WO2011077929A1 - 表面被覆切削工具 - Google Patents
表面被覆切削工具 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011077929A1 WO2011077929A1 PCT/JP2010/071705 JP2010071705W WO2011077929A1 WO 2011077929 A1 WO2011077929 A1 WO 2011077929A1 JP 2010071705 W JP2010071705 W JP 2010071705W WO 2011077929 A1 WO2011077929 A1 WO 2011077929A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- coating layer
- cutting tool
- coated cutting
- layer
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0641—Nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/06—Face-milling cutters, i.e. having only or primarily a substantially flat cutting surface
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/021—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal alloy layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/046—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material with at least one amorphous inorganic material layer, e.g. DLC, a-C:H, a-C:Me, the layer being doped or not
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/048—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material with layers graded in composition or physical properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
- C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
- Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
- Y10T428/24967—Absolute thicknesses specified
- Y10T428/24975—No layer or component greater than 5 mils thick
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
- Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
- Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a surface-coated cutting tool including a base material and a film formed on the base material.
- Recent cutting tool trends include the need for dry machining without the use of cutting fluids from the viewpoint of global environmental conservation, the diversification of work materials, and cutting speeds to further improve machining efficiency.
- the tool tip temperature tends to become higher and higher due to reasons such as higher speed. Therefore, the characteristics required for the tool material are becoming stricter.
- a required property of tool materials not only the heat resistance of the coating formed on the base material, but also the improvement of the wear resistance related to the life of the cutting tool and the lubrication properties of the coating replacing the lubricant are becoming more important. ing.
- a film made of AlN is formed on the surface of a cutting tool made of a hard substrate such as a WC-based cemented carbide, cermet, or high-speed steel.
- a hard substrate such as a WC-based cemented carbide, cermet, or high-speed steel.
- the technology is well known. Since AlN has a high thermal conductivity, the heat dissipation of the coating can be enhanced, and the coating itself made of AlN does not retain heat. Moreover, AlN is characterized by excellent lubricity and low hardness. With this feature, ALN has the advantage of preventing abnormal wear of the tool and improving chipping resistance.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique using AlN having a hexagonal crystal state on the outermost surface.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for forming a compound layer of one or more selected from the group consisting of N, O, and C and Al by physical vapor deposition.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a technique of using AlN on the surface of the coating. By thus forming a coating film made of AlN on the outermost surface, it is possible to improve the heat dissipation, lubricity and chipping resistance of the surface.
- any of the coatings made of AlN disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 have a high thermal permeation rate of AlN, so that heat generated during cutting is immediately applied to the tool substrate (through the lower layer if there is a lower layer). This will cause thermal cracks in the tool substrate. For this reason, there is a problem that the tool life is shortened.
- any of the coatings made of AlN disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 do not have sufficient hardness, so that the film wears quickly, and as a result, the lubrication effect cannot be sufficiently obtained. It was.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a technique for containing chlorine in the outermost coating film made of AlN in order to improve the lubricity of the outermost surface of the coating film.
- Patent Document 5 a TiCN layer and a TiCNO layer are formed on the substrate side of the coating, and an Al 2 O 3 layer having a high heat resistance and an AlN layer having a high lubricity are formed on the outermost surface of the coating.
- a technique for improving the heat insulation and lubricity of the coating surface is disclosed.
- Patent Document 4 and Patent Document 5 can solve the problem that the hardness of the coating surface is low, and the outermost surface of the coating tends to disappear early due to wear.
- a technique for improving the lubricity of the surface of the film by forming a layer made of AlN on the surface side of the film as described above has been conventionally used.
- a layer made of AlN is formed on the outermost surface of the coating, an improvement in wear resistance is expected due to the lubricating action of the layer made of AlN, but a surface-coated cutting tool that can fully exhibit the effect is still provided. Not in the current situation.
- the present invention has been made in view of the current situation as described above, and the object of the present invention is to provide excellent adhesion with a first coating layer containing Al and N having low heat permeability and high hardness. It is to provide a surface-coated cutting tool having both excellent heat resistance, excellent wear resistance, and excellent lubricity by forming on a substrate.
- the surface-coated cutting tool of the present invention comprises a substrate and a coating formed on the substrate, and the coating is formed by physical vapor deposition and includes one or more layers, At least one of the one or more layers is a first coating layer, and the first coating layer includes Al and N, and has a thermal permeability of 2000 J ⁇ sec ⁇ 1 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 ⁇ K ⁇ 1 or more. 5000 J ⁇ sec ⁇ 1 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 ⁇ K ⁇ 1 or less and a film thickness of 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less, and the first coating layer is composed of an amorphous region and a crystalline region in order from the substrate side.
- the amorphous region is amorphous and has a thickness of 0.01 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m, and the crystalline region has a crystal structure including a hexagonal crystal structure.
- the crystalline region preferably has a hardness of 2500 mgf / ⁇ m 2 or more and 3800 mgf / ⁇ m 2 or less.
- the first coating layer preferably has a residual stress of ⁇ 1 GPa or more and 0 GPa or less, and is preferably formed by a sputtering method.
- the first coating layer is made of Al 1-x Me x N (0.001 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.2), and Me in the composition formula is V, Cr, Y, Nb, Hf, Ta, B, and Si.
- Me in the composition formula is V, Cr, Y, Nb, Hf, Ta, B, and Si.
- the coating includes one or more second coating layers, and the second coating layer is a group consisting of group IVa elements, group Va elements, group VIa elements, Al, and Si in the periodic table.
- One or more of the second coating layers include at least one element selected from the group consisting of Cr, Al, Ti, and Si, or at least one element of the elements, and carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and boron
- it is composed of a compound with one or more elements selected from the group consisting of:
- the second coating layer has a super multi-layer structure in which thin film layers having a thickness of 1 nm or more and 100 nm or less are periodically stacked, and the thin film layer is at least one selected from the group consisting of Cr, Al, Ti, and Si. Or one or more of these elements and a compound of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and boron.
- the substrate is preferably composed of any one of cemented carbide, cermet, cubic boron nitride sintered body, high speed steel, ceramics, or diamond sintered body.
- the surface-coated cutting tool of the present invention has the above-described configuration, so that the first coating layer has high adhesion, and has both excellent heat resistance, excellent wear resistance, and excellent lubricity.
- the surface-coated cutting tool of the present invention comprises a base material and a film formed thereon.
- the surface-coated cutting tool of the present invention having such a basic configuration includes, for example, a drill, an end mill, a milling or turning edge cutting type cutting tip, a metal saw, a cutting tool, a reamer, a tap, or a crankshaft pin. It can be used very effectively as a chip for milling.
- the surface-coated cutting tool of the present invention has a feature that the coating is difficult to peel off, especially when cutting difficult-to-cut materials such as stainless steel, inconel, and titanium.
- a conventionally known material known as such a cutting tool base material can be used without particular limitation.
- cemented carbide for example, WC base cemented carbide, including WC, including Co, or further including carbonitride such as Ti, Ta, Nb, etc.
- cermet TiC, TiN, TiCN, etc.
- High-speed steel, ceramics titanium carbide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, aluminum oxide, and mixtures thereof), cubic boron nitride sintered body, diamond sintered body Etc. can be mentioned as examples of such a substrate.
- a cemented carbide When a cemented carbide is used as such a base material, the effect of the present invention is exhibited even if such a cemented carbide contains an abnormal phase called free carbon or ⁇ phase in the structure.
- these base materials may have a modified surface.
- a de- ⁇ layer may be formed on the surface, and in the case of cermet, a surface hardened layer may be formed. The effect of the invention is shown.
- the coating film of the present invention is formed by physical vapor deposition.
- the coating includes one or more layers, and at least one of the one or more layers is a first coating layer.
- First coating layer comprises Al and N, the thermal effusivity is not more than 2000J ⁇ sec -1 ⁇ m -1 ⁇ K -1 or more 5000J ⁇ sec -1 ⁇ m -1 ⁇ K -1 And having an amorphous region and a crystalline region in order from the substrate side.
- the amorphous region is made of an amorphous material and has a thickness of 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the crystalline region has a crystal structure including a hexagonal crystal structure.
- such a coating of the present invention is different in a mode in which the entire surface of the substrate is coated, a mode in which a coating is not partially formed, and a mode in which a part of the coating is partially laminated. Including embodiments.
- the total thickness of the coating of the present invention is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the wear resistance may be inferior, and when it exceeds 30 ⁇ m, the coating may not withstand the compressive stress remaining in the coating and the coating may self-destruct.
- the preferred thickness of such a coating is 2 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the film of the present invention is formed by physical vapor deposition (PVD method).
- PVD method physical vapor deposition
- the reason why such physical vapor deposition is employed in the present invention is that it is essential to form a film having a dense structure as a film formed on the surface of the substrate. As a result of examining various film forming methods, it was found that a film formed by physical vapor deposition is optimal.
- the first coating layer included in the coating of the present invention contains Al and N.
- thermal effusivity is equal to or less than 2000J ⁇ sec -1 ⁇ m -1 ⁇ K -1 or more 5000J ⁇ sec -1 ⁇ m -1 ⁇ K -1.
- a conventional film containing Al and N is excellent in terms of lubricity.
- the heat permeability is high, the other layers and the base material become high temperature, and there is a problem that the tool life is likely to be shortened due to thermal damage.
- the first coating layer of the present invention overcomes the drawbacks of the conventional coating containing Al and N.
- the heat insulating property can be improved without deteriorating the lubricity of the conventional coating film containing Al and N, and the tool itself is prevented from becoming high temperature.
- the first coating layer of the present invention having such a structure, a crystalline region having an advantage of excellent wear resistance and an amorphous region as a lower layer were formed. Therefore, the consistency of the structure between the crystalline region and the base material (intermediate layer when an intermediate layer is formed on the base material) is improved, and peeling of the film can be effectively prevented, and thus Excellent wear resistance is shown.
- Thermal effusivity of such first coat layer is preferably not more than 3500J ⁇ sec -1 ⁇ m -1 ⁇ K -1, more preferably 3000J ⁇ sec -1 ⁇ m -1 ⁇ K -1 or less It is.
- the heat permeability of the first coating layer is less than 2000 J ⁇ sec ⁇ 1 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 ⁇ K ⁇ 1 , heat is excessively accumulated on the surface side of the first coating layer, and the crystals of AlN itself are deformed. Or there is a problem that the hardness decreases. If the thermal permeability exceeds 5000 J ⁇ sec ⁇ 1 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 ⁇ K ⁇ 1 , the heat generated during cutting cannot be cut off, and the substrate becomes hot, causing deformation and thermal cracks. Therefore, it is not preferable.
- the value measured based on the thermoreflectance method shall be adopted as the value of the thermal permeability of the first coating layer.
- the total thickness of the first coating layer of the present invention is 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the first coating layer may be inferior in heat resistance. If the thickness exceeds 5 ⁇ m, the first coating layer may self-break without being able to withstand the compressive stress remaining in the first coating layer.
- a preferable thickness of such a first coating layer is 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the first coating layer has an amorphous region and a crystalline region in order from the substrate side, and the thickness of the amorphous region made of an amorphous material is 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less. And By forming the amorphous region having such a thickness on the base material side of the first coating layer, the adhesion between the base material and the coating can be improved and the thermal permeability of the first coating layer can be reduced. .
- the amorphous region preferably has a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 1 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 0.5 ⁇ m or less. If the thickness of the amorphous region is less than 0.01 ⁇ m, the adhesion between the substrate and the film cannot be sufficiently ensured, and if the thickness of the amorphous region exceeds 2 ⁇ m, the hardness of the film decreases. However, the wear resistance tends to decrease.
- a crystalline region is formed on the surface side (the side opposite to the substrate side) of the first coating layer, and the crystalline region includes a hexagonal crystal structure.
- the heat resistance of the entire tool can be improved. Therefore, the wear resistance of the surface-coated cutting tool can be improved.
- the hexagonal crystal structure is confirmed by the presence of a peak due to the hexagonal AlN plane as measured by XRD (X-ray diffraction).
- Such a crystalline region preferably has a hardness of 2500 mgf / ⁇ m 2 or more and 3800 mgf / ⁇ m 2 or less.
- the wear resistance of the surface-coated cutting tool is enhanced.
- the crystalline region has a hardness of 3200 mgf / ⁇ m 2 or more and 3600 mgf / ⁇ m 2 or less.
- hardness of the crystalline region is less than 2500 mgf / ⁇ m 2 , the coating surface tends to be worn due to insufficient hardness. Hardness of crystalline region is 3800mgf / ⁇ m 2 If it exceeds, the lubricity of the coating is lowered, and the wear tends to decrease.
- “hardness” means indentation hardness, and a value measured using a nanoindenter (manufactured by Elionix) is adopted.
- the first coating layer preferably has a residual stress of ⁇ 1 GPa to 0 GPa. By having such a residual stress, it is possible to effectively exhibit the characteristics that it is not broken at the time of forming the first coating layer and is not broken at the time of cutting while having excellent fracture resistance.
- the residual stress of the entire first coating layer is more preferably ⁇ 0.8 GPa or more and ⁇ 0.2 GPa or less.
- the first coating layer tends to be compressive fractured. If the residual stress of the first coating layer exceeds 0 GPa, the coating is destroyed when subjected to an impact. It tends to be easy to do.
- the numerical range of the residual stress means that the average value of the residual stress of the entire first coating layer is ⁇ 1 GPa or more and 0 GPa or less. Even if there is a location that deviates locally from the numerical range, the peel resistance and toughness of the coating can be improved as long as the average value of the entire first coating layer satisfies the numerical range described above.
- residual stress refers to the average residual stress of the entire coating, and can be measured by the following method called the sin 2 ⁇ method.
- the sin 2 ⁇ method using X-rays is widely used as a method for measuring the residual stress of a polycrystalline material. This measurement method is described in detail on pages 54 to 66 of "X-ray stress measurement method" (Japan Society for Materials Science, published by Yokendo Co., Ltd. in 1981).
- the X-ray penetration depth is fixed by combining the method, and the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ with respect to various ⁇ directions is measured in the plane including the stress direction to be measured and the sample surface normal set at the measurement position, and 2 ⁇ sin 2 A ⁇ diagram was created, and the average value of the residual stress from the gradient to the depth (distance from the surface of the coating) was determined.
- X-rays that cause X-rays from an X-ray source to enter a sample at a predetermined angle, detect X-rays diffracted by the sample with an X-ray detector, and measure internal stress based on the detected values.
- an X-ray is incident from an X-ray source at an arbitrary setting angle on the sample surface at an arbitrary position of the sample, passes through the X-ray irradiation point on the sample, and the ⁇ axis is perpendicular to the incident X-ray
- the sample is placed so that the angle formed by the sample surface and the incident X-ray is constant.
- the X-ray source used above is preferably synchrotron radiation (SR) in terms of the quality of the X-ray source (high brightness, high parallelism, wavelength variability, etc.).
- SR synchrotron radiation
- the Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of the coating are required.
- the Young's modulus can be measured using a dynamic hardness meter or the like. Since the Poisson's ratio does not change greatly depending on the material, a value around 0.2 may be used.
- the compressive stress (compressive residual stress) referred to in the present invention is a kind of internal stress (intrinsic strain) existing in the film, and is represented by a negative numerical value (unit: GPa).
- the tensile stress (tensile residual stress) referred to in the present invention is also a kind of internal stress existing in the film, and is represented by a positive numerical value (unit: GPa). Since such compressive stress and tensile stress are both internal stresses remaining in the coating film, these may be simply combined and expressed as residual stress (including 0 GPa for convenience).
- the first coating layer having a residual stress in such a range can be formed by adjusting the amount of kinetic energy of atoms or ions that collide with the substrate and become the first coating layer by physical vapor deposition. it can. Generally, when the amount of kinetic energy is large, it is possible to obtain a compressive residual stress whose absolute value increases. Details of the physical vapor deposition method will be described later.
- the first coating layer of the present invention has at least one selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Y, Nb, Hf, Ta, B, and Si as a compound constituting the layer (that is, a compound containing Al and N). It is preferable to include a seed element, and the ratio is preferably 0.1 to 20 atomic% with respect to the metal component (ie, Al) included in the compound. That is, the first coating layer is made of Al 1-x Me x N (0.001 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.2), and Me is made of V, Cr, Y, Nb, Hf, Ta, B, and Si. It is preferably one or more elements selected from the group.
- the crystal structure in the crystalline region is distorted and the hardness is further improved, so that the first coating layer has a further improved wear resistance.
- atomic diffusion is suppressed in the coating or between the coating and the substrate during cutting, and the reaction resistance such as oxidation resistance is improved.
- a desired amount is included in the target that is a raw material of the first coating layer, so that such other elements are contained in the compound constituting the layer. Can be made.
- such an aspect of containing other elements may be an infiltration type or a substitution type.
- the coating preferably includes one or more second coating layers in addition to the first coating layer.
- a 2nd coating layer may be formed as an intermediate
- the total thickness of the second coating layer of the present invention is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 25 ⁇ m or less. If the thickness of the second coating layer is less than 1 ⁇ m, the second coating layer may be inferior in wear resistance. If it exceeds 25 ⁇ m, the film may not withstand the compressive stress remaining in the second coating layer, and the coating may self-destruct.
- a preferable thickness of the second coating layer is 1.8 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the second coating layer is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of group IVa elements, group Va elements, group VIa elements, Al, and Si in the periodic table, or one or more elements among the elements. And one or more elements selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and boron.
- nitrogen is contained with respect to the former element, the second coating layer has the advantage that it is excellent in toughness and the coating is not easily broken even if it is thickened. By containing carbon and nitrogen, crater wear resistance can be improved. Further, it is preferable to contain oxygen because it is excellent in oxidation resistance and welding resistance.
- the second coating layer contains Al and N
- the second coating layer has substantially the same composition as the first coating layer, but at least the crystal structure is different, and the thermal permeability and thickness thereof are further different. It may be different.
- the second coating layer may be a single layer or a multilayer. From the viewpoint of imparting various functions, a multilayer is preferable, and a super multilayer structure is more preferable among the multilayers.
- multilayer refers to a multilayer composed of two or more layers
- supermultilayer structure refers to two or more layers having different properties and compositions in a thickness of several nanometers to several hundred nanometers in a thickness of 100 to 10,000. It is one that is layered about layers (usually one that is alternately alternated or repeated).
- One or more of the second coating layers include at least one element selected from the group consisting of Cr, Al, Ti, and Si, or at least one element of the elements, and carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and boron
- it is composed of a compound with one or more elements selected from the group consisting of:
- the second coating layer preferably has a super multilayer structure in which thin film layers having a thickness of 1 nm to 100 nm are periodically stacked.
- the thin film layer includes one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Cr, Al, Ti, and Si, or one or more elements selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and boron. More preferably, it is composed of a compound with one or more selected elements.
- the second coating layer has a super multi-layer structure, a plurality of different targets are used, and the thickness of each layer is on the order of several nanometers, so that the deposition rate is fast. Further, by combining layers having different properties and compositions, film properties such as hardness, heat insulation, oxidation resistance, and toughness of the coating can be improved.
- PVD method physical vapor deposition method
- a conventionally known physical vapor deposition method can be used without any particular limitation.
- the film forming process can form a highly crystalline compound.
- Physical vapor deposition methods include, for example, sputtering, ion plating, arc ion plating, electron ion beam vapor deposition, etc. Cathode arc ion plating, or sputtering, which has a particularly high ionization rate of the raw material elements. Use is preferable because of high productivity.
- the amorphous region can be formed on the substrate side by setting the film formation temperature when starting to form the first coating layer to 550 ° C. or more and 700 ° C. or less.
- the film formation temperature after forming the amorphous region is set to 450 ° C. or higher and 550 ° C. or lower, the crystalline region can be formed on the amorphous region.
- the thickness of the amorphous region and the crystalline region occupying the first coating layer can be adjusted by adjusting the film formation time, and the film formation rate is preferably 0.1 to 0.6 ⁇ m / hour.
- the first coating layer is preferably formed using a sputtering method among physical vapor deposition methods.
- a sputtering method among physical vapor deposition methods.
- the crystalline structure of the first coating layer, particularly in the crystalline region becomes homogeneous. Therefore, there is an advantage that the hardness of the first coating layer can be increased.
- Specific conditions of such a sputtering method can include the following conditions, for example.
- a pulsed sputtering method that can alternately apply high frequency pulses and low frequency pulses is adopted.
- the target a sintered target or a melt target having a target composition is used. Then, the pulse frequency applied to the sputtering cathode is controlled every time the thickness becomes 20 to 70 nm, and a pulse frequency of 100 kHz or less and a pulse frequency of 300 kHz or more are alternately applied.
- the energy of particles flying from the target can be adjusted by applying the pulse frequency while alternately changing the pulse frequency. That is, when the rate of applying a pulse frequency of 300 kHz or higher is increased, the crystal of the first coating layer grows three-dimensionally and the hardness is improved. On the other hand, the rate of applying a pulse frequency of 100 kHz or less is increased. The crystal growth of the coating layer is suppressed and the hardness tends to decrease. For this reason, by appropriately controlling these pulse frequencies, the crystal growth of the first coating layer can be kept high while the crystallinity of the first coating layer is kept high, thereby obtaining the first coating layer having a uniform crystal structure. Can do.
- the bias applied to a base material is a frequency of 200 kHz or more and the bias voltage is 50 V or more.
- the bias applied to the base material is a frequency of 100 kHz or less and the bias voltage is made lower than 50V.
- the thickness of the coating film and each layer in the examples is measured by observing the cross section of the coating film using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or a transmission electron microscope (TEM), and each layer is configured.
- the composition of the compound to be confirmed was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
- XPS X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- the crystal structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and measured under the condition of an incident angle of 0.5 °.
- the residual stress of the entire coating was measured by the above sin 2 ⁇ method, and the hardness was measured using a nanoindenter (manufactured by Elionix).
- thermophysical microscope thermal microscope TM3 (BETHEL)
- TM3 thermomechanical microscope TM3 (BETHEL)
- the material is P20 cemented carbide and the shape is SEET13T3AGSN (JIS).
- a cutting edge replacement type cutting tip for turning which is (JIS) was prepared. These substrates were mounted on a cathode arc ion plating / sputtering apparatus or a CVD apparatus.
- the inside of the chamber of the apparatus is depressurized by a vacuum pump, and the temperature of the substrate is heated to 600 ° C. by a heater installed in the apparatus, so that the pressure in the chamber is 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa. A vacuum was drawn until
- argon gas is introduced to maintain the pressure in the chamber at 3.0 Pa, the substrate bias power supply voltage of the base material is gradually increased to ⁇ 1500 V, and the W filament is heated to emit thermoelectrons. The surface of the substrate was cleaned for 30 minutes. Thereafter, argon gas was exhausted.
- the first coating layer, the second layer, and the third layer were formed in that order as the intermediate layer using the second coating layer described in Table 1 and Table 2 so as to be in direct contact with the substrate.
- “ ⁇ ” in the table means that the corresponding layer is not formed.
- a sintering target or a melt target having the target composition that is, the metal composition of the intermediate layer described in Table 1 and Table 2 is used, and Ar, N 2 , CH 4 , and O 2 gases are introduced. Then, film formation was performed by a conventionally known method.
- composition in the columns of “First layer”, “Second layer”, and “Third layer” indicates the composition of the compound constituting each layer, and “Thickness” is The thickness of each layer is shown.
- second layers of Examples 29 to 31 in Table 2 have a super multi-layer structure, and these were formed under conventionally known conditions, and the thickness of the layer was enclosed in parentheses beside the composition. Formed.
- the 1st coating layer of Table 1 and Table 2 was formed on the intermediate layer formed above.
- a first coating layer uses a sintered target or a melt target having a target composition, that is, the metal composition of the first coating layer described in Tables 1 and 2, and 65 while introducing Ar and N 2.
- a sintered target or a melt target having a target composition that is, the metal composition of the first coating layer described in Tables 1 and 2, and 65 while introducing Ar and N 2.
- an operation of forming a crystalline region having a thickness described in Table 1 and Table 2 at 500 ° C. an operation of forming an amorphous region having a thickness described in Table 1 and Table 2 at 0 ° C. is performed.
- the first coating layer was formed so as to have the thickness described in Table 1 and Table 2.
- composition in the column of “First coating layer” indicates the composition of the compound constituting the first coating layer.
- AlN in Tables 1 and 2 indicates a crystal composed of Al and N and an amorphous material, and the ratio of Al to N is not limited to 1: 1. The ratio may be slightly deviated from the atomic ratio, includes all conventionally known atomic ratios, and the atomic ratio of the two is not particularly limited. Regarding any of the compositions shown in Table 1 and Table 2, the composition ratio is not limited as in the case of AlN.
- AIP in the column of “Manufacturing method” indicates that it was formed by an arc ion plating method
- SP indicates that it was formed by a sputtering method
- CVD was formed by a known chemical vapor deposition method. It shows that.
- the “thickness” column shows the thicknesses of the amorphous region and the crystalline region, and the total thickness is shown in the “total thickness” column.
- the “hardness” column indicates the value of indentation hardness measured using a nanoindenter hardness meter, and the “residual stress” column indicates the average residual stress of the entire first coating layer. .
- the temperature is set to 500 ° C., and the pulse frequency applied to the sputter cathode is changed every time the thickness becomes 20 to 70 nm.
- a crystalline region was formed by controlling and alternately applying a pulse frequency of 100 kHz or less and a pulse frequency of 300 kHz or more.
- the pulse frequency and the bias when forming the crystalline region were adjusted. Specifically, when the pulse frequency applied to the sputter cathode is set to 100 kHz or less, the bias applied to the substrate is set to a frequency of 200 kHz or more, the bias voltage is set to 50 V or more, and the pulse frequency applied to the sputter cathode is set to 300 kHz.
- the bias applied to the substrate was set to a frequency of 100 kHz or less, and the bias voltage was made lower than 50V.
- the sputtering power was adjusted so that the film formation rate was 0.1 to 0.6 ⁇ m / hour.
- each outermost layer described in Table 1 and Table 2 was formed on the first coating layer formed as described above.
- “ ⁇ ” in the column of the composition of the outermost layer in the table means that the outermost layer is not formed.
- Such an outermost layer can be formed in the same manner as the above-mentioned second coating layer, and uses a target composition, that is, a sintered or melted target having a metal composition of the outermost layer described in Tables 1 and 2, It formed so that it might have the thickness of Table 1 and Table 2 by the conventionally well-known method.
- composition in the “Outermost layer” column indicates the composition of the compound constituting the outermost layer
- “Overall thickness” column indicates the thickness of the entire coating
- the base material was made of P20 cemented carbide, and the cutting edge exchangeable cutting tip for face milling whose shape was SEET13T3AGSN (JIS) was used under the following conditions.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明の表面被覆切削工具は、基材とその上に形成された被膜とを備えたものである。このような基本的構成を有する本発明の表面被覆切削工具は、たとえばドリル、エンドミル、フライス加工用または旋削加工用刃先交換型切削チップ、メタルソー、歯切工具、リーマ、タップ、またはクランクシャフトのピンミーリング加工用チップ等として極めて有用に用いることができる。本発明の表面被覆切削工具は、特にステンレス、インコネル、チタン等の難削材を削る場合にも、被膜が剥離しにくいという特徴を有する。
本発明の表面被覆切削工具の基材としては、このような切削工具の基材として知られる従来公知のものを特に限定なく使用することができる。たとえば、超硬合金(たとえばWC基超硬合金、WCの他、Coを含み、あるいはさらにTi、Ta、Nb等の炭窒化物等を添加したものも含む)、サーメット(TiC、TiN、TiCN等を主成分とするもの)、高速度鋼、セラミックス(炭化チタン、炭化硅素、窒化硅素、窒化アルミニウム、酸化アルミニウム、およびこれらの混合体など)、立方晶型窒化硼素焼結体、ダイヤモンド焼結体等をこのような基材の例として挙げることができる。
本発明の被膜は、物理蒸着法により形成されるものである。前記被膜は一以上の層を含み、該一以上の層のうち、少なくとも一層は第1被膜層である。該第1被膜層は、AlとNとを含み、その熱浸透率が2000J・sec-1・m-1・K-1以上5000J・sec-1・m-1・K-1以下であって、基材側から順に非晶質領域と結晶質領域とを有する。前記非晶質領域は、非晶質からなり、かつ0.01μm以上2μm以下の厚みである。前記結晶質領域は、六方晶構造を含む結晶構造からなることを特徴とする。
<第1被膜層>
本発明の被膜に含まれる第1被膜層は、AlとNとを含む。その熱浸透率は、2000J・sec-1・m-1・K-1以上5000J・sec-1・m-1・K-1以下であることを特徴とする。従来のAlとNとを含む被膜は、潤滑性の点では優れている。しかし、その熱浸透率が高いためそれ以外の層および基材が高温になってしまい、熱損傷により工具寿命が短くなりやすいという問題があった。
いことにより摩耗しやすくなる傾向がある。結晶質領域の硬度が3800mgf/μm2
を超えると、被膜の潤滑性が低下して、やはり摩耗減少しやすくなる傾向がある。なお、本明細書において、「硬度」とは、インデンテーション硬度を意味するものであり、ナノインデンター(エリオニクス社製)を用いて測定された値を採用する。
第1被膜層は、-1GPa以上0GPa以下の残留応力を有することが好ましい。このような残留応力を有することにより、優れた耐欠損性を有しつつ、第1被膜層の形成時に破壊されず切削加工時にも破壊されないという特性を効果的に発現することができる。
いう方法で測定することができる。X線を用いたsin2ψ法は、多結晶材料の残留応力
の測定方法として広く用いられている。この測定方法は、「X線応力測定法」(日本材料学会、1981年株式会社養賢堂発行)の54~66頁に詳細に説明されているが、本発明ではまず並傾法と側傾法とを組み合せてX線の侵入深さを固定し、測定する応力方向と測定位置に立てた試料表面法線を含む面内で種々のψ方向に対する回折角度2θを測定して2θ-sin2ψ線図を作成し、その勾配からその深さ(被膜の表面からの距離)まで
の残留応力の平均値を求めた。
ヤング率とポアソン比が必要となる。該ヤング率はダイナミック硬度計等を用いて測定することができる。ポアソン比は材料によって大きく変化しないため0.2前後の値を用いればよい。
本発明の第1被膜層は、その層を構成する化合物(すなわちAlとNとを含む化合物)がV、Cr、Y、Nb、Hf、Ta、B、およびSiからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素を含むことが好ましく、その割合は、該化合物に含まれる金属成分(すなわちAl)に対して0.1~20原子%含むことが好ましい。すなわち、第1被膜層が、Al1-xMexN(0.001≦x≦0.2)からなり、Meは、V、Cr、Y、Nb、Hf、Ta、B、およびSiからなる群より選ばれる1種以上の元素であることが好ましい。このような他の元素を含むことにより、結晶質領域中の結晶構造に歪みが入り硬度がさらに向上することから第1被膜層は、耐摩耗性がより向上したものとなる。しかも、切削加工時において被膜中あるいは被膜と基材間において原子拡散が抑制され、耐酸化性等の耐反応性が良好となる。
本発明において、被膜は、上記の第1被膜層の他に、1以上の第2被膜層を含むことが好ましい。このような第2被膜層が、基材と第1被膜層との間に中間層として形成されていてもよいし、第1被膜層の表面側に最表層として形成されていてもよい。
本発明の被膜を形成するのに用いられる物理蒸着法(PVD法)としては、従来公知の物理蒸着法を特に限定することなく用いることができる。これは、本発明の被膜を基材表面に成膜するためには結晶性の高い化合物を形成することができる成膜プロセスであることが不可欠である。種々の成膜方法を検討した結果、物理蒸着法を用いることが最適であることが見出された。物理蒸着法には、たとえばスパッタリング法、イオンプレーティング法、アークイオンプレーティング法、電子イオンビーム蒸着法等があるが、特に原料元素のイオン化率が高いカソードアークイオンプレーティング法、もしくはスパッタリング法を用いると、生産性が高いので好ましい。
はナノインデンター(エリオニクス社製)を用いて測定した。さらに、熱浸透率は、試験温度24℃、試験湿度30%の環境下で、熱物性顕微鏡(サーマルマイクロスコープTM3(BETHEL社製))を用いて、測定モードを点測定モードにして、検出用レーザに3MHzの測定周波数のものを用いるというサーモリフレクタンス法により行なった。
以下のようにして表面被覆切削工具を作成し、その評価を行なった。
まず、表面被覆切削工具の基材として、材質がP20超硬であり、形状がSEET13T3AGSN(JIS)である正面フライス加工用の刃先交換型切削チップと、材質がP20超硬であり、形状がCNMG120408(JIS)である旋削加工用の刃先交換型切削チップとを準備した。これらの基材をカソードアークイオンプレーティング・スパッタ装置、またはCVD装置に装着した。
を行なった。
0℃で表1および表2記載の厚みの非晶質領域を形成するという操作の後に、500℃で表1および表2記載の厚みの結晶質領域を形成するという操作を行なうことにより、表1および表2記載の厚みを有するように第1被膜層を形成した。
上記で作製した実施例1~31および比較例1~8の表面被覆切削工具のそれぞれについて、以下の条件による正面フライス試験および連続旋削試験を行なうことにより耐摩耗性の評価を行なった。該評価は、刃先の逃げ面摩耗幅が0.2mmを超えるまでの時間、または被膜に欠損が生じるまでの時間を切削時間として測定することにより行なった。その結果を表3に示す。なお、正面フライス試験および連続旋削試験のいずれも、切削時間が長いものほど耐摩耗性が優れていることを示している。
基材としては上記の通り材質がP20超硬合金であり、形状がSEET13T3AGSN(JIS)である正面フライス加工用の刃先交換型切削チップを用いて、以下の条件により行なった。
切削速度:100m/分
切り込み:2.0mm
送り:0.15mm/rev
DRY/WET:DRY
<連続旋削試験の条件>
基材としては上記の通り材質がP20超硬合金であり、形状がCNMG120408である旋削加工用刃先交換型切削チップを用い、以下の条件により行なった。
切削速度:40m/分
切り込み:0.5mm
送り:0.15mm/rev
DRY/WET:WET
Claims (9)
- 基材と、該基材上に形成された被膜とを備える表面被覆切削工具であって、
前記被膜は、物理蒸着法により形成され、かつ一以上の層を含み、
前記一以上の層のうち少なくとも一層は、第1被膜層であり、
前記第1被膜層は、AlとNとを含み、その熱浸透率が2000J・sec-1・m-1・K-1以上5000J・sec-1・m-1・K-1以下であって、かつ0.2μm以上5μm以下の膜厚であり、
前記第1被膜層は、前記基材側から順に非晶質領域と結晶質領域とを有し、
前記非晶質領域は、非晶質からなり、かつ0.01μm以上2μm以下の厚みであり、
前記結晶質領域は、六方晶構造を含む結晶構造からなる、表面被覆切削工具。 - 前記結晶質領域は、2500mgf/μm2以上3800mgf/μm2以下の硬度を有する、請求項1に記載の表面被覆切削工具。
- 前記第1被膜層は、-1GPa以上0GPa以下の残留応力を有する、請求項1または2に記載の表面被覆切削工具。
- 前記第1被膜層は、スパッタリング法により形成される、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の表面被覆切削工具。
- 前記第1被膜層は、Al1-xMexN(0.001≦x≦0.2)からなり、
前記Meは、V、Cr、Y、Nb、Hf、Ta、B、およびSiからなる群より選ばれる1種以上の元素である、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の表面被覆切削工具。 - 前記被膜は、前記第1被膜層以外に、1以上の第2被膜層を含み、
前記第2被膜層は、周期律表のIVa族元素、Va族元素、VIa族元素、Al、およびSiからなる群より選ばれる1種以上の元素、または該元素のうちの1種以上の元素と、炭素、窒素、酸素、および硼素からなる群より選ばれる1種以上の元素との化合物によって構成される、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の表面被覆切削工具。 - 前記第2被膜層の1以上は、Cr、Al、Ti、およびSiからなる群より選ばれる1種以上の元素、または該元素のうちの1種以上の元素と、炭素、窒素、酸素、および硼素からなる群より選ばれる1種以上の元素との化合物によって構成される、請求項6に記載の表面被覆切削工具。
- 前記第2被膜層は、1nm以上100nm以下の厚みの薄膜層を周期的に積層した超多層構造を有し、
前記薄膜層は、Cr、Al、Ti、およびSiからなる群より選ばれる1種以上の元素、または該元素のうちの1種以上の元素と、炭素、窒素、酸素、および硼素からなる群より選ばれる1種以上の元素との化合物によって構成される、請求項6または7に記載の表面被覆切削工具。 - 前記基材は、超硬合金、サーメット、立方晶型窒化硼素焼結体、高速度鋼、セラミックス、またはダイヤモンド焼結体のいずれかにより構成される請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の表面被覆切削工具。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10839163.2A EP2517810B1 (en) | 2009-12-21 | 2010-12-03 | Surface-coated cutting tool |
KR1020117018546A KR101079902B1 (ko) | 2009-12-21 | 2010-12-03 | 표면 피복 절삭 공구 |
US13/202,056 US8685531B2 (en) | 2009-12-21 | 2010-12-03 | Surface-coated cutting tool |
CN2010800081850A CN102317016B (zh) | 2009-12-21 | 2010-12-03 | 表面被覆切削工具 |
IL214594A IL214594A (en) | 2009-12-21 | 2011-08-10 | Coated surface cutting tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2009-288850 | 2009-12-21 | ||
JP2009288850A JP4753144B2 (ja) | 2009-12-21 | 2009-12-21 | 表面被覆切削工具 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011077929A1 true WO2011077929A1 (ja) | 2011-06-30 |
Family
ID=44195464
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2010/071705 WO2011077929A1 (ja) | 2009-12-21 | 2010-12-03 | 表面被覆切削工具 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8685531B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2517810B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4753144B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101079902B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102317016B (ja) |
IL (1) | IL214594A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011077929A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8685531B2 (en) | 2009-12-21 | 2014-04-01 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp. | Surface-coated cutting tool |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3195959B1 (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2020-11-25 | Tungaloy Corporation | Coated cutting tool |
US10583493B2 (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2020-03-10 | Tungaloy Corporation | Coated cutting tool |
US11156033B1 (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2021-10-26 | National Technology & Engineering Solutions Of Sandia, Llc | Multilayer solid lubricant architecture for use in drilling tool applications |
WO2020161358A1 (en) * | 2019-02-08 | 2020-08-13 | Oerlikon Surface Solutions Ag, Pfäffikon | Coated tool with coating comprising boride-containing diffusion barrier layer |
JP7344540B2 (ja) * | 2019-06-19 | 2023-09-14 | 株式会社Icst | 試験器具および試験方法 |
JP7416328B1 (ja) * | 2022-08-30 | 2024-01-17 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 切削工具 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003039210A (ja) | 2001-08-02 | 2003-02-12 | Mmc Kobelco Tool Kk | 耐摩耗被覆層がすぐれた放熱性を発揮する表面被覆超硬合金製切削工具 |
JP2005271133A (ja) | 2004-03-24 | 2005-10-06 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp | 被覆切削工具 |
JP2005297143A (ja) | 2004-04-13 | 2005-10-27 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp | 表面被覆切削工具 |
JP2005297142A (ja) | 2004-04-13 | 2005-10-27 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp | 表面被覆スローアウェイチップ |
JP2006026783A (ja) | 2004-07-14 | 2006-02-02 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp | 表面被覆切削工具 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003085152A2 (de) * | 2002-04-11 | 2003-10-16 | Cemecon Ag | Beschichteter körper und ein verfahren zur beschichtung eines körpers |
CN100479955C (zh) * | 2003-12-05 | 2009-04-22 | 住友电工硬质合金株式会社 | 表面被覆切削工具 |
JP2005271190A (ja) | 2003-12-05 | 2005-10-06 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp | 表面被覆切削工具 |
JP2005212025A (ja) * | 2004-01-29 | 2005-08-11 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp | 表面被覆工具 |
IL166652A (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2010-11-30 | Sulzer Metaplas Gmbh | Carbon containing hard coating and method for depositing a hard coating onto a substrate |
WO2005099945A1 (ja) | 2004-04-13 | 2005-10-27 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp. | 表面被覆切削工具 |
JP2005297141A (ja) | 2004-04-13 | 2005-10-27 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp | 表面被覆スローアウェイチップ |
JP4753281B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-24 | 2011-08-24 | 株式会社不二越 | 硬質皮膜形成用ターゲット |
EP2069553B1 (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2023-03-08 | Oerlikon Surface Solutions AG, Pfäffikon | Workpiece with hard coating |
JP2009208155A (ja) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-17 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 表面被覆切削工具 |
JP4753144B2 (ja) | 2009-12-21 | 2011-08-24 | 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社 | 表面被覆切削工具 |
US8440328B2 (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2013-05-14 | Kennametal Inc. | Coating for improved wear resistance |
-
2009
- 2009-12-21 JP JP2009288850A patent/JP4753144B2/ja active Active
-
2010
- 2010-12-03 US US13/202,056 patent/US8685531B2/en active Active
- 2010-12-03 CN CN2010800081850A patent/CN102317016B/zh active Active
- 2010-12-03 KR KR1020117018546A patent/KR101079902B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2010-12-03 WO PCT/JP2010/071705 patent/WO2011077929A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2010-12-03 EP EP10839163.2A patent/EP2517810B1/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-08-10 IL IL214594A patent/IL214594A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003039210A (ja) | 2001-08-02 | 2003-02-12 | Mmc Kobelco Tool Kk | 耐摩耗被覆層がすぐれた放熱性を発揮する表面被覆超硬合金製切削工具 |
JP2005271133A (ja) | 2004-03-24 | 2005-10-06 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp | 被覆切削工具 |
JP2005297143A (ja) | 2004-04-13 | 2005-10-27 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp | 表面被覆切削工具 |
JP2005297142A (ja) | 2004-04-13 | 2005-10-27 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp | 表面被覆スローアウェイチップ |
JP2006026783A (ja) | 2004-07-14 | 2006-02-02 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp | 表面被覆切削工具 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
"The Society of Materials Science", 1981, JAPAN, PUBLISHED BY YOKENDO CO., LTD., article "X-Sen Oryoku Sokuteiho (X-ray Stress Measurement Method" |
See also references of EP2517810A4 |
W. KALSS ET AL.: "Modern coatings in high performance cutting applications", INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS, vol. 24, 2006, pages 399 - 404, XP028009772, DOI: doi:10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2005.11.005 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8685531B2 (en) | 2009-12-21 | 2014-04-01 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp. | Surface-coated cutting tool |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2517810A4 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
IL214594A0 (en) | 2011-09-27 |
KR101079902B1 (ko) | 2011-11-04 |
EP2517810A1 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
IL214594A (en) | 2013-11-28 |
CN102317016B (zh) | 2013-08-14 |
US20120009403A1 (en) | 2012-01-12 |
EP2517810B1 (en) | 2013-11-20 |
JP4753144B2 (ja) | 2011-08-24 |
JP2011125985A (ja) | 2011-06-30 |
US8685531B2 (en) | 2014-04-01 |
KR20110102948A (ko) | 2011-09-19 |
CN102317016A (zh) | 2012-01-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5297388B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP5334561B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP5321975B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP5640242B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP5261018B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP4753144B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP5231859B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP4964268B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP4753143B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP4405835B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP5074772B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP4970886B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP5315527B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP5315526B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP5417649B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP5668262B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP5417650B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP5640243B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP2007283478A (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 | |
JP5638669B2 (ja) | 表面被覆切削工具 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 201080008185.0 Country of ref document: CN |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20117018546 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 214594 Country of ref document: IL |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 13202056 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2010839163 Country of ref document: EP |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 10839163 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |