WO2011108397A1 - アレイアンテナ装置 - Google Patents
アレイアンテナ装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011108397A1 WO2011108397A1 PCT/JP2011/053811 JP2011053811W WO2011108397A1 WO 2011108397 A1 WO2011108397 A1 WO 2011108397A1 JP 2011053811 W JP2011053811 W JP 2011053811W WO 2011108397 A1 WO2011108397 A1 WO 2011108397A1
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- signal
- transmission
- reception
- local oscillation
- oscillation signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
- H01Q3/42—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means using frequency-mixing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0025—Modular arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/0082—Monitoring; Testing using service channels; using auxiliary channels
- H04B17/0085—Monitoring; Testing using service channels; using auxiliary channels using test signal generators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an array antenna device configured by arranging a plurality of antenna devices.
- Patent Document 1 Conventionally, various configurations have been proposed for array antenna devices (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1).
- the conventional array antenna apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 distributes a transmission intermediate frequency signal to a plurality of antenna elements, a plurality of transmission / reception modules connected to each antenna element, and a plurality of transmission / reception modules (or a plurality of transmission / reception modules). And a distribution synthesizer for synthesizing a reception intermediate frequency signal from the transmission / reception module.
- Each transmission / reception module transmits a transmission high-frequency signal to each antenna element (or receives a reception high-frequency signal from the antenna element), and a transmission amplifier that amplifies the transmission high-frequency signal and sends it to the transmission / reception switch
- a reception amplifier that amplifies the reception high-frequency signal from the transmission / reception switch, a second transmission / reception switch that transmits the transmission high-frequency signal to the transmission amplifier (or receives the reception high-frequency signal from the reception amplifier), and a second transmission / reception Combined with a switching device, a mixer that generates the transmission high-frequency signal from a local oscillation signal and an external intermediate frequency signal (or a reception intermediate frequency signal from the local oscillation signal and the reception high-frequency signal), and a local oscillation And a signal generator.
- a clock and a trigger are input from the outside to the local oscillation signal generator, and the local oscillation signal generated in each transmission / reception module is synchronized.
- transmission / reception signals input / output by the transmission / reception module of the array antenna apparatus are not high-frequency signals but intermediate frequency signals, thereby suppressing transmission loss during distribution synthesis and power supply to the modules.
- Non-Patent Document 1 in the transmission array, a plurality of antenna elements arranged close to each other are grouped into a plurality of groups as one group, The antenna element is connected via a signal distributor composed of a plurality of transmission signal generators and a cross point switch.
- Non-Patent Document 1 the transmission high-frequency signal generated by the transmission signal generator is distributed and fed to an arbitrary group of antenna elements, and the aperture surface of the transmission array antenna is divided, so that each of a plurality of communication It can be used at the same time by assigning it to electronic warfare, radar, etc.
- the conventional array antenna apparatus distributes the same transmission intermediate frequency signal to the transmission / reception modules of a plurality of antenna elements in the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, a different transmission signal is transmitted for each grouped antenna element.
- the same array antenna device cannot be used to divide the aperture surface for use as a plurality of communications, electronic warfare, and radar at the same time.
- Non-Patent Document 1 has a problem that the transmission signal generated by the transmission signal generator is a high-frequency signal, and transmission loss is large because the transmission high-frequency signal is distributed to the antenna elements.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain an array antenna apparatus having an improved S / N ratio.
- a plurality of antenna elements each having a transmission module are arranged.
- Each of the plurality of transmission modules includes a transmission signal generator that outputs a transmission intermediate frequency signal and a local oscillation that outputs a local oscillation signal.
- An array antenna apparatus having a signal generator and a transmission mixer that mixes a transmission intermediate frequency signal and a local oscillation signal and converts the frequency into a transmission high frequency signal, the reference signal being transmitted to the transmission signal generator and the local oscillation signal generator The transmission intermediate frequency signal and the local oscillation signal are synchronized by the reference signal.
- the transmission high-frequency signal generated from a single local oscillation signal is amplified n times.
- the SN ratio can be improved by n times.
- Example 1 It is a block diagram which shows the 1st structural example of the array antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention.
- Example 1 It is a block diagram which shows the 2nd structural example of the array antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention.
- Example 1 It is a block diagram which shows the 1st structural example of the array antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.
- Example 2 It is a block diagram which shows the 2nd structural example of the array antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.
- Example 2 It is a block diagram which shows the 1st structural example of the array antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention.
- Example 3 It is a block diagram which shows the 2nd structural example of the array antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. (Example 3) It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the array antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention.
- Example 4
- Example 1 1 and 2 are block diagrams showing an array antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, showing different configuration examples.
- the transmission modules 20a to 20n of a plurality (n) of antenna elements 10a to 10n are shown, but each antenna element 10a to 10n also includes a reception module (which will be described later in both FIG. 5 and FIG. 6).
- Each of the antenna elements 10a to 10n is configured by a transmission / reception antenna.
- the array antenna apparatus is configured by arranging a plurality of n (n is an arbitrary natural number greater than or equal to “2”) antenna elements 10a to 10n having individual transmission modules 20a to 20n. Yes. Since each of the transmission modules 20a to 20n has the same circuit configuration, each circuit element in the transmission modules 20a to 20n is appended with “a, b,..., N” after the same symbol. ing.
- the transmission module 20a includes a transmission signal generator 11a that outputs a transmission intermediate frequency signal S1 and a local oscillation signal generator 21a that outputs a local oscillation signal S2.
- a transmission mixer 12a that mixes the transmission intermediate frequency signal S1 and the local oscillation signal S2 and converts the frequency to a transmission high frequency signal S3, and a transmission power amplifier 13a that amplifies the transmission high frequency signal S3.
- a reference signal source 1 is connected to each of the transmission modules 20a to 20n via a signal distributor 2.
- the reference signal source 1 generates a reference signal Sr, and each of the transmission modules via the signal distributor 2.
- the reference signal Sr is input to the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n and the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n in 20a to 20n.
- the transmission intermediate frequency signal S1 output from the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n and the local oscillation signal S2 output from the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n are synchronized by the reference signal Sr. ing.
- Each antenna element 10a to 10n transmits the transmission high-frequency signal S3 amplified by the transmission power amplifiers 13a to 13n as a radio wave.
- any element can be applied to the local oscillation signal generator 21a as long as the local oscillation signal generator 21a generates the local oscillation signal S2 synchronized with the reference signal Sr. PLL).
- a phase control unit 3A is connected to the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n in the transmission modules 20a to 20n, and the phase control unit 3A sends phase control signals to the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n.
- P1 is input to control the phase of the transmission intermediate frequency signal S1 from the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n.
- the phase control unit 3B is connected to the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n in the transmission modules 20a to 20n, and the phase control unit 3B is connected to the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n.
- the control signal P2 is input to control the phase of the local oscillation signal S2 from the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n.
- the phase of the transmission high-frequency signal S3 output from the transmission power amplifiers 13a to 13n is controlled under the control of the phase control units 3A and 3B, so that the antenna elements 10a to 10n are controlled. It is possible to control the shape and direction of the transmission beam from the.
- the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n are constituted by direct digital synthesizers
- the phase of the output signal of the digital synthesizer may be controlled.
- a phase shifter (not shown) may be provided at the output section of the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n to control the phase shifter.
- phase control signal P2 in order to control the phase of the local oscillation signal S2 from the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n by the phase control signal P2, for example, the phase is shifted to the output of the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n.
- a phase detector (not shown) may be provided to control the phase shifter to directly control the phase of the local oscillation signal S2.
- a phase shifter (not shown) is provided at the input of the reference signal Sr input to the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n, and the phase of the reference signal Sr is controlled by controlling the phase shifter. Also good.
- the transmission mixers 12a to 12n mix the transmission intermediate frequency signal S1 from the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n and the local oscillation signal S2 from the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n.
- the frequency is converted to a transmission high-frequency signal S3.
- the transmission high-frequency signal S3 is amplified by the transmission power amplifiers 13a to 3n and then transmitted from the antenna elements 10a to 10n. At this time, as described above, since the transmission intermediate frequency signal S1 and the local oscillation signal S2 are synchronized with the reference signal Sr distributed and input via the signal distributor 2, the transmission high frequency signal S3 is also the reference signal Sr. Synchronize with.
- the phase of the transmission high-frequency signal S3 with the phase control signal P1 of the phase control unit 3A or the phase control signal P2 of the phase control unit 3A, the shape of the transmission beam transmitted from each antenna element 10a to 10n, The direction can be controlled.
- the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n are provided independently for each of the antenna elements 10a to 10n, the frequency fluctuation (phase noise) of the local oscillation signal S2 is also independent. Accordingly, when the phase of the transmission high-frequency signal S3 is controlled to vector-synthesize the signal to form a transmission beam, the signal is amplitude-synthesized, while the phase noise included in the transmission high-frequency signal S3 is power-synthesized.
- the transmission high-frequency signal generated from the single local oscillation signal is amplified by n times as compared with the case of amplifying the transmission high-frequency signal by n times.
- the ratio can be improved.
- the array antenna apparatus As described above, the array antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 1 (FIGS. 1 and 2) of the present invention is configured by arranging a plurality (n) of antenna elements 10a to 10n having transmission modules 20a to 20n. Yes.
- the plurality of transmission modules 20a to 20n as individual elements, transmit signal generators 11a to 11n that output a transmission intermediate frequency signal S1, local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n that output a local oscillation signal S2, and transmission Transmission mixers 12a to 12n that mix the intermediate frequency signal S1 and the local oscillation signal S2 and convert the frequency to the transmission high frequency signal S3.
- the array antenna apparatus includes a reference signal source 1 for inputting a reference signal Sr to transmission signal generators 11a to 11n and local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n.
- the frequency signal S1 and the local oscillation signal S2 are synchronized by the reference signal Sr.
- phase control unit 3A that outputs a phase control signal P1 to the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n, and the phase of the transmission intermediate frequency signal S1 is controlled by the phase control signal P1.
- the configuration example of FIG. 2 includes a phase control unit 3B that outputs a phase control signal P2 to the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n, and the phase of the local oscillation signal S2 is controlled by the phase control signal P2.
- Example 2 In the first embodiment (FIGS. 1 and 2), only the phases of the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n or the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n are controlled. However, as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. The timing of the signal generators 11a to 11n may be controlled.
- 3 and 4 are block diagrams showing an array antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Similarly to the above, only the transmission modules 20a to 20n are shown, and different configuration examples are shown. 3 and 4, the same components as those described above (see FIGS. 1 and 2) are denoted by the same reference numerals as those described above, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- phase / timing control unit 4 inputs not only the phase control signal P1 but also the timing control signal T to the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n, and the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n output the transmission.
- the phase and signal generation timing of the intermediate frequency signal S1 are controlled.
- FIG. 4 differs from FIG. 2 only in that a timing control unit 5 is provided in addition to the configuration of FIG.
- the timing controller 5 inputs a timing control signal T to the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n, and controls the signal generation timing of the transmission intermediate frequency signal S1 from the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n.
- the phase control unit 3B inputs the phase control signal P2 to the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n and controls the phase of the local oscillation signal S2 output from the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n. .
- the array antenna apparatus has the phase control signal P1 and the timing control signal T for the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n in the configuration example of FIG. And a phase / timing control unit 4 for outputting the signal, the phase of the transmission intermediate frequency signal S1 is controlled, and the signal generation timing of the transmission intermediate frequency signal S1 is controlled by the timing control signal T.
- timing control unit 5 that outputs a timing control signal T to the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n, and the signal generation timing of the transmission intermediate frequency signal S1 is controlled by the timing control signal T. Is done.
- the phase and signal generation timing of the transmission high-frequency signal S3 output from the transmission mixers 12a to 12n are controlled, so that the antenna elements 10a to 10n are discretely dispersed. Even when arranged (when the distance from each antenna element 10a to 10n to the target is different), the timing of radio waves (transmission high-frequency signal S3) arriving at the target from each antenna element 10a to 10n matches. The timing of the transmission high-frequency signal S3 output from the antenna elements 10a to 10n can be controlled.
- the phase control signal P1 and the timing control signal T from the phase / timing control unit 4 can be output in a parallel format or a serial format.
- the phase control signal P1 and the timing control signal T are output in a serial format, the number of wirings distributed to the transmission modules 20a to 20n (each transmission / reception module) can be reduced.
- Example 3 In the first and second embodiments (FIGS. 1 to 4), the case where the present invention is applied only to the transmission modules 20a to 20n is shown. However, as shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6, the transmission / reception modules 30a to 30n (transmission modules) And the receiving module).
- 5 and 6 are block diagrams showing an array antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, showing different configuration examples. 5 and 6, the same parts as those described above (see FIGS. 1 to 4) are denoted by the same reference numerals as those described above, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- each of the transmission / reception modules 30a to 30n includes, as individual elements, transmission / reception switchers 22a to 22n, high-frequency amplifiers 31a to 31n, and reception mixers 32a to 32n in addition to the components of the transmission modules 20a to 20n. 32n. Further, in addition to the reference signal source 1, the signal distributor 2 and the phase controller 3B described above (FIG. 2), a receiver 7 via a signal synthesizer 6 is connected to each of the transmission / reception modules 30a to 30n.
- the transmission / reception switchers 22a to 22n are inserted between the antenna elements 10a to 10n, the transmission power amplifier 13a, and the high frequency amplifiers 31a to 31n, and switch passing signals according to the transmission mode and the reception mode. That is, the transmission / reception switchers 22a to 22n are for sharing the same antenna elements 10a to 10n in the transmission / reception mode, and for example, a circulator may be used.
- the high frequency amplifiers 31a to 31n amplify signals received by the antenna elements 10a to 10n.
- the reception mixers 32a to 32n mix the reception high frequency signal S4 from the high frequency amplifiers 31a to 31n and the local oscillation signal S2 from the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n, convert the frequency to a reception intermediate frequency signal S5, and receive the signal.
- the intermediate frequency signal S5 is input to the signal synthesizer 6.
- the local oscillation signal S2 from the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n is input to both the transmission mixers 12a to 12n and the reception mixers 32a to 32n.
- the signal synthesizer 6 synthesizes the reception intermediate frequency signal S5 from the reception mixers 32a to 32n and inputs it to the reception unit 7.
- a plurality of antenna elements 10a to 10n having transmission / reception modules 30a to 30n are arranged, and the plurality of transmission / reception modules 30a to 30n are As individual elements, transmission signal generators 11a to 11n that output transmission intermediate frequency signal S1, local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n that output local oscillation signal S2, transmission intermediate frequency signal S1 and local oscillation signal S2 Transmission mixers 12a to 12n for frequency conversion to a transmission high-frequency signal S3 and a reception mixer 32a for mixing the local oscillation signal S2 and the reception high-frequency signal S4 to convert the frequency to a reception intermediate frequency signal S5. .
- an array antenna apparatus includes a reference signal source 1 that inputs a reference signal Sr to transmission signal generators 11a to 11n and local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n, and a plurality of reference signal sources 1. And a signal synthesizer 6 for synthesizing a plurality of received intermediate frequency signals S5 output from the respective receiving mixers 32a to 32n in the transmitting / receiving modules 30a to 30n.
- the transmission intermediate frequency signal S1 and the local oscillation signal S2 are synchronized by the reference signal Sr.
- the frequency of the local oscillation signal S2 is set.
- the effect of fluctuation phase noise included in the local oscillation signal S2 can be canceled out.
- a signal synthesizer 6 is also provided on the reception signal side so as to synthesize the reception intermediate frequency signal S5 generated from the n local oscillation signals S2.
- the SN ratio can be improved by n times compared to a case where the received intermediate frequency signal generated from one local oscillation signal is amplified n times.
- phase control unit 3B as described above (FIG. 2)
- the phase of the transmission high-frequency signal S3 output from the transmission power amplifiers 13a to 13n is controlled under the control of the phase control unit 3B, as described above. Therefore, the shape and direction of the transmission beam from the antenna elements 10a to 10n can be controlled.
- phase control unit 3B for the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n is provided.
- the phase control unit 3A for the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n may be provided.
- a phase / timing control unit 4 (or timing control unit 5) for the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n may be provided. In either case, the same effect as described above may be provided. Play.
- the local oscillation signal S2 generated by the same local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n is distributed to the transmission mixers 12a to 12n and the reception mixers 32a to 32n.
- reception local transmission signal generators 23a to 23n for outputting the reception local oscillation signal S6 to the reception mixers 32a to 32n may be provided.
- transmission / reception modules 30a to 30n of the array antenna apparatus include transmission signal generators 11a to 11n, local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n, and transmissions as individual elements.
- the reception local oscillation signal generators 23a to 23n for outputting the reception local oscillation signal, the reception local oscillation signal S6 and the reception high frequency signal S4 are mixed and frequency-converted to the reception intermediate frequency signal S5.
- the output signal of the reception mixers 32a to 32n is the reception intermediate frequency signal S5.
- the local oscillation signal S2 and the reception local oscillation signal S6 have the same frequency. Therefore, the output signals of the reception mixers 32a to 32n may be received baseband signals instead of the received intermediate frequency signal S5.
- the array antenna apparatus includes the reference signal Sr to the transmission signal generators 11a to 11n, the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n, and the reception local oscillation signal generators 23a to 23n. And a signal synthesizer 6 that synthesizes the reception intermediate frequency signal S5 (or reception baseband signal) output from each of the reception mixers 32a to 32n in the transmission / reception modules 30a to 30n. ing.
- the transmission intermediate frequency signal S1, the local oscillation signal S2, and the reception local oscillation signal S6 are synchronized by the reference signal Sr.
- the phase control signal P2 from the phase controller 3B is input to the local oscillation signal generators 21a to 21n and the reception local oscillation signal generators 23a to 23n, whereby the local oscillation signal S2 and the reception local oscillation signal are received.
- the phase of S6 is controlled by the phase control signal P2.
- Example 4 In the first and second embodiments (FIGS. 1 to 4), the present invention is applied only to the transmission modules 20a to 20n. In the third embodiment (FIGS. 5 and 6), the transmission / reception modules 30a to 30n are shown. However, the present invention may be applied only to the receiving modules 40a to 40n (receiving modules) as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an array antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Components similar to those described above (see FIGS. 1 to 6) are denoted by the same reference numerals as above, and are described in detail. The description is omitted.
- the reception modules 40a to 40n include reception local oscillation signal generators 23a to 23n, high frequency amplifiers 31a to 31n, and reception mixers 32a to 32n as individual elements.
- Each of the receiving modules 40a to 40n is connected with a receiving unit 7 via a signal synthesizer 6 in addition to the reference signal source 1, the signal distributor 2 and the phase control unit 3B described above (FIG. 2).
- the high frequency amplifiers 31a to 31n amplify signals received by the antenna elements 10a to 10n.
- the reception mixers 32a to 32n mix the reception high-frequency signal S4 from the high-frequency amplifiers 31a to 31n and the reception local oscillation signal S6 from the reception local oscillation signal generators 23a to 23n to obtain the reception intermediate frequency signal S5 (or reception).
- Baseband signal and the received intermediate frequency signal S5 (or the received baseband signal) is input to the signal synthesizer 6.
- the signal synthesizer 6 synthesizes the reception intermediate frequency signal S5 (or reception baseband signal) from the reception mixers 32a to 32n and inputs it to the reception unit 7.
- a plurality of antenna elements 10a to 10n having transmission / reception modules 40a to 40n are arranged, and the plurality of reception modules 40a to 40n are Each component includes a reception mixer 32a that mixes the reception local oscillation signal S6 and the reception high-frequency signal S4 and converts the frequency into a reception intermediate frequency signal or a reception baseband signal S5.
- the array antenna apparatus includes a reference signal source 1 that inputs a reference signal Sr to reception local oscillation signal generators 23a to 23n, and a plurality of reception modules 40a to 40n. And a signal synthesizer 6 that synthesizes a plurality of received intermediate frequency signals or received baseband signals S5 output from the receiving mixers 32a to 32n.
- the reception local oscillation signal S2 is synchronized with the reference signal Sr.
- the signal synthesizer 6 is provided on the reception signal side, and is configured to synthesize the reception intermediate frequency signal S5 generated from the n local oscillation signals S2.
- the SN ratio can be improved by n times compared to a case where the received intermediate frequency signal generated from a single local oscillation signal is amplified n times.
- the reception intermediate frequency signals or the reception basebands output from the reception mixers 32a to 32n under the control of the phase control unit 3B as described above. Since the phase of the signal S5 is controlled, the shape and direction of the reception beam from the antenna elements 10a to 10n can be controlled.
- 1 reference signal source 2 signal distributor, 3A, 3B phase control unit, 4 phase / timing control unit, 5 timing control unit, 6 signal synthesizer, 7 receiving unit, 10a-10n antenna element, 11a-11n transmission signal generation 12a-12n transmission mixer, 20a-20n transmission module, 21a-21n local oscillation signal generator, 22a-22n transmission / reception switcher, 23a-23n reception local oscillation signal generator, 30a-30n transmission / reception module, 32a-32n reception Mixer, 40a to 40n reception module, P1, P2 phase control signal, S1 transmission intermediate frequency signal, S2 local oscillation signal, S3 transmission high frequency signal, S4 reception high frequency signal, S5 reception intermediate frequency signal, S6 reception local oscillation signal, Sr standard Signal, T timing control signal.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献1に示された従来のアレイアンテナ装置は、複数のアンテナ素子と、各アンテナ素子に接続された複数の送受信モジュールと、複数の送受信モジュールに送信中間周波信号を分配する(または、複数の送受信モジュールからの受信中間周波信号を合成する)分配合成器と、を備えている。
このように、アレイアンテナ装置の送受信モジュールが入出力する送受信信号を、高周波信号ではなく、中間周波信号にすることにより、分配合成やモジュールへの給電時における伝送損失を抑制している。
図1および図2はこの発明の実施の形態1に係るアレイアンテナ装置を示すブロック図であり、それぞれ異なる構成例を示している。
ここでは、複数(n)個のアンテナ素子10a~10nの送信モジュール20a~20nのみを示しているが、各アンテナ素子10a~10nは、受信モジュール(図5、図6ともに後述する)も備えており、各アンテナ素子10a~10nは、送受信アンテナにより構成されているものとする。
各送信モジュール20a~20nは、同一の回路構成により構成されているので、送信モジュール20a~20n内の各回路要素には、同一符号の後に「a、b、・・・、n」を付している。
各アンテナ素子10a~10nは、送信電力増幅器13a~13nで増幅された送信高周波信号S3を電波として送信する。
または、送信信号発生器11a~11nの出力部に移相器(図示せず)を設け、移相器を制御してもよい。
または、局部発振信号発生器21a~21nに入力される基準信号Srの入力部に移相器(図示せず)を設け、移相器を制御することにより、基準信号Srの位相を制御してもよい。
送信モジュール20a~20nにおいて、送信ミキサ12a~12nは、送信信号発生器11a~11nからの送信中間周波信号S1と、局部発振信号発生器21a~21nからの局部発振信号S2と、を混合して送信高周波信号S3に周波数変換する。
このとき、前述のように、送信中間周波信号S1と局部発振信号S2とは、信号分配器2を介して分配入力された基準信号Srに同期しているので、送信高周波信号S3も基準信号Srと同期する。
したがって、送信高周波信号S3の位相を制御して信号をベクトル合成して送信ビームを形成すると、信号は振幅合成される一方で、送信高周波信号S3に含まれる位相雑音は電力合成される。
複数の送信モジュール20a~20nは、それぞれ個別の要素として、送信中間周波信号S1を出力する送信信号発生器11a~11nと、局部発振信号S2を出力する局部発振信号発生器21a~21nと、送信中間周波信号S1と局部発振信号S2とを混合して送信高周波信号S3に周波数変換する送信ミキサ12a~12nと、を有する。
一方、図2の構成例においては、局部発振信号発生器21a~21nに対する位相制御信号P2を出力する位相制御部3Bを備えており、局部発振信号S2の位相は、位相制御信号P2により制御される。
なお、上記実施の形態1(図1、図2)では、送信信号発生器11a~11nまたは局部発振信号発生器21a~21nの位相のみを制御したが、図3または図4のように、送信信号発生器11a~11nのタイミングを制御してもよい。
図3、図4において、前述(図1、図2参照)と同様のものについては、前述と同一符号を付して詳述を省略する。
図3において、位相・タイミング制御部4は、送信信号発生器11a~11nに対して、位相制御信号P1のみならず、タイミング制御信号Tを入力し、送信信号発生器11a~11nが出力する送信中間周波信号S1の位相および信号発生タイミングを制御する。
図4において、タイミング制御部5は、送信信号発生器11a~11nに対してタイミング制御信号Tを入力し、送信信号発生器11a~11nからの送信中間周波信号S1の信号発生タイミングを制御する。また、前述と同様に、位相制御部3Bは、局部発振信号発生器21a~21nに位相制御信号P2を入力して局部発振信号発生器21a~21nが出力する局部発振信号S2の位相を制御する。
たとえば、位相制御信号P1およびタイミング制御信号Tを、シリアル形式で出力した場合には、各送信モジュール20a~20n(各送受信モジュール)に分配する配線の数を減らすことができる。
なお、上記実施の形態1、2(図1~図4)では、送信モジュール20a~20nのみに適用した場合を示したが、図5または図6のように、送受信モジュール30a~30n(送信モジュールおよび受信モジュール)に適用してもよい。
図5、図6において、前述(図1~図4参照)と同様のものについては、前述と同一符号を付して詳述を省略する。
また、各送受信モジュール30a~30nには、前述(図2)の基準信号源1、信号分配器2および位相制御部3Bに加え、信号合成器6を介した受信部7が接続されている。
すなわち、送受信切換器22a~22nは、同一のアンテナ素子10a~10nを送受信モードで共有するためのものであり、たとえばサーキュレータを用いてもよい。
受信ミキサ32a~32nは、高周波増幅器31a~31nからの受信高周波信号S4と局部発振信号発生器21a~21nからの局部発振信号S2とを混合して、受信中間周波信号S5に周波数変換し、受信中間周波信号S5を信号合成器6に入力する。
信号合成器6は、受信ミキサ32a~32nからの受信中間周波信号S5を合成して受信部7に入力する。
送信中間周波信号S1と局部発振信号S2とは、基準信号Srにより同期されている。
また、位相制御部3Bからの位相制御信号P2は、局部発振信号発生器21a~21nおよび受信局部発振信号発生器23a~23nに入力されており、これにより、局部発振信号S2および受信局部発振信号S6の位相は、位相制御信号P2により制御される。
なお、上記実施の形態1、2(図1~図4)では、送信モジュール20a~20nのみに適用した場合を示し、上記実施の形態3(図5、図6)では、送受信モジュール30a~30nに適用した場合を示したが、図7のように、受信モジュール40a~40n(受信モジュール)のみに適用してもよい。
また、各受信モジュール40a~40nには、前述(図2)の基準信号源1、信号分配器2および位相制御部3Bに加え、信号合成器6を介した受信部7が接続されている。
受信ミキサ32a~32nは、高周波増幅器31a~31nからの受信高周波信号S4と受信局部発振信号発生器23a~23nからの受信局部発振信号S6とを混合して、受信中間周波信号S5(または、受信ベースバンド信号)に周波数変換し、受信中間周波信号S5(または、受信ベースバンド信号)を信号合成器6に入力する。
受信局部発振信号S2とは、基準信号Srにより同期されている。
Claims (9)
- 送信モジュールを有するアンテナ素子が複数個配列され、
前記複数の送信モジュールの各々は、
送信中間周波信号を出力する送信信号発生器と、
局部発振信号を出力する局部発振信号発生器と、
前記送信中間周波信号と前記局部発振信号とを混合して送信高周波信号に周波数変換する送信ミキサと
を有するアレイアンテナ装置であって、
前記送信信号発生器および前記局部発振信号発生器に基準信号を入力する基準信号源を備え、
前記送信中間周波信号と前記局部発振信号とは、前記基準信号により同期されていることを特徴とするアレイアンテナ装置。 - 送受信モジュールを有するアンテナ素子が複数個配列され、
前記複数の送受信モジュールの各々は、
送信中間周波信号を出力する送信信号発生器と、
局部発振信号を出力する局部発振信号発生器と、
前記送信中間周波信号と前記局部発振信号とを混合して送信高周波信号に周波数変換する送信ミキサと、
前記局部発振信号と受信高周波信号とを混合して受信中間周波信号に周波数変換する受信ミキサと
を有するアレイアンテナ装置であって、
前記送信信号発生器および前記局部発振信号発生器に基準信号を入力する基準信号源と、
前記複数の送受信モジュール内の各受信ミキサから出力される前記複数の受信中間周波信号を合成する信号合成器と、を備え、
前記送信中間周波信号と前記局部発振信号とは、前記基準信号により同期されていることを特徴とするアレイアンテナ装置。 - 送受信モジュールを有するアンテナ素子が複数個配列され、
前記複数の送受信モジュールの各々は、
送信中間周波信号を出力する送信信号発生器と、
局部発振信号を出力する局部発振信号発生器と、
前記送信中間周波信号と前記局部発振信号とを混合して送信高周波信号に周波数変換する送信ミキサと、
受信局部発振信号を出力する受信局部発振信号発生器と、
前記受信局部発振信号と受信高周波信号とを混合して受信中間周波信号または受信ベースバンド信号に周波数変換する受信ミキサと
を有するアレイアンテナ装置であって、
前記送信信号発生器、前記局部発振信号発生器および前記受信局部発振信号発生器に基準信号を入力する基準信号源と、
前記複数の送受信モジュール内の各受信ミキサから出力される前記複数の受信中間周波信号または受信ベースバンド信号を合成する信号合成器と、を備え、
前記送信中間周波信号と前記局部発振信号と前記受信局部発振信号とは、前記基準信号により同期されていることを特徴とするアレイアンテナ装置。 - 前記送信信号発生器に対する位相制御信号を出力する位相制御部を備え、
前記送信中間周波信号の位相は、前記位相制御信号により制御されることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載のアレイアンテナ装置。 - 前記局部発振信号発生器に対する位相制御信号を出力する位相制御部を備え、
前記局部発振信号の位相は、前記位相制御信号により制御されることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載のアレイアンテナ装置。 - 前記送信信号発生器に対するタイミング制御信号を出力するタイミング制御部を備え、
前記送信中間周波信号の信号発生タイミングは、前記タイミング制御信号により制御されることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項5までのいずれか1項に記載のアレイアンテナ装置。 - 前記局部発振信号発生器および前記受信局部発振信号発生器に対する位相制御信号を出力する位相制御部を備え、
前記局部発振信号および前記受信局部発振信号の位相は、前記位相制御信号により制御されることを特徴とする請求項3に記載のアレイアンテナ装置。 - 受信モジュールを有するアンテナ素子が複数個配列され、
前記複数の受信モジュールの各々は、
受信局部発振信号を出力する受信局部発振信号発生器と、
前記受信局部発振信号と受信高周波信号とを混合して受信中間周波信号または受信ベースバンド信号に周波数変換する受信ミキサと
を有するアレイアンテナ装置であって、
前記受信局部発振信号発生器に基準信号を入力する基準信号源と、
前記複数の受信モジュール内の各受信ミキサから出力される前記複数の受信中間周波信号または受信ベースバンド信号を合成する信号合成器と、を備え、
前記受信局部発振信号は、前記基準信号により同期されていることを特徴とするアレイアンテナ装置。 - 前記受信局部発振信号発生器に対する位相制御信号を出力する位相制御部を備え、
前記受信局部発振信号の位相は、前記位相制御信号により制御されることを特徴とする請求項8に記載のアレイアンテナ装置。
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JPWO2018109871A1 (ja) * | 2016-12-14 | 2018-12-20 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 位相振幅検波回路、送信モジュール、および、アレーアンテナ |
JP2020022064A (ja) * | 2018-07-31 | 2020-02-06 | 株式会社東芝 | 無線装置 |
JP7034858B2 (ja) | 2018-07-31 | 2022-03-14 | 株式会社東芝 | 無線装置および通信制御方法 |
JP7434213B2 (ja) | 2021-06-17 | 2024-02-20 | 株式会社東芝 | レーダ装置及びレーダシステム |
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EP2544301A1 (en) | 2013-01-09 |
US8914068B2 (en) | 2014-12-16 |
JP5377750B2 (ja) | 2013-12-25 |
EP2544301A4 (en) | 2014-05-07 |
US20120319746A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
EP2544301B1 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
JPWO2011108397A1 (ja) | 2013-06-27 |
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