WO2011147125A1 - 废橡胶回收加工方法及其装置 - Google Patents

废橡胶回收加工方法及其装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011147125A1
WO2011147125A1 PCT/CN2010/075902 CN2010075902W WO2011147125A1 WO 2011147125 A1 WO2011147125 A1 WO 2011147125A1 CN 2010075902 W CN2010075902 W CN 2010075902W WO 2011147125 A1 WO2011147125 A1 WO 2011147125A1
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Prior art keywords
rubber
waste rubber
waste
grinding
shearing
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PCT/CN2010/075902
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English (en)
French (fr)
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顾惠良
顾军
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Gu Huiliang
Gu Jun
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Publication of WO2011147125A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011147125A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2021/00—Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of rubber processing equipment, in particular to a waste rubber recycling processing method and a device thereof.
  • the rapid development of industrial technology has also produced a large number of scrapped or aged rubber products, such as automobile tires, cushioning parts, seals, soles, etc.
  • these waste rubber products can be removed from the internal filling. It is recycled into rubber powder or rubber pellets to make recycled rubber products such as plastic track and rubber mat.
  • the current recycling processing methods mainly include low-temperature freeze-crushing method and normal-temperature physical crushing method.
  • the former limits its popularity and application due to high power consumption and high cost; and the normal temperature physical crushing method has become the main direction of current research and development and application.
  • the invention patent "03150574---automatic assembly line and method for crushing and pulverizing waste rubber products at normal temperature” discloses a fully automatic assembly line for completely sealing and crushing waste rubber at normal temperature, including computer control terminal and shearing block.
  • Device glue block shredding device, medium crushing and medium crushing separation device, fine crushing device, air suspension classifying device, material automatic weighing and packaging device, storage bin and transport device, characterized in that: computer controlled automatic assembly line is composed of Units such as shearing and crushing device, rubber shredder, medium and medium crushing device, fine crushing device, air suspension classifying device, material automatic weighing and packaging device, etc. are connected in series or by two or more unit devices. After the series is composed.
  • the waste rubber recycling processing method requires cutting the waste rubber product into a small rubber block of 20-100 mm by using a shearing and crushing device; then shredding the small rubber block with a shredder separating device, magnetic, wind, screening and separation, 2 ⁇ 5 mesh colloidal particles are obtained; then crushed into 5 ⁇ 10 mesh rubber particles by high speed crushing and separating device; finely crushed into fine powder of 60-500 mesh by fine pulverizing device; finally, particle size grading is carried out by using air suspension device .
  • This type of assembly line equipment has many types, and requires multiple crushing equipment such as a rubber shredder device and a medium crushing device. A four-stage crushing process is required, the process is complicated, the land occupation is large, and the manufacturing and maintenance costs are high.
  • the assembly line uses a rotary cutter type pulverizer to crush the rubber block, and the rotary cutter type pulverizer pulverizes the rubber block by a high-speed rotating blade, and the rotation speed of the blade is about 600 rpm, which is in point contact with the pulverized material. Therefore, the wear amount of the blade is large, and the blade is often required to be maintained or replaced in 2 to 3 days at full load, and the cost is high and the maintenance workload is large.
  • the present applicant has provided a waste rubber recovery processing method and device with reasonable structure and few types of equipment for the above-mentioned existing waste rubber recycling processing equipment, complicated procedures, high manufacturing and maintenance costs, etc., and the invention has low manufacturing and maintenance cost and equipment utilization. High efficiency and high quality of product processing.
  • a method for recycling waste rubber by using the above-mentioned waste rubber recycling processing device comprising the following steps:
  • the first step crushing the waste rubber product into a rubber block by the shearing and breaking device
  • the second step pulverizing the above-mentioned rubber block into rubber particles by the granule pulverizing device;
  • the third step separating the above rubber particles by the separation device to separate the non-rubber material
  • the fourth step grinding the separated rubber particles into a rubber powder through the grinding device;
  • Step 5 Collect and package the above rubber powder.
  • the size of the rubber block is 2 to 10 cm; the size of the rubber particle is 1 to 10 mm; and the size of the rubber powder is 30 to 200 mesh;
  • the unqualified materials are recovered at the end of each step and re-entered into the step for reprocessing.
  • a waste rubber recycling processing device processed according to the above method for recycling waste rubber comprising a controller, a shearing device, a granule pulverizing device, a separating device, a grinding device and a rubber powder collecting device, wherein the controller
  • the controlled shearing device, the granule pulverizing device, the separating device, the grinding device and the rubber powder collecting device are connected in series or two or more of the above unit devices are arranged in parallel, and a conveyor belt is used between the units.
  • Connecting; the cutting and crushing device, the granule pulverizing device and the grinding device are all provided with a material sorting and recycling processing conveyor line. It is further characterized by:
  • a front end of the shearing device is provided with a tire drawing machine
  • the shearing and crushing device is a two-roll hobbing cutter crushing structure
  • the granule pulverizing device is a boring machine structure
  • the separating device comprises an electromagnet chip separating device and a wind-selecting fiber separating device, wherein the electromagnet chip separating device is provided with at least two sets, and the wind-selecting fiber separating device is provided with at least two sets;
  • the grinding device is a flat grinding disc type refiner
  • the rubber powder collecting device comprises an air suspension rubber powder classifier and a packaging machine.
  • the invention adopts the three-stage pulverization process step, simplifies the production process, simplifies the equipment, greatly reduces the equipment input and maintenance cost, and improves the production efficiency.
  • the invention provides a whole waste rubber recycling processing device for screening and filtering the metal and fiber dopants in the waste rubber, and can be cut by special equipment for large-sized materials, so that a large number of waste rubbers such as large engineering tires and seals can be processed. Products, a wide range of applications.
  • the shearing device of the invention is a two-roller hobbing cutter crushing structure
  • the granule pulverizing device is a boring machine structure
  • the grinding device is a flat grinding disc type refining machine, and at the same time, these devices are provided with material sorting equipment and returning materials. Processing the conveying line to prevent the inflow of unqualified materials into the next-level equipment, resulting in equipment damage, and at the same time effectively handling the unqualified materials; different from the shredder, rotary cutter, and horizontal grinding disc crusher repeatedly set in the prior art
  • Such equipment, these equipments have high crushing and grinding efficiency, simple structure, easy to use and maintain, and can quickly and safely treat waste rubber products into high-quality rubber powder.
  • the invention adopts secondary magnetic separation and air separation equipment to remove the filler materials such as steel wire and nylon cloth added in the manufacturing process of the waste rubber product, can substantially remove most of the filler impurities, not only protects the downstream equipment, but also improves the glue.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of the waste rubber recycling processing apparatus of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of Figure 1.
  • the unit device including the series-connected shearing device, the granule pulverizing device, the separating device, the polishing device and the rubber powder collecting device controlled by the controller 22 is connected in series or two or more of the above-mentioned unit devices are arranged in parallel and connected in series.
  • the conveyors are connected between the units; the material separation and recovery and processing conveyor lines are arranged in the shearing crushing device, the granule crushing device and the grinding device.
  • the shear-crushing device 4 For tires of larger size, such as heavy-duty vehicles and special vehicles, it is not possible to directly crush in the shear-crushing device 4, and the large-size tire can be first cut by using a shearing machine 2 as disclosed in the patent '200720039372-tire shearing machine'. A 1/2 or 1/4 piece is then placed in the shearing device 4 for crushing.
  • the wire drawing machine 1 and the shearing machine 2 are not required, and the cutting block breaking device 4 can be directly processed.
  • the waste rubber product is placed on the conveyor 3, lifted and transported to the upper part of the shearing and crushing device 4, and falls into the feeding port of the shearing and crushing device 4 by self-weight;
  • the specific structure of the shearing and crushing device 4 is as patent '200710023161-waste
  • the structure disclosed in the method and apparatus for smashing tires mainly relies on the interlaced multi-row hobbing cutters 401 provided on two mutually intermeshing rolls to smash the waste rubber products, and smash the large pieces of waste rubber products into 2 pieces.
  • the rubber block is dropped from below the hobbing cutter 401 to the trommel 402, the rubber block having a size smaller than the mesh hole is dropped on the lower conveying belt 403 through the mesh hole, and the rubber block having a size larger than the mesh hole follows the roller
  • the rotary motion of the screen 402 is carried over the hobbing cutter 401, and falls back between the hobbing cutters 401 under the action of its own weight, and is re-sheared and pulverized.
  • the rubber block of the required size is conveyed to the hopper opening 601 of the granule pulverizing device 6 through the conveying belt 403 and the conveyor 5, and the specific structure of the granule pulverizing device 6 is as follows: '200720039371-Block pulverizer' and '201010183792.2-Rubber ⁇
  • the structure disclosed in the cutting machine mainly relies on the screw feeding structure to transport the rubber block to the conical chopping cavity, and under the action of the pressing and shearing of the chopping screw head and the chopping sleeve, 2 to 10 cm
  • the rubber block is pulverized into rubber particles of 1 to 10 mm, and the pulverized rubber particles are transferred from the outlet end of the granule pulverizing device 6 to the vibrating screen 21 and conveyed forward, and sequentially passed through the belt type iron removing machine 7 and the suction type coarse fiber.
  • the belt type iron removing machine 7 is provided with an electromagnet between the conveying belts.
  • the iron wire and the metal piece in the pulverized particles in the vibration are magnetically attracted to the belt by the electromagnet, and the belt is rolled to the end of the pulley, and the electromagnet is left.
  • the adsorbed metal piece is scraped off by the side scraper to the iron scrap collection box;
  • the suction type coarse fiber separator 8 is provided with an air suction port on the upper part of the vibrating screen 21 to suck the coarse fiber in the pulverized particles in the vibration.
  • the small-sized particles passing through the sieve of the vibrating screen 21 are transported to the roller type magnetic separator 20, and the structure thereof is as disclosed in '201020204172.8-roller type iron remover', and the second magnetic separation is performed, and the size is small.
  • the iron chips are separated; the large-sized particles which cannot pass through the sieve of the vibrating screen 21 are separated from the vibrating screen 21, collected, and transported by the return conveyor 9 to the hopper opening 601 of the granule pulverizing device 6, and re-pulverized and pulverized.
  • the invention adopts the granule pulverizing device 6 to replace the rotary pulverizer of the prior art, and the granule pulverizing device pulverizes the material by the principle of low-speed shear grinding, and the rotation speed of the cutting shaft is 30 rpm, which is combined with the pulverized material.
  • the wear of the grinding surface is small, the life of the grinding surface is greatly increased, and the average life cycle is one to two years, which greatly reduces the production cost and maintenance; at the same time, the crushing efficiency is high, compared with the rotation of the same power. Knife mills can double the production per unit time.
  • the pulverized particles that have passed the secondary magnetic separation are sent to the air suspension type fiber separator 10 for secondary fiber separation, and the air suspension type fiber separator 10 is patented as '200320118550 -
  • the structure disclosed in the air flow sorter's structure uses a bottom blast, internally provided with rotors and blades, separating materials of different densities and outputting them from different channels of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder.
  • the fiber particles are lighter in density, so The upper collection channel is output; the rubber particles are transported from the bottom delivery channel 18 to the rear mixing bin 11 because of the heavier density.
  • the rubber particles are added with additives such as talc in the mixing bin 11, and are evenly distributed through the feeding conveyor 12 to a plurality of parallel Grinding device 13, mixing bin structure such as '201010183749.6-mixing device', conveyor structure such as '201010183745.8-screw conveyor splitting device', grinding device 13 such as patent '200720039370-gel grinder' Grinding disc type refiner structure, 1 ⁇ 6 mm of rubber particles enters the grinding chamber between the moving disc and the fixed grinding disc, and the cemented carbide insert provided on the grinding disc is pulverized into 30-200 mesh rubber powder under the shearing action. .
  • the rubber powder is conveyed to the air suspension type rubber powder classifier 15.
  • the basic structure of the air suspension type rubber powder classifier 15 is the same as that of the above-mentioned air suspension type fiber separator 10, and the materials of different densities are separated by the swirling airflow and are separated from the inner cylinder. Different channels of the outer cylinder are output, and the rubber powder that meets the requirements is transported by the conveyor 16 to the rubber powder packaging machine at the rear for packaging, and the oversized rubber powder is screened out and returned again through the return pipe 23
  • the polishing device 13 performs secondary polishing.
  • the shearing crushing device, the granule pulverizing device and the grinding device in the device are all provided with material sorting equipment and returning material reprocessing conveying line, thereby improving the utilization rate of the existing equipment and preventing the unqualified materials from flowing into the next level.
  • the invention adopts secondary magnetic separation and air separation equipment to remove the filler materials such as steel wire and nylon cloth added in the manufacturing process of the waste rubber product, can substantially remove most of the filler impurities, not only protects the downstream equipment, but also improves the glue. The purity of the powder to prepare a high quality end product.
  • the above description is illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
  • the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
  • the invention may be modified in any form without departing from the spirit of the invention.
  • the partial device section of the waste rubber recycling processing device is used for the purpose of deep processing the rubber product form of the previous stage to the next stage of the rubber product form.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Description

废橡胶回收加工方法及其装置 Technical Field
本发明涉及橡胶加工设备领域，尤其是一种废旧橡胶回收加工方法及其装置。
 Background Art
工业技术飞速发展的同时也产生了大量的报废或者老化的橡胶制品，例如汽车轮胎、缓冲件、密封件、鞋底等，为了降低其造成严重的环境污染，可以将这些废旧橡胶制品去除内部填充物，回收加工成胶粉或者胶粒，用以制造塑胶跑道、橡胶垫等再生橡胶制品。目前的回收加工方法主要有低温冷冻破碎法、常温物理破碎法等，前者由于功耗大、成本高而限制了其普及与应用；而常温物理破碎法成为目前研发与应用的主要方向。如发明专利“03150574---常温破碎、粉碎废橡胶制品的全自动流水线及方法”所公开的一种在常温下全封闭破碎、粉碎废橡胶的全自动流水线，包括计算机控制终端、剪块破碎装置、胶块撕碎装置、中碎和中碎分离装置、精细粉碎装置、气悬分级装置、物料自动称量包装装置、储存仓以及输运装置，其特征在于：计算机控制的全自动流水线由剪块破碎装置、胶块撕碎装置、中碎和中碎分离装置、精细粉碎装置、气悬分级装置、物料自动称量包装装置等单元装置串联或由二台或二台以上单元装置重复并列后串联组成。这种废橡胶回收加工的工艺方法需要用剪切破碎装置先将废橡胶制品剪切为20～100mm小胶块；再用撕碎分离装置把小胶块撕碎，磁、风、筛选分离，得到2～5目的胶粒；再用中碎及分离装置高速破碎为5～10目胶粒；再用精细粉碎装置精细粉碎为60～500目的精细胶粉；最后采用气悬分离装置进行粒度分级。这套流水线设备种类较多，需要胶块撕碎装置、中碎装置等多重粉碎设备，需要四级粉碎工序，工序复杂，占地大，制造与维护成本高。而且这套流水线采用旋刀式粉碎机对橡胶块进行中碎，旋刀式粉碎机通过高速旋转的刀片将橡胶块粉碎，刀片的转速为600转/分钟左右，其与被粉碎料为点接触，因此刀片的磨损量大，满负荷运转时经常2～3天就会需要维护或更换刀片，成本较高，维护工作量大。
 Technical- Problem
本申请人针对上述现有废橡胶回收加工设备多，工序复杂，制造维护成本高等缺点，提供一种结构合理，设备种类少的废橡胶回收加工方法与装置，本发明制造维护成本低，设备利用效率高，产品加工质量高。
 Technical- Solution
本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
一种采用上述废橡胶回收加工装置进行废橡胶回收加工的方法，包含以下步骤：
第一步：将废橡胶制品通过所述剪块破碎装置破碎为胶块；
第二步：将上述胶块通过所述搓粒粉碎装置粉碎为胶粒；
第三步：将上述胶粒通过所述的分离装置分离非橡胶物质；
第四步：将上述分离后的胶粒通过所述的研磨装置研磨为胶粉；
第五步：将上述胶粉分级收集并包装。
其进一步特征在于：
所述的胶块尺寸为2～10厘米；所述的胶粒尺寸为1～10毫米；所述的胶粉尺寸为30～200目；
所述的第一步骤，第二步骤，第四步骤均在每个步骤末端回收不合格料重新进入本步骤进行再加工。
一种按照上述的废橡胶回收加工的方法进行加工的废橡胶回收加工装置，包括控制器、剪块破碎装置、搓粒粉碎装置、分离装置、研磨装置与胶粉收集装置，由所述控制器控制的剪块破碎装置、搓粒粉碎装置、分离装置、研磨装置与胶粉收集装置等单元装置串联或者二台或二台以上的上述单元装置并列后串联而成，各单元之间采用输送带连接；在所述的剪块破碎装置、搓粒粉碎装置与研磨装置都设置有物料分选与回收再加工输送线。其进一步特征在于：
剪块破碎装置前端设置有轮胎拉丝机；
剪块破碎装置为双辊滚齿刀破碎结构；
搓粒粉碎装置为搓切机结构；
分离装置包含电磁铁屑分离设备、风选纤维分离设备，所述的电磁铁屑分离设备至少设置有两套，所述风选纤维分离设备至少设置有两套；
研磨装置为平磨盘式精磨机；
胶粉收集装置包含气悬胶粉分级机与包装机。
 Advantageous Effects
本发明采用三级粉碎的工艺步骤，简化了生产工艺，简化了设备，大大降低了设备投入与维护成本，提高了生产效率。
本发明设置整条废橡胶回收加工装置，对于废橡胶内部金属与纤维掺杂物进行筛选过滤，对于大尺寸物料可以先采用专用设备切割，因此可以加工大型工程轮胎、密封件等多种废旧橡胶制品，适用面广。
本发明的剪块破碎装置为双辊滚齿刀破碎结构，搓粒粉碎装置为搓切机结构，研磨装置为平磨盘式精磨机，同时这些设备都设置有物料分选设备与回料再加工输送线，防止不合格物料流入下一级设备中导致设备损坏，同时能有效处理不合格物料；有别于现有技术中重复设置的撕碎机、旋刀粉碎机、横式磨盘粉碎机等设备，这些设备破碎与研磨效率高，结构简单，便于使用与维护，可以顺利的将废橡胶制品快速安全处理为高质量胶粉。
本发明采用二次磁选与风选设备除去废旧橡胶制品中制造过程中加入的钢丝、尼龙布等填充料，可以基本去除绝大多数填充料杂质，不仅保护了后道设备，而且可以提高胶粉或者胶粒的纯度，以制备高质量的最终产品。
 Description Of Drawings
图1为本发明的废橡胶回收加工装置主视图；
图2为图1的俯视图。
 Mode for Invention
下面结合附图，说明本发明 所述的 废橡胶回收加工方法与装置的具体实施方式。
如图1、图2所示，本发明 包括由控制器22控制的串联连接的剪块破碎装置、搓粒粉碎装置、分离装置、研磨装置与胶粉收集装置等单元装置串联或者二台或二台以上的上述单元装置并列后串联而成，各单元之间采用输送机连接；在剪块破碎装置、搓粒粉碎装置与研磨装置都设置有物料分选与回收再加工输送线。
对于处理汽车轮胎等废橡胶制品，需要将轮胎内圈的钢丝圈先剥离，否则强韧的钢丝圈会造成后续设备的超载与损坏，本发明采用如专利'200710024895 - 废旧轮胎的钢丝胎圈的剥离方法和装置'所公开的双钩拉丝机1进行剥离钢丝圈的作业，当然也可以采用如专利'200820043073-拉丝机'所公开的单钩拉丝机。对于尺寸较大例如载重车辆、特种车辆的轮胎，无法直接在剪块破碎装置4进行破碎，可以采用如专利'200720039372-轮胎剪切机'所公开的剪切机2先将大尺寸轮胎切割成1/2或者1/4的大块，然后再投入剪块破碎装置4进行破碎。对于其他尺寸较小的废橡胶制品，则无需上述拉丝机1与剪切机2，直接进入剪块破碎装置4处理即可。
将废橡胶制品放置在输送机3上，被抬升输送至剪块破碎装置4上方，在自重作用下落入剪块破碎装置4的进料口；剪切破碎装置4具体结构如专利'200710023161-废旧轮胎的粉碎方法和装置'所公开的结构，主要依靠两个相互啮合的辊筒上设置的交错多排滚齿刀401对废橡胶制品进行剪块粉碎，将大块的废橡胶制品粉碎为2～10厘米的橡胶块，橡胶块从滚齿刀401下方落下至滚筒筛402，尺寸小于筛孔的橡胶块通过筛孔落在下方的输送皮带403上，而尺寸大于筛孔的橡胶块跟随滚筒筛402的旋转运动被带到滚齿刀401的上方，在自重的作用下重新落在滚齿刀401之间，被重新剪切粉碎。
尺寸符合要求的橡胶块通过输送皮带403与输送机5被输送至搓粒粉碎装置6的料斗口601，搓粒粉碎装置6的具体结构如'200720039371-胶块粉碎机'与'201010183792.2-橡胶搓切机'所公开的结构，主要依靠螺旋送料结构将橡胶块输送至锥形的搓切腔，在搓切螺旋刀头与搓切套的挤压与剪切作用下，将2～10厘米的橡胶块粉碎为1～10毫米的胶粒，粉碎后的胶粒从搓粒粉碎装置6的出口端转移至振动筛21并向前输送，依次经过带式除铁机7与吸风式粗纤维分离机8，如'201010183765.5-综合胶粒筛选装置'所公开的结构。带式除铁机7为在输送皮带之间设置一电磁铁，振动中的粉碎颗粒中铁丝、金属片被电磁铁磁力吸附在皮带上，皮带滚动至端部皮带轮转向时，离开了电磁铁的磁力范围，所吸附的金属片被侧部刮片刮下至铁屑回收箱；吸风式粗纤维分离机8在振动筛21上部设置有吸风口，将振动中的粉碎颗粒中的粗纤维吸走；通过振动筛21筛孔的小尺寸颗粒被输送至辊筒式磁选机20，其结构如'201020204172.8-辊筒式除铁机'所公开，进行第二次磁选，将尺寸较小的铁屑分离出来；不能通过振动筛21筛孔的大尺寸颗粒离开振动筛21后，收集并被回料输送机9输送至搓粒粉碎装置6的料斗口601，进行重新搓粒粉碎。本发明采用搓粒粉碎装置6取代现有技术中的旋刀式粉碎机，搓粒粉碎装置通过低速剪切研磨的原理粉碎物料，搓切轴的转速为30转/分钟，其与被粉碎料为面接触，因此磨切面的磨损量小，磨切面的寿命大大增加，平均寿命周期为一年至两年，大大降低了生产成本与维护量；同时破碎效率高，相比于相同功率的旋刀式粉碎机，单位时间产量可以增加一倍。
通过了二次磁选的粉碎颗粒被输送至气悬式纤维分离机10进行二次纤维分离，气悬式纤维分离机10如专利'200320118550 -气流分选机'所公开的结构，采用底部鼓风，内部设置转子与叶片，将不同密度的物料分离并从内筒与外筒不同的通道输出，纤维颗粒因为密度较轻，因此可以从上部收集通道输出；橡胶颗粒因为密度较重，从底部输料通道18被输送至后部的混料仓11。
胶粒在混料仓11内加入如滑石粉等添加剂，通过进料输送机12均匀分配至并联的多个 研磨装置13，混料仓结构如'201010183749.6-混料装置'，输送机结构如'201010183745.8-螺旋输送机的分料装置'，研磨装置13如专利'200720039370-胶粒研磨机'所公开的平磨盘式精磨机结构，1～6毫米的胶粒进入动磨盘与定磨盘之间的研磨腔，在磨盘上设置的硬质合金刀片相对剪切作用下，被粉碎为30～200目胶粉。胶粉输送至气悬式胶粉分级机15，气悬式胶粉分级机15的基本结构与上述气悬式纤维分离机10相同，也是通过旋转气流将不同密度的物料分离并从内筒与外筒不同的通道输出，目数符合要求的胶粉通过输送机16输送至后部的胶粉包装机进行包装，而尺寸过大的胶粉被筛选出并通过回料管道23被再次输回至研磨装置13进行二次研磨。
本发明在装置中的剪块破碎装置、搓粒粉碎装置、研磨装置都设置有物料分选设备与回料再加工输送线，提高了现有设备的利用率，防止不合格物料流入下一级设备中导致设备损坏，同时有效处理不合格物料。本发明采用二次磁选与风选设备除去废旧橡胶制品中制造过程中加入的钢丝、尼龙布等填充料，可以基本去除绝大多数填充料杂质，不仅保护了后道设备，而且可以提高胶粉的纯度，以制备高质量的最终产品。
以上描述是对本发明的解释，不是对发明的限定，本发明所限定的范围参见权利要求，在不违背本发明精神的情况下，本发明可以作任何形式的修改，例如只设置有本发明所述废橡胶回收加工装置的局部装置段，用以完成将上一阶段橡胶制品形态深加工至下一阶段橡胶制品形态的目的。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种废橡胶回收加工的方法，其特征在于，包含以下步骤：
    第一步：将废橡胶制品通过所述剪块破碎装置破碎为胶块；
    第二步：将上述胶块通过所述搓粒粉碎装置粉碎为胶粒；
    第三步：将上述胶粒通过所述的分离装置分离非橡胶物质；
    第四步：将上述分离后的胶粒通过所述的研磨装置研磨为胶粉；
    第五步：将上述胶粉分级收集并包装。
  2. 按照权利要求1所述的废橡胶回收加工的方法，其特征在于：所述的胶块尺寸为2～10厘米；所述的胶粒尺寸为1～10毫米；所述的胶粉尺寸为30～200目。
  3. 按照权利要求1所述的废橡胶回收加工的方法，其特征在于：所述的第一步骤，第二步骤，第四步骤均在每个步骤末端回收不合格料重新进入本步骤进行再加工。
  4. 一种按照如权利要求1所述的废橡胶回收加工的方法进行加工的废橡胶回收加工装置，包括控制器、剪块破碎装置、搓粒粉碎装置、分离装置、研磨装置与胶粉收集装置，其特征在于：所述的废橡胶回收加工装置由所述控制器控制的剪块破碎装置、搓粒粉碎装置、分离装置、研磨装置与胶粉收集装置等单元装置串联或者二台或二台以上的上述单元装置并列后串联而成，各单元之间采用输送机连接；在所述的剪块破碎装置、搓粒粉碎装置与研磨装置都设置有物料分选与回收再加工输送线。
  5. 按照权利要求4所述的废橡胶回收加工装置，其特征在于：在所述剪块破碎装置前端设置有轮胎拉丝机。
  6. 按照权利要求4所述的废橡胶回收加工装置，其特征在于：所述的剪块破碎装置为双辊滚齿刀破碎结构。
  7. 按照权利要求4所述的废橡胶回收加工装置，其特征在于：所述的搓粒粉碎装置为搓切机结构。
  8. 按照权利要求4所述的废橡胶回收加工装置，其特征在于：所述的分离装置包含电磁铁屑分离设备、风选纤维分离设备，所述的电磁铁屑分离设备至少设置有两套，所述风选纤维分离设备至少设置有两套。
  9. 按照权利要求4所述的废橡胶回收加工装置，其特征在于：所述的研磨装置为平磨盘式精磨机。
  10. 按照权利要求4所述的废橡胶回收加工装置，其特征在于：所述的胶粉收集装置包含气悬胶粉分级机与包装机。
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