WO2011030640A1 - Pfcコンバータ - Google Patents
Pfcコンバータ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011030640A1 WO2011030640A1 PCT/JP2010/063294 JP2010063294W WO2011030640A1 WO 2011030640 A1 WO2011030640 A1 WO 2011030640A1 JP 2010063294 W JP2010063294 W JP 2010063294W WO 2011030640 A1 WO2011030640 A1 WO 2011030640A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4225—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a non-isolated boost converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration
- H02M1/0085—Partially controlled bridges
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a PFC converter for improving a power factor, which is a kind of AC-DC converter that inputs an AC power supply and outputs a DC voltage.
- a general switching power supply device that uses a commercial AC power supply as an input power supply rectifies and smoothes the commercial AC power supply and converts it to a DC voltage, which is then switched by a DC-DC converter. Is greatly distorted. In order to prevent disturbances caused by the harmonic currents generated in this way, in Japan and Europe, etc., harmonic current regulation, classified according to application and input power, is performed on the power supply of electronic devices. Yes.
- PFC power factor correction circuit
- the input power is input from the commercial AC power source Vi through the low-pass filter FIL and becomes a pulsating voltage by the full-wave rectifier circuit RF1.
- This pulsating voltage is input to a chopper circuit configured by a rectifying / smoothing circuit including an inductor L1, a switching element Q1, a diode D1, and a smoothing capacitor C1 in the subsequent stage.
- the switching element Q1 constituting the chopper circuit is controlled to be turned on and off so that the waveform of the input current Iir is similar to the waveform of Vi as the input voltage, that is, in the form of a sine wave having the same phase.
- the control circuit includes an error amplifier A, a circuit B that detects that the inductor current becomes zero, a current detector F, a voltage detector G, a multiplier H, a comparator E, a pulse generator C, and a drive circuit D. .
- a value obtained by multiplying the output of the error amplifier A corresponding to the voltage across the smoothing capacitor C1 by the output of the voltage detector G is the output of the multiplier H.
- the switch circuit Q1 is turned off by the drive circuit D via the pulse generator C.
- the detection circuit B outputs a signal.
- the switch element Q1 is turned on again.
- a current continuous mode is widely known.
- the switching frequency is fixed, and the turn-on and turn-off are controlled so that the average value of the inductor current flowing through the inductor follows the reference sine wave.
- Patent Document 2 describes a method in which an upper limit value and a lower limit value of a minute width are provided with respect to a reference sine wave, and the turn-on / turn-off of the switching element is controlled so as to fall between these values. .
- An object of the present invention is to provide a PFC converter that improves the switching loss by controlling the ripple of the inductor current and that can be applied to high power applications.
- the present invention is configured as follows.
- the first type PFC converter includes a rectifier circuit that rectifies an AC voltage input from an AC input power supply, a series circuit including an inductor and a switching element connected to the next stage of the rectifier circuit, and a parallel circuit connected to the switching element.
- a rectifying and smoothing circuit connected to the rectifying circuit; an input voltage detecting means for detecting an input voltage input from the rectifying circuit; an inductor current detecting means for detecting a current flowing through the inductor; and an output voltage of the rectifying and smoothing circuit.
- Output voltage detecting means, and switching control means for controlling the switching element so that an average value of the inductor current is similar to the input voltage, wherein the inductor current is a first threshold value.
- the switching element is turned off when the current reaches the second threshold and the inductor current reaches a second threshold value.
- the switching element is configured to turn on.
- a reference value of the inductor current is set based on the results of the input voltage detection unit and the output voltage detection unit, and the first threshold value is set.
- the value is generated by adding a predetermined value to the reference value, and the second threshold value is generated by subtracting the predetermined value from the reference value.
- the second type PFC converter includes a first series circuit including a first switching element and a first rectifying element connected in parallel to a load, the first switching element, and the first rectifying element.
- An inductor connected between the connection point of the element and the first input terminal of the AC input power supply; a parallel connection to the load; a second switching element and a second rectifying element;
- a connection point between the second switching element and the second rectifying element is connected to the second input terminal of the AC input power source, a smoothing circuit connected in parallel to the load,
- Input voltage detection means for detecting an input voltage input from an AC input power supply, output voltage detection means for detecting an output voltage of the smoothing circuit, inductor current detection means for detecting a current flowing through the inductor, and the inductor power Switching control means for controlling the first and second switching elements so that the average value of the inductor current is similar to the input voltage, and when the inductor current reaches a first threshold value In the switching control means, the first and second switching elements are turned
- a reference value of the inductor current is set, and the first threshold value is generated by adding a predetermined value to the reference value,
- the second threshold value is configured to be generated by subtracting the predetermined value from the reference value.
- the predetermined value changes in synchronization with the phase of the input voltage.
- the first type and second type PFC converters of the present invention it is preferable to delay the turn-on of the switching element when the load is light and the reference value of the inductor current is small.
- the next turn-on after a predetermined time has elapsed starting from the turn-on or turn-off of the switching element or zero current.
- the predetermined time varies according to the phase of the input voltage.
- the switching frequency can be reduced by arbitrarily setting the ripple of the inductor current according to the load. As a result, unnecessary switching loss can be improved. It can also be applied to high power applications.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the PFC converter of the first embodiment.
- reference signs P ⁇ b> 11 and P ⁇ b> 12 are input ends of the PFC converter 101
- reference signs P ⁇ b> 21 and P ⁇ b> 22 are output ends of the PFC converter 101.
- An AC input power supply Vac which is a commercial AC power supply, is input to the input terminals P11 to P12, and a load circuit 30 is connected to the output terminals P21 to P22.
- the load circuit 30 is, for example, a DC-DC converter and a circuit of an electronic device that is supplied with power by the DC-DC converter.
- a diode bridge B1 which is a rectifier circuit for full-wave rectifying the AC voltage of the AC input power supply Vac is provided.
- a series circuit of an inductor L1 and a switching element Q1 is connected to the output side of the diode bridge B1.
- the switching element Q1 is connected in series with a current detection resistor R1 for detecting the current flowing through the inductor L1.
- a rectifying / smoothing circuit including a diode D1 and a smoothing capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to both ends of the series circuit of the switching element Q1 and the current detection resistor R1.
- the inductor L1, the switching element Q1, the diode D1, and the smoothing capacitor C1 constitute a so-called boost chopper circuit.
- An input voltage detection circuit 11 is provided between both ends on the output side of the diode bridge B1.
- An output voltage detection circuit 12 is provided between the output terminals P21 and P22.
- the switching control circuit 35 includes an addition element 13 that compares the detection signal S2 of the output voltage detection circuit 12 and the reference voltage Vref, a voltage compensator 15, and the detection signal S1 of the input voltage detection circuit 11 and the voltage compensator 15.
- a multiplier 17 that multiplies the output, a threshold setter 19, comparators 21 and 23 that compare the detection signal of the current detection resistor R1 and the output of the threshold setter 19, and a flip-flop 25. Yes.
- the error between the output voltage Vo and the reference voltage Vref is input to the voltage compensator 15 by the addition element 13.
- Multiplier 17 generates a reference value for controlling the inductor current. In order to make the inductor current average value a sine wave similar to the input voltage, this reference value is generated by multiplying the detection signal S1 of the input voltage detection circuit 11 and the output of the voltage compensator 15.
- the threshold value setter 19 adds and subtracts a predetermined value to the reference value generated by the multiplier 17 to generate a first threshold value and a second threshold value, respectively.
- the predetermined value can be arbitrarily set, and is set so that the load loss, the inductor saturation current, the phase of the input voltage, and the like are taken into consideration, and as a result, the switching loss is improved.
- the first and second threshold values are input to the comparators 21 and 23, respectively, and compared with the inductor current detected by the current detection resistor R1.
- the comparator 23 detects that the inductor current value is higher than the first threshold value, a signal is input to the reset terminal of the flip-flop 25 to turn off the switching element Q1.
- the converter 21 detects that the inductor current value is lower than the second threshold value, a signal is input to the set terminal of the flip-flop 25 to turn on the switching element Q1.
- FIG. 2 shows a waveform diagram of the inductor current and the first and second threshold values in a half cycle of the AC input power supply according to the first embodiment. It is controlled that the switching element is turned off when the inductor current becomes the first threshold value, and that the switching element is turned on when the inductor current becomes the second threshold value. Show.
- the predetermined value is set so that the ripple becomes large in a range where the ripple of the inductor current does not exceed the inductor saturation current. As a result, the number of times of switching can be reduced. Since the switching loss occurs when the switching element is turned on and off, the switching loss is improved by reducing the number of times of switching.
- a predetermined value is set large so that the ripple increases near the rise and fall of the inductor current, and the switching loss is improved.
- a predetermined value is set small so that the ripple is small, and control is performed so as not to exceed the inductor saturation current.
- the switching loss can be improved while considering the inductor saturation current.
- the predetermined value is set as follows.
- the inductor average current is controlled to be small.
- the difference between the reference value and the inductor saturation current becomes large, and the predetermined value can be set large.
- the switching loss is also improved near the peak of the inductor current.
- the switching frequency is not fixed, the EMI noise is also improved.
- DSP digital signal processor
- FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram of the PFC converter of the second embodiment.
- a characteristic part is an AND circuit 27 and a monostable multivibrator 29 that outputs a one-pulse signal, which is provided in the subsequent stage of the comparator 21.
- the detection result of the turn-on output signal from the flip-flop 35 is input to the monostable multivibrator 29, and one pulse for a certain period is output from that time point.
- This one pulse is input to the AND circuit together with the output of the comparator 21, and the next turn-on of the switching element is limited during the one pulse period.
- the next turn-on is delayed and the next turn-on is performed after a predetermined time has elapsed, as shown in FIG.
- the operation can be performed with a period in which the inductor current is discontinuous. As a result, for example, an increase in switching frequency at light load can be suppressed.
- the starting point at which the monostable multivibrator 29 outputs one pulse is not limited to turning on the switching element, but may be turning off or when the current of the switching element becomes zero. Further, the predetermined time to be delayed may change according to the phase of the input voltage.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit block diagram of the PFC converter of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing current paths at four timings of the PFC converter 101.
- the PFC converter 101 shown in FIG. 5 is a diode bridgeless PFC converter including an inductor connected to an input power supply without going through a diode bridge and two switching elements.
- reference signs P ⁇ b> 11 and P ⁇ b> 12 are input ends of the PFC converter 101
- reference signs P ⁇ b> 21 and P ⁇ b> 22 are output ends of the PFC converter 101.
- An AC input power supply Vac which is a commercial AC power supply, is input to the input terminals P11 to P12, and a load circuit 20 is connected to the output terminals P21 to P22.
- the load circuit 20 is, for example, a DC-DC converter and a circuit of an electronic device that is supplied with power by the DC-DC converter.
- An input voltage detection circuit 11 is provided at the input stage of the PFC converter 101, and an inductor L1 is connected in series to one line.
- a bridge circuit including diodes D1 and D2 and switching elements Q1 and Q2 is connected to the subsequent stage of the inductor L1.
- Current detection resistors R1 and R2 are connected between the sources of the switching elements Q1 and Q2 and the ground.
- a smoothing circuit comprising a smoothing capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to the output of the bridge circuit.
- FIG. 6A is a positive half cycle of the AC input power source, and the current path when the switching elements Q1 and Q2 are both on.
- FIG. 6B is a positive half cycle of the AC input power source. This is a current path when both of the switching elements Q1 and Q2 are off.
- FIG. 6C shows the negative half cycle of the AC input power supply, and the current path when the switching elements Q1 and Q2 are both on.
- FIG. 6D shows the negative half cycle of the AC input power supply.
- the current path is when the switching elements Q1 and Q2 are both off.
- the current detection resistor R1 and the current detection resistor R2 are provided for detecting the current flowing through the inductor L1 in the positive half cycle of the AC input power supply or the negative half cycle of the AC input power supply.
- the switching control circuit 13 shown in FIG. 5 controls the inductor current by the method shown in the first embodiment or the method shown in the second embodiment.
- the inductor current is controlled by the same method as in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the first threshold value and the second threshold value generated inside the switching control circuit 13, The inductor current is compared by the comparator, and Q1 and Q2 are turned on and off, respectively.
- control can be facilitated by using a DSP (digital signal processor) as the switching control circuit 35.
- DSP digital signal processor
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Abstract
Description
図1は本第1実施例のPFCコンバータの回路ブロック図である。図1において符号P11、P12はPFCコンバータ101の入力端、符号P21、P22はPFCコンバータ101の出力端である。入力端P11-P12には商用交流電源である交流入力電源Vacが入力され、出力端P21-P22には負荷回路30が接続される。
図3は本第2実施例のPFCコンバータの回路ブロック図である。特徴となる部分はコンパレータ21の後段に設けられた、AND回路27とワンパルス信号を出力する単安定マルチバイブレータ29である。
図5は本第3実施例のPFCコンバータの回路ブロック図である。また図6はPFCコンバータ101の4つのタイミングでの電流経路を示す図である。
C1 平滑コンデンサ
D1、D2 ダイオード
Iac 入力電流
IL インダクタ電流
L1 インダクタ
P11、P12 入力端
P21、P22 出力端
Q1、Q2 スイッチング素子
R1、R2 電流検出用抵抗
Vac 交流入力電源
Vo 出力電圧
Vref 出力電圧目標値
11 入力電圧検出回路
12 出力電圧検出回路
13 加算要素
15 電圧補償器
17 乗算器
19 しきい値設定器
21、23 コンパレータ
25 フリップフロップ
27 AND回路
29 単安定マルチバイブレータ
30 負荷回路
35 スイッチング制御回路
101 PFCコンバータ
Claims (6)
- 交流入力電源から入力される交流電圧を整流する整流回路と、
前記整流回路の次段に接続された、インダクタ及びスイッチング素子を含む直列回路と、
前記スイッチング素子に並列に接続された整流平滑回路と、
前記整流回路から入力される入力電圧を検出する入力電圧検出手段と、
前記インダクタに流れる電流を検出するインダクタ電流検出手段と、
前記整流平滑回路の出力電圧を検出する出力電圧検出手段と、
前記インダクタ電流の平均値が前記入力電圧に対して相似形となるように、前記スイッチング素子を制御するスイッチング制御手段とを備え、
前記インダクタ電流が第1のしきい値に達したときに前記スイッチング素子をターンオフし、前記インダクタ電流が第2のしきい値に達したときに前記スイッチング素子をターンオンするように構成され、
前記スイッチング制御手段において、前記入力電圧検出手段および前記出力電圧検出手段の結果から、前記インダクタ電流の基準値が設定されており、
前記第1のしきい値は前記基準値に所定の値を加算して生成され、前記第2のしきい値は前記基準値から前記所定の値を減算して生成されるように構成されたことを特徴とするPFCコンバータ。 - 負荷に対して並列に接続された、第1のスイッチング素子と第1の整流素子を含む第1の直列回路と、
前記第1のスイッチング素子と前記第1の整流素子との接続点と、交流入力電源の第1の入力端との間に接続されたインダクタと、
負荷に対して並列に接続され、第2のスイッチング素子と第2の整流素子を含み、第2のスイッチング素子と第2の整流素子との接続点が前記交流入力電源の第2の入力端に接続された第2の直列回路と、
負荷に対して並列に接続された平滑回路と、
前記交流入力電源から入力される入力電圧を検出する入力電圧検出手段と、
前記平滑回路の出力電圧を検出する出力電圧検出手段と、
前記インダクタに流れる電流を検出するインダクタ電流検出手段と、
前記インダクタ電流の平均値が前記入力電圧に対して相似形となるように前記第1及び第2のスイッチング素子を制御するスイッチング制御手段とを備え、
前記インダクタ電流が第1のしきい値に達したときに前記第1及び第2のスイッチング素子をオフし、前記インダクタ電流が第2のしきい値に達したときに前記第1及び第2のスイッチング素子をオンするように構成され、
前記スイッチング制御手段において、前記入力電圧検出手段および前記出力電圧検出手段の結果から、前記インダクタ電流の基準値が設定されており、
前記第1のしきい値は前記基準値に所定の値を加算して生成され、前記第2のしきい値は前記基準値から前記所定の値を減算して生成されるように構成されたことを特徴とするPFCコンバータ。 - 前記所定の値が、入力電圧の位相に同期して変化することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載のPFCコンバータ。
- 軽負荷であって前記インダクタ電流の基準値が小さいときに、前記スイッチング素子のターンオンを遅延することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載のPFCコンバータ。
- 前記スイッチング素子のターンオンまたはターンオフまたは電流ゼロを起点として、所定時間経過後に次のターンオンを実施することを特徴とする請求項4に記載のPFCコンバータ。
- 前記所定時間が入力電圧の位相に応じて変化することを特徴とする請求項5に記載のPFCコンバータ。
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CN201080040207.1A CN102484425B (zh) | 2009-09-11 | 2010-08-05 | Pfc转换器 |
JP2011530784A JP5316823B2 (ja) | 2009-09-11 | 2010-08-05 | Pfcコンバータ |
US13/406,602 US8508195B2 (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2012-02-28 | PFC converter using a predetermined value that varies in synchronization with a phase of the input voltage |
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US13/406,602 Continuation US8508195B2 (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2012-02-28 | PFC converter using a predetermined value that varies in synchronization with a phase of the input voltage |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102484425B (zh) | 2014-12-10 |
CN102484425A (zh) | 2012-05-30 |
JPWO2011030640A1 (ja) | 2013-02-04 |
JP5316823B2 (ja) | 2013-10-16 |
US8508195B2 (en) | 2013-08-13 |
US20120155132A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
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