WO2011157470A1 - Montage pour déterminer une variation de tension de potentiels de conducteur dans un réseau électrique non mis à la terre - Google Patents

Montage pour déterminer une variation de tension de potentiels de conducteur dans un réseau électrique non mis à la terre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011157470A1
WO2011157470A1 PCT/EP2011/056666 EP2011056666W WO2011157470A1 WO 2011157470 A1 WO2011157470 A1 WO 2011157470A1 EP 2011056666 W EP2011056666 W EP 2011056666W WO 2011157470 A1 WO2011157470 A1 WO 2011157470A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
potentials
measuring
intermediate circuit
network
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/056666
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Trautmann
Vicente Garcia Alvarez
Dragan Mikulec
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2011157470A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011157470A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/16—Measuring impedance of element or network through which a current is passing from another source, e.g. cable, power line
    • G01R27/18—Measuring resistance to earth, i.e. line to ground
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
    • G01R31/343—Testing dynamo-electric machines in operation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults

Definitions

  • Circuit arrangement for determining a voltage fluctuation of
  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for determining a
  • inverter - For the drive in hybrid or electric vehicles electrical machines in the form of induction machines are usually used, which in conjunction with inverters - often referred to as inverter - are operated.
  • the electrical energy for the operation of the electric machine is in this case from a disconnected from the electrical system of the vehicle, ungrounded power supply, e.g. in the form of a powerful high-voltage battery.
  • the ungrounded electrical network created in this way often referred to as the IT network (Isole Terre) - reduces the risk of e.g. of service personnel, since with a single error, such as an insulation fault, no closed circuit is built.
  • the operation must not be adjusted when a single fault occurs, so that an insulation fault can be reported without it already has a system failure. For this, however, it is necessary that the insulation resistance of the electrical network is continuously or at least periodically monitored during operation of the vehicle, which is possible, for example, based on a voltage fluctuation of the conductor potentials of the IT network.
  • Insulation resistance in an IT network with a DC voltage intermediate circuit and at least one self-commutated converter and a measuring arrangement for measuring the DC link voltage against ground potential known in which an offline and an online measurement are provided. It will be during the Offline measurement, during which all circuit breakers of the power converter are closed, the potentials Up and Um and the intermediate circuit voltage are measured and used to determine the insulation resistance. During the online measurement, the potentials Up and Um are measured and the time course of the measurements is evaluated. For this purpose, in particular the two potentials are summed, the sum Fourier-transformed and evaluated the change of the frequency spectrum in its time course.
  • Voltage link with at least one positive branch and one negative branch at least one electrical device having at least two phase terminals, and at least one inverter with switching elements for electrical
  • Connection of the phase terminals with the positive branch or the negative branch of the voltage intermediate circuit comprises. It is envisaged that a
  • Operating state of the inverter during which the inverter is in operation and the electrical device, which is also in a normal mode, feeds, is determined by detecting parameters of a converter control.
  • at least one of the voltages of the positive branch or the negative branch is measured.
  • the present invention provides a circuit arrangement for determining a voltage fluctuation of conductor potentials in an ungrounded electrical network, wherein the network is a DC voltage intermediate circuit, an n-phase network with an n-phase electrical load, with n> 1, and at least one connected to the DC link Inverter for controlling the electrical load includes.
  • a voltage divider in particular a symmetrical voltage divider, is provided which switches between supply voltage potentials of the DC intermediate circuit
  • the voltage divider in this case has a center tap, on which by means of a measuring device one, a measuring voltage characterizing size is measured, the measuring voltage the
  • DC intermediate circuit represents a reference potential.
  • the invention is based on the idea that the center tap of a
  • Measuring voltage derived size which thus characterized the measuring voltage, are measured.
  • the measuring range of the measuring device is adapted to a maximum amplitude of the voltage fluctuation, whereby the measuring accuracy is increased.
  • Measuring voltage of FIG. 2 a graphical representation of the time course of the
  • Measuring voltage of FIG. 4 a graphical representation of the time course of the
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a 3-phase network 1 with a three-phase electric machine 2, which may be designed, for example, as a synchronous, asynchronous or reluctance machine with a connected thereto pulse inverter 3.
  • the pulse inverter 3 includes
  • Supply voltage rail 7 of the DC intermediate circuit 6 adjacent negative supply voltage potential T- switch The connected to the positive supply voltage rail 5 switching elements 4a-4c are also called “high-side switch" and the negative
  • IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
  • MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
  • the pulse inverter 3 further comprises a plurality of freewheeling diodes 8a 8f, which are each arranged parallel to one of the switching elements 4a-4f.
  • the pulse inverter 3 determines the power and mode of operation of the electric machine 2 and is controlled by a controller 9, e.g. in the form of a microcontroller, driven accordingly.
  • the electric machine 2 can be operated either in motor or generator mode.
  • the pulse inverter 3 also includes a so-called
  • DC link capacitor 10 which essentially serves to stabilize a voltage of a high-voltage energy storage in the form of a high-voltage battery 11 in the DC voltage intermediate circuit 6.
  • An electrical system 12 of the vehicle with a low-voltage energy storage in the form of a low-voltage battery 13 is connected via a DC-DC converter 14 parallel to the DC-link capacitor 6.
  • the electric machine 2 is designed in the illustrated embodiment, three-phase, but may also have only two or more than three phases.
  • the number of phases is equal to three or at least divisible.
  • the high-voltage battery 1 in the idle state of the DC voltage intermediate circuit 6 often as
  • a voltage divider 30 is provided, which is preferably designed symmetrically.
  • a measuring voltage U M is measured with the aid of a measuring device 31 relative to the reference potential, which directly a voltage fluctuation of
  • Supply voltage potentials T + and T- represents the DC intermediate circuit 6 against the reference potential.
  • the measuring range is the
  • Voltage measuring device 31 advantageously to a maximum amplitude of
  • the voltage divider 30 can, as shown, be formed from ohmic resistors 32 and 33 or else with the aid of capacitances and / or inductances. Decisive for the usability is only the voltage dividing function. Of course, the
  • Voltage dividers 30 can also be formed from more than two components.
  • the measurement voltage U M of a frequency transformation, preferably a fast Fourier transform (FFT) is subjected to calculate the frequency spectrum of the measurement voltage U M in this way.
  • FFT fast Fourier transform
  • the predetermined electrical frequencies or angular velocities are not fixed values, but dependent on an electrical angular velocity co el of the electric machine 2, which is proportional to the electrical frequency of the electric machine 2. Therefore, a variable characterizing the electrical frequency of the electric machine 2, such as the electrical angular velocity co el , is determined. This determination can be made on the basis of metrological results. Frequently, however, the electrical frequency of the electric machine 2 is also given, so that it is already known.
  • Spectral amplitude is in each case a measure of the deterioration of the
  • FIG. 2 shows the time course of the measuring voltage U M in normal operation of the electric machine 2 and thus of the pulse inverter 3 without insulation fault.
  • the measuring voltage U M runs in the form of an alternating voltage about a zero line, which corresponds to the reference potential, so for example vehicle mass. This process is due to the fact that during the PWM operation
  • Supply voltage potentials T + and T- of the supply voltage rails 5 and 7 alternating voltage components are superimposed.
  • Angular velocity co el now a signal component with a spectral amplitude of, which did not occur in the error-free case, or at least in one
  • Deviation an unbalanced isolation error can be reliably detected.
  • the magnitude amplitude change that is in this case the so
  • Amplitude value itself is a measure of the deterioration of the
  • Insulation resistance In this case, as with the subsequent detection of insulation faults, it is of course also possible to specify a minimum value for the deviation which must be exceeded before an insulation fault is detected.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show the time profile of the measuring voltage U M or the resulting spectral distribution when a symmetrical insulation fault occurs in the 3-phase network 1. This affects the
  • the amount of waste is a measure of the deterioration of the insulation resistance.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un montage pour déterminer une variation de tension de potentiels de conducteur dans un réseau électrique non mis à la terre, le réseau comprenant un circuit intermédiaire à tension continue (6), un réseau à n phases (1) comprenant un récepteur électrique à n phases (2), et au moins un onduleur (3) connecté au circuit intermédiaire à tension continue (6) et destiné à commander le récepteur électrique (2). Selon l'invention, un séparateur de tension (30), notamment un séparateur de tension symétrique, est prévu, lequel est connecté entre les potentiels de tension d'alimentation (31) du circuit intermédiaire à tension continue (6), et présente une prise intermédiaire (M). En outre, un dispositif de mesure (31) est prévu pour mesurer une tension de mesure (UM) au niveau de la prise intermédiaire (M) du séparateur de tension (30), la tension de mesure (UM) représentant la variation de tension des potentiels de tension d'alimentation (Τ+, T-) du circuit intermédiaire à tension continue (6) vis-à-vis du potentiel de référence.
PCT/EP2011/056666 2010-06-15 2011-04-27 Montage pour déterminer une variation de tension de potentiels de conducteur dans un réseau électrique non mis à la terre WO2011157470A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010030083A DE102010030083A1 (de) 2010-06-15 2010-06-15 Schaltungsanordnung zur Bestimmung einer Spannungsschwankung von Leiterpotentialen in einem ungeerdeten elektrischen Netz
DE102010030083.7 2010-06-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011157470A1 true WO2011157470A1 (fr) 2011-12-22

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/EP2011/056666 WO2011157470A1 (fr) 2010-06-15 2011-04-27 Montage pour déterminer une variation de tension de potentiels de conducteur dans un réseau électrique non mis à la terre

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DE (1) DE102010030083A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011157470A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103926441A (zh) * 2014-04-25 2014-07-16 湖南银河电气有限公司 一种新型分压器

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014202602A1 (de) 2013-11-15 2015-05-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer elektrischen Maschine
DE102018221479A1 (de) * 2018-12-12 2020-06-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung zur Fehlererkennung in einem ungeerdeten Hochvoltsystem

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT406620B (de) * 1998-06-18 2000-07-25 Elin Ebg Traction Gmbh Verfahren zur masseschlusserfassung, -lokalisierung und -widerstandsbestimmung bei einem erdfreien umrichtersystem
US20040227521A1 (en) * 2002-11-11 2004-11-18 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Electrical leak detecting apparatus
DE102006031663B3 (de) 2006-07-08 2007-11-15 Semikron Elektronik Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Messung des Isolationswiderstands in einem IT-Netz
EP1909368A2 (fr) * 2006-10-06 2008-04-09 Schmidhauser AG Agencement de commutation et procédé de surveillance d'isolation pour des applications de convertisseur
EP2219041A1 (fr) * 2009-02-13 2010-08-18 BAE SYSTEMS Controls, Inc. Détection robuste d'erreurs de châssis AC utilisant des harmoniques de bande latérale PWM

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT406620B (de) * 1998-06-18 2000-07-25 Elin Ebg Traction Gmbh Verfahren zur masseschlusserfassung, -lokalisierung und -widerstandsbestimmung bei einem erdfreien umrichtersystem
US20040227521A1 (en) * 2002-11-11 2004-11-18 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Electrical leak detecting apparatus
DE102006031663B3 (de) 2006-07-08 2007-11-15 Semikron Elektronik Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Messung des Isolationswiderstands in einem IT-Netz
EP1909368A2 (fr) * 2006-10-06 2008-04-09 Schmidhauser AG Agencement de commutation et procédé de surveillance d'isolation pour des applications de convertisseur
EP1909369A2 (fr) 2006-10-06 2008-04-09 Schmidhauser AG Agencement de commutation et procédé de surveillance d'isolation pour des applications de convertisseur en fonctionnement
EP2219041A1 (fr) * 2009-02-13 2010-08-18 BAE SYSTEMS Controls, Inc. Détection robuste d'erreurs de châssis AC utilisant des harmoniques de bande latérale PWM

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103926441A (zh) * 2014-04-25 2014-07-16 湖南银河电气有限公司 一种新型分压器

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Publication number Publication date
DE102010030083A1 (de) 2011-12-15

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