実質的にMo膜とMo-W合金膜とからなる積層膜、または実質的にWの含有量の異なる2種以上のMo-W合金膜を含む積層膜とからなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽電池。
- 前記裏面電極層は、20nm~1500nmの範囲の厚さを有することを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の太陽電池。
- 前記ガラス基板は、酸化物換算で、50質量%~75質量%のSiO2を含むシリカ系ガラス基板で、2質量%~15質量%のNa2O、および0質量%~10質量%のK2Oを含むことを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の太陽電池。
- 前記ガラス基板は、酸化物換算で、1質量%~15質量%のAl2O3、0質量%~2質量%のB2O3、0質量%~10質量%のMgO、0質量%~11質量%のCaO、0質量%~12質量%のSrO、0質量%~10質量%のBaO、0質量%~6質量%のZrO2、50質量%~75質量%のSiO2、2質量%~15質量%のNa2O、および0質量%~10質量%のK2Oを含むことを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の太陽電池。
- CIGS型の太陽電池用の電極付きガラス基板であって、
ガラス基板と、
前記ガラス基板の第1の表面に設置された裏面電極層を有し、
前記裏面電極層は、Mo(モリブデン)およびW(タングステン)を含み、前記裏面電極層中の前記Wの総含有量は、50mol%以下であることを特徴とする電極付きガラス基板。 - 前記裏面電極層中の前記Wの総含有量は、1mol%以上であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の電極付きガラス基板。
- 前記裏面電極層は、Mo膜とMo-W合金膜とを含む積層膜、またはWの含有量の異なる2種以上のMo-W合金膜を含む積層膜であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の電極付きガラス基板。
- 前記裏面電極層は、20nm~1500nmの範囲の厚さを有することを特徴とする請求項7~9のいずれか一項に記載の電極付きガラス基板。
- 前記ガラス基板は、酸化物換算で、50質量%~75質量%のSiO2を含むシリカ系ガラス基板で、2質量%~15質量%のNa2O、および0質量%~10質量%のK2Oを含むことを特徴とする請求項7~10のいずれか一つに記載の電極付きガラス基板。
- 前記ガラス基板は、酸化物換算で、1質量%~15質量%のAl2O3、0質量%~2質量%のB2O3、0質量%~10質量%のMgO、0質量%~11質量%のCaO、0質量%~12質量%のSrO、0質量%~10質量%のBaO、および0質量%~6質量%のZrO2、50質量%~75質量%のSiO2、2質量%~15質量%のNa2O、および0質量%~10質量%のK2Oを含むことを特徴とする請求項7~11のいずれか一項に記載の電極付きガラス基板。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020127032796A KR20130098177A (ko) | 2010-06-18 | 2011-06-14 | Cigs 형 태양 전지 및 그것을 위한 전극이 형성된 유리 기판 |
JP2012520462A JPWO2011158841A1 (ja) | 2010-06-18 | 2011-06-14 | Cigs型の太陽電池およびそのための電極付きガラス基板 |
US13/718,306 US20130118575A1 (en) | 2010-06-18 | 2012-12-18 | Cigs type solar cell and electrode-attached glass substrate therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010139923 | 2010-06-18 | ||
JP2010-139923 | 2010-06-18 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/718,306 Continuation US20130118575A1 (en) | 2010-06-18 | 2012-12-18 | Cigs type solar cell and electrode-attached glass substrate therefor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011158841A1 true WO2011158841A1 (ja) | 2011-12-22 |
Family
ID=45348240
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2011/063615 WO2011158841A1 (ja) | 2010-06-18 | 2011-06-14 | Cigs型の太陽電池およびそのための電極付きガラス基板 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130118575A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2011158841A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20130098177A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW201205840A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011158841A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20140005027A1 (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2014-01-02 | Schott Ag | Boron-free universal glass |
WO2014196256A1 (ja) * | 2013-06-03 | 2014-12-11 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 光学素子及びその製造方法 |
KR20150100617A (ko) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-09-02 | 프리솜 에이쥐 | 칼륨이 첨가되는 박막 광전자 소자의 제조 |
JP2016147792A (ja) * | 2015-02-13 | 2016-08-18 | 旭硝子株式会社 | ガラス基板 |
JPWO2015147106A1 (ja) * | 2014-03-25 | 2017-04-13 | 株式会社カネカ | 化合物半導体太陽電池の製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2881998A3 (de) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-07-15 | Anton Naebauer | PV-Modul mit besonders hoher Resistenz gegenüber Degradation durch parasitäre elektrische Ströme |
KR20150057820A (ko) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-28 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 태양 전지 |
TWI488327B (zh) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-11 | Nat Univ Chin Yi Technology | Thin film solar cell structure and process |
TWI488326B (zh) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-11 | Nat Univ Chin Yi Technology | Thin film solar cell molybdenum electrode structure |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004047917A (ja) * | 2002-07-12 | 2004-02-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 薄膜太陽電池およびその製造方法 |
WO2009076690A2 (de) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-06-25 | Plansee Metall Gmbh | Dünnschichtsolarzelle mit molybdän-hältiger rückelektrodenschicht |
JP2009231744A (ja) * | 2008-03-25 | 2009-10-08 | Showa Denko Kk | I−iii−vi族カルコパイライト型薄膜系太陽電池およびその製造方法 |
JP2010118505A (ja) * | 2008-11-13 | 2010-05-27 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | 太陽電池用ガラス基板 |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100132765A1 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2010-06-03 | Cumpston Brian H | Hermetically sealed solar cells |
-
2011
- 2011-06-14 JP JP2012520462A patent/JPWO2011158841A1/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-06-14 KR KR1020127032796A patent/KR20130098177A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-06-14 WO PCT/JP2011/063615 patent/WO2011158841A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-06-17 TW TW100121214A patent/TW201205840A/zh unknown
-
2012
- 2012-12-18 US US13/718,306 patent/US20130118575A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004047917A (ja) * | 2002-07-12 | 2004-02-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 薄膜太陽電池およびその製造方法 |
WO2009076690A2 (de) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-06-25 | Plansee Metall Gmbh | Dünnschichtsolarzelle mit molybdän-hältiger rückelektrodenschicht |
JP2009231744A (ja) * | 2008-03-25 | 2009-10-08 | Showa Denko Kk | I−iii−vi族カルコパイライト型薄膜系太陽電池およびその製造方法 |
JP2010118505A (ja) * | 2008-11-13 | 2010-05-27 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | 太陽電池用ガラス基板 |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20140005027A1 (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2014-01-02 | Schott Ag | Boron-free universal glass |
US9096461B2 (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2015-08-04 | Schott Ag | Boron-free universal glass |
KR20150100617A (ko) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-09-02 | 프리솜 에이쥐 | 칼륨이 첨가되는 박막 광전자 소자의 제조 |
KR102248704B1 (ko) * | 2012-12-21 | 2021-05-06 | 프리솜 에이쥐 | 칼륨이 첨가되는 박막 광전자 소자의 제조 |
WO2014196256A1 (ja) * | 2013-06-03 | 2014-12-11 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 光学素子及びその製造方法 |
JP6015994B2 (ja) * | 2013-06-03 | 2016-10-26 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 光学素子及びその製造方法 |
JPWO2015147106A1 (ja) * | 2014-03-25 | 2017-04-13 | 株式会社カネカ | 化合物半導体太陽電池の製造方法 |
JP2016147792A (ja) * | 2015-02-13 | 2016-08-18 | 旭硝子株式会社 | ガラス基板 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20130118575A1 (en) | 2013-05-16 |
TW201205840A (en) | 2012-02-01 |
JPWO2011158841A1 (ja) | 2013-08-19 |
KR20130098177A (ko) | 2013-09-04 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2011158841A1 (ja) | Cigs型の太陽電池およびそのための電極付きガラス基板 | |
JP6096790B2 (ja) | 光電池のための導電性基材 | |
US9853177B2 (en) | Photovoltaic device including a back contact and method of manufacturing | |
WO2011152410A1 (ja) | Cigs型の太陽電池およびcigs型の太陽電池用の基板 | |
JP2011517132A (ja) | 電極を支持するガラス基板 | |
JP6313428B2 (ja) | 光電池又は光電池モジュール用のバックコンタクト基材 | |
KR20160005073A (ko) | 광기전력 전지 또는 모듈용 후방 접촉 기판 | |
US20120067414A1 (en) | CdZnO OR SnZnO BUFFER LAYER FOR SOLAR CELL | |
JP2014207477A (ja) | 基板及びそれを用いた集光能力のある素子 | |
KR20160005072A (ko) | 광기전력 전지 또는 모듈용 후방 접촉 기판 | |
KR20140027069A (ko) | 확산-방지층을 갖는 박층 태양 전지 | |
JP2014099613A (ja) | 太陽電池及びその製造方法 | |
US20130092220A1 (en) | Apparatus for generating electricity using solar power and method for manufacturing same | |
KR102227799B1 (ko) | Cigs 박막 태양전지 제조방법 | |
US9331218B2 (en) | Solar cell module and method of manufacturing the same | |
JP6104576B2 (ja) | 化合物系薄膜太陽電池 | |
US20130137208A1 (en) | Method for manufacturing solar cell module | |
JP6193851B2 (ja) | 太陽電池用の伝導性基材 | |
JP2004158556A (ja) | 太陽電池 | |
JP2014096472A (ja) | Cigs型太陽電池用基板及びcigs型太陽電池 | |
KR20130052477A (ko) | 태양전지 및 이의 제조방법 | |
KR20120086202A (ko) | 태양광 발전장치 및 이의 제조방법 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 11795746 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2012520462 Country of ref document: JP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20127032796 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 11795746 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |