WO2010102531A1 - Coupleur et système d'amplification de puissance - Google Patents

Coupleur et système d'amplification de puissance Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010102531A1
WO2010102531A1 PCT/CN2010/070439 CN2010070439W WO2010102531A1 WO 2010102531 A1 WO2010102531 A1 WO 2010102531A1 CN 2010070439 W CN2010070439 W CN 2010070439W WO 2010102531 A1 WO2010102531 A1 WO 2010102531A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal line
power amplifier
coupler
line
impedance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/070439
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
余铁柱
于乔利
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2010102531A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010102531A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
    • H01P5/184—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being strip lines or microstrips
    • H01P5/185—Edge coupled lines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a coupler and a power amplifier system. Background technique
  • couplers are widely used in RF and microwave systems to perform signal power distribution synthesis, power sampling and detection.
  • a typical coupler is actually a four-port network that splits the input signal into two specific output signals in a specific frequency range.
  • power synthesis is the reverse.
  • couplers There are many types of couplers, each with its own characteristics. The most common is the parallel line coupler.
  • the impedance converter is a device that converts the load impedance at the output to the required input impedance to achieve load impedance and transmission line or two different characteristic impedances. Transform the impedance between the lines.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a coupler and a power amplifier system that combine impedance transformation and signal power coupling to provide an impedance transformation function to reduce wiring space and link insertion loss.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a coupler, including:
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a power amplifier system, including:
  • the power amplifier module is configured to amplify power of the input signal to output a high power signal
  • the coupler includes a main signal line and a coupled signal line, and the main signal line and the coupled signal line are On the surface of the same circuit board, the main signal line is an impedance conversion line, and the coupler is connected to the power amplifier module through the main signal line.
  • the impedance conversion line is used as the main signal line of the coupler, so that the coupler has the impedance transformation function, the wiring space of the system is reduced, and the insertion loss of the link is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a basic schematic diagram of a coupler provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupler provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupler provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupler provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a power amplifier system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a power amplifier system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a power amplifier system according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic principle of a coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a conventional coupler is composed of a main signal line and a coupled signal line which are close to each other.
  • the main signal line has two ports, an input end and an output end; the coupled signal line also has two ports, a coupling end and an isolated end.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a coupler 10 including a coupled signal line 110 and a main signal line 120, a coupled signal line 110 and a main signal.
  • Line 120 is on the surface of the same board.
  • the coupling signal line 110 is a coupling line having a bent shape in the embodiment of the present invention, which is embodied as a curved shape in the embodiment of the present invention. It can be understood that the coupled signal line 110 is a curved shape of the shape shown in FIG. 2 in this embodiment, and may also be a curved shape of another shape in another embodiment, such as changing the curvature of the rectangle in the embodiment to a curve. Sexual or triangular curvature.
  • the coupled signal line 110 includes two ports, a coupling end 111 and an isolated end 112.
  • the main signal line 120 is an impedance conversion line in the embodiment of the present invention and has a function of impedance transformation.
  • the main signal line 120 includes two ports, an input terminal 121 and an output terminal 122.
  • Main signal line 120 is used to input signals and to convert the load impedance of input terminal 121 to the load impedance of output terminal 122.
  • the main signal line 120 in the embodiment of the present invention is an impedance conversion line, which may be a low impedance conversion line in one embodiment, or a high impedance conversion line in another embodiment.
  • the low impedance conversion line may be a preset low impedance conversion line.
  • the impedance conversion line whose impedance is lower than or equal to the preset threshold impedance is a low impedance conversion line;
  • the high impedance conversion line may be a preset high impedance conversion line, for example, if the preset impedance is higher than the predetermined
  • the impedance conversion line of the set threshold impedance is a high impedance conversion line.
  • the threshold impedance can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, such as 30Ohm or 50Ohm.
  • the change in the shape of the coupled signal line can improve the directivity of the coupling.
  • the parallel coefficient of the conventional parallel line coupler is smaller than the mutual inductance, and the directivity is poor.
  • the bending of the coupled signal line is equivalent to reducing the mutual inductance, so that the mutual capacitance is close to the mutual inductance, thereby improving the directivity of the coupling.
  • the main signal line of the coupler in the embodiment of the present invention is an impedance conversion line.
  • the coupler provided by the embodiment of the invention has a coupling function and an impedance transformation function, and can be applied to any system that requires impedance transformation and needs coupled power output. And the scene.
  • the coupling signal line 210 may not be bent in the coupler 10 to change its shape, but the coupling signal line 210 is coupled to the side of the main signal line 120. tooth.
  • the coupled signal line 210 and the main signal line 120 are on the same circuit board surface.
  • the coupling signal line 210 is coupled with a coupling tooth on a side of the main signal line 120.
  • the coupled signal line 210 includes two ports, a coupling end 211 and an isolated end 212.
  • the main signal line 120 is an impedance conversion line in the embodiment of the present invention and has a function of impedance transformation.
  • the main signal line 120 includes two ports, an input terminal 121 and an output terminal 122.
  • Main signal line 120 is used to input the signal and to convert the load impedance of input terminal 121 to the load impedance of output terminal 122.
  • the coupling teeth of the coupled signal line 210 are rectangular. It can be understood that in another embodiment, the coupling teeth of the coupled signal lines may also be triangular. As shown in FIG. 4, the coupled signal line 410 is close to the main. A coupling tooth of a triangular shape is added to one side of the signal line 120.
  • the main signal line 120 in the embodiment of the present invention is an impedance conversion line, which may be a low impedance conversion line in one embodiment, or a high impedance conversion line in another embodiment.
  • the low impedance conversion line may be a preset low impedance conversion line, such as an impedance transformation line whose preset impedance is lower than or equal to a preset threshold impedance as a low impedance transformation line.
  • the high-impedance conversion line may be a preset high-impedance conversion line, for example, an impedance transformation line having a predetermined impedance higher than a preset threshold impedance is a high-impedance conversion line.
  • the threshold impedance can be based on The actual situation is flexible, such as 30Ohm or 50Ohm.
  • the coupling of the coupled signal line to the side of the main signal line increases the directivity of the coupling.
  • the parallel coefficient of the conventional parallel line coupler is smaller than the mutual inductance, and the directivity is poor. Adding the coupled tooth to the coupled signal line is equivalent to increasing the mutual capacitance coefficient, so that the mutual capacitance is close to the mutual inductance.
  • the main signal line of the coupler in the embodiment of the present invention is an impedance conversion line.
  • the coupler provided by the embodiment of the invention has a coupling function and an impedance transformation function, and can be applied to any system that requires impedance transformation and needs coupled power output. And the scene.
  • coupling teeth can be added to the main signal line 320.
  • the coupled signal line 210 is coupled to the side of the main signal line 320 with coupling teeth.
  • the side of the main signal line 320 adjacent to the coupled signal line 210 also fuels the coupled teeth.
  • the coupling teeth of the main signal line 320 coincide with the coupling teeth of the coupling signal line 210, that is, the convex portion of the coupling teeth of the main signal line 320 corresponds to the portion of the coupling teeth of the signal line 210.
  • the coupled signal line 210 and the main signal line 320 are on the surface of the same circuit board.
  • the coupled signal line 210 includes two ports, a coupling end 211 and an isolated end 212.
  • the main signal line 120 is an impedance conversion line in the embodiment of the present invention and has a function of impedance transformation.
  • the main signal line 320 includes two ports, an input terminal 321 and an output terminal 322.
  • the main signal line 320 is used to input the signal and convert the load impedance of the input terminal 321 to the load impedance of the output terminal 322.
  • a corresponding coupling signal is generated on the coupled signal line 210 due to the electromagnetic induction phenomenon, and is output from the coupling end 211 and the isolation terminal 212.
  • the coupling teeth of the coupling signal line 210 and the main signal line 320 are rectangular. It can be understood that in another embodiment, the coupling teeth of the coupling signal line may also be triangular, as shown in FIG. A side of the signal line 410 and the main signal line 520 which are adjacent to each other is provided with a coupling tooth of a triangular shape.
  • the main signal line 120 in the embodiment of the present invention is an impedance conversion line, which may be a low impedance conversion line in one embodiment, or a high impedance conversion line in another embodiment.
  • the low impedance conversion line may be a preset low impedance conversion line, such as an impedance transformation line whose preset impedance is lower than or equal to a preset threshold impedance as a low impedance transformation line.
  • the high-impedance conversion line may be a preset high-impedance conversion line, for example, an impedance transformation line having a predetermined impedance higher than a preset threshold impedance is a high-impedance conversion line.
  • the threshold impedance can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, such as 30Ohm or 50Ohm.
  • the coupling tooth is added to the side of the coupled signal line close to the main signal line, which can improve the directivity of the coupling.
  • the parallel coefficient of the conventional parallel line coupler is smaller than the mutual inductance, and the directivity is poor. Adding the coupled tooth to the coupled signal line is equivalent to increasing the mutual capacitance coefficient, so that the mutual capacitance is close to the mutual inductance.
  • the main signal line of the coupler in the embodiment of the present invention is an impedance conversion line.
  • the coupler provided by the embodiment of the invention has a coupling function and an impedance transformation function, and can be applied to any system that requires impedance transformation and needs coupled power output. And the scene.
  • FIG. ⁇ is a schematic structural diagram of an existing power amplifier system requiring impedance transformation and power coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 taking the Doherty power amplifier system in the communication system as an example, in the power amplifier module 710 of the Doherty power amplifier system in the existing communication system, there are generally two power amplifier units, a main power amplifier unit 711 and an auxiliary power amplifier unit 712.
  • the main power amplifier unit 711 After the main power amplifier unit 711 and the auxiliary power amplifier unit 712 pass through the DC blocking capacitors 713 and 714 respectively, the main power amplifier unit 711 first passes through a delay line 701 and then combines with the auxiliary power amplifier unit 712, and the delay line 701 is used for the main power amplifier unit. The signal output from 711 is phase compensated.
  • the length of the delay line 701 is generally a quarter wavelength. It can be understood that in another embodiment, it may also be an eighth wavelength, a half wavelength or other predetermined length, and the specific length depends on The phase delay of the signal output by the main power amplifier unit 711 with respect to the signal output by the auxiliary power amplifier unit 712. If the phase delay is 90 degrees, the length of the extension line 701 is a quarter wavelength, and if the phase delay is 30 degrees, The length of the extension line 701 is one-twelfth of a wavelength. Since the phase delay is generally 90 degrees, the extension line 701 is generally a quarter wavelength. The wavelength is the distance traveled by the electromagnetic wave on the transmission line during one period.
  • the output impedance of the power amplifier module 710 is converted to a required impedance value of a system through a low impedance conversion line 700.
  • the impedance value is preset. In one embodiment, the value may be 50 Ohm, and in another embodiment, it may be 40 Ohm, 30 Ohm, or other values. The embodiment of the present invention is described by taking only 50 Ohm as an example.
  • This low impedance conversion line 700 is shown in Figure 7 as a bold black line in the power amplifier unit 710 and the existing coupler 720. It should be noted that the low impedance conversion line 700 means that the impedance of the impedance transformation line is less than or equal to 50 Ohm. In one embodiment, the value of 50 Ohm allows a range of plus or minus 10%.
  • the length of the impedance transformation line 700 is, in one embodiment, a quarter wavelength, which The wavelength is the distance traveled by the electromagnetic wave on the transmission line in one cycle. In another embodiment, it may be less than a quarter wavelength, such as an eighth wavelength, a one-twelfth wavelength, etc., but for better results, the length of the impedance transformation line 700 is generally four quarters. One wavelength.
  • the high-power signal amplified by the power amplifier unit 710 is too high, and the direct measurement will break down the electronic measuring instrument or the detector.
  • the access device cannot be connected to the high-power attenuator for measurement during the operation phase, and must be coupled.
  • the device 10 couples a small amount of signal for detection by an electronic measuring device or sensor. Referring to Fig. 2, if the coupling degree of the coupler is known, it is only necessary to detect the output signal power level of the coupling terminal 111 in the coupling line 110, and the signal level of the input at the input terminal 121 of the main signal line 120 can be simply calculated. .
  • an existing coupler 720 is required for power detection and power amplifier protection unit.
  • the low impedance conversion line and the existing coupler 720 are in a series structure, and generally are a quarter wavelength, and the wavelength is in one cycle, and the electromagnetic wave is on the transmission line. Spread distance.
  • the coupler referred to here is a quarter wavelength, which means that the coupling length of the coupler is a quarter wavelength. This wastes wiring space and the link length increases the link insertion loss at the back end of the power amplifier module.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a power amplifier system including a power amplifier module 710. It can be seen from FIG. 9 that the present embodiment is compared with the communication system provided in FIG. 7, and the low impedance conversion line 700 of FIG. 7 is used as the main signal line of the coupler 10 to provide a new coupling with impedance transformation function. 10.
  • the release module 710 there are generally two power amplifier units, a main power amplifier unit 711 and an auxiliary power amplifier unit 712.
  • the main power amplifier unit 711 After the main power amplifier unit 711 and the auxiliary power amplifier unit 712 pass through the DC blocking capacitors 713 and 714 respectively, the main power amplifier unit 711 first passes through a delay line 701 and then combines with the auxiliary power amplifier unit 712.
  • the length of the delay line 701 is generally four.
  • One wavelength can be understood that in another embodiment, it can also be an eighth wavelength, a half wavelength or other predetermined length, and the specific length depends on the signal output by the main power amplifier unit 711.
  • the phase delay of the signal output from the auxiliary power amplifier unit 712 if the phase delay is 90 degrees, the length of the extension line 701 is a quarter wavelength, and if the phase delay is 30 degrees, the length of the extension line 701 is twelve.
  • the extension line 701 is generally a quarter wavelength.
  • the wavelength is the propagation distance of electromagnetic waves on the transmission line in one cycle.
  • the output signal of the power amplifier module 710 is converted to a system by the main signal line of the coupler 10, that is, the low impedance transmission line 700 in FIG.
  • the value of the impedance is preset. In one embodiment, the value may be 50 Ohm, and in another embodiment, it may be 40 Ohm, 450 hm, or other values. In the embodiment of the present invention, only 50 Ohm is taken as an example. Description.
  • the low impedance transform line as the main signal line of the coupler 10 means that the impedance of the impedance transform line is less than or equal to 50 Ohm, which is called a low impedance transform line.
  • the value of 50 Ohm allows There is a range of plus or minus 10% fluctuations.
  • the coupler 10 since the low impedance conversion line is used as its main signal line, the coupler 10 has both a power coupling function and an impedance conversion function, and the coupler 10 is used to couple the high power signal output from the power amplifier module 710 to the power amplifier.
  • the output impedance of module 710 is converted to a predetermined impedance value required by the system.
  • this predetermined impedance value may be 50 Ohm, and in another embodiment may also be 40 Ohm, 30 Ohm or other values.
  • FIG. 2 The specific structure of the coupler 10 is shown in FIG. 2 in one embodiment.
  • the structure of the coupler 10 can also be as shown in FIGS. 3-6, since the function of the coupler has been in the previous embodiment. Detailed description will not be repeated here.
  • the length of the main signal line of the coupler 10 is a quarter wavelength. It can be understood that, in another embodiment, the length of the low-impedance transform line 700 in FIG. 7 can also be one-eighth wavelength or one-sixth wavelength, and then the length of the main signal line of the corresponding coupler 10 is One eighth wavelength or one sixth wavelength. In order to achieve a better effect, the length of the impedance conversion line 700 in the embodiment of the present invention is generally a quarter wavelength, and the length of the main signal line of the corresponding coupler 10 is a quarter wavelength.
  • the capacitors 713 and 714 in the embodiment of the present invention may be a lumped capacitor including a chip capacitor, a plug-in capacitor or a distributed parameter capacitor.
  • a coupler having an impedance conversion function is provided, and by integrating, the wiring space can be reduced, and the link insertion at the back end of the power amplifier can be reduced. loss.
  • the coupler provided by the embodiment of the present invention can also be used in other systems that require both impedance transformation and coupled power output, such as in a wireless base station.
  • the essential low-impedance conversion line in the Doherty power amplifier system is used as the main signal line of the coupler (this low-impedance conversion line is not 700 in Figure 7), providing coupling with impedance transformation.
  • the low-impedance conversion line may be a preset low-impedance conversion line, such as an impedance transformation line whose preset impedance is lower than or equal to a preset threshold impedance, and is a low-impedance conversion line.
  • the high-impedance conversion line may be a preset high-impedance conversion line, for example, an impedance transformation line having a predetermined impedance higher than a preset threshold impedance is a high-impedance conversion line.
  • the threshold impedance can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, such as 30Ohm or 50Ohm.
  • the power amplifier system provided by the embodiment of the present invention may further include a matching unit 730, which is mainly used to match the output signal of the coupler 10, and output signals of the coupler 10, in another embodiment.
  • the echoes are filtered to improve the directivity of the coupler 10 and reduce the echo of the signal output by the coupler 10, thereby making the overall system more efficient.
  • the matching unit 730 may be a matching section in one embodiment, or may be another device having a power matching function in another embodiment.
  • the capacitors 713 and 714 in the embodiment of the present invention may be a lumped capacitor including a chip capacitor, a plug-in capacitor or a distributed parameter capacitor.
  • a coupler having an impedance conversion function is provided, and by integrating, the wiring space can be reduced, and the link insertion at the back end of the power amplifier can be reduced. Loss, and through the matching unit, improves the directivity of the coupler 10 and reduces the echo of the signal output by the coupler 10, thereby making the entire power amplifier system more efficient.
  • the coupler provided by the embodiment of the present invention can also be used in other systems that require both impedance transformation and coupled power output, such as in a wireless base station.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un coupleur (10) et un système d'amplification de puissance. La ligne de signaux principale du coupleur (10) est une ligne de transformation d'impédance. Le système d'amplification de puissance comprend un module amplificateur de puissance (710) et un coupleur (10), la ligne de signaux principale du coupleur (10) étant une ligne de transformation d'impédance. Le coupleur (10) est connecté au module amplificateur de puissance (710) via la ligne de signaux principale afin de coupler la sortie de signaux de puissance élevée provenant du module amplificateur de puissance (710) et de transformer l'impédance de sortie du module amplificateur de puissance (710) en impédance préréglée requise par le système. Le coupleur (10) de l'invention présente des fonctions de transformation d'impédance et de couplage de puissance, et peut s'appliquer à un système nécessitant simultanément une transformation d'impédance et un couplage de puissance, de sorte qu'il est possible de limiter l'encombrement des câblages et la perte d'insertion de liaison du système.
PCT/CN2010/070439 2009-03-12 2010-01-30 Coupleur et système d'amplification de puissance WO2010102531A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN200910105998.0 2009-03-12
CN200910105998A CN101834332A (zh) 2009-03-12 2009-03-12 一种耦合器和功放***

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EP2887542A4 (fr) * 2012-09-18 2016-03-09 Zte Corp Circuit d'amplification de puissance doherty
CN110266278A (zh) * 2019-06-26 2019-09-20 深圳市博威射频科技有限公司 固态源功放保护电路及其控制方法

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CN108254625A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2018-07-06 生益电子股份有限公司 一种***损耗测试条

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JP2003133995A (ja) * 2001-10-23 2003-05-09 Hitachi Kokusai Electric Inc 移動体識別装置
CN201018494Y (zh) * 2005-12-06 2008-02-06 陈永山 一种电容式耦合器内部结构
CN201149893Y (zh) * 2008-02-04 2008-11-12 南京恩瑞特实业有限公司 高方向性定向耦合器

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2887542A4 (fr) * 2012-09-18 2016-03-09 Zte Corp Circuit d'amplification de puissance doherty
US9531325B2 (en) 2012-09-18 2016-12-27 Zte Corporation Doherty power amplifier circuit
CN110266278A (zh) * 2019-06-26 2019-09-20 深圳市博威射频科技有限公司 固态源功放保护电路及其控制方法

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