WO2010067975A2 - Touch panel - Google Patents

Touch panel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010067975A2
WO2010067975A2 PCT/KR2009/007006 KR2009007006W WO2010067975A2 WO 2010067975 A2 WO2010067975 A2 WO 2010067975A2 KR 2009007006 W KR2009007006 W KR 2009007006W WO 2010067975 A2 WO2010067975 A2 WO 2010067975A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
touch
signal
signal line
substrate
gate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2009/007006
Other languages
French (fr)
Korean (ko)
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WO2010067975A3 (en
Inventor
이성호
Original Assignee
Lee Sung Ho
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Publication date
Application filed by Lee Sung Ho filed Critical Lee Sung Ho
Publication of WO2010067975A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010067975A2/en
Publication of WO2010067975A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010067975A3/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/045Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using resistive elements, e.g. a single continuous surface or two parallel surfaces put in contact
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0412Digitisers structurally integrated in a display
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0416Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
    • G06F3/04164Connections between sensors and controllers, e.g. routing lines between electrodes and connection pads
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a touch panel, and more particularly, to generate a touch signal by detecting a contact or non-contact of a body without bending a substrate, and to recognize a multi-touch point, and is provided as a single substrate and installed in a display device. It relates to a touch panel of a new structure possible.
  • the touch panel is attached to a display device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), a plasma display panel (PDP), an organic light emitting diode (OLED), an active matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED), and a finger or a pen. It is one of the input devices to generate a signal corresponding to the position when the object of contact. Touch panels are used in a wide range of fields, such as small portable terminals, industrial terminals, and digital information devices (DIDs).
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • PDP plasma display panel
  • OLED organic light emitting diode
  • AMOLED active matrix organic light emitting diode
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a resistive touch panel.
  • a first substrate 3 and a second substrate 5 are disposed to face each other on an upper surface of the display device 1, and an upper surface of the first substrate 3 and a lower surface of the second substrate 5.
  • a transparent conductor such as indium tin oxide (ITO) is coated to form the conductive layers 7 and 9.
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • a plurality of resistance points 11 are formed on the upper portion of the first substrate 3, and resistance points are formed on the lower portion of the second substrate 5, although not shown.
  • the resistive touch panel detects a touch by using the bending of the second substrate 5, deformation of the second substrate 5 is inevitable, and many problems are exposed.
  • a film is used as the second substrate 5
  • the glass is ground or etched to a thickness of 0.2 to 0.3 mm in order to give flexibility, which causes structural weakness and cracks when used for a long time. Etc., a problem of shortening the lifespan occurs.
  • the method of recognizing the touch by using the bending of the substrate 5 may not recognize the touch point when the bending of the second substrate 5 is low because the touch pressure is low, and sometimes the touch signal is lost. have.
  • Another problem of the resistance method is that two substrates 3 and 5 are used, and ITO or the like is applied over the entire area of each substrate 3 and 5.
  • ITO in this way and a multi-layer ITO is applied, the transmittance of the touch panel is lowered, which causes the display quality of the display device to be lowered.
  • spacers for separating the substrates 3 and 5 it is inevitable to install spacers for separating the substrates 3 and 5, which complicates the process and increases the process cost and lowers the yield.
  • the conventional touch panel has a problem in that it cannot recognize a multi-touch in which a plurality of points are simultaneously touched on the panel. For example, in the case of writing with the back of a hand on a blackboard in the copyboard, or when multi-touch occurs, such as writing in a multi-party on the copyboard at the same time, a problem occurs that the multi-touch is not recognized or the touch panel malfunctions. .
  • the conventional resistive touch panel requires an expensive AD converter 13 as a touch is sensed as an analog signal, time delay occurs in the signal processing, and zero adjustment is required for the resistance points.
  • the large display device 1 have various problems, such as being difficult to apply.
  • the present invention has been proposed to solve the problems of the conventional touch panel as described above, by forming a touch cell using a three-terminal switching element and a conductive pad by using a single substrate to sense the light contact or approach of the body touch It generates the signal and makes it possible to recognize the touch signal at the multi-touch point, ultimately preventing the shortening of the life due to the bending of the substrate and improving the transmittance of the touch panel to improve the display quality when combined with the display device,
  • the manufacturing process of the display device which has been proven in mass production and product reliability, can be used, thereby providing a touch panel that is very inexpensive to manufacture and easy to manufacture in mass production. Its purpose is.
  • the substrate of the present invention when the touch panel of the present invention is installed on the upper surface of the display device, in order to prevent the moiré phenomenon in which the wavy pattern appears due to the interference between the signal lines of the display device and the signal lines of the touch panel, the substrate Another purpose is to prevent the moiré phenomenon by installing a diffusion sheet in the lower portion of the.
  • the present invention has another object to prevent the loss of the signal by storing the detected touch signal in the memory means so that when the touch signal is missing because a large amount of signal processing, by calling the signal stored in the memory.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a touch panel having a new structure in which a gate terminal of a switching device is floated and a touch signal is obtained by using static electricity of a body.
  • the present invention is to provide a touch panel of a new structure for arranging a pair of conductive pads in the form of interdigital teeth and energizing a pair of conductive pads using the electrical conductor properties of the body to obtain a touch signal.
  • a touch panel of a new structure for arranging a pair of conductive pads in the form of interdigital teeth and energizing a pair of conductive pads using the electrical conductor properties of the body to obtain a touch signal.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a touch panel capable of contactless multi-touch using the body's capacitance.
  • the touch panel of the present invention for achieving the above object, in the touch panel for detecting the contact or approach of the touch means including the body to generate a coordinate signal corresponding to the position, the substrate 30 made of a light-transmissive material ; A plurality of first signal lines 32 and second signal lines 34 disposed on one surface of the substrate 30 for inputting and outputting position detection signals; A three-terminal switching element is formed in a region in which a plurality of active regions where a touch is made is divided on the substrate 30 and is provided between the first signal line 32 and the second signal line 34 in each divided region.
  • a touch cell 60 having a 40 and a conductive pad 50 connected to the gate terminal of the switching element 40; And applying a position detection signal to the first signal line 32, and when the touch means contacts or approaches the conductive pad 50, changes the state of the switching element 40 to the second signal line 34. And a touch position detector 70 for acquiring the position detection signal and acquiring the coordinate signal of the corresponding touch cell 60.
  • the diffusion sheet 90 is further provided below the substrate 30.
  • the touch position detection unit 70 further includes a memory means 74 having addresses corresponding to the coordinate values of the touch cell 60, wherein the position detection signal is received from the second signal line 34. When received, the coordinate values of the corresponding touch cell 60 are stored in the corresponding address of the memory means 74.
  • a plurality of gate signal lines 36 are further disposed on one surface of the substrate 30, and each touch cell 60 is connected between the conductive pad 50 and the gate signal line 36.
  • a capacitor 54 is further included, and the touch position detector 70 applies a gate signal to each of the gate signal lines 36.
  • a plurality of gate signal lines 36 and auxiliary signal lines 37 are further disposed on one surface of the substrate 30, and each touch cell 60 has an input terminal on the first signal line 32.
  • An input terminal is connected to a first switching device 42 connected to the conductive pad 50, a conductive pad 50 connected to a gate terminal of the first switching device 42, and an output terminal of the first switching device 42.
  • a capacitor connected between an output terminal of the first switching element 42 and an output terminal of the first switching element 42 and an auxiliary signal line 37;
  • the touch position detector 70 applies a gate signal to each of the gate signal lines 36.
  • a plurality of gate signal lines 36 are further disposed on one surface of the substrate 30, and the conductive pads 50 of each touch cell 60 are connected to the gate terminal of the switching element 40. And a second conductive pad 50b spaced apart from the first conductive pad 50a connected to the first conductive pad 50a and connected to the gate signal line 36.
  • the touch position detecting unit 70 includes: A gate signal is applied to each of the gate signal lines 36.
  • the first conductive pad 50a and the second conductive pad 50b are each formed in a concave-convex shape in which the concave portion 51 and the convex portion 53 are continuous, and each touch cell 60 is formed.
  • the first conductive pad 50a and the second conductive pad 50b are arranged such that the concave portion 51 and the convex portion 53 engage with each other.
  • a plurality of auxiliary signal lines 37 are further disposed on one surface of the substrate 30, and each touch cell 60 has a gate terminal connected to the first signal line 32 and an auxiliary signal line 37.
  • a switching device 40 connected to an input terminal and an output terminal of each of the second signal line 34 and a conductive pad 50 connected to a gate terminal of the switching device 40.
  • a plurality of gate signal lines 36 and auxiliary signal lines 37 are further disposed on one surface of the substrate 30, and each touch cell 60 has an input terminal on the first signal line 32.
  • a first switching element 42 connected to the gate signal line 36 and a gate terminal thereof, a conductive pad 50 connected to an output terminal of the first switching element 42, and a first switching element 42 of the first switching element 42.
  • the gate terminal is connected to the output terminal, and the auxiliary signal line 37 and the second signal line 34 are respectively composed of a second switching element 44 having an input terminal and an output terminal connected thereto, and the touch position detecting unit 70 includes the gate A gate signal is applied to each of the signal lines 36.
  • a capacitor 54 is connected between the output terminal of the first switching element 42 and the auxiliary signal line 37.
  • the auxiliary signal line 37 is provided with a first auxiliary signal line 37a and a second auxiliary signal line 37b separately, respectively, and an input terminal and the capacitor of the second switching element 44.
  • One end of 54 is connected to different auxiliary signal lines 37a and 37b.
  • a transparent insulating film for protecting the touch cell 60 is coated on one surface of the substrate 30.
  • the signal lines are wired on a single substrate and the active area where the touch is made is divided to form a touch cell composed of a 3-terminal switching element and a conductive pad connected to the signal lines in each partitioned area.
  • the touch pad is configured to acquire the coordinate signal of the touch cell according to the change of state of the switching element when the body or a touch device having similar conductivity is in contact with the conductive pad, thereby generating a touch signal without bending the substrate during touch input.
  • the pressure applied to the substrate is small, the signal is not dropped and the life can be expected longer than the touch panel using the bending of the substrate, and the transmittance is greatly improved by using a single substrate to improve the display quality of the display device.
  • the board can be manufactured more slim, and it is easy to assemble it into a display device. Also, it is possible to recognize multi-touch by allowing signals acquired from each touch cell to be independently recognized by using a 3-terminal switching element such as TFT. Also, by using the manufacturing process of TFT substrate verified by LCD or AMOLED, it is possible to secure very high mass productivity and product reliability, and additional process of converting signal by applying digital signal as position detection signal and processing it It is unnecessary and the response speed is very fast, and it can prevent malfunction due to noise or other external environmental factors, it can be used under sunlight, zero adjustment is unnecessary, and it is suitable for use in large display devices. .
  • the present invention by installing the diffusion sheet on the lower part of the substrate, when the touch panel of the present invention is installed on the upper surface of the display device, it is possible to prevent the moiré phenomenon in which the wavy pattern appears due to the interference of the signal lines. have.
  • the position detection signal when the position detection signal is temporarily stored in the memory means, and the amount of signal processing in the touch position detection unit is not recognized, the position detection signal received in real time may be called and processed by calling the signal stored in the memory means. Therefore, there is an effect that can prevent the loss of the signal.
  • the gate terminal of the switching device is floated and the switching device is turned on / off using static electricity of the body to obtain a touch signal.
  • the touch panel has a very simple structure. There is an effect that can be configured.
  • the touch point may be recognized at any position of the active area of the panel.
  • the conductive pad can be protected by a protective coating layer or the like or installed on the bottom surface of the substrate to conceal it. It prevents peeling and makes life expectancy longer.
  • the drive ICs used in the present invention do not drive a load, unlike a gate IC or a source IC of a display device such as an LCD or an AD converter used in a conventional touch panel, and thus only transmit and receive a signal, thereby driving the IC itself. It requires only minimal power consumption.
  • the receiving drive IC receives a signal with high impedance (Hi-impedance), so there is little current consumption.
  • a portable terminal such as a cellular phone is an important factor to improve portability, and it is required to minimize current consumption.
  • the touch panel of the present invention is applied to a portable terminal, the use of a battery can be extended more than other touch panels. Have
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional configuration view showing a conventional resistive touch panel
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of a touch panel according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a basic configuration of a touch panel according to the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the diffusion sheet is installed
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a system configuration of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram illustrating an example of recognizing a touch signal in the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram conceptually showing an embodiment of a memory means
  • FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram illustrating an embodiment of the method using the static electricity of the body
  • FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram illustrating another embodiment of the method using the static electricity of the body
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a scheme using the electrical conductor properties of the body
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view illustrating an arrangement example of a conductive pad in the embodiment of FIG. 9; FIG.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a method using the body's capacitance
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating another embodiment of the method using the body's capacitance
  • FIG. 15 is a plan view illustrating a configuration example of a unit touch cell in the embodiment of FIG. 14.
  • FIG. 16 is a waveform diagram illustrating an example of recognizing a touch signal in the embodiment of FIG. 14.
  • 17 is a block diagram illustrating another embodiment of the method using the body's capacitance
  • FIG. 18 is a block diagram illustrating another embodiment of a method using a body capacitance
  • the present invention relates to a touch panel that is installed in addition to the upper surface of a display device such as LCD, PDP, OLED, AMOLED or the like, or is used alone. Unlike the method of acquiring a touch signal when two substrates abut, a touch cell composed of a 3-terminal switching element such as a thin film transistor (TFT) and a conductive pad is formed on a single substrate to form a part of a body such as a finger.
  • TFT thin film transistor
  • the present invention relates to a touch panel in which a touch signal is obtained by sensing a state change of a TFT when lightly touches or approaches.
  • the touch panel according to the present invention basically divides a single substrate into a plurality of regions, and in each divided region, a unit touch cell is formed by providing a switching element and a conductive pad connected to the gate terminal of the switching element.
  • the source terminal (hereinafter referred to as “input terminal”) and the drain terminal (hereinafter referred to as “output terminal”) of the switching element are connected to signal lines or auxiliary signal lines, respectively, and a conductive pad is connected to the gate terminal.
  • the gate terminal is turned on / off in response to the gate signal from the gate signal line or by the electrostatic or capacitance characteristics of the body in a floating state. As such, when the state of the switching device changes according to the voltage applied to the gate terminal, the touch signal is obtained by receiving the position detection signal through the signal lines.
  • the touch panel of the present invention provides various embodiments. Based on the above basic structure, the present invention can be changed to various embodiments by adding switching elements, configuring a pair of conductive pads, or adding a capacitor in each touch cell. Embodiments described below change the state of the switching element by static electricity of the body, change the state of the switching element by contacting and energizing a pair of conductive pads spaced apart from each other, and The embodiment changes the state of the switching element by the capacitance characteristics of the body.
  • the position detection signal is transmitted and received using two signal lines, and each touch cell is provided with a switching element and a conductive pad to change the state of the switching element when the body contacts or approaches the conductive pad. Embodiments of obtaining a touch signal by means of the present invention will be included.
  • the touch panel of the present invention is installed separately from the display panel of the display device, like the display panel of LCD or AMOLED, the signal lines are wired on the substrate and TFT is attached to the unit touch cell (unit pixel in LCD, etc.). It can be manufactured by borrowing the manufacturing process of TFT substrate which has already been verified for product reliability and mass production, such as arrangement
  • the display panel and the touch panel of the display device are similar in appearance but actual functions and operations are different from each other.
  • the switching element may be described by being replaced by "TFT", and the same reference numerals are used for the switching element and the TFT.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of a touch panel according to the present invention, schematically showing the basic structure of the touch panel of the present invention.
  • the touch panel of the single substrate 30 is installed on the upper surface of the display device 20.
  • the substrate 30 is made of a light transmissive material such as glass or film.
  • a drive IC 71 for applying a position detection signal and a gate signal to signal lines to be described later is mounted on an edge portion of the substrate 30.
  • the drive IC 71 may be distributedly installed at the edge portion of the substrate 30 or may be integrally installed at one edge portion.
  • the drive IC 71 may be mounted in the form of a chip on film (COF) or a chip on glass (COG) at an edge portion of the substrate 30.
  • COF chip on film
  • COG chip on glass
  • FIG. 2 illustrates that the touch panel of the present invention is stacked on the display device 20, the touch panel of the present invention may be manufactured to be very slim because the touch panel of the present invention is composed of a single substrate 30. Even if the inside of the display device 20 is incorporated, the light and small size of the display device is not significantly impaired. This is one of the important technical advantages of the present invention.
  • a touch panel and a polarizing plate made of a single substrate 30 of the present invention are laminated on a liquid crystal panel on which a TFT substrate and a color filter substrate are bonded, and then these are installed in a housing of a BLU.
  • the panel may be embedded in the display device 20.
  • FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a basic configuration of a touch panel according to the present invention.
  • a plurality of first signal lines 32 and second signal lines 34 for inputting and outputting position detection signals are disposed on one surface of the substrate 30.
  • the first signal line 32 is a line for transmitting the position detection signal
  • the second signal line 34 is a line for receiving the position detection signal.
  • the first signal line 32 and the second signal line 34 are cross-wired. However, these are only shown to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and the first signal line 32 and the second signal line are illustrated.
  • 34 may be wired side by side, or may be wired in a diagonal form.
  • a three-terminal switching element 40 is provided between the first signal line 32 and the second signal line 34, and a conductive pad 50 is connected to the gate terminal of the three-terminal switching element to touch it.
  • Cell 60 is formed.
  • the three-terminal switching element 40 is preferably the TFT 40. As shown, the input terminal of the TFT 40 is connected to the first signal line 32 and the output terminal is connected to the second signal line 34. Therefore, the TFT 40 cuts off the connection between the first signal line 32 and the second signal line 34 when the OFF voltage is applied to the gate terminal, and becomes conductive when the ON voltage is applied to the gate terminal. The position detection signal transmitted along the first signal line 32 is received through the second signal line 34.
  • the conductive pad 50 is formed by coating a transparent conductor such as ITO on the upper surface of the substrate 30.
  • the conductive pad 50 may be installed to cover the entire area of the touch cell 60, but is preferably provided only in a local area of the touch cell 60.
  • an end portion of the finger that is in contact with the outer surface of the substrate 30 has a width of several mm.
  • the conductive pad 50 is a local part of the touch cell 60. It may be formed to cover only the area, but may be in contact with a part of the body. More preferably, the conductive pad 50 is formed to overlap one of the signal lines 32 and 34. As such, when the region of the conductive pad 50 is locally formed or overlapped on the signal lines 32 and 34, the transmittance of the touch panel may be greatly improved.
  • the touch cell 60 is formed by dividing an active area on which a touch is actually made on the panel.
  • the display device 20 such as an LCD
  • the unit pixels are arranged in a matrix like the unit pixels are arranged in a matrix.
  • the touch panel of the present invention is proportional to the size of the display device 20, and it is preferable that the touch cell 60 is designed with a resolution reduced to an integer ratio rather than the resolution of unit pixels of the display device 20 as much as possible. . This is because, in order for the touch panel of the present invention to acquire a touch signal stably, the size of the conductive pad 50 is preferably larger than the unit pixel of the display device 20.
  • the touch cell 60 may be configured with the same resolution or enlarged resolution as the unit pixel of the LCD.
  • the first signal line 32 and the second signal line 34 of the touch panel are changed to the gate line of the LCD. And it can be located on the same vertical line as the data line, which increases the transmittance of the touch panel to improve the display quality of the display device 20, and the wave pattern by the interference between the signal line of the display device 20 and the signal line of the touch panel To prevent moiré from appearing.
  • a diffusion sheet 90 may be further installed below the substrate 30.
  • the diffusion sheet 90 is positioned between the display device 20 and the touch panel, and the signal line wiring of the display device 20 and the signal line of the touch panel are disposed.
  • the moiré phenomenon can be prevented by the diffusion effect of the diffusion sheet 90 even if the wirings are not located vertically on the same line.
  • the touch cell 60 is shown at a resolution of 3 ⁇ 3. Although the touch cell 60 is actually arranged at a very high resolution, the touch cell 60 is shown in FIG. 3 with a resolution of 3 ⁇ 3. Embodiments to be described later will be described by illustrating that the touch cells 60 are arranged at a resolution of 3 ⁇ 3.
  • the touch position detector 70 is installed at one side or the outside of the touch panel. As shown, the touch position detection unit 70 is composed of a drive IC 71, a timing control unit 72, a signal processing unit 73, and a memory means 74. The touch signal acquired by the touch position detector 70 is transmitted to the CPU 75 to generate an input signal corresponding to the corresponding coordinate.
  • the drive IC 71 applies a position detection signal to the first signal line 32 and receives a position detection signal from the second signal line 34.
  • the drive IC 71 is mounted on one side edge of the substrate 30 in the form of COG or COF.
  • the drive IC 71 may apply the gate signal and the observation auxiliary signal to the gate signal line 36 and the auxiliary signal line 37 described in the following embodiments.
  • the drive IC 71 sequentially applies scan pulses to each of the first signal lines 32.
  • the timing controller 72 generates a time division signal of several tens of ms or less as an example, and the signal processor 73 drives a waveform as shown in FIG. 6 according to a clock provided from the timing controller 72. 71) to the side.
  • the drive IC 71 applies the time-divided position detection signals D1, D2, and D3 to each of the first signal lines 32.
  • the period of each pulse is "T".
  • the position detection signal is obtained from the second signal line 34 connected to the touch cell 60 at the timing when the position detection signal is applied to the first signal line 32.
  • the S3 position detection signal may be obtained through the rightmost second signal line 34 at the times t3 to t4.
  • the detected signal is transmitted to the signal processor 73, and the touch position detector 70 obtains a touch signal corresponding to the corresponding coordinate values "D3 and S3". That is, when the S3 signal is obtained when the D3 pulse signal is generated, this means that a touch is made at the "D3, S3" coordinates.
  • the touch position detector 70 includes a memory means 74 having a bit or more than the number of touch cells 60.
  • the memory means 74 has an absolute address corresponding to the coordinate value of the touch cell 60, as shown in FIG.
  • the memory means 74 has a capacity of at least 9 bits, and the position detection signal received by the touch position detection unit 70 is stored at the address "m9" as coordinate values "D3 and S3".
  • the signals thus stored may be called and used by the signal processor 73.
  • the touch position detector 70 may scan the entire position detection signal applied to the first signal line 32 once, and then read the memory means 74 to check whether there is a missing signal. If the resolution of the touch cell 60 is 1366x768, the memory means 74 needs a capacity of at least 1049088 bits or more, and secures a capacity of about 132k bytes.
  • the touch panel of the present invention basically installs the TFT 40, which is a three-terminal switching element, in each touch cell 60.
  • the TFT 40 has many advantages in that it is an element already verified in LCD or AMOLED.
  • the touch panel of the present invention can be manufactured using a process of manufacturing a TFT substrate in a manufacturing process such as an LCD almost as it is. This not only facilitates mass production, but also enables stable quality and low cost manufacturing.
  • only the manufacturing process of the TFT substrate of the LCD is used, and the manufacturing process using the color filter, the liquid crystal and related materials, and the bonding process of the TFT substrate and the color filter are not used.
  • the above-mentioned embodiments show the basic structure of the present invention.
  • the touch panel of the present invention has various embodiments based on the above basic structure. For example, a larger number of signal lines, such as the gate signal line 36 and the auxiliary signal line 37, may be disposed on the substrate 30.
  • each touch cell 60 may include a plurality of switching elements 42 and 44, a pair of conductive pads 50a and 50b, or a capacitor 54 added thereto. 8-18 show various embodiments of this invention. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 8 to 18.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 are diagrams showing embodiments in which the state of the TFT 40 is changed by using static electricity of the body.
  • the first signal line 32 is installed in parallel with the second signal line 34, but it may be arranged orthogonally or diagonally as described above.
  • the gate terminal impedance of the TFT 40 is quite high, ranging from several to several tens of mega ohms. Therefore, when the gate terminal is floated, the TFT is made by using static electricity generated in the body when a human finger 25 or the like contacts the gate terminal. 40 may be turned on / off.
  • This embodiment provides a touch panel that obtains a touch signal by changing the state of the TFT 40 using the static electricity of the body as described above.
  • each touch cell 60 includes a conductive pad 50 and a gate signal line 36. It is configured to further include a capacitor 54 connected between).
  • the touch position detector 70 sequentially applies scan pulses to the gate signal lines 36.
  • the position detection signal applied to the first signal line 32 does not need to be a time division signal, but merely needs to be kept in an ON state when a gate signal is applied. That is, when any one of the gate signals G1, G2, and G3 is turned ON, Dn is maintained in the ON state, and the Dn signal also has a pause in the resting period between G1, G2, and G3. Of course, Dn may be applied continuously.
  • the gate OFF voltage of the gate signal is a negative voltage
  • the gate ON voltage is a zero voltage or a positive voltage
  • a voltage applied to the gate is applied to the first signal line 32. It is set in relation to the voltage to be made.
  • the capacitor 54 stores the charge generated by the static electricity of the body. At this time, if the gate OFF voltage is applied to the gate terminal of the touch cell 60, even if the capacitor 54 is being charged or fully charged, the base voltage of the capacitor 54 is low so that the TFT 40 is not conductive. . If the gate ON signal is applied to the touch cell 60, the TFT 40 is turned on by being raised above the gate potential of the uncharged touch cell. Therefore, the touch signal may be obtained by sensing the signal received through the second signal line 34.
  • the gate ON voltage should be selected as zero voltage or positive voltage.
  • the voltage of the position detection signal Dn is also lower by 3 V or more than the voltage applied to the gate.
  • electricity generated by the body is known to be around 3V.
  • the TFT 40 is not conducting when a Dn voltage of 5V is provided. If the Dn voltage is 1V, stable conduction of the TFT 40 may be ensured even at a low charge voltage of 3V generated by the body.
  • each touch cell 60 includes a first signal line.
  • a second switching element 44 having a terminal connected thereto, an output terminal connected to the second signal line 34, and a gate terminal connected to the gate signal line 36; an output terminal and an auxiliary signal line 37 of the first switching element 42. Is composed of a capacitor 54 connected between them.
  • the touch position detector 70 sequentially applies scan pulses to the respective gate signal lines 36.
  • a signal synchronized with the gate signal Gn may be applied to the auxiliary signal line 37, or ground may be applied at all times.
  • the position detection signal Dn may always be applied with a pulse in the Hi state or may be applied in synchronization with Gn.
  • the gate OFF voltage is selected as -7V, and the ON voltage is selected as 15V.
  • the auxiliary signal applied through the auxiliary signal line is synchronized with the gate signal so that a high level signal is applied when the gate signal is Hi, and a low level signal is applied when the gate signal is Low.
  • the auxiliary signal preferably has a potential of 0V at the Hi level and -15V at the Low level.
  • these voltage levels are only hypothetical examples and may be variously selected according to the relative magnitude of the signal.
  • the first TFT 42 is turned on by the static electricity of the body applied to the conductive pad 50 of the touch cell 60, and the capacitor 54 is charged. do.
  • the gate signal is applied through the gate signal line 36
  • the Hi level voltage of the auxiliary signal is also applied to the other end of the capacitor 54 through the auxiliary signal line 37 in synchronization with this. Accordingly, the voltage charged in the capacitor 54 is conducted through the second switching element 44 so that the position detection signal can be obtained through the second signal line 34.
  • the touch position detector 70 reads the acquired position detection signal to obtain a touch signal.
  • the charge charged in the capacitor 54 must be discharged for reading of the next cycle.
  • 15V is applied to all the gate signal lines 36.
  • zero voltage may be applied to the second signal lines 34. This discharging operation of the capacitor 54 can be performed for a short waiting time for the reading of the next period.
  • Figures 8 and 9 is only one embodiment, those skilled in the art may be designed to have a different configuration of the circuit by adding a switching element and a capacitor, etc. by the technical idea of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment in which the state of the TFT 40 is changed by using the electric conductor characteristics of the body.
  • the human body is composed mostly of water and contains a lot of ions, so it can serve as a good conductor.
  • the two conductive pads can be energized. It is difficult to energize the two conductive pads when the resistance component of the body is large and the signal gap is large.
  • a plurality of gate signal lines 36 are further disposed on the substrate 30.
  • the conductive pad 50 is spaced apart from the first conductive pad 50a connected to the gate terminal of the TFT 40 and the first conductive pad 50a, and the gate signal line 36 is spaced apart from the first conductive pad 50a.
  • the second conductive pads 50b connected to are formed in pairs.
  • the touch position detector 70 sequentially applies scan pulses to the respective gate signal lines 36.
  • the position detection signal applied to the first signal line 32 is always a pulse in the Hi state or a signal capable of maintaining the ON state when any one of the gate signals Gn is ON.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates an example of arranging conductive pads in the embodiment of FIG. 10, and illustrates a shape in which each touch cell 60 is formed on the substrate 30.
  • the first signal line 32 is wired in the longitudinal direction of the substrate 30, and the second signal line 34 and the gate signal line 36 are wired in the horizontal direction.
  • Each of the first conductive pad 50a and the second conductive pad 50b is formed in a sawtooth shape in which the concave portion 51 and the convex portion 53 are continuous, and the concave portion 51 and the convex portion 53 are formed. It is arranged to engage in a state spaced apart by a predetermined gap.
  • the first conductive pads 50a and the second conductive pads 50b may be maintained at extremely minute intervals, and no matter where the body comes into contact with any area of the touch cell 60. Both conductive pads 50a and 50b may be energized. In addition, the two conductive pads 50a and 50b can be energized by a conductor such as an iron styling mechanism instead of the body.
  • the gate electrode 56 of the TFT 40 is connected to the first conductive pad 50a.
  • the source electrode 57 of the TFT 40 is connected to the first signal line 32, and the drain electrode 58 is connected to the second signal line 34.
  • Each signal line on the substrate 30 is made of an insulated gate metal and a source metal, and each electrode of the TFT 40 is also formed of an insulated gate metal and a multilayer structure made of a source metal and amorphous silicon.
  • the connection point 59 of the contact process using ITO is used to connect the conductive pad 50 and the TFT 40 to the signal lines.
  • the connection point 59 shown in FIG. 11 is one embodiment, and the number of connection points 59 may be added or subtracted according to the manufacturing process of the touch panel.
  • the touch position detector 70 may acquire the position detection signal through the second signal line 34 to obtain the touch signal. If the S3 signal is obtained when the G3 signal is applied in FIG. 10, the touch position detector 70 may acquire the coordinate values of "D3 and S3".
  • the touch of the body can be recognized in a non-contact manner. Providing such a touchless touch provides a very technical advantage. Since the above-mentioned embodiments recognize the light contact, the conductive pad 50 should be formed to be exposed to the outside of the substrate 30. In this case, in order to prevent the conductive pad 50 from being scratched, the surface of the conductive pad 50 should be coated with TNO, which is a transparent conductor, and thus may cause an increase in process cost.
  • the touch cell 60 including the conductive pad 50 may be coated with a transparent insulating film such as a film, a plastic or an organic insulating film, and a transparent adhesive.
  • the coating layer may not be formed on the upper surface of the touch cell 60. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an increase in the process cost for the protection of the conductive pad 50, and to position the conductive pad 50 more safely, thereby improving durability and expecting longer life.
  • each touch cell 60 includes a TFT 40 having a gate terminal connected to the first signal line 32 and an input terminal and an output terminal connected to each of the auxiliary signal line 37 and the second signal line 34. And a conductive pad 50 connected to the gate terminal of the TFT 40.
  • the touch position detection unit 70 sequentially applies scan pulses to the auxiliary signal lines 37 to confirm the touch position by the conduction of the TFT 40.
  • a signal applied to the first signal line 32 should serve to make the TFT 40 high impedance.
  • the first signal line 32 should be maintained in a high impedance state.
  • embodiments after FIG. 14 provide a method of detecting a touch position using two switching elements 42 and 44. 14 and 2, since two switching elements 42 and 44 are installed in each touch cell 60, the output from the drive IC 71 and applied to the first signal line 32 is not a high impedance. At least the first TFT 42 may maintain a high impedance signal at the conductive pad 50. Accordingly, although the transmittance may be lowered as compared with the embodiment of FIG. 13, the signal may be more easily processed and a stable touch position detection method may be provided.
  • each touch cell 60 includes a first TFT 42 having an input terminal connected to the first signal line 32 and a gate terminal connected to the gate signal line 36, and an output terminal of the first TFT 42.
  • a second TFT 44 connected to the conductive pad 50 connected to the first terminal 42, a gate terminal connected to an output terminal of the first TFT 42, an input terminal connected to the auxiliary signal line 37, and an output terminal connected to the second signal line 34.
  • the touch position detector 70 sequentially applies the first pulses 42 by applying scan pulses to the respective gate signal lines 36.
  • the gate signal Gn may be simultaneously turned on to induce charge with the body, and then the auxiliary signal line 37 may be sequentially energized to confirm the touch position.
  • FIG. 15 is a plan view illustrating a configuration example of the unit touch cell 60 in the embodiment of FIG. 14.
  • the first signal line 32 and the second signal line 34 are wired in the longitudinal direction of the substrate 30, and the gate signal line 36 and the auxiliary signal line 37 are wired in the horizontal direction.
  • the conductive pad 50 is formed to secure a sufficient area in the touch cell 60, and the conductive pad 50 is extended to zero overlapping the signal lines 32 and 34 or partitioned into the signal lines 32 and 34. Can be formed.
  • the gate electrode 56 of the first TFT 42 is connected to the gate signal line 36, the source electrode 57 is connected to the first signal line 32, and the drain electrode 58 is connected to the conductive pad 50. do.
  • the gate electrode 56 is connected to the drain electrode 58 of the first TFT 42, the source electrode 57 is connected to the auxiliary signal line 37, and the drain electrode 58 is connected to the second signal line. It is connected to 34.
  • Each signal line on the substrate 30 is formed of a source metal or a gate metal for each layer, and terminals of each of the TFTs 42 and 44 are formed in a multi-layer structure in which gate metal, source metal, amorphous silicon, and the like are insulated by an insulating layer. .
  • the connection point 59 of the contact process using ITO is used to connect the conductive pad 50 and the TFT 40 to the signal lines.
  • a layer for blocking light may be provided on the top surface of each TFT 42. 44. This is to prevent the respective TFTs 42 and 44 from malfunctioning in response to external light.
  • the gate signal Gn provided by the touch position detector 70 has a voltage level large enough to allow the gate of the first TFT 42 to enter the active region.
  • the gate signal Gn is preferably set to be 3V or more larger than the position detection signal Dn transmitted through the first signal line 32.
  • the Hi voltage level of Dn is 13V and the Hi voltage level of Gn is 18V.
  • the gate OFF voltage is set to -5 to -7V.
  • the gate signal Gn has sufficient observation time between each signal. This is to allow the virtual capacitor formed by the finger 25 and the conductive pad 50 of the body to have sufficient charging time by the approach of the body. As shown, a sufficient period of observation time 1 is given between G1 and G2.
  • the position detection signal Dn applied through the first signal line 32 is provided to necessarily maintain Hi when any one of Gn is Hi, and preferably also has a slight rest when Gn has a rest period.
  • the touch position detector 70 provides the observation voltage through the auxiliary signal line 37.
  • the signal Auxn applied through the auxiliary signal line 37 must be a Hi level when Gn is a Hi level section, and may be always provided at a Hi level.
  • the auxiliary signal Auxn provides an observation voltage lower than 3V compared to 13V, which is a voltage charged between the finger 25 and the conductive pad 50 by Dn at the Hi level. For example, the observed voltage of Auxn is about 5V.
  • a waveform obtained through the second signal line 34 and a process of obtaining a touch signal through the same will be described with reference to FIG. 16 as follows.
  • the signal Sn obtained through the second signal line 34 is as shown. Has a waveform. This is because the capacitance is not formed in the conductive pad 50 because the body is not accessible. More specifically, when the gate signal G1 is applied, the first TFT 42 is turned on, and the voltage level applied to the gate terminal of the second TFT 44 is input to the input terminal of the second TFT 44 through the auxiliary signal line 37. The second TFT 44 is also conductive since it is larger than the voltage level applied to the second TFT 44.
  • the signal Sn obtained as shown in the figure has a curve in the section rising to the Hi level and the section falling to the Low level.
  • the gate voltage of the second TFT 44 drops sharply until the acquired signal Sn falls completely to a low level. Let time be "T1". However, the time delay generated in the output signal Sn compared to the input signal Dn is ignored in the waveform diagram.
  • a capacitance may be formed between the fingers 25 of the body of the conductive pad 50 in the touch cell 60.
  • a capacitance may be formed between the fingers 25 of the body of the conductive pad 50 in the touch cell 60.
  • a virtual capacitor is formed at the time when the finger 25 is near.
  • S3 in the waveform diagram of FIG. 16 distorts the waveform at the time of touch generation, there may be a change in the charging voltage at the initial stage of charging. However, as soon as charging is complete, S3 rises to the Hi level.
  • the touch position detector 70 may acquire a touch signal by reading a time taken for the waveform of the signal Sn received through the second signal line 34 to fall after the turning off of Gn or a falling voltage at a certain point in time. have.
  • the obtained touch signal is a coordinate value corresponding to "D3, S3".
  • the embodiment of FIG. 16 is an embodiment for acquiring a touch, and it is also possible to acquire a popping point in another method.
  • various methods of acquiring a touch signal may be used according to the technical idea of the present invention.
  • the touch signal is acquired by the capacitance generated by the approach of the body as described above.
  • the human finger 25 touches the conductive pad 50.
  • a capacitance of several pF may occur and a touch signal may be obtained using the capacitance.
  • the actual capacitor 54 is additionally connected to the conductive pad 50, the change in capacitance due to the contact of the body, more specifically, the virtual formed by the actual capacitor 54 and the body The capacitor will be charged sharing, which will lower the gate side potential of the second TFT 44 or make the charging time longer. Therefore, the detection of this will be able to obtain a touch signal more stably with respect to the contact of the body.
  • FIG. 17 and 18 illustrate embodiments in which a more stable touch signal can be obtained when a body is in contact as described above.
  • the generation of the touch signal due to the non-contact of the body can also be stably ensured.
  • a capacitor 54 is further connected between the output terminal of the first TFT 42 and the auxiliary signal line 37. Also in the present embodiment, the touch position detector 70 may sequentially apply scan pulses to the gate signal lines 36 or may apply the same gate signal to all the gate signal lines 36.
  • the gate signal Gn and the auxiliary signal Auxn for observation do not necessarily need to be interlocked and may be applied independently. However, if too much time elapses after the capacitor 54 is charged by Gn, free discharge may occur in the capacitor 54, and thus the auxiliary signal Auxn is charged by the capacitor 54 by Gn. It is then preferred to apply immediately.
  • the ON voltage of Gn is 15V.
  • Dn is also applied to charge the capacitor 54 connected to the gate terminal of the second TFT 44. Since the Hi level potential of Dn is a voltage for turning on the second TFT 44, about 10 V is appropriate in consideration of the relationship with Gn. Dn is provided for a time sufficient to charge the capacitor 54.
  • the second TFT 44 Since the voltage of the gate of the second TFT 44 is greater than or equal to 3V than the voltage of the input terminal Auxn, the second TFT 44 is always turned on. If the body makes contact with the lower right touch cell 60 at the time when the auxiliary signal Auxn is applied for observation, the charge stored in the capacitor 54 is released and moves to the virtual capacitor formed by the body. Continue until the potentials of the two capacitors are equal. If the charge capacity of the capacitor 54 is sufficiently smaller than the imaginary capacitor formed by the body, such charge sharing occurs and the voltage applied to the gate of the second TFT 44 has a magnitude relationship with the auxiliary voltage Auxn. A point of time at which the 44 is not turned on or the magnitude of the output signal Sn decreases occurs, and the touch signal is obtained by reading this.
  • the touch signal obtained in this example is also a coordinate value corresponding to "D3, S3".
  • the auxiliary signal line 37 is divided into a first auxiliary signal line 37a and a second auxiliary signal line 37b.
  • One end of the capacitor 54 is connected to the first auxiliary signal line 37a, and the input terminal of the second TFT 44 is connected to the second auxiliary signal line 37b.
  • This embodiment differs only in that it separates an auxiliary signal for observation and an auxiliary signal for condition monitoring, and the rest is the same as the embodiment of FIG. 17.
  • An auxiliary signal Aux1-n is applied to the first auxiliary signal line 37a for observation, and an auxiliary signal Aux2-n is applied to the second auxiliary signal line 37b for monitoring.
  • the ON voltage of Gn is 18V.
  • the high level potential of Dn is about 12V as a voltage for turning on the second TFT 44.
  • the auxiliary signal Aux1-n for observation may have a potential of ⁇ 18V at a low level and 0V at a Hi level as an embodiment. For example, when the auxiliary signal Aux1-n is at a low level and the capacitor 54 is charged, the gate-side potential of the second TFT 44 is lowered to -6V, so that the second auxiliary signal line 37b having a larger potential than that is provided. 2TFT 44 is not conductive.
  • the Hi level potential of Dn is 12V at the Hi level of Aux1-n (that is, zero volts), stable conduction of the second TFT 44 is ensured for the auxiliary signal Aux2-n smaller than about 3V.
  • the auxiliary signal Aux2-n is preferably synchronized with the signal of Aux1-n, and the potential at the Hi level and the potential at the Low level of Aux2-n are also preferably matched with Aux1-n.
  • 17 and 18 may vary the capacitance of the capacitor 54 to adjust the voltage applied to the gate side of the second TFT 44 after charge sharing, which is a Sn signal when a touch is made. It is an element that determines the slope of the waveform falling. That is, by adding the capacitor 54, the width of the voltage level selection of each signal can be widened, and the falling slope of the Sn signal can be made more gentle to obtain a touch signal stably.
  • FIGS. 12 to 18 show a touch position detection method using the capacitance of the body, and the embodiments do not need to expose the conductive pad 50 constituting the touch cell 60.
  • a transparent insulating film may be coated on one surface of the substrate 30 to protect elements constituting the touch cell 60.
  • Such a transparent insulating film is easy to manufacture compared to the process of coating a conductor, and provides an advantage of improving the durability of the panel.
  • the body may be closer to the conductive pad 50 by the transparent insulating film, which generates an advantage of increasing the virtual capacitance value by reducing the distance item of the denominator when the virtual capacitance is formed by the approach of the body. Let's do it.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a touch panel which senses contact or the approach of a touch means including human fingers, and which generates a coordinate signal corresponding to the relevant point of touch. The touch panel comprises: substrate (30) made of light-transmitting materials; plurality of first signal lines (32) and second signal lines (34) arranged on one surface of substrate (30) to input and output point detection signals; touch cell (60) arranged in each of the sections formed by dividing an active region on substrate (30), in which a touch occurs, and which includes three-terminal switching element (40) interposed between first signal line (32) and second signal line (34) in each of the sections, and conductive pad (50) connected to the gate terminal of switching element (40); and touch point detection unit (70) which applies point detection signals to first signal lines (32), and receives the point detection signals at second signal lines (34) in accordance with the change in the state of switching element (40) when a touch means is brought into contact with or approaches conductive pad (50) to acquire coordinate signals of the relevant touch cell (60). The touch panel of the present invention senses light contact or the approach of a touch means without causing a curvature of substrate (30) to generate touch signals, and enables the recognition of multiple touch points. The touch panel of the present invention has a single substrate to prevent degradation of transmittivity. The touch panel of the present invention is lightweight, thin, and small, and can thus be installed within a display device.

Description

터치 패널Touch panel
본 발명은 터치 패널에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 기판의 굴곡 없이 신체의 접촉 또는 비접촉을 감지하여 터치 신호를 발생시키고, 멀티 터치 지점에 대한 인식이 가능하며, 단일 기판으로 제공되어 표시장치 내에 설치 가능한 새로운 구조의 터치 패널에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a touch panel, and more particularly, to generate a touch signal by detecting a contact or non-contact of a body without bending a substrate, and to recognize a multi-touch point, and is provided as a single substrate and installed in a display device. It relates to a touch panel of a new structure possible.
일반적으로, 터치 패널은 LCD(Liquid Crystal Display), PDP(Plasma Display Panel), OLED(Organic Light Emitting Diode), AMOLED(Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode) 등의 표시장치 위에 부착되는 것으로서, 손가락이나 펜 등의 물체가 접촉될 때 해당 위치에 대응하는 신호를 발생시키는 입력장치의의 하나이다. 터치 패널은 소형 휴대단말기, 산업용 단말기, DID(Digital Information Device) 등 매우 폭넓은 분야에서 이용되고 있다.In general, the touch panel is attached to a display device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), a plasma display panel (PDP), an organic light emitting diode (OLED), an active matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED), and a finger or a pen. It is one of the input devices to generate a signal corresponding to the position when the object of contact. Touch panels are used in a wide range of fields, such as small portable terminals, industrial terminals, and digital information devices (DIDs).
종래 터치 패널은 다양한 유형이 개시되어 있으나, 제조공정이 간단하고 제조코스트가 저렴한 저항방식의 터치 패널이 가장 널리 이용되고 있다.Conventional touch panels have been disclosed in various types, but a resistive touch panel having a simple manufacturing process and a low manufacturing cost is most widely used.
도 1은 저항방식 터치 패널의 일예를 보여준다. 도 1을 참조하면, 표시장치(1)의 상면에 제1기판(3)과 제2기판(5)이 상호 대향 배치되며, 제1기판(3)의 상면과 제2기판(5)의 하면에는 각각 ITO(Indium Tin Oxide)와 같은 투명 도전체가 도포되어 도전층(7, 9)을 형성한다. 제1기판(3)의 상부에는 복수의 저항점(11)들이 형성되며, 도시하지 않았지만 제2기판(5)의 하부에도 이에 대응하여 저항점들이 형성된다. 1 shows an example of a resistive touch panel. Referring to FIG. 1, a first substrate 3 and a second substrate 5 are disposed to face each other on an upper surface of the display device 1, and an upper surface of the first substrate 3 and a lower surface of the second substrate 5. In each case, a transparent conductor such as indium tin oxide (ITO) is coated to form the conductive layers 7 and 9. A plurality of resistance points 11 are formed on the upper portion of the first substrate 3, and resistance points are formed on the lower portion of the second substrate 5, although not shown.
도시된 바와 같이, 펜(17) 등의 물체가 제2기판(5)에 접촉되면, 제2기판(5)에 굴곡이 발생하면서 제2기판(5) 하면의 도전층(9)이 제1기판(3)의 상면의 도전층(7)에 접촉된다. 이때 도전층(7, 9)에 인가되는 전압은 해당 저항점(11)에서 얻어지는 저항값에 의해 전압강하되며, 저항값의 변화로 인해 검출된 전압이 AD컨버터(13)를 통해 디지털 신호로 변환되고, 변환된 신호가 CPU(15)에 전달되어 터치가 이루어진 지점의 좌표값을 획득한다. 이와 같은 저항방식의 터치 패널은 제조공정이 간단하며, 코스트가 저렴하여 가장 널리 사용되는 터치 패널이다.As illustrated, when an object such as a pen 17 contacts the second substrate 5, bending occurs on the second substrate 5 while the conductive layer 9 on the bottom surface of the second substrate 5 becomes the first substrate. It is in contact with the conductive layer 7 on the upper surface of the substrate 3. At this time, the voltage applied to the conductive layers 7 and 9 drops due to the resistance value obtained at the corresponding resistance point 11, and the voltage detected by the change in the resistance value is converted into a digital signal through the AD converter 13. The converted signal is transmitted to the CPU 15 to obtain the coordinate value of the point where the touch is made. Such a resistive touch panel is the most widely used touch panel because of its simple manufacturing process and low cost.
그러나, 이러한 저항방식의 터치 패널은 제2기판(5)의 굴곡을 이용하여 터치를 검출하기 때문에 제2기판(5)의 변형이 불가피하고, 그에 따르는 많은 문제점들에 노출되어 있다. 예컨대, 제2기판(5)으로 필름이 사용되는 경우, 필름의 표면에 스크래치가 발생하는 등으로 표시품질을 저하시키는 문제점이 발생된다. 다른 예로서, 제2기판(5)으로 글래스가 사용되는 경우, 굴곡성을 부여하기 위하여 글래스를 0.2~0.3mm의 두께로 갈아주거나 에칭하게 되는데, 이로 인해 구조적으로 취약해지며 장시간 사용시 크랙이 발생하는 등 수명이 단축되는 문제점이 발생된다.However, since the resistive touch panel detects a touch by using the bending of the second substrate 5, deformation of the second substrate 5 is inevitable, and many problems are exposed. For example, when a film is used as the second substrate 5, there is a problem that the display quality is lowered due to scratches on the surface of the film. As another example, when glass is used as the second substrate 5, the glass is ground or etched to a thickness of 0.2 to 0.3 mm in order to give flexibility, which causes structural weakness and cracks when used for a long time. Etc., a problem of shortening the lifespan occurs.
또한, 기판(5)의 굴곡을 이용하여 터치를 인식하는 방법은 터치 압력이 낮아 제2기판(5)의 굴곡이 약한 경우 터치 지점에 대한 인식이 불가능하며, 때때로 터치 신호를 손실하는 문제점을 갖고 있다.In addition, the method of recognizing the touch by using the bending of the substrate 5 may not recognize the touch point when the bending of the second substrate 5 is low because the touch pressure is low, and sometimes the touch signal is lost. have.
저항방식의 다른 문제점은 2장의 기판(3, 5)이 사용되며, 각 기판(3, 5)의 전체 영역에 걸쳐 ITO 등이 도포된다는 점이다. 이와 같이 2장의 기판(3, 5)을 이용하고 다층의 ITO가 도포되면, 터치 패널의 투과율이 저하되고 이는 곧 표시장치의 표시품질을 저하시키는 원인으로 작용한다. 또한, 2장의 기판(3, 5)을 사용함에 따라 기판(3, 5)들의 이격을 위한 스페이서의 설치가 불가피하며, 이는 공정을 복잡하게 하여 공정비용 상승 및 수율을 저하시키는 요인이 된다.Another problem of the resistance method is that two substrates 3 and 5 are used, and ITO or the like is applied over the entire area of each substrate 3 and 5. When two substrates 3 and 5 are used in this way and a multi-layer ITO is applied, the transmittance of the touch panel is lowered, which causes the display quality of the display device to be lowered. In addition, as the two substrates 3 and 5 are used, it is inevitable to install spacers for separating the substrates 3 and 5, which complicates the process and increases the process cost and lowers the yield.
나아가서, 종래 터치 패널은 패널 상에서 복수의 지점이 동시에 터치되는 멀티 터치를 인식할 수 없는 문제점이 있다. 예컨대, 전자칠판 등에서 칠판에 손등을 대고 판서를 하는 경우, 전자칠판 상에서 동시에 다자가 판서를 하는 경우 등과 같이 멀티 터치가 발생하는 경우, 멀티 터치의 인식이 안되거나 터치 패널이 오작동하는 문제점이 발생한다.Furthermore, the conventional touch panel has a problem in that it cannot recognize a multi-touch in which a plurality of points are simultaneously touched on the panel. For example, in the case of writing with the back of a hand on a blackboard in the copyboard, or when multi-touch occurs, such as writing in a multi-party on the copyboard at the same time, a problem occurs that the multi-touch is not recognized or the touch panel malfunctions. .
그 밖에도, 종래 저항방식의 터치 패널은 터치를 아날로그 신호로 감지함에 따라 고가의 AD컨버터(13)가 필요하게 되며 신호처리 과정에서 시간지연이 발생되고, 저항점들에 대항 영점 조정이 반드시 필요하며, 대형의 표시장치(1)에는 적용하기 곤란한 등의 제반 문제점들을 갖고 있다.In addition, the conventional resistive touch panel requires an expensive AD converter 13 as a touch is sensed as an analog signal, time delay occurs in the signal processing, and zero adjustment is required for the resistance points. And the large display device 1 have various problems, such as being difficult to apply.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 종래 터치 패널의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 제안된 것으로서, 3단자형 스위칭소자와 도전패드를 이용하여 터치셀을 형성함으로써 단일 기판을 이용하여 신체의 가벼운 접촉이나 접근을 감지하여 터치 신호를 발생시키도록 하며 멀티 터치 지점에 대하여 터치 신호를 인식 가능하도록 하여, 궁극적으로는 기판의 굴곡에 의한 수명 단축을 방지하고 터치 패널의 투과율을 향상시켜 표시장치와 결합시 표시품질을 좋게 하며, 표시장치 내에 터치 패널을 내장 설계하기 용이하게 함은 물론, 기존에 양산성 및 제품 신뢰성이 검증된 표시장치의 제조공정을 이용할 수 있어 제조코스트가 매우 저렴하고 양산제작이 용이한 터치 패널을 제공함에 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been proposed to solve the problems of the conventional touch panel as described above, by forming a touch cell using a three-terminal switching element and a conductive pad by using a single substrate to sense the light contact or approach of the body touch It generates the signal and makes it possible to recognize the touch signal at the multi-touch point, ultimately preventing the shortening of the life due to the bending of the substrate and improving the transmittance of the touch panel to improve the display quality when combined with the display device, In addition to facilitating the design of the touch panel in the display device, the manufacturing process of the display device, which has been proven in mass production and product reliability, can be used, thereby providing a touch panel that is very inexpensive to manufacture and easy to manufacture in mass production. Its purpose is.
또한, 본 발명은 표시장치의 상면에 본 발명의 터치 패널을 설치할 때, 표시장치의 신호선들과 터치 패널의 신호선들간 간섭에 의해 물결무늬의 모양이 나타나는 모아레 현상이 발생하는 것을 방지하기 위해, 기판의 하부에 확산시트를 설치하여 모아레 현상을 방지함에 또 다른 목적이 있다.In addition, the present invention, when the touch panel of the present invention is installed on the upper surface of the display device, in order to prevent the moiré phenomenon in which the wavy pattern appears due to the interference between the signal lines of the display device and the signal lines of the touch panel, the substrate Another purpose is to prevent the moiré phenomenon by installing a diffusion sheet in the lower portion of the.
또한, 본 발명은 검출된 터치 신호를 메모리수단에 저장하여 신호 처리량이 많아 터치 신호가 누락되는 경우, 메모리에 저장된 신호를 호출하여 인식할 수 있도록 하여 신호의 손실을 방지함에 다른 목적이 있다.In addition, the present invention has another object to prevent the loss of the signal by storing the detected touch signal in the memory means so that when the touch signal is missing because a large amount of signal processing, by calling the signal stored in the memory.
또한, 본 발명은 스위칭소자의 게이트단자를 플로팅시키고 신체의 정전기를 이용하여 터치 신호를 획득하는 새로운 구조의 터치 패널을 제공함에 또 다른 목적이 있다.Further, another object of the present invention is to provide a touch panel having a new structure in which a gate terminal of a switching device is floated and a touch signal is obtained by using static electricity of a body.
또한, 본 발명은 한 쌍의 도전패드를 상호 맞물리는 톱니 형상으로 배치하고 신체의 전기도체 특성을 이용하여 한 쌍의 도전패드를 통전시켜 터치 신호를 획득하는 새로운 구조의 터치 패널을 제공함에 또 다른 목적이 있다.In addition, the present invention is to provide a touch panel of a new structure for arranging a pair of conductive pads in the form of interdigital teeth and energizing a pair of conductive pads using the electrical conductor properties of the body to obtain a touch signal. There is a purpose.
또한, 본 발명은 신체의 정전용량을 이용하여 비접촉식 멀티 터치가 가능한 터치 패널을 제공함에 또 다른 목적이 있다.In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a touch panel capable of contactless multi-touch using the body's capacitance.
상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 터치 패널은, 신체를 포함한 터치수단의 접촉 또는 접근을 감지하여 해당 위치에 대응하는 좌표신호를 발생시키는 터치 패널에 있어서, 광투과성 재료로 구성된 기판(30); 상기 기판(30)의 일면에 배치되며 위치검출신호 입출력을 위한 복수의 제1신호선(32) 및 제2신호선(34); 상기 기판(30) 상에서 터치가 이루어지는 액티브영역을 복수개로 분할한 영역에 형성되며, 각 분할 영역 내에서 상기 제1신호선(32)과 제2신호선(34) 사이에 설치되는 3단자형 스위칭소자(40)와, 상기 스위칭소자(40)의 게이트단자에 접속되는 도전패드(50)를 구비한 터치셀(60); 및 상기 제1신호선(32)에 위치검출신호를 인가하고, 상기 도전패드(50)에 터치수단이 접촉되거나 접근될 때 상기 스위칭소자(40)의 상태변화에 따라 상기 제2신호선(34)으로 위치검출신호를 입수하여 대응 터치셀(60)의 좌표신호를 획득하는 터치위치 검출부(70);를 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 한다.The touch panel of the present invention for achieving the above object, in the touch panel for detecting the contact or approach of the touch means including the body to generate a coordinate signal corresponding to the position, the substrate 30 made of a light-transmissive material ; A plurality of first signal lines 32 and second signal lines 34 disposed on one surface of the substrate 30 for inputting and outputting position detection signals; A three-terminal switching element is formed in a region in which a plurality of active regions where a touch is made is divided on the substrate 30 and is provided between the first signal line 32 and the second signal line 34 in each divided region. A touch cell 60 having a 40 and a conductive pad 50 connected to the gate terminal of the switching element 40; And applying a position detection signal to the first signal line 32, and when the touch means contacts or approaches the conductive pad 50, changes the state of the switching element 40 to the second signal line 34. And a touch position detector 70 for acquiring the position detection signal and acquiring the coordinate signal of the corresponding touch cell 60.
바람직한 실시예에 따르면, 상기 기판(30)의 하부에 확산시트(90)가 더 설치된다.According to a preferred embodiment, the diffusion sheet 90 is further provided below the substrate 30.
바람직한 실시예에 따르면, 상기 터치위치 검출부(70)는 상기 터치셀(60)의 좌표값에 대응하는 주소들을 갖는 메모리수단(74)을 더 포함하며, 제2신호선(34)으로부터 위치검출신호가 수신되면 대응 터치셀(60)의 좌표값이 메모리수단(74)의 대응 주소에 저장된다.According to a preferred embodiment, the touch position detection unit 70 further includes a memory means 74 having addresses corresponding to the coordinate values of the touch cell 60, wherein the position detection signal is received from the second signal line 34. When received, the coordinate values of the corresponding touch cell 60 are stored in the corresponding address of the memory means 74.
바람직한 실시예에 따르면, 상기 기판(30)의 일면에는 복수의 게이트신호선(36)이 더 배치되고, 상기 각 터치셀(60)은 상기 도전패드(50)와 게이트신호선(36) 사이에 접속되는 커패시터(54)를 더 포함하며, 상기 터치위치 검출부(70)는 상기 게이트신호선(36) 각각에 게이트신호를 인가한다.According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of gate signal lines 36 are further disposed on one surface of the substrate 30, and each touch cell 60 is connected between the conductive pad 50 and the gate signal line 36. A capacitor 54 is further included, and the touch position detector 70 applies a gate signal to each of the gate signal lines 36.
바람직한 실시예에 따르면, 상기 기판(30)의 일면에는 복수의 게이트신호선(36)과 보조신호선(37)이 더 배치되고, 상기 각 터치셀(60)은 제1신호선(32)에 입력단자가 연결되는 제1스위칭소자(42)와, 제1스위칭소자(42)의 게이트단자에 접속되는 도전패드(50)와, 제1스위칭소자(42)의 출력단자에 입력단자가 연결되고 제2신호선(34)에 출력단자가 연결되며 게이트신호선(36)에 게이트단자가 연결되는 제2스위칭소자(44)와, 제1스위칭소자(42)의 출력단자와 보조신호선(37) 사이에 접속되는 커패시터(54)로 구성되며, 상기 터치위치 검출부(70)는 상기 게이트신호선(36) 각각에 게이트신호를 인가한다.According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of gate signal lines 36 and auxiliary signal lines 37 are further disposed on one surface of the substrate 30, and each touch cell 60 has an input terminal on the first signal line 32. An input terminal is connected to a first switching device 42 connected to the conductive pad 50, a conductive pad 50 connected to a gate terminal of the first switching device 42, and an output terminal of the first switching device 42. A capacitor connected between an output terminal of the first switching element 42 and an output terminal of the first switching element 42 and an auxiliary signal line 37; And the touch position detector 70 applies a gate signal to each of the gate signal lines 36.
바람직한 실시예에 따르면, 상기 기판(30)의 일면에는 복수의 게이트신호선(36)이 더 배치되고, 상기 각 터치셀(60)의 도전패드(50)는 상기 스위칭소자(40)의 게이트단자에 접속되는 제1도전패드(50a)와 이 제1도전패드(50a)와 이격 배치되며 상기 게이트신호선(36)에 접속되는 제2도전패드(50b)로 구성되며, 상기 터치위치 검출부(70)는 상기 게이트신호선(36) 각각에 게이트신호를 인가한다.According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of gate signal lines 36 are further disposed on one surface of the substrate 30, and the conductive pads 50 of each touch cell 60 are connected to the gate terminal of the switching element 40. And a second conductive pad 50b spaced apart from the first conductive pad 50a connected to the first conductive pad 50a and connected to the gate signal line 36. The touch position detecting unit 70 includes: A gate signal is applied to each of the gate signal lines 36.
보다 바람직한 실시예에 따르면, 상기 제1도전패드(50a) 및 제2도전패드(50b)는 각각 오목부(51)와 볼록부(53)가 연속하는 요철 형상으로 형성되며, 각 터치셀(60) 내에서 제1도전패드(50a)와 제2도전패드(50b)는 상호 오목부(51)와 볼록부(53)가 치합되도록 배치된다.According to a more preferred embodiment, the first conductive pad 50a and the second conductive pad 50b are each formed in a concave-convex shape in which the concave portion 51 and the convex portion 53 are continuous, and each touch cell 60 is formed. The first conductive pad 50a and the second conductive pad 50b are arranged such that the concave portion 51 and the convex portion 53 engage with each other.
바람직한 실시예에 따르면, 상기 기판(30)의 일면에는 복수의 보조신호선(37)이 더 배치되고, 상기 각 터치셀(60)은 제1신호선(32)에 게이트단자가 연결되고 보조신호선(37)과 제2신호선(34) 각각에 입력단자와 출력단자가 연결되는 스위칭소자(40)와, 스위칭소자(40)의 게이트단자에 접속되는 도전패드(50)로 구성된다.According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of auxiliary signal lines 37 are further disposed on one surface of the substrate 30, and each touch cell 60 has a gate terminal connected to the first signal line 32 and an auxiliary signal line 37. ) And a switching device 40 connected to an input terminal and an output terminal of each of the second signal line 34 and a conductive pad 50 connected to a gate terminal of the switching device 40.
바람직한 실시예에 따르면, 상기 기판(30)의 일면에는 복수의 게이트신호선(36)과 보조신호선(37)이 더 배치되고, 상기 각 터치셀(60)은 제1신호선(32)에 입력단자가 연결되고 게이트신호선(36)에 게이트단자가 연결되는 제1스위칭소자(42)와, 제1스위칭소자(42)의 출력단자에 접속되는 도전패드(50)와, 제1스위칭소자(42)의 출력단자에 게이트단자가 연결되고 보조신호선(37)과 제2신호선(34) 각각에 입력단자와 출력단자가 연결되는 제2스위칭소자(44)로 구성되며, 상기 터치위치 검출부(70)는 상기 게이트신호선(36) 각각에 게이트신호를 인가한다.According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of gate signal lines 36 and auxiliary signal lines 37 are further disposed on one surface of the substrate 30, and each touch cell 60 has an input terminal on the first signal line 32. A first switching element 42 connected to the gate signal line 36 and a gate terminal thereof, a conductive pad 50 connected to an output terminal of the first switching element 42, and a first switching element 42 of the first switching element 42. The gate terminal is connected to the output terminal, and the auxiliary signal line 37 and the second signal line 34 are respectively composed of a second switching element 44 having an input terminal and an output terminal connected thereto, and the touch position detecting unit 70 includes the gate A gate signal is applied to each of the signal lines 36.
보다 바람직한 실시예에 따르면, 상기 제1스위칭소자(42)의 출력단자와 보조신호선(37) 사이에 커패시터(54)가 접속된다.According to a more preferred embodiment, a capacitor 54 is connected between the output terminal of the first switching element 42 and the auxiliary signal line 37.
보다 바람직한 실시예에 따르면, 상기 보조신호선(37)은 제1보조신호선(37a)과 제2보조신호선(37b)이 각기 별도로 제공되며, 상기 제2스위칭소자(44)의 입력단자와 상기 커패시터(54)의 일단부는 각기 다른 보조신호선(37a, 37b)에 연결된다.According to a more preferred embodiment, the auxiliary signal line 37 is provided with a first auxiliary signal line 37a and a second auxiliary signal line 37b separately, respectively, and an input terminal and the capacitor of the second switching element 44. One end of 54 is connected to different auxiliary signal lines 37a and 37b.
보다 바람직한 실시예에 따르면, 상기 기판(30)의 일면에는 상기 터치셀(60)을 보호하는 투명절연막이 코팅된다.According to a more preferred embodiment, a transparent insulating film for protecting the touch cell 60 is coated on one surface of the substrate 30.
본 발명의 터치 패널에 따르면, 단일 기판 상에 신호선들을 배선하고 터치가 이루어지는 액티브영역을 구획하여 구획된 각 영역 내에 신호선들에 연결되는 3단자형 스위칭소자와 도전패드로 구성된 터치셀을 형성하며, 도전패드에 신체 또는 이와 유사한 도전특성을 가진 터치수단이 접촉되거나 접근될 때 스위칭소자의 상태변화에 따라 터치셀의 좌표신호를 획득하도록 구성함으로써, 터치 입력시 기판의 굴곡 없이도 터치 신호를 발생시킬 수 있어 기판에 가해지는 압력이 작아 신호가 누락되는 현상이 발생하지 않고 기판의 굴곡을 이용한 터치 패널에 비해 장수명화를 기대할 수 있으며, 단일 기판을 이용함에 따라 투과율이 크게 향상되어 표시장치의 표시품질을 크게 저하시키지 않으며, 기판의 이격을 위한 스페이서 등의 구성품이 불필요하여 패널을 보다 슬림하게 제조할 수 있고 표시장치에 내장 조립하는 것이 용이하며, TFT 등과 같은 3단자형 스위칭소자를 이용하여 각 터치셀에서 획득되는 신호가 독립적으로 인식되도록 하여 멀티 터치에 대한 인식이 가능하며, LCD나 AMOLED 등에 의해 검증된 TFT기판의 제조공정을 이용하여 매우 높은 양산성 및 제품 신뢰성을 확보할 수 있으며, 위치검출신호로 디지털 신호를 인가하여 처리함에 따라 신호를 변환하는 부가의 과정이 불필요하며 반응속도가 매우 빠르고 노이즈나 기타 외부 환경요인에 의한 오작동을 방지할 수 있으며, 태양광 아래에서도 사용이 가능하며, 영점조정 등이 불필요하며, 대형의 표시장치에 사용되기에 적합한 효과가 있다.According to the touch panel of the present invention, the signal lines are wired on a single substrate and the active area where the touch is made is divided to form a touch cell composed of a 3-terminal switching element and a conductive pad connected to the signal lines in each partitioned area. The touch pad is configured to acquire the coordinate signal of the touch cell according to the change of state of the switching element when the body or a touch device having similar conductivity is in contact with the conductive pad, thereby generating a touch signal without bending the substrate during touch input. As the pressure applied to the substrate is small, the signal is not dropped and the life can be expected longer than the touch panel using the bending of the substrate, and the transmittance is greatly improved by using a single substrate to improve the display quality of the display device. It does not significantly decrease, and components such as spacers for separating the substrate are unnecessary. The board can be manufactured more slim, and it is easy to assemble it into a display device. Also, it is possible to recognize multi-touch by allowing signals acquired from each touch cell to be independently recognized by using a 3-terminal switching element such as TFT. Also, by using the manufacturing process of TFT substrate verified by LCD or AMOLED, it is possible to secure very high mass productivity and product reliability, and additional process of converting signal by applying digital signal as position detection signal and processing it It is unnecessary and the response speed is very fast, and it can prevent malfunction due to noise or other external environmental factors, it can be used under sunlight, zero adjustment is unnecessary, and it is suitable for use in large display devices. .
또한, 본 발명에 따르면, 기판의 하부에 확산시트를 설치함으로써 표시장치의 상면에 본 발명의 터치 패널이 설치될 때 신호선들의 간섭에 의해 물결무늬의 모양이 나타나는 모아레 현상을 방지할 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, according to the present invention, by installing the diffusion sheet on the lower part of the substrate, when the touch panel of the present invention is installed on the upper surface of the display device, it is possible to prevent the moiré phenomenon in which the wavy pattern appears due to the interference of the signal lines. have.
또한, 본 발명에 따르면, 위치검출신호를 메모리수단에 일시 저장하여, 터치위치 검출부에서의 신호 처리량이 많아 실시간으로 수신되는 위치검출신호를 인식하지 못할 경우, 메모리수단에 저장된 신호를 호출하여 처리할 수 있으므로, 신호의 손실을 방지할 수 있는 효과가 있다.Further, according to the present invention, when the position detection signal is temporarily stored in the memory means, and the amount of signal processing in the touch position detection unit is not recognized, the position detection signal received in real time may be called and processed by calling the signal stored in the memory means. Therefore, there is an effect that can prevent the loss of the signal.
또한, 본 발명에 따르면, 스위칭소자의 게이트단자를 플로팅시키고 신체의 정전기를 이용하여 스위칭소자를 턴 온/오프시켜 터치 신호를 획득하는 실시예를 제공하며, 본 실시예에서는 매우 간단한 구조로 터치 패널을 구성할 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, according to the present invention, there is provided an embodiment in which the gate terminal of the switching device is floated and the switching device is turned on / off using static electricity of the body to obtain a touch signal. In this embodiment, the touch panel has a very simple structure. There is an effect that can be configured.
또한, 본 발명에 따르면, 각 터치셀 내에서 한 쌍의 도전패드를 상호 맞물리는 톱니 형상으로 배치하고 신체의 전기도체 특성을 이용하여 한 쌍의 도전패드를 통전시켜 터치 신호를 획득하도록 구성함으로써, 패널의 액티브영역 중 어느 위치에서나 터치 지점을 인식할 수 있도록 하는 효과가 있다.In addition, according to the present invention, by arranging a pair of conductive pads in each touch cell in the form of interdigital teeth, and by applying a pair of conductive pads using the electrical conductor properties of the body to obtain a touch signal, The touch point may be recognized at any position of the active area of the panel.
또한, 본 발명에 따르면, 신체의 정전용량을 이용하여 비접촉식 터치를 인식할 수 있도록 함으로써, 도전패드를 보호코팅층 등에 의해 보호하거나 기판의 하면에 설치하여 은폐시킬 수 있으며, 이는 ITO 등의 투명도전체가 벗겨지는 현상을 방지하여 보다 장수명화를 기대할 수 있게 한다.In addition, according to the present invention, by allowing the non-contact touch to be recognized by using the body's capacitance, the conductive pad can be protected by a protective coating layer or the like or installed on the bottom surface of the substrate to conceal it. It prevents peeling and makes life expectancy longer.
나아가서, 본 발명에서 사용되는 드라이브IC들은 LCD와 같은 표시장치의 게이트IC나 소스IC 혹은 종래 터치패널에서 사용되는 AD컨버터 등과 달리 부하를 구동하지 않고 단지 신호의 송수신만 수행하게 되므로, IC 자체를 구동하기 위한 최소한의 소모전력만을 필요로 한다. 특히, 수신용 드라이브IC는 하이 임피던스(Hi-impedance)로 신호를 수신하므로 소비전류가 거의 없다. 휴대전화 등과 같은 휴대단말기는 휴대성을 향상시키는 중요한 요소로 소비전류의 최소화가 요구되며, 본 발명의 터치 패널은 휴대단말기에 적용될 경우, 다른 터치 패널에 비해 배터리 사용을 보다 연장시킬 수 있는 장점을 가진다.Furthermore, the drive ICs used in the present invention do not drive a load, unlike a gate IC or a source IC of a display device such as an LCD or an AD converter used in a conventional touch panel, and thus only transmit and receive a signal, thereby driving the IC itself. It requires only minimal power consumption. In particular, the receiving drive IC receives a signal with high impedance (Hi-impedance), so there is little current consumption. A portable terminal such as a cellular phone is an important factor to improve portability, and it is required to minimize current consumption. When the touch panel of the present invention is applied to a portable terminal, the use of a battery can be extended more than other touch panels. Have
도 1은 종래 저항 방식의 터치 패널을 보인 단면 구성도1 is a cross-sectional configuration view showing a conventional resistive touch panel
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 터치 패널의 구조를 보인 분해사시도2 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of a touch panel according to the present invention;
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 터치 패널의 기본 구성을 개략적으로 보인 구성도3 is a schematic view showing a basic configuration of a touch panel according to the present invention;
도 4는 확산시트가 설치된 예를 보인 분해사시도Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the diffusion sheet is installed
도 5는 본 발명의 시스템 구성을 예시한 블록도5 is a block diagram illustrating a system configuration of the present invention.
도 6은 본 발명에서 터치 신호를 인식하는 예를 예시한 파형도6 is a waveform diagram illustrating an example of recognizing a touch signal in the present invention;
도 7은 메모리수단의 일실시예를 개념적으로 보인 블록도7 is a block diagram conceptually showing an embodiment of a memory means;
도 8은 신체의 정전기를 이용한 방식의 실시예를 예시한 구성도8 is a configuration diagram illustrating an embodiment of the method using the static electricity of the body
도 9는 신체의 정전기를 이용한 방식의 다른 실시예를 예시한 구성도9 is a configuration diagram illustrating another embodiment of the method using the static electricity of the body
도 10은 신체의 전기도체 특성을 이용한 방식의 실시예를 예시한 구성도10 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a scheme using the electrical conductor properties of the body
도 11은 도 9의 실시예에서 도전패드의 배치 예를 보인 평면도FIG. 11 is a plan view illustrating an arrangement example of a conductive pad in the embodiment of FIG. 9; FIG.
도 12는 신체의 정전용량을 이용한 방식을 개념적으로 표현한 도면12 is a conceptual representation of a method using the body's capacitance
도 13은 신체의 정전용량을 이용한 방식의 실시예를 예시한 구성도13 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a method using the body's capacitance
도 14는 신체의 정전용량을 이용한 방식의 다른 실시예를 예시한 구성도14 is a block diagram illustrating another embodiment of the method using the body's capacitance
도 15는 도 14의 실시예에서 단위 터치셀의 구성예를 보인 평면도15 is a plan view illustrating a configuration example of a unit touch cell in the embodiment of FIG. 14.
도 16은 도 14의 실시예에서 터치 신호를 인식하는 예를 보인 파형도16 is a waveform diagram illustrating an example of recognizing a touch signal in the embodiment of FIG. 14.
도 17은 신체의 정전용량을 이용한 방식의 또 다른 실시예를 예시한 구성도17 is a block diagram illustrating another embodiment of the method using the body's capacitance
도 18은 신체의 정전용량을 이용한 방식의 또 다른 실시예를 예시한 구성도18 is a block diagram illustrating another embodiment of a method using a body capacitance
이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부된 도면 및 실시예를 참조하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
우선, 본 발명은 LCD, PDP, OLED, AMOLED 등의 표시장치 상면에 부가하여 설치되거나 또는 단독으로 사용되는 터치 패널에 관한 것으로서, 종래 2장의 기판을 이용하며 터치 압력에 의해 기판에 굴곡을 발생시켜 2장의 기판이 맞닿을 때 터치 신호를 획득하던 방식과 달리, 단일 기판 상에 TFT(Thin Film Transistor)와 같은 3단자형 스위칭소자 및 도전패드로 구성된 터치셀을 형성하여, 손가락과 같은 신체의 일부가 가볍게 접촉되거나 접근할 때 TFT의 상태변화를 감지하여 터치 신호를 획득하는 방식의 터치 패널에 관한 것이다. First, the present invention relates to a touch panel that is installed in addition to the upper surface of a display device such as LCD, PDP, OLED, AMOLED or the like, or is used alone. Unlike the method of acquiring a touch signal when two substrates abut, a touch cell composed of a 3-terminal switching element such as a thin film transistor (TFT) and a conductive pad is formed on a single substrate to form a part of a body such as a finger. The present invention relates to a touch panel in which a touch signal is obtained by sensing a state change of a TFT when lightly touches or approaches.
본 발명에 따른 터치 패널은 기본적으로 단일 기판을 복수의 영역으로 분할하고, 분할된 각각의 영역에는 스위칭소자와 이 스위칭소자의 게이트단자에 접속되는 도전패드를 설치하여 단위 터치셀을 형성한다. 스위칭소자의 소스단자(이하 "입력단자"라 칭함)와 드레인단자(이하 "출력단자"라 칭함)는 각각 신호선 또는 보조 신호선들에 연결되며 게이트단자에는 도전패드가 접속된다. 게이트단자는 플로팅(floating) 상태에서 신체의 정전기나 정전용량 특성에 의해, 또는 게이트신호선으로부터 게이트신호를 받아 턴 온/오프 된다. 이처럼 게이트단자에 인가되는 전압에 따라 스위칭소자의 상태가 변화될 때 신호선들을 통해 위치검출신호를 수신하여 터치 신호를 획득하게 된다.The touch panel according to the present invention basically divides a single substrate into a plurality of regions, and in each divided region, a unit touch cell is formed by providing a switching element and a conductive pad connected to the gate terminal of the switching element. The source terminal (hereinafter referred to as "input terminal") and the drain terminal (hereinafter referred to as "output terminal") of the switching element are connected to signal lines or auxiliary signal lines, respectively, and a conductive pad is connected to the gate terminal. The gate terminal is turned on / off in response to the gate signal from the gate signal line or by the electrostatic or capacitance characteristics of the body in a floating state. As such, when the state of the switching device changes according to the voltage applied to the gate terminal, the touch signal is obtained by receiving the position detection signal through the signal lines.
본 발명의 터치 패널은 다양한 실시예들을 제공한다. 본 발명은 위와 같은 기본구조를 바탕으로 하여, 각 터치셀 내에서 스위칭소자들을 부가하거나, 도전패드를 쌍으로 구성하거나, 커패시터를 부가하여 다양한 실시태양으로 변경될 수 있다. 이하에서 설명되는 실시예들은 신체의 정전기에 의해 스위칭소자의 상태를 변화시키는 실시예, 이격 배치된 한 쌍의 도전패드에 신체가 접촉하여 통전되는 것에 의해 스위칭소자의 상태를 변화시키는 실시예, 및 신체의 정전용량 특성에 의해 스위칭소자의 상태를 변화시키는 실시예이다. 본 실시예들에서 설명되지는 않지만, 두 개의 신호선을 이용하여 위치검출신호를 송수신하며, 각 터치셀에는 스위칭소자와 도전패드를 설치하여 도전패드에 신체가 접촉 또는 접근될 때 스위칭소자의 상태변화에 의해 터치 신호를 획득하는 실시예들은 본 발명의 기술사상에 포함된다고 할 것이다.The touch panel of the present invention provides various embodiments. Based on the above basic structure, the present invention can be changed to various embodiments by adding switching elements, configuring a pair of conductive pads, or adding a capacitor in each touch cell. Embodiments described below change the state of the switching element by static electricity of the body, change the state of the switching element by contacting and energizing a pair of conductive pads spaced apart from each other, and The embodiment changes the state of the switching element by the capacitance characteristics of the body. Although not described in the present embodiments, the position detection signal is transmitted and received using two signal lines, and each touch cell is provided with a switching element and a conductive pad to change the state of the switching element when the body contacts or approaches the conductive pad. Embodiments of obtaining a touch signal by means of the present invention will be included.
나아가서, 본 발명의 터치 패널은 비록 표시장치의 디스플레이 패널과는 별도로 설치되는 것이지만, LCD나 AMOLED 등의 디스플레이 패널과 마찬가지로 기판 상에 신호선들을 배선하고 단위 터치셀(LCD 등에서는 단위 화소)에 TFT를 배치하는 등 이미 제품 신뢰성 및 양산성이 검증된 TFT기판의 제조공정을 차용하여 제조될 수 있다. 따라서, 보다 안정적인 제조공정 및 제품 신뢰성을 기대할 수 있다. 물론, 표시장치의 디스플레이 패널과 터치 패널은 외형적으로 유사할 뿐 실제 기능 및 작용은 서로 다르다. Furthermore, although the touch panel of the present invention is installed separately from the display panel of the display device, like the display panel of LCD or AMOLED, the signal lines are wired on the substrate and TFT is attached to the unit touch cell (unit pixel in LCD, etc.). It can be manufactured by borrowing the manufacturing process of TFT substrate which has already been verified for product reliability and mass production, such as arrangement | positioning. Therefore, more stable manufacturing process and product reliability can be expected. Of course, the display panel and the touch panel of the display device are similar in appearance but actual functions and operations are different from each other.
이하에서 설명되는 실시예들에서 스위칭소자는 "TFT"로 대체되어 설명될 수 있으며, 스위칭소자와 TFT에 대하여는 동일한 도면부호를 사용한다.In the embodiments described below, the switching element may be described by being replaced by "TFT", and the same reference numerals are used for the switching element and the TFT.
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 터치 패널의 구조를 보인 분해사시도로서, 본 발명의 터치 패널의 기본 구조를 개략적으로 도시한 것이다. 도시된 바와 같이, 표시장치(20)의 상면에 단일 기판(30)의 터치 패널이 설치된다. 기판(30)은 글래스 또는 필름 등 광투과성 재료로 구성된다. 도시된 바와 같이, 기판(30)의 에지부에는 후술되는 신호선들에 위치검출신호 및 게이트신호 등을 인가하는 드라이브IC(71)가 실장된다. 드라이브IC(71)는 도시된 바와 같이, 기판(30)의 에지부에 분산되어 설치될 수도 있으며, 일측 에지부에 통합되어 설치될 수도 있다. 또한, 드라이브IC(71)는 기판(30)의 에지부에 COF(Chip On Film) 또는 COG(Chip On Glass) 형태로 실장될 수 있다.Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of a touch panel according to the present invention, schematically showing the basic structure of the touch panel of the present invention. As shown, the touch panel of the single substrate 30 is installed on the upper surface of the display device 20. The substrate 30 is made of a light transmissive material such as glass or film. As shown in the drawing, a drive IC 71 for applying a position detection signal and a gate signal to signal lines to be described later is mounted on an edge portion of the substrate 30. As shown, the drive IC 71 may be distributedly installed at the edge portion of the substrate 30 or may be integrally installed at one edge portion. In addition, the drive IC 71 may be mounted in the form of a chip on film (COF) or a chip on glass (COG) at an edge portion of the substrate 30.
비록 도 2에서는 표시장치(20)의 상부에 본 발명의 터치 패널이 적층되는 것을 도시하였지만, 본 발명의 터치 패널은 단일 기판(30)으로 구성되므로 매우 슬림하게 제조될 수 있으며, 이에 따라 터치 패널을 표시장치(20) 내부에 내장하여도 표시장치의 경박단소화를 크게 저해하지 않는다. 이는 본 발명이 가지는 중요한 기술적 장점 중 하나이다. 예컨대, LCD의 경우에 있어서, TFT기판과 칼라필터기판이 접합된 액정패널 위에 본 발명의 단일 기판(30)으로 구성된 터치 패널과 편광판 등을 적층한 후, BLU의 하우징 내에 이들을 설치하는 것으로서, 터치 패널을 표시장치(20) 내에 내장시킬 수 있을 것이다.Although FIG. 2 illustrates that the touch panel of the present invention is stacked on the display device 20, the touch panel of the present invention may be manufactured to be very slim because the touch panel of the present invention is composed of a single substrate 30. Even if the inside of the display device 20 is incorporated, the light and small size of the display device is not significantly impaired. This is one of the important technical advantages of the present invention. For example, in the case of LCD, a touch panel and a polarizing plate made of a single substrate 30 of the present invention are laminated on a liquid crystal panel on which a TFT substrate and a color filter substrate are bonded, and then these are installed in a housing of a BLU. The panel may be embedded in the display device 20.
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 터치 패널의 기본 구성을 개략적으로 보여주는 구성도이다. 이를 참조하면, 기판(30)의 일면에는 위치검출신호 입출력을 위한 복수의 제1신호선(32) 및 제2신호선(34)이 배치된다. 제1신호선(32)은 위치검출신호를 송신하기 위한 라인이며, 제2신호선(34)은 위치검출신호를 수신하기 위한 라인이다. 도시된 실시예에서는 제1신호선(32)과 제2신호선(34)이 교차 배선된 것을 예시하였지만, 이는 단지 본 발명의 이해를 돕기 위해 도시한 것일 뿐이며, 제1신호선(32)과 제2신호선(34)은 나란하게 배선될 수도 있으며, 사선 형태로 배선될 수도 있다.3 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a basic configuration of a touch panel according to the present invention. Referring to this, a plurality of first signal lines 32 and second signal lines 34 for inputting and outputting position detection signals are disposed on one surface of the substrate 30. The first signal line 32 is a line for transmitting the position detection signal, and the second signal line 34 is a line for receiving the position detection signal. In the illustrated embodiment, the first signal line 32 and the second signal line 34 are cross-wired. However, these are only shown to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and the first signal line 32 and the second signal line are illustrated. 34 may be wired side by side, or may be wired in a diagonal form.
도시된 바와 같이, 제1신호선(32)과 제2신호선(34) 사이에는 3단자형 스위칭소자(40)가 설치되고, 3단자형 스위칭소자의 게이트단자에는 도전패드(50)가 접속되어 터치셀(60)을 형성한다.As shown, a three-terminal switching element 40 is provided between the first signal line 32 and the second signal line 34, and a conductive pad 50 is connected to the gate terminal of the three-terminal switching element to touch it. Cell 60 is formed.
3단자형 스위칭소자(40)는 바람직하게는 TFT(40)이다. 도시된 바와 같이, TFT(40)의 입력단자는 제1신호선(32)에 연결되고, 출력단자는 제2신호선(34)에 연결된다. 따라서, TFT(40)는 게이트단자에 OFF 전압이 인가되는 경우 제1신호선(32)과 제2신호선(34)의 연결을 차단하며, 게이트단자에 온(ON) 전압이 인가되는 경우 도통되어 제1신호선(32)을 따라 전달되는 위치검출신호가 제2신호선(34)을 통해 수신되도록 한다.The three-terminal switching element 40 is preferably the TFT 40. As shown, the input terminal of the TFT 40 is connected to the first signal line 32 and the output terminal is connected to the second signal line 34. Therefore, the TFT 40 cuts off the connection between the first signal line 32 and the second signal line 34 when the OFF voltage is applied to the gate terminal, and becomes conductive when the ON voltage is applied to the gate terminal. The position detection signal transmitted along the first signal line 32 is received through the second signal line 34.
도전패드(50)는 기판(30)의 상면에 ITO 등과 같은 투명도전체를 도포하여 형성된다. 도전패드(50)는 터치셀(60)의 전체 영역을 커버하도록 설치될 수도 있겠으나, 바람직하게는, 터치셀(60)의 국부 영역에만 설치된다. 예컨대, 기판(30)의 외면에 접촉되는 손가락의 단부는 수 mm의 폭을 갖게 되는데, 각 터치셀(60)의 너비가 이보다 작은 경우, 상기 도전패드(50)는 터치셀(60)의 국부 영역만을 커버하도록 형성되어도 신체의 일부와 접촉될 수 있다. 보다 바람직하게는, 도전패드(50)는 어느 일측 신호선(32, 34)에 오버랩(Overlap)되도록 형성된다. 이와 같이 도전패드(50)의 영역을 국부적으로 하거나 신호선(32, 34) 위에 오버랩되도록 형성하면 터치 패널의 투과율은 크게 향상될 것이다.The conductive pad 50 is formed by coating a transparent conductor such as ITO on the upper surface of the substrate 30. The conductive pad 50 may be installed to cover the entire area of the touch cell 60, but is preferably provided only in a local area of the touch cell 60. For example, an end portion of the finger that is in contact with the outer surface of the substrate 30 has a width of several mm. When the width of each touch cell 60 is smaller than this, the conductive pad 50 is a local part of the touch cell 60. It may be formed to cover only the area, but may be in contact with a part of the body. More preferably, the conductive pad 50 is formed to overlap one of the signal lines 32 and 34. As such, when the region of the conductive pad 50 is locally formed or overlapped on the signal lines 32 and 34, the transmittance of the touch panel may be greatly improved.
상기 터치셀(60)은 패널 상에서 실제 터치가 이루어지는 액티브영역을 구획하여 형성되는 것으로서, LCD 등의 표시장치(20)에서 단위화소들이 매트릭스 형태로 배열되는 것과 마찬가지로 매트릭스 형태로 배열된다. 또한, 본 발명의 터치 패널은 표시장치(20)의 크기에 비례하는 것으로서, 터치셀(60)은 가능한 표시장치(20)의 단위화소가 갖는 분해능보다 정수비로 축소된 분해능으로 설계되는 것이 바람직하다. 이는 본 발명의 터치 패널이 안정되게 터치 신호를 획득하기 위해서는 가능한 도전패드(50)의 크기가 표시장치(20)의 단위화소보다 큰 것이 바람직하기 때문이다. 물론, 터치셀(60)은 LCD의 단위화소와 동일한 분해능이나 확대된 분해능으로 구성될 수도 있다. The touch cell 60 is formed by dividing an active area on which a touch is actually made on the panel. In the display device 20 such as an LCD, the unit pixels are arranged in a matrix like the unit pixels are arranged in a matrix. In addition, the touch panel of the present invention is proportional to the size of the display device 20, and it is preferable that the touch cell 60 is designed with a resolution reduced to an integer ratio rather than the resolution of unit pixels of the display device 20 as much as possible. . This is because, in order for the touch panel of the present invention to acquire a touch signal stably, the size of the conductive pad 50 is preferably larger than the unit pixel of the display device 20. Of course, the touch cell 60 may be configured with the same resolution or enlarged resolution as the unit pixel of the LCD.
이와 같이 터치셀(60)의 분해능이 표시장치(20)의 단위화소가 갖는 분해능과 동일하거나 정수비로 축소되면, 터치 패널의 제1신호선(32) 및 제2신호선(34)을 LCD의 게이트라인 및 데이터라인과 동일한 수직선상에 위치시킬 수 있으며, 이는 터치 패널의 투과율을 높여 표시장치(20)의 표시품질을 향상시키고, 표시장치(20)의 신호선과 터치 패널의 신호선간 간섭에 의해 물결무늬가 나타나는 모아레 현상을 방지할 수 있게 한다.As such, when the resolution of the touch cell 60 is reduced to the same resolution as the unit pixel of the display device 20 or at an integer ratio, the first signal line 32 and the second signal line 34 of the touch panel are changed to the gate line of the LCD. And it can be located on the same vertical line as the data line, which increases the transmittance of the touch panel to improve the display quality of the display device 20, and the wave pattern by the interference between the signal line of the display device 20 and the signal line of the touch panel To prevent moiré from appearing.
한편, 도 4에 도시된 실시예는 모아레 현상을 방지하는 다른 방법을 제공한다. 도 4를 참조하면, 기판(30)의 하부에는 확산시트(90)가 더 설치될 수 있다. 이처럼 기판(30)의 하부에 확산시트(90)를 설치하면, 표시장치(20)와 터치 패널 사이에 확산시트(90)가 위치하게 되며, 표시장치(20)의 신호선 배선과 터치 패널의 신호선 배선이 수직으로 동일선상에 위치하지 않아도 확산시트(90)의 확산효과에 의해 모아레 현상을 방지할 수 있다.On the other hand, the embodiment shown in Figure 4 provides another method for preventing the moiré phenomenon. Referring to FIG. 4, a diffusion sheet 90 may be further installed below the substrate 30. When the diffusion sheet 90 is disposed below the substrate 30, the diffusion sheet 90 is positioned between the display device 20 and the touch panel, and the signal line wiring of the display device 20 and the signal line of the touch panel are disposed. The moiré phenomenon can be prevented by the diffusion effect of the diffusion sheet 90 even if the wirings are not located vertically on the same line.
다시 도 3을 참조하면, 터치셀(60)이 3X3의 분해능으로 도시되어 있음을 알 수 있다. 실제로는 터치셀(60)이 매우 높은 분해능으로 배치될 것임에도 불구하고, 도 3에서 3X3의 분해능으로 터치셀(60)을 도시한 것은 본 발명의 이해를 돕기 위해 가정하여 예시한 것에 불과하다. 후술되는 실시예들도 터치셀(60)이 3X3의 분해능으로 배열되는 것을 예시하여 설명하기로 한다.Referring back to FIG. 3, it can be seen that the touch cell 60 is shown at a resolution of 3 × 3. Although the touch cell 60 is actually arranged at a very high resolution, the touch cell 60 is shown in FIG. 3 with a resolution of 3 × 3. Embodiments to be described later will be described by illustrating that the touch cells 60 are arranged at a resolution of 3 × 3.
도 5는 본 발명의 시스템 구성을 예시한 블록도이다. 이를 참조하면, 터치 패널의 일측 또는 외부에는 터치위치 검출부(70)가 설치된다. 도시한 바와 같이, 터치위치 검출부(70)는 드라이브IC(71)와, 타이밍 제어부(72)와, 신호처리부(73)와, 메모리수단(74)으로 구성된다. 그리고 터치위치 검출부(70)에서 획득한 터치 신호는 CPU(75)로 전달되어 해당 좌표에 대응하는 입력신호를 생성한다.5 is a block diagram illustrating a system configuration of the present invention. Referring to this, the touch position detector 70 is installed at one side or the outside of the touch panel. As shown, the touch position detection unit 70 is composed of a drive IC 71, a timing control unit 72, a signal processing unit 73, and a memory means 74. The touch signal acquired by the touch position detector 70 is transmitted to the CPU 75 to generate an input signal corresponding to the corresponding coordinate.
상기 드라이브IC(71)는 제1신호선(32)으로 위치검출신호를 인가하고, 제2신호선(34)으로부터 위치검출신호를 수신한다. 앞서 언급한 바와 같이, 이 드라이브IC(71)는 COG 또는 COF 형태로 기판(30)의 일측 에지부에 실장된다. 또한, 드라이브IC(71)는 후술되는 실시예들에서 언급되는 게이트신호선(36) 및 보조신호선(37)에도 각각 게이트신호 및 관측용 보조신호를 인가할 수 있다.The drive IC 71 applies a position detection signal to the first signal line 32 and receives a position detection signal from the second signal line 34. As mentioned above, the drive IC 71 is mounted on one side edge of the substrate 30 in the form of COG or COF. In addition, the drive IC 71 may apply the gate signal and the observation auxiliary signal to the gate signal line 36 and the auxiliary signal line 37 described in the following embodiments.
바람직하게는, 드라이브IC(71)는 제1신호선(32) 각각에 순차적으로 스캔펄스를 인가한다. 이를 위하여, 타이밍 제어부(72)는 일예로서 수십 ms 이하의 시분할 신호를 발생시키며, 신호처리부(73)는 타이밍 제어부(72)에서 제공되는 클록에 따라 도 6에 도시된 바와 같은 파형을 드라이브IC(71)측으로 제공한다. 도 6의 파형도를 참조하면, 드라이브IC(71)에서 각각의 제1신호선(32)에 D1, D2, D3의 시분할된 위치검출신호를 인가한다. 각 펄스의 주기는 "T"이다.Preferably, the drive IC 71 sequentially applies scan pulses to each of the first signal lines 32. To this end, the timing controller 72 generates a time division signal of several tens of ms or less as an example, and the signal processor 73 drives a waveform as shown in FIG. 6 according to a clock provided from the timing controller 72. 71) to the side. Referring to the waveform diagram of FIG. 6, the drive IC 71 applies the time-divided position detection signals D1, D2, and D3 to each of the first signal lines 32. The period of each pulse is "T".
만약, 도 3에서 우하단의 터치셀(60)에서 신체의 접촉이 발생한다면, 해당 터치셀(60)에서 TFT(40)에 신체의 정전기로 인한 ON 전압이 인가되어 TFT(40)가 도통될 것이다. 이에 따라 제1신호선(32)에 위치검출신호가 인가되는 타이밍에서 해당 터치셀(60)에 연결된 제2신호선(34)으로부터 위치검출신호가 입수된다. 도 6의 파형도를 참조하면, t3~t4 타임에 가장 우측의 제2신호선(34)을 통해 S3 위치검출신호가 입수될 것이다. 이렇게 검출된 신호는 신호처리부(73)로 전달되며, 터치위치 검출부(70)는 해당 좌표값 "D3, S3"에 대응하는 터치 신호를 획득한다. 즉, D3 펄스신호가 발생될 때, S3 신호가 입수된다면, 이는 "D3, S3" 좌표에서 터치가 이루어졌음을 의미한다.3, if a body contact occurs in the lower right touch cell 60, an ON voltage due to static electricity of the body is applied to the TFT 40 in the touch cell 60 so that the TFT 40 may be conducted. will be. Accordingly, the position detection signal is obtained from the second signal line 34 connected to the touch cell 60 at the timing when the position detection signal is applied to the first signal line 32. Referring to the waveform diagram of FIG. 6, the S3 position detection signal may be obtained through the rightmost second signal line 34 at the times t3 to t4. The detected signal is transmitted to the signal processor 73, and the touch position detector 70 obtains a touch signal corresponding to the corresponding coordinate values "D3 and S3". That is, when the S3 signal is obtained when the D3 pulse signal is generated, this means that a touch is made at the "D3, S3" coordinates.
그러나 많은 신호들을 처리하는 과정에서, 터치위치 검출부(70)가 "Busy" 상태일 경우, 위치검출신호를 인식하지 못하는 경우가 발생될 수 있다. 이미 인식하지 못한 터치 신호는 재생할 수 없으므로, 이는 신호를 잃어버리는 결과를 초래하여 터치 패널의 신뢰성 저하를 불러올 수 있다.However, in the process of processing a large number of signals, when the touch position detection unit 70 is in the "Busy" state, a case where the position detection signal may not be recognized. Since a touch signal that is not already recognized cannot be reproduced, this may result in the loss of the signal, leading to a decrease in reliability of the touch panel.
이를 방지하기 위하여, 터치위치 검출부(70)는 터치셀(60)의 개수 이상의 비트를 갖는 메모리수단(74)을 구비한다. 바람직하게는, 메모리수단(74)은 도 7에 도시된 바와 같이, 터치셀(60)의 좌표값에 대응하는 절대주소를 갖는다. 본 실시예에서, 메모리수단(74)은 적어도 9비트의 용량을 가지며, 터치위치 검출부(70)가 수신한 위치검출신호는 좌표값 "D3, S3"로서, "m9" 주소에 저장된다. 이렇게 저장된 신호들은 신호처리부(73)에 의해 호출되어 이용될 수 있다. 예컨대, 터치위치 검출부(70)는 제1신호선(32)에 인가되는 위치검출신호 전체를 1회 스캐닝한 후에, 메모리수단(74)을 읽어 누락된 신호가 있는지를 확인할 수 있을 것이다. 만약, 터치셀(60)의 분해능이 1366X768인 경우, 메모리수단(74)은 적어도 1049088비트 이상의 용량이 필요하며, 약 132k바이트의 용량을 확보해야 한다.In order to prevent this, the touch position detector 70 includes a memory means 74 having a bit or more than the number of touch cells 60. Preferably, the memory means 74 has an absolute address corresponding to the coordinate value of the touch cell 60, as shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, the memory means 74 has a capacity of at least 9 bits, and the position detection signal received by the touch position detection unit 70 is stored at the address "m9" as coordinate values "D3 and S3". The signals thus stored may be called and used by the signal processor 73. For example, the touch position detector 70 may scan the entire position detection signal applied to the first signal line 32 once, and then read the memory means 74 to check whether there is a missing signal. If the resolution of the touch cell 60 is 1366x768, the memory means 74 needs a capacity of at least 1049088 bits or more, and secures a capacity of about 132k bytes.
나아가서, 본 발명의 터치 패널은 각각의 터치셀(60)에 기본적으로 3단자형 스위칭소자인 TFT(40)를 설치하는데, TFT(40)는 LCD나 AMOLED에서 이미 검증된 소자라는 측면에서 많은 장점을 갖는다. 예를 들어, 본 발명의 터치 패널은 LCD 등의 제조공정에서 TFT기판을 제조하는 공정을 거의 그대로 이용하여 제조될 수 있다. 이로써 대량생산이 용이할 뿐만 아니라 안정된 품질을 구현할 수 있고 저비용 제조가 가능하다. 또한, LCD의 TFT기판의 제조공정만 이용할 뿐, 칼라필터와 액정 및 연관된 재료들을 이용한 제조공정, 그리고, TFT기판과 칼라필터의 접합공정 등은 사용하지 않으므로 LCD 공정에 비해 제조원가를 획기적으로 절감할 수 있다. 이는 비단 LCD 뿐만이 아니라 OLED 등의 기 확립된 프로세스를 적용하는 것도 가능하다.Furthermore, the touch panel of the present invention basically installs the TFT 40, which is a three-terminal switching element, in each touch cell 60. The TFT 40 has many advantages in that it is an element already verified in LCD or AMOLED. Has For example, the touch panel of the present invention can be manufactured using a process of manufacturing a TFT substrate in a manufacturing process such as an LCD almost as it is. This not only facilitates mass production, but also enables stable quality and low cost manufacturing. In addition, only the manufacturing process of the TFT substrate of the LCD is used, and the manufacturing process using the color filter, the liquid crystal and related materials, and the bonding process of the TFT substrate and the color filter are not used. Can be. This can be applied not only to LCD but also to established processes such as OLED.
본 발명에서 각 터치셀(60)에 3단자형 스위칭소자인 TFT(40)를 설치함에 따른 가장 큰 장점은, TFT(40)를 이용하여 각 터치셀(60)에서의 신호들을 구획시킴으로써, 멀티 터치에 대한 인식을 가능하게 한다는 점이다.In the present invention, the biggest advantage of installing the three-terminal switching element TFT 40 in each touch cell 60, by separating the signals in each touch cell 60 by using the TFT 40, It enables the recognition of touch.
앞서 언급한 실시예들은 본 발명의 기본적인 구조를 보여준다. 본 발명의 터치 패널은 위와 같은 기본적인 구조를 바탕으로 하여 다양한 실시태양을 갖는다. 예컨대, 기판(30) 상에는 게이트신호선(36) 및 보조신호선(37) 등 보다 많은 수의 신호선들이 배치될 수 있다. 또한, 각 터치셀(60)은 복수의 스위칭소자(42, 44)로 구성되거나, 한 쌍의 도전패드(50a, 50b)로 구성되거나, 커패시터(54)가 부가되어 구성될 수 있다. 도 8 내지 도 18은 이러한 본 발명의 다양한 실시태양들을 보여준다. 이하에서는 도 8 내지 18을 참조하여, 본 발명의 실시태양에 대하여 보다 구체적으로 설명한다.The above-mentioned embodiments show the basic structure of the present invention. The touch panel of the present invention has various embodiments based on the above basic structure. For example, a larger number of signal lines, such as the gate signal line 36 and the auxiliary signal line 37, may be disposed on the substrate 30. In addition, each touch cell 60 may include a plurality of switching elements 42 and 44, a pair of conductive pads 50a and 50b, or a capacitor 54 added thereto. 8-18 show various embodiments of this invention. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 8 to 18.
도 8 및 9는 신체의 정전기를 이용하여 TFT(40)의 상태를 변화시키는 실시예들을 보인 구성도이다. 도 3의 실시예와는 달리 제1신호선(32)은 제2신호선(34)과 평행하게 설치되어 있으나 이는 전술한 바와 같이 직교 또는 사선배치가 가능하다. 통상 TFT(40)의 게이트단자 임피던스는 수~수십 Mega ohm으로 상당히 높기 때문에, 게이트단자를 플로팅 상태로 만들면 사람의 손가락(25) 등이 게이트단자에 접촉되었을 때 신체에서 발생하는 정전기를 이용하여 TFT(40)를 턴 온/오프시킬 수 있다. 본 실시예는 이처럼 신체의 정전기를 이용하여 TFT(40)의 상태를 변화시킴으로써 터치 신호를 획득하는 터치 패널을 제공한다.8 and 9 are diagrams showing embodiments in which the state of the TFT 40 is changed by using static electricity of the body. Unlike the embodiment of FIG. 3, the first signal line 32 is installed in parallel with the second signal line 34, but it may be arranged orthogonally or diagonally as described above. Generally, the gate terminal impedance of the TFT 40 is quite high, ranging from several to several tens of mega ohms. Therefore, when the gate terminal is floated, the TFT is made by using static electricity generated in the body when a human finger 25 or the like contacts the gate terminal. 40 may be turned on / off. This embodiment provides a touch panel that obtains a touch signal by changing the state of the TFT 40 using the static electricity of the body as described above.
도 8을 참조하면, 도 3에 도시된 기본 구성에 더하여, 기판(30) 상에는 복수의 게이트신호선(36)이 더 배치되며, 각 터치셀(60)은 도전패드(50)와 게이트신호선(36) 사이에 접속되는 커패시터(54)를 더 포함하여 구성된다.Referring to FIG. 8, in addition to the basic configuration shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of gate signal lines 36 are further disposed on the substrate 30, and each touch cell 60 includes a conductive pad 50 and a gate signal line 36. It is configured to further include a capacitor 54 connected between).
본 실시예에서 터치위치 검출부(70)는 각각의 게이트신호선(36)에 순차적으로 스캔펄스를 인가한다. 그리고, 앞서 살펴본 도 6의 파형도에서와 달리 제1신호선(32)에 인가되는 위치검출신호는 시분할 신호일 필요는 없으며, 단지 게이트신호가 인가될 때 ON 상태를 유지하면 된다. 즉, 게이트신호 G1, G2, G3 중 어느 하나가 ON 될 경우에 Dn은 ON 상태를 유지하며, G1, G2, G3 사이의 휴지기에 Dn 신호 역시 휴지기를 갖는다. 물론, Dn은 연속적으로 인가될 수도 있다. 본 실시예에서, 게이트신호의 게이트 OFF 전압은 네거티브(negative)전압이며, 게이트 ON 전압은 영(zero)전압 또는 포지티브(positive)전압으로서, 게이트에 인가되는 전압은 제1신호선(32)에 인가되는 전압과의 관계에서 설정된다.In this embodiment, the touch position detector 70 sequentially applies scan pulses to the gate signal lines 36. Unlike the waveform diagram of FIG. 6 described above, the position detection signal applied to the first signal line 32 does not need to be a time division signal, but merely needs to be kept in an ON state when a gate signal is applied. That is, when any one of the gate signals G1, G2, and G3 is turned ON, Dn is maintained in the ON state, and the Dn signal also has a pause in the resting period between G1, G2, and G3. Of course, Dn may be applied continuously. In this embodiment, the gate OFF voltage of the gate signal is a negative voltage, the gate ON voltage is a zero voltage or a positive voltage, and a voltage applied to the gate is applied to the first signal line 32. It is set in relation to the voltage to be made.
만약, 도 8의 실시예에서 어느 하나의 터치셀(60)에서 터치가 발생한다면, 커패시터(54)는 신체의 정전기에 의해 발생된 전하를 저장한다. 이때, 해당 터치셀(60)의 게이트단자에 게이트 OFF 전압이 인가된 상태라면, 커패시터(54)가 충전중이거나 완전히 충전되었어도 커패시터(54)의 기저전압이 낮으므로 TFT(40)는 도통되지 못한다. 만약, 해당 터치셀(60)에 게이트 온(ON) 신호가 인가되면, 충전되지 않은 터치셀의 게이트 전위보다 상승되어 TFT(40)가 도통된다. 따라서, 제2신호선(34)으로 입수되는 신호를 감지하여 터치 신호를 획득할 수 있다.If the touch occurs in any one of the touch cells 60 in the embodiment of Figure 8, the capacitor 54 stores the charge generated by the static electricity of the body. At this time, if the gate OFF voltage is applied to the gate terminal of the touch cell 60, even if the capacitor 54 is being charged or fully charged, the base voltage of the capacitor 54 is low so that the TFT 40 is not conductive. . If the gate ON signal is applied to the touch cell 60, the TFT 40 is turned on by being raised above the gate potential of the uncharged touch cell. Therefore, the touch signal may be obtained by sensing the signal received through the second signal line 34.
이때, 커패시터(54)의 충전에 의해 도통되기 위해서 게이트 ON 전압은 영전압 또는 포지티브전압으로 선택되어야 한다. 그리고, 위치검출신호 Dn의 전압 역시 게이트에 인가되는 전압보다 3V 이상 낮을수록 좋다. 통상 신체에 의해 생성되는 전기는 3V 내외라고 알려져 있다. 따라서, 커패시터(54)의 충전전하량이 3V 또는 4V에 불과하고 이 전압이 게이트에 온전히 인가된다면, 5V의 Dn 전압이 제공될 때 TFT(40)는 도통되지 않는다. 만약, Dn 전압이 1V라면 신체에 의해 생성되는 3V의 낮은 충전전압에서도 TFT(40)의 안정된 도통을 보장할 수 있을 것이다.At this time, in order to be conducted by the charging of the capacitor 54, the gate ON voltage should be selected as zero voltage or positive voltage. Further, the voltage of the position detection signal Dn is also lower by 3 V or more than the voltage applied to the gate. Usually, electricity generated by the body is known to be around 3V. Thus, if the charge charge of the capacitor 54 is only 3V or 4V and this voltage is applied to the gate in its entirety, the TFT 40 is not conducting when a Dn voltage of 5V is provided. If the Dn voltage is 1V, stable conduction of the TFT 40 may be ensured even at a low charge voltage of 3V generated by the body.
도 9의 실시예는 도 3에 도시된 기본 구성에 더하여, 기판(30) 상에 복수의 게이트신호선(36)과 보조신호선(37)이 더 배치되며, 각 터치셀(60)은 제1신호선(32)에 입력단자가 연결되는 제1스위칭소자(42)와, 제1스위칭소자(42)의 게이트단자에 접속되는 도전패드(50)와, 제1스위칭소자(42)의 출력단자에 입력단자가 연결되고 제2신호선(34)에 출력단자가 연결되며 게이트신호선(36)에 게이트단자가 연결되는 제2스위칭소자(44)와, 제1스위칭소자(42)의 출력단자와 보조신호선(37) 사이에 접속되는 커패시터(54)로 구성된다.9, in addition to the basic configuration shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of gate signal lines 36 and auxiliary signal lines 37 are further disposed on the substrate 30, and each touch cell 60 includes a first signal line. Input to the first switching element 42, the conductive terminal 50 connected to the gate terminal of the first switching element 42, and the output terminal of the first switching element 42 connected to the input terminal (32) A second switching element 44 having a terminal connected thereto, an output terminal connected to the second signal line 34, and a gate terminal connected to the gate signal line 36; an output terminal and an auxiliary signal line 37 of the first switching element 42. Is composed of a capacitor 54 connected between them.
본 실시예에서도 터치위치 검출부(70)는 각각의 게이트신호선(36)에 순차적으로 스캔펄스를 인가한다. 그리고, 보조신호선(37)에는 게이트신호 Gn과 동기되는 신호를 인가하거나 그라운드(Ground)를 상시 인가할 수도 있다. 위치검출신호 Dn은 항상 Hi 상태의 펄스가 인가되거나 Gn과 동기되어 인가될 수도 있다.Also in this embodiment, the touch position detector 70 sequentially applies scan pulses to the respective gate signal lines 36. In addition, a signal synchronized with the gate signal Gn may be applied to the auxiliary signal line 37, or ground may be applied at all times. The position detection signal Dn may always be applied with a pulse in the Hi state or may be applied in synchronization with Gn.
본 실시예에서는, 게이트 OFF 전압은 -7V로 선택되며, ON 전압은 15V로 선택된다. 보조신호선을 통해 인가되는 보조신호는 게이트신호에 동기되어 게이트신호가 Hi이면 Hi 레벨의 신호가 인가되고 게이트신호가 Low이면 Low 레벨의 신호가 인가된다. 보조신호는 Hi 레벨에서 0V, Low 레벨에서 -15V의 전위를 갖는 것이 바람직하다. 물론, 이러한 전압레벨들은 가정적 예시에 불과하며 신호의 상대적 크기에 따라 다양하게 선택될 수 있다.In this embodiment, the gate OFF voltage is selected as -7V, and the ON voltage is selected as 15V. The auxiliary signal applied through the auxiliary signal line is synchronized with the gate signal so that a high level signal is applied when the gate signal is Hi, and a low level signal is applied when the gate signal is Low. The auxiliary signal preferably has a potential of 0V at the Hi level and -15V at the Low level. Of course, these voltage levels are only hypothetical examples and may be variously selected according to the relative magnitude of the signal.
만약, 신체가 어느 일측 터치셀(60)에 접촉된다면, 해당 터치셀(60)의 도전패드(50)에 가해지는 신체의 정전기에 의해 제1TFT(42)가 도통되며 이때 커패시터(54)가 충전된다. 게이트신호선(36)을 통해 게이트신호가 인가되면 이와 동기하여 보조신호선(37)을 통해 커패시터(54)의 타단에도 보조신호의 Hi 레벨 전압이 인가된다. 따라서, 커패시터(54)에 충전된 전압이 제2스위칭소자(44)를 통해 도통되어 제2신호선(34)을 통해 위치검출신호를 입수할 수 있게 된다. 그리고 터치위치 검출부(70)는 입수된 위치검출신호를 판독하여 터치 신호를 획득한다.If the body is in contact with one of the touch cells 60, the first TFT 42 is turned on by the static electricity of the body applied to the conductive pad 50 of the touch cell 60, and the capacitor 54 is charged. do. When the gate signal is applied through the gate signal line 36, the Hi level voltage of the auxiliary signal is also applied to the other end of the capacitor 54 through the auxiliary signal line 37 in synchronization with this. Accordingly, the voltage charged in the capacitor 54 is conducted through the second switching element 44 so that the position detection signal can be obtained through the second signal line 34. The touch position detector 70 reads the acquired position detection signal to obtain a touch signal.
도 9의 실시예에서는, 한 주기의 판독을 마친 후 다음 주기의 판독을 위하여 커패시터(54)에 충전된 전하를 방전시켜야 하며, 이를 위한 일 실시예로 모든 게이트신호선(36)에 15V를 인가하여 모든 제2TFT(44)를 통전시킨 후, 제2신호선(34)에 영전압(zero voltage)를 인가할 수 있다. 이와 같은 커패시터(54)의 방전동작은 다음 주기의 판독을 위한 짧은 대기시간동안 행해질 수 있다.In the embodiment of FIG. 9, after completion of one cycle of reading, the charge charged in the capacitor 54 must be discharged for reading of the next cycle. As an example, 15V is applied to all the gate signal lines 36. After all of the second TFTs 44 are energized, zero voltage may be applied to the second signal lines 34. This discharging operation of the capacitor 54 can be performed for a short waiting time for the reading of the next period.
한편, 도 8 및 9의 실시예는 단지 일실시예들에 불과할 뿐, 당업자라면 본 발명의 기술사상에 의해 스위칭소자와 커패시터 등을 부가하여 다른 형태의 회로 구성을 갖도록 설계할 수도 있을 것이다.On the other hand, the embodiment of Figures 8 and 9 is only one embodiment, those skilled in the art may be designed to have a different configuration of the circuit by adding a switching element and a capacitor, etc. by the technical idea of the present invention.
도 10은 신체의 전기도체 특성을 이용하여 TFT(40)의 상태를 변화시키는 실시예를 보인 구성도이다. 통상 사람의 몸은 대부분 물로 구성되어 있고 많은 이온을 함유하고 있으므로 좋은 도전체로서 역할 할 수 있다. 예컨대, 서로 다른 전위를 가진 2개의 도전성 패드에 신체가 접촉하면 두 도전성 패드를 통전시킬 수 있다. 신체의 저항성분이 커서 신호의 간격이 큰 경우 두 도전성 패드를 통전시키는 것이 어렵지만, 본 발명에서와 같이 신호의 간격이 수 ㎲ 정도인 경우 신체에 의해 두 도전성 패드를 통전시키는 것이 가능할 것이다.10 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment in which the state of the TFT 40 is changed by using the electric conductor characteristics of the body. Usually, the human body is composed mostly of water and contains a lot of ions, so it can serve as a good conductor. For example, when the body contacts two conductive pads having different potentials, the two conductive pads can be energized. It is difficult to energize the two conductive pads when the resistance component of the body is large and the signal gap is large. However, as shown in the present invention, it may be possible to energize the two conductive pads by the body when the signal interval is several degrees.
도 10을 참조하면, 도 3의 실시예에 더하여, 기판(30) 상에는 복수의 게이트신호선(36)이 더 배치된다. 그리고, 각 터치셀(60)에서 도전패드(50)는 TFT(40)의 게이트단자에 접속되는 제1도전패드(50a)와, 이 제1도전패드(50a)와 이격 배치되며 게이트신호선(36)에 접속되는 제2도전패드(50b)가 쌍을 이루어 형성된다. 본 실시예에서도 터치위치 검출부(70)는 각각의 게이트신호선(36)에 순차적으로 스캔펄스를 인가한다. 그리고, 제1신호선(32)에 인가되는 위치검출신호는 항상 Hi 상태의 펄스이거나 어느 하나의 게이트신호 Gn이 ON되는 경우 ON 상태를 유지할 수 있는 신호이다.Referring to FIG. 10, in addition to the embodiment of FIG. 3, a plurality of gate signal lines 36 are further disposed on the substrate 30. In each touch cell 60, the conductive pad 50 is spaced apart from the first conductive pad 50a connected to the gate terminal of the TFT 40 and the first conductive pad 50a, and the gate signal line 36 is spaced apart from the first conductive pad 50a. The second conductive pads 50b connected to are formed in pairs. Also in this embodiment, the touch position detector 70 sequentially applies scan pulses to the respective gate signal lines 36. The position detection signal applied to the first signal line 32 is always a pulse in the Hi state or a signal capable of maintaining the ON state when any one of the gate signals Gn is ON.
도 11은 도 10의 실시예에서 도전패드의 배치 예를 보인 것으로서, 기판(30) 상에서 각 터치셀(60)이 형성되는 모양을 예시한 것이다. 이를 참조하면, 기판(30)의 종방향으로 제1신호선(32)이 배선되며, 횡방향으로는 제2신호선(34)과 게이트신호선(36)이 배선된다. 제1도전패드(50a) 및 제2도전패드(50b)는 각각 오목부(51)와 볼록부(53)가 연속하는 톱니 모양으로 형성되며, 상호 오목부(51)와 볼록부(53)가 소정 간극 이격된 상태로 치합하도록 배치된다. 이러한 도전패드(50)의 배치에 따르면, 제1도전패드(50a)와 제2도전패드(50b)가 극도로 미세한 간격을 유지할 수 있으며, 터치셀(60)의 어느 영역에 신체가 접촉하여도 두 도전패드(50a, 50b)가 통전될 수 있다. 또한, 신체가 아닌 철제필기구와 같은 도전체에 의해서도 두 도전패드(50a, 50b)를 통전시킬 수 있다.FIG. 11 illustrates an example of arranging conductive pads in the embodiment of FIG. 10, and illustrates a shape in which each touch cell 60 is formed on the substrate 30. Referring to this, the first signal line 32 is wired in the longitudinal direction of the substrate 30, and the second signal line 34 and the gate signal line 36 are wired in the horizontal direction. Each of the first conductive pad 50a and the second conductive pad 50b is formed in a sawtooth shape in which the concave portion 51 and the convex portion 53 are continuous, and the concave portion 51 and the convex portion 53 are formed. It is arranged to engage in a state spaced apart by a predetermined gap. According to the arrangement of the conductive pads 50, the first conductive pads 50a and the second conductive pads 50b may be maintained at extremely minute intervals, and no matter where the body comes into contact with any area of the touch cell 60. Both conductive pads 50a and 50b may be energized. In addition, the two conductive pads 50a and 50b can be energized by a conductor such as an iron styling mechanism instead of the body.
도 11에 도시된 바와 같이, TFT(40)의 게이트전극(56)은 제1도전패드(50a)에 접속된다. TFT(40)의 소스전극(57)은 제1신호선(32)에 접속되며, 드레인전극(58)은 제2신호선(34)에 접속된다. 기판(30) 상에서 각 신호선들은 절연된 게이트메탈과 소스메탈로 이루어지며, TFT(40)의 각 전극들도 절연된 게이트메탈 및 소스메탈과 아몰퍼스실리콘으로 이루어진 다층 구조로 형성된다. 그리고 도전패드(50) 및 TFT(40)를 신호선들에 접속하기 위해서 ITO를 이용한 contact공정의 접속점(59)이 사용된다. 도 11에 도시된 접속점(59)은 일실시예이며 터치 패널의 제조공정에 따라 접속점(59)의 수는 가감될 수 있다.As shown in FIG. 11, the gate electrode 56 of the TFT 40 is connected to the first conductive pad 50a. The source electrode 57 of the TFT 40 is connected to the first signal line 32, and the drain electrode 58 is connected to the second signal line 34. Each signal line on the substrate 30 is made of an insulated gate metal and a source metal, and each electrode of the TFT 40 is also formed of an insulated gate metal and a multilayer structure made of a source metal and amorphous silicon. And the connection point 59 of the contact process using ITO is used to connect the conductive pad 50 and the TFT 40 to the signal lines. The connection point 59 shown in FIG. 11 is one embodiment, and the number of connection points 59 may be added or subtracted according to the manufacturing process of the touch panel.
본 실시예에서, 만약 신체가 어느 일측 터치셀(60)에 접촉된다면, 쌍을 이루는 두 도전패드(50a, 50b)가 통전되면서, 게이트신호선(36)을 통해 게이트신호가 인가될 때 TFT(40)가 도통된다. 따라서, 터치위치 검출부(70)는 제2신호선(34)을 통해 위치검출신호를 입수하여 터치 신호를 획득할 수 있다. 만약, 도 10에서 G3 신호가 인가될 때 S3 신호가 입수된다면, 터치위치 검출부(70)는 "D3, S3"의 좌표값을 획득할 수 있을 것이다.In this embodiment, if the body is in contact with either one of the touch cells 60, the pair of conductive pads 50a, 50b are energized, and when the gate signal is applied through the gate signal line 36, the TFT 40 ) Is conducted. Therefore, the touch position detector 70 may acquire the position detection signal through the second signal line 34 to obtain the touch signal. If the S3 signal is obtained when the G3 signal is applied in FIG. 10, the touch position detector 70 may acquire the coordinate values of "D3 and S3".
도 12 내지 18은 신체의 정전용량을 이용하여 신체가 도전패드(50)에 접촉하거나 접근함에 따라 TFT(40)의 상태가 변화하는 실시예들을 보여준다. 도 12를 참조하면, 사람의 손가락(25)이 본 발명의 기본 구성을 이루는 도전패드(50)에 접근했을 때, 손가락(25)과 도전패드(50)가 d의 간격을 갖는다면, 우측의 등가회로에서 보여지듯이 손가락(25)과 도전패드(50) 사이에는 정전용량 C가 존재하게 된다. 이는 대지가 가상의 접지(ground) 역할을 하기 때문이다. 통상 신체가 도전성 패드에 접촉할 때 대지를 가상의 접지로 하여 10~20 pF의 정전용량이 존재하며, 신체가 도전성 패드에 비접촉 상태로 접근할 경우 그 사이에 유전율 e인 물체의 유전율에 따라 대략 2~5 pF의 정전용량이 존재한다. 본 실시예는 이러한 신체의 정전용량 특성을 이용하여 접촉 또는 비접촉의 멀티 터치를 인식하는 터치 패널 구성을 제공한다.12 to 18 show embodiments in which the state of the TFT 40 changes as the body contacts or approaches the conductive pad 50 using the body's capacitance. Referring to FIG. 12, when the human finger 25 approaches the conductive pad 50 forming the basic configuration of the present invention, if the finger 25 and the conductive pad 50 have a distance d, As shown in the equivalent circuit, there is a capacitance C between the finger 25 and the conductive pad 50. This is because the earth acts as a virtual ground. In general, when the body contacts the conductive pad, the earth is virtually grounded, and there is a capacitance of 10 to 20 pF. When the body approaches the conductive pad in a non-contact state, the dielectric constant e is approximately depending on the dielectric constant of the object in between. There is a capacitance of 2 to 5 pF. This embodiment provides a touch panel configuration for recognizing contact or non-contact multi-touch using the capacitive characteristics of the body.
본 실시예는 신체의 터치를 비접촉 방식으로 인식할 수 있다. 이러한 비접촉 방식의 터치를 제공하는 것은 매우 큰 기술적 장점을 제공한다. 앞서 언급된 실시예들은 가벼운 접촉을 인식하는 구조이므로, 도전패드(50)가 기판(30)의 외부로 노출되도록 형성되어야 한다. 이때, 도전패드(50)가 긁히는 것을 방지하기 위해 투명도전체인 TNO 등으로 도전패드(50)의 표면을 코팅해야 하므로 공정비용의 상승을 야기할 수 있다. 하지만, 본 실시예에서는 비록 도시하지는 않았지만 필름이나 플라스틱 또는 유기절연막, 투과성접착제 등의 투명절연막으로 도전패드(50)를 포함한 터치셀(60)을 코팅할 수 있다. 또한, 도전패드(50)가 기판(30)의 배면에 위치하도록 설계함으로써 터치셀(60)의 상면에 코팅층을 형성하지 않을 수도 있다. 따라서, 도전패드(50)의 보호를 위한 공정비용 상승을 방지할 수 있으며, 도전패드(50)를 보다 안전하게 위치시켜 내구성을 향상시키고 보다 장수명화를 기대할 수 있다.In this embodiment, the touch of the body can be recognized in a non-contact manner. Providing such a touchless touch provides a very technical advantage. Since the above-mentioned embodiments recognize the light contact, the conductive pad 50 should be formed to be exposed to the outside of the substrate 30. In this case, in order to prevent the conductive pad 50 from being scratched, the surface of the conductive pad 50 should be coated with TNO, which is a transparent conductor, and thus may cause an increase in process cost. However, although not shown in the present embodiment, the touch cell 60 including the conductive pad 50 may be coated with a transparent insulating film such as a film, a plastic or an organic insulating film, and a transparent adhesive. In addition, since the conductive pad 50 is designed to be positioned on the rear surface of the substrate 30, the coating layer may not be formed on the upper surface of the touch cell 60. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an increase in the process cost for the protection of the conductive pad 50, and to position the conductive pad 50 more safely, thereby improving durability and expecting longer life.
도 13을 참조하면, 도 3의 기본 구성에 더하여, 기판(30) 상에 복수의 보조신호선(37)이 더 배치된다. 본 실시예에서, 각 터치셀(60)은 제1신호선(32)에 게이트단자가 연결되고 보조신호선(37)과 제2신호선(34) 각각에 입력단자와 출력단자가 연결되는 TFT(40)와, TFT(40)의 게이트단자에 접속되는 도전패드(50)로 구성된다. 본 실시예에서 터치위치 검출부(70)는 보조신호선(37)에 순차적으로 스캔펄스를 인가하여 TFT(40)의 도통에 의해 터치 위치를 확인한다.Referring to FIG. 13, in addition to the basic configuration of FIG. 3, a plurality of auxiliary signal lines 37 are further disposed on the substrate 30. In this embodiment, each touch cell 60 includes a TFT 40 having a gate terminal connected to the first signal line 32 and an input terminal and an output terminal connected to each of the auxiliary signal line 37 and the second signal line 34. And a conductive pad 50 connected to the gate terminal of the TFT 40. In this embodiment, the touch position detection unit 70 sequentially applies scan pulses to the auxiliary signal lines 37 to confirm the touch position by the conduction of the TFT 40.
단, 도 13의 실시예는 제1신호선(32)으로 인가되는 신호가 TFT(40)를 하이 임피던스(Hi Impedance)로 만들어 주는 역할을 해야 한다. 예를 들어, 드라이브IC(71)가 제1신호선(32)으로 필요한 신호를 출력한 후 제1신호선(32)을 하이 임피던스 상태로 유지시켜야 한다.However, in the embodiment of FIG. 13, a signal applied to the first signal line 32 should serve to make the TFT 40 high impedance. For example, after the drive IC 71 outputs the necessary signal to the first signal line 32, the first signal line 32 should be maintained in a high impedance state.
반면에, 도 14 이후의 실시예들은 2개의 스위칭소자(42, 44)를 이용하여 터치 위치를 검출하는 방안을 제공한다. 도 14 이후의 실시예들은 각 터치셀(60)에 2개의 스위칭소자(42, 44)가 설치되므로, 드라이브IC(71)에서 발원되어 제1신호선(32)으로 인가되는 출력이 하이 임피던스가 아니어도 제1TFT(42)에 의해 도전패드(50)에서의 신호는 하이 임피던스를 유지할 수 있다. 따라서, 비록 도 13의 실시예에 비해 투과율이 저하되는 문제점이 발생할 수 있으나, 신호의 처리가 더욱 용이하며 안정된 터치 위치 검출 방법을 제공한다.On the other hand, embodiments after FIG. 14 provide a method of detecting a touch position using two switching elements 42 and 44. 14 and 2, since two switching elements 42 and 44 are installed in each touch cell 60, the output from the drive IC 71 and applied to the first signal line 32 is not a high impedance. At least the first TFT 42 may maintain a high impedance signal at the conductive pad 50. Accordingly, although the transmittance may be lowered as compared with the embodiment of FIG. 13, the signal may be more easily processed and a stable touch position detection method may be provided.
도 14를 참조하면, 도 3의 기본 구성에 더하여, 기판(30) 상에 복수의 게이트신호선(36)과 보조신호선(37)이 더 배치된다. 본 실시예에서, 각 터치셀(60)은 제1신호선(32)에 입력단자가 연결되고 게이트신호선(36)에 게이트단자가 연결되는 제1TFT(42)와, 제1TFT(42)의 출력단자에 접속되는 도전패드(50)와, 제1TFT(42)의 출력단자에 게이트단자가 연결되고 보조신호선(37)에 입력단자가 연결되며 제2신호선(34)에 출력단자가 연결되는 제2TFT(44)로 구성된다. 본 실시예에서 터치위치 검출부(70)는 각각의 게이트신호선(36)에 순차적으로 스캔펄스를 인가하여 제1TFT(42)들을 순차적으로 도통시킨다. 또는, 게이트신호 Gn을 동시에 턴 온하여 신체와의 충전을 유도한 후 보조신호선(37)을 순차적으로 통전하여 터치위치를 확인 할 수도 있다.Referring to FIG. 14, in addition to the basic configuration of FIG. 3, a plurality of gate signal lines 36 and auxiliary signal lines 37 are further disposed on the substrate 30. In this embodiment, each touch cell 60 includes a first TFT 42 having an input terminal connected to the first signal line 32 and a gate terminal connected to the gate signal line 36, and an output terminal of the first TFT 42. A second TFT 44 connected to the conductive pad 50 connected to the first terminal 42, a gate terminal connected to an output terminal of the first TFT 42, an input terminal connected to the auxiliary signal line 37, and an output terminal connected to the second signal line 34. It is composed of In this embodiment, the touch position detector 70 sequentially applies the first pulses 42 by applying scan pulses to the respective gate signal lines 36. Alternatively, the gate signal Gn may be simultaneously turned on to induce charge with the body, and then the auxiliary signal line 37 may be sequentially energized to confirm the touch position.
도 15는 도 14의 실시예에서 단위 터치셀(60)의 구성예를 보인 평면도이다. 이를 참조하면, 기판(30)의 종방향으로 제1신호선(32)과 제2신호선(34)이 배선되며, 횡방향으로는 게이트신호선(36)과 보조신호선(37)이 배선된다. 터치셀(60) 내에서 충분한 영역을 확보하도록 도전패드(50)가 형성되며, 도전패드(50)는 신호선들(32, 34)과 오버랩되거나 신호선들(32, 34)로 구획된 영영보다 확장되어 형성될 수 있다. 상기 제1TFT(42)의 게이트전극(56)은 게이트신호선(36)에 접속되며, 소스전극(57)은 제1신호선(32)에 접속되고 드레인전극(58)은 도전패드(50)에 접속된다. 제2TFT(44)는 게이트전극(56)이 제1TFT(42)의 드레인전극(58)에 접속되며, 소스전극(57)이 보조신호선(37)에 접속되고 드레인전극(58)이 제2신호선(34)에 접속된다. 기판(30) 상에서 각 신호선들은 계층별로 소스메탈이나 게이트메탈로 형성되며, 각 TFT(42, 44)들의 단자들은 게이트메탈 및 소스메탈 그리고 아몰퍼스실리콘 등이 절연층에 의해 절연되는 다층 구조로 형성된다. 그리고 도전패드(50) 및 TFT(40)를 신호선들에 접속하기 위해서 ITO를 이용한 contact공정의 접속점(59)이 사용된다.FIG. 15 is a plan view illustrating a configuration example of the unit touch cell 60 in the embodiment of FIG. 14. Referring to this, the first signal line 32 and the second signal line 34 are wired in the longitudinal direction of the substrate 30, and the gate signal line 36 and the auxiliary signal line 37 are wired in the horizontal direction. The conductive pad 50 is formed to secure a sufficient area in the touch cell 60, and the conductive pad 50 is extended to zero overlapping the signal lines 32 and 34 or partitioned into the signal lines 32 and 34. Can be formed. The gate electrode 56 of the first TFT 42 is connected to the gate signal line 36, the source electrode 57 is connected to the first signal line 32, and the drain electrode 58 is connected to the conductive pad 50. do. In the second TFT 44, the gate electrode 56 is connected to the drain electrode 58 of the first TFT 42, the source electrode 57 is connected to the auxiliary signal line 37, and the drain electrode 58 is connected to the second signal line. It is connected to 34. Each signal line on the substrate 30 is formed of a source metal or a gate metal for each layer, and terminals of each of the TFTs 42 and 44 are formed in a multi-layer structure in which gate metal, source metal, amorphous silicon, and the like are insulated by an insulating layer. . And the connection point 59 of the contact process using ITO is used to connect the conductive pad 50 and the TFT 40 to the signal lines.
이때, 각 TFT(42. 44)의 최상면에는 광(light)을 차단하기 위한 레이어가 설치될 수 있다. 이는 각 TFT(42, 44)가 외부의 광에 반응하여 오작동하는 것을 방지하기 위함이다.At this time, a layer for blocking light may be provided on the top surface of each TFT 42. 44. This is to prevent the respective TFTs 42 and 44 from malfunctioning in response to external light.
도 16은 도 14의 실시예에서 터치 신호를 획득하는 예를 보인 파형도이다. 이를 참조하면, 터치위치 검출부(70)는 각 게이트신호선(36)에 순차적으로 스캔펄스를 제공한다. 터치위치 검출부(70)에 의해 제공되는 게이트신호 Gn은 제1TFT(42)의 게이트를 활성영역에 진입할 수 있도록 충분한 크기의 전압레벨을 갖는다. 예컨대, 게이트신호 Gn은 제1신호선(32)을 통해 송신되는 위치검출신호 Dn에 비해 3V 이상 크게 설정되는 것이 좋다. 바람직한 실시예로는 Dn의 Hi 전압레벨은 13V이며, Gn의 Hi 전압레벨은 18V이다. 또한, 제1TFT(42)를 안정적으로 턴 오프시키기 위하여 게이트 OFF 전압은 -5~-7V로 설정된다.16 is a waveform diagram illustrating an example of obtaining a touch signal in the embodiment of FIG. 14. Referring to this, the touch position detector 70 sequentially provides scan pulses to the gate signal lines 36. The gate signal Gn provided by the touch position detector 70 has a voltage level large enough to allow the gate of the first TFT 42 to enter the active region. For example, the gate signal Gn is preferably set to be 3V or more larger than the position detection signal Dn transmitted through the first signal line 32. In a preferred embodiment, the Hi voltage level of Dn is 13V and the Hi voltage level of Gn is 18V. In addition, in order to stably turn off the first TFT 42, the gate OFF voltage is set to -5 to -7V.
게이트신호 Gn은 각 신호들 사이에 충분한 관측시간을 갖는다. 이는 신체의 접근에 의해 신체의 손가락(25)과 도전패드(50)가 형성하는 가상의 커패시터가 충분한 충전시간을 갖도록 하기 위함이다. 도시된 바와 같이, G1과 G2 사이에는 충분한 관측시간1의 휴지기가 주어진다. 제1신호선(32)을 통해 인가되는 위치검출신호 Dn은 어느 하나의 Gn이 Hi인 경우 반드시 Hi를 유지하도록 제공되며, 바람직하게는 Gn이 휴지기를 가질 때 역시 약간의 휴지기를 갖는다.The gate signal Gn has sufficient observation time between each signal. This is to allow the virtual capacitor formed by the finger 25 and the conductive pad 50 of the body to have sufficient charging time by the approach of the body. As shown, a sufficient period of observation time 1 is given between G1 and G2. The position detection signal Dn applied through the first signal line 32 is provided to necessarily maintain Hi when any one of Gn is Hi, and preferably also has a slight rest when Gn has a rest period.
터치위치 검출부(70)는 보조신호선(37)을 통해 관측 전압을 제공한다. 보조신호선(37)을 통해 인가되는 신호 Auxn은 Gn이 Hi 레벨의 구간인 경우에는 반드시 Hi 레벨이어야 하며, 항상 Hi 레벨로 제공될 수도 있다. 보조신호 Auxn은 Hi 레벨에서 Dn에 의해 손가락(25)과 도전패드(50)간 충전되는 전압인 13V에 비해 3V 이상 낮은 관측전압을 제공한다. 예를 들어, Auxn의 관측전압은 5V 정도로 족하다.The touch position detector 70 provides the observation voltage through the auxiliary signal line 37. The signal Auxn applied through the auxiliary signal line 37 must be a Hi level when Gn is a Hi level section, and may be always provided at a Hi level. The auxiliary signal Auxn provides an observation voltage lower than 3V compared to 13V, which is a voltage charged between the finger 25 and the conductive pad 50 by Dn at the Hi level. For example, the observed voltage of Auxn is about 5V.
도 16을 참조하여 제2신호선(34)을 통해 입수되는 파형 및 이를 통해 터치 신호를 획득하는 과정을 설명하면 다음과 같다.A waveform obtained through the second signal line 34 and a process of obtaining a touch signal through the same will be described with reference to FIG. 16 as follows.
만약, 게이트신호 G1 및 G2가 인가되는 경우에서처럼, 게이트신호가 인가되고 그 후의 관측시간이 지났는데도 신체의 접근이 이루어지지 않는다면, 제2신호선(34)을 통해 입수되는 신호 Sn은 도시된 바와 같은 파형을 갖는다. 이는 신체의 접근이 이루어지지 않아 도전패드(50)에서 정전용량이 형성되지 않기 때문이다. 보다 상세하게, 게이트신호 G1이 인가될 때 제1TFT(42)가 도통되고, 이때 제2TFT(44)의 게이트단자에 인가되는 전압레벨은 보조신호선(37)을 통해 제2TFT(44)의 입력단자에 인가되는 전압레벨에 비해 크므로 제2TFT(44) 역시 도통된다. 그런데, 제2신호선(44)의 배선저항과 기생 정전용량이 존재하므로, 도시한 바와 같이 입수되는 신호 Sn은 Hi 레벨로 상승하는 구간 및 Low 레벨로 하강하는 구간에서 곡선을 갖게 된다. 도시된 바와 같이, G1에 의해 제1TFT(42)가 턴 오프되고 관측시간으로 변경된 직후부터, 제2TFT(44)의 게이트 전압이 급격하게 하강하여 입수되는 신호 Sn이 완전히 Low 레벨로 하강하기까지의 시간을 "T1"이라 하자. 단 본 파형도에서 입력신호 Dn에 비해 출력신호 Sn에서 발생되는 시간지연은 무시하였다.If, as in the case where the gate signals G1 and G2 are applied, if the gate signal is applied and the body is not accessible even after the observation time has passed, the signal Sn obtained through the second signal line 34 is as shown. Has a waveform. This is because the capacitance is not formed in the conductive pad 50 because the body is not accessible. More specifically, when the gate signal G1 is applied, the first TFT 42 is turned on, and the voltage level applied to the gate terminal of the second TFT 44 is input to the input terminal of the second TFT 44 through the auxiliary signal line 37. The second TFT 44 is also conductive since it is larger than the voltage level applied to the second TFT 44. However, since the wiring resistance and the parasitic capacitance of the second signal line 44 exist, the signal Sn obtained as shown in the figure has a curve in the section rising to the Hi level and the section falling to the Low level. As shown, from immediately after the first TFT 42 is turned off by G1 and changed to the observation time, the gate voltage of the second TFT 44 drops sharply until the acquired signal Sn falls completely to a low level. Let time be "T1". However, the time delay generated in the output signal Sn compared to the input signal Dn is ignored in the waveform diagram.
만약, 어느 시점에서 도 14에서의 우하단 터치셀(60)에 신체의 접근이 이루어진다면, 해당 터치셀(60)에서 도전패드(50)의 신체의 손가락(25) 사이에는 정전용량이 형성될 것이다. 도 16의 파형도에서 보여지듯이 G3가 Hi 레벨인 구간에서 터치가 발생하였다면, 손가락(25)이 근접하는 순간 가상의 커패시터가 형성된다. 이때, 도 16의 파형도에서 S3의 파형이 터치 발생시점에서 파형이 왜곡되듯이, 충전 초기에 충전전압의 변동이 있을 수 있다. 하지만, 곧 충전이 완료되면서 S3는 Hi 레벨로 상승한다.If the body approaches the lower right touch cell 60 in FIG. 14 at some point, a capacitance may be formed between the fingers 25 of the body of the conductive pad 50 in the touch cell 60. will be. As shown in the waveform diagram of FIG. 16, if a touch occurs in a section in which G3 is at the Hi level, a virtual capacitor is formed at the time when the finger 25 is near. At this time, as the waveform of S3 in the waveform diagram of FIG. 16 distorts the waveform at the time of touch generation, there may be a change in the charging voltage at the initial stage of charging. However, as soon as charging is complete, S3 rises to the Hi level.
그런데, G3 신호가 관측시간으로 모드가 변경되는 경우, 즉, G3가 OFF되는 경우, 가상의 커패시터에 충전된 전압이 방전되면서 제2TFT(44)의 게이트측 전압은 서서히 하강되며, 제2TFT(44)의 출력파형은 S3의 파형에서 보여지듯 고유의 출력특성을 보인다. 이때, Sn의 파형이 50% 이하로 저하되는데 걸리는 시간을 "T2"라 하자.However, when the mode of the G3 signal is changed to the observation time, that is, when the G3 is turned off, the gate-side voltage of the second TFT 44 gradually decreases while the voltage charged in the virtual capacitor is discharged, and the second TFT 44 ) Output waveform shows inherent output characteristics as shown in the waveform of S3. At this time, suppose that the time taken for the waveform of Sn to fall below 50% is "T2".
도 16의 파형도를 참조하면, T1과 T2는 상당한 시간 차이를 보임을 알 수 있다. 터치위치 검출부(70)는 위와 같이 Gn의 OFF 이후 제2신호선(34)을 통해 입수되는 신호 Sn의 파형이 하강하는 데 걸리는 시간 또는 일정시점에서의 하강전압을 판독하여, 터치 신호를 획득할 수 있다. 본 예시에서도 터치 신호는 게이트신호 G3의 OFF 이후 관측시간에서 S3가 획득되었으므로, 획득된 터치 신호는 "D3, S3"에 해당하는 좌표값이다.Referring to the waveform diagram of FIG. 16, it can be seen that T1 and T2 show a significant time difference. The touch position detector 70 may acquire a touch signal by reading a time taken for the waveform of the signal Sn received through the second signal line 34 to fall after the turning off of Gn or a falling voltage at a certain point in time. have. In this example, since the touch signal S3 is acquired at the observation time after the gate signal G3 is OFF, the obtained touch signal is a coordinate value corresponding to "D3, S3".
도 16의 실시예는 터치를 획득하기 위한 일 실시예이며 이와 다른 다른 방법으로도 터지지점을 획득하는 것이 가능하다. 예를 들어, 게이트신호 Gn을 모두 동시에 턴온하여 신체와 도전패드(50)간에 형성된 가상의 커패시터에 충전을 유도한 후 보조신호선(37)에 순차적으로 신호를 인가하여, 출력되는 파형을 관측하는 방법이다. 본 발명의 기술사상에 따라 터치 신호를 획득하는 방법을 여러 가지로 구사할 수 있음은 당업자에게 자명할 것이다.The embodiment of FIG. 16 is an embodiment for acquiring a touch, and it is also possible to acquire a popping point in another method. For example, a method of observing an output waveform by sequentially turning on all gate signals Gn to induce charging to a virtual capacitor formed between the body and the conductive pad 50, and then sequentially applying signals to the auxiliary signal lines 37. to be. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various methods of acquiring a touch signal may be used according to the technical idea of the present invention.
도 14에 도시된 실시예는 이와 같이 신체의 접근에 의해 발생되는 정전용량에 의해 터치 신호를 획득하는 실시예이다. 이때, 사람의 손가락(25)이 도전패드(50)에 닿는 경우를 예상해 볼 수 있다. 물론, 이 경우에도 수 pF의 정전용량이 발생하고 이를 이용하여 터치 신호를 획득할 수 있을 것이다. 하지만, 만약, 도전패드(50)에 부가적으로 실제 커패시터(54)를 접속한다면, 신체의 접촉에 의한 정전용량의 변화, 보다 상세하게는, 실제 커패시터(54)와 신체에 의해 형성되는 가상의 커패시터가 charge sharing을 하게 되고, 이에 따라 제2TFT(44)의 게이트측 전위를 떨어뜨리거나 충전시간을 더 길게 만들 것이다. 따라서, 이를 검출하면 신체의 접촉에 대하여 보다 안정적으로 터치 신호를 획득할 수 있을 것이다.14 is an embodiment in which the touch signal is acquired by the capacitance generated by the approach of the body as described above. At this time, it can be expected that the human finger 25 touches the conductive pad 50. Of course, even in this case, a capacitance of several pF may occur and a touch signal may be obtained using the capacitance. However, if the actual capacitor 54 is additionally connected to the conductive pad 50, the change in capacitance due to the contact of the body, more specifically, the virtual formed by the actual capacitor 54 and the body The capacitor will be charged sharing, which will lower the gate side potential of the second TFT 44 or make the charging time longer. Therefore, the detection of this will be able to obtain a touch signal more stably with respect to the contact of the body.
도 17 및 도 18은 위에서와 같이 신체가 접촉되는 경우 보다 안정적인 터치 신호 획득이 가능한 실시예들을 보여준다. 물론, 본 실시예에서는 신체의 비접촉에 의한 터치 신호 발생 역시 안정적으로 확보할 수 있다.17 and 18 illustrate embodiments in which a more stable touch signal can be obtained when a body is in contact as described above. Of course, in the present embodiment, the generation of the touch signal due to the non-contact of the body can also be stably ensured.
도 17을 참조하면, 도 14의 실시예에 더하여, 제1TFT(42)의 출력단자와 보조신호선(37) 사이에 커패시터(54)가 더 접속된다. 본 실시예에서도 터치위치 검출부(70)는 각 게이트신호선(36)에 순차적으로 스캔펄스를 인가하며, 또는 모든 게이트신호선(36)에 동일한 게이트신호를 인가할 수도 있다.Referring to FIG. 17, in addition to the embodiment of FIG. 14, a capacitor 54 is further connected between the output terminal of the first TFT 42 and the auxiliary signal line 37. Also in the present embodiment, the touch position detector 70 may sequentially apply scan pulses to the gate signal lines 36 or may apply the same gate signal to all the gate signal lines 36.
본 실시예에서는 게이트신호 Gn과 관측을 위한 보조신호 Auxn이 반드시 연동될 필요가 없으며, 독립적으로 인가될 수 있다. 단, Gn에 의해 커패시터(54)가 충전된 이후 너무 많은 시간이 경과하면 커패시터(54)에서 자유방전이 발생하여 관측이 되지 않을 수 있으므로, 보조신호 Auxn은 Gn에 의해 커패시터(54)가 충전된 이후 즉시 인가되는 것이 바람직하다.In this embodiment, the gate signal Gn and the auxiliary signal Auxn for observation do not necessarily need to be interlocked and may be applied independently. However, if too much time elapses after the capacitor 54 is charged by Gn, free discharge may occur in the capacitor 54, and thus the auxiliary signal Auxn is charged by the capacitor 54 by Gn. It is then preferred to apply immediately.
일 실시예로서 Gn의 ON 전압은 15V로 한다. Gn이 인가될 때 Dn도 인가되며 제2TFT(44)의 게이트단자에 접속된 커패시터(54)를 충전시킨다. Dn의 Hi 레벨 전위는 제2TFT(44)를 ON 시키는 전압이므로 Gn과의 관계를 고려하여 약 10V가 적당하다. Dn은 커패시터(54)를 충전시킬 정도로 충분한 시간동안 제공된다.In one embodiment, the ON voltage of Gn is 15V. When Gn is applied, Dn is also applied to charge the capacitor 54 connected to the gate terminal of the second TFT 44. Since the Hi level potential of Dn is a voltage for turning on the second TFT 44, about 10 V is appropriate in consideration of the relationship with Gn. Dn is provided for a time sufficient to charge the capacitor 54.
제2TFT(44) 게이트의 전압이 입력단자 Auxn의 전압보다 3V 이상 크므로 제2TFT(44)는 항상 턴 온 상태이다. 만약 관측을 위한 보조신호 Auxn이 인가되는 시점에서 우하단 터치셀(60)에서 신체의 접촉이 이루어진다면, 커패시터(54)에 저장된 전하가 방출하여 신체에 의해 형성되는 가상의 커패시터로 이동하며, 이는 두 커패시터의 전위가 동일해질 때까지 계속된다. 커패시터(54)의 충전용량이 신체에 의해 형성되는 가상의 커패시터보다 충분히 적으면 이러한 charge sharing이 발생하면서 제2TFT(44)의 게이트에 인가되는 전압이 보조전압 Auxn과의 크기 관계에 있어서, 제2TFT(44)를 턴 온 시키지 못하거나 출력신호 Sn의 크기가 저하되는 시점이 발생하며, 이를 판독하여 터치 신호를 획득한다. 본 예시에서도 획득되는 터치 신호는 "D3, S3"에 해당하는 좌표값이다.Since the voltage of the gate of the second TFT 44 is greater than or equal to 3V than the voltage of the input terminal Auxn, the second TFT 44 is always turned on. If the body makes contact with the lower right touch cell 60 at the time when the auxiliary signal Auxn is applied for observation, the charge stored in the capacitor 54 is released and moves to the virtual capacitor formed by the body. Continue until the potentials of the two capacitors are equal. If the charge capacity of the capacitor 54 is sufficiently smaller than the imaginary capacitor formed by the body, such charge sharing occurs and the voltage applied to the gate of the second TFT 44 has a magnitude relationship with the auxiliary voltage Auxn. A point of time at which the 44 is not turned on or the magnitude of the output signal Sn decreases occurs, and the touch signal is obtained by reading this. The touch signal obtained in this example is also a coordinate value corresponding to "D3, S3".
도 18을 참조하면, 보조신호선(37)이 제1보조신호선(37a)과 제2보조신호선(37b)으로 구분되어 제공된다. 그리고, 커패시터(54)의 일단부는 제1보조신호선(37a)에 연결되고, 제2TFT(44)의 입력단자는 제2보조신호선(37b)에 연결된다.Referring to FIG. 18, the auxiliary signal line 37 is divided into a first auxiliary signal line 37a and a second auxiliary signal line 37b. One end of the capacitor 54 is connected to the first auxiliary signal line 37a, and the input terminal of the second TFT 44 is connected to the second auxiliary signal line 37b.
본 실시예는 단지 관측을 위한 보조신호와 상태 모니터링을 위한 보조신호를 분리한다는 점이 다를 뿐 나머지는 도 17의 실시예와 동일하다. 관측을 위한 제1보조신호선(37a)으로는 보조신호 Aux1-n이 인가되며, 모니터링을 위한 제2보조신호선(37b)으로는 보조신호 Aux2-n이 인가된다.This embodiment differs only in that it separates an auxiliary signal for observation and an auxiliary signal for condition monitoring, and the rest is the same as the embodiment of FIG. 17. An auxiliary signal Aux1-n is applied to the first auxiliary signal line 37a for observation, and an auxiliary signal Aux2-n is applied to the second auxiliary signal line 37b for monitoring.
본 실시예에서 Gn의 ON 전압은 18V로 한다. Dn의 Hi 레벨 전위는 제2TFT(44)를 ON 시키는 전압으로 약 12V가 적당하다. 관측을 위한 보조신호 Aux1-n은 일 실시예로서 Low 레벨에서 -18V, Hi 레벨에서 0V의 전위를 갖게 할 수 있다. 예컨대, 보조신호 Aux1-n이 Low 레벨이고 커패시터(54)가 충전되었을 때 제2TFT(44)의 게이트측 전위가 -6V로 내려가므로, 이보다 큰 전위를 갖는 제2 보조신호선(37b)에 대해 제2TFT(44)는 도통되지 않는다. 또한, Aux1-n의 Hi 레벨(즉, zero 볼트)에서 Dn의 Hi 레벨 전위가 12V이므로, 이보다 3V 정도 이하로 작은 보조신호 Aux2-n에 대해 제2TFT(44)의 안정된 도통을 보장한다. 보조신호 Aux2-n은 Aux1-n의 신호와 동기되는 것이 바람직하며, Aux2-n의 Hi 레벨에서의 전위 및 Low 레벨에서의 전위 역시 Aux1-n과 일치되는 것이 바람직하다.In this embodiment, the ON voltage of Gn is 18V. The high level potential of Dn is about 12V as a voltage for turning on the second TFT 44. The auxiliary signal Aux1-n for observation may have a potential of −18V at a low level and 0V at a Hi level as an embodiment. For example, when the auxiliary signal Aux1-n is at a low level and the capacitor 54 is charged, the gate-side potential of the second TFT 44 is lowered to -6V, so that the second auxiliary signal line 37b having a larger potential than that is provided. 2TFT 44 is not conductive. In addition, since the Hi level potential of Dn is 12V at the Hi level of Aux1-n (that is, zero volts), stable conduction of the second TFT 44 is ensured for the auxiliary signal Aux2-n smaller than about 3V. The auxiliary signal Aux2-n is preferably synchronized with the signal of Aux1-n, and the potential at the Hi level and the potential at the Low level of Aux2-n are also preferably matched with Aux1-n.
도 17 및 18의 실시예는 커패시터(54)의 정전용량을 다양하게 선택하여 charge sharing 이후에 제2TFT(44)의 게이트측에 인가되는 전압을 조절할 수 있으며, 이는 곧 터치가 이루어졌을 때 Sn 신호의 파형 하강 기울기를 결정하는 요소가 된다. 즉, 커패시터(54)를 부가함으로써, 각 신호들의 전압레벨 선택의 폭이 넓어지며 Sn 신호의 하강 기울기를 보다 완만하게 하여 터치 신호를 안정적으로 획득할 수 있게 된다.17 and 18 may vary the capacitance of the capacitor 54 to adjust the voltage applied to the gate side of the second TFT 44 after charge sharing, which is a Sn signal when a touch is made. It is an element that determines the slope of the waveform falling. That is, by adding the capacitor 54, the width of the voltage level selection of each signal can be widened, and the falling slope of the Sn signal can be made more gentle to obtain a touch signal stably.
한편, 전술한 바와 같이 도 12 내지 18의 실시예들은 신체의 정전용량을 이용한 터치 위치 검출 방식을 보여주는데, 이 실시예들은 터치셀(60)을 구성하는 도전패드(50)가 노출될 필요가 없다. 따라서, 도시하지는 않았지만 기판(30)의 일면에 터치셀(60)을 구성하는 요소들을 보호하는 투명절연막을 코팅할 수 있다. 이러한 투명절연막은 도전체를 코팅하는 공정에 비해 제조공정이 용이하고, 패널의 내구성을 향상시키는 장점을 제공한다. 나아가서, 투명절연막에 의해 신체가 도전패드(50)에 더욱 근접할 수 있으며, 이는 신체의 접근에 의해 가상의 커패시턴스가 형성될 때 분모의 거리항목을 작게 하여 가상의 커패시턴스 값을 크게 해주는 장점을 발생시킨다.Meanwhile, as described above, the embodiments of FIGS. 12 to 18 show a touch position detection method using the capacitance of the body, and the embodiments do not need to expose the conductive pad 50 constituting the touch cell 60. . Accordingly, although not shown, a transparent insulating film may be coated on one surface of the substrate 30 to protect elements constituting the touch cell 60. Such a transparent insulating film is easy to manufacture compared to the process of coating a conductor, and provides an advantage of improving the durability of the panel. Furthermore, the body may be closer to the conductive pad 50 by the transparent insulating film, which generates an advantage of increasing the virtual capacitance value by reducing the distance item of the denominator when the virtual capacitance is formed by the approach of the body. Let's do it.
다른 한편으로, 앞서 언급한 실시예들은 신체의 접근 또는 접촉에 의해 터치 신호를 획득하는 방법에 대하여 언급하였지만, 신체가 아닌 다른 터치수단(예컨대, 고압의 방사전압형 터치 펜 등과 같은)의 접촉 또는 접근에 의해서도 터치 신호를 획득할 수 있을 것임은 당업자에게 자명하다 할 것이다.On the other hand, the above-mentioned embodiments have described a method of acquiring a touch signal by the approach or contact of the body, but the touch or contact of other touch means (such as a high-pressure radiation voltage touch pen, etc.) other than the body. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a touch signal may also be obtained by an approach.
이상 설명한 본 발명은 전술한 실시예 및 첨부된 도면에 의해 한정되는 것이 아니고, 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 여러 가지 치환, 변형 및 변경이 가능하다는 것이, 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 있어 명백할 것이다.The present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and various substitutions, modifications, and changes are possible in the technical field of the present invention without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It will be clear to those of ordinary knowledge.

Claims (7)

  1. 신체를 포함한 터치수단의 접촉 또는 접근을 감지하여 해당 위치에 대응하는 좌표신호를 발생시키는 터치 패널에 있어서,In the touch panel for detecting the contact or approach of the touch means including the body to generate a coordinate signal corresponding to the corresponding position,
    광투과성 재료로 구성된 기판(30);A substrate 30 made of a light transmissive material;
    상기 기판(30)의 일면에 배치되며 위치검출신호 입출력을 위한 복수의 제1신호선(32) 및 제2신호선(34);A plurality of first signal lines 32 and second signal lines 34 disposed on one surface of the substrate 30 for inputting and outputting position detection signals;
    상기 기판(30)의 일면에 배치되는 복수의 보조신호선(37);A plurality of auxiliary signal lines 37 disposed on one surface of the substrate 30;
    상기 기판(30) 상에서 터치가 이루어지는 액티브영역을 복수개로 분할한 영역에 형성되며, 각 분할 영역 내에서 상기 제1신호선(32)에 게이트단자가 연결되고 보조신호선(37)과 제2신호선(34) 각각에 입력단자와 출력단자가 연결되는 3단자형 스위칭소자(40)와, 상기 스위칭소자(40)의 게이트단자에 접속되는 도전패드(50)를 구비한 터치셀(60); 및The touch panel may be formed in a plurality of regions in which a touch is formed on the substrate 30, and a gate terminal may be connected to the first signal line 32 in each of the divided regions, and the auxiliary signal line 37 and the second signal line 34 may be formed. A touch cell (60) having a three-terminal switching element (40) connected to an input terminal and an output terminal, and a conductive pad (50) connected to the gate terminal of the switching element (40); And
    상기 제1신호선(32)에 위치검출신호를 인가하며, 상기 도전패드(50)에 터치수단이 접촉되거나 접근될 때 상기 스위칭소자(40)의 상태변화에 따라 상기 제2신호선(34)으로 위치검출신호를 입수하여 대응 터치셀(60)의 좌표신호를 획득하는 터치위치 검출부(70);를 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 터치 패널.A position detection signal is applied to the first signal line 32, and when the touch means contacts or approaches the conductive pad 50, the position detection signal is positioned as the second signal line 34 according to a change in the state of the switching element 40. And a touch position detector (70) which acquires a detection signal and obtains a coordinate signal of the corresponding touch cell (60).
  2. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 기판(30)의 일면에는 복수의 게이트신호선(36)이 더 배치되고, 상기 각 터치셀(60)은 제1신호선(32)에 입력단자가 연결되고 게이트신호선(36)에 게이트단자가 연결되는 제1스위칭소자(42)와, 제1스위칭소자(42)의 출력단자에 접속되는 도전패드(50)와, 제1스위칭소자(42)의 출력단자에 게이트단자가 연결되고 보조신호선(37)과 제2신호선(34) 각각에 입력단자와 출력단자가 연결되는 제2스위칭소자(44)로 구성되며, 상기 터치위치 검출부(70)는 상기 게이트신호선(36) 각각에 게이트신호를 인가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 터치 패널.A plurality of gate signal lines 36 are further disposed on one surface of the substrate 30, and each touch cell 60 has an input terminal connected to the first signal line 32 and a gate terminal connected to the gate signal line 36. A gate terminal is connected to the first switching element 42, the conductive pad 50 connected to the output terminal of the first switching element 42, and the output terminal of the first switching element 42 and the auxiliary signal line 37. ) And a second switching element 44 connected to an input terminal and an output terminal of each of the second signal lines 34, wherein the touch position detector 70 applies a gate signal to each of the gate signal lines 36. A touch panel characterized by the above.
  3. 제 2항에 있어서,The method of claim 2,
    상기 제1스위칭소자(42)의 출력단자와 보조신호선(37) 사이에 커패시터(54)가 접속되는 것을 특징으로 하는 터치 패널.And a capacitor (54) is connected between the output terminal of the first switching element (42) and the auxiliary signal line (37).
  4. 제 3항에 있어서,The method of claim 3,
    상기 보조신호선(37)은 제1보조신호선(37a)과 제2보조신호선(37b)이 각기 별도로 제공되며, 상기 제2스위칭소자(44)의 입력단자와 상기 커패시터(54)의 일단부는 각기 다른 보조신호선(37a, 37b)에 연결되는 것을 특징으로 하는 터치 패널.The auxiliary signal line 37 is provided with a first auxiliary signal line 37a and a second auxiliary signal line 37b separately, and an input terminal of the second switching element 44 and one end of the capacitor 54 are different from each other. Touch panel, characterized in that connected to the auxiliary signal lines (37a, 37b).
  5. 제 1항 내지 제 4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    상기 기판(30)의 일면에는 상기 터치셀(60)을 보호하는 투명절연막이 코팅된 것을 특징으로 하는 터치 패널.One surface of the substrate 30 is a touch panel, characterized in that the transparent insulating film for protecting the touch cell (60) is coated.
  6. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 기판(30)의 하부에 확산시트(90)가 더 설치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 터치 패널.The touch panel, characterized in that the diffusion sheet 90 is further provided below the substrate (30).
  7. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 터치위치 검출부(70)는 상기 터치셀(60)의 좌표값에 대응하는 주소들을 갖는 메모리수단(74)을 더 포함하며, 제2신호선(34)으로부터 위치검출신호가 수신되면 대응 터치셀(60)의 좌표값이 메모리수단(74)의 대응 주소에 저장되는 것을 특징으로 하는 터치 패널.The touch position detector 70 further includes a memory means 74 having addresses corresponding to the coordinate values of the touch cell 60. When the position detection signal is received from the second signal line 34, the corresponding touch cell ( A coordinate value of 60 is stored in a corresponding address of the memory means (74).
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