WO2010101534A2

WO2010101534A2 - Najis cleansing clay liquid soap

Info

Publication number: WO2010101534A2
Application number: PCT/TH2010/000004
Authority: WO
Inventors: Winai Dahlan
Original assignee: Winai Dahlan
Priority date: 2009-03-05
Filing date: 2010-02-10
Publication date: 2010-09-10
Also published as: WO2010101534A3

Abstract

This invention relates to a clay detergent for external use and cleansing Najis contaminating equipment, with the basic composition of White Clay, Cellulose polymer, Sodium lauryl ether sulfates, deionized water and appropriate ratio of other components without any color or odor. The pH- range of this invention is between 5.5-6.5, no separation, precipitation and puncture smell. This invention was approved (Fatwa) by Bangkok Islamic Committee to be acceptable use according to Islamic principle.

Description

NAJIS CLEANSING CLAY LIQUID SOAP

TECHNICAL FIELD

TMs invention concerning compositions of soap, especially the liquid soap containing high concentration of clay that could be used for Najis cleansing according to Islamic regulations. Moreover some ingredients in soap solution carried anti-bacterial property as well.

This invention relates to "Najis cleansing" liquid soap product for external use and cleansing product for Najis contaminated equipment. This invention containing of White clay 0.05-95% w/w, Deionized water 25-80 %w/w , Surfactant or Detergent 12-70 %w/w, Foam stabilizer 0.25- 15%w/w, Non-ionic surfactant 0.5-8 %w/w, Electrolyte 0.2-5 %w/w, Chelating agent 0.01-5 %w/w, Buffering agent 0.1-5 %w/w, Suspending agent 0.02-3 %w/w and Preservative 0.05-2 %w/w , no color and flavor added. The balance of pH is set between 5.5-6.5. The liquid shows no separation, no solid particle separated and without pungent odor. This invention has received approval (Fatwa) from Islamic Committee of Bangkok to use as a suitable Najis cleansing according to Islamic regulations.

After careful selection, the suitable formula of this invention was developed and the percentage by weight compositions of all ingredients are listed as follows:

The objective of this invention is to develop cleansing product that could be used for all kinds of Najis, according to Islamic regulations. It could be used, for body, equipments, household wares, and as liquid detergent in general BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Nowadays muslim is in the risky situation of Haram contamination especially in non Muslim country like Thailand. An important Haram contamination calls "Najis'Or dirtiness in which three types of Najis have been mentioned in Islam.

1. Light Najis ;which refer to urine of boys under two years old who haven't eaten anything until full, except for milk

2. Medium Najis; which are the things such as inebriant, blood, lymph, pus, dead animals not slaughtered by man (except fish and grasshoppers) and the milk of unlawful animals.

3. Heavy or serious Najis; which includes pigs, dogs or everything bred or produced from these animals.

The important part is the cleaning of Najis:

1. Cleaning light Najis can be done by removing the Najis and sprinkling the stained area with clean water thoroughly. One doesn't have to let the water flow through the stain to complete the ritual.

2. Cleaning medium Najis is by removing the Najis and washing thoroughly be letting water run through the stained area at least one time to get rid of the color, smell and taste of the Najis. It would be best to wash three times.

3. Cleaning heavy Najis, one need to remove the Najis, washing the stained area with water running through for seven times, but one of which have to be a clean earth water as specified in the Islamic law. The earth water need to contain turbid or it can be a turbid white clay water instead. It is recommended to use earth water in the first wash.

This cleaning issue was previously debatable as there are no clear instructions as to which earth water can be used and from what kind of earth.

Bangkok is one of the provinces that's home the most of food factories in the country. Almost 200 factories have applied for Halal certification and there are more than 1,000 factories have the capacity and ability to produce Halal food. More than a hundred restaurants hotels hospitals and businesses have requested to set up a Halal kitchen. Thus the issue of Najis cleaning is a huge problem. One issue that the Bangkok Islamic Committee has debated over the last few years is that most factories and businesses that requested Halal certification in Thailand and some other countries were operated by non-Muslims. Although the food production is set according to Halal rules, contaminations still occurred from non-Muslims, especially during the everyday meals of the workers. Now, factory systems usually require staff to clean their hands every time before entering the factory and manufacturing areas. But cleaning their hands with ordinary soaps raises questions pertaining to contamination. Islamic law permits contamination even a heavy Najis, but states the cleaning process clearly and specifically. However, there were complications in the interpretation about the source of earth water and the cleaning process. Because such confusion made it difficult for people to practice the cleaning process in conjunction with the contamination allowances, the permission was canceled. In several cases, the Islamic committees who oversee this issue denied the contamination of serious Najis because of complications with the cleaning issue. Thus the research and development of clay detergent, that received Islamic approval of Islamic scholars (Fatwa), by The Halal Science Center, Chulalongkorn University in conjunction with the Bangkok Islamic Committee is the way we've solved the problems for many Islamic scholars and industrial sectors as well.

Islamic law permits contamination even a heavy Najis, but states the cleaning process clearly and specifically. However, there were complications in the interpretation about the source of earth water and cleaning process. Because such confusion made it difficult for people to practice the cleaning process in conjunction with the contamination allowances, the permission was canceled. In several case, the Islamic committees who oversee this issue denied the contamination of seriuos Najis because of complications with the cleaning issue.

Thus the research and development of clay detergent that received Islamic approval of Islamic scholars (Fatwa), by the Halal Science Center, Chulalongkorn University in conjunction with the bangkok Islamic Committee is the way we've solved the problems for many Islamic scholars and industrial sectors as well.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

This invention concerning the compositions that could be used to clean dirtiness according to Islamic regulations (Najis). It could be used for production lines, household wares and general cleansing agent as well. The important compositions of this invention are surfactants, white clay together with other ingredients in specific.

Concentration to develop into liquid soap product for cleansing all kinds of dirtiness according to Islamic regulations (Najis) and consider safe for consumer used.

The percentage by weight compositions of the invention are as follows: White Clay 0.05-95 Deionized Water 25-80

Surfactant or Detergent 12-70

Foam stabilizer 0.25-15

Non-ionic surfactant 0.5-8

Electrolyte 0.2-5

Chelating agent 0.01-5

Buffering agent 0.1-5

Suspending agent 0.02-3

Preservative 0.05-2

All compositions of this invention are described in detail as follows:

"White clay" is derived from natural source called " Hydrated aluminium silicate" which is white and light powder that consider safe for external and internal use. When moist or wet, it become darker with characteristic odor. It is natural and stable material however, bacterial contamination could be found. Sterilization process could be done by high temperature at 16O⁰C for not less than one hour.

Fine particle of "White clay" could be produced by seiving. The contaminant such as Ferric Oxide, Calcium carbonate, Magnesium carbonate are removed by electromagnetic wave and Hydrochloric, Sulfuric solution. "White clay" is non-toxic and non-irritation to human skin.

Beside "White clay", Marl(Calcium carbonate), Bentonite (Aluminium phyllosilicate) and Veegum (Magnecium aluminium silicate) could be used instead but "White clay is preferred.

"Surfactant" or detergent plays major role in the formulation as foam booster, wetting and emulsifying agent so oily dirt could be easily rinse off with water. The finely gentleness of the foam created by the surfactant enable its use as an effective non irritable skin cleanser and skin moisturizer.

"Surfactant" used in this invention is anionic surfactant, selected from Alkyl carboxylates, Alkyl sulfates, Alkyl ether sulfates, Alpha-olefm sulfonates and Linear alkyl benzene sulfonates.

Besides the above mentioned surfactants, Sulfosuccinate esters, Isethionates, Acyl amides, Alkyl ether carboxylates, Alkyl sulfoacetate and Alkyl phosphate also could be used. Excellent pattern of surfactant in this invention are the derived Alkyl ether sulfates group, preferably Sodium lauryl ether sulfates.

"Foam Stabilizer" used in this invention is, Amphoteric surfactants which contain both cationic and anionic in their molecule, chosen from N- Alkyl aminopropionates, Iminodipropionates, Betaine and Alkyl imidazole. The best foam stabilizers are among the Betaine group.

Suitable Foam stabilizer in the Betain group selected for this invention is Coconut alkyl dimethyl ammonium betaine.

"Non-ionic surfactant" is used as foam stabilizer and viscisity enhancer for liquid soap. It also could prevent skin from dehydration. The groups on Non-ionic surfactant are selected from Alkanolamides, Alkyl glucosides and Amine oxide. Preferably, for this invention Alkanolamide group is selected.

Cocamide diethanolamine is selected from the Alkanolamide non-ionic surfactant for this invention.

"Electrolite" is used in this invention as viscosity enhancer and the best electrolyte used is Sodium Chloride.

Alternative viscosity enhancer could selected from the group of amphoteric surfactants which carried both cationic and anionic in their molecule

"Chelating agent" is primarily used as antioxidant with subsequently synergists by sequestering trace amount of heavy metal in hard water which might otherwise catalyze autoxidation reaction of soap to became scurf. The suitable material for this invention is Ethylene Diaminetetraacetic acid ( EDTA).

pH- adjusting agent used in this invention could be selected from the group of mild organic acid such as lactic acid, citric acid etc. In this invention, citric acid is an ideal pH-adjusting agent due to its effectiveness and consider safe to use. Suitable pH range of liquid detergent is between 5.5-6.5 which is highly compatible with human skin.

"Suspending agent" in this invention is derived from Cellulose polymer. Cellulose polymer is hydroxyl substituted long chain cellulose polymer in which approximately 27-32 % of the hydroxyl group appeared in the from of the methyl ether. The degree of substitution of cellulose is defined as the average number of Methoxyl group (CH₃O). Cellulose is widely used in tablet formulations, oral and topical suspensions. Solutions of cellulose are stable to alkali and dilute acid at the pH range of 3-11. Cellulose is prepared from natural wood pulp which consider non-toxic, non-allergenic and non-irritant material.

"Preservative" is the most essential for this invention to prevent bacterial growth. The fact that surfactant, the major ingredient in the formula, is susceptible for bacterial infection especially in the presence of water, due to the high content of water containing in the formulation. This is to prolong shelf-life of liquid soap by prevent bacterial infection due to the ingredients in the formula and bacterial contamination during every day used by the consumer. Mixture of preservatives is prefer in the formula to minimize the amount of each preservative used resulting in less irritation caused by each preservative. Combination of preservatives could produce wide range of anti-bacterial activity and prevent bacterial resistant to each preservative as well . In this invention, combination of Methyl paraben and Propyl paraben were selected.

The composition of this invention have been studied for the stability testing, cleansing efficacy and irritation testing in healthy, non-pregnant volunteers. From the physicochemical testing, efficacy testing and satisfaction of consumer testing have shown that the cleansing ability is more superior than those of ordinary liquid soap, with non-irritable effect. Moreover, it has been approved by The Bangkok Islamic committee as a suitable Najis cleansing agent with antibacterial property.

Deep cleansing efficacy may be owing to synergistic effect of white clay as abrasive and scrubbing agent together with bacterial cell wall destruction mechanism from amphoteric and anionic surfactant without any adverse side effect.

The compositions of this invention could be applied as liquid bath, hand cleansing liquid and general cleansing liquid. The dosage form of this invention could be prepared in a wide range of viscosity from liquid to viscous gel. Liquid form is preferred. The satisfactory product is resulting from specific process of mixing all ingredients, in a certain ratio of concentration, using appropriate technique with stepwise addition of ingredients according to their order of mixing. The equipment was designed for particular purpose which made from stainless steel propeller as mixing tool with the appropriate speed of rotation to produce viscous product of approximately 1,000 - 5,000 centipoises (cps) in close system. The pH of the product could be adjusted to the range of 5.5 - 6.5. with is liquid form which prepared from appropiated process and order of mixing materials in a specific type and ratio to make off this product. The particularly designed of stainless equipment was used, the optimum rate per minutes of stainless stirrer and each compositions are mixing together to obtain viscous product with approximately 1000-5000 centipoises (cps) in close system andpH balance was adjust between 5.5-6.5.

The production process are started with heat deionized water to 40-60 ⁰C, then stop heating . Suspending agent, Buffering agent,

Chelating agent and preservative were added. Homogenize for about 3 - 20 minutes, then adding white clay and sodium chloride then homogenize foe approximately 2 - 23 minutes. Surfactants, and foam stabilizer were added and homogenize for about 1-15 minutes. In the step of white clay addition require thoroughly stirring in the formulation required thoruoghly stirred until homogenious in order to aviod precipitation of clay during storage. The uniformity and stability of product depends on this process.

It is interesting that when all of the above mentioned ingredients were homogenized, a cleansing product according to Islamic principle is produced. It could clean all dirtiness according to Islamic regulations (Najis), oily dirt as well as general dirt, supported by superb cleansing efficacy demonstrated in the cleansing efficacy test in various model dirt. Moreover, antibacterial activity is also observed.

At present time, there is on evidence on Najis cleansing for each ingredients have been reported. The superb cleansing efficacy of the whole formula, rather than that of each ingredient, is resulting from synergistic effect of each ingredient. This made the product more superior to use as cleansing agent with safe for consumer and environment.

This invention is created from outstanding integration between the knowledge in Islamic principle together with those of manufacturing pharmacy technique to produce the product that could be widely utilized in food industry and household consumption. Consequently, this is to facilitate Najis cleansing method according to Islamic principle, in cleansing Halal food utensils for Halal food industry. With the wide range of application of the product made it well known both domestic and international. Efficacy studies of Clay detergent

Stability studies of Clay detergent by COLIPA 2004 method found that Clay detergent is stable in wide pH range (5.5-6.5) and stability of color and foam test (ASTM 1173-53 from Ross Miles Test) are excellent.

For cleansing efficacy testing (Schrader 1999; Gloor,2004) ; the 31 healthy and, non-pregnant volunteers were used . The result was found that cleansing efficacy of Model Dirt made from Castrol^® show no significantly difference between clay detergent and sodium lauryl ether sulfates (p<0.05). For palm oil Model Dirt, it was found that there are no significantly difference in cleansing efficacy when compare with sodium lauryl ether sulfates (p<0.05). The surface tension lowering ability of clay detergent is as good as standard surfactant (sodium lauryl ether sulfates).

Texture and basic elimination analysis test of soap showed good to excellent result comparing with ordinary hand washing agent. The volunteers consisted of 100 Muslims at the age of 36.5-tlO.82 years. The results showed that they felt, cleaning sensation on their hands by using clay detergent to wash model dirt, as well as great satisfaction on color, odor, texture, and foam booster of clay detergent.

Four hour Patch test method was used for irritation test using 33 healthy and non-pregnant volunteers. The result showed that there are no irritation observed when use clay detergent while 2.5%w/w sodium lauryl ether sulfates cause mild irritation in 22 out of 33 volunteers.

Antimicrobial Activity Test was carried out by Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand and the results were summarized as follows:

From consumer satisfaction survey, it was found that Muslim consumer have a great confidence in Najis cleansing efficacy of clay liquid detergent..

Claims

1. Composition of external use for Najis (dirtiness according to Islamic princ: as follows:

White Clay 0.05-95 percentage by weight

Deionized Water 25-80 percentage by weight

Surfactant or Detergent 12-70 percentage by weight

Foam stabilizer 0.25- 15 percentage by weight

Non-ionic surfactant 0.5-8 percentage by weight

Electrolite 0.2-5 percentage by weight

Chelating agent 0.01-5 percentage by weight

Buffering agent 0.1-5 percentage by weight

Suspending agent 0.02-3 percentage by weight

Preservative 0.05-2 percentage by weight

2. The composition of claim 1, wherein Surfactant or detergent previously mentioned, preferably, the anionic surfactant are chosen from Alkyl carboxylates, Alkyl sulfates, Alkyl ether sulfates, Alpha-Olefin sulfonates and Linear alkyl benzene sulfanates.

3. The composition of claim 1, wherein Surfactant or detergent which are chosen from Sulfosuccinate esters, Isethionates, Acyl amides, Alkyl ether carboxylates, Alkyl sulfoacetate and Alkyl phosphates.

4. The composition of claim 1, wherein Surfactant or detergent as mentioned is Alkyl ether sulfates groups.

5. The composition of claim 4, wherein Surfactants are chosen from alkyl ether sulfates groups, preferably are from Sodium lauryl ether sulfates.

6. The composition of claim 1, wherein Foam stabilizer from amphoteric surfactant which are chosen from N- Alkyl aminopropionates, Iminodipropionates, Betaine and Alkyl imidazole.

7. The composition of claim 1, wherein Foam stabilizer is from betain group.

8. The composition of claim 7, wherein Foam booster from Betain group are chosen from Coconut alkyl dimethyl ammonium betaine.

9. The composition of claim 1, wherein Non-ionic surfactant as mentioned are chosen from Alkanolamides, Alkyl glucosides and Amine oxide.

10. The composition of claim 1, wherein Non-ionic surfactant are from Alkanolamides.

11. The composition of claim 10, wherein Non-ionic surfactant from Alkanolamides are chosen from Cocamide diethanolamine

12. The composition of claim 1, wherein Electrolite are chosen from Sodium Chloride.

13. The composition of claim 1, wherein Chelating agent are chosen from EDTA.

14. The composition of claim 1, wherein Buffering agent are from dilute acid preferably chosen from Lactic acid and Citric acid.

15. The composition of claim 1, wherein Buffering agent are from Citric acid.

16. The composition of claim 1, wherein Suspending agent are chosen from Cellulose polymer group.

17. The composition of claim 1, wherein Preservative are containing of Methyl paraben and Propyl Paraben.

18. The composition of claim 1, wherein Calcium carbonate, Bentonite (Aluminium phyllosilicate and Veegum (Magnesium Aluminium Silicate) can be used instead of White clay.

19. The production procedure of component for external use in order to clean Najis is comprising of

1) To heat 25-80 % by weight of deionized water to 40-60 ⁰C.

2) To add 0.02-3 % by weight of Suspending agent, 0.1-5 % by weight of Buffering agent, 0.01-5 % by weight of Chelating agent and 0.05-2 % by weigh of presevative, homogenize for approximately 3-20 minutes.

3) To add 0.05-95 % by weight of White Clay and 0.2-5% by weight of Sodium Chloride. Then homogenize for approximately 2-23 minutes.

4) Finally, to add 12-70 % by weight of Surfactant /Detergent, then 0.5-8 % by weight of non-ionic surfactant, 0.25-15% Foam stabilizer then homogenize for approximately 1-15 minutes.

20. The process of claim 19, wherein Suspending agent is chosen from Cellulose polymer.

21. The process of claim 19, Buffering agent is chosen from dilute acid, preferably from Citric acid.

22. The process of claim 19, wherein Chelating agent is chosen from Ethylene Diaminetetraacetic acid: EDTA.

23. The process of claim 19, wherein Surfactant or Detergent is chosen from Sodium lauryl ether sulfates.

24. The process of claim 19, wherein Non-ionic surfactant is chosen from Cocamide diethanolamine.

25. The process of claim 19, wherein Foam booster is chosen from Coconut alkyl dimethyl ammonium betaine.