WO2011105038A1 - Tank internal pressure measurement circuit and tank device provided therewith - Google Patents

Tank internal pressure measurement circuit and tank device provided therewith Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011105038A1
WO2011105038A1 PCT/JP2011/000944 JP2011000944W WO2011105038A1 WO 2011105038 A1 WO2011105038 A1 WO 2011105038A1 JP 2011000944 W JP2011000944 W JP 2011000944W WO 2011105038 A1 WO2011105038 A1 WO 2011105038A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank
pressure
line
valve
pressure sensor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2011/000944
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
鈴木　豊
野道　薫
二宮　誠
伊藤　寛
Original Assignee
川崎重工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2011105038A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011105038A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0335—Check-valves or non-return valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0341—Filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0382—Constructional details of valves, regulators
    • F17C2205/0385—Constructional details of valves, regulators in blocks or units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0394—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • F17C2250/0434—Pressure difference
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0184—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tank internal pressure measurement circuit provided in a tank mounted on, for example, a fuel cell vehicle, a hydrogen engine vehicle, a compressed natural gas vehicle, and the like, and a tank apparatus including the same.
  • valve unit 3 of a so-called container base valve type that is directly attached to an opening 2 of a hydrogen tank 1 for a fuel cell vehicle, generally, an output line 4, a filling line 5, a discharge line 6 and a pressure detection line 7, and these lines (passages) are provided in the valve block 8.
  • the output line 4 is a line used when the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen tank 1 is output to the outside and supplied to a fuel cell (not shown), and is provided with a filter 9, an on-off valve 10 and a pressure reducing valve 11. .
  • the filling line 5 is a line used when hydrogen gas is filled into the hydrogen tank 1 from the outside, and a check valve 12 is provided.
  • the discharge line 6 is provided with a safety valve 13 which is activated when the pressure in the hydrogen tank 1 exceeds a specified pressure or when the temperature of the hydrogen tank 1 exceeds a specified temperature.
  • a safety valve 13 which is activated when the pressure in the hydrogen tank 1 exceeds a specified pressure or when the temperature of the hydrogen tank 1 exceeds a specified temperature.
  • the pressure detection line 7 is provided with a pressure sensor 14, and the pressure sensor 14 can detect the pressure in the hydrogen tank 1.
  • the pressure detection signal detected by the pressure sensor 14 is output to a pressure display unit (not shown) to display the pressure in the hydrogen tank 1.
  • a diaphragm type sensor is used as the pressure sensor 14.
  • the diaphragm pressure sensor 14 has a diaphragm as a metal plate, for example, and is provided with a strain gauge.
  • the diaphragm pressure sensor 14 converts a deformation of the diaphragm due to the pressure in the tank into a pressure detection signal to generate a hydrogen tank.
  • the pressure in 1 can be detected.
  • the pressure sensor 14 since the pressure sensor 14 is generally attached in a state of being exposed on the outer surface of the valve block 8, it may be damaged by receiving a mechanical impact.
  • the pressure detection line 7 is branched from a branch portion 16 between the on-off valve 10 and the pressure reducing valve 11 of the output line 4, and a pressure sensor 14 is provided in the pressure detection line 7. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). In this way, even when the pressure sensor 14 is damaged, it is possible to prevent hydrogen gas in the hydrogen tank 1 from being released to the outside of the tank 1 when the on-off valve 10 is closed.
  • a branch pipe is provided at each of the plurality of hydrogen tanks, and a pressure sensor is attached to each branch pipe.
  • a pressure sensor is attached to each branch pipe.
  • Patent Documents 1 and 2 do not consider the breakage of the pressure sensor due to brittle fracture.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a tank pressure measuring circuit capable of reliably stopping the outflow of a fluid in a tank in a short time and a small outflow amount, and a tank apparatus including the same.
  • a tank internal pressure measurement circuit is provided in a valve block in which an opening formed in an opening of a tank is sealed, a pressure sensor for detecting pressure in the tank, and the valve block, A pressure detection line for guiding the pressure in the tank to the pressure sensor; and an overflow prevention device provided upstream of the pressure sensor in the pressure detection line, the overflow prevention device comprising the overflow prevention
  • the pressure detection line is closed from an open state where the pressure detection line is opened. It operates to switch to the closed state.
  • the pressure in the tank filled with fluid is guided to the pressure sensor through the pressure detection line and can be detected by the pressure sensor.
  • the pressure in the tank can be known from the output.
  • the tank side in this overflow prevention device When the differential pressure between the inlet pressure of the pressure sensor and the pressure on the pressure sensor exceeds a preset differential pressure, the pressure detection line is switched from the open state to the closed state to close the pressure detection line. Can be operated. Thereby, the fluid in the tank can be stopped from flowing out through the pressure detection line.
  • the pressure detection line provided in the valve block provided with a filling line for filling a fluid in the internal space of the tank, and branched from the filling line is provided.
  • the overflow prevention device and the pressure sensor may be provided in order from the upstream side of the pressure detection line.
  • the structure of the tank pressure measurement circuit according to the present invention can be made simple and compact, and the processing cost can be reduced. And since the filling line and the pressure detection line share a part of the line, a space free in the valve block can be secured. Therefore, the degree of freedom in designing the tank pressure measuring circuit and other circuits provided in the valve block can be expanded. Also, in the filling line, the line downstream from the branch where the pressure detection line branches (the tank internal space side) can always communicate with the tank internal space. It can always be detected.
  • a discharge line provided in the valve block for discharging a fluid filled in the internal space of the tank, and a pressure in the tank provided in the discharge line.
  • a safety valve that operates to switch from a closed state that closes the discharge line to an open state that opens the discharge line when the pressure exceeds a specified pressure or when the tank temperature exceeds a specified temperature.
  • the pressure detection line branched from the upstream side of the safety valve of the discharge line is provided, and the overflow prevention device and the pressure sensor are provided in order from the upstream side of the pressure detection line. be able to.
  • the safety valve when the pressure in the tank becomes higher than the specified pressure due to fire or the like, or when the tank temperature becomes higher than the specified temperature, the safety valve is activated, It switches from the closed state which closes a discharge line to the open state which opens a discharge line, and can discharge the fluid in a tank safely outside.
  • the structure of the tank pressure measurement circuit according to the present invention can be simplified and compact, and the processing cost can be reduced.
  • a discharge line and a pressure detection line share a part of line, the space which was vacant in the valve block can be ensured. Therefore, the degree of freedom in designing the tank pressure measuring circuit and other circuits provided in the valve block can be expanded.
  • the line upstream from the branch where the pressure detection line branches (the tank internal space side) can always communicate with the internal space of the tank, so the pressure sensor controls the pressure in the tank. It can always be detected.
  • an output line provided in the valve block for allowing the fluid filled in the internal space of the tank to flow out, and in order from the upstream side of the output line.
  • An on-off valve and a pressure reducing valve provided with the pressure detection line branching from between the on-off valve and the pressure reducing valve of the output line, in order from the upstream side of the pressure detection line, the overflow prevention device and The pressure sensor may be provided.
  • the fluid in the tank can flow out and can be contained in the tank. Then, the fluid in the tank can be decompressed and discharged by the pressure reducing valve.
  • the structure of the tank pressure measurement circuit according to the present invention can be simplified and compact, and the processing cost can be reduced.
  • the vacant space can be ensured in the valve block. Therefore, the degree of freedom in designing the tank pressure measuring circuit and other circuits provided in the valve block can be expanded.
  • an on-off valve is provided on the upstream line from the branch where the pressure detection line branches, so that the pressure in the tank is detected by the pressure sensor when the on-off valve is open. be able to.
  • the pressure sensor may be a metal diaphragm type.
  • a strain gauge provided in the metal diaphragm can detect the pressure in the tank by converting the deformation of the metal diaphragm due to the pressure in the tank into a pressure detection signal.
  • the reason why the metal diaphragm is used is that the strength of the diaphragm is high, so that the high pressure in the tank can be detected.
  • the outflow of the fluid in the tank can be reliably stopped in a short time by the overflow prevention device, The amount of outflow can be reduced.
  • the tank internal pressure measurement circuit according to the present invention is attached to an opening of the tank for a fuel cell vehicle, a hydrogen engine vehicle, or a compressed natural gas vehicle, and hydrogen gas or natural gas is contained in the tank. It is filled with a gas fluid.
  • the tank internal pressure measuring circuit of the present invention since the tank internal pressure measuring circuit of the present invention is provided, even if the pressure sensor is damaged, the fluid in the tank is Can be reliably stopped in a short time, and the amount of outflow can be reduced. As a result, the influence on the surrounding environment due to the outflow of fluid can be prevented.
  • the overflow prevention device when the pressure sensor is mechanically damaged and the fluid in the tank flows out of the pressure sensor, the overflow prevention device It is possible to reliably stop the outflow of the fluid in a short time and to reduce the outflow amount. Thereby, the loss due to the outflow of the fluid in the tank can be reduced, and when the outflow of the fluid affects the surrounding environment, the influence on the surrounding environment can be prevented.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a tank internal pressure measuring circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of a pressure sensor used in the tank pressure measuring circuit according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing an overflow prevention device used in the tank pressure measuring circuit according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a tank pressure measuring circuit according to the second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a tank pressure measuring circuit according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a tank pressure measuring circuit according to the fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a tank pressure measuring circuit according to the fifth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a tank internal pressure measuring circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of a pressure sensor
  • FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a tank pressure measuring circuit according to the sixth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing a tank pressure measuring circuit according to the seventh embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing a tank pressure measuring circuit according to the eighth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a conventional tank pressure measurement circuit.
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing another conventional tank pressure measurement circuit.
  • the tank device 18 including the tank pressure measuring circuit 17 is mounted on, for example, a fuel cell vehicle, a hydrogen engine vehicle, or a compressed natural gas vehicle, and can be used as a fuel tank device.
  • the tank device 18 includes a tank 19 and a container base valve type valve unit 21 provided in an opening 20 of the tank 19.
  • the tank 19 is a bottomed cylindrical container capable of filling and storing a fluid such as hydrogen gas or natural gas at a high pressure, and has a tank body (not shown).
  • An opening 20 is formed in the tank 19, and the opening 20a formed by the opening 20 communicates with the internal space 19a of the tank body.
  • the opening 20 shown in FIG. 1 has a substantially cylindrical shape and a diameter smaller than that of the tank body, and has an internal thread portion formed on the inner peripheral surface.
  • the opening 20 is also called a base part.
  • the valve unit 21 includes, for example, a metal valve block 22, and the valve block 22 is screwed into the opening 20 of the tank 19. That is, a small-diameter portion 22a is formed in the lower portion of the valve block 22 shown in FIG. 1, and a male screw portion formed on the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter portion 22a is a female screw portion formed on the inner peripheral surface of the opening portion 20. Are screwed together. The gap between the inner peripheral surface of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and the outer peripheral surface of the valve block 22 is sealed by a seal structure (not shown).
  • the valve unit 21 includes a pressure detection line 23, a filling line 24, an output line 25, and a discharge line 26, and each line is a passage formed by a hole.
  • the pressure detection line 23 is provided in the valve block 22 and is a line for guiding the pressure in the tank 19 to the pressure sensor 27 shown in FIG.
  • the inlet 23 a of the pressure detection line 23 opens at the lower surface of the small-diameter portion 22 a formed at the lower part of the valve block 22 and faces toward the inside of the tank 19.
  • the outlet 23b of the pressure detection line 23 opens on the upper surface of the large diameter part 22b formed in the upper part of the valve block 22, and is going outside.
  • a pressure sensor 27 is attached to the outlet 23 b of the pressure detection line 23. Further, an overflow prevention device 28 is provided in the middle of the pressure detection line 23. The overflow prevention device 28 is disposed upstream of the pressure sensor 27 (on the inner space 19 a side of the tank 19), in the large diameter portion 22 b of the valve block 22, and at the tip of the opening 20 of the tank 19. It is provided outside the tank 19 (on-tank) rather than the edge 20b.
  • the pressure sensor 27 is for detecting the pressure in the tank 19 as shown in FIG. 1, and is a diaphragm type as shown in FIG.
  • the diaphragm 29 provided in the pressure sensor 27 is made of, for example, metal and is attached to a sensor case 30, and a plurality of strain gauges 31 are attached to the inner surface of the diaphragm 29.
  • the pressure sensor 27 has a male screw portion formed on the outer peripheral surface of the lower portion of the sensor case 30, and this male screw portion is formed at the outlet 23b of the pressure detection line 23 shown in FIG. It is screwed onto the female thread.
  • the strain gauge 31 provided in the metal diaphragm 29 can detect the pressure in the tank 19 by converting the deformation of the metal diaphragm 29 due to the pressure in the tank into a pressure detection signal. it can.
  • the pressure detection signal output by the pressure sensor 27 is output to a pressure display unit (not shown) via the lead wire 32 to display the pressure in the tank 19.
  • the metal diaphragm 29 is used because the strength of the diaphragm 29 is high, whereby a high pressure (for example, 35 MPa, 70 MPa) in the tank 19 can be detected.
  • PS differential pressure
  • P1 ⁇ P2 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined set differential pressure PT, it operates so as to switch from an open state in which the pressure detection line 23 is opened to a closed state in which the pressure detection line 23 is closed.
  • the overflow prevention device 28 includes a valve body 33 slidably provided along a predetermined axial direction in the valve block 22, and the valve body 33 is displaced in one W1 direction.
  • the pressure detection line 23 can be switched from the open state to the closed state to close it.
  • the valve body 33 can be switched to the open state which opens from the closed state which closes the pressure detection line 23 by displacing to the other W2 direction.
  • the valve element 33 is formed in an inverted cup shape, and a hole 33a is formed in the side wall.
  • the overflow prevention device 28 When the overflow prevention device 28 is in the open state, the fluid flowing in from the inlet 28a flows into the inner space of the valve body 33 through the opening on the inlet 28a side of the valve body 33 as shown by an arrow 34, and the hole It is configured to flow out from the outlet 28b through 33a.
  • the differential pressure PS becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined set differential pressure PT, and W1 based on the differential pressure PS.
  • the driving force in the direction overcomes the driving force in the W2 direction (valve opening direction) by the spring member 35.
  • the valve body 33 is displaced in the W1 direction, the hole 33a is blocked by the valve seat 36 formed in the valve body 33 and the valve block 22, and the overflow prevention device 28 is switched to the closed state. it can.
  • the pressure in the tank 19 filled with fluid is detected by pressure. It is guided to the pressure sensor 27 through the line 23 and can be detected by the pressure sensor 27.
  • the pressure detection signal output by the pressure sensor 27 is output to a pressure display unit (not shown) to display the pressure in the tank 19.
  • the pressure sensor 27 shown in FIG. 1 is mechanically damaged, and the fluid in the tank 19 flows out from the pressure sensor 27 to the outside.
  • the differential pressure PS between the inlet pressure P1 on the internal space 19a side of the tank 19 and the pressure P2 on the pressure sensor 27 side in the overflow prevention device 28 becomes equal to or higher than a preset differential pressure PT, this pressure detection line. It is possible to operate so as to switch from an open state where 23 is opened to a closed state where the pressure detection line 23 is closed. Thereby, the fluid in the tank 19 can be prevented from flowing out to the outside (in the atmosphere) through the pressure detection line 23.
  • the overflow prevention device 28 can reliably stop the outflow of the fluid in the tank 19 to the outside in a short time, and can reduce the outflow amount. As a result, loss due to the outflow of fluid in the tank 19 can be reduced, and if the outflow of fluid affects the surrounding environment, the influence on the surrounding environment can be prevented.
  • the metal diaphragm 29 may be brittlely broken by a fluid such as hydrogen gas filled in the tank 19 or corroded by a corrosive fluid.
  • the ready-made pressure sensor 27 is generally attached in a state of being exposed on the outer surface of the valve block 22, and may be damaged by receiving a mechanical impact.
  • the filling line 24 is a line that is provided in the valve block 22 and is used when a fluid such as hydrogen gas is filled into the internal space 19a of the tank 19 from the outside.
  • the inlet 24a of the filling line 24 opens at the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter portion 22b formed at the upper part of the valve block 22 and faces the outside.
  • the outlet 24 b of the filling line 24 opens at the lower surface of the small-diameter portion 22 a formed at the lower part of the valve block 22 and goes into the tank 19.
  • a check valve 41 is provided in the large diameter portion 22 b of the valve block 22 in the middle of the filling line 24.
  • the check valve 41 is in an open state when a fluid is filled into the tank 19 through the filling line 24, so that the fluid can be filled into the tank 19.
  • the tank 19 is closed, and the fluid filled in the tank 19 can be prevented from flowing out through the filling line 24.
  • the output line 25 is provided in the valve block 22 and is used when the fluid filled in the internal space 19 a of the tank 19 is output to the outside and supplied to, for example, a fuel cell (not shown).
  • An inlet 25 a of the output line 25 opens at the lower surface of the small diameter portion 22 a of the valve block 22 and faces the inside of the tank 19.
  • the exit 25b of the output line 25 opens in the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter part 22b of the valve block 22, and is going outside.
  • a filter 39, an on-off valve 37, and a pressure reducing valve 38 are provided in this order from the upstream side (the internal space 19a side of the tank 19).
  • the filter 39 and the on-off valve 37 are closer to the inner space 19 a (in-tank) of the tank 19 than the front end edge 20 b of the opening 20 of the tank 19, and have a small diameter of the valve block 22. It is provided in the part 22a.
  • the pressure reducing valve 38 is provided outside the tank 19 (on-tank) from the front edge 20 b of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and in the large diameter portion 22 b of the valve block 22.
  • the filter 39 is for removing foreign substances contained in the fluid when the fluid in the tank 19 flows out through the output line 25.
  • the on-off valve 37 is composed of, for example, an electromagnetic valve, and can open or close the output line 25 by opening and closing. When the on-off valve 37 is in an open state, the fluid in the tank 19 can flow out through the output line 25. When the on-off valve 37 is closed, the fluid in the tank 19 can be contained in the tank 19.
  • the pressure reducing valve 38 allows the fluid in the tank 19 to flow out through the output line 25 while being decompressed to the outside.
  • the discharge line 26 is a line that is provided in the valve block 22 and discharges the fluid filled in the internal space 19 a of the tank 19 to the outside.
  • the inlet 26 a of the discharge line 26 opens at the lower surface of the small-diameter portion 22 a of the valve block 22 and goes into the tank 19.
  • the outlet 26b of the discharge line 26 opens at the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter portion 22b of the valve block 22 and faces the outside.
  • a safety valve 40 is provided in the large diameter portion 22 b of the valve block 22 in the middle of the discharge line 26.
  • the safety valve 40 changes from a closed state in which the discharge line 26 is closed to an open state in which the discharge line 26 is opened when the pressure in the tank 19 exceeds a specified pressure or when the tank temperature becomes higher than a specified temperature. It operates so as to switch.
  • the safety valve 40 when the pressure in the tank 19 becomes higher than a specified pressure due to a fire or the like, or when the tank temperature becomes higher than a specified temperature, the safety valve 40 is By operating, the closed state in which the discharge line 26 is closed is switched to the open state in which the discharge line 26 is opened, and the fluid in the tank 19 can be safely discharged to the outside.
  • FIG. 4 The difference between the tank device 43 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 and the tank device 18 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is that, in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is provided on the outside of the tank 19 (on-tank) rather than the front edge 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and in the large-diameter portion 22b of the valve block 22.
  • the overflow prevention device 28 is provided in the small-diameter portion 22a of the valve block 22 on the inner space 19a side (in-tank) of the tank 19 with respect to the tip edge portion 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19. .
  • the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the tank 19 itself including the opening 20 of the tank 19 can prevent the overflow prevention device 28 from being damaged by external factors such as external impact. Thereby, when the pressure sensor 27 is damaged, it is possible to reliably prevent the fluid in the tank 19 from being discharged to the outside through the pressure detection line 23.
  • the overflow prevention device 28 is arranged closer to the inner space 19 a side of the tank 19 than the front edge 20 b of the opening 20 of the tank 19, so that the overflow prevention device 28 has a front edge of the opening 20 of the tank 19. Since it is not exposed to the outside of the portion 20b, a compact tank internal pressure measurement circuit 44 (valve unit 45) and a tank device 43 can be provided according to the demand of the user or the like.
  • the tank device 47 according to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is different from the tank device 18 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the line 23 is formed separately from each other without being coupled to each other, whereas in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the pressure detection line 23 is located downstream of the check valve 41 in the filling line 24 (
  • the overflow prevention device 28 and the pressure sensor 27 are provided in order from the upstream side of the pressure detection line 23 (the internal space 19a side of the tank 19). It is in place.
  • the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the structure of the tank pressure measurement circuit 49 (valve unit 50) and the tank device 47 can be made simple and compact. Processing costs can be reduced.
  • the filling line 24 and the pressure detection line 23 share a part of the line, so that an empty space can be secured in the valve block 22. Therefore, the degree of freedom in designing the tank pressure measuring circuit 49 and other circuits (valve unit 50) provided in the valve block 22 can be expanded. Further, in the filling line 24, the line on the downstream side (the side of the internal space 19 a of the tank 19) from the branching portion 48 where the pressure detection line 23 branches is always in communication with the internal space 19 a of the tank 19. Thus, the pressure in the tank 19 can be always detected.
  • FIG. 6 The difference between the tank device 52 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 6 and the tank device 47 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is that, in the third embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is provided on the outside of the tank 19 (on-tank) rather than the tip edge 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and in the large-diameter portion 22b of the valve block 22.
  • the overflow prevention device 28 is provided in the small-diameter portion 22a of the valve block 22 on the inner space 19a side (in-tank) of the tank 19 with respect to the tip edge portion 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19. .
  • the third embodiment is the same as the third embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the overflow prevention device 28 is provided on the inner space 19a side (in-tank) of the tank block 19 relative to the front end edge 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and in the small diameter portion 22a of the valve block 22. Since the operations and effects exerted are the same as those described in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, their descriptions are omitted.
  • the tank device 54 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is different from the tank device 18 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the line 23 is formed separately from each other without being coupled to each other, whereas in the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the pressure detection line 23 is located upstream of the safety valve 40 (tank 19) in the discharge line 26.
  • an overflow prevention device 28 and a pressure sensor 27 are provided in this order from the upstream side of the pressure detection line 23 (inside the internal space 19a of the tank 19). It is in place.
  • the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the discharge line 26 and the pressure detection line 23 share a part of the line, so that the tank pressure measurement circuit 56 (valve unit 57) and the tank are similar to the third embodiment shown in FIG. Since the structure of the device 54 can be made simple and compact, and there are operations and effects such as reduction in processing costs, the description thereof is omitted.
  • the tank device 59 of the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 8 and the tank device 54 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 7 are different from each other in the fifth embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is provided on the outside of the tank 19 (on-tank) rather than the front edge 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and in the large-diameter portion 22b of the valve block 22.
  • the overflow prevention device 28 is provided in the small-diameter portion 22a of the valve block 22 on the inner space 19a side (in-tank) of the tank 19 with respect to the tip edge portion 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19. .
  • the second embodiment is the same as the fifth embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the overflow prevention device 28 is provided on the inner space 19a side (in-tank) of the tank 19 with respect to the front end edge 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and in the small diameter portion 22a of the valve block 22. Since the operations and effects produced by are the same as those described in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, their descriptions are omitted.
  • the tank device 62 of the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 9 is different from the tank device 18 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the line 23 is formed separately from each other without being coupled to each other, whereas in the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the pressure detection line 23 includes the on-off valve 37 and the pressure reducing valve 38 of the output line 25.
  • the overflow prevention device 28 and the pressure sensor 27 are provided in this order from the upstream side (the tank internal space 19a side) of the pressure detection line 23.
  • the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the output line 25 and the pressure detection line 23 share a part of the line, so that the tank internal pressure measurement circuit 64 (valve unit 65) and the tank are similar to the third embodiment shown in FIG. Since the structure of the device 62 can be made simple and compact, and there are operations and effects such as reduction in processing costs, the description thereof will be omitted.
  • an on-off valve 37 is provided on the upstream line from the branching portion 63 where the pressure detection line 23 branches, so that when the on-off valve 37 is open, the pressure in the tank 19 is increased. Can be detected by the pressure sensor 27.
  • FIG. 10 The tank device 67 of the eighth embodiment shown in FIG. 10 and the tank device 62 of the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 9 are different from each other in the seventh embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the eighth embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is provided on the outside of the tank 19 (on-tank) rather than the front edge 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and in the large-diameter portion 22b of the valve block 22.
  • the overflow prevention device 28 is provided in the small-diameter portion 22a of the valve block 22 on the inner space 19a side (in-tank) of the tank 19 with respect to the front edge 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19. .
  • the second embodiment is the same as the seventh embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the overflow prevention device 28 is provided on the inner space 19a side (in-tank) of the tank 19 with respect to the front end edge 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and in the small diameter portion 22a of the valve block 22. Since the operations and effects produced by are the same as those described in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, their descriptions are omitted.
  • the overflow prevention device 28 is built in the valve block 22, but instead, the overflow prevention device 28 is replaced with the valve block 22. It is good also as a structure which arrange
  • the pressure sensor 27 is connected to the fluid outlet of the overflow prevention device 28.
  • the check valve 41, the safety valve 40, the filter 39, the on-off valve 37, and the pressure reducing valve 38 shown in FIG. 1 and the like may be provided on the outer surface of the valve block 22 through a pipe. .
  • the output line 25, the filling line 24, the discharge line 26, and the pressure detection line 23 formed in the valve block 22 shown in FIG. 1 and the like are passages formed by holes. Instead, the valve block Each line may be formed by forming a flow path in the interior of 22.
  • tank apparatus of each of the above embodiments has been described as an example that is mounted on a fuel cell vehicle, a hydrogen engine vehicle, or a compressed natural gas vehicle and used as a fuel tank device. It can also be applied to a cylinder filled with acetylene gas or the like, and further to a tank apparatus filled with a liquid at a desired pressure.
  • the pressure sensor 27 has been described by taking a metal diaphragm type as an example.
  • a diaphragm made of a material other than metal may be used, or a pressure sensor of a type other than the diaphragm type may be used. Also good.
  • the electric pressure sensor 27 has been described as an example, a Bourdon tube type pressure gauge other than this may be employed according to the measurement pressure.
  • the overflow prevention device 28 shown in FIG. 3 has been described as an example, but an overflow prevention device having a configuration other than this may be used.
  • the pressure sensor is mechanically damaged, and the fluid in the tank flows out of the pressure sensor to the outside.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a tank internal pressure measurement circuit such that when a pressure sensor fails mechanically, resulting in a situation where fluid inside a tank flows outside from the pressure sensor, then the outflow of fluid from inside the tank can be reliably stopped in a short time. The tank internal pressure measurement circuit is provided with a valve block (22) whereby an opening (20a) formed in an opening section (20) of the tank (19) is sealed; the pressure sensor (27) for detecting the pressure in the tank (19); a pressure detection line (23) which is provided in the valve block (22) and serves to lead the pressure in the tank (19) to the pressure sensor (27); and an excess flow check device (28) which is provided on the upstream side of the pressure sensor (27) in the pressure detection line (23). The excess flow check device (28) is configured in such a way as to operate so that the state of the pressure detection line (23) will be switched from an open state to a closed state when the pressure difference between an inlet pressure in the excess flow check device (28) and an outlet pressure therein reaches a level not lower than a set pressure difference, said inlet pressure being the pressure in an internal space (19a) of the tank (19), and said outlet pressure being the pressure in the pressure sensor (27).

Description

タンク内圧力計測用回路及びそれを備えるタンク装置Tank internal pressure measurement circuit and tank apparatus including the same
　本発明は、例えば燃料電池車、水素エンジン車および圧縮天然ガス車などに搭載されるタンクに設けられるタンク内圧力計測用回路及びそれを備えるタンク装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a tank internal pressure measurement circuit provided in a tank mounted on, for example, a fuel cell vehicle, a hydrogen engine vehicle, a compressed natural gas vehicle, and the like, and a tank apparatus including the same.
　図１１に示すように、燃料電池車用の水素タンク１の開口部２に直接取り付けられる、いわゆる容器元弁タイプのバルブユニット３においては、一般的に、出力ライン４、充填ライン５、放出ライン６、及び圧力検出ライン７を備えており、これらのライン（通路）は、バルブブロック８に設けられている。 As shown in FIG. 11, in a valve unit 3 of a so-called container base valve type that is directly attached to an opening 2 of a hydrogen tank 1 for a fuel cell vehicle, generally, an output line 4, a filling line 5, a discharge line 6 and a pressure detection line 7, and these lines (passages) are provided in the valve block 8.
　出力ライン４は、水素タンク１内の水素ガスを外部に出力して、図示しない燃料電池に供給するときに使用されるラインであり、フィルタ９、開閉弁１０及び減圧弁１１が設けられている。 The output line 4 is a line used when the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen tank 1 is output to the outside and supplied to a fuel cell (not shown), and is provided with a filter 9, an on-off valve 10 and a pressure reducing valve 11. .
　充填ライン５は、水素ガスを外部から水素タンク１内に充填するときに使用されるラインであり、逆止弁１２が設けられている。 The filling line 5 is a line used when hydrogen gas is filled into the hydrogen tank 1 from the outside, and a check valve 12 is provided.
　放出ライン６には、安全弁１３が設けられ、水素タンク１内の圧力が規定圧力以上になったときに、又は水素タンク１の温度が規定温度以上になったときに、この安全弁１３が作動して、水素タンク１内の水素ガスを外部に安全に放出することができるラインである。 The discharge line 6 is provided with a safety valve 13 which is activated when the pressure in the hydrogen tank 1 exceeds a specified pressure or when the temperature of the hydrogen tank 1 exceeds a specified temperature. Thus, the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen tank 1 can be safely released to the outside.
　圧力検出ライン７には、圧力センサ１４が設けられ、この圧力センサ１４によって水素タンク１内の圧力を検出することができる。この圧力センサ１４によって検出された圧力検出信号は、図示しない圧力表示部に出力されて水素タンク１内の圧力が表示される。 The pressure detection line 7 is provided with a pressure sensor 14, and the pressure sensor 14 can detect the pressure in the hydrogen tank 1. The pressure detection signal detected by the pressure sensor 14 is output to a pressure display unit (not shown) to display the pressure in the hydrogen tank 1.
　この圧力センサ１４として、例えばダイアフラム式のものが使用されている。このダイアフラム式圧力センサ１４は、例えば金属製の板としてのダイアフラムを有し、このダイアフラムに歪みゲージを設けたものであり、ダイアフラムのタンク内圧力による変形を圧力検出信号に変換して、水素タンク１内の圧力を検出できるものである。 For example, a diaphragm type sensor is used as the pressure sensor 14. The diaphragm pressure sensor 14 has a diaphragm as a metal plate, for example, and is provided with a strain gauge. The diaphragm pressure sensor 14 converts a deformation of the diaphragm due to the pressure in the tank into a pressure detection signal to generate a hydrogen tank. The pressure in 1 can be detected.
　しかし、図１１に示すように、圧力センサ１４と水素タンク１の内部空間１ａとを圧力検出ライン７を介して直接に連通させる構成とすると、圧力センサ１４が例えば破損した場合に、水素タンク１内の高圧水素ガスの全てがこの圧力検出ライン７を通って外部へ放出され、周囲環境に影響を及ぼすことがある。 However, as shown in FIG. 11, when the pressure sensor 14 and the internal space 1 a of the hydrogen tank 1 are directly communicated with each other via the pressure detection line 7, the hydrogen tank 1 is damaged when the pressure sensor 14 is damaged, for example. All of the high-pressure hydrogen gas inside is discharged to the outside through the pressure detection line 7 and may affect the surrounding environment.
　なお、圧力センサ１４は、バルブブロック８の外表面に露出した状態で取り付けるものが一般的であるので、機械的衝撃を受けて破損することがある。 In addition, since the pressure sensor 14 is generally attached in a state of being exposed on the outer surface of the valve block 8, it may be damaged by receiving a mechanical impact.
　そこで、その対策として、図１２に示すタンク内圧力計測用回路１５がある。この回路１５は、出力ライン４の開閉弁１０と減圧弁１１との間の分岐部１６から圧力検出ライン７を分岐させて、この圧力検出ライン７に圧力センサ１４を設けるようにしたものである（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。このようにすると、圧力センサ１４が破損した場合でも、開閉弁１０が閉状態であるときは、水素タンク１内の水素ガスがタンク１の外部に放出されることを防止することができる。 Therefore, as a countermeasure, there is a tank pressure measuring circuit 15 shown in FIG. In this circuit 15, the pressure detection line 7 is branched from a branch portion 16 between the on-off valve 10 and the pressure reducing valve 11 of the output line 4, and a pressure sensor 14 is provided in the pressure detection line 7. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). In this way, even when the pressure sensor 14 is damaged, it is possible to prevent hydrogen gas in the hydrogen tank 1 from being released to the outside of the tank 1 when the on-off valve 10 is closed.
　また、他の従来のタンク内圧力計測用回路として、図には示さないが、複数の水素タンクのそれぞれの出入口に分岐管を設け、各分岐管に圧力センサを取り付けて、これら複数の圧力センサによって検出されるそれぞれのタンク内の圧力が、許容される範囲内にあるか否かを判定することによって、異常のある圧力センサを検知することができるものがある（例えば、特許文献２参照。）。 As another conventional tank pressure measuring circuit, although not shown in the figure, a branch pipe is provided at each of the plurality of hydrogen tanks, and a pressure sensor is attached to each branch pipe. In some cases, it is possible to detect an abnormal pressure sensor by determining whether or not the pressure in each tank detected by the above is within an allowable range (see, for example, Patent Document 2). ).
特開２００７－３５４４５号公報JP 2007-35445 A 特開２００１－３１７６９５号公報JP 2001-317695 A
　しかし、図１２に示す特許文献１のタンク内圧力計測用回路１５であっても、開閉弁１０が開状態であるときは、水素タンク１内の水素ガスがタンク１の外部に放出されてしまう。また開閉弁１０が閉状態であっても、出力ライン４内の水素ガスは外部に放出されてしまう。 However, even in the tank pressure measuring circuit 15 of Patent Document 1 shown in FIG. 12, the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen tank 1 is released to the outside of the tank 1 when the on-off valve 10 is open. . Even if the on-off valve 10 is closed, the hydrogen gas in the output line 4 is released to the outside.
　そして、特許文献２のタンク内圧力計測用回路であっても、圧力センサが破損した場合、その破損箇所からの水素ガスの流出を阻止することはできない。 Even in the tank pressure measurement circuit disclosed in Patent Document 2, when the pressure sensor is damaged, it is impossible to prevent hydrogen gas from flowing out from the damaged portion.
　　また、圧力センサの破損原因は、機械的衝撃だけでなく、圧力センサの検知対象が水素ガスである場合には水素ガスによる脆性破壊が考えられる。しかし、特許文献１、２は、脆性破壊による圧力センサの破損については考慮されていない。 Also, the cause of damage to the pressure sensor is not only mechanical impact, but also brittle fracture due to hydrogen gas when the detection target of the pressure sensor is hydrogen gas. However, Patent Documents 1 and 2 do not consider the breakage of the pressure sensor due to brittle fracture.
　本発明は、上記のような課題を解決するためになされたものであり、圧力センサが機械的に破損して、この圧力センサからタンク内の流体が外部に流出する状態となったときに、タンク内の流体の流出を短時間で確実に止めることができ、少ない流出量となるようにすることができるタンク内圧力計測用回路及びそれを備えるタンク装置を提供することを目的としている。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. When the pressure sensor is mechanically damaged and the fluid in the tank flows out of the pressure sensor, An object of the present invention is to provide a tank pressure measuring circuit capable of reliably stopping the outflow of a fluid in a tank in a short time and a small outflow amount, and a tank apparatus including the same.
　本発明に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路は、タンクの開口部に形成されている開口が密封されるバルブブロックと、タンク内の圧力を検出するための圧力センサと、前記バルブブロックに設けられ、前記圧力センサにタンク内の圧力を導くための圧力検出ラインと、前記圧力検出ラインの前記圧力センサの上流側に設けられる過流防止装置とを備え、前記過流防止装置は、当該過流防止装置における前記タンク側の入口圧力と前記圧力センサ側の圧力との差圧が、予め定める設定差圧以上になったときに、前記圧力検出ラインを開放する開状態から前記圧力検出ラインを閉塞する閉状態に切換わるように作動するものである。 A tank internal pressure measurement circuit according to the present invention is provided in a valve block in which an opening formed in an opening of a tank is sealed, a pressure sensor for detecting pressure in the tank, and the valve block, A pressure detection line for guiding the pressure in the tank to the pressure sensor; and an overflow prevention device provided upstream of the pressure sensor in the pressure detection line, the overflow prevention device comprising the overflow prevention When the pressure difference between the inlet pressure on the tank side and the pressure on the pressure sensor side of the apparatus becomes equal to or higher than a preset differential pressure, the pressure detection line is closed from an open state where the pressure detection line is opened. It operates to switch to the closed state.
　本発明に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路によると、流体が充填されているタンク内の圧力は、圧力検出ラインを通って圧力センサに導かれ、圧力センサによって検出することができ、この圧力センサの出力によって、タンク内の圧力を知ることができる。 According to the tank pressure measurement circuit of the present invention, the pressure in the tank filled with fluid is guided to the pressure sensor through the pressure detection line and can be detected by the pressure sensor. The pressure in the tank can be known from the output.
　そして、過流防止装置によると、例えば圧力センサが機械的に破損して、この圧力センサからタンク内の流体が外部に流出する状態となった場合であって、この過流防止装置におけるタンク側の入口圧力と圧力センサ側の圧力との差圧が、予め定める設定差圧以上になったときに、この圧力検出ラインを開放する開状態から圧力検出ラインを閉塞する閉状態に切換わるように作動することができる。これによって、タンク内の流体が圧力検出ラインを通って流出することを止めることができる。 According to the overflow prevention device, for example, when the pressure sensor is mechanically damaged and the fluid in the tank flows out from the pressure sensor to the outside, the tank side in this overflow prevention device When the differential pressure between the inlet pressure of the pressure sensor and the pressure on the pressure sensor exceeds a preset differential pressure, the pressure detection line is switched from the open state to the closed state to close the pressure detection line. Can be operated. Thereby, the fluid in the tank can be stopped from flowing out through the pressure detection line.
　この発明に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路において、前記バルブブロックに設けられ、前記タンクの内部空間に流体を充填するための充填ラインを備え、前記充填ラインから分岐する前記圧力検出ラインが設けられ、前記圧力検出ラインの上流側から順に、前記過流防止装置及び前記圧力センサが設けられているものとすることができる。 In the tank pressure measurement circuit according to the present invention, the pressure detection line provided in the valve block, provided with a filling line for filling a fluid in the internal space of the tank, and branched from the filling line is provided. The overflow prevention device and the pressure sensor may be provided in order from the upstream side of the pressure detection line.
　このように、充填ライン及び圧力検出ラインがラインの一部を共用すると、この発明のタンク内圧力計測用回路の構造を簡単でコンパクトにすることができ、加工費の低減を図ることができる。そして、充填ライン及び圧力検出ラインがラインの一部を共用することによって、バルブブロックに空いたスペースを確保することができる。よって、このバルブブロックに設けられるタンク内圧力計測用回路、及びその他の回路の設計の自由度を拡げることができる。また、充填ラインにおいて、圧力検出ラインが分岐する分岐部から下流側（タンクの内部空間側）のラインは、タンクの内部空間と常時連通させることができるので、圧力センサによって、タンク内の圧力を常時検出することができる。 As described above, when the filling line and the pressure detection line share a part of the line, the structure of the tank pressure measurement circuit according to the present invention can be made simple and compact, and the processing cost can be reduced. And since the filling line and the pressure detection line share a part of the line, a space free in the valve block can be secured. Therefore, the degree of freedom in designing the tank pressure measuring circuit and other circuits provided in the valve block can be expanded. Also, in the filling line, the line downstream from the branch where the pressure detection line branches (the tank internal space side) can always communicate with the tank internal space. It can always be detected.
　この発明に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路において、前記バルブブロックに設けられ、前記タンクの内部空間に充填されている流体を放出するための放出ラインと、この放出ラインに設けられ、タンク内の圧力が規定圧力以上になったときに、又はタンク温度が規定温度以上になったときに、前記放出ラインを閉塞する閉状態から前記放出ラインを開放する開状態に切換わるように作動する安全弁とを備え、前記放出ラインの前記安全弁よりも上流側から分岐する前記圧力検出ラインが設けられ、前記圧力検出ラインの上流側から順に、前記過流防止装置及び前記圧力センサが設けられているものとすることができる。 In the tank internal pressure measuring circuit according to the present invention, a discharge line provided in the valve block for discharging a fluid filled in the internal space of the tank, and a pressure in the tank provided in the discharge line. A safety valve that operates to switch from a closed state that closes the discharge line to an open state that opens the discharge line when the pressure exceeds a specified pressure or when the tank temperature exceeds a specified temperature. Provided, the pressure detection line branched from the upstream side of the safety valve of the discharge line is provided, and the overflow prevention device and the pressure sensor are provided in order from the upstream side of the pressure detection line. be able to.
　この安全弁が設けられている放出ラインによると、例えば火災等によってタンク内の圧力が規定圧力以上になったときに、又はタンク温度が規定温度以上になったときに、この安全弁が作動して、放出ラインを閉塞する閉状態から放出ラインを開放する開状態に切換わり、タンク内の流体を外部に安全に放出することができる。 According to the discharge line provided with this safety valve, when the pressure in the tank becomes higher than the specified pressure due to fire or the like, or when the tank temperature becomes higher than the specified temperature, the safety valve is activated, It switches from the closed state which closes a discharge line to the open state which opens a discharge line, and can discharge the fluid in a tank safely outside.
　そして、このように放出ライン及び圧力検出ラインがラインの一部を共用すると、この発明のタンク内圧力計測用回路の構造を簡単でコンパクトにすることができ、加工費の低減を図ることができる。そして、放出ライン及び圧力検出ラインがラインの一部を共用することによって、バルブブロックに空いたスペースを確保することができる。よって、このバルブブロックに設けられるタンク内圧力計測用回路、及びその他の回路の設計の自由度を拡げることができる。また、放出ラインにおいて、圧力検出ラインが分岐する分岐部から上流側（タンクの内部空間側）のラインは、タンクの内部空間と常時連通させることができるので、圧力センサによって、タンク内の圧力を常時検出することができる。 If the discharge line and the pressure detection line share a part of the line in this way, the structure of the tank pressure measurement circuit according to the present invention can be simplified and compact, and the processing cost can be reduced. . And since a discharge line and a pressure detection line share a part of line, the space which was vacant in the valve block can be ensured. Therefore, the degree of freedom in designing the tank pressure measuring circuit and other circuits provided in the valve block can be expanded. Also, in the discharge line, the line upstream from the branch where the pressure detection line branches (the tank internal space side) can always communicate with the internal space of the tank, so the pressure sensor controls the pressure in the tank. It can always be detected.
　この発明に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路において、前記バルブブロックに設けられ、前記タンクの内部空間に充填されている流体を流出させるための出力ラインと、この出力ラインの上流側から順に設けられた開閉弁及び減圧弁とを備え、前記出力ラインの前記開閉弁と前記減圧弁との間から分岐する前記圧力検出ラインが設けられ、前記圧力検出ラインの上流側から順に、前記過流防止装置及び前記圧力センサが設けられているものとすることができる。 In the tank pressure measuring circuit according to the present invention, an output line provided in the valve block for allowing the fluid filled in the internal space of the tank to flow out, and in order from the upstream side of the output line. An on-off valve and a pressure reducing valve, provided with the pressure detection line branching from between the on-off valve and the pressure reducing valve of the output line, in order from the upstream side of the pressure detection line, the overflow prevention device and The pressure sensor may be provided.
　この開閉弁及び減圧弁が設けられている出力ラインによると、開閉弁を開閉することによって、タンク内の流体を流出させることができるし、タンク内に封じ込めることができる。そして、減圧弁によって、タンク内の流体を減圧して流出させることができる。 According to the output line provided with the on-off valve and the pressure reducing valve, by opening and closing the on-off valve, the fluid in the tank can flow out and can be contained in the tank. Then, the fluid in the tank can be decompressed and discharged by the pressure reducing valve.
　そして、このように出力ライン及び圧力検出ラインがラインの一部を共用すると、この発明のタンク内圧力計測用回路の構造を簡単でコンパクトにすることができ、加工費の低減を図ることができる。そして、出力ライン及び圧力検出ラインがラインの一部を共用することによって、バルブブロックに空いたスペースを確保することができる。よって、このバルブブロックに設けられるタンク内圧力計測用回路、及びその他の回路の設計の自由度を拡げることができる。また、出力ラインにおいて、圧力検出ラインが分岐する分岐部から上流側のラインには、開閉弁が設けられているので、開閉弁が開状態のときに、タンク内の圧力を圧力センサによって検出することができる。 If the output line and the pressure detection line share a part of the line in this way, the structure of the tank pressure measurement circuit according to the present invention can be simplified and compact, and the processing cost can be reduced. . And since an output line and a pressure detection line share a part of line, the vacant space can be ensured in the valve block. Therefore, the degree of freedom in designing the tank pressure measuring circuit and other circuits provided in the valve block can be expanded. In the output line, an on-off valve is provided on the upstream line from the branch where the pressure detection line branches, so that the pressure in the tank is detected by the pressure sensor when the on-off valve is open. be able to.
　この発明に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路において、前記圧力センサが、金属製ダイアフラム式であるものとすることができる。 In the tank pressure measuring circuit according to the present invention, the pressure sensor may be a metal diaphragm type.
　この圧力センサによると、金属製ダイアフラムに設けられている例えば歪みゲージが、この金属製ダイアフラムのタンク内圧力による変形を圧力検出信号に変換してタンク内の圧力を検出することができる。そして、金属製のダイアフラムを使用するのは、ダイアフラムの強度が高いためであり、これによってタンク内の高圧力を検出することができる。また、例えばタンク内に充填される流体によって、金属製ダイアフラムが脆化又は腐食することによって破損したとしても、過流防止装置によってタンク内の流体の流出を短時間で確実に止めることができ、少ない流出量となるようにすることができる。 According to the pressure sensor, for example, a strain gauge provided in the metal diaphragm can detect the pressure in the tank by converting the deformation of the metal diaphragm due to the pressure in the tank into a pressure detection signal. The reason why the metal diaphragm is used is that the strength of the diaphragm is high, so that the high pressure in the tank can be detected. Moreover, even if the metal diaphragm is damaged due to embrittlement or corrosion due to the fluid filled in the tank, for example, the outflow of the fluid in the tank can be reliably stopped in a short time by the overflow prevention device, The amount of outflow can be reduced.
　本発明に係るタンク装置は、本発明のタンク内圧力計測用回路が、燃料電池車、水素エンジン車又は圧縮天然ガス車用の前記タンクの開口部に取り付けられ、前記タンク内に水素ガス又は天然ガスの流体が充填されるものである。 In the tank device according to the present invention, the tank internal pressure measurement circuit according to the present invention is attached to an opening of the tank for a fuel cell vehicle, a hydrogen engine vehicle, or a compressed natural gas vehicle, and hydrogen gas or natural gas is contained in the tank. It is filled with a gas fluid.
　本発明に係るタンク装置によると、本発明のタンク内圧力計測用回路を備えているので、上記と同様に、圧力センサが破損することがあったとしても、過流防止装置によってタンク内の流体の流出を短時間で確実に止めることができ、少ない流出量となるようにすることができる。その結果、流体の流出による周囲環境に対する影響を防ぐことができる。 According to the tank device of the present invention, since the tank internal pressure measuring circuit of the present invention is provided, even if the pressure sensor is damaged, the fluid in the tank is Can be reliably stopped in a short time, and the amount of outflow can be reduced. As a result, the influence on the surrounding environment due to the outflow of fluid can be prevented.
　本発明に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路によると、圧力センサが機械的に破損して、この圧力センサからタンク内の流体が外部に流出する状態となったときに、過流防止装置によってタンク内の流体の流出を短時間で確実に止めることができ、少ない流出量となるようにすることができる。これによって、タンク内の流体の流出による損失を低減することができ、その流体の流出が周囲環境に影響を及ぼすものである場合は、周囲環境に対する影響を防ぐことができる。 According to the tank pressure measuring circuit of the present invention, when the pressure sensor is mechanically damaged and the fluid in the tank flows out of the pressure sensor, the overflow prevention device It is possible to reliably stop the outflow of the fluid in a short time and to reduce the outflow amount. Thereby, the loss due to the outflow of the fluid in the tank can be reduced, and when the outflow of the fluid affects the surrounding environment, the influence on the surrounding environment can be prevented.
図１は、この発明の第１実施形態に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路を示す構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a tank internal pressure measuring circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 図２は、同第１実施形態に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路に使用されている圧力センサの要部拡大断面図である。FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of a pressure sensor used in the tank pressure measuring circuit according to the first embodiment. 図３は、同第１実施形態に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路に使用されている過流防止装置を示す拡大縦断面図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing an overflow prevention device used in the tank pressure measuring circuit according to the first embodiment. 図４は、同発明の第２実施形態に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路を示す構成図である。FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a tank pressure measuring circuit according to the second embodiment of the invention. 図５は、同発明の第３実施形態に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路を示す構成図である。FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a tank pressure measuring circuit according to a third embodiment of the invention. 図６は、同発明の第４実施形態に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路を示す構成図である。FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a tank pressure measuring circuit according to the fourth embodiment of the invention. 図７は、同発明の第５実施形態に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路を示す構成図である。FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a tank pressure measuring circuit according to the fifth embodiment of the invention. 図８は、同発明の第６実施形態に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路を示す構成図である。FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a tank pressure measuring circuit according to the sixth embodiment of the invention. 図９は、同発明の第７実施形態に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路を示す構成図である。FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing a tank pressure measuring circuit according to the seventh embodiment of the invention. 図１０は、同発明の第８実施形態に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路を示す構成図である。FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing a tank pressure measuring circuit according to the eighth embodiment of the invention. 図１１は、従来のタンク内圧力計測用回路を示す構成図である。FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a conventional tank pressure measurement circuit. 図１２は、従来の他のタンク内圧力計測用回路を示す構成図である。FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing another conventional tank pressure measurement circuit.
　以下、本発明に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路及びそれを備えるタンク装置の第１実施形態を、図１～図３を参照して説明する。このタンク内圧力計測用回路１７を備えるタンク装置１８は、例えば燃料電池車、水素エンジン車や圧縮天然ガス車に搭載されて、燃料タンク装置として使用することができるものである。このタンク装置１８は、図１に示すように、タンク１９と、このタンク１９の開口部２０に設けられている容器元弁タイプのバルブユニット２１とを備えている。 Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a tank pressure measuring circuit and a tank apparatus including the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The tank device 18 including the tank pressure measuring circuit 17 is mounted on, for example, a fuel cell vehicle, a hydrogen engine vehicle, or a compressed natural gas vehicle, and can be used as a fuel tank device. As shown in FIG. 1, the tank device 18 includes a tank 19 and a container base valve type valve unit 21 provided in an opening 20 of the tank 19.
　タンク１９は、水素ガスや天然ガス等の流体を高圧で充填及び貯留することができる有底円筒状の容器であり、図示しないタンク本体を有している。そして、このタンク１９には、開口部２０が形成され、この開口部２０が形成する開口２０ａは、タンク本体の内部空間１９ａと連通している。 The tank 19 is a bottomed cylindrical container capable of filling and storing a fluid such as hydrogen gas or natural gas at a high pressure, and has a tank body (not shown). An opening 20 is formed in the tank 19, and the opening 20a formed by the opening 20 communicates with the internal space 19a of the tank body.
　この図１に示す開口部２０は、略円筒状であって、タンク本体よりも小さい直径であり、内周面に雌ねじ部が形成されている。この開口部２０は、口金部とも呼ばれるものである。 The opening 20 shown in FIG. 1 has a substantially cylindrical shape and a diameter smaller than that of the tank body, and has an internal thread portion formed on the inner peripheral surface. The opening 20 is also called a base part.
　バルブユニット２１は、図１に示すように、例えば金属製のバルブブロック２２を有し、このバルブブロック２２は、タンク１９の開口部２０の内側に螺合して装着されている。つまり、この図１に示すバルブブロック２２の下部に小径部２２ａが形成され、この小径部２２ａの外周面に形成されている雄ねじ部が、開口部２０の内周面に形成されている雌ねじ部に螺合している。そして、このタンク１９の開口部２０の内周面と、バルブブロック２２の外周面との隙間は、図示しないシール構造によって密封されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the valve unit 21 includes, for example, a metal valve block 22, and the valve block 22 is screwed into the opening 20 of the tank 19. That is, a small-diameter portion 22a is formed in the lower portion of the valve block 22 shown in FIG. 1, and a male screw portion formed on the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter portion 22a is a female screw portion formed on the inner peripheral surface of the opening portion 20. Are screwed together. The gap between the inner peripheral surface of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and the outer peripheral surface of the valve block 22 is sealed by a seal structure (not shown).
　また、このバルブユニット２１は、図１に示すように、圧力検出ライン２３、充填ライン２４、出力ライン２５、及び放出ライン２６を備えており、各ラインは、孔で形成された通路である。 Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the valve unit 21 includes a pressure detection line 23, a filling line 24, an output line 25, and a discharge line 26, and each line is a passage formed by a hole.
　圧力検出ライン２３は、図１に示すように、バルブブロック２２に設けられ、同図に示す圧力センサ２７にタンク１９内の圧力を導くためのラインである。この圧力検出ライン２３の入口２３ａは、バルブブロック２２の下部に形成されている小径部２２ａの下面で開口し、タンク１９内に向かっている。そして、圧力検出ライン２３の出口２３ｂは、バルブブロック２２の上部に形成されている大径部２２ｂの上面で開口し、外部に向かっている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the pressure detection line 23 is provided in the valve block 22 and is a line for guiding the pressure in the tank 19 to the pressure sensor 27 shown in FIG. The inlet 23 a of the pressure detection line 23 opens at the lower surface of the small-diameter portion 22 a formed at the lower part of the valve block 22 and faces toward the inside of the tank 19. And the outlet 23b of the pressure detection line 23 opens on the upper surface of the large diameter part 22b formed in the upper part of the valve block 22, and is going outside.
　そして、図１に示すように、この圧力検出ライン２３の出口２３ｂに圧力センサ２７が取り付けられている。更に、圧力検出ライン２３の途中に過流防止装置２８が設けられている。この過流防止装置２８は、圧力センサ２７の上流側（タンク１９の内部空間１９ａ側）であって、バルブブロック２２の大径部２２ｂ内に配置され、かつ、タンク１９の開口部２０の先端縁部２０ｂよりもタンク１９の外側（オンタンク）に設けられている。 As shown in FIG. 1, a pressure sensor 27 is attached to the outlet 23 b of the pressure detection line 23. Further, an overflow prevention device 28 is provided in the middle of the pressure detection line 23. The overflow prevention device 28 is disposed upstream of the pressure sensor 27 (on the inner space 19 a side of the tank 19), in the large diameter portion 22 b of the valve block 22, and at the tip of the opening 20 of the tank 19. It is provided outside the tank 19 (on-tank) rather than the edge 20b.
　圧力センサ２７は、図１に示すように、タンク１９内の圧力を検出するためのものであって、図２に示すように、ダイアフラム式のものである。この圧力センサ２７が備えるダイアフラム２９は、例えば金属製であり、センサケース３０に取り付けられ、ダイアフラム２９の内側表面には、複数の歪みゲージ３１が取り付けられている。 The pressure sensor 27 is for detecting the pressure in the tank 19 as shown in FIG. 1, and is a diaphragm type as shown in FIG. The diaphragm 29 provided in the pressure sensor 27 is made of, for example, metal and is attached to a sensor case 30, and a plurality of strain gauges 31 are attached to the inner surface of the diaphragm 29.
　また、圧力センサ２７は、図２に示すように、センサケース３０の下部の外周面に雄ねじ部が形成され、この雄ねじ部は、図１に示す圧力検出ライン２３の出口２３ｂに形成されている雌ねじ部に螺合して取り付けられている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the pressure sensor 27 has a male screw portion formed on the outer peripheral surface of the lower portion of the sensor case 30, and this male screw portion is formed at the outlet 23b of the pressure detection line 23 shown in FIG. It is screwed onto the female thread.
　この圧力センサ２７によると、金属製ダイアフラム２９に設けられている歪みゲージ３１が、この金属製ダイアフラム２９のタンク内圧力による変形を圧力検出信号に変換してタンク１９内の圧力を検出することができる。そして、この圧力センサ２７によって出力された圧力検出信号は、リード線３２を介して図示しない圧力表示部に出力されてタンク１９内の圧力が表示される。なお、金属製のダイアフラム２９を使用するのは、ダイアフラム２９の強度が高いためであり、これによってタンク１９内の高圧力（例えば３５ＭＰａ、７０ＭＰａ）を検出することができる。 According to the pressure sensor 27, the strain gauge 31 provided in the metal diaphragm 29 can detect the pressure in the tank 19 by converting the deformation of the metal diaphragm 29 due to the pressure in the tank into a pressure detection signal. it can. The pressure detection signal output by the pressure sensor 27 is output to a pressure display unit (not shown) via the lead wire 32 to display the pressure in the tank 19. Note that the metal diaphragm 29 is used because the strength of the diaphragm 29 is high, whereby a high pressure (for example, 35 MPa, 70 MPa) in the tank 19 can be detected.
　過流防止装置２８は、例えば図３に示すものであって、この過流防止装置２８におけるタンク１９の内部空間１９ａ側の入口圧力Ｐ１と圧力センサ２７側の圧力Ｐ２との差圧ＰＳ（＝Ｐ１－Ｐ２）が、予め定める設定差圧ＰＴ以上になったときに、圧力検出ライン２３を開放する開状態から圧力検出ライン２３を閉塞する閉状態に切換わるように作動するものである。 The overflow prevention device 28 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, and in this overflow prevention device 28, a differential pressure PS (=) between the inlet pressure P1 on the inner space 19a side of the tank 19 and the pressure P2 on the pressure sensor 27 side. When P1−P2) becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined set differential pressure PT, it operates so as to switch from an open state in which the pressure detection line 23 is opened to a closed state in which the pressure detection line 23 is closed.
　この過流防止装置２８は、図３に示すように、バルブブロック２２内に弁体３３が所定の軸線方向に沿って摺動可能に設けられ、弁体３３が一方のＷ１方向に変位することによって、圧力検出ライン２３を開放する開状態から閉塞する閉状態に切換わることができる。そして、弁体３３が他方のＷ２方向に変位することによって、圧力検出ライン２３を閉塞する閉状態から開放する開状態に切換わることができる。 As shown in FIG. 3, the overflow prevention device 28 includes a valve body 33 slidably provided along a predetermined axial direction in the valve block 22, and the valve body 33 is displaced in one W1 direction. Thus, the pressure detection line 23 can be switched from the open state to the closed state to close it. And the valve body 33 can be switched to the open state which opens from the closed state which closes the pressure detection line 23 by displacing to the other W2 direction.
　この弁体３３は、逆カップ状に形成され、側壁に孔３３ａが形成されている。この過流防止装置２８は、開状態において、入口２８ａから流入した流体は、矢印３４で示すように、弁体３３の入口２８ａ側の開口を通って弁体３３の内空間に流入し、孔３３ａを通って出口２８ｂから流出するように構成されている。 The valve element 33 is formed in an inverted cup shape, and a hole 33a is formed in the side wall. When the overflow prevention device 28 is in the open state, the fluid flowing in from the inlet 28a flows into the inner space of the valve body 33 through the opening on the inlet 28a side of the valve body 33 as shown by an arrow 34, and the hole It is configured to flow out from the outlet 28b through 33a.
　そして、弁体３３の孔３３ａが形成される部分は、流体の圧力を損失させる固定絞りとして機能する。従って、入口２８ａから流入する流体の圧力である入口圧力Ｐ１よりも、出口２８ｂから流出する流体の圧力である出口圧力Ｐ２が低くなって、入口圧力Ｐ１と出口圧力Ｐ２との間に差圧ＰＳ（＝Ｐ１－Ｐ２）が生じる。この差圧ＰＳによって、弁体３３は、Ｗ１方向への駆動力を受ける。また、バルブブロック２２内には、ばね部材３５が配置されており、弁体３３は、このばね部材３５によって、Ｗ２方向への駆動力を受ける。 And the part in which the hole 33a of the valve body 33 is formed functions as a fixed throttle for losing the fluid pressure. Accordingly, the outlet pressure P2, which is the pressure of the fluid flowing out from the outlet 28b, is lower than the inlet pressure P1, which is the pressure of the fluid flowing in from the inlet 28a, and the differential pressure PS between the inlet pressure P1 and the outlet pressure P2 is reduced. (= P1-P2) occurs. Due to this differential pressure PS, the valve element 33 receives a driving force in the W1 direction. Further, a spring member 35 is disposed in the valve block 22, and the valve body 33 receives a driving force in the W2 direction by the spring member 35.
　この図３に示す過流防止装置２８によると、入口２８ａから流入する流体の流量が予め定める設定流量以上になると、差圧ＰＳが予め定める設定差圧ＰＴ以上になり、差圧ＰＳに基づくＷ１方向（閉弁方向）への駆動力が、ばね部材３５によるＷ２方向（開弁方向）への駆動力に打ち勝つこととなる。これによって弁体３３は、Ｗ１方向へ変位し、孔３３ａがこの弁体３３及びバルブブロック２２に形成された弁座３６によって塞がれ、過流防止装置２８は、閉状態に切換わることができる。 According to the overflow prevention device 28 shown in FIG. 3, when the flow rate of the fluid flowing in from the inlet 28a becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined set flow rate, the differential pressure PS becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined set differential pressure PT, and W1 based on the differential pressure PS. The driving force in the direction (valve closing direction) overcomes the driving force in the W2 direction (valve opening direction) by the spring member 35. As a result, the valve body 33 is displaced in the W1 direction, the hole 33a is blocked by the valve seat 36 formed in the valve body 33 and the valve block 22, and the overflow prevention device 28 is switched to the closed state. it can.
　次に、上記のように構成されたタンク内圧力計測用回路１７、及びそれを備えるタンク装置１８によると、図１に示すように、流体が充填されているタンク１９内の圧力は、圧力検出ライン２３を通って圧力センサ２７に導かれ、圧力センサ２７によって検出することができる。この圧力センサ２７によって出力された圧力検出信号は、図示しない圧力表示部に出力されてタンク１９内の圧力が表示される。 Next, according to the tank pressure measuring circuit 17 configured as described above and the tank device 18 including the same, as shown in FIG. 1, the pressure in the tank 19 filled with fluid is detected by pressure. It is guided to the pressure sensor 27 through the line 23 and can be detected by the pressure sensor 27. The pressure detection signal output by the pressure sensor 27 is output to a pressure display unit (not shown) to display the pressure in the tank 19.
　そして、過流防止装置２８によると、例えば図１に示す圧力センサ２７が機械的に破損して、この圧力センサ２７からタンク１９内の流体が外部に流出する状態となった場合であって、この過流防止装置２８におけるタンク１９の内部空間１９ａ側の入口圧力Ｐ１と圧力センサ２７側の圧力Ｐ２との差圧ＰＳが、予め定める設定差圧ＰＴ以上になったときに、この圧力検出ライン２３を開放する開状態から圧力検出ライン２３を閉塞する閉状態に切換わるように作動することができる。これによって、タンク１９内の流体が圧力検出ライン２３を通って外部（大気中）に流出することを止めることができる。 According to the overflow prevention device 28, for example, the pressure sensor 27 shown in FIG. 1 is mechanically damaged, and the fluid in the tank 19 flows out from the pressure sensor 27 to the outside. When the differential pressure PS between the inlet pressure P1 on the internal space 19a side of the tank 19 and the pressure P2 on the pressure sensor 27 side in the overflow prevention device 28 becomes equal to or higher than a preset differential pressure PT, this pressure detection line. It is possible to operate so as to switch from an open state where 23 is opened to a closed state where the pressure detection line 23 is closed. Thereby, the fluid in the tank 19 can be prevented from flowing out to the outside (in the atmosphere) through the pressure detection line 23.
　このように、過流防止装置２８は、タンク１９内の流体の外部への流出を短時間で確実に止めることができ、少ない流出量となるようにすることができる。その結果、タンク１９内の流体の流出による損失を低減することができ、その流体の流出が周囲環境に影響を及ぼすものである場合は、周囲環境に対する影響を防ぐことができる。 Thus, the overflow prevention device 28 can reliably stop the outflow of the fluid in the tank 19 to the outside in a short time, and can reduce the outflow amount. As a result, loss due to the outflow of fluid in the tank 19 can be reduced, and if the outflow of fluid affects the surrounding environment, the influence on the surrounding environment can be prevented.
　なお、圧力センサ２７が破損する原因として、例えば金属製ダイアフラム２９が、タンク１９内に充填されている水素ガス等の流体によって脆性破壊したり、腐食性流体によって腐蝕破壊することが考えられる。また、図１に示すように、既製の圧力センサ２７は、バルブブロック２２の外表面に露出した状態で取り付けるものが一般的であるので、機械的衝撃を受けて破損することもある。 As a cause of damage to the pressure sensor 27, for example, the metal diaphragm 29 may be brittlely broken by a fluid such as hydrogen gas filled in the tank 19 or corroded by a corrosive fluid. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the ready-made pressure sensor 27 is generally attached in a state of being exposed on the outer surface of the valve block 22, and may be damaged by receiving a mechanical impact.
　次に、図１に示す充填ライン２４、出力ライン２５、及び放出ライン２６、並びに各ラインに設けられている開閉弁３７、減圧弁３８、フィルタ３９、安全弁４０、及び逆止弁４１を説明する。 Next, the filling line 24, the output line 25, the discharge line 26 shown in FIG. 1, and the on-off valve 37, the pressure reducing valve 38, the filter 39, the safety valve 40, and the check valve 41 provided in each line will be described. .
　充填ライン２４は、図１に示すように、バルブブロック２２に設けられ、水素ガス等の流体を外部からタンク１９の内部空間１９ａに充填するときに使用されるラインである。この充填ライン２４の入口２４ａは、バルブブロック２２の上部に形成されている大径部２２ｂの外周面で開口し、外部に向かっている。そして、充填ライン２４の出口２４ｂは、バルブブロック２２の下部に形成されている小径部２２ａの下面で開口し、タンク１９内に向かっている。そして、この充填ライン２４の途中であって、バルブブロック２２の大径部２２ｂ内に逆止弁４１が設けられている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the filling line 24 is a line that is provided in the valve block 22 and is used when a fluid such as hydrogen gas is filled into the internal space 19a of the tank 19 from the outside. The inlet 24a of the filling line 24 opens at the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter portion 22b formed at the upper part of the valve block 22 and faces the outside. The outlet 24 b of the filling line 24 opens at the lower surface of the small-diameter portion 22 a formed at the lower part of the valve block 22 and goes into the tank 19. A check valve 41 is provided in the large diameter portion 22 b of the valve block 22 in the middle of the filling line 24.
　この逆止弁４１は、流体を、充填ライン２４を通じてタンク１９内に充填するときには、開状態となり、流体をタンク１９内に充填することができる。そして、タンク１９内に流体が充填された状態では、閉状態となり、タンク１９内に充填された流体が充填ライン２４を通じて外部に流出しないようにすることができる。 The check valve 41 is in an open state when a fluid is filled into the tank 19 through the filling line 24, so that the fluid can be filled into the tank 19. When the tank 19 is filled with fluid, the tank 19 is closed, and the fluid filled in the tank 19 can be prevented from flowing out through the filling line 24.
　出力ライン２５は、図１に示すように、バルブブロック２２に設けられ、タンク１９の内部空間１９ａに充填されている流体を外部に出力して、図示しない例えば燃料電池に供給するときに使用されるラインである。この出力ライン２５の入口２５ａは、バルブブロック２２の小径部２２ａの下面で開口し、タンク１９内に向かっている。そして、出力ライン２５の出口２５ｂは、バルブブロック２２の大径部２２ｂの外周面で開口し、外部に向かっている。そして、この出力ライン２５の途中に上流側（タンク１９の内部空間１９ａ側）から順に、フィルタ３９、開閉弁３７及び減圧弁３８が設けられている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the output line 25 is provided in the valve block 22 and is used when the fluid filled in the internal space 19 a of the tank 19 is output to the outside and supplied to, for example, a fuel cell (not shown). Line. An inlet 25 a of the output line 25 opens at the lower surface of the small diameter portion 22 a of the valve block 22 and faces the inside of the tank 19. And the exit 25b of the output line 25 opens in the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter part 22b of the valve block 22, and is going outside. In the middle of the output line 25, a filter 39, an on-off valve 37, and a pressure reducing valve 38 are provided in this order from the upstream side (the internal space 19a side of the tank 19).
　ただし、フィルタ３９及び開閉弁３７は、図１に示すように、タンク１９の開口部２０の先端縁部２０ｂよりもタンク１９の内部空間１９ａ側（インタンク）であって、バルブブロック２２の小径部２２ａ内に設けられている。減圧弁３８は、タンク１９の開口部２０の先端縁部２０ｂよりもタンク１９の外側（オンタンク）であって、バルブブロック２２の大径部２２ｂ内に設けられている。 However, as shown in FIG. 1, the filter 39 and the on-off valve 37 are closer to the inner space 19 a (in-tank) of the tank 19 than the front end edge 20 b of the opening 20 of the tank 19, and have a small diameter of the valve block 22. It is provided in the part 22a. The pressure reducing valve 38 is provided outside the tank 19 (on-tank) from the front edge 20 b of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and in the large diameter portion 22 b of the valve block 22.
　フィルタ３９は、タンク１９内の流体が出力ライン２５を通って流出するときに、その流体に含まれる異物等を除去するためのものである。 The filter 39 is for removing foreign substances contained in the fluid when the fluid in the tank 19 flows out through the output line 25.
　開閉弁３７は、例えば電磁弁で構成され、開閉動作することによって、出力ライン２５を開状態にしたり、閉状態にすることができるものである。開閉弁３７が開状態のときは、タンク１９内の流体を出力ライン２５に通して外部に流出させることができる。そして、開閉弁３７が閉状態のときは、タンク１９内の流体をタンク１９内に封じ込めることができる。 The on-off valve 37 is composed of, for example, an electromagnetic valve, and can open or close the output line 25 by opening and closing. When the on-off valve 37 is in an open state, the fluid in the tank 19 can flow out through the output line 25. When the on-off valve 37 is closed, the fluid in the tank 19 can be contained in the tank 19.
　減圧弁３８は、タンク１９内の流体を出力ライン２５に通して外部に減圧した状態で流出させることができるものである。 The pressure reducing valve 38 allows the fluid in the tank 19 to flow out through the output line 25 while being decompressed to the outside.
　放出ライン２６は、図１に示すように、バルブブロック２２に設けられ、タンク１９の内部空間１９ａに充填されている流体を外部に放出するためのラインである。この放出ライン２６の入口２６ａは、バルブブロック２２の小径部２２ａの下面で開口し、タンク１９内に向かっている。そして、放出ライン２６の出口２６ｂは、バルブブロック２２の大径部２２ｂの外周面で開口し、外部に向かっている。そして、この放出ライン２６の途中であって、バルブブロック２２の大径部２２ｂ内に安全弁４０が設けられている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the discharge line 26 is a line that is provided in the valve block 22 and discharges the fluid filled in the internal space 19 a of the tank 19 to the outside. The inlet 26 a of the discharge line 26 opens at the lower surface of the small-diameter portion 22 a of the valve block 22 and goes into the tank 19. The outlet 26b of the discharge line 26 opens at the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter portion 22b of the valve block 22 and faces the outside. A safety valve 40 is provided in the large diameter portion 22 b of the valve block 22 in the middle of the discharge line 26.
　安全弁４０は、タンク１９内の圧力が規定圧力以上になったときに、又はタンク温度が規定温度以上になったときに、放出ライン２６を閉塞する閉状態から放出ライン２６を開放する開状態に切換わるように作動するものである。 The safety valve 40 changes from a closed state in which the discharge line 26 is closed to an open state in which the discharge line 26 is opened when the pressure in the tank 19 exceeds a specified pressure or when the tank temperature becomes higher than a specified temperature. It operates so as to switch.
　この安全弁４０が設けられている放出ライン２６によると、例えば火災等によってタンク１９内の圧力が規定圧力以上になったときに、又はタンク温度が規定温度以上になったときに、この安全弁４０が作動して、放出ライン２６を閉塞する閉状態から放出ライン２６を開放する開状態に切換わり、タンク１９内の流体を外部に安全に放出することができる。 According to the discharge line 26 provided with the safety valve 40, when the pressure in the tank 19 becomes higher than a specified pressure due to a fire or the like, or when the tank temperature becomes higher than a specified temperature, the safety valve 40 is By operating, the closed state in which the discharge line 26 is closed is switched to the open state in which the discharge line 26 is opened, and the fluid in the tank 19 can be safely discharged to the outside.
　次に、本発明に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路及びそれを備えるタンク装置の第２実施形態を、図４を参照して説明する。この図４に示す第２実施形態のタンク装置４３と、図１に示す第１実施形態のタンク装置１８とが相違するところは、図１に示す第１実施形態では、過流防止装置２８を、タンク１９の開口部２０の先端縁部２０ｂよりもタンク１９の外側（オンタンク）であって、バルブブロック２２の大径部２２ｂ内に設けたのに対して、図４に示す第２実施形態では、過流防止装置２８を、タンク１９の開口部２０の先端縁部２０ｂよりもタンク１９の内部空間１９ａ側（インタンク）であって、バルブブロック２２の小径部２２ａ内に設けたところである。 Next, a second embodiment of the tank pressure measuring circuit and the tank apparatus including the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The difference between the tank device 43 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 and the tank device 18 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is that, in the first embodiment shown in FIG. The second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is provided on the outside of the tank 19 (on-tank) rather than the front edge 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and in the large-diameter portion 22b of the valve block 22. Then, the overflow prevention device 28 is provided in the small-diameter portion 22a of the valve block 22 on the inner space 19a side (in-tank) of the tank 19 with respect to the tip edge portion 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19. .
　これ以外は、第１実施形態と同等であり、同等部分を同一の図面符号で示し、それらの詳細な説明を省略する。 Other than this, the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
　このようにすると、タンク１９の開口部２０を含むタンク１９自体によって、過流防止装置２８が外部から受ける衝撃等の外的要因によって損傷することを防止できる。これによって、圧力センサ２７が破損した場合に、タンク１９内の流体が圧力検出ライン２３を通って外部に放出されることを確実に防止することができる。 In this way, the tank 19 itself including the opening 20 of the tank 19 can prevent the overflow prevention device 28 from being damaged by external factors such as external impact. Thereby, when the pressure sensor 27 is damaged, it is possible to reliably prevent the fluid in the tank 19 from being discharged to the outside through the pressure detection line 23.
　また、過流防止装置２８を、タンク１９の開口部２０の先端縁部２０ｂよりもタンク１９の内部空間１９ａ側に配置することによって、過流防止装置２８がタンク１９の開口部２０の先端縁部２０ｂよりも外側に露出しないので、使用者等の要望に応じてコンパクトなタンク内圧力計測用回路４４（バルブユニット４５）及びタンク装置４３を提供することができる。 Further, the overflow prevention device 28 is arranged closer to the inner space 19 a side of the tank 19 than the front edge 20 b of the opening 20 of the tank 19, so that the overflow prevention device 28 has a front edge of the opening 20 of the tank 19. Since it is not exposed to the outside of the portion 20b, a compact tank internal pressure measurement circuit 44 (valve unit 45) and a tank device 43 can be provided according to the demand of the user or the like.
　次に、本発明に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路及びそれを備えるタンク装置の第３実施形態を、図５を参照して説明する。この図５に示す第３実施形態のタンク装置４７と、図１に示す第１実施形態のタンク装置１８とが相違するところは、図１に示す第１実施形態では、充填ライン２４と圧力検出ライン２３とが、互いに結合することなくそれぞれ別々に形成されているのに対して、図５に示す第３実施形態では、圧力検出ライン２３が、充填ライン２４における逆止弁４１の下流側（タンク１９の内部空間１９ａ側）の分岐部４８から分岐するように設けられ、この圧力検出ライン２３の上流側（タンク１９の内部空間１９ａ側）から順に、過流防止装置２８及び圧力センサ２７が設けられているところである。 Next, a third embodiment of the tank pressure measuring circuit and the tank apparatus including the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The tank device 47 according to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is different from the tank device 18 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in the first embodiment shown in FIG. The line 23 is formed separately from each other without being coupled to each other, whereas in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the pressure detection line 23 is located downstream of the check valve 41 in the filling line 24 ( The overflow prevention device 28 and the pressure sensor 27 are provided in order from the upstream side of the pressure detection line 23 (the internal space 19a side of the tank 19). It is in place.
　これ以外は、第１実施形態と同等であり、同等部分を同一の図面符号で示し、それらの詳細な説明を省略する。 Other than this, the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
　このように、充填ライン２４及び圧力検出ライン２３がラインの一部を共用すると、このタンク内圧力計測用回路４９（バルブユニット５０）及びタンク装置４７の構造を簡単でコンパクトにすることができ、加工費の低減を図ることができる。そして、充填ライン２４及び圧力検出ライン２３がラインの一部を共用することによって、バルブブロック２２に空いたスペースを確保することができる。よって、このバルブブロック２２に設けられるタンク内圧力計測用回路４９、及びその他の回路（バルブユニット５０）の設計の自由度を拡げることができる。また、充填ライン２４において、圧力検出ライン２３が分岐する分岐部４８から下流側（タンク１９の内部空間１９ａ側）のラインは、タンク１９の内部空間１９ａと常時連通しているので、圧力センサ２７によって、タンク１９内の圧力を常時検出することができる。 Thus, if the filling line 24 and the pressure detection line 23 share a part of the line, the structure of the tank pressure measurement circuit 49 (valve unit 50) and the tank device 47 can be made simple and compact. Processing costs can be reduced. The filling line 24 and the pressure detection line 23 share a part of the line, so that an empty space can be secured in the valve block 22. Therefore, the degree of freedom in designing the tank pressure measuring circuit 49 and other circuits (valve unit 50) provided in the valve block 22 can be expanded. Further, in the filling line 24, the line on the downstream side (the side of the internal space 19 a of the tank 19) from the branching portion 48 where the pressure detection line 23 branches is always in communication with the internal space 19 a of the tank 19. Thus, the pressure in the tank 19 can be always detected.
　次に、本発明に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路及びそれを備えるタンク装置の第４実施形態を、図６を参照して説明する。この図６に示す第４実施形態のタンク装置５２と、図５に示す第３実施形態のタンク装置４７とが相違するところは、図５に示す第３実施形態では、過流防止装置２８を、タンク１９の開口部２０の先端縁部２０ｂよりもタンク１９の外側（オンタンク）であって、バルブブロック２２の大径部２２ｂ内に設けたのに対して、図６に示す第４実施形態では、過流防止装置２８を、タンク１９の開口部２０の先端縁部２０ｂよりもタンク１９の内部空間１９ａ側（インタンク）であって、バルブブロック２２の小径部２２ａ内に設けたところである。 Next, a fourth embodiment of the tank pressure measuring circuit and the tank apparatus including the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The difference between the tank device 52 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 6 and the tank device 47 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is that, in the third embodiment shown in FIG. The fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is provided on the outside of the tank 19 (on-tank) rather than the tip edge 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and in the large-diameter portion 22b of the valve block 22. Then, the overflow prevention device 28 is provided in the small-diameter portion 22a of the valve block 22 on the inner space 19a side (in-tank) of the tank 19 with respect to the tip edge portion 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19. .
　これ以外は、第３実施形態と同等であり、同等部分を同一の図面符号で示し、それらの詳細な説明を省略する。 Other than this, the third embodiment is the same as the third embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
　このように過流防止装置２８を、タンク１９の開口部２０の先端縁部２０ｂよりもタンクの内部空間１９ａ側（インタンク）であって、バルブブロック２２の小径部２２ａ内に設けたことによって奏する作用及び効果は、図４に示す第２実施形態で説明したことと同様であるので、それらの説明を省略する。 Thus, the overflow prevention device 28 is provided on the inner space 19a side (in-tank) of the tank block 19 relative to the front end edge 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and in the small diameter portion 22a of the valve block 22. Since the operations and effects exerted are the same as those described in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, their descriptions are omitted.
　次に、本発明に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路及びそれを備えるタンク装置の第５実施形態を、図７を参照して説明する。この図７に示す第５実施形態のタンク装置５４と、図１に示す第１実施形態のタンク装置１８とが相違するところは、図１に示す第１実施形態では、放出ライン２６と圧力検出ライン２３とが、互いに結合することなくそれぞれ別々に形成されているのに対して、図７に示す第５実施形態では、圧力検出ライン２３が、放出ライン２６における安全弁４０の上流側（タンク１９の内部空間１９ａ側）の分岐部５５から分岐するように設けられ、この圧力検出ライン２３の上流側（タンク１９の内部空間１９ａ側）から順に、過流防止装置２８及び圧力センサ２７が設けられているところである。 Next, a fifth embodiment of a tank pressure measuring circuit and a tank apparatus including the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The tank device 54 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is different from the tank device 18 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in the first embodiment shown in FIG. The line 23 is formed separately from each other without being coupled to each other, whereas in the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the pressure detection line 23 is located upstream of the safety valve 40 (tank 19) in the discharge line 26. And an overflow prevention device 28 and a pressure sensor 27 are provided in this order from the upstream side of the pressure detection line 23 (inside the internal space 19a of the tank 19). It is in place.
　これ以外は、第１実施形態と同等であり、同等部分を同一の図面符号で示し、それらの詳細な説明を省略する。 Other than this, the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
　このように、放出ライン２６及び圧力検出ライン２３がラインの一部を共用することによって、図５に示す第３実施形態と同様に、このタンク内圧力計測用回路５６（バルブユニット５７）及びタンク装置５４の構造を簡単でコンパクトにすることができ、加工費の低減を図ることができる等の作用及び効果を奏するので、それら説明を省略する。 As described above, the discharge line 26 and the pressure detection line 23 share a part of the line, so that the tank pressure measurement circuit 56 (valve unit 57) and the tank are similar to the third embodiment shown in FIG. Since the structure of the device 54 can be made simple and compact, and there are operations and effects such as reduction in processing costs, the description thereof is omitted.
　次に、本発明に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路及びそれを備えるタンク装置の第６実施形態を、図８を参照して説明する。この図８に示す第６実施形態のタンク装置５９と、図７に示す第５実施形態のタンク装置５４とが相違するところは、図７に示す第５実施形態では、過流防止装置２８を、タンク１９の開口部２０の先端縁部２０ｂよりもタンク１９の外側（オンタンク）であって、バルブブロック２２の大径部２２ｂ内に設けたのに対して、図８に示す第６実施形態では、過流防止装置２８を、タンク１９の開口部２０の先端縁部２０ｂよりもタンク１９の内部空間１９ａ側（インタンク）であって、バルブブロック２２の小径部２２ａ内に設けたところである。 Next, a sixth embodiment of the tank pressure measuring circuit and the tank apparatus including the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The tank device 59 of the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 8 and the tank device 54 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 7 are different from each other in the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. The sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is provided on the outside of the tank 19 (on-tank) rather than the front edge 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and in the large-diameter portion 22b of the valve block 22. Then, the overflow prevention device 28 is provided in the small-diameter portion 22a of the valve block 22 on the inner space 19a side (in-tank) of the tank 19 with respect to the tip edge portion 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19. .
　これ以外は、第５実施形態と同等であり、同等部分を同一の図面符号で示し、それらの詳細な説明を省略する。 Other than this, the second embodiment is the same as the fifth embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
　このように過流防止装置２８を、タンク１９の開口部２０の先端縁部２０ｂよりもタンク１９の内部空間１９ａ側（インタンク）であって、バルブブロック２２の小径部２２ａ内に設けたことによって奏する作用及び効果は、図４に示す第２実施形態で説明したことと同様であるので、それらの説明を省略する。 In this way, the overflow prevention device 28 is provided on the inner space 19a side (in-tank) of the tank 19 with respect to the front end edge 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and in the small diameter portion 22a of the valve block 22. Since the operations and effects produced by are the same as those described in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, their descriptions are omitted.
　次に、本発明に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路及びそれを備えるタンク装置の第７実施形態を、図９を参照して説明する。この図９に示す第７実施形態のタンク装置６２と、図１に示す第１実施形態のタンク装置１８とが相違するところは、図１に示す第１実施形態では、出力ライン２５と圧力検出ライン２３とが、互いに結合することなくそれぞれ別々に形成されているのに対して、図９に示す第７実施形態では、圧力検出ライン２３が、出力ライン２５の開閉弁３７と減圧弁３８との間の分岐部６３から分岐するように設けられ、この圧力検出ライン２３の上流側（タンクの内部空間１９ａ側）から順に、過流防止装置２８及び圧力センサ２７が設けられているところである。 Next, a seventh embodiment of the tank pressure measuring circuit and the tank apparatus including the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The tank device 62 of the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 9 is different from the tank device 18 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in the first embodiment shown in FIG. The line 23 is formed separately from each other without being coupled to each other, whereas in the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the pressure detection line 23 includes the on-off valve 37 and the pressure reducing valve 38 of the output line 25. The overflow prevention device 28 and the pressure sensor 27 are provided in this order from the upstream side (the tank internal space 19a side) of the pressure detection line 23.
　これ以外は、第１実施形態と同等であり、同等部分を同一の図面符号で示し、それらの詳細な説明を省略する。 Other than this, the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
　このように、出力ライン２５及び圧力検出ライン２３がラインの一部を共用することによって、図５に示す第３実施形態と同様に、このタンク内圧力計測用回路６４（バルブユニット６５）及びタンク装置６２の構造を簡単でコンパクトにすることができ、加工費の低減を図ることができる等の作用及び効果を奏するので、それら説明を省略する。 In this way, the output line 25 and the pressure detection line 23 share a part of the line, so that the tank internal pressure measurement circuit 64 (valve unit 65) and the tank are similar to the third embodiment shown in FIG. Since the structure of the device 62 can be made simple and compact, and there are operations and effects such as reduction in processing costs, the description thereof will be omitted.
　ただし、出力ライン２５において、圧力検出ライン２３が分岐する分岐部６３から上流側のラインには、開閉弁３７が設けられているので、開閉弁３７が開状態のときに、タンク１９内の圧力を圧力センサ２７によって検出することができる。 However, in the output line 25, an on-off valve 37 is provided on the upstream line from the branching portion 63 where the pressure detection line 23 branches, so that when the on-off valve 37 is open, the pressure in the tank 19 is increased. Can be detected by the pressure sensor 27.
　次に、本発明に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路及びそれを備えるタンク装置の第８実施形態を、図１０を参照して説明する。この図１０に示す第８実施形態のタンク装置６７と、図９に示す第７実施形態のタンク装置６２とが相違するところは、図９に示す第７実施形態では、過流防止装置２８を、タンク１９の開口部２０の先端縁部２０ｂよりもタンク１９の外側（オンタンク）であって、バルブブロック２２の大径部２２ｂ内に設けたのに対して、図１０に示す第８実施形態では、過流防止装置２８を、タンク１９の開口部２０の先端縁部２０ｂよりもタンク１９の内部空間１９ａ側（インタンク）であって、バルブブロック２２の小径部２２ａ内に設けたところである。 Next, an eighth embodiment of a tank pressure measuring circuit and a tank apparatus including the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The tank device 67 of the eighth embodiment shown in FIG. 10 and the tank device 62 of the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 9 are different from each other in the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. The eighth embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is provided on the outside of the tank 19 (on-tank) rather than the front edge 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and in the large-diameter portion 22b of the valve block 22. Then, the overflow prevention device 28 is provided in the small-diameter portion 22a of the valve block 22 on the inner space 19a side (in-tank) of the tank 19 with respect to the front edge 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19. .
　これ以外は、第７実施形態と同等であり、同等部分を同一の図面符号で示し、それらの詳細な説明を省略する。 Other than this, the second embodiment is the same as the seventh embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
　このように過流防止装置２８を、タンク１９の開口部２０の先端縁部２０ｂよりもタンク１９の内部空間１９ａ側（インタンク）であって、バルブブロック２２の小径部２２ａ内に設けたことによって奏する作用及び効果は、図４に示す第２実施形態で説明したことと同様であるので、それらの説明を省略する。 In this way, the overflow prevention device 28 is provided on the inner space 19a side (in-tank) of the tank 19 with respect to the front end edge 20b of the opening 20 of the tank 19 and in the small diameter portion 22a of the valve block 22. Since the operations and effects produced by are the same as those described in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, their descriptions are omitted.
　ただし、上記各実施形態では、タンク１９内に水素ガスが充填される例を挙げて説明したが、これ以外に、圧力センサ２７のダイアフラム２９を脆化させたり、腐食させることがある流体（気体又は液体）をタンク１９に充填することができる。そして、この場合にも、上記各実施形態と同様の作用及び効果を奏することができる。 However, in each of the above embodiments, the example in which the tank 19 is filled with hydrogen gas has been described. However, in addition to this, a fluid (gas) that may cause the diaphragm 29 of the pressure sensor 27 to become brittle or corroded. (Or liquid) can be filled into the tank 19. In this case as well, the same operations and effects as the above embodiments can be achieved.
　そして、上記各実施形態では、例えば図１に示すように、過流防止装置２８がバルブブロック２２に内蔵されている構成としたが、これに代えて、過流防止装置２８をバルブブロック２２の外表面から露出するように配置して、この過流防止装置２８を、配管を介してバルブブロック２２の外表面に設けた構成としてもよい。そして、この過流防止装置２８の流体出口に圧力センサ２７を接続するようにする。 In each of the above embodiments, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the overflow prevention device 28 is built in the valve block 22, but instead, the overflow prevention device 28 is replaced with the valve block 22. It is good also as a structure which arrange | positions so that it may expose from an outer surface, and was provided in the outer surface of the valve block 22 through this piping. The pressure sensor 27 is connected to the fluid outlet of the overflow prevention device 28.
　また、上記と同様に、図１等に示す逆止弁４１、安全弁４０、フィルタ３９、開閉弁３７、及び減圧弁３８を、配管を介してバルブブロック２２の外表面に設けた構成としてもよい。 Similarly to the above, the check valve 41, the safety valve 40, the filter 39, the on-off valve 37, and the pressure reducing valve 38 shown in FIG. 1 and the like may be provided on the outer surface of the valve block 22 through a pipe. .
　そして、図１等に示すバルブブロック２２に形成された出力ライン２５、充填ライン２４、放出ライン２６、及び圧力検出ライン２３は、孔で形成された通路としたが、これに代えて、バルブブロック２２の内部に流路を形成することによって各ラインを形成してもよい。 The output line 25, the filling line 24, the discharge line 26, and the pressure detection line 23 formed in the valve block 22 shown in FIG. 1 and the like are passages formed by holes. Instead, the valve block Each line may be formed by forming a flow path in the interior of 22.
　また、上記各実施形態のタンク装置は、例えば燃料電池車、水素エンジン車や圧縮天然ガス車に搭載されて、燃料タンク装置として使用するものを例に挙げたが、これ以外にも、酸素ボンベやアセチレンガスが充填されるボンベ等にも適用することができ、更に、液体を所望の圧力で充填されるタンク装置にも適用することができる。 In addition, the tank apparatus of each of the above embodiments has been described as an example that is mounted on a fuel cell vehicle, a hydrogen engine vehicle, or a compressed natural gas vehicle and used as a fuel tank device. It can also be applied to a cylinder filled with acetylene gas or the like, and further to a tank apparatus filled with a liquid at a desired pressure.
　更に、上記各実施形態では、圧力センサ２７として金属製ダイアフラム式のものを例に挙げて説明したが、金属以外の材質のダイアフラムを使用してもよいし、ダイアフラム式以外の方式の圧力センサとしてもよい。また、電気式の圧力センサ２７を例に挙げたが、測定圧力に応じてこれ以外の例えばブルドン管式の圧力計を採用してもよい。 Further, in each of the above embodiments, the pressure sensor 27 has been described by taking a metal diaphragm type as an example. However, a diaphragm made of a material other than metal may be used, or a pressure sensor of a type other than the diaphragm type may be used. Also good. In addition, although the electric pressure sensor 27 has been described as an example, a Bourdon tube type pressure gauge other than this may be employed according to the measurement pressure.
　そして、上記各実施形態では、図３に示す過流防止装置２８を例に挙げて説明したが、これ以外の構成の過流防止装置を使用してもよい。 In each of the above embodiments, the overflow prevention device 28 shown in FIG. 3 has been described as an example, but an overflow prevention device having a configuration other than this may be used.
　以上のように、本発明に係るタンク内圧力計測用回路及びそれを備えるタンク装置は、圧力センサが機械的に破損して、この圧力センサからタンク内の流体が外部に流出する状態となったときに、タンク内の流体の流出を短時間で確実に止めることができ、少ない流出量となるようにすることができる優れた効果を有し、このようなタンク内圧力計測用回路及びそれを備えるタンク装置に適用するのに適している。 As described above, in the tank pressure measurement circuit and the tank apparatus including the same according to the present invention, the pressure sensor is mechanically damaged, and the fluid in the tank flows out of the pressure sensor to the outside. Sometimes, it is possible to reliably stop the outflow of fluid in the tank in a short time, and to have an excellent effect of reducing the outflow amount. It is suitable to be applied to the tank equipment provided.
　１７、４４、４９、５６、６４　タンク内圧力計測用回路
　１８、４３、４７、５２、５４、５９、６２、６７　タンク装置
　１９　タンク
　１９ａ　内部空間
　２０　開口部
　２０ａ　開口
　２０ｂ　先端縁部
　２１、４５、５０、５７、６５　バルブユニット
　２２　バルブブロック
　２２ａ　小径部
　２２ｂ　大径部
　２３　圧力検出ライン
　２３ａ、２４ａ、２５ａ、２６ａ、２８ａ　入口
　２３ｂ、２４ｂ、２５ｂ、２６ｂ、２８ｂ　出口
　２４　充填ライン
　２５　出力ライン
　２６　放出ライン
　２７　圧力センサ
　２８　過流防止装置
　２９　ダイアフラム
　３０　センサケース
　３１　歪みゲージ
　３２　リード線
　３３　弁体
　３３ａ　孔
　３４　矢印
　３５　ばね部材
　３６　弁座
　３７　開閉弁
　３８　減圧弁
　３９　フィルタ
　４０　安全弁
　４１　逆止弁
　４８、５５、６３　分岐部 17, 44, 49, 56, 64 In-tank pressure measurement circuit 18, 43, 47, 52, 54, 59, 62, 67 Tank device 19 Tank 19a Internal space 20 Opening 20a Opening 20b Tip edge 21, 45, 50, 57, 65 Valve unit 22 Valve block 22a Small diameter portion 22b Large diameter portion 23 Pressure detection line 23a, 24a, 25a, 26a, 28a Inlet 23b, 24b, 25b, 26b, 28b Outlet 24 Filling line 25 Output line 26 Release line 27 Pressure sensor 28 Overflow prevention device 29 Diaphragm 30 Sensor case 31 Strain gauge 32 Lead wire 33 Valve body 33a Hole 34 Arrow 35 Spring member 36 Valve seat 37 Open / close valve 38 Pressure reducing valve 39 Filter 40 Safety valve 41 Check valves 48, 55, 63 Branch

Claims (6)

  1. 　タンクの開口部に形成されている開口が密封されるバルブブロックと、
    　タンク内の圧力を検出するための圧力センサと、
    　前記バルブブロックに設けられ、前記圧力センサにタンク内の圧力を導くための圧力検出ラインと、
    　前記圧力検出ラインの前記圧力センサの上流側に設けられる過流防止装置とを備え、
    　前記過流防止装置は、当該過流防止装置における前記タンク側の入口圧力と前記圧力センサ側の圧力との差圧が、予め定める設定差圧以上になったときに、前記圧力検出ラインを開放する開状態から前記圧力検出ラインを閉塞する閉状態に切換わるように作動するタンク内圧力計測用回路。     A valve block in which the opening formed in the opening of the tank is sealed;
    A pressure sensor for detecting the pressure in the tank;
    A pressure detection line provided in the valve block for guiding the pressure in the tank to the pressure sensor;
    An overflow prevention device provided on the upstream side of the pressure sensor of the pressure detection line,
    The overflow prevention device opens the pressure detection line when a differential pressure between the tank side inlet pressure and the pressure sensor side pressure in the overflow prevention device is equal to or higher than a preset differential pressure. A tank internal pressure measuring circuit that operates to switch from an open state to a closed state that closes the pressure detection line.
  2. 　前記バルブブロックに設けられ、前記タンクの内部空間に流体を充填するための充填ラインを備え、
    　前記充填ラインから分岐する前記圧力検出ラインが設けられ、
    　前記圧力検出ラインの上流側から順に、前記過流防止装置及び前記圧力センサが設けられている請求項１記載のタンク内圧力計測用回路。     Provided in the valve block, comprising a filling line for filling a fluid in the internal space of the tank;
    The pressure detection line branched from the filling line is provided;
    The in-tank pressure measurement circuit according to claim 1, wherein the overflow prevention device and the pressure sensor are provided in order from the upstream side of the pressure detection line.
  3. 　前記バルブブロックに設けられ、前記タンクの内部空間に充填されている流体を放出するための放出ラインと、
    　この放出ラインに設けられ、タンク内の圧力が規定圧力以上になったときに、又はタンク温度が規定温度以上になったときに、前記放出ラインを閉塞する閉状態から前記放出ラインを開放する開状態に切換わるように作動する安全弁とを備え、
    　前記放出ラインの前記安全弁よりも上流側から分岐する前記圧力検出ラインが設けられ、
    　前記圧力検出ラインの上流側から順に、前記過流防止装置及び前記圧力センサが設けられている請求項１記載のタンク内圧力計測用回路。     A discharge line provided in the valve block for discharging a fluid filled in the internal space of the tank;
    An opening provided in the discharge line to open the discharge line from a closed state that closes the discharge line when the pressure in the tank exceeds a specified pressure or when the tank temperature exceeds a specified temperature. A safety valve that operates to switch to a state,
    The pressure detection line branching from the upstream side of the safety valve of the discharge line is provided,
    The in-tank pressure measurement circuit according to claim 1, wherein the overflow prevention device and the pressure sensor are provided in order from the upstream side of the pressure detection line.
  4. 　前記バルブブロックに設けられ、前記タンクの内部空間に充填されている流体を流出させるための出力ラインと、
    　この出力ラインの上流側から順に設けられた開閉弁及び減圧弁とを備え、
    　前記出力ラインの前記開閉弁と前記減圧弁との間から分岐する前記圧力検出ラインが設けられ、
    　前記圧力検出ラインの上流側から順に、前記過流防止装置及び前記圧力センサが設けられている請求項１記載のタンク内圧力計測用回路。     An output line provided in the valve block for allowing the fluid filled in the internal space of the tank to flow out;
    An on-off valve and a pressure reducing valve provided in order from the upstream side of the output line,
    The pressure detection line branched from between the on-off valve and the pressure reducing valve of the output line is provided;
    The in-tank pressure measurement circuit according to claim 1, wherein the overflow prevention device and the pressure sensor are provided in order from the upstream side of the pressure detection line.
  5. 　前記圧力センサが、金属製ダイアフラム式である請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載のタンク内圧力計測用回路。 The tank pressure measuring circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pressure sensor is a metal diaphragm type.
  6. 　請求項１記載のタンク内圧力計測用回路が、燃料電池車、水素エンジン車又は圧縮天然ガス車用の前記タンクの開口部に取り付けられ、前記タンク内に水素ガス又は天然ガスの流体が充填されるタンク装置。 The tank internal pressure measurement circuit according to claim 1 is attached to an opening of the tank for a fuel cell vehicle, a hydrogen engine vehicle, or a compressed natural gas vehicle, and the tank is filled with hydrogen gas or a natural gas fluid. Tank equipment.
PCT/JP2011/000944 2010-02-26 2011-02-21 Tank internal pressure measurement circuit and tank device provided therewith WO2011105038A1 (en)

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