WO2011029311A1 - 一种复合材料杆塔外侧竖直接地引下方法及其杆塔 - Google Patents

一种复合材料杆塔外侧竖直接地引下方法及其杆塔 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011029311A1
WO2011029311A1 PCT/CN2010/072442 CN2010072442W WO2011029311A1 WO 2011029311 A1 WO2011029311 A1 WO 2011029311A1 CN 2010072442 W CN2010072442 W CN 2010072442W WO 2011029311 A1 WO2011029311 A1 WO 2011029311A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
down conductor
tower
grounding down
grounding
conductor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/072442
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李汉明
李志军
魏前虎
刘庭
邓世聪
霍锋
詹铭
戴敏
周伟才
刘凯
张育华
邬雄
曹宁
谷定燮
周沛洪
何慧雯
娄颖
李振强
Original Assignee
国网电力科学研究院
广东电网公司深圳供电局
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN200910063896A external-priority patent/CN101692547A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201010116972A external-priority patent/CN101752819A/zh
Application filed by 国网电力科学研究院, 广东电网公司深圳供电局 filed Critical 国网电力科学研究院
Priority to US13/395,103 priority Critical patent/US8785768B2/en
Publication of WO2011029311A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011029311A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G7/00—Overhead installations of electric lines or cables
    • H02G7/20—Spatial arrangements or dispositions of lines or cables on poles, posts or towers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
    • H01R4/66—Connections with the terrestrial mass, e.g. earth plate, earth pin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G1/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
    • H02G1/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for overhead lines or cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G13/00—Installations of lightning conductors; Fastening thereof to supporting structure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vertical direct guiding method for a composite material tower outside and a pole tower thereof, and belongs to the field of transmission technology application in a power system. Background technique
  • the tower is an important equipment for transmission lines, and the characteristics of the materials used directly affect the safety, economy and reliability of the line operation. Since steel has the advantages of high strength-to-weight ratio, easy processing and installation, most of the high-voltage grades at home and abroad currently use all-steel poles. However, all steel towers also have defects such as high quality (high density of steel) and easy rust. Therefore, it is necessary to invest a large amount of manpower and material resources in the construction and maintenance of the tower.
  • the composite material has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance, high and low temperature resistance, good durability and strong insulation, which makes the composite tower have low transportation cost (especially It is in the sparsely populated mountain areas, anti-pollution, anti-corrosion, etc., and has a good application prospect.
  • Composite rod towers have been used in large quantities in Canada and parts of the United States.
  • China's line towers mainly use reinforced concrete, wood, steel and other materials (the l lOkV and above voltage grade lines usually use all-steel towers). Due to the outstanding advantages of composite towers, many areas in China are also preparing to use composite poles ( Usually at l lOkV and above voltage levels). Because of the problems in these areas: large investment in line corridors, dense lightning activities, serious pollution, etc., when using composite rod towers in China, the main purpose is to reduce the width of the transmission corridor (refer to reduce the maximum between the transmission line conductors). Horizontal distance), lightning protection (refers to reducing the lightning failure rate) and anti-fouling (refer to reduce the frequency of pollution flashover failure rate by increasing the flashover creepage distance).
  • the present invention provides a method for vertically lowering the outer side of a composite material tower and a pole tower thereof, which can fully exert the insulation effect of the composite material tower tower body, so that the composite material tower is compressed and prevented in the width of the transmission corridor.
  • the electrical properties such as lightning and antifouling reflect its value and advantages.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is: a method for vertically lowering the outer side of a composite material tower, characterized in that: a metal crossarm on a grounding down conductor is erected on an extension line of the ground rail transverse load, where the metal cross The end of the load is vertically led to the grounding down conductor.
  • the grounding down conductor is connected to the tower through a metal crossarm under the corresponding grounding down conductor at a certain distance below the lower phase conductor.
  • the grounding down conductor is grounded along the tower body. If the lower part of the tower is a steel pipe, the grounding down conductor can be grounded directly through the metal cross arm under the grounding down conductor.
  • the method for vertically lowering the outer side of the composite material tower as described above is characterized in that: two metal crossarms of the grounding down conductor are erected on the extension lines on both sides of the ground rail, and the two sections are grounded at the same time. The end of the metal crossarm on the down line is vertical and the two grounding bows are down.
  • the method for vertically guiding the outer side of the composite material tower as described above is characterized in that: the grounding down conductor and the composite material tower can be supported by an insulating rod or a composite insulator to ensure that the grounding down conductor is subjected to the operation process. Large bending deformation does not occur when a strong wind or the like acts.
  • the utility model relates to a composite pole tower which is vertically vertical and is characterized in that: a metal crossarm of a grounding down conductor is arranged on an extension line of one side of the ground rail, and the grounding lead is vertically led at the end of the metal crossarm. Downline, the grounding down conductor is connected to the tower through a metal crossarm under the corresponding grounding down conductor at a certain distance below the lower phase conductor. Finally, the grounding down conductor is grounded along the tower body. If the lower part of the tower is a steel pipe, grounding The down conductor can be directly grounded through the metal cross arm under the grounding down conductor.
  • the outer vertical vertical composite rod tower as described above is characterized in that: two metal crossarms on the grounding down conductor are erected on the extension lines on both sides of the ground cross arm, and the two sections are grounded down the line. The ends of the metal crossarms are vertically led to the two grounding down conductors.
  • the outer vertical vertical composite rod tower as described above is characterized by: a grounding down conductor and a composite rod
  • the support members of the tower are insulated rods or composite insulators.
  • the lightning strike insulation strength of the line back to the ground can be controlled by adjusting the minimum gap distance between the grounding down conductor and the near side conductor, thereby controlling the single tripping rate, and because of the single side grounding down manner
  • the two lines of the line are unbalanced insulation, and the double-return and simultaneous lightning trip rate of the line is greatly reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a single-sided grounding down conductor in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of a single-sided grounding down conductor in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a front elevational view of a bilateral grounding down conductor in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a front elevational view of a bilateral grounding down conductor in an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • FIG. 1 a ground crossarm
  • 2 a metal crossarm on the ground lead
  • 3 a ground lead
  • 5 composite insulator
  • 6 - cross-arm fittings 7-tower's tower body part
  • 8 - grounding line 9-near side wire
  • 10 - far side wire 11 lower phase wire
  • 12 - tower body lower part 13 - tower body lower part.
  • a metal crossarm 2 of a grounding down conductor is erected on an extension line of the ground crossarm 1 , and the grounding down conductor 3 is vertically led at the end of the metal cross arm 2, and the grounding down conductor 3 is The minimum air gap distance from the proximal conductor is determined by the lightning protection calculation)), and the grounding down conductor 3 is connected to the tower through a corresponding grounding down conductor metal crossarm 4 at a certain distance below the lower phase conductor.
  • the grounding crossarm 1 When erecting two sections of grounding down conductor, the grounding crossarm 1 leads the two sections of the grounding down conductor on the two extension lines.
  • Crossarm 2 (where the length of the left grounding down conductor is D 1 ; the length of the right grounding down conductor is D 2 , and the value of D ⁇ BD 2 is determined by lightning protection calculation), where the two sections are grounded down the line
  • the ends of the metal crossarm 2 are vertically led to the two grounding down conductors 3, and the two grounding down conductors 3 are connected to the lower metal conductors under the lower phase conductors 12 by a distance D3 through the corresponding two grounding down conductors.
  • the width of the line corridor is not controlled by the relative insulation requirements, but only by the inter-phase insulation of the two levels of the same level, so that the width of the line corridor can be greatly compressed. Since the grounding down conductor does not pass through the tower body, the grounding down conductor is short-circuited to the composite material tower tower body, and the insulation effect of the composite material tower body is exerted, so that the creepage distance of the conductor to the ground is increased, and the workmanship is enhanced. The ability of frequency pollution.
  • the invention can also adjust the minimum air gap distance between the grounding down conductor and the proximal conductor according to the law of lightning activity in the area where the line is located, thereby controlling the lightning tripping rate of the single return of the line, and the double return of the line.
  • the trip rate is related to the corridor width of the line.
  • the two grounding down conductors 3 vertically connected are connected to the metal cross arm 4 under the grounding down conductor, and the grounding down conductor 3 is connected to the ground along the tower body, if the composite pole tower is a composite material for the tower head and the remaining part If the steel pipe is used, as long as the metal crossarm 4 under the grounding down conductor is fixed to the remaining part of the steel pipe, it can be directly connected to the earth through the steel pipe tower, thereby avoiding the grounding down conductor 3 directly pulling vertically to the ground. , the inconvenience of life.
  • the metal crossarm 2 on the grounding down conductor and the metal crossarm 4 under the grounding down conductor also play the role of the grounding down conductor 3 drawn vertically, so that the grounding down conductor 3 does not under the stress of strong wind or the like. Large bending deformation will occur.
  • the grounding down conductor 3 should be made of high-strength, non-deformable conductor. If you want to further ensure that the grounding conductor 3 is not bent and deformed, you can add a supporting insulator to connect the two grounding conductors. Supported with the composite pole tower; a composite composite insulator 5 may also be added to the conductor crossarm to support the two grounding down conductors 3 and the conductors.
  • the composite material tower grounding method is intuitive, simple and clear, and easy to implement.
  • the single-sided grounding down conductor is adopted, which is more economical and economical.
  • the width of the line corridor is limited by the double tripping rate at the same time, and it is not suitable for ultimate compression.

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  • Electric Cable Installation (AREA)
  • Suspension Of Electric Lines Or Cables (AREA)

Description

一种复合材料杆塔外侧竖直接地引下方法及其杆塔
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合材料杆塔外侧竖直接地引下方法及其杆塔，属于电力***中输 电技术应用领域。 背景技术
杆塔是输电线路的重要设备，其使用材料的特性直接影响到线路运行的安全性、经 济性和可靠性。 由于钢材具有强度重量比高， 易加工和安装等优点， 国内外目前在高电 压等级大多采用全钢材杆塔。 但是全钢杆塔也存在质量大（钢材密度较高） 、 易锈蚀等 缺陷，所以在杆塔施工运输及维护方面需要投入较大的人力和物力。而随着复合材料生 产技术及其制造工艺的发展， 复合材料具有重量轻、 强度大、 耐腐蚀、 耐高低温、 耐久 性能好及绝缘性强等特点，使得复合材料杆塔具有运输成本低（特别是在人烟稀少的山 区） 、 防污、 防腐等优点， 有着很好的应用前景。 目前在加拿大、 美国部分地区已经大 量采用复合材料杆塔。
但是加拿大、 美国使用复合材料杆塔时， 未考虑防雷的问题。其主要原因是其采用 复合材料杆塔的线路所经地区是少雷区（由于加拿大、美国部分地区常年处于冬季， 这 些地区的雷暴日很小） 。 另外， 加拿大、 美国使用复合材料杆塔的线路大多是 l lOkV 以下电压等级， 这些电压等级***是中心点不接地***， 而且电压等级低， 雷击故障对 ***的冲击不大。
目前我国线路杆塔主要采用钢筋凝泥土、 木材、 钢材等材料 （l lOkV及以上电压等 级线路通常采用全钢杆塔）， 由于复合材料杆塔有较为突出的优点， 我国很多地区也准 备使用复合材料杆塔（大多在 l lOkV及以上电压等级） 。 由于这些地区存在着： 线路走 廊的投入较大、 雷电活动密集、 污秽严重等问题， 所以我国在使用复合材料杆塔时， 其 主要目的是在压缩输电走廊宽度（指减小输电线路导线间的最大水平距离） 、 防雷（指 降低雷击故障率） 和防污 （指通过增加污闪爬电距离来降低工频污闪故障率） 等。
正是复合材料杆塔面临着防雷的问题， 所以需要线路架设避雷线（由于加拿大、美 国在采用复合材料杆塔时未考虑防雷的问题， 因而未架设避雷线）， 而且为了释放雷击 避雷线 （也称 "地线"）或塔顶时的雷电能量， 以提高线路的反击耐雷水平， 降低线路 的雷击故障率， 需要复合材料杆塔逐塔接地。 因此，在雷电活动密集的地区，输电线路复合材料杆塔的应用存在着接地引下的问 题（全钢杆塔由于塔身为金属导体， 地线自然就通过塔身直接接到大地， 所以不存在再 去考虑接地引下的问题）， 其接地引下存在多种不同的方法， 接地引下方法将直接影响 到复合材料杆塔的防雷效果， 而且还影响到线路的输电走廊宽度压缩和防污等，所以复 合材料杆塔的接地引下方法是其应用中需要首先解决的关键技术和难点。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种复合材料杆塔外侧竖直接地引下方法及其杆 塔， 该发明可以充分发挥复合材料杆塔塔身的绝缘作用，使得复合材料杆塔在输电走廊 宽度压缩、 防雷以及防污等电气性能方面体现其价值和优势。
本发明的技术方案是： 一种复合材料杆塔外侧竖直接地引下方法， 其特征在于： 在 地线横担的某一边延长线上架设一段接地引下线上金属横担，在此金属横担的末端竖直 引下接地引下线，此接地引下线在下相导线下方一定距离通过对应的接地引下线下金属 横担联接到杆塔上， 最后接地引下线顺着塔身接地， 如果塔身下部分是钢管， 接地引下 线可直接通过接地引下线下金属横担联接在钢管上来接地。
如上所述的一种复合材料杆塔外侧竖直接地引下方法，其特征在于： 在地线横担的 两边边延长线上架设两段接地引下线上金属横担，同时在此两段接地引下线上金属横担 的末端竖直弓 I下两根接地弓 I下线。
如上所述的一种复合材料杆塔外侧竖直接地引下方法，其特征在于： 接地引下线与 复合材料杆塔间可以用绝缘杆或复合绝缘子进行支撑，确保接地引下线在运行过程中承 受大风等应力作用时不会发生较大的弯曲变形。
一种外侧竖直接地的复合材料杆塔，其特征在于： 在地线横担的某一边延长线上架 设一段接地引下线上金属横担，在此金属横担的末端竖直引下接地引下线，此接地引下 线在下相导线下方一定距离通过对应的接地引下线下金属横担联接到杆塔上，最后接地 引下线顺着塔身接地， 如果塔身下部分是钢管，接地引下线可直接通过接地引下线下金 属横担联接在钢管上来接地。
如上所述的外侧竖直接地的复合材料杆塔，其特征在于： 在地线横担的两边边延长 线上架设两段接地引下线上金属横担，同时在此两段接地引下线上金属横担的末端竖直 引下两根接地引下线。
如上所述的外侧竖直接地的复合材料杆塔，其特征在于： 接地引下线与复合材料杆 塔的支撑部件是绝缘杆或复合绝缘子。
本发明的有益效果是：
( 1 ) 利于压缩输电走廊宽度。 线路的输电走廊宽度影响着线路的相间雷击闪络跳 闸率或双回同时雷击跳闸率。
( 2) 利于防雷设计。 可以通过调节接地引下线与近侧导线间的最小间隙距离来控 制线路一回导线对地的雷电冲击绝缘强度， 以此来控制单回跳闸率， 又由于此种单边接 地引下方式使得线路的两回为不平衡绝缘， 线路的双回同时雷击跳闸率得到了大大降 低。
( 3)避免了接地引下线短接复合材料杆塔塔身，发挥了复合材料塔身的绝缘作用， 使得导线对地的爬电距离加大， 增强了其耐工频污闪的能力；
(4) 避免了接地引下线拉到地面上时， 对生活的不便影响；
( 5) 由于线路采用了单边接地引下线， 更加省材、 经济；
(6) 结构简便， 易于实现。 附图说明
图 1是本发明实施例中单边接地引下线的正视图。
图 2是本发明实施例中单边接地引下线的主视图。
图 3是本发明实施例中双边接地引下线的正视图。
图 4是本发明实施例中双边接地引下线的主视图。 具体实施方式
图 1， 3中标记说明： 1一地线横担， 2—接地引下线上金属横担， 3—接地引下线， 4一接地引下线下金属横担， 5—复合绝缘子， 6—横担金具， 7—塔头的塔身部分， 8— 地线， 9一近侧导线， 10—远侧导线， 11一下相导线， 12—塔身下部分， 13—塔身下部 分。
本发明中在地线横担 1的某一边延长线上架设一段接地引下线上金属横担 2， 在此 金属横担 2的末端竖直引下接地引下线 3， 接地引下线 3与近侧导线的最小空气间隙距 离为 ^又值由防雷计算确定） ） ， 此接地引下线 3在下相导线下方一定距离通过对 应的接地引下线下金属横担 4联接到杆塔上
架设两段接地引下线时，将地线横担 1在两边延长线上引出两段接地引下线上金属 横担 2 (其中左边接地引下线的长度为 D1 ; 右边接地引下线的长度为 D2， D^B D2的取值 由防雷计算确定），在此两段接地引下线上金属横担 2的末端竖直引下两接地引下线 3， 该两接地引下线 3在下相导线 12下方一定距离 D3通过对应的另两根接地引下线下金属 横担 4联接到杆塔上。
由于塔头的塔身部分采用绝缘的复合材料， 线路走廊宽度不受相对地绝缘要求控 制， 而只受同一水平高度的两导线相间绝缘等要求的控制， 因此， 线路走廊宽度可以大 大压缩。 由于接地引下线未经过塔身， 避免了接地引下线短接复合材料杆塔塔身， 发挥 了复合材料塔身的绝缘作用，使得导线对地的爬电距离加大，增强了其耐工频污闪的能 力。
本发明还可以根据线路所在地区雷电活动的规律， 通过调整 D B 的长度来调整 接地引下线与近侧导线间最小空气间隙距离， 以此来控制线路单回的雷击跳闸率， 线路 的双回同时跳闸率与线路的走廊宽度有关。
竖直引下的两接地引下线 3联接到接地引下线下金属横担 4后，接地引下线 3顺着 塔身接入大地， 如果复合材料杆塔是塔头用复合材料而余下部分用钢管的话， 只要接地 引下线下金属横担 4是固定在余下部分的钢管， 就可直接通过钢管塔身接入大地了，从 而避免了接地引下线 3直接竖直拉到地面上时， 对生活的不便影响。
接地引下线上金属横担 2和接地引下线下金属横担 4还起到了拉撑竖直引下的接地 引下线 3的作用，使得接地引下线 3在大风等应力作用下不会发生较大的弯曲变形，接 地引下线 3 宜采用强度较高、 不易变形的导电体， 如果为了进一步确保接地引下线 3 不弯曲变形， 可以加支撑绝缘杆将两接地引下线 3与复合材料杆塔支撑开来； 也可以在 导线横担上加支撑复合绝缘子 5来将两接地引下线 3与导线支撑开来。
总的来说， 本复合材料杆塔接地引下方式结构直观、 简单清晰， 易于实现。 相对于 双边引接地引下线来说， 采用了单边接地引下线， 更加省材、 经济。 但是， 采用单边接 地引下线， 其线路走廊宽度受双回同时跳闸率的限制， 不宜极限压缩。

Claims

1.一种复合材料杆塔外侧竖直接地引下方法，其特征在于： 在地线横担的某 一边或两边延长线上架设一段接地引下线上金属横担，在每个金属横担的末端竖 直引下接地引下线，接地引下线在下相导线下方一定距离通过对应的接地引下线 下金属横担联接到杆塔上，最后接地引下线顺着塔身接地， 如果塔身下部分是钢 管， 接地引下线可直接通过接地引下线下金属横担联接在钢管上来接地。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种复合材料杆塔外侧竖直接地引下方法， 其特 征在于： 接地引下线与复合材料杆塔间用绝缘杆或复合绝缘子进行支撑，确保接 地引下线在运行过程中承受大风等应力作用时不会发生较大的弯曲变形。
3.一种外侧竖直接地的复合材料杆塔，其特征在于： 在地线横担的某一边或 两边延长线上架设一段接地引下线上金属横担，在每个金属横担的末端竖直引下 接地引下线，接地引下线在下相导线下方一定距离通过对应的接地引下线下金属 横担联接到杆塔上， 最后接地引下线顺着塔身接地， 如果塔身下部分是钢管， 接 地引下线直接通过接地引下线下金属横担联接在钢管上来接地。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的外侧竖直接地的复合材料杆塔， 其特征在于： 接 地引下线与复合材料杆塔间用绝缘杆或复合绝缘子进行支撑。
PCT/CN2010/072442 2009-09-08 2010-05-05 一种复合材料杆塔外侧竖直接地引下方法及其杆塔 WO2011029311A1 (zh)

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