WO2010074261A1 - Liquid-crystal alignment material for ink-jet coating, liquid-crystal alignment film, and liquid-crystal display element - Google Patents

Liquid-crystal alignment material for ink-jet coating, liquid-crystal alignment film, and liquid-crystal display element Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010074261A1
WO2010074261A1 PCT/JP2009/071670 JP2009071670W WO2010074261A1 WO 2010074261 A1 WO2010074261 A1 WO 2010074261A1 JP 2009071670 W JP2009071670 W JP 2009071670W WO 2010074261 A1 WO2010074261 A1 WO 2010074261A1
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Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
solvent
group
carbon atoms
aligning agent
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PCT/JP2009/071670
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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和輝 江口
賢一 元山
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日産化学工業株式会社
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Priority to KR1020117017292A priority Critical patent/KR101708949B1/en
Priority to CN200980156822.6A priority patent/CN102317848B/en
Priority to JP2010544177A priority patent/JP5459228B2/en
Publication of WO2010074261A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010074261A1/en

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G77/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G77/04Polysiloxanes
    • C08G77/14Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
    • C08G77/18Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups to alkoxy or aryloxy groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04Oxygen-containing compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention mainly includes a polysiloxane, particularly polysiloxane obtained by polycondensation of alkoxysilane, and a liquid crystal aligning agent capable of forming a uniform film by inkjet coating, a liquid crystal aligning film obtained from the liquid crystal aligning agent, and
  • the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element having the liquid crystal alignment film.
  • a liquid crystal display element has a structure in which two substrates each having a liquid crystal alignment film provided on a transparent electrode are arranged to face each other and a liquid crystal material is filled in a gap therebetween.
  • a metal halide lamp with high irradiation intensity is used as a light source for a liquid crystal projector for business use and home theater (a rear pro TV referred to as a third thin TV). Therefore, not only high heat resistance but also high light resistance is required as a characteristic of the liquid crystal alignment film.
  • liquid crystal alignment film materials are mainly composed of polyamic acid or polyimide, but inorganic liquid crystal alignment films have also been proposed.
  • a liquid crystal alignment film is formed by vapor deposition (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • an alignment agent composition containing a reaction product of tetraalkoxysilane, trialkoxysilane, alcohol, and oxalic acid is proposed as a coating-type inorganic liquid crystal alignment film, and an electrode substrate for a liquid crystal display element is proposed. It has been reported that a liquid crystal alignment film having excellent vertical alignment properties, heat resistance and uniformity is formed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
  • liquid crystal aligning agent composition containing a reaction product of tetraalkoxysilane, trialkoxysilane and water, and a glycol ether solvent has been proposed to prevent display defects and good afterimage characteristics even after long-time driving.
  • a liquid crystal alignment film is formed without decreasing the ability to align liquid crystals and with little decrease in voltage holding ratio against light and heat (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
  • examples of the method for forming a liquid crystal alignment film include spin coating, dip coating, flexographic printing, and the like, but actually, flexographic printing is often used.
  • the printing plate in flexographic printing, the printing plate must be exchanged according to the size of the substrate for forming the liquid crystal alignment film, and provisional film formation must be performed to stabilize the film formation process. It is a problem.
  • an inkjet coating method has attracted attention as a new coating method that does not use a printing plate.
  • the ink jet coating method is a method in which fine droplets are dropped on a substrate and the film is formed by wetting and spreading the liquid. Not only the printing plate is not used, but also a printing pattern can be freely set. The manufacturing process can be simplified.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a silicon-based liquid crystal aligning agent that can be formed using an ink jet coating method, and to provide liquid crystal excellent in in-plane uniformity of the film and edge straightness of the film edge by ink jet coating.
  • An alignment film is provided.
  • the present invention has the following gist. (1) a polysiloxane (A) having a side chain comprising a hydrocarbon group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted with a fluorine atom, a glycol solvent (B) having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, A liquid crystal aligning agent for inkjet coating, comprising a solvent (C) and a solvent (D).
  • a liquid crystal aligning agent for inkjet coating comprising a solvent (C) and a solvent (D).
  • Solvent (C) a solvent represented by the formula (A1), K 1 O (CH 2 ) w OH (A1) (Wherein K 1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and w is an integer of 1 to 3)
  • the solvent (D) is a solvent selected from the compounds represented by the formulas (T1) to (T3), ketones having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and alkyl alcohols having 5 to 12 carbon atoms ( Liquid crystal aligning agent for inkjet coating as described in 1).
  • the polysiloxane (A) is a polysiloxane obtained by polycondensation of an alkoxysilane containing an alkoxysilane represented by the formula (1) Liquid crystal aligning agent.
  • R 1 Si (OR 2 ) 3 (1) R 1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms in which a fluorine atom is substituted or unsubstituted, and R 2 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
  • the polysiloxane (A) is a polysiloxane obtained by polycondensation of an alkoxysilane containing an alkoxysilane represented by the formula (1) and an alkoxysilane represented by the following formula (2).
  • the liquid crystal aligning agent for inkjet coating as described in said (3).
  • R 3 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a vinyl group or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.
  • an arbitrary hydrogen atom of the hydrocarbon group is a glycidoxy group, a mercapto group, a methacryloxy group, an acryloxy group, It may be substituted with an isocyanate group, amino group or ureido group, and may have a hetero atom, R 4 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 0 to 3 Represents.
  • the polysiloxane (A) is a polysiloxane obtained by polycondensing an alkoxysilane containing an alkoxysilane represented by the formula (1) and an alkoxysilane represented by the following formula (3).
  • Glycol solvent (B) is ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol 1,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,3-pentanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2,3-pentanediol, 2,4-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,3-hexanediol, 1,4-hexanediol,
  • the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention can form a liquid crystal aligning film excellent in in-plane uniformity of the film and edge straightness at the end of the film by inkjet coating.
  • the present invention is described in detail below.
  • the polysiloxane (A) used in the present invention is a side chain (hereinafter also referred to as a specific organic group) composed of a hydrocarbon group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 22 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted with fluorine atoms. ).
  • the specific organic group has an effect of aligning the liquid crystal in one direction, but is not particularly limited as long as it has this effect.
  • Examples thereof include an alkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group, an alkenyl group, a phenethyl group, a fluorophenylalkyl group, a styrylalkyl group, and a naphthyl group.
  • an alkyl group is preferable because it is easily available.
  • the polysiloxane (A) used in the present invention may have a plurality of specific organic groups.
  • the polysiloxane (A) used in the present invention is a side chain different from the specific organic group (hereinafter, referred to as “unaffected”) as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired for the purpose of improving the adhesion with the substrate and the affinity with the liquid crystal molecules. It may also have a second organic group).
  • the second organic group is an organic group having 1 to 7, preferably 1 to 6, more preferably 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
  • the second organic group is an aliphatic hydrocarbon; a ring structure such as an aliphatic ring, an aromatic ring or a hetero ring; an unsaturated bond; a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom or a sulfur atom; a branched structure It may be.
  • the second organic group is a vinyl group or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and any hydrogen atom of the hydrocarbon group is a glycidoxy group, a mercapto group, a methacryloxy group, an acryloxy group, an isocyanate group, an amino group It may be substituted with a group or a ureido group, and may have a hetero atom.
  • the polysiloxane (A) used in the present invention may have one or more second organic groups.
  • polysiloxane (A) is not particularly limited, but is generally obtained by polycondensation of alkoxysilane.
  • polysiloxane (A) can be obtained by polycondensation of an alkoxysilane having an alkoxysilane represented by the following formula (1) as an essential component.
  • R 1 Si (OR 2 ) 3 (1)
  • R 1 represents a specific organic group, and examples thereof are the same as those described as the specific organic group.
  • alkoxysilanes in which R 1 is an alkyl group are preferable because they are relatively inexpensive and easily available as commercial products.
  • R 2 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • alkoxysilane represented by the said Formula (1) is not limited to this.
  • a plurality of alkoxysilanes represented by the formula (1) can be used in combination.
  • the use ratio of the alkoxysilane represented by the formula (1) is less than 0.1 mol% in all alkoxysilanes used for obtaining the polysiloxane (A)
  • good liquid crystal alignment is obtained. Since it may not exist, 0.1 mol% or more is preferable. More preferably, it is 0.5 mol% or more.
  • it exceeds 30 mol% since the liquid crystal aligning film formed may not fully harden
  • polysiloxane obtained by polycondensing the alkoxysilane containing the alkoxysilane represented by Formula (1) and the alkoxysilane represented by following formula (2). . (R 3 ) n Si (OR 4 ) 4-n (2)
  • R 3 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a vinyl group or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, preferably a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms. Any hydrogen atom of the hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a glycidoxy group, mercapto group, methacryloxy group, acryloxy group, isocyanate group, amino group or ureido group, and may have a hetero atom.
  • R 4 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 0 to 3, preferably 0 to 2.
  • R ⁇ 3 > of Formula (2) is a vinyl group or a hydrocarbon group
  • R ⁇ 3 > represents the 2nd organic group mentioned above. Therefore, in this case, the example of R 3 is the same as described as the second organic group above.
  • the alkoxysilane represented by the formula (2) include methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, methyltripropoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, propyltrimethoxysilane, propyltriethoxysilane, and butyltrimethoxysilane.
  • alkoxysilane of the formula (2) specific examples of the alkoxysilane when R 3 is a hydrogen atom include trimethoxysilane, triethoxysilane, tripropoxysilane, tributoxysilane and the like.
  • an alkoxysilane in which n is 0 represents a tetraalkoxysilane of the formula (3).
  • R 4 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
  • the tetraalkoxysilane represented by the formula (3) is preferable for obtaining the polysiloxane (A) because it easily condenses with the alkoxysilane represented by the formula (1).
  • tetraalkoxysilane of the formula (3) examples include tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetrapropoxysilane, tetrabutoxysilane and the like.
  • alkoxysilane represented by the above formula (2) or formula (3) one type or a plurality of types can be used as necessary.
  • the alkoxy represented by the formula (2) or the formula (3) in all the alkoxysilanes used for obtaining the polysiloxane (A).
  • the total amount of silane used is preferably 70 to 99.7 mol%. More preferably, it is 78 to 99.7 mol%. More preferably, the alkoxysilane represented by the formula (2) or the formula (3) is 85 to 99.7 mol%.
  • the polysiloxane (A) used in the present invention is obtained by condensing an alkoxysilane containing an alkoxysilane represented by the above formula (1) as an essential component in an organic solvent.
  • the alkoxysilane containing the alkoxysilane represented by Formula (1), Formula (2), and Formula (3) is preferable.
  • the polysiloxane (A) is obtained as a solution obtained by polycondensation of such an alkoxysilane and uniformly dissolved in an organic solvent.
  • the method for condensing the polysiloxane (A) used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of hydrolyzing and condensing alkoxysilane in an alcohol or glycol solvent.
  • the hydrolysis / condensation reaction may be either partial hydrolysis or complete hydrolysis. In the case of complete hydrolysis, theoretically 0.5 times mole of water of all alkoxy groups in the alkoxysilane may be added, but usually an excess amount of water is added more than 0.5 times mole.
  • the amount of water used in the above reaction can be appropriately selected as desired, but it is usually preferably 0.5 to 2.5 moles of all alkoxy groups in the alkoxysilane.
  • acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, formic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, alkalis such as ammonia, methylamine, ethylamine, ethanolamine, triethylamine Catalysts such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and other metal salts are used.
  • the heating temperature and the heating time can be appropriately selected as desired. Examples thereof include heating and stirring at 50 ° C. for 24 hours and heating and stirring for 1 hour under reflux.
  • a method of heating and polycondensing a mixture of alkoxysilane, a solvent and oxalic acid can be mentioned. Specifically, after adding succinic acid to alcohol in advance to obtain an alcohol solution of succinic acid, alkoxysilane is mixed while the solution is heated. In this case, the amount of succinic acid used is preferably 0.2 to 2 mol with respect to 1 mol of all alkoxy groups contained in the alkoxysilane.
  • the heating in this method can be performed at a liquid temperature of 50 to 180 ° C., and preferably, for example, several tens of minutes under reflux in a container equipped with a reflux pipe so that the liquid does not evaporate or volatilize. It takes about 10 hours.
  • alkoxysilane When using multiple types of alkoxysilane when obtaining polysiloxane (A), alkoxysilane may be mixed as a mixture beforehand, or multiple types of alkoxysilane may be mixed sequentially.
  • the solvent used for polycondensation of alkoxysilane (hereinafter also referred to as polymerization solvent) is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve alkoxysilane. Moreover, even when alkoxysilane does not melt
  • an organic solvent having good compatibility with alcohols, glycols, glycol ethers and alcohols is used.
  • such a polymerization solvent examples include methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, ethyl carbitol, butyl carbitol, Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, ethylene glycol dipropyl ether, ethylene glycol dibutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dipropyl Ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monopropyl ether, propylene glycol monobut
  • the solution obtained after such a method generally has a concentration obtained by converting silicon atoms of all alkoxysilanes charged as raw materials into SiO 2 (hereinafter referred to as SiO 2 converted concentration) to 20% by mass or less. Preferably, it is 15 mass% or less. By selecting an arbitrary concentration within this concentration range, gel formation can be suppressed and a homogeneous solution can be obtained.
  • the solution obtained by the above-described method may be used as it is as the polysiloxane (A) solution.
  • the solution obtained by the above-described method may be concentrated or a solvent may be added.
  • the solution of polysiloxane (A) may be diluted or replaced with another solvent.
  • the solvent to be used hereinafter also referred to as an additive solvent
  • This solvent is not particularly limited as long as the polysiloxane (A) is uniformly dissolved, and one kind or a plurality of kinds can be arbitrarily selected and used.
  • Such an additive solvent include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and diacetone alcohol; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone; ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol and 2-methyl Glycols such as -2,4-pentanediol; ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, ethylene glycol dipropyl ether, ethylene glycol dibutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol Glycol ethers such as coal diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dipropyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol
  • the glycol solvent (B) used in the present invention is a glycol solvent having 2 to 7, preferably 2 to 5 carbon atoms. Specific examples thereof include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 2-methyl-2, 4-pentanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,2, -Pentanediol, 1,3-pentanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2,3-pentanediol, 2,4-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,3- Hexanediol, 1,4-hexanediol, 1,5-hexaned
  • a plurality of glycol solvents (B) may be used in combination.
  • Such a glycol solvent (B) may be used as all or part of a polymerization solvent or an addition solvent when polysiloxane (A) is polycondensed, and is added to polysiloxane (A) synthesized with another solvent. It may be added later.
  • the content of the glycol solvent (B) used in the present invention, in the liquid crystal aligning agent, relative to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the values obtained by converting the silicon atoms in the SiO 2 having polysiloxane (A) is glycol
  • the solvent (B) is 20 to 18,000 parts by mass, preferably 120 to 17,000 parts by mass, more preferably 150 to 16,000 parts by mass. When the amount is less than 20 parts by mass, good coatability may not be obtained.
  • the glycol solvent (B) used in the present invention has an effect of suppressing the spread of the liquid particularly when applied, and a film having particularly excellent edge straightness can be obtained.
  • the solvent (C) used in the present invention is at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of solvents represented by the formula (A1).
  • K 1 O (CH 2 ) w OH (A1) In the formula, K 1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and w is an integer of 1 to 3.
  • Specific examples of the solvent (C) include 2-methoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-propoxyethanol, 2-butoxyethanol and the like.
  • the solvent (C) used in the present invention may be used as all or a part of the polymerization solvent or additive solvent for polycondensation of the polysiloxane (A). ) May be added later.
  • the content of the solvent (C) is preferably 2 to 17,500 parts by mass of the solvent (C) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the silicon atoms of the polysiloxane (A) converted to SiO 2. Is 2 to 16,800 parts by mass, more preferably 2 to 16,000 parts by mass. When the amount is less than 2 parts by mass, good coatability may not be obtained. These solvents (C) have an effect of spreading the liquid when applied, and a film having particularly excellent in-plane uniformity can be obtained.
  • the solvent (D) used in the present invention is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the following formula (T1), formula (T2) and formula (T3), a ketone having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and carbon.
  • X 1 , X 3 and X 5 are alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
  • X 2 and X 6 are hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
  • X 4 is 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • 4 is an alkyl group
  • P is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
  • m, n, j, and k are each independently an integer of 1 to 3
  • h is an integer of 2 to 3.
  • the solvent (D) used in the present invention is at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds of formula (T1) to formula (T3), ketones having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and alkyl alcohols having 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • a solvent is preferred.
  • the solvent (D) used in the present invention is, for example, a compound represented by the above formula (T1), a compound represented by the above formula (T3), a ketone having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, or 5 to 5 carbon atoms. It may be a single solvent of 12 alkyl alcohols. Further, it may be a mixed solvent of the compound represented by the formula (T1) and the compound represented by the formula (T2), and further, the compound represented by the formula (T1) and the compound having 5 to 12 carbon atoms. A mixed solvent with an alkyl alcohol may be used. Further, the equation X 2 and X 6 in (T1) and (T3) is preferably a hydrogen atom.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (T1) include 1-methoxy-2-propanol (propylene glycol monomethyl ether), 1-ethoxy-2-propanol (propylene glycol monoethyl ether), 1-propoxy-2-propanol ( Propylene glycol monopropyl ether), 1-butoxy-2-propanol (propylene glycol monobutyl ether), 1,2-dimethoxypropane (propylene glycol dimethyl ether), 1,2-diethoxypropane (propylene glycol diethyl ether), 1,2 -Dipropoxypropane (propylene glycol dipropyl ether), 1,2-dibutoxypropane (propylene glycol dibutyl ether) are preferred. Of these, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, 1-ethoxy-2-propanol, 1-propoxy-2-propanol, or 1-butoxy-2-propanol is preferable.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (T2) include ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, ethylene glycol dipropyl ether, and ethylene glycol dibutyl ether. Of these, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether or ethylene glycol dibutyl ether is preferable.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (T3) include diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dipropyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether and the like. .
  • diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dipropyl ether, or diethylene glycol dibutyl ether are preferable.
  • Specific examples of the ketones having 3 to 6 carbon atoms in the solvent (D) include methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone.
  • Specific examples of the alkyl alcohol having 5 to 12 carbon atoms of the solvent (D) include hexanol, heptanol, octanol, nonanol, decanol, undecanol, dodecanol and the like. Of these, hexanol, heptanol, octanol, nonanol, and decanol are preferable.
  • the solvent (D) used in the present invention may be used as all or a part of the polymerization solvent or additive solvent for polycondensation of the polysiloxane (A). ) May be added later.
  • the content of the solvent (D) is preferably 2 to 17,500 parts by mass of the solvent (D) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the silicon atoms of the polysiloxane (A) converted to SiO 2. Is 2 to 16,800 parts by mass, more preferably 2 to 16,000 parts by mass. When the amount is less than 2 parts by mass, good coatability may not be obtained.
  • These solvents (D) have an effect of spreading the liquid when applied, and a film having particularly excellent in-plane uniformity can be obtained.
  • a solvent other than the glycol solvent (B), the solvent (C) and the solvent (D) may be used in combination as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
  • specific examples of other solvents include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, and diacetone alcohol; esters such as acetone, acetic acid methyl ester, acetic acid ethyl ester, and lactate ethyl ester; N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, ⁇ -butyrolactone, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetramethylurea, hexamethylphosphotriamide, m-cresol and the like.
  • inorganic fine particles other components other than polysiloxane (A), glycol solvent (B), solvent (C), and solvent (D), for example, inorganic fine particles, metalloxane oligomers, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
  • a metalloxane polymer, a leveling agent, a surfactant and the like may be contained.
  • the inorganic fine particles fine particles such as silica fine particles, alumina fine particles, titania fine particles, and magnesium fluoride fine particles are preferable, and a colloid solution of these inorganic fine particles is particularly preferable.
  • This colloidal solution may be a dispersion of inorganic fine particle powder in a dispersion medium or a commercially available colloidal solution.
  • the inclusion of inorganic fine particles makes it possible to impart the surface shape of the formed cured film and other functions.
  • the inorganic fine particles preferably have an average particle size of 0.001 to 0.2 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.001 to 0.1 ⁇ m. When the average particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles exceeds 0.2 ⁇ m, the transparency of the cured film formed using the prepared coating liquid may be lowered.
  • the dispersion medium for the inorganic fine particles include water and organic solvents.
  • the colloidal solution it is preferable that the pH or pKa is adjusted to 1 to 10 from the viewpoint of the stability of the coating solution for forming a film. More preferably, it is 2-7.
  • Organic solvents used for the dispersion medium of the colloidal solution include methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, pentanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, ethylene Alcohols such as glycol monopropyl ether; ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone; aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene; amides such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide and N-methylpyrrolidone; ethyl acetate and butyl acetate And esters such as ⁇ -butyrolactone; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane. Of these, alcohols and ketones are preferred. These organic solvents can be used alone or in admixture of two or more as
  • metalloxane oligomer or metalloxane polymer single or composite oxide precursors such as silicon, titanium, zirconium, aluminum, tantalum, antimony, bismuth, tin, indium, and zinc are used.
  • the metalloxane oligomer or metalloxane polymer may be a commercially available product or may be obtained from monomers such as metal alkoxides, nitrates, hydrochlorides, and carboxylates by a conventional method such as hydrolysis. .
  • a metalloxane oligomer or a metalloxane polymer it is possible to improve the refractive index of the cured film or to impart photosensitivity.
  • metalloxane oligomer or a metalloxane polymer When using a metalloxane oligomer or a metalloxane polymer, it may be used simultaneously with the synthesis of the polysiloxane (A) or may be added to the polysiloxane (A) later.
  • Specific examples of commercially available metalloxane oligomers or metalloxane polymers include siloxane oligomers or siloxanes such as methyl silicate 51, methyl silicate 53A, ethyl silicate 40, ethyl silicate 48, EMS-485, and SS-101 manufactured by Colcoat.
  • the polymer include titanoxane oligomers such as titanium-n-butoxide tetramer manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. You may use these individually or in mixture of 2 or more types.
  • a leveling agent, surfactant, etc. can use a well-known thing, and since a commercial item is easy to acquire especially, it is preferable.
  • the method of mixing the above-mentioned other components with the polysiloxane (A) may be simultaneous with the solution of the polysiloxane (A) and the glycol solvent (B) or after mixing them, and is not particularly limited. .
  • the method for preparing the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention is not particularly limited.
  • the polysiloxane (A), the glycol solvent (B), the solvent (C), the solvent (D), and other components may be in a uniformly mixed state.
  • polysiloxane (A) is polycondensed in a solvent, and thus is obtained in a solution state. Therefore, the method of using the polymerization solution of polysiloxane (A) described above as it is is simple.
  • the polymerization solvent for polysiloxane (A) is glycol solvent (B), solvent (C) or solvent (D), glycol solvent (B), solvent (C) or solvent (D) is not added later May be.
  • the glycol solvent (B) or the solvent (C) is used when preparing the liquid crystal aligning agent.
  • solvent (D) can be added.
  • the concentration in terms of SiO 2 in the liquid crystal aligning agent is preferably 0.5 to 15% by mass, and more preferably 1 to 6% by mass. Within such a SiO 2 equivalent concentration range, it is easy to obtain a desired film thickness by a single application, and it is easy to obtain a sufficient pot life of the solution.
  • the solvent used for adjusting the SiO2 equivalent concentration may be at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of a polymerization solvent for polysiloxane (A), an addition solvent, and a glycol solvent (B).
  • the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention can form a liquid crystal aligning film excellent in in-plane uniformity of the film and edge straightness of the film end by inkjet coating.
  • liquid crystal aligning agent for forming the liquid crystal alignment film examples include spin coating, printing, ink jet coating, spraying, roll coating, and the like.
  • the coating method has attracted attention.
  • the ink jet coating method is a method in which fine droplets are dropped on a substrate and a film is formed by wetting and spreading of the liquid.
  • the liquid crystal aligning agent of this invention has favorable applicability
  • liquid viscosity In order to form a film more uniformly by using an ink jet coating method, it is necessary to stably discharge a liquid from an ink jet nozzle.
  • One of the factors for stably discharging the liquid is the liquid viscosity.
  • the preferred liquid viscosity of the liquid crystal aligning agent varies depending on the ink jet coating apparatus to be used. 25 ° C.) is preferred. More preferably, it is 3 to 15 mPa ⁇ s.
  • the surface tension of the liquid greatly influences one of the causes of the spread of the dropped droplet.
  • the surface tension of the liquid crystal aligning agent varies depending on the type of material used, but is approximately 20 to 40 mN / in the hanging drop method (for example, AUTO DISPENSER AD-3, manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd., measurement temperature 25 ° C.). A range of m is preferred.
  • the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention preferably has a viscosity of 1.8 to 18 mPa ⁇ s (measurement temperature 25 ° C.) and a surface tension of 20 to 40 mN / m (measurement temperature 25 ° C.).
  • the drying process after applying the liquid crystal aligning agent is not necessarily required, but if the time from application to baking is not constant for each substrate, or if baking is not performed immediately after application, a drying process is included. Is preferred.
  • the drying is not particularly limited as long as the solvent is removed to such an extent that the shape of the coating film is not deformed by transporting the substrate or the like.
  • the coating film formed by applying the liquid crystal aligning agent by the above method can be baked to obtain a cured film.
  • the calcination temperature can be any temperature of 100 to 350 ° C., preferably 140 to 300 ° C., more preferably 150 to 230 ° C., and further preferably 160 to 220 ° C.
  • the polysiloxane (A) in the liquid crystal alignment film undergoes polycondensation in the firing step.
  • firing is preferably performed at a temperature higher by 10 ° C. or more than the heat treatment temperature required for the liquid crystal cell production process, such as curing of the sealant.
  • the thickness of the cured film can be selected as necessary. When the thickness of the cured film is 5 nm or more, it is preferable because the reliability of the liquid crystal display element can be easily obtained. More preferably, it is 10 nm or more. Moreover, the case of 300 nm or less is preferable because the power consumption of the liquid crystal display element does not become extremely large. More preferably, it is 150 nm or less.
  • Such a cured film can be used as a liquid crystal alignment film as it is. However, the cured film is rubbed, irradiated with polarized light, light of a specific wavelength, etc. An alignment film can also be used. Since the liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention formed by the above method exhibits high water repellency, good liquid crystal vertical alignment can be obtained.
  • the liquid crystal display element of the present invention can be obtained by forming a liquid crystal alignment film on a substrate by the method described above and then manufacturing a liquid crystal cell by a known method.
  • a method is generally employed in which a pair of substrates on which a liquid crystal alignment film is formed are fixed with a sealant with a spacer interposed therebetween, and liquid crystal is injected and sealed.
  • the size of the spacer used is 1 to 30 ⁇ m, preferably 2 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the method for injecting the liquid crystal is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a vacuum method for injecting liquid crystal after reducing the pressure inside the manufactured liquid crystal cell, and a dropping method for sealing after dropping the liquid crystal.
  • the substrate used for the liquid crystal display element is not particularly limited as long as it is a highly transparent substrate, but is usually a substrate in which a transparent electrode for driving liquid crystal is formed on the substrate. Specific examples include glass plates; polycarbonate, poly (meth) acrylate, polyethersulfone, polyarylate, polyurethane, polysulfone, polyether, polyetherketone, trimethylpentene, polyolefin, polyethylene terephthalate, (meth) acrylonitrile, triacetyl. Examples thereof include a substrate in which a transparent electrode is formed on a plastic plate such as cellulose, diacetyl cellulose, and acetate butyrate cellulose.
  • a high-performance element such as a TFT type liquid crystal display element
  • an element in which an element such as a transistor is formed between an electrode for driving liquid crystal and a substrate is used.
  • a transmissive liquid crystal display element it is common to use a substrate as described above.
  • an opaque substrate such as a silicon wafer may be used. Is possible.
  • a material such as aluminum that reflects light may be used for the electrode formed on the substrate.
  • TEOS tetraethoxysilane
  • C18 octadecyltriethoxysilane
  • UPS 3-ureidopropyltriethoxysilane
  • HG 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol
  • BCS 2-butoxyethanol
  • PB 1-butoxy-2-propanol
  • 1,3 -BDO 1,3-butanediol
  • NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
  • DDE diethylene glycol diethyl ether
  • EDM ethylene glycol dimethyl ether
  • MIBK methyl isobutyl ketone
  • C8OH 1-octanol
  • Example 8 50 g of the polysiloxane solution (K4) obtained in Synthesis Example 4 and each solvent were mixed so as to have the solvent composition shown in Table 2, and a liquid crystal aligning agent (KL8) having a solid content concentration of 3% by mass as SiO 2 was mixed. Got.
  • Table 3 shows the solution viscosity and surface tension of the liquid crystal aligning agents obtained in Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4.
  • the solution viscosity and surface tension were measured by the following methods. [Solution viscosity] Using an E-type viscometer (Viscometer TV-20 manufactured by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd.), the temperature was measured at 25 ° C. [surface tension] It measured using AUTO DISPENCER AD-3 made from Kyowa Interface Science.
  • Inkjet coating was performed with the following apparatus and conditions.
  • Device name Hitachi Plant Technology
  • fine pattern coating device HIS-200-1H Coating substrate 100 ⁇ 100 mm ITO substrate Coating area: 30 ⁇ 40 mm
  • Coating conditions resolution 25 ⁇ m, stage speed 50 mm / sec, frequency 1000 Hz, pulse width 9.6 ⁇ sec, appropriate amount 42 pl, pitch width 70.5 ⁇ m, pitch length 125 ⁇ m, applied voltage 14-14 V (adjusted to a film thickness of 100 nm) ), Nozzle gap 0.5 mm, leveling time 30 sec, drying temperature 60 ° C., drying time 2 min (hot plate)
  • a coating film is formed by the method described in the above [Inkjet coating], dried on a hot plate at a temperature of 80 ° C. for 5 minutes, and then baked in a hot-air circulating clean oven at a temperature of 200 ° C. for 60 minutes.
  • a liquid crystal alignment film with a film thickness of 80 nm was used.
  • a liquid crystal alignment film having a film thickness of 100 nm obtained by the same method as in the example except that the spin coating method was used instead of the ink jet coating was used.
  • the liquid crystal alignment film obtained by the liquid crystal aligning agent for inkjet coating of the present invention is excellent in the in-plane uniformity of the film and the straightness of the edge of the film end, the liquid crystal display element using this is reliable. It is suitably used as a liquid crystal display device having high properties.

Abstract

A silicon-based liquid-crystal alignment film and a liquid-crystal alignment material, the alignment material being suitable for application by ink-jet coating and the alignment film having excellent in-plane evenness and edge straightness. The liquid-crystal alignment material for ink-jet coating is characterized by comprising a polysiloxane (A) having a side chain comprising a C8-30 hydrocarbon group optionally substituted by a fluorine atom, a C2-7 glycol solvent (B), and the following solvent (C) and solvent (D). Solvent (C): a solvent represented by formula (A1) K1O(CH2)wOH (A1) (wherein K1 is a C1-4 alkyl and w is an integer of 1-3). Solvent (D): a solvent selected from a group consisting of: at least one compound selected from a group consisting of compounds of formulae (T1), (T2), and (T3); ketones having 3-6 carbon atoms; and alkyl alcohols having 5-12 carbon atoms. (In the formulae (T1), (T2), and (T3), X1, X3, and X5 are a C1-4 alkyl; X2 and X6 are a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl; X4 is a C1-4 alkyl; P is a C1-3 alkyl; m, n, j, and k each independently is an integer of 1-3; and h is an integer of 2-3.)

Description

インクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜及び液晶表示素子Liquid crystal alignment agent for inkjet coating, liquid crystal alignment film, and liquid crystal display element
 本発明は、ポリシロキサン、特にアルコキシシランを重縮合して得られるポリシロキサンを主として含有し、インクジェット塗布により均一な膜を成膜できる液晶配向剤、前記液晶配向剤から得られる液晶配向膜、及びその液晶配向膜を有する液晶表示素子に関する。 The present invention mainly includes a polysiloxane, particularly polysiloxane obtained by polycondensation of alkoxysilane, and a liquid crystal aligning agent capable of forming a uniform film by inkjet coating, a liquid crystal aligning film obtained from the liquid crystal aligning agent, and The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element having the liquid crystal alignment film.
 液晶表示素子は、透明電極上に液晶配向膜が設けられている2枚の基板を対向配置し、その間隙内に液晶物質を充填させた構造であることが一般に知られている。
 最近では、ビジネス用途及びホームシアター用の液晶プロジェクター(第3の薄型テレビと言われるリアプロTV)用の光源として、照射強度の強いメタルハライドランプが用いられている。そのため、液晶配向膜の特性として、高耐熱性だけでなく高耐光性も求められている。
It is generally known that a liquid crystal display element has a structure in which two substrates each having a liquid crystal alignment film provided on a transparent electrode are arranged to face each other and a liquid crystal material is filled in a gap therebetween.
Recently, a metal halide lamp with high irradiation intensity is used as a light source for a liquid crystal projector for business use and home theater (a rear pro TV referred to as a third thin TV). Therefore, not only high heat resistance but also high light resistance is required as a characteristic of the liquid crystal alignment film.
 一般的に用いられている液晶配向膜材料は、ポリアミック酸やポリイミドを主成分とするものであるが、無機系の液晶配向膜も提案されている。例えば、蒸着により液晶配向膜を形成するものである(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。
 また、塗布型の無機系の液晶配向膜として、テトラアルコキシシランと、トリアルコキシシランと、アルコールと、蓚酸と、の反応生成物を含有する配向剤組成物が提案され、液晶表示素子の電極基板上で垂直配向性、耐熱性及び均一性に優れる液晶配向膜を形成することが報告されている(例えば、特許文献2参照。)。
 さらに、テトラアルコキシシラン、トリアルコキシシラン及び水の反応生成物と、グリコールエーテル系溶媒と、を含有する液晶配向剤組成物が提案され、表示不良を防止し、長時間駆動後も残像特性の良好な、液晶を配向させる能力を低下させることなく、且つ光及び熱に対する電圧保持率の低下が少ない液晶配向膜を形成することが報告されている(例えば、特許文献3参照。)。
Commonly used liquid crystal alignment film materials are mainly composed of polyamic acid or polyimide, but inorganic liquid crystal alignment films have also been proposed. For example, a liquid crystal alignment film is formed by vapor deposition (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
In addition, an alignment agent composition containing a reaction product of tetraalkoxysilane, trialkoxysilane, alcohol, and oxalic acid is proposed as a coating-type inorganic liquid crystal alignment film, and an electrode substrate for a liquid crystal display element is proposed. It has been reported that a liquid crystal alignment film having excellent vertical alignment properties, heat resistance and uniformity is formed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
Furthermore, a liquid crystal aligning agent composition containing a reaction product of tetraalkoxysilane, trialkoxysilane and water, and a glycol ether solvent has been proposed to prevent display defects and good afterimage characteristics even after long-time driving. In addition, it has been reported that a liquid crystal alignment film is formed without decreasing the ability to align liquid crystals and with little decrease in voltage holding ratio against light and heat (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
 一般に、液晶配向膜の成膜法としては、スピンコート、ディップコート、フレキソ印刷などが挙げられるが、実際にはフレキソ印刷が用いられていることが多い。しかしながら、フレキソ印刷では、液晶配向膜を形成するための基板の大きさに応じて印刷版を交換しなければならないこと、成膜工程を安定させるために仮成膜をしなければならないことなどが問題となっている。
 そのため、印刷版を用いない新たな塗布方法としてインクジェット塗布法が注目されている。インクジェット塗布法は、基板に微細な液滴を滴下し、液の濡れ広がりにより成膜する方法であり、印刷版を用いないだけではなく、自由に印刷のパターンを設定できるため、液晶表示素子の製造工程が簡素化できる。また、仮成膜が不要となることで塗布液の無駄が少ないという利点がある。そのため、液晶パネルのコストダウン、生産効率の向上が期待されている。
 このような状況において、耐熱性及び耐光性に優れる無機系の液晶配向膜への要望と共にインクジェット塗布により液晶配向膜を形成するプロセスの導入が望まれており、このような要求に対応可能な無機系液晶配向剤が求められている。
In general, examples of the method for forming a liquid crystal alignment film include spin coating, dip coating, flexographic printing, and the like, but actually, flexographic printing is often used. However, in flexographic printing, the printing plate must be exchanged according to the size of the substrate for forming the liquid crystal alignment film, and provisional film formation must be performed to stabilize the film formation process. It is a problem.
For this reason, an inkjet coating method has attracted attention as a new coating method that does not use a printing plate. The ink jet coating method is a method in which fine droplets are dropped on a substrate and the film is formed by wetting and spreading the liquid. Not only the printing plate is not used, but also a printing pattern can be freely set. The manufacturing process can be simplified. Moreover, there is an advantage that the waste of the coating liquid is reduced by eliminating the need for temporary film formation. For this reason, cost reduction of liquid crystal panels and improvement in production efficiency are expected.
Under such circumstances, it is desired to introduce a process for forming a liquid crystal alignment film by inkjet coating together with a demand for an inorganic liquid crystal alignment film having excellent heat resistance and light resistance. There is a need for liquid crystal alignment agents.
特開2003-50397号公報JP 2003-50397 A 特開平09-281502号公報JP 09-281502 A 特開2005-250244号公報JP 2005-250244 A
 本発明の目的は、インクジェット塗布法を用いて成膜できるケイ素系の液晶配向剤を提供すること、及びインクジェット塗布により、膜の面内均一性及び、膜端部のエッジ直進性に優れた液晶配向膜を提供することである。 An object of the present invention is to provide a silicon-based liquid crystal aligning agent that can be formed using an ink jet coating method, and to provide liquid crystal excellent in in-plane uniformity of the film and edge straightness of the film edge by ink jet coating. An alignment film is provided.
 すなわち、本発明は以下の要旨を有する。
(1)フッ素原子が置換された又は未置換の、炭素数が8~30の炭化水素基からなる側鎖を有するポリシロキサン(A)、炭素数2~7のグリコール溶媒(B)、下記の溶媒(C)及び溶媒(D)を含有することを特徴とするインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。
溶媒(C):式(A1)で表される溶媒、
   KO(CHOH    (A1)
(式中、K1は炭素数1~4のアルキル基であり、wは1~3の整数である。)
溶媒(D):式(T1)、式(T2)及び式(T3)からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物、炭素原子を3~6個有するケトン及び炭素数5~12のアルキルアルコールからなる群から選ばれる溶媒。
That is, the present invention has the following gist.
(1) a polysiloxane (A) having a side chain comprising a hydrocarbon group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted with a fluorine atom, a glycol solvent (B) having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, A liquid crystal aligning agent for inkjet coating, comprising a solvent (C) and a solvent (D).
Solvent (C): a solvent represented by the formula (A1),
K 1 O (CH 2 ) w OH (A1)
(Wherein K 1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and w is an integer of 1 to 3)
Solvent (D): from at least one compound selected from the group consisting of formula (T1), formula (T2) and formula (T3), a ketone having 3 to 6 carbon atoms and an alkyl alcohol having 5 to 12 carbon atoms A solvent selected from the group consisting of:
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000002
(式中、X、X及びXは炭素数1~4のアルキル基であり、X及びXは水素原子又は炭素数1~4のアルキル基であり、Xは炭素数1~4のアルキル基であり、Pは炭素数1~3のアルキル基であり、m、n、j、kは、それぞれ独立に1~3の整数であり、hは2~3の整数である。)
(2)溶媒(D)が、式(T1)~式(T3)で表される化合物、炭素原子を3~6個有するケトン及び炭素数5~12のアルキルアルコールから選ばれる溶媒である上記(1)に記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。
(3)ポリシロキサン(A)が、式(1)で表されるアルコキシシランを含有するアルコキシシランを重縮合して得られるポリシロキサンである上記(1)又は(2)に記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。
   RSi(OR     (1)
(Rはフッ素原子が置換された又は未置換の炭素数8~30の炭化水素基であり、Rは炭素数1~5の炭化水素基を表す。)
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000002
(Wherein X 1 , X 3 and X 5 are alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, X 2 and X 6 are hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and X 4 is 1 carbon atom) Is an alkyl group having ˜4, P is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, m, n, j, and k are each independently an integer of 1 to 3, and h is an integer of 2 to 3 .)
(2) The solvent (D) is a solvent selected from the compounds represented by the formulas (T1) to (T3), ketones having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and alkyl alcohols having 5 to 12 carbon atoms ( Liquid crystal aligning agent for inkjet coating as described in 1).
(3) For inkjet coating according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the polysiloxane (A) is a polysiloxane obtained by polycondensation of an alkoxysilane containing an alkoxysilane represented by the formula (1) Liquid crystal aligning agent.
R 1 Si (OR 2 ) 3 (1)
(R 1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms in which a fluorine atom is substituted or unsubstituted, and R 2 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.)
(4)ポリシロキサン(A)が、式(1)で表されるアルコキシシランと下記式(2)で表されるアルコキシシランとを含有するアルコキシシランを重縮合して得られるポリシロキサンである、上記(3)に記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。
   (R)Si(OR)4-n  (2)
(Rは水素原子、ハロゲン原子、ビニル基又は炭素数1~7の炭化水素基である。その際、前記炭化水素基の任意の水素原子はグリシドキシ基、メルカプト基、メタクリロキシ基、アクリロキシ基、イソシアナート基、アミノ基若しくはウレイド基で置換されていてもよく、かつヘテロ原子を有していてもよい。Rは炭素数1~5の炭化水素基であり、nは0~3の整数を表す。)
(5)ポリシロキサン(A)が、式(1)で表されるアルコキシシランと下記式(3)で表されるアルコキシシランとを含有するアルコキシシランを重縮合して得られるポリシロキサンである、上記(3)又は(4)に記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。
   Si(OR)     (3)
(Rは炭素数1~5の炭化水素基を表す。)
(6)グリコール溶媒(B)が、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、2-メチル-2,4-ペンタンジオール、1,2-プロパンジオール、1,3-プロパンジオール、1,2-ブタンジオール、1,3-ブタンジオール、2,3-ブタンジオール、1,4-ブタンジオール、1,2-ペンタンジオール、1,3-ペンタンジオール、1,4-ペンタンジオール、1,5-ペンタンジオール、2,3-ペンタンジオール、2,4-ペンタンジオール、1,2-ヘキサンジオール、1,3-ヘキサンジオール、1,4-ヘキサンジオール、1,5-ヘキサンジオール、1,6-ヘキサンジオール、2,3-ヘキサンジオール、2,4-ヘキサンジオール、2,5-ヘキサンジオール、3,4-ヘキサンジオール、1,2-ヘプタンジオール、2,3-ヘプタンジオール、3,4-ヘプタンジオール、1,3-ヘプタンジオール、2,4-ヘプタンジオール、3,5-ヘプタンジオール、1,4-ヘプタンジオール、2,5-ヘプタンジオール、1,5-ヘプタンジオール、2,6-ヘプタンジオール、1,6-ヘプタンジオール及び1,7-ヘプタンジオールからなる群から選ばれる1種以上の溶媒である、上記(1)~(5)のいずれかに記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。
(7)前記式(T1)におけるXが水素原子である上記(1)~(6)のいずれかに記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。
(8)ポリシロキサン(A)が有するケイ素原子をSiOに換算した値の合計量の100質量部に対して、グリコール溶媒(B)が20~18,000質量部、溶媒(C)が2~17,500質量部、溶媒(D)が2~17,500質量部である上記(1)~(7)のいずれか一項に記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。
(9)ポリシロキサン(A)が有するケイ素原子をSiOに換算した値の合計量の100質量部に対して、グリコール溶媒(B)が120~17,000質量部、溶媒(C)が2~16,800質量部、溶媒(D)が2~16,800質量部である上記(1)~(8)のいずれか一項に記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。
(10)前記配向剤の粘度が1.8~18mPa・sである上記(1)~(9)のいずれかにインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。
(11)前記配向剤の表面張力が20~40mN/mである上記(1)~(10)のいずれかにインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。
(12)上記(1)~(11)のいずれかに記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤を、インクジェット装置を用いて基板に塗布し、焼成して得られる液晶配向膜。
(13)上記(1)~(11)のいずれかに記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤を、インクジェット装置を用いて基板に塗布し焼成して得られる液晶配向膜の形成方法。
(14)上記(12)に記載の液晶配向膜を有する液晶表示素子。
(4) The polysiloxane (A) is a polysiloxane obtained by polycondensation of an alkoxysilane containing an alkoxysilane represented by the formula (1) and an alkoxysilane represented by the following formula (2). The liquid crystal aligning agent for inkjet coating as described in said (3).
(R 3 ) n Si (OR 4 ) 4-n (2)
(R 3 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a vinyl group or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms. In this case, an arbitrary hydrogen atom of the hydrocarbon group is a glycidoxy group, a mercapto group, a methacryloxy group, an acryloxy group, It may be substituted with an isocyanate group, amino group or ureido group, and may have a hetero atom, R 4 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 0 to 3 Represents.)
(5) The polysiloxane (A) is a polysiloxane obtained by polycondensing an alkoxysilane containing an alkoxysilane represented by the formula (1) and an alkoxysilane represented by the following formula (3). The liquid crystal aligning agent for inkjet coating as described in said (3) or (4).
Si (OR 4 ) 4 (3)
(R 4 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.)
(6) Glycol solvent (B) is ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol 1,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,3-pentanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2,3-pentanediol, 2,4-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,3-hexanediol, 1,4-hexanediol, 1,5-hexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2 , 3-hexanediol, 2,4-hexanediol, 2,5-hexanediol, 3,4-hexanediol 1,2-heptanediol, 2,3-heptanediol, 3,4-heptanediol, 1,3-heptanediol, 2,4-heptanediol, 3,5-heptanediol, 1,4-heptanediol 2,5-heptanediol, 1,5-heptanediol, 2,6-heptanediol, 1,6-heptanediol and 1,7-heptanediol, one or more solvents selected from the group consisting of (1) to (5) The liquid crystal aligning agent for ink jet coating according to any one of the above.
(7) The liquid crystal aligning agent for ink jet coating according to any one of the above (1) to (6), wherein X 2 in the formula (T1) is a hydrogen atom.
(8) with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the values obtained by converting the silicon atoms in the SiO 2 polysiloxane (A) has, glycol solvent (B) is 20 to 18,000 parts by weight, the solvent (C) is 2 The liquid crystal aligning agent for ink jet coating according to any one of the above (1) to (7), wherein the amount is from 17,500 parts by mass and the solvent (D) is from 2-17,500 parts by mass.
(9) with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the values obtained by converting the silicon atoms in the SiO 2 polysiloxane (A) has, glycol solvent (B) is 120 to 17,000 parts by weight, the solvent (C) is 2 The liquid crystal aligning agent for ink jet coating according to any one of the above (1) to (8), wherein the amount is from 16,800 parts by weight and the solvent (D) is from 2-16,800 parts by weight.
(10) The liquid crystal aligning agent for inkjet coating according to any one of the above (1) to (9), wherein the aligning agent has a viscosity of 1.8 to 18 mPa · s.
(11) The liquid crystal aligning agent for ink jet coating according to any one of the above (1) to (10), wherein the aligning agent has a surface tension of 20 to 40 mN / m.
(12) A liquid crystal alignment film obtained by applying the liquid crystal aligning agent for ink jet coating according to any one of the above (1) to (11) to a substrate using an ink jet apparatus and baking it.
(13) A method for forming a liquid crystal alignment film obtained by applying the liquid crystal aligning agent for ink jet coating according to any one of (1) to (11) above to a substrate using an ink jet apparatus and baking.
(14) A liquid crystal display device having the liquid crystal alignment film according to (12).
 本発明の液晶配向剤は、インクジェット塗布により、膜の面内均一性及び、膜端部のエッジ直進性に優れた液晶配向膜を形成できる。 The liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention can form a liquid crystal aligning film excellent in in-plane uniformity of the film and edge straightness at the end of the film by inkjet coating.
 以下に本発明について詳細に説明する。
<ポリシロキサンA>
 本発明で用いるポリシロキサン(A)は、フッ素原子が置換された又は未置換の、炭素数が8~30、好ましくは8~22の炭化水素基からなる側鎖(以下、特定有機基ともいう)を有するポリシロキサンである。
 上記特定有機基は、液晶を一方向に配向させる効果を有するが、この効果を有するものであれば特に限定されない。それらの例としては、アルキル基、フルオロアルキル基、アルケニル基、フェネチル基、フルオロフェニルアルキル基、スチリルアルキル基、ナフチル基等が挙げられる。
 これらの中でも、アルキル基は入手が容易であるので好ましい。
 本発明に用いるポリシロキサン(A)は、特定有機基を複数種有していてもよい。
The present invention is described in detail below.
<Polysiloxane A>
The polysiloxane (A) used in the present invention is a side chain (hereinafter also referred to as a specific organic group) composed of a hydrocarbon group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 22 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted with fluorine atoms. ).
The specific organic group has an effect of aligning the liquid crystal in one direction, but is not particularly limited as long as it has this effect. Examples thereof include an alkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group, an alkenyl group, a phenethyl group, a fluorophenylalkyl group, a styrylalkyl group, and a naphthyl group.
Among these, an alkyl group is preferable because it is easily available.
The polysiloxane (A) used in the present invention may have a plurality of specific organic groups.
 本発明に用いるポリシロキサン(A)は、基板との密着性や液晶分子との親和性改善等を目的として、本発明の効果を損なわない限りにおいて、特定有機基とは異なる側鎖(以下、第二の有機基ともいう)を有していてもよい。上記第二の有機基は、炭素数が1~7、好ましくは1~6、より好ましくは1~5の有機基である。第二の有機基は、脂肪族炭化水素;脂肪族環、芳香族環、ヘテロ環のような環構造;不飽和結合;酸素原子、窒素原子や硫黄原子等のヘテロ原子;分岐構造を有していてもよい。第二の有機基は、ビニル基又は炭素数1~7の炭化水素基であり、該炭化水素基の任意の水素原子は、グリシドキシ基、メルカプト基、メタクリロキシ基、アクリロキシ基、イソシアナート基、アミノ基若しくはウレイド基で置換されていてもよく、また、ヘテロ原子を有していてもよい。本発明に用いるポリシロキサン(A)は、第二の有機基を一種又は複数種有していてもよい。 The polysiloxane (A) used in the present invention is a side chain different from the specific organic group (hereinafter, referred to as “unaffected”) as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired for the purpose of improving the adhesion with the substrate and the affinity with the liquid crystal molecules. It may also have a second organic group). The second organic group is an organic group having 1 to 7, preferably 1 to 6, more preferably 1 to 5 carbon atoms. The second organic group is an aliphatic hydrocarbon; a ring structure such as an aliphatic ring, an aromatic ring or a hetero ring; an unsaturated bond; a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom or a sulfur atom; a branched structure It may be. The second organic group is a vinyl group or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and any hydrogen atom of the hydrocarbon group is a glycidoxy group, a mercapto group, a methacryloxy group, an acryloxy group, an isocyanate group, an amino group It may be substituted with a group or a ureido group, and may have a hetero atom. The polysiloxane (A) used in the present invention may have one or more second organic groups.
 上述したポリシロキサン(A)を得る方法は特に限定されないが、一般的には、アルコキシシランを重縮合して得られる。
 具体的には、下記式(1)で表されるアルコキシシランを必須成分とするアルコキシシランを重縮合することでポリシロキサン(A)を得ることができる。
   RSi(OR     (1)
 式(1)中、Rは特定有機基を表し、その例は上記の特定有機基として記載したと同じである。中でも、Rがアルキル基であるアルコキシシランは、比較的安価で市販品として入手し易いため好ましい。Rは、炭素数1~5、好ましくは1~4の炭化水素基である。
The method for obtaining the polysiloxane (A) described above is not particularly limited, but is generally obtained by polycondensation of alkoxysilane.
Specifically, polysiloxane (A) can be obtained by polycondensation of an alkoxysilane having an alkoxysilane represented by the following formula (1) as an essential component.
R 1 Si (OR 2 ) 3 (1)
In the formula (1), R 1 represents a specific organic group, and examples thereof are the same as those described as the specific organic group. Among these, alkoxysilanes in which R 1 is an alkyl group are preferable because they are relatively inexpensive and easily available as commercial products. R 2 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
 上記式(1)で表されるアルコキシシランの具体例を挙げるが、これに限定されるものではない。
 例えば、オクチルトリメトキシシラン、オクチルトリエトキシシラン、デシルトリメトキシシラン、デシルトリエトキシシラン、ドデシルトリメトキシシラン、ドデシルトリエトキシシラン、ヘキサデシルトリメトキシシラン、ヘキサデシルトリエトキシシラン、ヘプタデシルトリメトキシシラン、ヘプタデシルトリエトキシシラン、オクタデシルトリメトキシシラン、オクタデシルトリエトキシシラン、ノナデシルトリメトキシシラン、ノナデシルトリエトキシシラン、ウンデシルトリエトキシシラン、ウンデシルトリメトキシシラン、21-ドコセニルトリエトキシシラン、トリデカフルオロオクチルトリメトキシシラン、トリデカフルオロオクチルトリエトキシシラン、ヘプタデカフルオロデシルトリメトキシシラン、ヘプタデカフルオロデシルトリエトキシシラン、イソオクチルトリエトキシシラン、フェネチルトリエトキシシラン、ペンタフルオロフェニルプロピルトリメトキシシラン、m-ビニルフェニルエチルトリメトキシシラン、p-ビニルフェニルエチルトリメトキシシラン、(1-ナフチル)トリエトキシシラン、(1-ナフチル)トリメトキシシラン、アリロキシウンデシルトリエトキシシラン、ベンゾイルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-(4-メトキシフェノキシ)プロピルトリメトキシシラン、1-[(2-トリエトキシシリル)エチル]シクロヘキサン-3,4-エポキシド、2-(ジフェニルフォスフィノ)エチルトリエトキシシラン、ジエトキシメチルオクタデシルシラン、ジメトキシメチルオクタデシルシラン、ジエトキシドデシルメチルシラン、ジメトキシドデシルメチルシラン、ジエトキシデシルメチルシラン、ジメトキシデシルメチルシラン、ジエトキシオクチルメチルシラン、ジメトキシオクチルメチルシラン、エトキシジメチルオクタデシルシラン、メトキシジメチルオクタデシルシラン等が挙げられる。
 なかでも、オクチルトリメトキシシラン、オクチルトリエトキシシラン、デシルトリメトキシシラン、デシルトリエトキシシラン、ドデシルトリメトキシシラン、ドデシルトリエトキシシラン、ヘキサデシルトリメトキシシラン、ヘキサデシルトリエトキシシラン、ヘプタデシルトリメトキシシラン、ヘプタデシルトリエトキシシラン、オクタデシルトリメトキシシラン、オクタデシルトリエトキシシラン、ノナデシルトリメトキシシラン、ノナデシルトリエトキシシラン、ウンデシルトリエトキシシラン、又はウンデシルトリメトキシシラン、ジエトキシメチルオクタデシルシラン、ジエトキシドデシルメチルシランが好ましい。
Although the specific example of the alkoxysilane represented by the said Formula (1) is given, it is not limited to this.
For example, octyltrimethoxysilane, octyltriethoxysilane, decyltrimethoxysilane, decyltriethoxysilane, dodecyltrimethoxysilane, dodecyltriethoxysilane, hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, hexadecyltriethoxysilane, heptadecyltrimethoxysilane, Heptadecyltriethoxysilane, octadecyltrimethoxysilane, octadecyltriethoxysilane, nonadecyltrimethoxysilane, nonadecyltriethoxysilane, undecyltriethoxysilane, undecyltrimethoxysilane, 21-docosenyltriethoxysilane, trideca Fluorooctyltrimethoxysilane, tridecafluorooctyltriethoxysilane, heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, heptadecaful Rhodecyltriethoxysilane, isooctyltriethoxysilane, phenethyltriethoxysilane, pentafluorophenylpropyltrimethoxysilane, m-vinylphenylethyltrimethoxysilane, p-vinylphenylethyltrimethoxysilane, (1-naphthyl) triethoxysilane , (1-naphthyl) trimethoxysilane, allyloxyundecyltriethoxysilane, benzoyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3- (4-methoxyphenoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, 1-[(2-triethoxysilyl) ethyl] Cyclohexane-3,4-epoxide, 2- (diphenylphosphino) ethyltriethoxysilane, diethoxymethyloctadecylsilane, dimethoxymethyloctadecylsilane, diethoxydodecyl Chirushiran, dimethoxy dodecyl methyl silane, diethoxy decyl methyl silane, dimethoxy decyl methyl silane, diethoxy-octyl methyl silane, dimethoxy octyl methyl silane, ethoxy dimethyl octadecyl silane, methoxy dimethyloctadecylsilane like.
Among them, octyltrimethoxysilane, octyltriethoxysilane, decyltrimethoxysilane, decyltriethoxysilane, dodecyltrimethoxysilane, dodecyltriethoxysilane, hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, hexadecyltriethoxysilane, heptadecyltrimethoxysilane , Heptadecyltriethoxysilane, octadecyltrimethoxysilane, octadecyltriethoxysilane, nonadecyltrimethoxysilane, nonadecyltriethoxysilane, undecyltriethoxysilane, or undecyltrimethoxysilane, diethoxymethyloctadecylsilane, diethoxy Dodecylmethylsilane is preferred.
 本発明においては、式(1)で表されるアルコキシシランを複数種併用することもできる。
 式(1)で表されるアルコキシシランの使用比率は、ポリシロキサン(A)を得るために用いる全アルコキシシラン中において、0.1モル%未満の場合には、良好な液晶配向性が得られない場合があるため、0.1モル%以上が好ましい。より好ましくは0.5モル%以上である。また、30モル%を超える場合は、形成される液晶配向膜が充分に硬化しない場合があるため、30モル%以下が好ましい。より好ましくは22モル%以下である。更に好ましくは15モル%以下である。
 また、本発明においては、式(1)で表されるアルコキシシランと、下記式(2)で表されるアルコキシシランとを含有するアルコキシシランを重縮合して得られるポリシロキサンであるのが好ましい。
   (R)Si(OR)4-n  (2)
In the present invention, a plurality of alkoxysilanes represented by the formula (1) can be used in combination.
When the use ratio of the alkoxysilane represented by the formula (1) is less than 0.1 mol% in all alkoxysilanes used for obtaining the polysiloxane (A), good liquid crystal alignment is obtained. Since it may not exist, 0.1 mol% or more is preferable. More preferably, it is 0.5 mol% or more. Moreover, when it exceeds 30 mol%, since the liquid crystal aligning film formed may not fully harden | cure, 30 mol% or less is preferable. More preferably, it is 22 mol% or less. More preferably, it is 15 mol% or less.
Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable that it is the polysiloxane obtained by polycondensing the alkoxysilane containing the alkoxysilane represented by Formula (1) and the alkoxysilane represented by following formula (2). .
(R 3 ) n Si (OR 4 ) 4-n (2)
 Rは水素原子、ハロゲン原子、ビニル基又は炭素数1~7の炭化水素基であり、好ましくは水素原子又は炭素数1~7の炭化水素基である。前記炭化水素基の任意の水素原子は、グリシドキシ基、メルカプト基、メタクリロキシ基、アクリロキシ基、イソシアナート基、アミノ基若しくはウレイド基で置換されていてもよく、また、ヘテロ原子を有していてもよい。Rは炭素数1~5、好ましくは1~4、より好ましくは1~3の炭化水素基であり、nは0~3、好ましくは0~2の整数を表す。 R 3 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a vinyl group or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, preferably a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms. Any hydrogen atom of the hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a glycidoxy group, mercapto group, methacryloxy group, acryloxy group, isocyanate group, amino group or ureido group, and may have a hetero atom. Good. R 4 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 0 to 3, preferably 0 to 2.
 また、式(2)のRがビニル基又は炭化水素基である場合、Rは上述した第二の有機基を表す。従って、この場合、Rの例は、上記の第二の有機基として記載したと同じである。
 式(2)で表されるアルコキシシランとしては、メチルトリメトキシシラン、メチルトリエトキシシラン、メチルトリプロポキシシラン、エチルトリメトキシシラン、エチルトリエトキシシラン、プロピルトリメトキシシラン、プロピルトリエトキシシラン、ブチルトリメトキシシラン、ブチルトリエトキシシラン、ペンチルトリメトキシシラン、ペンチルトリエトキシシラン、ヘキシルトリメトキシシラン、ヘキシルトリエトキシシラン、3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、N-2(アミノエチル)3-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、N-2(アミノエチル)3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-(2-アミノエチルアミノプロピル)トリメトキシシラン、3-(2-アミノエチルアミノプロピル)トリエトキシシラン、2-アミノエチルアミノメチルトリメトキシシラン、2-(2-アミノエチルチオエチル)トリエトキシシラン、3-メルカプトプロピルトリエトキシシラン、メルカプトメチルトリメトキシシラン、3-ウレイドプロピルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリメトキシシラン、アリルトリエトキシシラン、3-メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-メタクリロキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3-アクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-アクリロキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3-イソシアネートプロピルトリエトキシシラン、トリフルオロプロピルトリメトキシシラン、クロロプロピルトリエトキシシラン、ブロモプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン等が挙げられる。
 式(2)のアルコキシシランにおいて、Rが水素原子である場合のアルコキシシランの具体例としては、トリメトキシシラン、トリエトキシシラン、トリプロポキシシラン、トリブトキシシラン等が挙げられる。
Moreover, when R < 3 > of Formula (2) is a vinyl group or a hydrocarbon group, R < 3 > represents the 2nd organic group mentioned above. Therefore, in this case, the example of R 3 is the same as described as the second organic group above.
Examples of the alkoxysilane represented by the formula (2) include methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, methyltripropoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, propyltrimethoxysilane, propyltriethoxysilane, and butyltrimethoxysilane. Methoxysilane, butyltriethoxysilane, pentyltrimethoxysilane, pentyltriethoxysilane, hexyltrimethoxysilane, hexyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-2 (aminoethyl) ) 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-2 (aminoethyl) 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3- (2-aminoethylaminopropyl) trimethoxysilane, 3- (2-amino) Tilaminopropyl) triethoxysilane, 2-aminoethylaminomethyltrimethoxysilane, 2- (2-aminoethylthioethyl) triethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, mercaptomethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-ureidopropyl Triethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, allyltriethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-acryloxy Propyltriethoxysilane, 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane, chloropropyltriethoxysilane, bromopropyltriethoxy Run, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, and the like.
In the alkoxysilane of the formula (2), specific examples of the alkoxysilane when R 3 is a hydrogen atom include trimethoxysilane, triethoxysilane, tripropoxysilane, tributoxysilane and the like.
 式(2)のアルコキシシランにおいて、nが0であるアルコキシシランは、式(3)のテトラアルコキシシランを表す。
   Si(OR)  (3)
 式(3)中、Rは炭素数1~5、好ましくは1~4、より好ましくは1~3の炭化水素基である。式(3)で表されるテトラアルコキシシランは、式(1)で表されるアルコキシシランと縮合し易いので、ポリシロキサン(A)を得るためには好ましい。式(3)のテトラアルコキシシランの具体例としては、テトラメトキシシラン、テトラエトキシシラン、テトラプロポキシシラン、テトラブトキシシラン等が挙げられる。
 上記した式(2)又は式(3)で表されるアルコキシシランを用いる場合、1種でも複数種でも適宜必要に応じて用いることができる。
In the alkoxysilane of the formula (2), an alkoxysilane in which n is 0 represents a tetraalkoxysilane of the formula (3).
Si (OR 4 ) 4 (3)
In the formula (3), R 4 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms. The tetraalkoxysilane represented by the formula (3) is preferable for obtaining the polysiloxane (A) because it easily condenses with the alkoxysilane represented by the formula (1). Specific examples of the tetraalkoxysilane of the formula (3) include tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetrapropoxysilane, tetrabutoxysilane and the like.
When the alkoxysilane represented by the above formula (2) or formula (3) is used, one type or a plurality of types can be used as necessary.
 式(2)又は式(3)で表されるアルコキシシランを併用する場合、ポリシロキサン(A)を得るために用いる全アルコキシシラン中において、式(2)又は式(3)で表されるアルコキシシランの合計使用量が、70~99.7モル%であることが好ましい。より好ましくは、78~99.7モル%である。更に好ましくは、式(2)又は式(3)で表されるアルコキシシランが85~99.7モル%である。
 本発明に用いるポリシロキサン(A)は、上記した式(1)で表されるアルコキシシランを必須成分として含有するアルコキシシランを、有機溶媒中で縮合させて得られる。その際、式(1)、式(2)及び式(3)で表されるアルコキシシランを含有するアルコキシシランが好ましい。通常、ポリシロキサン(A)は、このようなアルコキシシランを重縮合して、有機溶媒に均一に溶解した溶液として得られる。
When the alkoxysilane represented by the formula (2) or the formula (3) is used in combination, the alkoxy represented by the formula (2) or the formula (3) in all the alkoxysilanes used for obtaining the polysiloxane (A). The total amount of silane used is preferably 70 to 99.7 mol%. More preferably, it is 78 to 99.7 mol%. More preferably, the alkoxysilane represented by the formula (2) or the formula (3) is 85 to 99.7 mol%.
The polysiloxane (A) used in the present invention is obtained by condensing an alkoxysilane containing an alkoxysilane represented by the above formula (1) as an essential component in an organic solvent. In that case, the alkoxysilane containing the alkoxysilane represented by Formula (1), Formula (2), and Formula (3) is preferable. Usually, the polysiloxane (A) is obtained as a solution obtained by polycondensation of such an alkoxysilane and uniformly dissolved in an organic solvent.
 本発明に用いるポリシロキサン(A)を縮合する方法は特に限定されないが、例えば、アルコキシシランをアルコールやグリコール溶媒中で加水分解・縮合する方法が挙げられる。その際、加水分解・縮合反応は、部分加水分解及び完全加水分解のいずれであってもよい。完全加水分解の場合は、理論上、アルコキシシラン中の全アルコキシ基の0.5倍モルの水を加えればよいが、通常は0.5倍モルより過剰量の水を加える。 The method for condensing the polysiloxane (A) used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of hydrolyzing and condensing alkoxysilane in an alcohol or glycol solvent. At that time, the hydrolysis / condensation reaction may be either partial hydrolysis or complete hydrolysis. In the case of complete hydrolysis, theoretically 0.5 times mole of water of all alkoxy groups in the alkoxysilane may be added, but usually an excess amount of water is added more than 0.5 times mole.
 本発明においては、上記反応に用いる水の量は、所望により適宜選択することができるが、通常、アルコキシシラン中の全アルコキシ基の0.5~2.5倍モルが好ましい。
 また、通常、加水分解・縮合反応を促進する目的で、塩酸、硫酸、硝酸、酢酸、蟻酸、蓚酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸などの酸、アンモニア、メチルアミン、エチルアミン、エタノールアミン、トリエチルアミンなどのアルカリ及び塩酸、硫酸、硝酸などの金属塩などの触媒が用いられる。さらに、アルコキシシランが溶解した溶液を加熱することで、更に、加水分解・縮合反応を促進させることも一般的である。その際、加熱温度及び加熱時間は所望により適宜選択でき、例えば、50℃で24時間加熱・撹拌したり、還流下で1時間加熱・撹拌するなどの方法が挙げられる。
In the present invention, the amount of water used in the above reaction can be appropriately selected as desired, but it is usually preferably 0.5 to 2.5 moles of all alkoxy groups in the alkoxysilane.
Usually, for the purpose of promoting hydrolysis / condensation reaction, acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, formic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, alkalis such as ammonia, methylamine, ethylamine, ethanolamine, triethylamine Catalysts such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and other metal salts are used. Furthermore, it is also common to further promote the hydrolysis / condensation reaction by heating the solution in which the alkoxysilane is dissolved. At that time, the heating temperature and the heating time can be appropriately selected as desired. Examples thereof include heating and stirring at 50 ° C. for 24 hours and heating and stirring for 1 hour under reflux.
 また、別法として、例えば、アルコキシシラン、溶媒及び蓚酸の混合物を加熱して重縮合する方法が挙げられる。具体的には、あらかじめアルコールに蓚酸を加えて蓚酸のアルコール溶液とした後、当該溶液を加熱した状態で、アルコキシシランを混合する方法である。その際、用いる蓚酸の量は、アルコキシシランが有する全アルコキシ基の1モルに対して0.2~2モルが好ましい。この方法における加熱は、液温が50~180℃で行うことができ、好ましくは、液の蒸発、揮散などが起こらないように、例えば、還流管を備え付けた容器中の還流下で数十分から十数時間行われる。 As another method, for example, a method of heating and polycondensing a mixture of alkoxysilane, a solvent and oxalic acid can be mentioned. Specifically, after adding succinic acid to alcohol in advance to obtain an alcohol solution of succinic acid, alkoxysilane is mixed while the solution is heated. In this case, the amount of succinic acid used is preferably 0.2 to 2 mol with respect to 1 mol of all alkoxy groups contained in the alkoxysilane. The heating in this method can be performed at a liquid temperature of 50 to 180 ° C., and preferably, for example, several tens of minutes under reflux in a container equipped with a reflux pipe so that the liquid does not evaporate or volatilize. It takes about 10 hours.
 ポリシロキサン(A)を得る際に、アルコキシシランを複数種用いる場合は、アルコキシシランをあらかじめ混合物として混合してもよいし、複数種のアルコキシシランを順次混合してもよい。
 アルコキシシランを重縮合する際に用いられる溶媒(以下、重合溶媒ともいう)は、アルコキシシランを溶解するものであれば特に限定されない。また、アルコキシシランが溶解しない場合でも、アルコキシシランの重縮合反応の進行とともに溶解するものであればよい。一般的には、アルコキシシランの重縮合反応によりアルコールが生成するため、アルコール類、グリコール類、グリコールエーテル類やアルコール類と相溶性の良好な有機溶媒が用いられる。
When using multiple types of alkoxysilane when obtaining polysiloxane (A), alkoxysilane may be mixed as a mixture beforehand, or multiple types of alkoxysilane may be mixed sequentially.
The solvent used for polycondensation of alkoxysilane (hereinafter also referred to as polymerization solvent) is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve alkoxysilane. Moreover, even when alkoxysilane does not melt | dissolve, what is melt | dissolved should just melt | dissolve with the progress of the polycondensation reaction of alkoxysilane. In general, since an alcohol is generated by a polycondensation reaction of alkoxysilane, an organic solvent having good compatibility with alcohols, glycols, glycol ethers and alcohols is used.
 このような重合溶媒の具体例としては、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、ブタノール、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、2-メチル-2,4-ペンタンジオール、エチルカルビトール、ブチルカルビトール、エチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジプロピルエーテル、エチレングリコールジブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジプロピルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジブチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールジメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールジエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールジプロピルエーテル、プロピレングリコールジブチルエーテル、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、γ-ブチロラクトン、ジメチルスルホキシド、テトラメチル尿素、ヘキサメチルホスホトリアミド、m-クレゾール等が挙げられる。
 本発明においては、上記の重合溶媒を複数種混合して用いてもよい。
Specific examples of such a polymerization solvent include methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, ethyl carbitol, butyl carbitol, Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, ethylene glycol dipropyl ether, ethylene glycol dibutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dipropyl Ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monopropyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol dimethyl ether, propylene glycol diethyl ether, propylene glycol dipropyl ether, propylene glycol dibutyl ether, N- Examples include methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, γ-butyrolactone, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetramethylurea, hexamethylphosphotriamide, m-cresol and the like.
In the present invention, a plurality of the above polymerization solvents may be mixed and used.
 このような方法の後に得られる溶液は、原料として仕込んだ全アルコキシシランのケイ素原子をSiOに換算した濃度(以下、SiO換算濃度と称す。)を20質量%以下とすることが一般的であり、好ましくは15質量%以下である。この濃度範囲において任意の濃度を選択することにより、ゲルの生成を抑え、均質な溶液を得ることができる。 The solution obtained after such a method generally has a concentration obtained by converting silicon atoms of all alkoxysilanes charged as raw materials into SiO 2 (hereinafter referred to as SiO 2 converted concentration) to 20% by mass or less. Preferably, it is 15 mass% or less. By selecting an arbitrary concentration within this concentration range, gel formation can be suppressed and a homogeneous solution can be obtained.
<ポリシロキサン(A)の溶液>
 本発明においては、上記した方法で得られた溶液をそのままポリシロキサン(A)の溶液としてもよいし、必要に応じて、上記した方法で得られた溶液を、濃縮したり、溶媒を加えて希釈したり又は他の溶媒に置換して、ポリシロキサン(A)の溶液としてもよい。
 その際、用いる溶媒(以下、添加溶媒ともいう)は、重縮合に用いたのと同じ溶媒でもよいし、別の溶媒でもよい。この溶媒は、ポリシロキサン(A)が均一に溶解している限りにおいて特に限定されず、一種でも複数種でも任意に選択して用いることができる。
<Solution of polysiloxane (A)>
In the present invention, the solution obtained by the above-described method may be used as it is as the polysiloxane (A) solution. If necessary, the solution obtained by the above-described method may be concentrated or a solvent may be added. The solution of polysiloxane (A) may be diluted or replaced with another solvent.
In this case, the solvent to be used (hereinafter also referred to as an additive solvent) may be the same solvent used for polycondensation or another solvent. This solvent is not particularly limited as long as the polysiloxane (A) is uniformly dissolved, and one kind or a plurality of kinds can be arbitrarily selected and used.
 このような添加溶媒の具体例としては、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、ブタノール、ジアセトンアルコール等のアルコール類;アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン等のケトン類;エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、2-メチル-2,4-ペンタンジオール等のグリコール類;エチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジプロピルエーテル、エチレングリコールジブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジプロピルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル等のグリコールエーテル類;酢酸メチルエステル、酢酸エチルエステル、乳酸エチルエステル等のエステル類;N-メチル-2-ピロリドン、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、γ-ブチロラクトン、ジメチルスルホキシド、テトラメチル尿素、ヘキサメチルホスホトリアミド、m-クレゾール等が挙げられる。
 本発明においては、上記のようにして得られるポリシロキサン(A)の溶液を、1種用いてもよいし、複数種を用いてもよい。
Specific examples of such an additive solvent include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and diacetone alcohol; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone; ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol and 2-methyl Glycols such as -2,4-pentanediol; ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, ethylene glycol dipropyl ether, ethylene glycol dibutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol Glycol ethers such as coal diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dipropyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monopropyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether; esters such as acetic acid methyl ester, acetic acid ethyl ester, and lactate ethyl ester N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, γ-butyrolactone, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetramethylurea, hexamethylphosphotriamide, m-cresol and the like.
In the present invention, one or more of the polysiloxane (A) solutions obtained as described above may be used.
<グリコール溶媒(B)>
 本発明で用いるグリコール溶媒(B)は、炭素数2~7、好ましくは2~5のグリコール溶媒であり、その具体例を挙げると、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、2-メチル-2,4-ペンタンジオール、1,2-プロパンジオール、1,3-プロパンジオール、1,2-ブタンジオール、1,3-ブタンジオール、2,3-ブタンジオール、1,4-ブタンジオール、1,2-ペンタンジオール、1,3-ペンタンジオール、1,4-ペンタンジオール、1,5-ペンタンジオール、2,3-ペンタンジオール、2,4-ペンタンジオール、1,2-ヘキサンジオール、1,3-ヘキサンジオール、1,4-ヘキサンジオール、1,5-ヘキサンジオール、1,6-ヘキサンジオール、2,3-ヘキサンジオール、2,4-ヘキサンジオール、2,5-ヘキサンジオール、3,4-ヘキサンジオール、1,2-ヘプタンジオール、2,3-ヘプタンジオール、3,4-ヘプタンジオール、1,3-ヘプタンジオール、2,4-ヘプタンジオール、3,5-ヘプタンジオール、1,4-ヘプタンジオール、2,5-ヘプタンジオール、1,5-ヘプタンジオール、2,6-ヘプタンジオール、1,6-ヘプタンジオール、1,7-ヘプタンジオール等である。グリコール溶媒(B)は、複数種を併用してもよい。なかでも、、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、2-メチル-2,4-ペンタンジオール、1,2-プロパンジオール、1,3-プロパンジオール、1,2-ブタンジオール、1,3-ブタンジオール、2,3-ブタンジオール、1,4-ブタンジオール、1,2-ペンタンジオール、1,3-ペンタンジオール、1,4-ペンタンジオール、1,5-ペンタンジオール、2,3-ペンタンジオール、2,4-ペンタンジオール、1,2-ヘキサンジオール、1,3-ヘキサンジオール、1,4-ヘキサンジオール、1,5-ヘキサンジオール、1,6-ヘキサンジオール、2,3-ヘキサンジオール、2,4-ヘキサンジオール、2,5-ヘキサンジオール、3,4-ヘキサンジオール、又はこれらの混合溶媒が好ましい。
<Glycol solvent (B)>
The glycol solvent (B) used in the present invention is a glycol solvent having 2 to 7, preferably 2 to 5 carbon atoms. Specific examples thereof include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 2-methyl-2, 4-pentanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,2, -Pentanediol, 1,3-pentanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2,3-pentanediol, 2,4-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,3- Hexanediol, 1,4-hexanediol, 1,5-hexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2,3-hexa Diol, 2,4-hexanediol, 2,5-hexanediol, 3,4-hexanediol, 1,2-heptanediol, 2,3-heptanediol, 3,4-heptanediol, 1,3-heptanediol 2,4-heptanediol, 3,5-heptanediol, 1,4-heptanediol, 2,5-heptanediol, 1,5-heptanediol, 2,6-heptanediol, 1,6-heptanediol, 1,7-heptanediol and the like. A plurality of glycol solvents (B) may be used in combination. Among them, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butane Diol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,3-pentanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2,3-pentanediol 2,4-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,3-hexanediol, 1,4-hexanediol, 1,5-hexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2,3-hexanediol, 2,4-hexanediol, 2,5-hexanediol, 3,4-hexanediol, or these If solvents are preferred.
 このようなグリコール溶媒(B)は、ポリシロキサン(A)を重縮合する際の重合溶媒や添加溶媒の全部又は一部として使用してもよく、他の溶媒で合成したポリシロキサン(A)に後から添加してもよい。
 本発明で使用されるグリコール溶媒(B)の含有量は、液晶配向剤中で、ポリシロキサン(A)が有するケイ素原子をSiOに換算した値の合計量の100質量部に対して、グリコール溶媒(B)が20~18,000質量部、好ましくは120~17,000質量部、より好ましくは150~16,000質量部である。20質量部より少ない場合は良好な塗布性が得られないことがある。
 本発明に用いるグリコール溶媒(B)は、特に塗布した際の液の広がりを抑制する効果があり、特にエッジ直進性に優れた膜を得ることができる。
Such a glycol solvent (B) may be used as all or part of a polymerization solvent or an addition solvent when polysiloxane (A) is polycondensed, and is added to polysiloxane (A) synthesized with another solvent. It may be added later.
The content of the glycol solvent (B) used in the present invention, in the liquid crystal aligning agent, relative to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the values obtained by converting the silicon atoms in the SiO 2 having polysiloxane (A) is glycol The solvent (B) is 20 to 18,000 parts by mass, preferably 120 to 17,000 parts by mass, more preferably 150 to 16,000 parts by mass. When the amount is less than 20 parts by mass, good coatability may not be obtained.
The glycol solvent (B) used in the present invention has an effect of suppressing the spread of the liquid particularly when applied, and a film having particularly excellent edge straightness can be obtained.
<溶媒(C)>
 本発明で用いられる溶媒(C)は、式(A1)で表される溶媒からなる群から選ばれる1種以上の溶媒である。
   KO(CHOH    (A1)

 式中、K1は炭素数1~4のアルキル基であり、wは1~3の整数である。
 溶媒(C)の具体例として、2-メトキシエタノール、2-エトキシエタノール、2-プロポキシエタノール、2-ブトキシエタノール等が挙げられる。
 本発明で使用される溶媒(C)は、ポリシロキサン(A)を重縮合する際の重合溶媒や添加溶媒の全部又は一部として使用してもよく、他の溶媒で合成したポリシロキサン(A)に後から添加してもよい。
 溶媒(C)の含有量は、ポリシロキサン(A)が有するケイ素原子をSiOに換算した値の合計量の100質量部に対して、溶媒(C)が2~17,500質量部、好ましくは2~16,800質量部、より好ましくは2~16,000質量部である。2質量部より少ない場合は良好な塗布性が得られないことがある。
 これらの溶媒(C)は、塗布した際の液を広げる効果があり、特に面内均一性の優れた膜を得ることができる。
<Solvent (C)>
The solvent (C) used in the present invention is at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of solvents represented by the formula (A1).
K 1 O (CH 2 ) w OH (A1)

In the formula, K 1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and w is an integer of 1 to 3.
Specific examples of the solvent (C) include 2-methoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-propoxyethanol, 2-butoxyethanol and the like.
The solvent (C) used in the present invention may be used as all or a part of the polymerization solvent or additive solvent for polycondensation of the polysiloxane (A). ) May be added later.
The content of the solvent (C) is preferably 2 to 17,500 parts by mass of the solvent (C) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the silicon atoms of the polysiloxane (A) converted to SiO 2. Is 2 to 16,800 parts by mass, more preferably 2 to 16,000 parts by mass. When the amount is less than 2 parts by mass, good coatability may not be obtained.
These solvents (C) have an effect of spreading the liquid when applied, and a film having particularly excellent in-plane uniformity can be obtained.
<溶媒(D)>
 本発明で用いられる溶媒(D)は、下記の式(T1)、式(T2)及び式(T3)からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物、炭素数3~6、のケトン、及び炭素数5~12のアルキルアルコールからなる群から選ばれる1種以上の溶媒である。
<Solvent (D)>
The solvent (D) used in the present invention is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the following formula (T1), formula (T2) and formula (T3), a ketone having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and carbon. One or more solvents selected from the group consisting of several to 12 alkyl alcohols.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000003
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000003
 式中、X、X及びXは炭素数1~4のアルキル基であり、X及びXは水素原子又は炭素数1~4のアルキル基であり、Xは炭素数1~4のアルキル基であり、Pは炭素数1~3のアルキル基であり、m、n、j、kは、それぞれ独立に1~3の整数であり、hは2~3の整数である。
 本発明で用いられる溶媒(D)は、式(T1)~式(T3)の化合物、炭素数3~6のケトン、及び炭素数5~12のアルキルアルコールからなる群から選ばれる1種以上の溶媒であるのが好ましい。
 本発明で用いられる溶媒(D)は、例えば、前記の式(T1)で表される化合物、前記の式(T3)で表される化合物、炭素数3~6のケトン、又は炭素数5~12のアルキルアルコールの単独溶媒であってもよい。また、式(T1)で表される化合物と式(T2)で表される化合物との混合溶媒であってもよく、さらには、式(T1)で表される化合物と炭素数5~12のアルキルアルコールとの混合溶媒であってもよい。
 また、前記式(T1)及び(T3)のX及びXが、水素原子であるのが好ましい。
In the formula, X 1 , X 3 and X 5 are alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, X 2 and X 6 are hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and X 4 is 1 to 4 carbon atoms. 4 is an alkyl group, P is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, m, n, j, and k are each independently an integer of 1 to 3, and h is an integer of 2 to 3.
The solvent (D) used in the present invention is at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds of formula (T1) to formula (T3), ketones having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and alkyl alcohols having 5 to 12 carbon atoms. A solvent is preferred.
The solvent (D) used in the present invention is, for example, a compound represented by the above formula (T1), a compound represented by the above formula (T3), a ketone having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, or 5 to 5 carbon atoms. It may be a single solvent of 12 alkyl alcohols. Further, it may be a mixed solvent of the compound represented by the formula (T1) and the compound represented by the formula (T2), and further, the compound represented by the formula (T1) and the compound having 5 to 12 carbon atoms. A mixed solvent with an alkyl alcohol may be used.
Further, the equation X 2 and X 6 in (T1) and (T3) is preferably a hydrogen atom.
 式(T1)で表わされる化合物の具体例として、1-メトキシ-2-プロパノール(プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル)、1-エトキシ-2-プロパノール(プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル)、1-プロポキシ-2-プロパノール(プロピレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル)、1-ブトキシ-2-プロパノール(プロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル)、1,2-ジメトキシプロパン(プロピレングリコールジメチルエーテル)、1,2-ジエトキシプロパン(プロピレングリコールジエチルエーテル)、1,2-ジプロポキシプロパン(プロピレングリコールジプロピルエーテル)、1,2-ジブトキシプロパン(プロピレングリコールジブチルエーテル)が好ましい。なかでも、1-メトキシ-2-プロパノール、1-エトキシ-2-プロパノール、1-プロポキシ-2-プロパノール、又は1-ブトキシ-2-プロパノールが好ましい Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (T1) include 1-methoxy-2-propanol (propylene glycol monomethyl ether), 1-ethoxy-2-propanol (propylene glycol monoethyl ether), 1-propoxy-2-propanol ( Propylene glycol monopropyl ether), 1-butoxy-2-propanol (propylene glycol monobutyl ether), 1,2-dimethoxypropane (propylene glycol dimethyl ether), 1,2-diethoxypropane (propylene glycol diethyl ether), 1,2 -Dipropoxypropane (propylene glycol dipropyl ether), 1,2-dibutoxypropane (propylene glycol dibutyl ether) are preferred. Of these, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, 1-ethoxy-2-propanol, 1-propoxy-2-propanol, or 1-butoxy-2-propanol is preferable.
 式(T2)で表わされる化合物の具体例として、エチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジプロピルエーテル、エチレングリコールジブチルエーテル等が挙げられる。なかでも、エチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、又はエチレングリコールジブチルエーテルが好ましい。
 式(T3)で表わされる化合物の具体例として、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジプロピルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジブチルエーテル等が挙げられる。なかでも、ジエチレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジプロピルエーテル、又はジエチレングリコールジブチルエーテルが好ましい。
 溶媒(D)の炭素数3~6のケトン類の具体例として、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン等が挙げられる。
 溶媒(D)の炭素数5~12のアルキルアルコール類の具体例として、ヘキサノール、ヘプタノール、オクタノール、ノナノール、デカノール、ウンデカノール、ドデカノール等が挙げられる。なかでも、ヘキサノール、ヘプタノール、オクタノール、ノナノール、又はデカノールが好ましい。
Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (T2) include ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, ethylene glycol dipropyl ether, and ethylene glycol dibutyl ether. Of these, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether or ethylene glycol dibutyl ether is preferable.
Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (T3) include diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dipropyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether and the like. . Of these, diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dipropyl ether, or diethylene glycol dibutyl ether are preferable.
Specific examples of the ketones having 3 to 6 carbon atoms in the solvent (D) include methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone.
Specific examples of the alkyl alcohol having 5 to 12 carbon atoms of the solvent (D) include hexanol, heptanol, octanol, nonanol, decanol, undecanol, dodecanol and the like. Of these, hexanol, heptanol, octanol, nonanol, and decanol are preferable.
 本発明で使用される溶媒(D)は、ポリシロキサン(A)を重縮合する際の重合溶媒や添加溶媒の全部又は一部として使用してもよく、他の溶媒で合成したポリシロキサン(A)に後から添加してもよい。
 溶媒(D)の含有量は、ポリシロキサン(A)が有するケイ素原子をSiOに換算した値の合計量の100質量部に対して、溶媒(D)が2~17,500質量部、好ましくは2~16,800質量部、より好ましくは2~16,000質量部である。2質量部より少ない場合は良好な塗布性が得られないことがある。
 これらの溶媒(D)は、塗布した際の液を広げる効果があり、特に面内均一性の優れた膜を得ることができる。
The solvent (D) used in the present invention may be used as all or a part of the polymerization solvent or additive solvent for polycondensation of the polysiloxane (A). ) May be added later.
The content of the solvent (D) is preferably 2 to 17,500 parts by mass of the solvent (D) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the silicon atoms of the polysiloxane (A) converted to SiO 2. Is 2 to 16,800 parts by mass, more preferably 2 to 16,000 parts by mass. When the amount is less than 2 parts by mass, good coatability may not be obtained.
These solvents (D) have an effect of spreading the liquid when applied, and a film having particularly excellent in-plane uniformity can be obtained.
<その他の溶媒>
 本発明において、本発明の効果を損なわない限りグリコール溶媒(B)、溶媒(C)及び溶媒(D)以外の溶媒を併用しても良い。その他の溶媒の具体例としては、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、ブタノール、ジアセトンアルコール等のアルコール類;アセトン、酢酸メチルエステル、酢酸エチルエステル、乳酸エチルエステル等のエステル類;N-メチル-2-ピロリドン、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、γ-ブチロラクトン、ジメチルスルホキシド、テトラメチル尿素、ヘキサメチルホスホトリアミド、m-クレゾール等が挙げられる。
<Other solvents>
In the present invention, a solvent other than the glycol solvent (B), the solvent (C) and the solvent (D) may be used in combination as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Specific examples of other solvents include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, and diacetone alcohol; esters such as acetone, acetic acid methyl ester, acetic acid ethyl ester, and lactate ethyl ester; N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, γ-butyrolactone, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetramethylurea, hexamethylphosphotriamide, m-cresol and the like.
<その他の成分>
 本発明においては、本発明の効果を損なわない限りにおいて、ポリシロキサン(A)、グリコール溶媒(B)、溶媒(C)及び溶媒(D)以外のその他の成分、例えば、無機微粒子、メタロキサンオリゴマー、メタロキサンポリマー、レベリング剤、界面活性剤等の成分が含まれていてもよい。
 無機微粒子としては、シリカ微粒子、アルミナ微粒子、チタニア微粒子、フッ化マグネシウム微粒子等の微粒子が好ましく、これらの無機微粒子のコロイド溶液が特に好ましい。このコロイド溶液は、無機微粒子粉を分散媒に分散したものでもよいし、市販品のコロイド溶液であってもよい。
<Other ingredients>
In the present invention, other components other than polysiloxane (A), glycol solvent (B), solvent (C), and solvent (D), for example, inorganic fine particles, metalloxane oligomers, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. , A metalloxane polymer, a leveling agent, a surfactant and the like may be contained.
As the inorganic fine particles, fine particles such as silica fine particles, alumina fine particles, titania fine particles, and magnesium fluoride fine particles are preferable, and a colloid solution of these inorganic fine particles is particularly preferable. This colloidal solution may be a dispersion of inorganic fine particle powder in a dispersion medium or a commercially available colloidal solution.
 本発明においては、無機微粒子を含有させることにより、形成される硬化被膜の表面形状やその他の機能を付与することが可能となる。無機微粒子としては、その平均粒子径が0.001~0.2μmであることが好ましく、更に好ましくは0.001~0.1μmである。無機微粒子の平均粒子径が0.2μmを超える場合には、調製される塗布液を用いて形成される硬化被膜の透明性が低下する場合がある。
 無機微粒子の分散媒としては、水及び有機溶剤を挙げることができる。コロイド溶液としては、被膜形成用塗布液の安定性の観点から、pH又はpKaが1~10に調整されていることが好ましい。より好ましくは2~7である。
In the present invention, the inclusion of inorganic fine particles makes it possible to impart the surface shape of the formed cured film and other functions. The inorganic fine particles preferably have an average particle size of 0.001 to 0.2 μm, more preferably 0.001 to 0.1 μm. When the average particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles exceeds 0.2 μm, the transparency of the cured film formed using the prepared coating liquid may be lowered.
Examples of the dispersion medium for the inorganic fine particles include water and organic solvents. As the colloidal solution, it is preferable that the pH or pKa is adjusted to 1 to 10 from the viewpoint of the stability of the coating solution for forming a film. More preferably, it is 2-7.
 コロイド溶液の分散媒に用いる有機溶剤としては、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、ブタノール、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ブタンジオール、ペンタンジオール、2-メチル-2,4-ペンタンジオール、ジエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、エチレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル等のアルコール類;メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン等のケトン類;トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素類;ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルアセトアミド、N-メチルピロリドン等のアミド類;酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、γ-ブチロラクトン等のエステル類;テトラヒドロフラン、1,4-ジオキサン等のエ-テル類を挙げることができる。これらの中で、アルコール類及びケトン類が好ましい。これら有機溶剤は、単独でまたは2種以上を混合して分散媒として使用することができる。 Organic solvents used for the dispersion medium of the colloidal solution include methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, pentanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, ethylene Alcohols such as glycol monopropyl ether; ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone; aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene; amides such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide and N-methylpyrrolidone; ethyl acetate and butyl acetate And esters such as γ-butyrolactone; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane. Of these, alcohols and ketones are preferred. These organic solvents can be used alone or in admixture of two or more as a dispersion medium.
 メタロキサンオリゴマー、あるいはメタロキサンポリマーとしては、ケイ素、チタン、ジルコニウム、アルミニウム、タンタル、アンチモン、ビスマス、錫、インジウム、亜鉛等の単独又は複合酸化物前駆体が用いられる。メタロキサンオリゴマー、あるいはメタロキサンポリマーとしては、市販品であっても、金属アルコキシド、硝酸塩、塩酸塩、カルボン酸塩等のモノマーから、加水分解等の常法により得られたものであってもよい。
 本発明において、メタロキサンオリゴマー、あるいはメタロキサンポリマーを含有することにより、硬化皮膜の屈折率を向上させたり、感光性を付与することが可能である。メタロキサンオリゴマー、あるいはメタロキサンポリマーを使用する際は、ポリシロキサン(A)を合成する際に同時に用いても、ポリシロキサン(A)に、後から添加してもよい。
 市販品のメタロキサンオリゴマー、あるいはメタロキサンポリマーの具体例としては、コルコート社製のメチルシリケート51、メチルシリケート53A、エチルシリケート40、エチルシリケート48、EMS-485、SS-101等のシロキサンオリゴマー又はシロキサンポリマー;関東化学社製のチタニウム-n-ブトキシドテトラマー等のチタノキサンオリゴマーが挙げられる。これらは単独または2種以上混合して使用してもよい。
As the metalloxane oligomer or metalloxane polymer, single or composite oxide precursors such as silicon, titanium, zirconium, aluminum, tantalum, antimony, bismuth, tin, indium, and zinc are used. The metalloxane oligomer or metalloxane polymer may be a commercially available product or may be obtained from monomers such as metal alkoxides, nitrates, hydrochlorides, and carboxylates by a conventional method such as hydrolysis. .
In the present invention, by containing a metalloxane oligomer or a metalloxane polymer, it is possible to improve the refractive index of the cured film or to impart photosensitivity. When using a metalloxane oligomer or a metalloxane polymer, it may be used simultaneously with the synthesis of the polysiloxane (A) or may be added to the polysiloxane (A) later.
Specific examples of commercially available metalloxane oligomers or metalloxane polymers include siloxane oligomers or siloxanes such as methyl silicate 51, methyl silicate 53A, ethyl silicate 40, ethyl silicate 48, EMS-485, and SS-101 manufactured by Colcoat. Examples of the polymer include titanoxane oligomers such as titanium-n-butoxide tetramer manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. You may use these individually or in mixture of 2 or more types.
 また、レベリング剤及び界面活性剤等は、公知のものを用いることができ、特に市販品は入手が容易なので好ましい。
 また、ポリシロキサン(A)に、上記したその他の成分を混合する方法は、ポリシロキサン(A)の溶液及びグリコール溶媒(B)と同時でも、それらの混合後であってもよく、特に限定されない。
Moreover, a leveling agent, surfactant, etc. can use a well-known thing, and since a commercial item is easy to acquire especially, it is preferable.
In addition, the method of mixing the above-mentioned other components with the polysiloxane (A) may be simultaneous with the solution of the polysiloxane (A) and the glycol solvent (B) or after mixing them, and is not particularly limited. .
<液晶配向剤の調製>
 本発明の液晶配向剤を調製する方法は特に限定されない。ポリシロキサン(A)及びグリコール溶媒(B)、溶媒(C)及び溶媒(D)やその他の成分が均一に混合した状態であればよい。
 通常、ポリシロキサン(A)は、溶媒中で重縮合されるので、溶液の状態で得られる。そのため、上記で述べたポリシロキサン(A)の重合溶液をそのまま用いる方法が簡便である。ポリシロキサン(A)の重合溶媒が、グリコール溶媒(B)もしくは溶媒(C)もしくは溶媒(D)である場合は、グリコール溶媒(B)もしくは溶媒(C)もしくは溶媒(D)を後で加えなくてもよい。また、ポリシロキサン(A)の溶液が、グリコール溶媒(B)もしくは溶媒(C)もしくは溶媒(D)を含まない場合は、液晶配向剤を調製する際に、グリコール溶媒(B)もしくは溶媒(C)もしくは溶媒(D)を加えて使用することができる。
 液晶配向剤を調製する際は、液晶配向剤中のSiO換算濃度は、0.5~15質量%が好ましく、1~6質量%がより好ましい。このようなSiO換算濃度の範囲であれば、一回の塗布で所望の膜厚を得易く、充分な溶液のポットライフが得られ易い。
 なお、その際、SiO2換算濃度の調整に用いる溶媒は、ポリシロキサン(A)の重合溶媒、添加溶媒及びグリコール溶媒(B)からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の溶媒を用いることができる。
<Preparation of liquid crystal aligning agent>
The method for preparing the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention is not particularly limited. The polysiloxane (A), the glycol solvent (B), the solvent (C), the solvent (D), and other components may be in a uniformly mixed state.
Usually, polysiloxane (A) is polycondensed in a solvent, and thus is obtained in a solution state. Therefore, the method of using the polymerization solution of polysiloxane (A) described above as it is is simple. When the polymerization solvent for polysiloxane (A) is glycol solvent (B), solvent (C) or solvent (D), glycol solvent (B), solvent (C) or solvent (D) is not added later May be. When the solution of the polysiloxane (A) does not contain the glycol solvent (B), the solvent (C) or the solvent (D), the glycol solvent (B) or the solvent (C) is used when preparing the liquid crystal aligning agent. ) Or solvent (D) can be added.
When preparing the liquid crystal aligning agent, the concentration in terms of SiO 2 in the liquid crystal aligning agent is preferably 0.5 to 15% by mass, and more preferably 1 to 6% by mass. Within such a SiO 2 equivalent concentration range, it is easy to obtain a desired film thickness by a single application, and it is easy to obtain a sufficient pot life of the solution.
At that time, the solvent used for adjusting the SiO2 equivalent concentration may be at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of a polymerization solvent for polysiloxane (A), an addition solvent, and a glycol solvent (B).
 本発明の液晶配向剤はインクジェット塗布により、膜の面内均一性及び、膜端部のエッジ直進性に優れた液晶配向膜を形成できる。 The liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention can form a liquid crystal aligning film excellent in in-plane uniformity of the film and edge straightness of the film end by inkjet coating.
<液晶配向膜及びその形成方法>
 液晶配向膜を形成するための液晶配向剤の塗布方法としては、スピンコート法、印刷法、インクジェット塗布法、スプレー法、ロールコート法などが挙げられるが、より生産性の向上が期待されるインクジェット塗布法が注目されている。
 インクジェット塗布法は、基板に微細な液滴を滴下し、液の濡れ広がりにより成膜する方法である。
 本発明の液晶配向剤は、良好な塗布性を有し、インクジェット塗布法を用いた場合、安定に塗布可能であり、該塗布法により液晶配向膜を得ることができる。また、塗布後に焼成を行うことで、硬化膜とすることができる。
 インクジェット塗布法を用いて、より均一に成膜するためには、インクジェットのノズルから安定に液を吐出する必要がある。安定に液を吐出する要因の一つに液の粘度の関与がある。液晶配向剤の好ましい液の粘度は、使用するインクジェット塗布装置によって異なるが、E型粘度計(例えば、東機産業社製 粘度計TV-20)にておよそ1.8~18mPa・s(測定温度25℃)の範囲が好ましい。より好ましくは3~15mPa・sである。
<Liquid crystal alignment film and method for forming the same>
Examples of the application method of the liquid crystal aligning agent for forming the liquid crystal alignment film include spin coating, printing, ink jet coating, spraying, roll coating, and the like. The coating method has attracted attention.
The ink jet coating method is a method in which fine droplets are dropped on a substrate and a film is formed by wetting and spreading of the liquid.
The liquid crystal aligning agent of this invention has favorable applicability | paintability, and when an inkjet coating method is used, it can apply | coat stably and a liquid crystal aligning film can be obtained by this coating method. Moreover, it can be set as a cured film by baking after application | coating.
In order to form a film more uniformly by using an ink jet coating method, it is necessary to stably discharge a liquid from an ink jet nozzle. One of the factors for stably discharging the liquid is the liquid viscosity. The preferred liquid viscosity of the liquid crystal aligning agent varies depending on the ink jet coating apparatus to be used. 25 ° C.) is preferred. More preferably, it is 3 to 15 mPa · s.
 また、滴下した液滴の広がりの要因の一つとして、液の表面張力も大きく影響する。液晶配向剤の液の表面張力は、使用する材料の種類によっても異なるが、懸滴法(例えば、協和界面科学社製 AUTO DISPENCER AD―3、測定温度25℃)にて、およそ20~40mN/mの範囲が好ましい。
 本発明の液晶配向剤は、粘度が1.8~18mPa・s(測定温度25℃)であり、かつ表面張力が20~40mN/m(測定温度25℃)であるのが特に好ましい。
 液晶配向剤を塗布した後の乾燥の工程は、必ずしも必要とされないが、塗布後から焼成までの時間が基板ごとに一定していない場合や、塗布後ただちに焼成されない場合には、乾燥工程を含める方が好ましい。この乾燥は、基板の搬送等により塗膜形状が変形しない程度に溶媒が除去されていればよく、その乾燥手段については特に限定されない。例えば、温度40~150℃、好ましくは60~100℃のホットプレート上で、0.5~30分、好ましくは1~5分乾燥させる方法が挙げられる。
In addition, the surface tension of the liquid greatly influences one of the causes of the spread of the dropped droplet. The surface tension of the liquid crystal aligning agent varies depending on the type of material used, but is approximately 20 to 40 mN / in the hanging drop method (for example, AUTO DISPENSER AD-3, manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd., measurement temperature 25 ° C.). A range of m is preferred.
The liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention preferably has a viscosity of 1.8 to 18 mPa · s (measurement temperature 25 ° C.) and a surface tension of 20 to 40 mN / m (measurement temperature 25 ° C.).
The drying process after applying the liquid crystal aligning agent is not necessarily required, but if the time from application to baking is not constant for each substrate, or if baking is not performed immediately after application, a drying process is included. Is preferred. The drying is not particularly limited as long as the solvent is removed to such an extent that the shape of the coating film is not deformed by transporting the substrate or the like. For example, a method of drying on a hot plate at a temperature of 40 to 150 ° C., preferably 60 to 100 ° C. for 0.5 to 30 minutes, preferably 1 to 5 minutes.
 上記の方法で液晶配向剤を塗布して形成される塗膜は、焼成して硬化膜とすることができる。その際、焼成温度は、100~350℃の任意の温度で行うことができるが、好ましくは140~300℃であり、より好ましくは150~230℃、更に好ましくは160~220℃である。
 液晶配向膜中のポリシロキサン(A)は、焼成工程において、重縮合が進行する。しかし、本発明においては、本発明の効果を損なわない限り、完全に重縮合させる必要はない。但し、液晶セル製造行程で必要とされる、シール剤硬化などの熱処理温度より、10℃以上高い温度で焼成することが好ましい。
 この硬化膜の厚みは必要に応じて選択することができる。硬化膜の厚みが5nm以上の場合、液晶表示素子の信頼性が得られやすいので好ましい。より好ましくは10nm以上である。また、300nm以下の場合は、液晶表示素子の消費電力が極端に大きくならないので好ましい。より好ましくは150nm以下である。
 このような硬化膜は、そのまま液晶配向膜として用いることもできるが、この硬化膜をラビングしたり、偏光や特定の波長の光等を照射したり、イオンビーム等の処理等を行って、液晶配向膜とすることも可能である。
 上記の方法で形成された本発明の液晶配向膜は、高い撥水性を示すので、良好な液晶垂直配向性を得ることができる。
The coating film formed by applying the liquid crystal aligning agent by the above method can be baked to obtain a cured film. In this case, the calcination temperature can be any temperature of 100 to 350 ° C., preferably 140 to 300 ° C., more preferably 150 to 230 ° C., and further preferably 160 to 220 ° C.
The polysiloxane (A) in the liquid crystal alignment film undergoes polycondensation in the firing step. However, in the present invention, it is not necessary to completely polycondense unless the effects of the present invention are impaired. However, firing is preferably performed at a temperature higher by 10 ° C. or more than the heat treatment temperature required for the liquid crystal cell production process, such as curing of the sealant.
The thickness of the cured film can be selected as necessary. When the thickness of the cured film is 5 nm or more, it is preferable because the reliability of the liquid crystal display element can be easily obtained. More preferably, it is 10 nm or more. Moreover, the case of 300 nm or less is preferable because the power consumption of the liquid crystal display element does not become extremely large. More preferably, it is 150 nm or less.
Such a cured film can be used as a liquid crystal alignment film as it is. However, the cured film is rubbed, irradiated with polarized light, light of a specific wavelength, etc. An alignment film can also be used.
Since the liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention formed by the above method exhibits high water repellency, good liquid crystal vertical alignment can be obtained.
<液晶表示素子>
 本発明の液晶表示素子は、上記した方法により、基板に液晶配向膜を形成した後、公知の方法で液晶セルを作製して得ることができる。
 液晶セル作製の一例を挙げると、液晶配向膜が形成された1対の基板を、スペーサーを挟んで、シール剤で固定し、液晶を注入して封止する方法が一般的である。その際、用いるスペーサーの大きさは1~30μmであるが、好ましくは2~10μmである。液晶を注入する方法は特に制限されず、作製した液晶セル内を減圧にした後、液晶を注入する真空法や、液晶を滴下した後に封止を行う滴下法などが例示できる。
 液晶表示素子に用いる基板としては、透明性の高い基板であれば特に限定されないが、通常は、基板上に液晶を駆動するための透明電極が形成された基板である。具体例としては、ガラス板;ポリカーボネート、ポリ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエーテルサルホン、ポリアリレート、ポリウレタン、ポリスルホン、ポリエーテル、ポリエーテルケトン、トリメチルペンテン、ポリオレフィン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、(メタ)アクリロニトリル、トリアセチルセルロース、ジアセチルセルロース、アセテートブチレートセルロースなどのプラスチック板などに透明電極が形成された基板を挙げることができる。
<Liquid crystal display element>
The liquid crystal display element of the present invention can be obtained by forming a liquid crystal alignment film on a substrate by the method described above and then manufacturing a liquid crystal cell by a known method.
As an example of manufacturing a liquid crystal cell, a method is generally employed in which a pair of substrates on which a liquid crystal alignment film is formed are fixed with a sealant with a spacer interposed therebetween, and liquid crystal is injected and sealed. In this case, the size of the spacer used is 1 to 30 μm, preferably 2 to 10 μm. The method for injecting the liquid crystal is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a vacuum method for injecting liquid crystal after reducing the pressure inside the manufactured liquid crystal cell, and a dropping method for sealing after dropping the liquid crystal.
The substrate used for the liquid crystal display element is not particularly limited as long as it is a highly transparent substrate, but is usually a substrate in which a transparent electrode for driving liquid crystal is formed on the substrate. Specific examples include glass plates; polycarbonate, poly (meth) acrylate, polyethersulfone, polyarylate, polyurethane, polysulfone, polyether, polyetherketone, trimethylpentene, polyolefin, polyethylene terephthalate, (meth) acrylonitrile, triacetyl. Examples thereof include a substrate in which a transparent electrode is formed on a plastic plate such as cellulose, diacetyl cellulose, and acetate butyrate cellulose.
 また、TFT型の液晶表示素子のような高機能素子においては、液晶駆動のための電極と基板の間にトランジスタの如き素子が形成されたものが用いられる。
 透過型の液晶表示素子の場合は、上記の如き基板を用いることが一般的であるが、反射型の液晶表示素子では、片側の基板のみにならばシリコンウエハー等の不透明な基板も用いることが可能である。その際、基板に形成された電極には、光を反射するアルミニウムの如き材料を用いることもできる。
In a high-performance element such as a TFT type liquid crystal display element, an element in which an element such as a transistor is formed between an electrode for driving liquid crystal and a substrate is used.
In the case of a transmissive liquid crystal display element, it is common to use a substrate as described above. However, in a reflective liquid crystal display element, if only one substrate is used, an opaque substrate such as a silicon wafer may be used. Is possible. At that time, a material such as aluminum that reflects light may be used for the electrode formed on the substrate.
 以下本発明の実施例によりさらに具体的に説明するが、これらに限定して解釈されるものではない
 本実施例で用いた化合物における略語は以下のとおりである。
TEOS:テトラエトキシシラン
C18:オクタデシルトリエトキシシラン
UPS:3-ウレイドプロピルトリエトキシシラン
HG:2-メチル-2,4-ペンタンジオール
BCS:2-ブトキシエタノール
PB:1-ブトキシ-2-プロパノール
1,3-BDO:1,3-ブタンジオール
NMP:N-メチル-2-ピロリドン
DEDE:ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル
EDM:エチレングリコールジメチルエーテル
MIBK:メチルイソブチルケトン
C8OH:1-オクタノール
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples. However, the present invention is not construed as being limited thereto. Abbreviations in the compounds used in the examples are as follows.
TEOS: tetraethoxysilane C18: octadecyltriethoxysilane UPS: 3-ureidopropyltriethoxysilane HG: 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol BCS: 2-butoxyethanol PB: 1-butoxy-2-propanol 1,3 -BDO: 1,3-butanediol NMP: N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone DDE: diethylene glycol diethyl ether EDM: ethylene glycol dimethyl ether MIBK: methyl isobutyl ketone C8OH: 1-octanol
<合成例1>
 温度計、還流管を備え付けた1リットル(L)四つ口反応フラスコにHG22.6g、BCS7.5g、TEOS39.6g及びC18を4.2g投入し、撹拌して、アルコキシシランモノマーの溶液を調製した。この溶液に、あらかじめHG11.3g、BCS3.8g、水10.8g及び触媒として蓚酸0.2gを混合した蓚酸溶液を、室温下で30分かけて滴下し、滴下終了後30分室温下で撹拌した。その後、還流下で1時間加熱後、放冷してSiO2換算固形分濃度が12質量%のポリシロキサン溶液(K1)を得た。
<Synthesis Example 1>
A 1 liter (L) four-necked reaction flask equipped with a thermometer and a reflux tube was charged with 22.6 g of HG, 7.5 g of BCS, 39.6 g of TEOS and 4.2 g of C18 and stirred to prepare a solution of an alkoxysilane monomer. did. To this solution, an oxalic acid solution prepared by previously mixing HG 11.3 g, BCS 3.8 g, water 10.8 g and oxalic acid 0.2 g as a catalyst was added dropwise over 30 minutes at room temperature, and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes after completion of the addition. did. Thereafter, the mixture was heated under reflux for 1 hour and then allowed to cool to obtain a polysiloxane solution (K1) having a solid content concentration of 12% by mass as SiO2.
<合成例2>
 温度計、還流管を備え付けた1L四つ口反応フラスコにHG30.2g、TEOS39.6g及びC18を4.2g投入し、撹拌して、アルコキシシランモノマーの溶液を調製した。この溶液に、あらかじめHG15.1g、水10.8g及び触媒として蓚酸0.2gを混合した蓚酸溶液を、室温下で30分かけて滴下し、滴下終了後30分室温下で撹拌した。その後、還流下で1時間加熱後、放冷してSiO2換算固形分濃度が12質量%のポリシロキサン溶液(K2)を得た。
<Synthesis Example 2>
A 1 L four-necked reaction flask equipped with a thermometer and a reflux tube was charged with 30.2 g of HG, 39.6 g of TEOS, and 4.2 g of C18 and stirred to prepare an alkoxysilane monomer solution. To this solution, an oxalic acid solution in which 15.1 g of HG, 10.8 g of water and 0.2 g of oxalic acid as a catalyst were mixed in advance was added dropwise over 30 minutes at room temperature, and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes after the completion of the addition. Then, after heating for 1 hour under reflux, the mixture was allowed to cool to obtain a polysiloxane solution (K2) having a solid content concentration of 12% by mass as SiO2.
<合成例3>
 温度計、還流管を備え付けた1L四つ口反応フラスコにBCS30.2g、TEOS39.6g及びC18を4.2g投入し、撹拌して、アルコキシシランモノマーの溶液を調製した。この溶液に、あらかじめBCS15.1g、水10.8g及び触媒として蓚酸0.2gを混合した蓚酸溶液を、室温下で30分かけて滴下し、滴下終了後30分室温下で撹拌した。その後、還流下で1時間加熱後、放冷してSiO2換算固形分濃度が12質量%のポリシロキサン溶液(K3)を得た。
<Synthesis Example 3>
A 1 L four-necked reaction flask equipped with a thermometer and a reflux tube was charged with 30.2 g of BCS, 39.6 g of TEOS, and 4.2 g of C18 and stirred to prepare an alkoxysilane monomer solution. To this solution, a oxalic acid solution in which 15.1 g of BCS, 10.8 g of water and 0.2 g of oxalic acid as a catalyst were mixed in advance was added dropwise over 30 minutes at room temperature, and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes after the completion of the addition. Thereafter, after heating for 1 hour under reflux, the mixture was allowed to cool to obtain a polysiloxane solution (K3) having a solid content concentration of 12% by mass as SiO2.
<合成例4>
 温度計、還流管を備え付けた1L四つ口反応フラスコにHG23.0g、BCS7.7g、TEOS40.4g及びC18を0.8g投入し、撹拌して、アルコキシシランモノマーの溶液を調製した。この溶液に、あらかじめHG11.5g、BCS3.8g、水10.8g及び触媒として蓚酸0.2gを混合した蓚酸溶液を、室温下で30分かけて滴下し、滴下終了後30分室温下で撹拌した。その後、還流下で30分加熱後、UPSの92質量%メタノール溶液1.15g、HG0.48g、BCS0.16gの混合溶液を投入して、さらに還流下で30分過熱後、放冷してSiO換算固形分濃度が12質量%のポリシロキサン溶液(K4)を得た。
<Synthesis Example 4>
A 1 L four-necked reaction flask equipped with a thermometer and a reflux tube was charged with 23.0 g of HG, 7.7 g of BCS, 40.4 g of TEOS, and 0.8 g of C18 and stirred to prepare an alkoxysilane monomer solution. To this solution, an oxalic acid solution in which 11.5 g of HG, 3.8 g of BCS, 10.8 g of water and 0.2 g of oxalic acid as a catalyst were mixed in advance was added dropwise over 30 minutes at room temperature, and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes after completion of the addition. did. Then, after heating for 30 minutes under reflux, a mixed solution of 92% by weight methanol solution of UPS (1.15 g, 0.48 g of HG, 0.16 g of BCS) was added, and after heating for 30 minutes under reflux, the mixture was allowed to cool and SiO 2 A polysiloxane solution (K4) having a 2 converted solid content concentration of 12% by mass was obtained.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000004
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000004
<実施例1~7、比較例3及び4>
 合成例1で得られたポリシロキサン溶液(K1)50gと各溶剤とを、表1に示す溶剤組成となるように混合し、SiO換算固形分濃度が3質量%の液晶配向剤(KL1~7、KM3~4)を得た。
<Examples 1 to 7, Comparative Examples 3 and 4>
A polysiloxane solution (K1) 50 g obtained in Synthesis Example 1 and the solvent were mixed so that the solvent composition shown in Table 1, SiO 2 in terms of solid content concentration of 3 mass% of the liquid crystal alignment agent (KL1 ~ 7, KM3-4) were obtained.
<実施例8>
 合成例4で得られたポリシロキサン溶液(K4)50gと各溶剤とを、表2に示す溶剤組成となるように混合し、SiO換算固形分濃度が3質量%の液晶配向剤(KL8)を得た。
<Example 8>
50 g of the polysiloxane solution (K4) obtained in Synthesis Example 4 and each solvent were mixed so as to have the solvent composition shown in Table 2, and a liquid crystal aligning agent (KL8) having a solid content concentration of 3% by mass as SiO 2 was mixed. Got.
<比較例1>
 合成例2で得られたポリシロキサン溶液(K2)50gとHG150gを混合して撹拌し、SiO2換算固形分濃度が3質量%の液晶配向剤(KM1)を得た。
<Comparative Example 1>
50 g of the polysiloxane solution (K2) obtained in Synthesis Example 2 and 150 g of HG were mixed and stirred to obtain a liquid crystal aligning agent (KM1) having a solid content concentration of 3% by mass as SiO2.
<比較例2>
 合成例3で得られたポリシロキサン溶液(K3)50gとBCS150gを混合して撹拌し、SiO2換算固形分濃度が3質量%の液晶配向剤(KM2)を得た。
<Comparative example 2>
50 g of the polysiloxane solution (K3) obtained in Synthesis Example 3 and 150 g of BCS were mixed and stirred to obtain a liquid crystal aligning agent (KM2) having a solid content concentration in terms of SiO2 of 3% by mass.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000005
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000005
 実施例1~8及び比較例1~4で得られた液晶配向剤の溶液粘度及び表面張力を表3に示した。なお、溶液粘度及び表面張力は以下の方法で測定した。
[溶液粘度]
 E型粘度計(東機産業社製 粘度計TV-20)を用い、温度25℃で測定した。
[表面張力]
 協和界面科学社製のAUTO DISPENCER AD―3を用いて測定した。
Table 3 shows the solution viscosity and surface tension of the liquid crystal aligning agents obtained in Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4. The solution viscosity and surface tension were measured by the following methods.
[Solution viscosity]
Using an E-type viscometer (Viscometer TV-20 manufactured by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd.), the temperature was measured at 25 ° C.
[surface tension]
It measured using AUTO DISPENCER AD-3 made from Kyowa Interface Science.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000006
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000006
[インクジェット塗布]
 インクジェット塗布は下記に示す装置、条件で行った。
 装置名:日立プラントテクノロジー社製、微細パターン塗布装置HIS-200-1H
 塗布基板:100×100mmITO基板
 塗布面積:30×40mm
 塗布条件:分解能25μm、ステージ速度50mm/sec、周波数1000Hz、パルス幅9.6μsec、液適量42pl、ピッチ幅70.5μm、ピッチ長125μm、印加電圧:14~19V(膜厚100nmになるように調整)、ノズルギャップ0.5mm、レベリング時間30sec、乾燥温度60℃、乾燥時間2min(ホットプレート)
[Inkjet coating]
Inkjet coating was performed with the following apparatus and conditions.
Device name: Hitachi Plant Technology, fine pattern coating device HIS-200-1H
Coating substrate: 100 × 100 mm ITO substrate Coating area: 30 × 40 mm
Coating conditions: resolution 25 μm, stage speed 50 mm / sec, frequency 1000 Hz, pulse width 9.6 μsec, appropriate amount 42 pl, pitch width 70.5 μm, pitch length 125 μm, applied voltage 14-14 V (adjusted to a film thickness of 100 nm) ), Nozzle gap 0.5 mm, leveling time 30 sec, drying temperature 60 ° C., drying time 2 min (hot plate)
[塗布性]
 得られた膜を目視及び顕微鏡で観察し、塗布性を確認した。
 成膜可否:欠陥なく膜にできたものを○、そうでないものを×とした。
 面内均一性:膜の面内が均一なものを○、ユズ肌ムラや線状ムラが発生したものを×とした。
 エッジ直進性:直進性が非常に良好なものを○、直進性に乏しいものを×とした。
[Applicability]
The obtained film was observed visually and with a microscope to confirm applicability.
Whether or not the film could be formed: A film without defects was marked with ◯, and a film with no film was marked with x.
In-plane uniformity: A film having a uniform in-plane surface was marked with ◯, and a film with irregular skin or line irregularities was marked with x.
Edge straightness: “Good” indicates that the straightness is very good, and “X” indicates that the straightness is poor.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000007
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000007
 表4より、比較例1及び比較例4では成膜が不能であり、また、実施例1~8は、比較例2、3と比較して、面内均一性及びエッジ直進性が良好であり、塗布性が向上することがわかった。 From Table 4, film formation is impossible in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 4, and Examples 1 to 8 have better in-plane uniformity and edge straightness than Comparative Examples 2 and 3. It was found that the coating property was improved.
[液晶セルの作製]
 液晶配向膜を形成した透明電極付ガラス基板を2枚ずつ用意し、片方の基板の液晶配向膜面に粒子径6μmのスペーサーを散布した後、基板の外縁部にスクリーン印刷法によりエポキシ系接着剤を塗布した後、液晶配向膜が向き合うように張り合わせて圧着後に硬化させて空のセルを作製した。この空のセルにメルク社製MLC-6608(商品名)を真空注入法により注入後、注入孔をUV硬化樹脂により封止して液晶セル(素子)を作製した。その際、実施例においては上記[インクジェット塗布]に記載した方法で塗膜を形成し、温度80℃のホットプレート上で5分間乾燥した後、温度200℃の熱風循環式クリーンオーブンで60分間焼成して得られた、膜厚80nmの液晶配向膜を用いた。また、比較例においては、インクジェット塗布に代えてスピンコート法を用いた以外は実施例と同様の方法で得られた、膜厚100nmの液晶配向膜を用いた。
[Production of liquid crystal cell]
Prepare two glass substrates with transparent electrodes on which a liquid crystal alignment film is formed, spray spacers with a particle diameter of 6 μm on the liquid crystal alignment film surface of one substrate, and then apply an epoxy adhesive to the outer edge of the substrate by screen printing. After coating, the liquid crystal alignment films were laminated so as to face each other and cured after pressure bonding to produce an empty cell. After MLC-6608 (trade name) manufactured by Merck was injected into this empty cell by a vacuum injection method, the injection hole was sealed with a UV curable resin to produce a liquid crystal cell (element). At that time, in the examples, a coating film is formed by the method described in the above [Inkjet coating], dried on a hot plate at a temperature of 80 ° C. for 5 minutes, and then baked in a hot-air circulating clean oven at a temperature of 200 ° C. for 60 minutes. A liquid crystal alignment film with a film thickness of 80 nm was used. Further, in the comparative example, a liquid crystal alignment film having a film thickness of 100 nm obtained by the same method as in the example except that the spin coating method was used instead of the ink jet coating was used.
[液晶配向性]
 前述の[液晶セルの作製]方法により作製した液晶セルを、偏光顕微鏡で観察し、液晶の配向状態を確認した。液晶セル全体で欠陥の無い均一な配向状態を示している場合には○、液晶セルの一部に配向欠陥が見られる場合及び垂直配向しない場合は×とした。その結果を表5に示す。
[Liquid crystal orientation]
The liquid crystal cell produced by the above-mentioned [Production of liquid crystal cell] method was observed with a polarizing microscope, and the alignment state of the liquid crystal was confirmed. In the case where the entire liquid crystal cell shows a uniform alignment state having no defects, the mark is “◯”. The results are shown in Table 5.
[接触角]
 液晶配向膜に、純粋3μLを滴下し、協和界面科学社製の自動接触角計CA-Z型を使用して、接触角を測定した。その結果を表5に示した。
 実施例においては上記[インクジェット塗布]に記載した方法で塗膜を形成し、温度80℃のホットプレート上で5分間乾燥した後、温度200℃の熱風循環式クリーンオーブンで60分間焼成して得られた、膜厚80nmの液晶配向膜を用いた。また、参考例においては、インクジェット塗布に代えてスピンコート法を用いた以外は実施例と同様の方法で得られた、膜厚100nmの液晶配向膜を用いた。
[Contact angle]
Pure 3 μL was dropped on the liquid crystal alignment film, and the contact angle was measured using an automatic contact angle meter CA-Z type manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd. The results are shown in Table 5.
In the examples, a coating film is formed by the method described in [Inkjet application] above, dried on a hot plate at a temperature of 80 ° C. for 5 minutes, and then baked in a hot air circulation clean oven at a temperature of 200 ° C. for 60 minutes. The obtained liquid crystal alignment film with a film thickness of 80 nm was used. In the reference example, a liquid crystal alignment film having a film thickness of 100 nm obtained by the same method as in the example except that the spin coating method was used instead of the ink jet coating was used.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000008
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000008
 表5より、インクジェット塗布法により得られた液晶配向膜であっても、他の塗布方法により得られた膜と同等の垂直配向性を示すことがわかった。 From Table 5, it was found that even a liquid crystal alignment film obtained by an ink jet coating method exhibits a vertical alignment equivalent to a film obtained by another coating method.
 本発明のインクジェット塗布用の液晶配向剤により得られた液晶配向膜は、膜の面内均一性及び、膜端部のエッジ直進性に優れているので、これを使用した液晶表示素子は、信頼性の高い液晶表示デバイスとして好適に用いられる。

 なお、2008年12月25日に出願された日本特許出願2008-329123号及び2009年1月7日に出願された日本特許出願2009-001359号の明細書、特許請求の範囲、及び要約書の全内容をここに引用し、本発明の明細書の開示として、取り入れるものである。
Since the liquid crystal alignment film obtained by the liquid crystal aligning agent for inkjet coating of the present invention is excellent in the in-plane uniformity of the film and the straightness of the edge of the film end, the liquid crystal display element using this is reliable. It is suitably used as a liquid crystal display device having high properties.

The specification, claims, and abstract of Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-329123 filed on Dec. 25, 2008 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-001359 filed on Jan. 7, 2009 are as follows. The entire contents are hereby incorporated by reference as the disclosure of the specification of the present invention.

Claims (14)

  1.  フッ素原子が置換された又は未置換の、炭素数が8~30の炭化水素基からなる側鎖を有するポリシロキサン(A)、炭素数2~7のグリコール溶媒(B)、下記の溶媒(C)及び溶媒(D)を含有することを特徴とするインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。
    溶媒(C):式(A1)で表される溶媒、
       KO(CHOH    (A1)
    (式中、K1は炭素数1~4のアルキル基であり、wは1~3の整数である。)
    溶媒(D):式(T1)、式(T2)及び式(T3)からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物、炭素原子を3~6個有するケトン及び炭素数5~12のアルキルアルコールからなる群から選ばれる溶媒。
    Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000001
    (式中、X、X及びXは炭素数1~4のアルキル基であり、X及びXは水素原子又は炭素数1~4のアルキル基であり、Xは炭素数1~4のアルキル基であり、Pは炭素数1~3のアルキル基であり、m、n、j、kは、それぞれ独立に1~3の整数であり、hは2~3の整数である。)
    Polysiloxane (A) having a side chain comprising a hydrocarbon group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted with a fluorine atom, glycol solvent (B) having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, the following solvent (C And a solvent (D). A liquid crystal aligning agent for ink-jet coating, comprising:
    Solvent (C): a solvent represented by the formula (A1),
    K 1 O (CH 2 ) w OH (A1)
    (Wherein K 1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and w is an integer of 1 to 3)
    Solvent (D): from at least one compound selected from the group consisting of formula (T1), formula (T2) and formula (T3), a ketone having 3 to 6 carbon atoms and an alkyl alcohol having 5 to 12 carbon atoms A solvent selected from the group consisting of:
    Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000001
    (Wherein X 1 , X 3 and X 5 are alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, X 2 and X 6 are hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and X 4 is 1 carbon atom) Is an alkyl group having ˜4, P is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, m, n, j, and k are each independently an integer of 1 to 3, and h is an integer of 2 to 3 .)
  2.  溶媒(D)が、式(T1)から式(T3)の化合物、炭素原子を3~6個有するケトン及び炭素数5~12のアルキルアルコールから選ばれる溶媒である請求項1に記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。 2. The ink jet coating according to claim 1, wherein the solvent (D) is a solvent selected from compounds of the formulas (T1) to (T3), ketones having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and alkyl alcohols having 5 to 12 carbon atoms. Liquid crystal aligning agent.
  3.  ポリシロキサン(A)が、式(1)で表されるアルコキシシランを含有するアルコキシシランを重縮合して得られるポリシロキサンである請求項1又は2に記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。
       RSi(OR     (1)
    (Rはフッ素原子が置換された又は未置換の炭素数8~30の炭化水素基であり、Rは炭素数1~5の炭化水素基を表す。)
    The liquid crystal aligning agent for inkjet coating according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polysiloxane (A) is a polysiloxane obtained by polycondensation of an alkoxysilane containing an alkoxysilane represented by the formula (1).
    R 1 Si (OR 2 ) 3 (1)
    (R 1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms in which a fluorine atom is substituted or unsubstituted, and R 2 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.)
  4.  ポリシロキサン(A)が、式(1)で表されるアルコキシシランと下記式(2)で表されるアルコキシシランとを含有するアルコキシシランを重縮合して得られるポリシロキサンである、請求項3に記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。
       (R)Si(OR)4-n  (2)
    (Rは水素原子、ハロゲン原子、ビニル基又は炭素数1~7の炭化水素基である。その際、前記炭化水素基の任意の水素原子はグリシドキシ基、メルカプト基、メタクリロキシ基、アクリロキシ基、イソシアナート基、アミノ基若しくはウレイド基で置換されていてもよく、かつヘテロ原子を有していてもよい。Rは炭素数1~5の炭化水素基であり、nは0~3の整数を表す。)
    The polysiloxane (A) is a polysiloxane obtained by polycondensation of an alkoxysilane containing an alkoxysilane represented by the formula (1) and an alkoxysilane represented by the following formula (2). The liquid crystal aligning agent for inkjet application | coating of description.
    (R 3 ) n Si (OR 4 ) 4-n (2)
    (R 3 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a vinyl group or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms. In this case, an arbitrary hydrogen atom of the hydrocarbon group is a glycidoxy group, a mercapto group, a methacryloxy group, an acryloxy group, It may be substituted with an isocyanate group, amino group or ureido group, and may have a hetero atom, R 4 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 0 to 3 Represents.)
  5.  ポリシロキサン(A)が、式(1)で表されるアルコキシシランと下記式(3)で表されるアルコキシシランとを含有するアルコキシシランを重縮合して得られるポリシロキサンである、請求項3又は4に記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。
       Si(OR)     (3)
    (Rは炭素数1~5の炭化水素基を表す。)
    The polysiloxane (A) is a polysiloxane obtained by polycondensation of an alkoxysilane containing an alkoxysilane represented by the formula (1) and an alkoxysilane represented by the following formula (3). Or the liquid crystal aligning agent for inkjet coating of 4.
    Si (OR 4 ) 4 (3)
    (R 4 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.)
  6.  グリコール溶媒(B)が、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、2-メチル-2,4-ペンタンジオール、1,2-プロパンジオール、1,3-プロパンジオール、1,2-ブタンジオール、1,3-ブタンジオール、2,3-ブタンジオール、1,4-ブタンジオール、1,2-ペンタンジオール、1,3-ペンタンジオール、1,4-ペンタンジオール、1,5-ペンタンジオール、2,3-ペンタンジオール、2,4-ペンタンジオール、1,2-ヘキサンジオール、1,3-ヘキサンジオール、1,4-ヘキサンジオール、1,5-ヘキサンジオール、1,6-ヘキサンジオール、2,3-ヘキサンジオール、2,4-ヘキサンジオール、2,5-ヘキサンジオール、3,4-ヘキサンジオール、1,2-ヘプタンジオール、2,3-ヘプタンジオール、3,4-ヘプタンジオール、1,3-ヘプタンジオール、2,4-ヘプタンジオール、3,5-ヘプタンジオール、1,4-ヘプタンジオール、2,5-ヘプタンジオール、1,5-ヘプタンジオール、2,6-ヘプタンジオール、1,6-ヘプタンジオール及び1,7-ヘプタンジオールからなる群から選ばれる1種以上の溶媒である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。 Glycol solvent (B) is ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1, 3-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,3-pentanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2,3 -Pentanediol, 2,4-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,3-hexanediol, 1,4-hexanediol, 1,5-hexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2,3- Hexanediol, 2,4-hexanediol, 2,5-hexanediol, 3,4-hexanediol 1,2-heptanediol, 2,3-heptanediol, 3,4-heptanediol, 1,3-heptanediol, 2,4-heptanediol, 3,5-heptanediol, 1,4-heptanediol, 2 2. One or more solvents selected from the group consisting of 1,5-heptanediol, 1,5-heptanediol, 2,6-heptanediol, 1,6-heptanediol, and 1,7-heptanediol. 6. A liquid crystal aligning agent for inkjet coating according to any one of.
  7.  前記式(T1)におけるXが水素原子である請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。 The liquid crystal aligning agent for ink jet coating according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein X 2 in the formula (T1) is a hydrogen atom.
  8.  ポリシロキサン(A)が有するケイ素原子をSiOに換算した値の合計量の100質量部に対して、グリコール溶媒(B)が20~18,000質量部、溶媒(C)が2~17,500質量部、溶媒(D)が2~17,500質量部である請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。 The glycol solvent (B) is 20 to 18,000 parts by mass, the solvent (C) is 2 to 17, 17 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of silicon atoms of the polysiloxane (A) converted to SiO 2 The liquid crystal aligning agent for ink jet coating according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein 500 parts by mass and the solvent (D) are 2 to 17,500 parts by mass.
  9.  ポリシロキサン(A)が有するケイ素原子をSiOに換算した値の合計量の100質量部に対して、グリコール溶媒(B)が120~17,000質量部、溶媒(C)が2~16,800質量部、溶媒(D)が2~16,800質量部である請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。 The glycol solvent (B) is 120 to 17,000 parts by mass and the solvent (C) is 2 to 16, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of silicon atoms of the polysiloxane (A) converted to SiO 2 . The liquid crystal aligning agent for ink jet coating according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein 800 parts by mass and the solvent (D) are 2 to 16,800 parts by mass.
  10.  前記配向剤の粘度が1.8~18mPa・sである請求項1~9のいずれかにインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。 10. The liquid crystal aligning agent for ink jet coating according to claim 1, wherein the aligning agent has a viscosity of 1.8 to 18 mPa · s.
  11.  前記配向剤の表面張力が20~40mN/mである請求項1~10のいずれかにインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤。 11. The liquid crystal aligning agent for ink jet coating according to claim 1, wherein the aligning agent has a surface tension of 20 to 40 mN / m.
  12.  請求項1~11のいずれかに記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤を、インクジェット装置を用いて基板に塗布し、焼成して得られる液晶配向膜。 A liquid crystal alignment film obtained by applying the liquid crystal aligning agent for ink jet coating according to any one of claims 1 to 11 to a substrate using an ink jet apparatus and baking it.
  13.  請求項1~11のいずれかに記載のインクジェット塗布用液晶配向剤を、インクジェット装置を用いて基板に塗布し焼成して得られる液晶配向膜の形成方法。 A method for forming a liquid crystal alignment film obtained by applying the liquid crystal aligning agent for ink jet coating according to any one of claims 1 to 11 to a substrate using an ink jet apparatus and baking the substrate.
  14.  請求項12に記載の液晶配向膜を有する液晶表示素子。 A liquid crystal display element having the liquid crystal alignment film according to claim 12.
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