WO2011036758A1 - 車両の充電システムおよびそれを備える電動車両 - Google Patents
車両の充電システムおよびそれを備える電動車両 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011036758A1 WO2011036758A1 PCT/JP2009/066598 JP2009066598W WO2011036758A1 WO 2011036758 A1 WO2011036758 A1 WO 2011036758A1 JP 2009066598 W JP2009066598 W JP 2009066598W WO 2011036758 A1 WO2011036758 A1 WO 2011036758A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0038—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
- B60L50/62—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles charged by low-power generators primarily intended to support the batteries, e.g. range extenders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
- H02J1/108—Parallel operation of dc sources using diodes blocking reverse current flow
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
- B60L2210/14—Boost converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle charging system and an electric vehicle including the same, and more particularly, to a vehicle charging system configured to be able to charge a power storage device mounted on the vehicle by an external power source outside the vehicle, and an electric vehicle including the same.
- Electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, fuel cell vehicles, and the like are known as electric vehicles configured to be able to drive an electric motor for driving a vehicle using electric power stored in an in-vehicle power storage device represented by a secondary battery.
- the on-vehicle power storage device is charged by a power source outside the vehicle (hereinafter also simply referred to as “external power source”, and charging of the on-vehicle power storage device by the external power source is also simply referred to as “external charging”).
- a configuration is proposed.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a vehicle with improved charging efficiency during external charging.
- the vehicle includes a battery that can be charged by an external power source, a DC / DC converter that steps down and outputs the voltage of the battery, and an auxiliary device that is charged by the output voltage of the DC / DC converter and supplies power to an auxiliary load.
- a battery and a control device are provided. The control device continuously operates the DC / DC converter during vehicle operation, and intermittently operates the DC / DC converter during external charging.
- the power storage device can be charged while suppressing loss during external charging (see Patent Document 1).
- a DC / DC converter that generates an auxiliary voltage during vehicle operation is intermittently operated during external charging, thereby suppressing loss during external charging and improving charging efficiency.
- auxiliary equipment such as the controller that performs charging control and the minimum display function operates, and the required auxiliary power is lower than during vehicle operation. If a large DC / DC converter to be used is used during external charging with a low load, the efficiency is poor.
- the power consumed by the resistance component of the auxiliary load is proportional to the square of the voltage, the higher the auxiliary voltage at the time of external charging, the larger the power consumption at the auxiliary load, and the charging efficiency deteriorates. .
- the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object thereof is to provide a vehicle charging system capable of further improving charging efficiency during external charging and an electric vehicle including the same. That is.
- a charging system is a vehicle charging system configured to be able to charge a power storage device mounted on a vehicle with an external power supply outside the vehicle, and includes a converter, an auxiliary power supply, a diode, a current, A sensor and a control device are provided.
- the converter is configured to convert the power supplied from the external power source into a voltage and supply it to the auxiliary load during external charging in which the power storage device is charged by the external power source.
- the auxiliary power source stores electric power supplied to the auxiliary load.
- the diode allows discharge of the auxiliary power supply while preventing charging of the auxiliary power supply during external charging.
- the current sensor detects the discharge of the auxiliary power supply.
- the control device adjusts the output voltage of the converter based on the detection value of the current sensor while confirming whether the auxiliary power supply is discharged.
- control device controls the converter so as to reduce the output voltage of the converter when the detection value of the current sensor is zero.
- control device controls the converter so as to increase the output voltage of the converter when the detection value of the current sensor is non-zero.
- control device controls the converter so that the output voltage of the converter becomes a predetermined maximum value when an abnormality of the current sensor is detected.
- the charging system further includes a DC / DC converter.
- the DC / DC converter is configured to convert the power output from the power storage device into a voltage and supply the power to the auxiliary load when the system capable of running the vehicle is started.
- the DC / DC converter further operates.
- the external power source is an AC power source
- the converter is an AC / DC converter.
- an electric vehicle includes any one of the above-described charging systems and a vehicle drive system that generates a running torque using electric power stored in a power storage device that is charged by the charging system.
- the auxiliary power supply since the diode that allows the auxiliary power supply to be discharged while preventing charging of the auxiliary power supply during external charging is provided, the auxiliary power supply is not charged during external charging.
- a current sensor is provided for detecting the discharge of the auxiliary power supply, and the converter output voltage is adjusted based on the detected value of the current sensor while confirming whether the auxiliary power supply is discharged. It is possible to reduce the output voltage of the converter, that is, the supply voltage to the auxiliary machine load as long as the machine power supply is not discharged. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to further improve the charging efficiency during external charging.
- FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of an electric vehicle to which a charging system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied.
- 3 is a chart for explaining on / off of a system main relay and a relay shown in FIG. 1. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the control structure of the controller shown in FIG. 4 is a flowchart in which a series of processes shown in FIG. 3 are repeatedly executed a predetermined number of times until the voltage of the auxiliary power storage device is stabilized.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart in which a series of processes shown in FIG. 3 are repeatedly executed for a predetermined time until the voltage of the auxiliary power storage device is stabilized.
- 5 is a flowchart for illustrating a control structure of a controller in a second embodiment.
- 7 is a flowchart in which a series of processes shown in FIG. 6 are repeatedly executed a predetermined number of times until the voltage of the auxiliary power storage device is stabilized. 7 is a flowchart in which a series of processes shown in FIG. 6 are repeatedly executed for a predetermined time until the voltage of the auxiliary power storage device is stabilized. It is a graph for demonstrating the operation state of each related apparatus when the operating power of auxiliary machinery load is insufficient. It is a whole block diagram of the electric vehicle with which the charging system by Embodiment 4 is applied.
- FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of an electric vehicle to which a charging system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied.
- an electric vehicle 100 includes a main power storage device 10, a system main relay SMR, a vehicle drive system 12, a main DC / DC converter 14, an auxiliary load 16, and an auxiliary power storage device. 18.
- Electric vehicle 100 further includes a charger 20, a charging inlet 22, an AC / DC converter 24, a diode 26, a current sensor 28, relays RL1 and RL2, and a controller 30.
- Main power storage device 10 is connected to power line 34, and system main relay SMR is connected between power line 34 and power line 34 to which vehicle drive system 12 is connected.
- Main DC / DC converter 14 is connected between power supply line 36 and auxiliary machine power supply line 38.
- the auxiliary load 16 is connected to the auxiliary power line 38.
- the auxiliary power storage device 18 is connected to the auxiliary power supply line 38 via the diode 26. More specifically, the positive electrode of auxiliary power storage device 18 is connected to the anode of diode 26, and the cathode of diode 26 is connected to auxiliary power supply line 38.
- Relay RL2 is connected to diode 26 in parallel.
- the charger 20 is connected between the power line 34 and the charging inlet 22.
- the AC / DC converter 24 is connected to a power supply line 32 disposed between the charger 20 and the charging inlet 22, and the output end of the AC / DC converter 24 is connected to the auxiliary power supply line 38 via the relay RL1. Connected.
- the main power storage device 10 is a rechargeable DC power source, and is constituted by, for example, a secondary battery such as nickel metal hydride or lithium ion.
- Main power storage device 10 supplies power to vehicle drive system 12 and main DC / DC converter 14 when system main relay SMR is on.
- Main power storage device 10 is charged by receiving regenerative power generated by vehicle drive system 12 during braking of the vehicle. Further, main power storage device 10 is charged by charger 20 when electric vehicle 100 is charged (external charging) by AC power supply 50 (for example, commercial power supply) outside the vehicle.
- AC power supply 50 for example, commercial power supply
- a large-capacity capacitor can also be used as the main power storage device 10, and regenerative power received from the vehicle drive system 12 and power supplied from the AC power supply 50 are temporarily stored, and the stored power is stored in the vehicle drive system 12 and Any power buffer that can be supplied to the main DC / DC converter 14 may be used.
- the system main relay SMR is turned on when a system capable of running the vehicle is started (hereinafter also simply referred to as “vehicle driving”), and turned off during external charging.
- vehicle drive system 12 receives a supply of electric power from the main power storage device 10 and generates a vehicle drive force.
- vehicle drive system 12 includes an electric motor that generates a vehicle driving force, and an inverter that receives electric power from main power storage device 10 and drives the electric motor (both not shown).
- Vehicle drive system 12 may further include a boost converter that can boost the power output from main power storage device 10 and supply the boosted power to the inverter.
- the vehicle drive system 12 may further include an engine that generates vehicle drive force and a generator that generates electric power using the power of the engine (such a system is generally referred to as a “hybrid system”). ).
- the vehicle drive system 12 may use an engine as a main power source and assist the engine with the electric motor as necessary.
- the main DC / DC converter 14 converts the electric power output from the main power storage device 10 into a voltage level of the auxiliary load 16 and supplies it to the auxiliary load 16 and the auxiliary power storage device 18 during vehicle operation.
- the auxiliary machine load 16 includes various auxiliary machines mounted on the vehicle. During external charging, only a part of auxiliary equipment such as a controller 30 (to be described later) for performing charging control and a minimum display function operates, and the load of the auxiliary load 16 during external charging is large. Is smaller than the load during vehicle operation. Auxiliary load 16 is supplied with power from main DC / DC converter 14 and auxiliary power storage device 18 during vehicle operation, and supplied with power from AC / DC converter 24 (described later) during external charging. Receive.
- the auxiliary power storage device 18 is a rechargeable DC power source, and is constituted by, for example, a lead storage battery.
- Auxiliary power storage device 18 supplies power to auxiliary load 16 via diode 26 and relay RL2 that is turned on during vehicle operation when the vehicle is in operation, and main DC / DC converter 14 when the amount of power storage decreases. Is charged by. At the time of external charging, charging of auxiliary power storage device 18 is prohibited by turning off relay RL2, and the voltage of auxiliary power supply line 38 is AC / voltage so that auxiliary power storage device 18 is not discharged, as will be described later. It is adjusted by the DC converter 24.
- the charging inlet 22 is configured to be connectable to a connector 52 connected to an AC power supply 50 outside the vehicle, and receives AC power supplied from the AC power supply 50.
- Charger 20 charges main power storage device 10 by converting AC power supplied from AC power supply 50 into a predetermined charging voltage (DC) during external charging.
- the charger 20 is constituted by, for example, a known AC / DC converter.
- the AC / DC converter 24 converts the AC power supplied from the AC power supply 50 into the voltage level (DC) of the auxiliary load 16 and supplies the AC load to the auxiliary load 16 during external charging.
- AC / DC converter 24 controls output voltage Vc of AC / DC converter 24 to voltage command value Vcc in accordance with voltage command value Vcc given from controller 30.
- Vcc voltage command value
- Relay RL1 is turned off during vehicle operation and turned on during external charging.
- the diode 26 is provided to allow discharge of the auxiliary power storage device 18 while preventing charging of the auxiliary power storage device 18 during external charging.
- relay RL2 is turned off to prevent energization from auxiliary power supply line 38 to auxiliary power storage device 18 and from auxiliary power storage device 18 to auxiliary power supply line 38. Permissible.
- the current sensor 28 detects the current Ib output from the auxiliary power storage device 18 and outputs the detected value to the controller 30.
- the current sensor 28 is provided for detecting the discharge of the auxiliary power storage device 18 during external charging.
- the voltage of the auxiliary machine power line 38 (the output voltage Vc of the AC / DC converter 24) is lower than the voltage of the auxiliary power storage device 18, a non-zero current is detected by the current sensor 28.
- the voltage of the auxiliary power supply line 38 is higher than the voltage of the auxiliary power storage device 18, a zero current is detected by the current sensor 28.
- the controller 30 receives the detected value of the current Ib from the current sensor 28. Then, the controller 30 adjusts the output voltage Vc of the AC / DC converter 24 while confirming whether or not the auxiliary power storage device 18 is discharged based on the detected value of the current Ib during external charging by a method described later. More specifically, the controller 30 determines the output voltage Vc of the converter based on the detected value of the current Ib so that the output voltage Vc of the AC / DC converter 24 is as low as possible within a range where the auxiliary power storage device 18 is not discharged. A voltage command value Vcc indicating a target value is set. Controller 30 then outputs the set voltage command value Vcc to AC / DC converter 24.
- FIG. 2 is a chart for explaining on / off of system main relay SMR and relays RL1 and RL2 shown in FIG.
- system main relay SMR is turned off, and relays RL1 and RL2 are turned on and off, respectively.
- power is supplied from AC / DC converter 24 to auxiliary load 16 and auxiliary power storage device 18 is not charged.
- system main relay SMR is turned on, and relays RL1 and RL2 are turned off and on, respectively.
- AC / DC converter 24 is electrically disconnected from auxiliary power supply line 38, and electric power is supplied from main DC / DC converter 14 and auxiliary power storage device 18 to auxiliary load 16.
- the auxiliary power storage device 18 is charged by the main DC / DC converter 14.
- an AC / DC converter 24 connected between charging inlet 22 and auxiliary machine power supply line 38 is provided. During external charging, AC / DC converter 24 is provided. Is supplied to the auxiliary load 16. The AC / DC converter 24 is smaller than the main DC / DC converter 14.
- a diode 26 and a relay RL2 connected in parallel thereto are provided between the auxiliary power storage device 18 and the auxiliary power supply line 38, and the relay RL2 is turned off during external charging. This prevents the auxiliary power storage device 18 from being charged during external charging.
- a current sensor 28 for detecting a current Ib output from the auxiliary power storage device 18 is provided. Based on the detected value of the current Ib, the controller 30 reduces the output voltage Vc of the AC / DC converter 24 as much as possible within a range in which the auxiliary power storage device 18 is not discharged during external charging by a method described later. A voltage command value Vcc indicating a target value of the output voltage Vc of the AC / DC converter 24 is set. As a result, the auxiliary device voltage can be made as low as possible while preventing charging and discharging of the auxiliary power storage device 18 during external charging, and the power consumption of the auxiliary load 16 during external charging can be minimized. it can.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the control structure of the controller 30 shown in FIG.
- controller 30 predetermines a voltage (auxiliary supply voltage) supplied to auxiliary equipment by AC / DC converter 24, that is, output voltage Vc of AC / DC converter 24. Is set to the maximum value (step S10). More specifically, controller 30 sets voltage command value Vcc indicating the target value of output voltage Vc of AC / DC converter 24 to a predetermined value sufficiently higher than the voltage of auxiliary power storage device 18.
- the controller 30 determines whether or not the current Ib detected by the current sensor 28 is 0 ampere (A) (step S20). That is, the controller 30 determines whether or not the discharge current of the auxiliary power storage device 18 is zero.
- controller 30 decreases the set value of the auxiliary machine supply voltage by ⁇ V1 (step S30). More specifically, the controller 30 decreases the voltage command value Vcc by ⁇ V1.
- step S40 determines whether or not the current Ib is larger than 0 A. That is, the controller 30 determines whether or not the auxiliary power storage device 18 is discharged. If it is determined that current Ib is not greater than 0A, that is, current Ib is 0A (NO in step S40), the process returns to step S30, and voltage command value Vcc is lowered by ⁇ V1 again.
- step S40 If it is determined in step S40 that the current Ib is larger than 0 A (YES in step S40), the controller 30 increases the set value of the auxiliary machine supply voltage by ⁇ V2 (step S50). More specifically, the controller 30 increases the voltage command value Vcc by ⁇ V2.
- step S60 the controller 30 determines again whether or not the current Ib is larger than 0 A (step S60). That is, the controller 30 determines whether or not the auxiliary power storage device 18 is discharged. If it is determined that current Ib is not greater than 0 A, that is, current Ib is 0 A (NO in step S60), the process proceeds to step S70, and the series of processes ends.
- the voltage supplied from the AC / DC converter 24 to the auxiliary load 16 can be set as low as possible within a range in which the auxiliary power storage device 18 is not discharged. As a result, the power consumption of the auxiliary load 16 during external charging is suppressed, and the charging efficiency is improved.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart in which the series of processes shown in FIG. 3 is repeatedly executed a predetermined number of times until the voltage of the auxiliary power storage device 18 is stabilized.
- this flowchart further includes steps S2, S62, and S64 in the flowchart shown in FIG. That is, when external charging is started, the controller 30 sets 0 to the counter i (step S2). Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S10.
- step S60 If it is determined in step S60 that the current Ib is not greater than 0A, that is, the current Ib is 0A (NO in step S60), the controller 30 adds 1 to the counter i (step S62). Thereafter, the controller 30 determines whether or not the counter i is greater than a predetermined value N (step S64).
- the predetermined value N is designed according to the time required for the voltage of the auxiliary power storage device 18 to stabilize.
- step S64 When counter i is N or less (NO in step S64), the process returns to step S30, and the set value of the auxiliary machine supply voltage is changed again. On the other hand, when it is determined in step S64 that counter i is greater than N (YES in step S64), the process proceeds to step S70, and the series of processes ends.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart in which the series of processing shown in FIG. 3 is repeatedly executed for a predetermined time until the voltage of the auxiliary power storage device 18 is stabilized.
- this flowchart further includes steps S4 and S66 in the flowchart shown in FIG. That is, when external charging is started, the controller 30 sets 0 to the timer value t (step S4). Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S10.
- step S60 If it is determined in step S60 that current Ib is not greater than 0A, that is, current Ib is 0A (NO in step S60), controller 30 determines whether timer value t is greater than predetermined time T or not. Is determined (step S66).
- the predetermined time T is a time required for the voltage of the auxiliary power storage device 18 to be stabilized.
- step S66 When the timer value t is equal to or shorter than the predetermined time T (NO in step S66), the process returns to step S30, and the set value of the auxiliary machine supply voltage is changed again. On the other hand, when it is determined in step S66 that timer value t is greater than predetermined time T (YES in step S66), the process proceeds to step S70, and the series of processes ends.
- the auxiliary power storage device 18 is not charged during external charging. Further, a current sensor 28 for detecting discharge of the auxiliary power storage device 18 is provided, and the output of the AC / DC converter 24 is confirmed while confirming whether the auxiliary power storage device 18 is discharged based on the detection value of the current sensor 28.
- the voltage Vc is adjusted. More specifically, the controller 30 is based on the detected value of the current sensor 28 so that the output voltage Vc of the AC / DC converter 24, that is, the supply voltage to the auxiliary load 16 is lowered within a range where the auxiliary power storage device 18 is not discharged.
- the AC / DC converter 24 is controlled. Therefore, according to the first embodiment, it is possible to further improve the charging efficiency during external charging.
- the overall configuration of the electric vehicle in the second embodiment is the same as that of the electric vehicle 1 in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the control structure of the controller 30 in the second embodiment.
- this flowchart further includes step S15 in the flowchart shown in FIG. That is, in step S10, when the auxiliary supply voltage, that is, the output voltage Vc of the AC / DC converter 24 is set to a predetermined maximum value, the controller 30 determines whether or not an abnormality of the current sensor 28 is detected. (Step S15).
- the abnormality of the current sensor 28 may be detected by the self-diagnosis function of the current sensor 28, or may be detected by the controller 30 based on a detection signal from the current sensor 28.
- step S15 when it determines with abnormality of the current sensor 28 having been detected in step S15 (in step S15 YES), the controller 30 transfers a process to step S70, without performing a subsequent process. That is, in this case, the voltage command value Vcc is set to a predetermined maximum value (step S10), and the output voltage Vc (auxiliary supply voltage) of the AC / DC converter 24 is controlled to the maximum value. If no abnormality of current sensor 28 is detected in step S15 (NO in step S15), the process proceeds to step S20.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart in which the series of processing shown in FIG. 6 is repeatedly performed a predetermined number of times until the voltage of the auxiliary power storage device 18 is stabilized. Referring to FIG. 7, this flowchart further includes steps S2, S25, S62, S64, and S68 in the flowchart shown in FIG. Steps S2, S62, and S64 are as described in FIG.
- step S20 determines whether or not an abnormality of the current sensor 28 is detected (step S25). If it is determined that an abnormality of current sensor 28 is detected (YES in step S25), controller 30 proceeds to step S68, and if no abnormality of current sensor 28 is detected ( In step S25 NO), the process proceeds to step S30.
- controller 30 sets auxiliary supply voltage, that is, output voltage Vc of AC / DC converter 24 to a predetermined maximum value. (Step S68). More specifically, controller 30 sets voltage command value Vcc to a predetermined value that is sufficiently higher than the voltage of auxiliary power storage device 18. Thereafter, the controller 30 shifts the process to step S70.
- step S64 If it is determined in step S64 that the counter i is N or less (NO in step S64), the process returns to step S25, and it is determined again whether or not an abnormality of the current sensor 28 is detected.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart in which the series of processing shown in FIG. 6 is repeatedly executed for a predetermined time until the voltage of the auxiliary power storage device 18 is stabilized.
- this flowchart further includes steps S4, S25, S66, and S68 in the flowchart shown in FIG. That is, when it is determined in step S66 that the timer value t is equal to or shorter than the predetermined time T (NO in step S66), the process is returned to step S25, and it is determined again whether an abnormality of the current sensor 28 is detected. Is done.
- step S15 or S25 If it is determined in step S15 or S25 that an abnormality of current sensor 28 has been detected (YES in step S15 or S25), the process proceeds to step S68, and the accessory supply voltage is set to a predetermined maximum value. .
- the auxiliary machine supply voltage (output voltage Vc of AC / DC converter 24) is set to a predetermined maximum value. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the auxiliary power storage device 18 from being discharged due to the abnormality of the current sensor 28.
- the main DC / DC converter 14 is operated when the AC / DC converter 24 lacks the operating power of the auxiliary load 16 due to the load fluctuation of the auxiliary load 16 during external charging.
- FIG. 9 is a chart for explaining the operating state of each related device when the operating power of the auxiliary machine load 16 is insufficient.
- system main relay SMR when the operating power of auxiliary load 16 is insufficient during external charging, system main relay SMR is turned on and relays RL1 and RL2 are turned on and off, respectively.
- the AC / DC converter 24 operates and the main DC / DC converter 14 also operates.
- the main DC / DC converter 14 is operated. It is possible to prevent the auxiliary power storage device 18 from being discharged while securing the operating power of the auxiliary load 16.
- FIG. 10 is an overall block diagram of an electric vehicle to which the charging system according to the fourth embodiment is applied.
- electrically powered vehicle 100 ⁇ / b> A includes sub DC / DC converter 25 instead of AC / DC converter 24 in the configuration of electrically powered vehicle 100 shown in FIG. 1.
- the auxiliary DC / DC converter 25 converts the DC power supplied from the DC power supply 51 outside the vehicle into the voltage level of the auxiliary load 16 and supplies the auxiliary load 16 to the auxiliary load 16 during external charging.
- sub DC / DC converter 25 controls output voltage Vc of sub DC / DC converter 25 to voltage command value Vcc in accordance with voltage command value Vcc given from controller 30.
- the sub DC / DC converter 25 is also smaller than the main DC / DC converter 14 that generates an auxiliary voltage when the vehicle is operating, as with the AC / DC converter 24.
- AC / DC converter 24 corresponds to an example of “converter” in the present invention
- sub DC / DC converter 25 also corresponds to an example of “converter” in the present invention.
- Auxiliary power storage device 18 corresponds to an embodiment of “auxiliary power supply” in the present invention
- controller 30 corresponds to an embodiment of “control device” in the present invention.
- main DC / DC converter 14 corresponds to an embodiment of “DC / DC converter” in the present invention.
- main power storage device 10 main power storage device, 12 vehicle drive system, 14 main DC / DC converter, 16 auxiliary load, 18 auxiliary power storage device, 20 charger, 22 charge inlet, 24 AC / DC converter, 25 sub DC / DC converter, 26 diode, 28 current sensor, 30 controller, 32, 34, 36 power supply line, 38 auxiliary power supply line, 50 AC power supply, 51 DC power supply, 52 connector, 100, 100A electric vehicle, SMR system main relay, RL1, RL2 relay .
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Abstract
Description
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1による充電システムが適用される電動車両の全体ブロック図である。図1を参照して、この電動車両100は、主蓄電装置10と、システムメインリレーSMRと、車両駆動システム12と、主DC/DCコンバータ14と、補機負荷16と、補機用蓄電装置18とを備える。また、電動車両100は、充電器20と、充電インレット22と、AC/DCコンバータ24と、ダイオード26と、電流センサ28と、リレーRL1,RL2と、コントローラ30とをさらに備える。
実施の形態1では、外部充電時に、電流センサ28によって補機用蓄電装置18の放電の有無が検知され、補機用蓄電装置18が放電しない範囲で、AC/DCコンバータ24から補機負荷16へ供給される電圧をできる限り低く設定するものとした。したがって、電流センサ28が異常の場合には、補機用蓄電装置18の放電の有無を検知できず、補機供給電圧(AC/DCコンバータ24の出力電圧)をどのレベルまで下げてよいかの判断ができなくなる。そこで、この実施の形態2では、電流センサ28の異常が検知された場合には、AC/DCコンバータ24の出力電圧が所定の最大値に設定される。
この実施の形態3では、外部充電時に、補機負荷16の負荷変動によりAC/DCコンバータ24では補機負荷16の動作電力が不足する場合、主DC/DCコンバータ14を動作させる。
この実施の形態4では、外部電源が直流電源の場合に、上述したAC/DCコンバータ24に代えてDC/DCコンバータが設けられる構成が示される。
Claims (7)
- 車両に搭載される蓄電装置(10)を車両外部の外部電源(50,51)によって充電可能に構成された車両の充電システムであって、
前記外部電源によって前記蓄電装置を充電する外部充電時に、前記外部電源から供給される電力を電圧変換して補機負荷(16)へ供給するように構成されたコンバータ(24,25)と、
前記補機負荷へ供給される電力を蓄える補機電源(18)と、
前記外部充電時に、前記補機電源の充電を防止しつつ前記補機電源の放電を許容するためのダイオード(26)と、
前記補機電源の放電を検出するための電流センサ(28)と、
前記電流センサの検出値に基づいて、前記補機電源の放電有無を確認しつつ前記コンバータの出力電圧を調整するための制御装置(30)とを備える、車両の充電システム。 - 前記制御装置は、前記電流センサの検出値が零のとき、前記コンバータの出力電圧を低減するように前記コンバータを制御する、請求の範囲1に記載の車両の充電システム。
- 前記制御装置は、前記電流センサの検出値が非零のとき、前記コンバータの出力電圧を増加するように前記コンバータを制御する、請求の範囲2に記載の車両の充電システム。
- 前記制御装置は、前記電流センサの異常が検出されたとき、前記コンバータの出力電圧を所定の最大値にするように前記コンバータを制御する、請求の範囲1に記載の車両の充電システム。
- 車両が走行可能なシステム起動時に、前記蓄電装置から出力される電力を電圧変換して前記補機負荷へ電力を供給するように構成されたDC/DCコンバータ(14)をさらに備え、
前記外部充電時に前記コンバータでは前記補機負荷の動作電力が不足する場合、前記DC/DCコンバータがさらに動作する、請求の範囲1に記載の車両の充電システム。 - 前記外部電源は、交流電源(50)であり、
前記コンバータは、AC/DCコンバータ(24)によって構成される、請求の範囲1に記載の車両の充電システム。 - 請求の範囲1に記載の充電システムと、
前記充電システムによって充電される蓄電装置(10)に蓄えられる電力を用いて走行トルクを発生する車両駆動システム(12)とを備える電動車両。
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JP2011532837A JP5267675B2 (ja) | 2009-09-25 | 2009-09-25 | 車両の充電システムおよびそれを備える電動車両 |
US13/390,195 US8907622B2 (en) | 2009-09-25 | 2009-09-25 | Vehicle charging system and electrically powered vehicle provided with the same |
PCT/JP2009/066598 WO2011036758A1 (ja) | 2009-09-25 | 2009-09-25 | 車両の充電システムおよびそれを備える電動車両 |
EP09849789.4A EP2481624B1 (en) | 2009-09-25 | 2009-09-25 | Vehicle charging system and electrically powered vehicle provided with the same |
CN200980161606.0A CN102574470B (zh) | 2009-09-25 | 2009-09-25 | 车辆的充电***及包含该车辆的充电***的电动车辆 |
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JP5348334B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-13 | 2013-11-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電動車両の電源装置およびその制御方法 |
CN102858582B (zh) * | 2011-04-13 | 2015-05-06 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 电动车辆的电源装置及其控制方法 |
JP5610066B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-21 | 2014-10-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電動車両の電源装置およびその制御方法 |
CN103492214A (zh) * | 2011-04-21 | 2014-01-01 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 电动车辆的电源装置及其控制方法 |
US9172252B2 (en) | 2011-04-21 | 2015-10-27 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Power supply apparatus for electrically powered vehicle and method for controlling the same |
EP2700529A4 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2015-11-25 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | POWER SUPPLY APPARATUS FOR ELECTRIC PROPULSION VEHICLE AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE SAME |
WO2012144045A1 (ja) * | 2011-04-21 | 2012-10-26 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電動車両の電源装置およびその制御方法 |
WO2016158190A1 (ja) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-10-06 | 株式会社東芝 | 電源補助装置 |
JP2016187280A (ja) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-10-27 | 株式会社東芝 | 電源補助装置 |
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CN102574470A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
JPWO2011036758A1 (ja) | 2013-02-14 |
US20120169281A1 (en) | 2012-07-05 |
EP2481624A4 (en) | 2016-12-14 |
US8907622B2 (en) | 2014-12-09 |
CN102574470B (zh) | 2014-07-09 |
EP2481624A1 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
EP2481624B1 (en) | 2018-07-25 |
JP5267675B2 (ja) | 2013-08-21 |
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