WO2011078266A1 - 生体内観察装置 - Google Patents
生体内観察装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011078266A1 WO2011078266A1 PCT/JP2010/073219 JP2010073219W WO2011078266A1 WO 2011078266 A1 WO2011078266 A1 WO 2011078266A1 JP 2010073219 W JP2010073219 W JP 2010073219W WO 2011078266 A1 WO2011078266 A1 WO 2011078266A1
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- Prior art keywords
- light
- living body
- vivo observation
- light emitting
- shielding member
- Prior art date
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- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 claims description 72
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- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 28
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0077—Devices for viewing the surface of the body, e.g. camera, magnifying lens
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/48—Other medical applications
- A61B5/4887—Locating particular structures in or on the body
- A61B5/489—Blood vessels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/18—Shielding or protection of sensors from environmental influences, e.g. protection from mechanical damage
- A61B2562/185—Optical shielding, e.g. baffles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/026—Measuring blood flow
- A61B5/0261—Measuring blood flow using optical means, e.g. infrared light
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
- A61B5/6825—Hand
- A61B5/6826—Finger
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an in-vivo observation apparatus that can easily obtain a real-time biopsy image at an arbitrary place.
- an apparatus for assisting intravenous injection by performing image processing on reflected light from a living body to confirm the position of a vein is known.
- this apparatus cannot project an artery on an image, and therefore cannot be fully utilized when suturing a cut finger.
- image processing for eliminating the influence of disturbance light is essential.
- a doctor inserts the catheter into the blood vessel by injecting a contrast medium into the blood vessel and confirming the position of the blood vessel. Skills and experience are also required for the procedure.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a subject to which an angiographic contrast agent is administered is alternately irradiated with excitation light and visible light in a specific wavelength range, and the excitation light is emitted by an imaging unit.
- the acquired fluorescence image and the normal image are alternately acquired, the acquired fluorescence image is subjected to threshold processing with a predetermined threshold value to extract a blood vessel image, and the extracted blood vessel image is superimposed on the acquired normal image
- a technique for creating an image is disclosed.
- the present invention does not require an angiographic agent, does not use X-rays, is harmless to the human body, and can confirm foreign bodies in the body and blood vessels of both arteries and veins.
- the present invention is intended to provide an in-vivo observation device having a simple configuration that is possible.
- near-infrared light is known to have high permeability to the living body.
- Light in this wavelength region is characterized by being transmitted through biological tissues such as muscles, fats, and bones of the human body and absorbed by pigments such as hemoglobin and melanin.
- the present invention has been completed by utilizing such properties of near infrared light.
- the in-vivo observation device outputs a light source that irradiates a living body with light having a wavelength peak in the wavelength region of 800 to 1000 nm, and image data obtained by receiving the light transmitted through the living body.
- the imaging device is a digital camera having a minimum detected light amount per output of 0.055 ⁇ W / bit or less when light of 0.4 to 10 ⁇ W is received. .
- Near-infrared light of 800 to 1000 nm is transmitted through living tissue, so an image captured by an imaging device such as a CCD camera is white when it receives the transmitted light, but the blood vessel portion is exposed to hemoglobin in blood by near-infrared light. Is absorbed, so it appears black.
- a technique for imaging a vein using such characteristics of near-infrared light is conventionally known, but a technique for imaging an artery using near-infrared light is not known.
- the present inventor completely uses an imaging device having a specific sensitivity whose minimum detected light amount per output when receiving 0.4 to 10 ⁇ W of light is 0.055 ⁇ W / bit or less. Unexpectedly, the inventors have found that not only veins but also arteries can be imaged, and the present invention has been completed.
- any person can easily observe in-vivo foreign bodies and blood vessels without requiring special techniques or experience.
- the present invention not only veins but also arteries can be imaged.
- the inside of the living body can be observed without using X-rays, it is harmless to the human body even when irradiated with light for a long time, and it simply irradiates light. There is no pain to the subject in confirming blood circulation.
- Such an in-vivo observation device has a simple configuration, and thus can be easily downsized, while the in-vivo observation device is brought into an operating room and observed in vivo in real time. Further, it is possible to perform limb joint surgery, foreign body extraction surgery, catheter insertion, and the like.
- the light source is not particularly limited as long as it emits light having a wavelength peak in a wavelength region of 800 to 1000 nm, and for example, an LED or a laser is preferably used. In such a case, light in a narrow wavelength region can be obtained, so that a clear image with little noise can be obtained.
- a cut filter for removing light in a wavelength region of at least less than 800 nm is provided between the living body and the imaging device.
- disturbance light visible light
- a clear image with reduced noise can be obtained.
- the in-vivo observation device preferably includes a diffusing plate that is provided between the light source and the living body and can diverge incident light at an angle of 55 ° or more. If this is the case, for example, when a plurality of LEDs are used as the light source, the light emitted from the plurality of LEDs is diffused by the diffusion plate, so that the brightness is uniformed and uneven irradiation is eliminated. It is possible to irradiate a living body as an observation target with the emitted light.
- the in-vivo observation device preferably includes a polarizing plate provided between the diffusion plate and the living body. Since the polarizing plate is provided on the diffusion plate, it is possible to irradiate the living body with polarized light in the optimal vibration direction (transmission axis), and thus it is possible to reduce the reflection of light on the surface of the living body.
- an in-vivo observation apparatus when used to observe the inside of a living body, there may be applications in which, for example, an entire inspection for inspecting the entire living body and a local inspection for inspecting a local area of the living body are considered.
- an in-vivo observation device has a light emitting surface facing a living body arrangement region, a surface light emitting unit that irradiates light to a living body in the living body arrangement region, and a detachable attachment to the surface light emitting unit.
- a light shielding member that blocks a part of the light emitted from the light emitting surface, and the imaging device is provided on the opposite side to the surface light emitting unit with respect to the living body placement region. preferable.
- the light shielding member which shields a part of light emitted from the light emitting surface since the light shielding member which shields a part of light emitted from the light emitting surface is provided, the light irradiation range in the living body arrangement region can be narrowed, and light can be irradiated to the local region of the living body. Moreover, since light can be irradiated to the local area
- the light blocking member transmits the light from the light emitting surface to the living body placement region side, and a light blocking unit that blocks light from the light emitting surface.
- the light-shielding member is detachably attached to the surface light source so that the opening center of the opening is on or near the optical axis of the imaging unit. It is desirable.
- the light shielding member When the light shielding member is configured to be detachable from the surface light source, it is desirable to have a fixing mechanism that positions and fixes the light shielding member with respect to the surface light source. In this case, since the light shielding member is positioned when it is fixed to the surface light source, the light shielding member is positioned with respect to the imaging unit, and it is necessary to position the imaging unit and the light shielding member one by one in each inspection. Disappears.
- the light shielding member is provided, and the living body is positioned with respect to the light shielding member. It is desirable to have a positioning member that irradiates a predetermined part of the living body with light that is not blocked by the light blocking member.
- the surface light emitting unit includes a plurality of LEDs, a housing for housing the LEDs, and a light emitting surface provided on the light emission side of the LEDs in the housing. It is desirable to have a translucent member.
- the living body is periodically imaged and inspected.
- an in-vivo observation device has a light emitting surface facing a living body arrangement region, a surface light emitting unit that irradiates light to a living body in the living body arrangement region, and a light emitting surface of the surface light emitting unit.
- a positioning member for positioning the living body, and the imaging device is preferably positioned with respect to the light emitting surface of the surface light emitting unit.
- the living body since the living body is positioned with respect to the light emitting surface by the positioning member, it is possible to irradiate a predetermined region of the living body with light.
- the living body since the living body is imaged by the imaging unit positioned with respect to the surface light emitting unit, it is possible to facilitate processing after imaging such as comparing images obtained by the imaging unit.
- anybody can easily observe foreign bodies and blood vessels in the living body without requiring special techniques and experience.
- the inside of the living body can be observed without using X-rays, it is harmless to the human body even if light irradiation is performed for a long time, and only light is irradiated. There is no pain to the subject.
- the present invention can be easily miniaturized, it is possible to carry out various operations while bringing the in-vivo observation apparatus into the operating room and performing in-vivo observation in real time.
- the in-vivo observation device observes a living body such as a hand or a foot, and the positioning member contacts a predetermined finger or the like of the hand or foot. It is desirable to position the hand, foot, etc.
- the positioning member In order to determine the position of the predetermined region of the living body in the image obtained by the imaging unit, the positioning member desirably positions the living body with respect to the plane direction of the light emitting surface.
- the living body may be positioned in a direction perpendicular to the planar direction with respect to the surface light emitting unit.
- the living body arrangement region and the light emitting surface of the surface light emitting unit It is desirable to further include a light shielding member that is provided between the light emitting surfaces and blocks part of the light emitted from the light emitting surface.
- the positioning member is provided on the light blocking member, and the living body is positioned with respect to the light blocking member. Then, it is desirable to irradiate a predetermined part of the living body with light that is not blocked by the light blocking member.
- the surface light emitting unit includes a plurality of LEDs, a housing for housing the LEDs, and a light emitting surface provided on the light emission side of the LEDs in the housing. It is desirable to have a translucent member.
- the in-vivo observation apparatus can be easily miniaturized, various operations can be performed while bringing the in-vivo observation apparatus into the operating room and performing in-vivo observation in real time.
- the top view which mainly shows the surface light emission part of the in-vivo observation apparatus of the embodiment.
- Sectional drawing which mainly shows the surface light emission part of the in-vivo observation apparatus of the embodiment.
- the perspective view which shows the structure of the in-vivo observation apparatus of the embodiment (shading member mounting
- the side view which shows the structure of the in-vivo observation apparatus of the embodiment (shading member mounting
- the top view which mainly shows the light-shielding member of the in-vivo observation apparatus of the embodiment.
- Sectional drawing which mainly shows the light-shielding member and surface emitting part of the in-vivo observation apparatus of the embodiment.
- Sectional drawing which shows the fixing mechanism of deformation
- the perspective view which shows the positioning member which concerns on deformation
- the in-vivo observation device 1 includes a light source 2, a condensing lens 3, a cut filter 4, and an imaging device 5, as shown in FIG.
- the light source 2 irradiates the living body B with near infrared light having a wavelength peak in the wavelength region of 800 to 1000 nm.
- the light source 2 for example, an LED or a laser can be used.
- a 170 mW LED having a wavelength peak at 810 nm is used as the light source 2 and an adult hand is to be observed, about 28 LEDs may be laid on one surface of a flat substrate.
- a laser for example, an Nd: YAG laser or a semiconductor laser can be used.
- the condenser lens 3 collects light transmitted through the living body B.
- a plano-convex lens can be used as the condenser lens 3.
- an observation table (not shown) having a translucent surface.
- an observation table for example, when a finger is cut, a hand can be placed on the observation table, and a finger joining operation can be performed while observing a blood vessel at the cut portion.
- the light source 2 and the observation table may be separate or integrated.
- the cut filter 4 cuts light in a wavelength region of at least less than 800 nm, and the cut filter 4 can be appropriately selected from commercially available ones having desired properties. By arranging the cut filter 4, disturbance light (visible light) can be blocked, so that noise is reduced and a clearer image can be obtained.
- the imaging device 5 is a digital camera that outputs image data obtained by receiving light that has passed through the cut filter 4, and the minimum detected light amount per output when receiving light of 0.4 to 10 ⁇ W is 0. It has a specific sensitivity of 055 ⁇ W / bit or less.
- a CCD camera or a CMOS camera can be used as the imaging device 5.
- the display device M may be provided in the in-vivo observation device 1 in advance, The display device M may be used.
- the imaging apparatus 5 is mounted using the in-vivo observation apparatus 1 provided with a CCD camera having a minimum detected light amount per output of 0.055 ⁇ W / bit or less when light of 0.4 to 10 ⁇ W is received.
- FIG. 2A shows an image in which a finger is placed on an observation table having a translucent surface and near-infrared light is irradiated from the back of the finger to observe a blood vessel of the finger. As shown in FIG. 2, it was confirmed that the blood vessels represented in black were clearly observed.
- the CCD camera has a detected light amount of 0.33 ⁇ W when the digital output corresponding to the luminance (hereinafter simply referred to as luminance output) is 11 bits, and the detected light amount when the luminance output is 197 bits.
- the sensitivity was 10.21 ⁇ W, and a linear relationship was recognized between the luminance output and the detected light amount in this range.
- a CCD camera with lower sensitivity minimum detected light intensity exceeds 0.055 ⁇ W / bit
- FIG. 2C is an image obtained by observing a blood vessel of a finger in a state where a light shielding member 8 described later is mounted.
- the in-vivo observation device 1 includes the imaging device 5 having a specific sensitivity with a minimum detected light amount per output when receiving light of 0.4 to 10 ⁇ W is 0.055 ⁇ W / bit or less. It is possible to image not only veins but also arteries.
- the inside of the living body can be observed without using X-rays, it is harmless to the human body even if light irradiation is performed for a long time, and only light is simply irradiated. It does not cause pain to the subject when confirming blood circulation.
- the in-vivo observation device 1 since the in-vivo observation device 1 has a simple configuration, the in-vivo observation device 1 can be easily reduced in size, and the in-vivo observation device 1 can be brought into the operating room to observe the in-vivo in real time. Limb joint surgery, foreign body extraction surgery, catheter insertion, and the like can be performed.
- the in-vivo observation device 1 includes a light source 2, a diffusion plate 6, a polarizing plate 7, a cut filter 4, and an imaging device 5. .
- a plurality of LEDs laid on one surface of a planar substrate is used as the light source 2, and these are accommodated in a casing 21 in which an irradiation port 211 is formed.
- the diffusing plate 6 diffuses light emitted from a plurality of LEDs, uniformizes the brightness of light emitted from the irradiation port 211 of the housing 21, and irradiates the living body B with light without unevenness in irradiation. It is provided so as to cover the irradiation port 211.
- the diffusion plate 6 for example, the surface of the light-transmitting substrate is provided with unevenness by embossing or embossing or the like, and the surface is configured as a ground glass surface, or white paint is provided on the surface of the light-transmitting substrate with a gap.
- Various materials that have been imparted with light diffusibility using light scattering such as those coated and coated with light-transmitting substrates and particles that cause light scattering, can be used.
- diffusing plates 6 for example, those made of acetal resin and capable of diverging incident light at an angle of 55 ° or more are preferably used.
- a diffusion plate having such a divergence angle it is possible to eliminate irradiation unevenness and irradiate the inspection object uniformly.
- the LED is fitted into a light shielding plate with a hole of ⁇ 5 mm, the thickness of the diffusion plate placed on the light shielding plate is changed, and the light intensity (I) directly above the LED is The ratio (Im / I) to the light intensity (Im) immediately above the midpoint of the two LEDs when the LEDs were arranged at an interval of 10 mm was determined. The closer the Im / I value is to 1, the more the illuminance unevenness is eliminated. The results obtained are shown in Table 1.
- the polarizing plate 7 is provided so as to overlap the surface of the diffusion plate 6 on the side opposite to the light source 2 and produces linearly polarized light from the light diffused and uniformed by the diffusion plate 6.
- the polarizing plate 7 for example, a film-like one made of resin is used. Since the polarizing plate 7 is provided over the diffusion plate 6, the living body B can be irradiated with polarized light in the optimal vibration direction (transmission axis), so that reflection of light on the surface of the living body B can be reduced. it can. In the present embodiment, the living body B can be placed on the polarizing plate 7 and observed.
- an image with clear contrast can be obtained by adjusting the light quality and the amount of light applied to the living body B to be observed using such a diffusion plate 6 and the polarizing plate 7. it can.
- the cut filter 4 is provided at the light entrance 52 of the imaging device 5 to prevent disturbance light such as sunlight from entering the imaging device 5.
- the in-vivo observation device 1 is not provided with the condensing lens 3, but the condensing lens 51 is built in the imaging device 5.
- the light transmitted through the living body B is collected by the condensing lens 51 and forms an image on a light receiving plane of an image pickup device 53 such as a CCD image sensor.
- an image pickup device 53 such as a CCD image sensor.
- the entire irradiation port 221 of the casing 21 of the light source 2 can be set as the imaging range.
- the condenser lens 51 having a focal length of 6 to 10 mm is preferably used.
- FIG. 4 and subsequent drawings relating to the third embodiment are not necessarily the same as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 relating to the first and second embodiments, and are uniquely added.
- the in-vivo observation device 100 irradiates a living body such as a hand or a leg with light, images transmitted light transmitted from the living body, and displays a biological fluoroscopic image showing blood vessels, foreign substances, and the like in the living body. To get.
- this has a light emitting surface 201 facing the living body arrangement region X, and a surface light emitting unit 2 that irradiates light to the living body in the living body arrangement region X.
- the imaging unit 3 is provided on the opposite side of the living body placement region X from the surface light emitting unit 2 and receives light transmitted through the living body in the living body placement region X and outputs image data.
- a configuration in which the surface light emitting unit 2 is provided on the lower side and the imaging unit 3 is provided on the upper side across the living body arrangement region X is shown.
- the surface light emitting unit 2 is provided on the device base 100A and irradiates near-infrared light having a wavelength peak in the wavelength region of 800 to 1000 nm to the living body arrangement region X positioned above.
- the surface light emitting unit 2 includes an LED mounting board 22 having a substantially rectangular plate shape on which a plurality of LEDs 21 are mounted, and a rectangular shape in plan view that accommodates the LED mounting board 22.
- the housing 23 has a shape, and a light-transmitting member 24 that is provided on the light emission side of the LED 21 in the housing 23 and forms the light emitting surface 201.
- the LED mounting substrate 22 is fixed to the upper surface of the apparatus base 100A as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, and power is supplied from the power supply unit 4 (not shown).
- a plurality of LEDs 21 are mounted on the upper surface of the LED mounting substrate 22 in, for example, a vertical and horizontal matrix.
- the LED 21 for example, it is conceivable to use a 170 mW LED having a wavelength peak at 810 nm.
- the housing 23 is fixed to the upper surface of the apparatus base 100A so as to surround the periphery of the LED mounting substrate 22, and on one side surface (in the present embodiment, the rear surface located on the back side).
- a plurality of through-holes 23h for LED heat dissipation are formed.
- a heat dissipation fan for heat dissipation of LEDs is provided in the vicinity of the plurality of through holes 23h. Power is also supplied from the power supply unit 4 to the heat radiating fan.
- the translucent member 24 is attached to the upper opening of the housing 23 and has a substantially rectangular plate shape that is substantially the same shape as the upper opening of the housing 23 in plan view.
- the translucent member 24 diffuses the light emitted from the plurality of LEDs 21 to equalize the luminance of the light emitted from the upper opening of the housing 23, and irradiates the living body with light without uneven irradiation.
- it is formed from an acetal resin.
- the upper surface of the translucent member 24 becomes the light emitting surface 201.
- a partition plate 25 for defining light emitted from the plurality of LEDs 21 within a predetermined range is provided on the back surface of the translucent member 24, a partition plate 25 for defining light emitted from the plurality of LEDs 21 within a predetermined range is provided.
- the partition plate 25 has the same shape as the translucent member 24 in plan view, and an opening 251 for emitting light from the LED 21 to the outside (upper part) is formed at the center. With such a configuration, a portion corresponding to the opening 251 of the partition plate 25 on the upper surface of the translucent member 24 becomes the light emitting surface 201. That is, the light emitting surface 201 of the surface light emitting unit 2 has the same shape as the planar view shape of the opening 251 of the partition plate 25.
- the imaging unit 3 is provided in the upper part of the living body placement region X, and receives light transmitted through the living body in the living body placement region X and outputs image data indicating a living body fluoroscopic image.
- a CCD camera or a COMS camera can be used as the imaging unit 3.
- the imaging unit 3 is fixed to a stand member 5 erected in the vertical direction with respect to the apparatus base 100A so as to be movable back and forth with respect to the surface light emitting unit 2.
- a slide mechanism 6 is provided between the imaging unit 3 and the stand member 5. The slide mechanism 6 slides the imaging unit 3 in a vertical direction with respect to the light emitting surface 201 within a predetermined range.
- the biological fluoroscopic image obtained by the imaging unit 3 is output to the information processing apparatus 7 such as a computer via the power supply unit 4 (see FIG. 4).
- the biological fluoroscopic image is displayed on the display unit screen of the information processing apparatus 7 and is subjected to image processing by the image processing function of the information processing apparatus 7.
- the display unit that displays a biological fluoroscopic image may be provided in the in-vivo observation device 100 in advance.
- the in-vivo observation device 100 of the present embodiment is provided so as to be detachable from the surface light emitting unit 2 as shown in FIGS. 9 to 12, and the light shielding member 8 that blocks a part of the light emitted from the light emitting surface 201. It has.
- FIG. 9 shows a state where the light shielding member 8 is attached to the in-vivo observation device 100 of FIG.
- the light shielding member 8 has a rectangular plate shape in plan view that is substantially the same shape as the light transmissive member 24 of the surface light emitting unit 2 in plan view, and transmits light from the light emitting surface 201.
- region X side are provided.
- the opening 82 provided in the light shielding member 8 has a smaller opening size than the opening 251 provided in the partition plate 25.
- a specific shape of the opening 82 is a substantially circular shape in plan view.
- the light shielding member 8 is detachably attached to the surface light emitting unit 2 by the fixing mechanism 9 described later so that the opening center of the opening 82 is on or near the optical axis 3C of the imaging unit 3 ( (See FIG. 10).
- the opening center of the opening 82 and the opening center of the opening 251 of the partition plate 25 substantially coincide with each other in plan view, and the opening of the opening 251 of the partition plate 25 on the optical axis 3C of the imaging unit 3. There is a center.
- the fixing mechanism 9 positions and fixes the light shielding member 8 with respect to the light emitting surface 201 of the surface light emitting unit 2, and specifically positions the light shielding member 8 in the plane direction of the light emitting surface 201. is there.
- the fixing mechanism 9 of the present embodiment is provided on the four side portions of the light shielding member 8, and from the locking pieces 9 a to 9 d that are in contact with the four side surfaces 2 a to 2 d of the surface light emitting unit 2. Is formed.
- the locking pieces 9 a to 9 d are provided at the four corners of the light shielding member 8.
- the center of the opening 82 of the light shielding member 8 and the center of the light emitting surface 201 of the surface light emitting unit 2 coincide with each other, and the center of the opening 82 of the light shielding member 8 is the optical axis of the imaging unit 3. Located on 3C.
- the light shielding member 8 is provided with a positioning member 10 for positioning a living body to be inspected in a horizontal direction with respect to the light shielding member 8 and the light emitting surface 201 and irradiating a predetermined part of the living body with light not blocked by the light shielding member 8. It has been.
- the positioning member 10 of the present embodiment contacts a predetermined finger and positions the predetermined finger in the opening 82 of the light shielding member 8. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 12, the opening of the light shielding member 8 is arranged. A through hole 10 h communicating with the portion 82 is provided. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 11, the positioning member 10 includes a first contact surface 10a having a substantially planar shape that is located on the back side (stand member side) of the opening 82 and contacts the tip of the finger, and an opening. And a second contact surface 10b having a substantially V-shape that is located on the left and right of the part 82 and contacts an arbitrary surface of the finger (for example, the upper surface of the finger (back of the finger)).
- the valley line 10 b 1 of the second contact surface 10 b is configured to pass through the center of the opening 82 of the light shielding member 8.
- the position of the finger in the depth direction (Y direction in FIG. 11) with respect to the opening 82 is positioned by the first contact surface 10a, and the left-right direction with respect to the opening 82 (X direction in FIGS. 11 and 12) by the second contact surface 10b.
- the finger position is determined. Since the opening center of the opening 82 and the optical axis 3C of the imaging unit 3 substantially coincide with each other, the positioning member 10 positions the finger also with respect to the optical axis 3C of the imaging unit 3. .
- a perspective image of a living body located within the general region of the living body, that is, the entire light emitting surface 201 with the light shielding member 8 removed (specifically, a fluoroscopic image of most of the hand) (See FIG. 2A).
- a fluoroscopic image of a living body (specifically, a fluoroscopic image of a predetermined part of a finger) located in a local region of the living body, that is, within the range of the opening 82 of the light shielding member 8 with the light shielding member 8 attached is taken ( (Refer FIG.2 (c)).
- the in-vivo observation device 100 since the light shielding member 8 that blocks part of the light emitted from the light emitting surface 201 is provided, the light irradiation range in the living body placement region X is narrowed. And can irradiate the local area of the living body with light. Moreover, since light can be irradiated to the local area
- the light shielding member 8 can be attached to and detached from the surface light emitting unit 2, a bioscopic image of the whole living body such as the whole hand is obtained or a biological fluoroscopy of a local region of the living body such as a finger, depending on the use. Acquisition of an image can be easily switched by attaching and detaching the light shielding member 8. Further, since the living body is positioned with respect to the light emitting surface 201 by the positioning member 10, it is possible to irradiate a predetermined region of the living body with light. Further, since the living body is imaged by the imaging unit 3 positioned with respect to the surface light emitting unit 2, processing after imaging such as comparing images obtained by the imaging unit 3 can be facilitated.
- any in vivo foreign matter or blood vessel can be easily observed by anyone without the need for special techniques or experience with the in vivo observation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment. Since the inside of the living body can be observed without using X-rays, it is harmless to the human body even if light irradiation is performed for a long time, and because it is merely light irradiation, it is painful to the subject when confirming blood circulation. None give.
- the present invention can be easily miniaturized, various operations can be performed while the in-vivo observation device 100 is brought into an operating room and in-vivo observation is performed in real time.
- the fixing mechanism 9 may include a convex portion 91 provided on the lower surface of the light shielding member 8 and a concave portion 92 provided on the upper surface of the translucent member 24.
- the plurality of convex portions 91 and the plurality of concave portions 92 are positioned in the plane direction. You may make it position in a direction. In addition, you may comprise by providing a recessed part in the lower surface of a light shielding member, and a convex part in the upper surface of a translucent member.
- the positioning member 10 of the said embodiment has the 1st contact surface 10a and the 2nd contact surface 10b, even if it has only the 1st contact surface 10a or the 2nd contact surface 10b. good.
- the first contact surface 10a may have a V-shape in plan view as shown in FIG.
- the bent line of the first contact surface 10a is formed so as to match the position of the opening 82 in the X direction.
- a positioning line or a figure may be drawn on the upper surface of the light shielding member 8. The finger may be positioned with respect to the opening by arranging the finger according to the positioning line or the drawing.
- the opening 82 of the light shielding member 8 of the above embodiment has a substantially circular shape in plan view.
- a polygonal shape such as a rectangular shape in plan view, an elliptical shape or oval shape in plan view, and a portion in plan view. Any shape can be used as long as it reduces the light emitting area of the light emitting surface, such as a circle.
- the positioning member of the embodiment is provided on the light shielding member, it may be provided separately from the light shielding member.
- the positioning member 10 positions the local region of the living body (predetermined region of the finger) with respect to the opening 82 of the light shielding member 8.
- the living body may be positioned with respect to the light emitting surface 201 of the unit 2.
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Abstract
Description
以下に本発明の第1実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。
光源2は、生体Bに対して800~1000nmの波長領域に波長ピークを有する近赤外光を照射するものであり、当該光源2としては、例えば、LEDやレーザ等を用いることができる。例えば、光源2として、810nmに波長ピークを有する170mWのLEDを用いて、成人の手を観察対象とする場合は、28個程度のLEDを平面状の基板の一面に敷設して用いればよい。一方、光源2としてレーザを使用する場合は、例えば、Nd:YAGレーザや半導体レーザ等を用いることができる。
以下に本発明の第2実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。なお、以下においては、第1実施形態とは異なる点を中心に説明する。
以下に本発明の第3実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。なお、第3実施形態に関する図4以降の図面における符号は、必ずしも第1及び第2実施形態に関する図1~3における符号とは一致せず、独自に付されたものである。
このように構成した本実施形態に係る生体内観察装置100によれば、発光面201から出る光の一部を遮る遮光部材8を設けているので、生体配置領域Xにおける光照射範囲を狭めることができ、生体の局所領域に対して光を照射できる。また、生体の局所領域に対して光を照射できるので、生体の局所領域の生体透視画像を好適に取得することができる。
なお、本発明は前記実施形態に限られるものではない。例えば、固定機構9としては、図13に示すように、遮光部材8の下面に設けられた凸部91と、透光部材24の上面に設けられた凹部92とから構成しても良い。図13においては、複数の凸部91及び複数の凹部92により平面方向に位置決めするものであるが、凸部91及び凹部92の形状を工夫して面発光部2に対して遮光部材8を平面方向に位置決めするようにしても良い。なお、遮光部材の下面に凹部、透光部材の上面に凸部を設けて構成しても良い。
2・・・光源
3、51・・・集光レンズ
4・・・カットフィルタ
5・・・撮像装置
B・・・生体
M・・・表示装置
Claims (15)
- 生体に対して800~1000nmの波長領域に波長ピークを有する光を照射する光源と、
前記生体を透過した光を受光して得られた画像データを出力する撮像装置と、を備えており、
前記撮像装置は、0.4~10μWの光を受光した際の出力あたりの最低検出光量が0.055μW/ビット以下のデジタルカメラであることを特徴とする生体内観察装置。 - 前記光源が、LED又はレーザである請求項1記載の生体内観察装置。
- 前記生体と前記撮像装置との間に設けられ、少なくとも800nm未満の波長領域の光を除去するカットフィルタを備えている請求項1記載の生体内観察装置。
- 前記光源と前記生体との間に設けられ、入射光を55°以上の角度で発散しうる拡散板を備えている請求項1記載の生体内観察装置。
- 前記拡散板と前記生体との間に設けられた偏光板を備えている請求項4記載の生体内観察装置。
- 生体配置領域を向く発光面を有し、当該生体配置領域にある生体に対して光を照射する面発光部と、
前記面発光部に対して着脱可能に設けられ、前記発光面から出る光の一部を遮る遮光部材とを具備し、
前記撮像装置が、前記生体配置領域に対して前記面発光部とは反対側に設けられている請求項1記載の生体内観察装置。 - 前記遮光部材が、前記発光面からの光を遮る遮光部と、前記発光面からの光を生体配置領域側に透過させる開口部とを有しており、
前記開口部の開口中心が前記撮像部の光軸上又はその近傍となるように、前記遮光部材が前記面発光部に対して着脱可能に取り付けられるものである請求項6記載の生体内観察装置。 - 前記遮光部材を前記面光源に対して位置決めして固定する固定機構を有する請求項6記載の生体内観察装置。
- 前記遮光部材に設けられており、前記生体を前記遮光部材に対して位置決めして、前記遮光部材に遮られない光を前記生体の所定部位に照射させる位置決め部材を有する請求項6記載の生体内観察装置。
- 前記面発光部が、複数のLEDと、当該LEDを収容する筐体と、前記筐体において前記LEDの光射出側に設けられ前記発光面を形成する透光部材とを有する請求項6記載の生体内観察装置。
- 生体配置領域を向く発光面を有し、当該生体配置領域にある生体に対して光を照射する面発光部と、
前記面発光部の発光面に対して前記生体を位置決めする位置決め部材と、を具備し、
前記撮像装置が、前記面発光部の発光面に対して位置決めされている請求項1記載の生体内観察装置。 - 前記生体内観察装置が手又は足を観察するものであり、
前記位置決め部材が、前記手又は足の所定の指と接触することにより前記手又は足を位置決めするものである請求項11記載の生体内観察装置。 - 前記位置決め部材が、前記生体を前記発光面の平面方向に対して位置決めするものである請求項11記載の生体内観察装置。
- 前記生体配置領域と前記面発光部の発光面との間に設けられ、当該発光面から出る光の一部を遮る遮光部材をさらに備え、
前記位置決め部材が前記遮光部材に設けられており、前記生体を前記遮光部材に対して位置決めして、前記遮光部材で遮られない光を前記生体の所定部位に照射させるものである請求項11記載の生体内観察装置。 - 前記面発光部が、複数のLEDと、当該LEDを収容する筐体と、前記筐体において前記LEDの光射出側に設けられ前記発光面を形成する透光部材とを有する請求項11記載の生体内観察装置。
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