WO2011048234A1 - System for controlling sanitary products - Google Patents
System for controlling sanitary products Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011048234A1 WO2011048234A1 PCT/ES2010/000403 ES2010000403W WO2011048234A1 WO 2011048234 A1 WO2011048234 A1 WO 2011048234A1 ES 2010000403 W ES2010000403 W ES 2010000403W WO 2011048234 A1 WO2011048234 A1 WO 2011048234A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rfid tag
- uhf
- bag
- antennas
- rfid
- Prior art date
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- 239000010836 blood and blood product Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940125691 blood product Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 33
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D11/00—Devices accepting coins; Devices accepting, dispensing, sorting or counting valuable papers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
- G06K19/07773—Antenna details
- G06K19/07786—Antenna details the antenna being of the HF type, such as a dipole
Definitions
- the present invention refers to a control and traceability system for medical devices. More particularly, the present invention relates to an RFID identification system for bags of medical devices.
- identification codes usually reflect information related to the extracted medical device, such as the date of donation, the expiration date of said medical device, laboratory tests and studies carried out or the transfusion center from which said donation proceeds, among other things.
- RFID HF tag technology works in High Frequency, of the English "High Frequency” (HF), which corresponds to a working frequency of 13.56 MHz.
- HF High Frequency
- These RFID HF tags are passive, that is, they do not need to incorporate a battery in the tag, because they get the power they need to function from the field generated by the interrogator or reader of said RFID HF tags.
- the process of reading and writing these RFID HF tags by an RFID HF tag reader is based on the principle of inductive propagation, in which an inductive magnetic coupling of energy occurs between said RFID HF tag reader and said tags RFID HF.
- This phenomenon is possible because the antennas of the RFID HF tag and the RFID HF tag reader respectively communicate with each other by the magnetic component (or magnetic field) of the electromagnetic wave.
- This type of communication by magnetic field between antennas is also called Near Field communication or in English “Near Field” (NF).
- NF Near Field
- the great The advantage of this RFF HF technology is that the magnetic component is little altered by the presence of liquids or metals, which, a priori, is appropriate for working in such environments.
- An example of application of this type of technology is disclosed in EP 1850289 Al for an automated identification system for blood bags used in the work process of blood donation centers and medical institutions. This system uses passive type RFID tags at a working frequency of 13.56 MHz.
- this RFID HF technology does not allow label readings over long distances (at most 0.5 meters) limiting its use in control systems with massive quantities of bags of medical devices.
- the size of the RFF HF antennas which is considerable with respect to the size of the bag, and the arrangement of such labels in the central part of one of the sides of the bag, in many cases leads to reading errors by interference with liquids.
- a system implemented with this technology implies high costs for RFID HF tags and very high costs for RFID HF readers mainly due to its laborious manufacturing process.
- An example of the application of this type of RFID HF technology in sanitary products bags is explained in the F.
- WO 037026724 discloses a system and method of identification of bags of medical devices in which a button-type RFID chip is incorporated in the bottom seam of the bag. Said RFID chip has a circular morphology and is small enough to be incorporated into said seam of the bag.
- this type of RFID chip being too small in size, does not allow readings at far distances necessary for stock control.
- the HF frequency range would not allow readings at far distances and, in the case of an RFID UHF chip, the antenna would be so inefficient that it would only allow readings at short distances. In either case, it does not allow a distant reading in batch or its placement allows an operational search in a bag storage.
- the present invention discloses a control system for bags of medical devices comprising at least one bag of a medical device having a passive type RFID tag and at least one reading station for RFID tags characterized in that said tag is a passive type UHF RFID tag, which comprises a Near Field communication element and another Far Field communication element.
- a passive type UHF RFID tag capable of establishing communications by magnetic field and electric field
- an optimal and improved system capable of establishing communications for any type of environment is achieved by improving the cost and scope of RFID tags and readers UHF
- Said passive type UHF RFID tag comprises a central part in the form of a spiral as a Near Field communication element, an integrated circuit connected to said spiral and a dipole as a Far Field communication element formed by two elongated conductive elements located on both sides of said turn.
- This type of specific design of the UHF RFID tag allows it to work in both Near Field (magnetic field) and Far Field (electric field). Said design also allows its dimensions to be reduced and its shape to be elongated, allowing at the same time its efficient and optimized placement in the medical device bag in order to minimize contact or interference with the liquids contained within said medical product bag.
- said UHF RFID tag is attached to a laminar element which in turn is attached to said bag of medical device.
- said passive-type UHF RFID tag is placed at the top, closest to the entrance duct of said bag, of the inner face of said laminar element and in perpendicular arrangement to the direction of said entry duct of said bag of a medical device.
- This preferred placement of the UHF RFID tag makes it possible to considerably minimize the possible contact of the UHF RFID tag with the liquids contained in the bag, thus minimizing possible interference of the radio frequency signal between the tag and the reader.
- said laminar element has a self-adhesive face, which contains said UHF RFID tag attached to a top part, which joins said bag of medical devices and an opposite face to said self-adhesive face that contains at least one automated visual code.
- said face containing at least one automated visual code has at least one self-adhesive laminar element attached thereon containing at least one automated visual code.
- the passive type UHF RFID tag is inserted in the perimeter seam of said medical device bag.
- said RFID UHF tag is inserted in a side seam parallel to the inlet direction of the inlet duct of said bag, in vertical arrangement parallel to said inlet duct.
- a passive-type UHF RFID tag reader station comprises at least two UHF RFID antennas arranged between them so that each forms an angle between 45 and 90 degrees with another.
- said UHF RFID antennas are arranged forming an angle between 80 and 85 degrees.
- said UHF RFID tag reading antennas are configured so that one antenna acts as a transmitter while the other acts as a receiver.
- said passive type UHF RFID tag reading antennas are circular polarization antennas.
- a reading station of said UHF RFID tags comprises a plurality of UHF RFID tag reading antennas, of which half are arranged at the top of a chamber access door and the other half are arranged in the side part closest to the lock of said access door to a camera.
- a first antenna of said plurality of UHF RFID tag reading antennas acts as a transmitter and the remaining antennas as a receiver for a certain period of time.
- the reading station alternates the antenna that acts as a transmitter between the plurality of antennas over time.
- said UHF RFID tag reader station is in contact or in a very close arrangement with said UHF RFID tag and emits a radio frequency signal strength at least 1/4 of the maximum. In this way, it manages to avoid heating the medical device bag together with a timer that turns off the readers when not in use.
- An example of this embodiment is found at the time of updating data of a UHF RFID tag attached to a blood bag, when the content of said blood bag is modified or transformed. Another example of realization is at the time of issuing blood bags.
- said UHF RFID tag reader station is in a distant arrangement in an access door to an installation and comprises a plurality of antennas that radiate in the form of a sweep, so that there is always a reading antenna acting as a transmitter for a given period. and the rest of the antennas simply act as receivers. In this way, communication between the label and the reader is achieved by Far Field.
- An application of this embodiment is at the time of making massive plasma bag readings (approximately 70 bags per box) in the management of the stock of plasma bags.
- the system comprises a mobile type UHF RFID tag reader station that incorporates a reception power intensity measurement system and a user acoustic warning device, which allows us to locate the sanitary product bags.
- Figure 1 shows a diagram of a laminar element containing a passive type UHF RFID tag belonging to a system according to the invention.
- Figure 2 shows a diagram of a sanitary product bag presenting a laminar element attached to it of the type shown in Figure 1 belonging to a system according to the invention.
- Figure 3 shows a diagram of a sanitary product bag of the type shown in Figure 2 containing a laminar element adhered thereto belonging to a system according to the invention.
- Figure 4 shows a diagram of a sanitary product bag presenting a passive type UHF RFID tag inserted in a side seam of said bag.
- Figure 5 shows different elements of a system according to the present invention.
- FIG 1 shows a preferred embodiment of an RFID tag UHF -2- according to the present invention.
- Said RFID tag UHF -2- has an elongated rectangular shape and reduced dimensions so that it can be placed both on the upper part of the inner face -11- of a laminar element -1- and on the seam -8- of the edge of a bag -3- of medical device (figure 4).
- a preferred embodiment of said RFID tag UHF -2- comprises a central part in the form of a turn -22-, an integrated circuit -21- connected to said turn -22- and a dipole formed by two elements -23-, -24- elongated conductors located on both sides of said loop -22-.
- the loop -22- is the element responsible for generating an electric current in said RFID tag UHF -2- in the event that there is a flux variation of a magnetic field in the time close to said loop -22-. Said electric current is used to feed said RFID tag UHF -2- in order to perform data read or write operations in the memory of the integrated circuit -21-.
- This type of magnetic field communication also called Near Field communication, is only achievable if the distance between the reader (-5-, -6-, -71- and -72-) of RFID tags
- D is the maximum antenna dimension and ⁇ is the wavelength of the radio frequency signal.
- ⁇ is the wavelength of the radio frequency signal.
- the dimensions of the HF loop must be approximately of an order of magnitude greater than the dimensions of the UHF loop. This implies obtaining UHF RFID tags with an area approximately two orders of magnitude smaller than RFF HF tags.
- the manufacturing cost of the UHF turn is three or four times less than that of a HF exhale.
- the dipole formed by two elements -23-, -24- elongated conductors is the element responsible for generating an electric current in said RFID tag UHF -2- in the case of receiving an electric field. Said electric current is also used to feed said RFID tag UHF -2- in order to perform data read or write operations in the memory of the integrated circuit -21-.
- This type of communication by electric field also called Far Field communication, is only possible if the distance between the reader (-5-, -6-, -71- and -72-) of RFID tags
- D is the maximum antenna dimension and A is the wavelength of the radio frequency signal. This range radius allows optimal and effective communication over long distances compared to RFID HF technology.
- the integrated circuit -21- is the element responsible for managing the reading and writing of data by the reader (-5-, -6-, -71- and -72-) of RFID tags UHF -2-, once this The elements of said RFID UHD -2- tag have been communicated by magnetic field or by electric field.
- Figure 2 shows a first preferred embodiment of a bag -3- of medical device in the which adheres on one of its faces a laminar element -1-.
- Said laminar element -1- adheres to said pouch -3- of medical device on the self-adhesive side -11- comprising said RFID tag UHF -2-, so that said RFID tag UHF -2- is arranged perpendicularly and as much as close as possible to the inlet direction of the inlet duct of said medical device bag -3-.
- the opposite side -12- to the internal self-adhesive face -11- comprising said RFID tag UHF -2- comprises at least one automated visual code -13-, such as for example a linear bar code (bar codes), a two-dimensional code (PDF or other codes), a matrix code, etc. You can also use, for example, a set of codes according to the American standard ISBT128 comprising 4 barcodes.
- These automated visual codes -13- can serve, for example, to identify blood bags in blood banks and control information such as blood type or donor's name among other things.
- said RFID tag UHF -2- comprises the same digitized information as in said automated visual codes -13-, trying to increase the existing functionalities.
- Figure 3 shows a first preferred embodiment of a bag -3- of medical device such as that shown in Figure 2 in which at least one laminar element -4- adheres at least one laminar element -4- containing at least one code automated visual -43-, such as a linear bar code (bar codes), a two-dimensional code (PDF or other codes), a matrix code, etc.
- code automated visual -43- such as a linear bar code (bar codes), a two-dimensional code (PDF or other codes), a matrix code, etc.
- the content of the bag -3- through a new laminar element -4- which includes the information contained in the medical device bag at this time.
- said RFID tag UHF -2- is able to update the information of the new medical device of the bag -3- maintaining at all times an exhaustive control of the medical device that comprises the bag -3-.
- Figure 4 shows a second preferred embodiment of a sanitary product bag -3- in which the passive-type RFID tag UHF -2- is inserted into a side seam -8- of said bag -3- in an arrangement parallel to the inlet duct of said bag -3-.
- the insertion of the RFID tag UHF -2- into one of the side seams -8- of the bag -3- is carried out, for example, during the process of sealing the sheets that make up the bag -3-.
- the sanitary product bag -3- also comprises a laminar element -1- adhered to one of the faces of the sanitary product bag -3-.
- Said laminar element -1- also comprises at least one automated visual code -13-, such as for example a linear bar code (bar codes) or a two-dimensional code, among others, with the information of the medical device it contains the bag -3-.
- the RFID tag UHF -2- inserted in one of the seams of the bag -3- comprises the same digitized information as in said automated visual codes -13-, trying to increase the existing functionalities.
- a new laminar element (not shown) is added which comprises the information of the new Sanitary product and in parallel, the information of the new sanitary product of the bag -3- is updated in said RFID tag UHF -2-, maintaining at all times an exhaustive control of the sanitary product comprising the bag -3-.
- Figure 5 shows a sanitary product bag -3-, a mobile reading station -5- of RFID UHF tags and a fixed reading station -6- composed of two reading antennas -61-, -62- of RFID UHF tags. Additionally, Figure 5 shows a preferred embodiment of a typical location of a fixed RFID UHF tag reader station, comprising 4 reading antennas -71-, -72-, -73-, -74-.
- the medical product bag -3- of Figure 5 is of the type shown in Figure 2 and comprises a laminar element -1- adhered thereto.
- Said laminar element -1- comprises on its internal self-adhesive face -11- an RFID tag UHF -2- so that said RFID tag UHF -2- is arranged perpendicularly and as close as possible to the direction of the entrance duct of said bag of medical device -3-.
- Said RFID tag UHF -2- is of the type shown in Figure 1 and therefore allows communications both by Near Field and Far Field. This spatial arrangement of the -2-RFID UHF label in said medical product bag -3- allows to avoid interference caused by the liquids contained in sanitary product bags, such as red blood cell bags.
- This type of sanitary product bags are usually stored in an upright position inside a transport box.
- This vertical storage arrangement causes the liquid contained in said bags to precipitate from the highest part of the bag, where the -2- RFID UHF tag is located, to the lowest part of said bag.
- the elongated typology of the UHF RFID tags object of the present invention allows a horizontal arrangement thereof to avoid interference with the liquid.
- placing said labels -2- RFID UHD in the highest part and closest to the inlet duct of said bags -3- of medical devices allows eliminating a possible direct interference between the liquid of said bags -3- and said tags -2- RFID UHF.
- the mobile reader station -5- of RFID UHF tags allows to communicate with a RFID tag UHF -2- by Far Field, that is, by the electrical component of the electromagnetic wave.
- said mobile reader station -5- emits at the maximum power intensity (200mW) so that the radio frequency signal can be received by said RFID tag UHF -2-, due to the distance between the mobile reader station -5 - and said RFID tag UHF -2-.
- Said RFID tag UHF -2- being able to communicate both by Near Field and Far Field, will be able to maintain a communication by Far Field with said mobile reading station -5- thanks to the dipole formed by two elements -23-, -24 - elongated conductors of said RFID tag UHF -2-.
- An important variable when establishing optimal and efficient communication between said RFID UHF -2 tags and a reading station of said RFID UHF tags is the choice of the type of polarization that the interrogation antenna has to have.
- the polarization of an antenna refers to the way in which the radio frequency electromagnetic wave is transmitted. There are 3 types of polarization: linear, circular and elliptical.
- the RFID tags UHF -2- are linearly polarized so that the electric field component of the radio frequency signal propagates in a single plane.
- a disadvantage when choosing a reading station with linearly polarized antennas is that both elements (reading station and UHF RFID tag) must be arranged coplanarly to achieve optimal communication.
- the interrogation antennas of the reading station are circularly polarized. That is, the electric field component of the electromagnetic signal rotates (clockwise or counterclockwise) while propagating away from the interrogation antenna of the reading station.
- a clear advantage of this type of polarization is that the orientation of the RFID tag is no longer important for the interrogation antenna and this is capable of establishing optimal communication with said RFID UHF tag.
- the mobile reader station -5- is circularly polarized.
- said mobile reading station -5- of RFID UHF tags incorporates a reception power intensity measurement system to be able to know at all times what power intensity said reading station is transmitting to one or several bags of sanitary products and the intensity received by RFID UHF -2- tags, being able to calculate how far and where the bags are.
- said Mobile reader station -5- of RFID tags UHF comprises a warning device, such as an acoustic device for example, to indicate to the user the proximity of a medical device bag according to the measurement of the transmission power intensity. This allows to locate specific blood bags within a mass storage.
- the fixed reading station -6- is composed of two reading antennas -61-, -62- of RFID tags UHF -2- arranged at a 90 degree angle between them. This arrangement allows said fixed reading station -6- to efficiently use the range of the electromagnetic signal when transmitting or receiving a radio frequency signal.
- the reading antennas -61-, -62- of RFID tags UHF -2- are configured so that one antenna acts as a transmitter, that is, it emits an electromagnetic signal to activate the RFID tag UHF -2-, while the other antenna It acts as a receiver receiving any possible response of said RFID UHF -2- tag, said fixed reading station -6- allows to communicate with an RFID UHF -2- tag both by Far Field, that is to say by the electrical component of the electromagnetic wave, as by Near Field by the magnetic component of the electromagnetic wave.
- an example of application of this embodiment is at the time of labeling a blood bag for the first time.
- the radiation power level of the reading antennas must be at least 1/4 of the maximum (in this case the maximum is of the antenna is 1.6 W) which is equivalent to having an attenuation of 6 dB of the maximum radiation power level, to prevent the radiation of the radiofrequency wave from raising the temperature of the liquid contents of the bags.
- sensors are used to know at all times if said reading station is in operation or not, limiting the time of use of said reading station.
- the use of said RFID tag UHF -2- in both the Near and Far Field allows us to monitor different products of different controlled temperatures.
- Another example of radiation application that combines a Near Field communication and a Far Field communication is at the moment of updating (when the content of said blood bag is modified or transformed) of data from a UHF RFID tag attached to a blood bag.
- the antenna layout is the same and the radiation power levels too. Even so, because there is more than one bag on top of the L-structure and that these bags can be on top of each other, it is necessary to use both magnetic and electrical coupling communication (by Near Field and Far Field respectively ) to activate RFID tags UHF -2-.
- Figure 5 shows a preferred embodiment of a typical location of a fixed reading station composed of four reading antennas (-71-, -72-, -73-, -74-) of RFID tags UHF -2-, of which two (-71-, -72-) are arranged in the upper part of an access door to a chamber and two (-73-, -74-) are arranged in the lateral part closest to the lock of said access door to a camera.
- Said fixed reading antennas -71-, -72-, -73-, -74- are capable of establishing a communication with RFID UHF -2- tags by Far Field, that is to say by the electrical component of the wave electromagnetic
- the radiation of the antennas is carried out in the form of a sweep, so that there is always a reading antenna acting as a transmitter at a given time, while the rest of the antennas simply act as receivers.
- the antenna -71- acts as a transmitter by emitting a radio frequency signal for a time interval ti while the rest of the antennas (-72-, -73-, -74-) simply act as receiving
- the antenna -71- that was emitting happens to listen together with the antennas -73- and -74- and the antenna -72- begins to emit during a second time interval t 2 .
- the antenna -72- that acted as a transmitter becomes the receiver together with the antennas -71- and -74- and the antenna -73- begins to emit during a third time interval t 3 .
- the antenna -73- that acted as the transmitter becomes the receiver together with the antennas -71- and -72- and the antenna -74- begins to emit during a fourth time interval t 4 .
- the scanning sequence starts again, so the antenna -74- that acted as the transmitter becomes the receiver together with the antennas -72- and -73- and the antenna -71 - reissues for a period of time you.
- This arrangement allows, for example, to control the plasma stock stored in the plasmateca. It is a feature in blood banks that does not exist to date and is very useful for managing the massive amounts of plasma stored. Being arranged in this way, the fixed reading antennas -71-, -72-, -73-, -74- allow to read large quantities of plasma bags and thus be able to manage the real stock of bags at any time, controlling the time that the bags are outside and inside the refrigerated chamber between many other things. Likewise, such an arrangement of two antennas above the door and two antennas next to the door allow to read large quantities of plasma bags arranged in transport carts with two floors.
- the level of radiation power emitted by the reading antennas depends on the state of the plasmateca access door thanks to a sensor that lets you know if The door is closed or if it is otherwise open. If the sensor indicates that the plasmateca door is closed, then the antennas radiate in the form of a sweep, as explained above, at maximum power (1.6 W), that is, with an attenuation of 0 dB for each antenna. If, on the contrary, the sensor indicates that the door is open, then these antennas continue to radiate in the form of a sweep but with different attenuations depending on the antenna.
- the upper left antenna (-71-) radiates with an attenuation of 7 dB
- the upper right antenna radiates with an attenuation of 6 dB
- the upper lateral antenna radiates with an attenuation of 4 dB
- the lower lateral antenna radiates with an attenuation of 3 dB
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
Abstract
The system comprises at least one bag of a blood product, to which a laminar element comprising a passive UHF RFID tag is stuck, and at least one passive UHF RFID tag reading station.
Description
SISTEMA DE CONTROL DE PRODUCTOS SANITARIOS SYSTEM OF CONTROL OF SANITARY PRODUCTS
DESCRIPCIÓN DESCRIPTION
La presente invención hace referencia a un sistema de control y de trazabilidad de productos sanitarios. Más en particular, la presente invención se refiere a un sistema de identificación por RFID de bolsas de productos sanitarios. The present invention refers to a control and traceability system for medical devices. More particularly, the present invention relates to an RFID identification system for bags of medical devices.
Actualmente, en los bancos de sangre, existen sistemas de seguimiento y de control de bolsas de productos sanitarios basados en sistemas de identificación automática, tales como los códigos lineales (códigos de barras) o los códigos de dos dimensiones (códigos PDF u otros) . Ambos tipos de códigos se imprimen en etiquetas que se adhieren en una de las caras de las bolsas de productos sanitarios. Dichos códigos de identificación suelen reflejar información relativa al producto sanitario extraído, tal como la fecha de realización de la donación, la fecha de caducidad de dicho producto sanitario, los análisis y estudios de laboratorio realizados o el centro de transfusión desde donde procede dicha donación, entre otras cosas. No obstante, estos sistemas de identificación automática presentan algunas desventajas, como por ejemplo, la escasa cantidad de datos que pueden almacenar, la necesidad de disponer, para la lectura del código de barras o PDF, de una visión directa y de una distancia muy reducida entre el aparato lector de códigos de barras o PDF y la etiqueta conteniendo dicho código de barras o PDF, la imposibilidad de realizar lecturas masivas y a altas velocidades de lectura o la imposibilidad de ser reprogramados , entre otras cosas.
Con la aparición de sistemas basados en la emisión de señales de radiofrecuencia, como por ejemplo la tecnología de identificación automática por radiofrecuencia o RFID, se ha dado a conocer diversas realizaciones relacionadas tanto con el etiquetado de medicamentos para una mejor gestión de los mismos y evitar falsificaciones, como con el etiquetado de personal tanto del profesional sanitario como de los propios pacientes. Currently, in blood banks, there are systems for monitoring and controlling bags of medical devices based on automatic identification systems, such as linear codes (bar codes) or two-dimensional codes (PDF codes or others). Both types of codes are printed on labels that adhere to one side of the bags of medical devices. These identification codes usually reflect information related to the extracted medical device, such as the date of donation, the expiration date of said medical device, laboratory tests and studies carried out or the transfusion center from which said donation proceeds, among other things. However, these automatic identification systems have some disadvantages, such as the small amount of data they can store, the need to have a direct view and a very short distance for reading the barcode or PDF between the barcode or PDF reader apparatus and the label containing said barcode or PDF, the inability to perform mass readings and high reading speeds or the inability to be reprogrammed, among other things. With the emergence of systems based on the emission of radiofrequency signals, such as automatic radio frequency or RFID identification technology, various embodiments related to the labeling of medicines for better management of them and avoid them have been disclosed forgeries, as with the labeling of staff of both the healthcare professional and the patients themselves.
La evolución de la tecnología RFID ha permitido que en estos últimos años se haya podido realizar estudios y pruebas piloto de sistemas de control para bolsas de productos sanitarios utilizando la tecnología RFID HF. Dicha tecnología de etiquetas RFID HF trabaja en Alta Frecuencia, del inglés "High Frequency" (HF) , que corresponde a una frecuencia de trabajo de 13,56 MHz. Dichas etiquetas RFID HF son de tipo pasivo, es decir, que no necesitan incorporar una batería en la etiqueta, pues obtienen la potencia que necesitan para funcionar del campo generado por el interrogador o lector de dichas etiquetas RFID HF. El proceso de lectura y escritura de estas etiquetas RFID HF por parte de un lector de etiquetas RFID HF está basado en el principio de propagación inductiva, en el cual se produce un acoplamiento inductivo magnético de energía entre dicho lector de etiquetas RFID HF y dichas etiquetas RFID HF. Este fenómeno es posible debido a que las antenas de la etiqueta RFID HF y del lector de etiquetas RFID HF respectivamente se comunican entre sí mediante la componente magnética (o campo magnético) de la onda electromagnética. Este tipo de comunicación por campo magnético entre antenas también se denomina comunicación por Campo Cercano o en inglés "Near Field" (NF) . La gran
ventaja de esta tecnología RFID HF consiste en que la componente magnética se ve poco alterada por la presencia de líquidos o metales con lo que, a priori, resulta apropiada para trabajar en dichos entornos. Un ejemplo de aplicación de este tipo de tecnología se da a conocer en el documento EP 1850289 Al para un sistema de identificación automatizada para bolsas de sangre utilizadas en el proceso de trabajo de centros de donación de sangre e instituciones médicas. Dicho sistema utiliza etiquetas RFID de tipo pasivo a una frecuencia de trabajo de 13.56 MHz . The evolution of RFID technology has allowed in recent years it has been possible to conduct studies and pilot tests of control systems for bags of medical devices using RFID HF technology. This RFID HF tag technology works in High Frequency, of the English "High Frequency" (HF), which corresponds to a working frequency of 13.56 MHz. These RFID HF tags are passive, that is, they do not need to incorporate a battery in the tag, because they get the power they need to function from the field generated by the interrogator or reader of said RFID HF tags. The process of reading and writing these RFID HF tags by an RFID HF tag reader is based on the principle of inductive propagation, in which an inductive magnetic coupling of energy occurs between said RFID HF tag reader and said tags RFID HF. This phenomenon is possible because the antennas of the RFID HF tag and the RFID HF tag reader respectively communicate with each other by the magnetic component (or magnetic field) of the electromagnetic wave. This type of communication by magnetic field between antennas is also called Near Field communication or in English "Near Field" (NF). The great The advantage of this RFF HF technology is that the magnetic component is little altered by the presence of liquids or metals, which, a priori, is appropriate for working in such environments. An example of application of this type of technology is disclosed in EP 1850289 Al for an automated identification system for blood bags used in the work process of blood donation centers and medical institutions. This system uses passive type RFID tags at a working frequency of 13.56 MHz.
No obstante, esta tecnología RFID HF no permite lecturas de etiquetas a grandes distancias (como mucho a 0.5 metros) limitando su utilización en sistemas de control con cantidades masivas de bolsas de productos sanitarios. Generalmente, el tamaño de las antenas RFID HF, que es considerable con respecto al tamaño de la bolsa, y la disposición de este tipo de etiquetas en la parte central de una de las caras de la bolsa, en muchos casos induce a errores de lectura por interferencia con líquidos. Además un sistema implementado con esta tecnología implica unos costes altos para las etiquetas RFID HF y muy altos para los lectores RFID HF debido principalmente a su laborioso proceso de fabricación. Un ejemplo de aplicación de este tipo de tecnología RFID HF en bolsas de productos sanitarios se explica en el documento de F. Bidet titulado "RFID Experience of a blood bag manufacturer", Bracknell, 12th March 2008, donde se describe un sistema de control y de trazabilidad de productos sanitarios utilizando etiquetas RFID HF. No obstante, se puede observar como en este caso la etiqueta RFID HF requiere una espira grande para obtener un alcance
operativo, aunque corto. La gran dimensión de la espira no evita por completo la interferencia causada por los líquidos de la bolsa. Adicionalmente, el tamaño de la etiqueta provoca la aparición de errores de lectura de la etiqueta RDIF HF debido a la aparición de defectos en las etiquetas RFID HF durante la manipulación de la bolsa (centrifugación, doblado, etc.) However, this RFID HF technology does not allow label readings over long distances (at most 0.5 meters) limiting its use in control systems with massive quantities of bags of medical devices. Generally, the size of the RFF HF antennas, which is considerable with respect to the size of the bag, and the arrangement of such labels in the central part of one of the sides of the bag, in many cases leads to reading errors by interference with liquids. In addition, a system implemented with this technology implies high costs for RFID HF tags and very high costs for RFID HF readers mainly due to its laborious manufacturing process. An example of the application of this type of RFID HF technology in sanitary products bags is explained in the F. Bidet document entitled "RFID Experience of a blood bag manufacturer", Bracknell, 12th March 2008, which describes a control system and of traceability of medical devices using RFID HF tags. However, it can be seen how in this case the RFID HF tag requires a large turn to obtain a range operational, although short. The large size of the loop does not completely prevent interference caused by the liquids in the bag. Additionally, the size of the tag causes the appearance of RDIF HF tag errors due to the appearance of defects in the RFID HF tags during bag manipulation (centrifugation, folding, etc.)
Debido a este inconveniente, se ha dado a conocer a través del documento JP2006277524 (A) un método de aplicación de una etiqueta RFID a una bolsa de producto sanitario, en el cual dicha etiqueta RFID está dispuesta perpendicularmente a una de las caras de dicha bolsa de producto sanitario. Dicha etiqueta RFID está colocada de manera que existe una ligera separación entre los elementos que forman parte de la antena de dicha etiqueta RFID y la bolsa de producto sanitario. Dicha colocación evita el contacto entre la etiqueta RFID y la bolsa de producto sanitario impidiendo la absorción de las ondas electromagnéticas de la señal de radiofrecuencia por el contenido líquido de dicha bolsa de producto sanitario. No obstante, este método de aplicación de etiquetas RFID no es eficiente para aplicaciones de control en bancos de sangre, donde las bolsas de productos sanitarios suelen almacenarse con untamente unas encima de las otras en un mismo compartimiento, por cuanto el contacto entre etiquetas RFID de distintas bolsas de productos sanitarios podría anular el correcto funcionamiento de dichas etiquetas RFID. Due to this drawback, a method of applying an RFID tag to a medical device bag, in which said RFID tag is arranged perpendicularly to one of the faces of said bag, has been disclosed through document JP2006277524 (A) of sanitary product. Said RFID tag is positioned so that there is a slight separation between the elements that are part of the antenna of said RFID tag and the medical device bag. Such placement prevents contact between the RFID tag and the medical device bag preventing the absorption of electromagnetic waves from the radio frequency signal by the liquid content of said medical device bag. However, this method of applying RFID tags is not efficient for control applications in blood banks, where bags of medical devices are usually stored with only one another in the same compartment, because the contact between RFID tags of Different bags of medical devices could void the proper functioning of such RFID tags.
Existe otro tipo de etiquetas RFID que trabaja a Frecuencia Ultra Alta (rango de frecuencias entre 840 y 960 MHz), en inglés "Ultra High Frequency" (UHF) . Antiguamente este tipo de etiquetas RFID UHF se basaba en
el concepto de comunicación por Campo Lejano o en inglés "Far Field" (FF), es decir, en el uso de la componente eléctrica (o campo eléctrico) de la onda electromagnética para la comunicación entre la etiqueta RFID UHF y el lector de etiquetas RFID UHF. Este tipo de etiquetas RFID UHF FF (en inglés "Far-Field UHF RFID") resuelve perfectamente los distintos casos de etiquetado a nivel de caja y palet. Sin embargo, debido a que el campo eléctrico de una onda electromagnética tiende a ser absorbido por los líquidos, el estado de la técnica actual considera que la tecnología RFID UHF FF no es una técnica adecuada para su uso en el sector farmacéutico y sobretodo para sistemas de control de bolsas de productos sanitarios. There is another type of RFID tags that work at Ultra High Frequency (frequency range between 840 and 960 MHz), in English "Ultra High Frequency" (UHF). Formerly this type of UHF RFID tags was based on the concept of Far Field or FF communication in English, that is, in the use of the electrical component (or electric field) of the electromagnetic wave for communication between the RFID UHF tag and the tag reader RFID UHF. This type of RFID UHF FF tags (in English "Far-Field UHF RFID") perfectly solves the different cases of labeling at the box and pallet level. However, because the electric field of an electromagnetic wave tends to be absorbed by liquids, the current state of the art considers that RFID UHF FF technology is not a suitable technique for use in the pharmaceutical sector and especially for systems of control of bags of sanitary products.
Un ejemplo de este tipo de sistemas de control es el documento WO 037026724 Al que da a conocer un sistema y método de identificación de bolsas de productos sanitarios en el que se incorpora un chip RFID de tipo botón en la costura inferior de la bolsa. Dicho chip RFID tiene una morfología circular y es lo suficientemente pequeño para ir incorporado en dicha costura de la bolsa. Sin embargo, este tipo de chip RFID, al ser de dimensiones demasiado pequeñas, no permite realizar lecturas a distancias lejanas necesarias para el control de stocks. En caso de ser un chip RFID HF, el rango de frecuencias HF no permitiría realizar lecturas a distancias lejanas y, en caso de ser un chip RFID UHF, la antena sería tan ineficiente que únicamente permitiría realizar lecturas a distancias cortas. En cualquiera de los dos casos, no permite una lectura lejana en lote ni su colocación permite una búsqueda operativa en un almacenamiento de bolsas .
Con el objetivo de superar los problemas mencionados anteriormente, la presente invención da a conocer un sistema de control de bolsas de productos sanitarios que comprende al menos una bolsa de un producto sanitario que presenta una etiqueta RFID de tipo pasivo y al menos una estación lectora de etiquetas RFID caracterizado porque dicha etiqueta es una etiqueta RFID UHF de tipo pasivo, que comprende un elemento de comunicación por Campo Cercano y otro elemento de comunicación por Campo Lejano,. De esta manera, al utilizar una etiqueta RFID UHF capacitada para establecer comunicaciones por campo magnético y por campo eléctrico, se consigue un sistema óptimo y mejorado capaz de establecer comunicaciones para cualquier tipo de entorno mejorando el coste y el alcance de las etiquetas y lectores RFID UHF. An example of this type of control system is WO 037026724, which discloses a system and method of identification of bags of medical devices in which a button-type RFID chip is incorporated in the bottom seam of the bag. Said RFID chip has a circular morphology and is small enough to be incorporated into said seam of the bag. However, this type of RFID chip, being too small in size, does not allow readings at far distances necessary for stock control. In the case of an RFF HF chip, the HF frequency range would not allow readings at far distances and, in the case of an RFID UHF chip, the antenna would be so inefficient that it would only allow readings at short distances. In either case, it does not allow a distant reading in batch or its placement allows an operational search in a bag storage. With the aim of overcoming the aforementioned problems, the present invention discloses a control system for bags of medical devices comprising at least one bag of a medical device having a passive type RFID tag and at least one reading station for RFID tags characterized in that said tag is a passive type UHF RFID tag, which comprises a Near Field communication element and another Far Field communication element. In this way, by using a UHF RFID tag capable of establishing communications by magnetic field and electric field, an optimal and improved system capable of establishing communications for any type of environment is achieved by improving the cost and scope of RFID tags and readers UHF
Dicha etiqueta RFID UHF de tipo pasivo comprende una parte central en forma de espira como elemento de comunicación por Campo Cercano, un circuito integrado conectado a dicha espira y un dipolo como elemento de comunicación por Campo Lejano formado por dos elementos conductores alargados situados a ambos lados de dicha espira. Este tipo de diseño especifico de la etiqueta RFID UHF permite que ésta pueda trabajar tanto en Campo Cercano (campo magnético) como en Campo Lejano (campo eléctrico) . Dicho diseño también permite que sus dimensiones sean reducidas y que su forma sea alargada, permitiendo a su vez su colocación eficiente y optimizada en la bolsa de producto sanitario de cara a minimizar el contacto o interferencia con los líquidos contenidos dentro de dicha bolsa de producto sanitario.
Preferentemente, dicha etiqueta RFID UHF está adherida a un elemento laminar que a su vez está adherido a dicha bolsa de producto sanitario. Más Preferentemente, dicha etiqueta RFID UHF de tipo pasivo está colocada en la parte superior, más cercana al conducto de entrada de dicha bolsa, de la cara interna de dicho elemento laminar y en disposición perpendicular a la dirección de dicho conducto de entrada de dicha bolsa de un producto sanitario. Esta colocación preferente de la etiqueta RFID UHF permite minimizar considerablemente el posible contacto de la etiqueta RFID UHF con los líquidos contenidos dentro de la bolsa, minimizando así una posible interferencia de la señal de radiofrecuencia entre la etiqueta y el lector. Said passive type UHF RFID tag comprises a central part in the form of a spiral as a Near Field communication element, an integrated circuit connected to said spiral and a dipole as a Far Field communication element formed by two elongated conductive elements located on both sides of said turn. This type of specific design of the UHF RFID tag allows it to work in both Near Field (magnetic field) and Far Field (electric field). Said design also allows its dimensions to be reduced and its shape to be elongated, allowing at the same time its efficient and optimized placement in the medical device bag in order to minimize contact or interference with the liquids contained within said medical product bag. . Preferably, said UHF RFID tag is attached to a laminar element which in turn is attached to said bag of medical device. More preferably, said passive-type UHF RFID tag is placed at the top, closest to the entrance duct of said bag, of the inner face of said laminar element and in perpendicular arrangement to the direction of said entry duct of said bag of a medical device. This preferred placement of the UHF RFID tag makes it possible to considerably minimize the possible contact of the UHF RFID tag with the liquids contained in the bag, thus minimizing possible interference of the radio frequency signal between the tag and the reader.
Preferentemente, dicho elemento laminar presenta una cara autoadhesiva, que contiene dicha etiqueta RFID UHF adherida en una parte superior, que se une a dicha bolsa de productos sanitarios y una cara opuesta a dicha cara autoadhesiva que contiene al menos un código visual automatizado. Aún más preferentemente, dicha cara que contiene al menos un código visual automatizado presenta al menos un elemento laminar autoadhesivo pegado encima que contiene al menos un código visual automatizado. Preferably, said laminar element has a self-adhesive face, which contains said UHF RFID tag attached to a top part, which joins said bag of medical devices and an opposite face to said self-adhesive face that contains at least one automated visual code. Even more preferably, said face containing at least one automated visual code has at least one self-adhesive laminar element attached thereon containing at least one automated visual code.
En otra realización preferente de la invención, la etiqueta RFID UHF de tipo pasivo está insertada en la costura perimetral de dicha bolsa de producto sanitario. Preferentemente, dicha etiqueta RFID UHF está insertada en una costura lateral paralela a la dirección de entrada del conducto de entrada de dicha bolsa, en disposición vertical paralela a dicho conducto de entrada. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the passive type UHF RFID tag is inserted in the perimeter seam of said medical device bag. Preferably, said RFID UHF tag is inserted in a side seam parallel to the inlet direction of the inlet duct of said bag, in vertical arrangement parallel to said inlet duct.
Preferentemente, una estación lectora de etiquetas RFID UHF de tipo pasivo comprende al menos dos
antenas RFID UHF dispuestas entre ellas de manera que cada una forma un ángulo entre 45 y 90 grados con otra. Preferably, a passive-type UHF RFID tag reader station comprises at least two UHF RFID antennas arranged between them so that each forms an angle between 45 and 90 degrees with another.
Más preferentemente, dichas antenas RFID UHF están dispuestas formando entre si un ángulo entre 80 y 85 grados . More preferably, said UHF RFID antennas are arranged forming an angle between 80 and 85 degrees.
Preferentemente, dichas antenas lectoras de etiquetas RFID UHF están configuradas de manera que una antena actúa como transmisora mientras que la otra actúa como receptora. Preferably, said UHF RFID tag reading antennas are configured so that one antenna acts as a transmitter while the other acts as a receiver.
Preferentemente, dichas antenas lectoras de etiquetas RFID UHF de tipo pasivo son antenas de polarización circular. Preferably, said passive type UHF RFID tag reading antennas are circular polarization antennas.
En una posible realización preferente, una estación lectora de dichas etiquetas RFID UHF comprende una pluralidad de antenas lectoras de etiquetas RFID UHF, de las cuales la mitad están dispuestas en la parte superior de una puerta de acceso a una cámara y la otra mitad están dispuestas en la parte lateral más cercana a la cerradura de dicha puerta de acceso a una cámara. In a possible preferred embodiment, a reading station of said UHF RFID tags comprises a plurality of UHF RFID tag reading antennas, of which half are arranged at the top of a chamber access door and the other half are arranged in the side part closest to the lock of said access door to a camera.
En una posible realización preferente, una primera antena de dicha pluralidad de antenas lectoras de etiquetas RFID UHF actúa como transmisor y el resto de antenas como receptor durante un periodo de tiempo determinado . In a possible preferred embodiment, a first antenna of said plurality of UHF RFID tag reading antennas acts as a transmitter and the remaining antennas as a receiver for a certain period of time.
Preferentemente, la estación lectora alterna la antena que actúa como transmisor entre la pluralidad de antenas a lo largo del tiempo. Preferably, the reading station alternates the antenna that acts as a transmitter between the plurality of antennas over time.
Preferentemente, dicha estación lectora de etiquetas RFID UHF está en contacto o en una disposición muy cercana con dicha etiqueta RFID UHF y emite una intensidad de potencia de señal de radiofrecuencia como mínimo 1/4 respecto del máximo. De esta manera, se
consigue evitar un calentamiento de la bolsa de producto sanitario junto con un temporizador que apaga los lectores al no usarse. Un ejemplo de esta realización se encuentra en el momento de actualización de datos de una etiqueta RFID UHF adherida a una bolsa de sangre, cuando se modifica o se transforma el contenido de dicha bolsa de sangre. Otro ejemplo de realización se encuentra en el momento de expedir bolsas de sangre. Preferably, said UHF RFID tag reader station is in contact or in a very close arrangement with said UHF RFID tag and emits a radio frequency signal strength at least 1/4 of the maximum. In this way, it manages to avoid heating the medical device bag together with a timer that turns off the readers when not in use. An example of this embodiment is found at the time of updating data of a UHF RFID tag attached to a blood bag, when the content of said blood bag is modified or transformed. Another example of realization is at the time of issuing blood bags.
Preferentemente, dicha estación lectora de etiquetas RFID UHF está en una disposición lejana en una puerta de acceso a una instalación y comprende una pluralidad de antenas que radian en forma de barrido, de manera que siempre hay una antena lectora actuando como transmisora durante un periodo determinado y el resto de antenas simplemente actúan como receptoras. De esta manera, se consigue una comunicación entre la etiqueta y el lector por Campo Lejano. Una aplicación de esta realización se encuentra en el momento de hacer lecturas masivas de bolsas de plasma (aproximadamente 70 bolsas por caja) en la gestión del stock de bolsas de plasma. Preferably, said UHF RFID tag reader station is in a distant arrangement in an access door to an installation and comprises a plurality of antennas that radiate in the form of a sweep, so that there is always a reading antenna acting as a transmitter for a given period. and the rest of the antennas simply act as receivers. In this way, communication between the label and the reader is achieved by Far Field. An application of this embodiment is at the time of making massive plasma bag readings (approximately 70 bags per box) in the management of the stock of plasma bags.
Preferentemente, el sistema comprende una estación lectora de etiquetas RFID UHF de tipo móvil que incorpora un sistema de medición de intensidad de potencia de recepción y un dispositivo de aviso al usuario, preferentemente acústico, que nos permite localizar las bolsas de producto sanitario. Preferably, the system comprises a mobile type UHF RFID tag reader station that incorporates a reception power intensity measurement system and a user acoustic warning device, which allows us to locate the sanitary product bags.
Para su mejor comprensión se adjuntan, a titulo de ejemplo explicativo pero no limitativo, unos dibujos de una realización preferente de la presente invención.
La figura 1 muestra un esquema de un elemento laminar que contiene una etiqueta RFID UHF de tipo pasivo perteneciente a un sistema según la invención. For better understanding, some drawings of a preferred embodiment of the present invention are attached by way of explanatory but not limitative example. Figure 1 shows a diagram of a laminar element containing a passive type UHF RFID tag belonging to a system according to the invention.
La figura 2 muestra un esquema de una bolsa de producto sanitario que presenta adherida a ésta un elemento laminar del tipo mostrado en la figura 1 perteneciente a un sistema según la invención. Figure 2 shows a diagram of a sanitary product bag presenting a laminar element attached to it of the type shown in Figure 1 belonging to a system according to the invention.
La figura 3 muestra un esquema de una bolsa de producto sanitario del tipo mostrado en la figura 2 que contiene un elemento laminar adherido a ésta perteneciente a un sistema según la invención. Figure 3 shows a diagram of a sanitary product bag of the type shown in Figure 2 containing a laminar element adhered thereto belonging to a system according to the invention.
La figura 4 muestra un esquema de una bolsa de producto sanitario que presenta una etiqueta RFID UHF de tipo pasivo insertada en una costura lateral de dicha bolsa. Figure 4 shows a diagram of a sanitary product bag presenting a passive type UHF RFID tag inserted in a side seam of said bag.
La figura 5 muestra diferentes elementos de un sistema según la presente invención. Figure 5 shows different elements of a system according to the present invention.
La figura 1 muestra una realización preferente de una etiqueta RFID UHF -2- según la presente invención. Dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2- tiene una forma alargada rectangular y unas dimensiones reducidas de manera que permite su colocación tanto en la parte superior de la cara interna -11- de un elemento laminar -1- como en la costura -8- del borde de una bolsa -3- de producto sanitario (figura 4). La colocación de la etiqueta RFID UHF -2- en la parte superior de la cara interna -11- de dicho elemento laminar -1-, tal como muestra la figura 1, se ha llevado a cabo de manera que al colocar dicho elemento laminar -1- en una bolsa de producto sanitario -3- como el de la figura 2, dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2- esté dispuesta perpendicularmente y lo más cerca posible a
- Il ¬ la dirección de entrada del conducto de entrada de dicha bolsa de producto sanitario -3-. Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of an RFID tag UHF -2- according to the present invention. Said RFID tag UHF -2- has an elongated rectangular shape and reduced dimensions so that it can be placed both on the upper part of the inner face -11- of a laminar element -1- and on the seam -8- of the edge of a bag -3- of medical device (figure 4). The placement of the RFID tag UHF -2- on the upper part of the inner face -11- of said laminar element -1-, as shown in Figure 1, has been carried out so that when placing said laminar element - 1- in a sanitary product bag -3- as in Figure 2, said RFID tag UHF -2- is arranged perpendicularly and as close as possible to - Il ¬ the inlet direction of the inlet duct of said medical device bag -3-.
Una realización preferente de dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2- comprende una parte central en forma de espira -22-, un circuito integrado -21- conectado a dicha espira -22- y un dipolo formado por dos elementos -23-, -24- conductores alargados situados a ambos lados de dicha espira -22-. A preferred embodiment of said RFID tag UHF -2- comprises a central part in the form of a turn -22-, an integrated circuit -21- connected to said turn -22- and a dipole formed by two elements -23-, -24- elongated conductors located on both sides of said loop -22-.
La espira -22- es el elemento encargado de generar una corriente eléctrica en dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2- en el caso de que exista una variación de flujo de un campo magnético en el tiempo próximo a dicha espira -22-. Dicha corriente eléctrica es utilizada para alimentar dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2- para asi poder realizar operaciones de lectura o escritura de datos en la memoria del circuito integrado -21-. Este tipo de comunicación por campo magnético, también denominado comunicación por Campo Cercano, únicamente es realizable si la distancia que separa el lector (-5-, -6-, -71- y -72-) de etiquetas RFID The loop -22- is the element responsible for generating an electric current in said RFID tag UHF -2- in the event that there is a flux variation of a magnetic field in the time close to said loop -22-. Said electric current is used to feed said RFID tag UHF -2- in order to perform data read or write operations in the memory of the integrated circuit -21-. This type of magnetic field communication, also called Near Field communication, is only achievable if the distance between the reader (-5-, -6-, -71- and -72-) of RFID tags
2D2 UHF -2- y dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2- es menor a ——· , 2D 2 UHF -2- and said RFID tag UHF -2- is less than —— ·,
A TO
donde D es la dimensión máxima de la antena y λ es la longitud de onda de la señal de radiofrecuencia. Dentro de este radio de alcance, se consigue asegurar una comunicación óptima y efectiva en casos extremos como en la presencia de líquidos. Dadas las características de las tecnologías HF (13,56 MHz) y UHF (entre 840 y 960 MHz) respectivamente, para un lograr un mismo radio de alcance en ambas tecnologías, las dimensiones de la espira HF tiene que ser aproximadamente de un orden de magnitud mayor que las dimensiones de la espira UHF. Esto implica obtener etiquetas RFID UHF con una área aproximadamente
dos órdenes de magnitud más pequeña que las etiquetas RFID HF. Adicionalmente, en el proceso de fabricación de la espira UHF únicamente es necesario realizar un paso en vez de los 4 pasos necesarios para la espira HF, por lo que el coste de fabricación de la espira UHF es tres o cuatro veces menor que el de una espira HF. where D is the maximum antenna dimension and λ is the wavelength of the radio frequency signal. Within this range, it is possible to ensure optimal and effective communication in extreme cases such as in the presence of liquids. Given the characteristics of the HF (13.56 MHz) and UHF (between 840 and 960 MHz) technologies respectively, to achieve the same range in both technologies, the dimensions of the HF loop must be approximately of an order of magnitude greater than the dimensions of the UHF loop. This implies obtaining UHF RFID tags with an area approximately two orders of magnitude smaller than RFF HF tags. Additionally, in the manufacturing process of the UHF loop it is only necessary to perform one step instead of the 4 steps necessary for the HF turn, so the manufacturing cost of the UHF turn is three or four times less than that of a HF exhale.
El dipolo formado por dos elementos -23-, -24- conductores alargados es el elemento encargado de generar una corriente eléctrica en dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2- en el caso de recibir un campo eléctrico. Dicha corriente eléctrica es también utilizada para alimentar dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2- para asi poder realizar operaciones de lectura o escritura de datos en la memoria del circuito integrado -21-. Este tipo de comunicación por campo eléctrico, también denominado comunicación por Campo Lejano, únicamente es realizable si la distancia que separa el lector (-5-, -6-, -71- y -72-) de etiquetas RFID The dipole formed by two elements -23-, -24- elongated conductors is the element responsible for generating an electric current in said RFID tag UHF -2- in the case of receiving an electric field. Said electric current is also used to feed said RFID tag UHF -2- in order to perform data read or write operations in the memory of the integrated circuit -21-. This type of communication by electric field, also called Far Field communication, is only possible if the distance between the reader (-5-, -6-, -71- and -72-) of RFID tags
2D2 2D 2
UHF -2- y dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2- es mayor a , UHF -2- and said RFID tag UHF -2- is greater than,
A TO
donde D es la dimensión máxima de la antena y A es la longitud de onda de la señal de radiofrecuencia. Este radio de alcance, permite una comunicación óptima y efectiva a grandes distancias en comparación con la tecnología RFID HF. where D is the maximum antenna dimension and A is the wavelength of the radio frequency signal. This range radius allows optimal and effective communication over long distances compared to RFID HF technology.
El circuito integrado -21- es el elemento encargado de gestionar la lectura y escritura de datos por parte del lector (-5-, -6-, -71- y -72-) de etiquetas RFID UHF -2-, una vez éste se ha comunicado con los elementos de dicha etiqueta RFID UHD -2- por campo magnético o por campo eléctrico. The integrated circuit -21- is the element responsible for managing the reading and writing of data by the reader (-5-, -6-, -71- and -72-) of RFID tags UHF -2-, once this The elements of said RFID UHD -2- tag have been communicated by magnetic field or by electric field.
La figura 2 muestra una primera realización preferente de una bolsa -3- de producto sanitario en la
cual se adhiere en una de sus caras un elemento laminar -1-. Dicho elemento laminar -1- se adhiere a dicha bolsa -3- de producto sanitario por la cara -11- autoadhesiva que comprende dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2-, de manera que dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2- esté dispuesta perpendicularmente y lo más cerca posible a la dirección de entrada del conducto de entrada de dicha bolsa de producto sanitario -3-. La cara opuesta -12- a la cara interna autoadhesiva -11- que comprende dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2- comprende al menos un código visual automatizado -13-, tal como por ejemplo un código de barras lineal (códigos de barras) , un código de dos dimensiones (códigos PDF u otros) , un código matricial, etc. También se puede utilizar, por ejemplo, un conjunto de códigos según el estándar americano ISBT128 que comprende 4 códigos de barras. Estos códigos visuales automatizados -13- pueden servir por ejemplo para identificar en los bancos de sangre bolsas de sangre y controlar información como el tipo de sangre o el nombre de un donante entre otras cosas. En cualquier caso, dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2- comprende la misma información digitalizada que en dichos códigos visuales automatizados -13-, intentando aumentar las funcionalidades existentes. Figure 2 shows a first preferred embodiment of a bag -3- of medical device in the which adheres on one of its faces a laminar element -1-. Said laminar element -1- adheres to said pouch -3- of medical device on the self-adhesive side -11- comprising said RFID tag UHF -2-, so that said RFID tag UHF -2- is arranged perpendicularly and as much as close as possible to the inlet direction of the inlet duct of said medical device bag -3-. The opposite side -12- to the internal self-adhesive face -11- comprising said RFID tag UHF -2- comprises at least one automated visual code -13-, such as for example a linear bar code (bar codes), a two-dimensional code (PDF or other codes), a matrix code, etc. You can also use, for example, a set of codes according to the American standard ISBT128 comprising 4 barcodes. These automated visual codes -13- can serve, for example, to identify blood bags in blood banks and control information such as blood type or donor's name among other things. In any case, said RFID tag UHF -2- comprises the same digitized information as in said automated visual codes -13-, trying to increase the existing functionalities.
La figura 3 muestra una primera realización preferente de una bolsa -3- de producto sanitario como la que muestra la figura 2 en la cual se adhiere encima del elemento laminar -1- al menos un elemento laminar -4- que contiene al menos un código visual automatizado -43-, tal como por ejemplo un código de barras lineal (códigos de barras), un código de dos dimensiones (códigos PDF u otros) , un código matricial, etc. En esta primera realización, se consigue actualizar el contenido de la
bolsa -3- a través de un nuevo elemento laminar -4- que comprende la información que contiene la bolsa de producto sanitario en este momento. Paralelamente, dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2- es capaz de actualizar la información del nuevo producto sanitario de la bolsa -3- manteniendo en todo momento un control exhaustivo del producto sanitario que comprende la bolsa -3-. Figure 3 shows a first preferred embodiment of a bag -3- of medical device such as that shown in Figure 2 in which at least one laminar element -4- adheres at least one laminar element -4- containing at least one code automated visual -43-, such as a linear bar code (bar codes), a two-dimensional code (PDF or other codes), a matrix code, etc. In this first embodiment, the content of the bag -3- through a new laminar element -4- which includes the information contained in the medical device bag at this time. In parallel, said RFID tag UHF -2- is able to update the information of the new medical device of the bag -3- maintaining at all times an exhaustive control of the medical device that comprises the bag -3-.
La figura 4 muestra una segunda realización preferente de una bolsa -3- de producto sanitario en la cual la etiqueta RFID UHF -2- de tipo pasivo es insertada en una costura lateral -8- de dicha bolsa -3- en una disposición paralela al conducto de entrada de dicha bolsa -3-. La inserción de la etiqueta RFID UHF -2- en una de las costuras laterales -8- de la bolsa -3- se lleva a cabo por ejemplo durante el proceso de unión hermética de las láminas que conforman la bolsa -3-. Según esta segunda realización, la bolsa -3- de producto sanitario también comprende un elemento laminar -1- adherido a una de las caras de la bolsa -3- de producto sanitario. Dicho elemento laminar -1- también comprende al menos un código visual automatizado -13-, tal como por ejemplo un código de barras lineal (códigos de barras) o un código de dos dimensiones, entre otros, con la información del producto sanitario que contiene la bolsa -3-. En este caso también, la etiqueta RFID UHF -2- insertada en una de las costuras de la bolsa -3- comprende la misma información digitalizada que en dichos códigos visuales automatizados -13-, intentando aumentar las funcionalidades existentes. Según esta segunda realización, para actualizar el contenido de la bolsa -3- debido al contenido de un nuevo producto sanitario, se adhiere un nuevo elemento laminar (no mostrado) que comprende la información del nuevo
producto sanitario y paralelamente, se actualiza la información del nuevo producto sanitario de la bolsa -3- en dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2-, manteniendo en todo momento un control exhaustivo del producto sanitario que comprende la bolsa -3-. Figure 4 shows a second preferred embodiment of a sanitary product bag -3- in which the passive-type RFID tag UHF -2- is inserted into a side seam -8- of said bag -3- in an arrangement parallel to the inlet duct of said bag -3-. The insertion of the RFID tag UHF -2- into one of the side seams -8- of the bag -3- is carried out, for example, during the process of sealing the sheets that make up the bag -3-. According to this second embodiment, the sanitary product bag -3- also comprises a laminar element -1- adhered to one of the faces of the sanitary product bag -3-. Said laminar element -1- also comprises at least one automated visual code -13-, such as for example a linear bar code (bar codes) or a two-dimensional code, among others, with the information of the medical device it contains the bag -3-. In this case too, the RFID tag UHF -2- inserted in one of the seams of the bag -3- comprises the same digitized information as in said automated visual codes -13-, trying to increase the existing functionalities. According to this second embodiment, in order to update the contents of the bag -3- due to the content of a new medical device, a new laminar element (not shown) is added which comprises the information of the new Sanitary product and in parallel, the information of the new sanitary product of the bag -3- is updated in said RFID tag UHF -2-, maintaining at all times an exhaustive control of the sanitary product comprising the bag -3-.
La figura 5 muestra una bolsa -3- de producto sanitario, una estación lectora móvil -5- de etiquetas RFID UHF y una estación lectora fija -6- compuesta por dos antenas lectoras -61-, -62- de etiquetas RFID UHF. Adicionalmente, la figura 5 muestra una realización preferente de un emplazamiento típico de una estación lectora fija de etiquetas RFID UHF, que comprende 4 antenas lectoras -71-, -72-, -73-, -74-. Figure 5 shows a sanitary product bag -3-, a mobile reading station -5- of RFID UHF tags and a fixed reading station -6- composed of two reading antennas -61-, -62- of RFID UHF tags. Additionally, Figure 5 shows a preferred embodiment of a typical location of a fixed RFID UHF tag reader station, comprising 4 reading antennas -71-, -72-, -73-, -74-.
La bolsa -3- de producto sanitario de la figura 5 es del tipo mostrado en la figura 2 y comprende un elemento laminar -1- adherido a ésta. Dicho elemento laminar -1- comprende en su cara interna autoadhesiva -11- una etiqueta RFID UHF -2- de manera que dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2- esté dispuesta perpendicularmente y lo más cerca posible a la dirección del conducto de entrada de dicha bolsa de producto sanitario -3-. Dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2- es del tipo mostrado en la figura 1 y por lo tanto permite comunicaciones tanto por Campo Cercano como por Campo Lejano. Esta disposición espacial de la etiqueta -2- RFID UHF en dicha bolsa -3- de producto sanitario permite evitar la interferencia provocada por los líquidos contenidos dentro de bolsas de productos sanitarios, como por ejemplo las bolsas de hematíes. Este tipo de bolsas de productos sanitarios suelen almacenarse normalmente en posición vertical dentro de una caja de transporte. Esta disposición de almacenamiento en vertical hace que el líquido que contienen dichas bolsas se precipite desde la
parte más alta de la bolsa, donde se encuentra la etiqueta -2- RFID UHF, hasta la parte más baja de dicha bolsa. La tipología alargada de las etiquetas RFID UHF objeto de la presente invención permite una disposición horizontal de la misma para evitar la interferencia con el líquido. Así pues, la colocación de dichas etiquetas -2- RFID UHD en la parte más alta y más cercana al conducto de entrada de dichas bolsas -3- de productos sanitarios permite eliminar una posible interferencia directa entre el líquido de dichas bolsas -3- y dichas etiquetas -2- RFID UHF. La estación lectora móvil -5- de etiquetas RFID UHF permite comunicarse con una etiqueta RFID UHF -2- por Campo Lejano, es decir, mediante la componente eléctrica de la onda electromagnética. Para ello, dicha estación lectora móvil -5- emite a la máxima intensidad de potencia (200mW) para que la señal de radiofrecuencia pueda ser recibida por dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2-, debido a la distancia que separa la estación lectora móvil -5- y dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2-. Dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2-, al ser capaz de comunicarse tanto por Campo Cercano como por Campo Lejano, podrá mantener una comunicación por Campo Lejano con dicha estación lectora móvil -5- gracias al dipolo formado por dos elementos -23-, -24- conductores alargados de dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2-. The medical product bag -3- of Figure 5 is of the type shown in Figure 2 and comprises a laminar element -1- adhered thereto. Said laminar element -1- comprises on its internal self-adhesive face -11- an RFID tag UHF -2- so that said RFID tag UHF -2- is arranged perpendicularly and as close as possible to the direction of the entrance duct of said bag of medical device -3-. Said RFID tag UHF -2- is of the type shown in Figure 1 and therefore allows communications both by Near Field and Far Field. This spatial arrangement of the -2-RFID UHF label in said medical product bag -3- allows to avoid interference caused by the liquids contained in sanitary product bags, such as red blood cell bags. This type of sanitary product bags are usually stored in an upright position inside a transport box. This vertical storage arrangement causes the liquid contained in said bags to precipitate from the highest part of the bag, where the -2- RFID UHF tag is located, to the lowest part of said bag. The elongated typology of the UHF RFID tags object of the present invention allows a horizontal arrangement thereof to avoid interference with the liquid. Thus, placing said labels -2- RFID UHD in the highest part and closest to the inlet duct of said bags -3- of medical devices allows eliminating a possible direct interference between the liquid of said bags -3- and said tags -2- RFID UHF. The mobile reader station -5- of RFID UHF tags allows to communicate with a RFID tag UHF -2- by Far Field, that is, by the electrical component of the electromagnetic wave. For this, said mobile reader station -5- emits at the maximum power intensity (200mW) so that the radio frequency signal can be received by said RFID tag UHF -2-, due to the distance between the mobile reader station -5 - and said RFID tag UHF -2-. Said RFID tag UHF -2-, being able to communicate both by Near Field and Far Field, will be able to maintain a communication by Far Field with said mobile reading station -5- thanks to the dipole formed by two elements -23-, -24 - elongated conductors of said RFID tag UHF -2-.
Una variable importante a la hora de establecer una comunicación óptima y eficiente entre dichas etiquetas RFID UHF -2- y una estación lectora de dichas etiquetas RFID UHF es la elección del tipo de polarización que tiene que tener la antena de interrogación. La polarización de una antena se refiere a la forma en que se transmite la onda electromagnética de radiofrecuencia. Existen 3 tipos de polarización: lineal, circular y elíptica. Las
etiquetas RFID UHF -2- están polarizadas linealmente por lo que la componente del campo eléctrico de la señal de radiofrecuencia se propaga en un solo plano. Una desventaja a la hora de escoger una estación lectora con antenas polarizadas linealmente reside en que ambos elementos (estación lectora y etiqueta RFID UHF) deben disponerse coplanariamente para lograr una comunicación óptima. Esto suele ser muy complicado e implica un proceso de lectura muy preciso debido a que las bolsas de productos sanitarios deben estar todas orientadas de una manera especifica para poder ser leídas. Para poder solventar este inconveniente, resulta ventajoso que las antenas de interrogación de la estación lectora estén polarizadas circularmente . Esto es, que la componente del campo eléctrico de la señal electromagnética gira (en el sentido de las agujas del reloj o en sentido contrario) mientras se propaga alejándose de la antena de interrogación de la estación lectora. Una clara ventaja de este tipo de polarización reside en que la orientación de la etiqueta RFID ya no es importante para la antena de interrogación y ésta es capaz de establecer una comunicación óptima con dicha etiqueta RFID UHF. Así pues la estación lectora móvil -5- está polarizada circularmente . An important variable when establishing optimal and efficient communication between said RFID UHF -2 tags and a reading station of said RFID UHF tags is the choice of the type of polarization that the interrogation antenna has to have. The polarization of an antenna refers to the way in which the radio frequency electromagnetic wave is transmitted. There are 3 types of polarization: linear, circular and elliptical. The RFID tags UHF -2- are linearly polarized so that the electric field component of the radio frequency signal propagates in a single plane. A disadvantage when choosing a reading station with linearly polarized antennas is that both elements (reading station and UHF RFID tag) must be arranged coplanarly to achieve optimal communication. This is usually very complicated and implies a very accurate reading process because the bags of medical devices must all be oriented in a specific way in order to be read. In order to solve this problem, it is advantageous that the interrogation antennas of the reading station are circularly polarized. That is, the electric field component of the electromagnetic signal rotates (clockwise or counterclockwise) while propagating away from the interrogation antenna of the reading station. A clear advantage of this type of polarization is that the orientation of the RFID tag is no longer important for the interrogation antenna and this is capable of establishing optimal communication with said RFID UHF tag. Thus the mobile reader station -5- is circularly polarized.
Adicionalmente, dicha estación lectora móvil -5- de etiquetas RFID UHF incorpora un sistema de medición de intensidad de potencia de recepción para poder saber en todo momento que intensidad de potencia está transmitiendo dicha estación lectora hacia una o varias bolsas de productos sanitarios y la intensidad recibida por parte de las etiquetas RFID UHF -2-, pudiendo calcular a qué distancia y dónde se encuentran las bolsas. Además, dicha
estación lectora móvil -5- de etiquetas RFID UHF comprende un dispositivo de aviso, tal como un dispositivo acústico por ejemplo, para indicar al usuario la cercanía de una bolsa de producto sanitario según la medición de la intensidad de potencia de transmisión. Esto permite localizar bolsas de sangre concretas dentro de un almacenamiento masivo. Additionally, said mobile reading station -5- of RFID UHF tags incorporates a reception power intensity measurement system to be able to know at all times what power intensity said reading station is transmitting to one or several bags of sanitary products and the intensity received by RFID UHF -2- tags, being able to calculate how far and where the bags are. In addition, said Mobile reader station -5- of RFID tags UHF comprises a warning device, such as an acoustic device for example, to indicate to the user the proximity of a medical device bag according to the measurement of the transmission power intensity. This allows to locate specific blood bags within a mass storage.
En una realización, la estación lectora fija -6- está compuesta por dos antenas lectoras -61-, -62- de etiquetas RFID UHF -2- dispuestas en un ángulo de 90 grados entre ellas. Esta disposición permite que dicha estación lectora fija -6- aproveche eficientemente el área de alcance de la señal electromagnética a la hora de transmitir o recibir una señal de radiofrecuencia. Las antenas lectoras -61-, -62- de etiquetas RFID UHF -2- están configuradas de manera que una antena actúa como transmisora, es decir, emite una señal electromagnética para activar la etiqueta RFID UHF -2-, mientras que la otra antena actúa como receptora recibiendo cualquier posible respuesta de dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2-, Dicha estación lectora fija -6- permite comunicarse con una etiqueta RFID UHF -2- tanto por Campo Lejano, es decir mediante la componente eléctrica de la onda electromagnética, como por Campo Cercano mediante la componente magnética de la onda electromagnética. In one embodiment, the fixed reading station -6- is composed of two reading antennas -61-, -62- of RFID tags UHF -2- arranged at a 90 degree angle between them. This arrangement allows said fixed reading station -6- to efficiently use the range of the electromagnetic signal when transmitting or receiving a radio frequency signal. The reading antennas -61-, -62- of RFID tags UHF -2- are configured so that one antenna acts as a transmitter, that is, it emits an electromagnetic signal to activate the RFID tag UHF -2-, while the other antenna It acts as a receiver receiving any possible response of said RFID UHF -2- tag, said fixed reading station -6- allows to communicate with an RFID UHF -2- tag both by Far Field, that is to say by the electrical component of the electromagnetic wave, as by Near Field by the magnetic component of the electromagnetic wave.
En el caso de una comunicación por Campo Lejano, dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2-, al ser capaz de comunicarse tanto por Campo Cercano como por Campo Lejano, podrá mantener una comunicación por Campo Lejano con dicha estación lectora fija -6- gracias al dipolo formado por dos elementos -23-, -24- conductores alargados de dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2-.
En el caso de una comunicación por Campo Cercano, es decir mediante la componente magnética de la onda electromagnética, dicha etiqueta RFID ÜHF -2-, al ser capaz de comunicarse tanto por Campo Cercano como por Campo Lejano, podrá mantener una comunicación con dicha estación lectora fija -6- por Campo Cercano gracias a la espira -22- de dicha etiqueta RFID ÜHF -2-, que es el elemento capaz de recibir dicha componente magnética de la onda electromagnética. Un ejemplo de aplicación de esta realización se encuentra en el momento de etiquetar por primera vez una bolsa de sangre. En este caso, el nivel de potencia de radiación de las antenas lectoras ha de ser como mínimo 1/4 respecto del máximo (en este case el máximo es de la antena es de 1,6 W) que es equivalente a tener una atenuación de 6 dB del nivel de potencia de radiación máximo, para evitar que la radiación de la onda de radiofrecuencia eleve la temperatura del contenido líquido de las bolsas. Adicionalmente, para evitar un calentamiento de las bolsas durante el proceso de lectura de éstas, se utiliza unos sensores para saber en todo momento si dicha estación lectora está o no en funcionamiento, limitando el tiempo de utilización de dicha estación lectora. En el caso de monitorización de bolsas de sangre, la utilización de dicha etiqueta RFID UHF -2- tanto en Campo Cercano como en Campo Lejano nos permite monitorizar diferentes productos de diferentes temperaturas controladas. In the case of a communication by Far Field, said RFID tag UHF -2-, being able to communicate both by Near Field and Far Field, you can maintain a communication by Far Field with said fixed reading station -6- thanks to the dipole formed by two elements -23-, -24- elongated conductors of said RFID tag UHF -2-. In the case of a Near Field communication, that is to say through the magnetic component of the electromagnetic wave, said RFID tag ÜHF -2-, being able to communicate both by Near Field and Far Field, you can maintain a communication with said station fixed reader -6- by Near Field thanks to the turn -22- of said RFID tag ÜHF -2-, which is the element capable of receiving said magnetic component of the electromagnetic wave. An example of application of this embodiment is at the time of labeling a blood bag for the first time. In this case, the radiation power level of the reading antennas must be at least 1/4 of the maximum (in this case the maximum is of the antenna is 1.6 W) which is equivalent to having an attenuation of 6 dB of the maximum radiation power level, to prevent the radiation of the radiofrequency wave from raising the temperature of the liquid contents of the bags. Additionally, to avoid heating the bags during their reading process, sensors are used to know at all times if said reading station is in operation or not, limiting the time of use of said reading station. In the case of blood bag monitoring, the use of said RFID tag UHF -2- in both the Near and Far Field allows us to monitor different products of different controlled temperatures.
Otro ejemplo de aplicación de radiación que combina una comunicación por Campo Cercano y una comunicación por Campo Lejano se encuentra en el momento de actualización (cuando se modifica o se transforma el contenido de dicha bolsa de sangre) de datos de una
etiqueta RFID UHF adherida a una bolsa de sangre. En este caso la disposición de las antenas es la misma y los niveles de potencia de radiación también. Aún asi, debido a que se dispone más de una bolsa encima de la estructura en L y que dichas bolsas pueden estar unas encimas de las otras, es necesario utilizar una comunicación por acoplamiento tanto magnético como eléctrico (por Campo Cercano y por Campo Lejano respectivamente) para activar las etiquetas RFID UHF -2-. Another example of radiation application that combines a Near Field communication and a Far Field communication is at the moment of updating (when the content of said blood bag is modified or transformed) of data from a UHF RFID tag attached to a blood bag. In this case the antenna layout is the same and the radiation power levels too. Even so, because there is more than one bag on top of the L-structure and that these bags can be on top of each other, it is necessary to use both magnetic and electrical coupling communication (by Near Field and Far Field respectively ) to activate RFID tags UHF -2-.
Finalmente, para que la comunicación entre dichas etiquetas RFID UHF -2- y dicha estación lectora -6- se lleve a cabo de una manera óptima y eficiente,—dicha estación lectora fija -6- de etiquetas RFID UHF -2- ha de estar polarizada circularmente . De este modo, la orientación de la etiqueta RFID ya no es importante para la antena de interrogación y ésta es capaz de establecer una comunicación óptima con dicha etiqueta RFID UHF, consiguiendo una comunicación óptima y eficiente independientemente de la orientación de la etiqueta RFID UHF. Finally, for the communication between said RFID tags UHF -2- and said reading station -6- to be carried out in an optimal and efficient way, - said fixed reading station -6- of RFID tags UHF -2- must be circularly polarized Thus, the orientation of the RFID tag is no longer important for the interrogation antenna and it is able to establish optimal communication with said RFID UHF tag, achieving optimal and efficient communication regardless of the orientation of the RFID UHF tag.
La figura 5, finalmente, muestra una realización preferente de un emplazamiento típico de una estación lectora fija compuesta por cuatro antenas lectoras (-71-, -72-, -73-, -74-) de etiquetas RFID UHF -2-, de las cuales dos (-71-, -72-) están dispuestas en la parte superior de una puerta de acceso a una cámara y dos (-73-, -74-) están dispuestas en la parte lateral más cercana a la cerradura de dicha puerta de acceso a una cámara. Figure 5, finally, shows a preferred embodiment of a typical location of a fixed reading station composed of four reading antennas (-71-, -72-, -73-, -74-) of RFID tags UHF -2-, of which two (-71-, -72-) are arranged in the upper part of an access door to a chamber and two (-73-, -74-) are arranged in the lateral part closest to the lock of said access door to a camera.
Dichas antenas lectoras fijas -71-, -72-, -73-, -74- están capacitadas para establecer una comunicación con etiquetas RFID UHF -2- por Campo Lejano, es decir mediante la componente eléctrica de la onda
electromagnética. En este caso, la radiación de las antenas se realiza en forma de barrido, de manera que siempre hay una antena lectora actuando como transmisora en un momento determinado, mientras que el resto de antenas simplemente actúan como receptoras. En el inicio de la secuencia del barrido, la antena -71- actúa como transmisora emitiendo una señal de radiofrecuencia durante un intervalo de tiempo ti mientras que el resto de antenas (-72-, -73-, -74-) simplemente actúan como receptoras. Al finalizar dicho intervalo de tiempo ti, la antena -71- que estaba emitiendo pasa a escuchar junto con las antenas -73- y -74- y la antena -72- empieza a emitir durante un segundo intervalo de tiempo t2. Al finalizar dicho intervalo de tiempo t2, la antena -72- que actuaba como transmisor pasa a actuar como receptor junto con las antenas -71- y -74- y la antena -73- empieza a emitir durante un tercer intervalo de tiempo t3. Al finalizar dicho intervalo de tiempo t3, la antena -73- que actuaba como transmisor pasa a actuar como receptor junto con las antenas -71- y -72- y la antena -74- empieza a emitir durante un cuarto intervalo de tiempo t4. Al finalizar dicho cuarto intervalo de tiempo t4, la secuencia de barrido vuelve a empezar, asi pues la antena -74- que actuaba como transmisor pasa a actuar como receptor junto con las antenas -72- y -73- y la antena -71- vuelve a emitir durante un intervalo de tiempo ti. Said fixed reading antennas -71-, -72-, -73-, -74- are capable of establishing a communication with RFID UHF -2- tags by Far Field, that is to say by the electrical component of the wave electromagnetic In this case, the radiation of the antennas is carried out in the form of a sweep, so that there is always a reading antenna acting as a transmitter at a given time, while the rest of the antennas simply act as receivers. At the beginning of the scanning sequence, the antenna -71- acts as a transmitter by emitting a radio frequency signal for a time interval ti while the rest of the antennas (-72-, -73-, -74-) simply act as receiving At the end of said time interval ti, the antenna -71- that was emitting happens to listen together with the antennas -73- and -74- and the antenna -72- begins to emit during a second time interval t 2 . At the end of said time interval t 2 , the antenna -72- that acted as a transmitter becomes the receiver together with the antennas -71- and -74- and the antenna -73- begins to emit during a third time interval t 3 . At the end of said time interval t 3 , the antenna -73- that acted as the transmitter becomes the receiver together with the antennas -71- and -72- and the antenna -74- begins to emit during a fourth time interval t 4 . At the end of said fourth time interval t 4 , the scanning sequence starts again, so the antenna -74- that acted as the transmitter becomes the receiver together with the antennas -72- and -73- and the antenna -71 - reissues for a period of time you.
Esta disposición permite controlar, por ejemplo, el stock de plasma guardado en la plasmateca. Se trata de una funcionalidad en los bancos de sangre inexistente hasta la fecha y es de qran utilidad para gestionar las cantidades masivas de plasma guardadas. Al estar dispuestas de esta manera, las antenas lectoras fijas
-71-, -72-, -73-, -74- permiten leer grandes cantidades de bolsas de plasma y asi poder gestionar el stock real de bolsas en cada momento, controlando el tiempo que las bolsas están fuera y dentro de la cámara refrigerada entre muchas otras cosas. Asi mismo, tal disposición de dos antenas encima de la puerta y dos antenas al lado de la puerta permiten leer grandes cantidades de bolsas de plasma dispuestas en carritos de transporte con dos pisos. This arrangement allows, for example, to control the plasma stock stored in the plasmateca. It is a feature in blood banks that does not exist to date and is very useful for managing the massive amounts of plasma stored. Being arranged in this way, the fixed reading antennas -71-, -72-, -73-, -74- allow to read large quantities of plasma bags and thus be able to manage the real stock of bags at any time, controlling the time that the bags are outside and inside the refrigerated chamber between many other things. Likewise, such an arrangement of two antennas above the door and two antennas next to the door allow to read large quantities of plasma bags arranged in transport carts with two floors.
El nivel de potencia de radiación que emiten las antenas lectoras (-71-, -72-, -73-, -74-) depende del estado en que se encuentra la puerta de acceso a la plasmateca gracias a un sensor que permite saber si la puerta está cerrada o si por lo contrario está abierta. Si el sensor indica que la puerta de la plasmateca está cerrada, entonces las antenas radian en forma de barrido, tal y como está explicado anteriormente, al máximo de potencia (1,6 W) , es decir con una atenuación de 0 dB para cada antena. Si por lo contrario, el sensor indica que la puerta está abierta, entonces dichas antenas siguen radiando en forma de barrido pero con atenuaciones distintas en función de la antena. La antena superior izquierda (-71-) radia con una atenuación de 7 dB, la antena superior derecha radia con una atenuación de 6 dB, la antena lateral superior radia con una atenuación de 4 dB y la antena lateral inferior radia con una atenuación de 3 dB. Con esta configuración se consiguen evitar los rebotes de señal hacia el interior de la cámara debido a que la puerta de metal de acceso a la plasmateca actúa como un espejo, reflejando gran cantidad de ondas hacia el interior de la cámara. The level of radiation power emitted by the reading antennas (-71-, -72-, -73-, -74-) depends on the state of the plasmateca access door thanks to a sensor that lets you know if The door is closed or if it is otherwise open. If the sensor indicates that the plasmateca door is closed, then the antennas radiate in the form of a sweep, as explained above, at maximum power (1.6 W), that is, with an attenuation of 0 dB for each antenna. If, on the contrary, the sensor indicates that the door is open, then these antennas continue to radiate in the form of a sweep but with different attenuations depending on the antenna. The upper left antenna (-71-) radiates with an attenuation of 7 dB, the upper right antenna radiates with an attenuation of 6 dB, the upper lateral antenna radiates with an attenuation of 4 dB and the lower lateral antenna radiates with an attenuation of 3 dB With this configuration it is possible to avoid the signal bounces towards the interior of the chamber because the metal door of access to the plasmatheque acts like a mirror, reflecting a large amount of waves towards the interior of the chamber.
Si bien la invención se ha descrito con respecto a un ejemplo de realización preferente, éstos no se deben
considerar limitativos de la invención, que se definirá por la interpretación más amplia de las siguientes reivindicaciones .
While the invention has been described with respect to a preferred embodiment, they should not be consider limiting of the invention, which will be defined by the broader interpretation of the following claims.
Claims
1. Sistema de control de bolsas de productos sanitarios que comprende al menos una bolsa de un producto sanitario que presenta una etiqueta RFID de tipo pasivo y una estación lectora de etiquetas RFID de tipo pasivo caracterizado porque dicha etiqueta es una etiqueta RFID UHF de tipo pasivo que comprende una parte central en forma de espira, un circuito integrado conectado a dicha espira y un dipolo formado por dos elementos conductores alargados situados a ambos lados de dicha espira. 1. Control system for bags of medical devices comprising at least one bag of a medical device having a passive type RFID tag and a passive type RFID tag reader station characterized in that said tag is a passive type UHF RFID tag comprising a central part in the form of a spiral, an integrated circuit connected to said spiral and a dipole formed by two elongated conductive elements located on both sides of said spiral.
2. Sistema, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque dicha etiqueta RFID UHF está adherida a un elemento laminar que a su vez está adherido a dicha bolsa de producto sanitario. 2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that said UHF RFID tag is attached to a laminar element which in turn is attached to said pouch of medical device.
3. Sistema, según las reivindicación 2, caracterizado porque dicha etiqueta RFID UHF de tipo pasivo está colocada en la parte superior, más cercana al conducto de entrada de dicha bolsa, de la cara interna de dicho elemento laminar y en disposición perpendicular a la dirección de entrada de dicho conducto de entrada de dicha bolsa . 3. System according to claim 2, characterized in that said passive-type UHF RFID tag is placed on the upper part, closer to the entrance duct of said bag, of the inner face of said laminar element and arranged perpendicular to the direction of inlet of said inlet duct of said bag.
4. Sistema, según la reivindicación 3, caracterizado porque dicho elemento laminar presenta una cara autoadhesiva que se une a dicha bolsa de productos sanitarios y una cara opuesta que contiene al menos un código visual automatizado. System according to claim 3, characterized in that said laminar element has a self-adhesive face that joins said bag of medical devices and an opposite face that contains at least one automated visual code.
5. Sistema, según la reivindicación 4, caracterizado porque dicha cara adhesiva contiene una etiqueta RFID UHF de tipo pasivo adherida en una parte superior. System according to claim 4, characterized in that said adhesive face contains a passive type UHF RFID tag adhered on a top.
6. Sistema, según la reivindicación 4, caracterizado porque dicha cara que contiene al menos un código visual automatizado presenta al menos un elemento laminar autoadhesivo pegado encima que contiene al menos un código visual automatizado. 6. System according to claim 4, characterized in that said face containing at least one Automated visual code has at least one self-adhesive laminar element attached to it containing at least one automated visual code.
7. Sistema, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque dicha etiqueta RFID UHF de tipo pasivo está insertada en la costura perimetral de dicha bolsa . System according to claim 1, characterized in that said passive type UHF RFID tag is inserted in the perimeter seam of said bag.
8. Sistema, según la reivindicación 7, caracterizado porque dicha etiqueta RFID UHF de tipo pasivo está insertada en una costura lateral paralela a la dirección de entrada del conducto de entrada de dicha bolsa, en disposición vertical paralela a dicho conducto de entrada. System according to claim 7, characterized in that said passive type UHF RFID tag is inserted in a side seam parallel to the inlet direction of the inlet duct of said bag, in vertical arrangement parallel to said inlet duct.
9. Sistema, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque una estación lectora de etiquetas RFID UHF de tipo pasivo comprende al menos dos antenas RFID UHF dispuestas formando entre sí un ángulo entre 45 y 90 grados. System according to claim 1, characterized in that a passive-type UHF RFID tag reader station comprises at least two UHF RFID antennas arranged at an angle between 45 and 90 degrees.
10. Sistema, según la reivindicación 9, caracterizado porque dichas antenas RFID UHF están dispuestas formando entre sí un ángulo entre 80 y 85 grados . System according to claim 9, characterized in that said UHF RFID antennas are arranged forming an angle between 80 and 85 degrees.
11. Sistema, según la reivindicación 9, caracterizado porque dichas antenas lectoras de etiquetas RFID UHF están configuradas de manera que una antena actúa como transmisora mientras que la otra actúa como receptora . A system according to claim 9, characterized in that said UHF RFID tag reading antennas are configured so that one antenna acts as a transmitter while the other acts as a receiver.
12. Sistema, según la reivindicación 9, caracterizado porque una estación lectora de etiquetas RFID UHF de tipo pasivo comprende una pluralidad de antenas lectoras de etiquetas RFID UHF, de las cuales la mitad están dispuestas en la parte superior de una puerta de acceso a una cámara y la otra mitad están dispuestas en la parte lateral más cercana a la cerradura de dicha puerta de acceso a una cámara. 12. System according to claim 9, characterized in that a passive-type UHF RFID tag reader station comprises a plurality of UHF RFID tag reader antennas, of which half are arranged at the top of a door of access to a camera and the other half are arranged on the side closest to the lock of said access door to a camera.
13. Sistema, según la reivindicación 11, caracterizado porque durante un periodo de tiempo determinado una primera antena de dicha pluralidad de antenas lectoras de etiquetas RFID UHF actúa como transmisor y el resto de antenas como receptor. 13. System according to claim 11, characterized in that during a certain period of time a first antenna of said plurality of RFID UHF tag reading antennas acts as a transmitter and the rest of the antennas as a receiver.
14. Sistema, según la reivindicación 11 a 12, caracterizado porque la estación lectora alterna la antena que actúa como transmisor entre la pluralidad de antenas a lo largo del tiempo. 14. System according to claim 11 to 12, characterized in that the reading station alternates the antenna that acts as a transmitter between the plurality of antennas over time.
15. Sistema, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque una estación lectora de etiquetas RFID UHF de tipo pasivo es de tipo móvil e incorpora un sistema de medición de intensidad de potencia de recepción y un dispositivo acústico. 15. System according to claim 1, characterized in that a passive type UHF RFID tag reader station is of the mobile type and incorporates a reception power intensity measurement system and an acoustic device.
16. Sistema, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque dichas antenas lectoras de etiquetas RFID UHF de tipo pasivo son antenas de polarización circular . 16. System according to claim 1, characterized in that said passive type UHF RFID tag reading antennas are circular polarization antennas.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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ESP200930808 | 2009-10-07 | ||
ES200930808A ES2367613B1 (en) | 2009-10-07 | 2009-10-07 | SYSTEM OF CONTROL OF SANITARY PRODUCTS. |
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WO2011048234A1 true WO2011048234A1 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
WO2011048234A8 WO2011048234A8 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
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PCT/ES2010/000403 WO2011048234A1 (en) | 2009-10-07 | 2010-10-04 | System for controlling sanitary products |
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WO (1) | WO2011048234A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ES2367613A1 (en) | 2011-11-07 |
WO2011048234A8 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
ES2367613B1 (en) | 2012-09-12 |
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