WO2010057419A1 - 海洋波浪能发电的装置 - Google Patents

海洋波浪能发电的装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010057419A1
WO2010057419A1 PCT/CN2009/074934 CN2009074934W WO2010057419A1 WO 2010057419 A1 WO2010057419 A1 WO 2010057419A1 CN 2009074934 W CN2009074934 W CN 2009074934W WO 2010057419 A1 WO2010057419 A1 WO 2010057419A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
water flow
flow accelerator
accelerator
floating body
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/074934
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓志辉
Original Assignee
Deng Zhihui
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deng Zhihui filed Critical Deng Zhihui
Priority to AU2009317697A priority Critical patent/AU2009317697B2/en
Priority to JP2011536730A priority patent/JP2012509429A/ja
Priority to BRPI0914087A priority patent/BRPI0914087A2/pt
Priority to KR1020117008777A priority patent/KR101254869B1/ko
Priority to CA2743984A priority patent/CA2743984A1/en
Priority to RU2011117041/06A priority patent/RU2470179C1/ru
Priority to EP09827168.7A priority patent/EP2351930A4/en
Publication of WO2010057419A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010057419A1/zh
Priority to US13/110,019 priority patent/US8450869B2/en

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/22Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the flow of water resulting from wave movements to drive a motor or turbine
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/02Other machines or engines using hydrostatic thrust
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/10Stators
    • F05B2240/12Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20Hydro energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for generating ocean wave energy.
  • wave power is the conversion of wave kinetic energy into electrical energy by wave power plants.
  • Wave power generation device In order to effectively absorb wave energy, its operation mode is designed according to the up and down vibration characteristics of the wave, and the stable motion mechanism acquires kinetic energy, which is then used to generate electricity. Due to the instability of the waves, one of the existing power generation equipment is installed on the seabed, the power generation equipment is complicated, the power generation equipment is damaged by seawater corrosion, wave intrusion, short service life, relatively high construction and maintenance costs, and the like; It floats on the surface of the sea.
  • the existing generators usually use water wheels to drive the rotors of the motor to rotate in positive and negative directions. The rotor of the motor is consumed in a large part of the commutation process.
  • the conversion efficiency of the motor is not high.
  • the existing water wheel is connected directly to the generator rotor through the transmission.
  • the speed of the water wheel is strictly limited by the wave energy.
  • To increase the conversion efficiency it is often achieved by increasing the water wheel.
  • the corresponding structure of the wheel cooperation has also increased, so that the cost is increased, which is not conducive to the current development of wave power generation.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a device for power generation of a marine wave energy device in which a power plant is installed below sea level, a power generation device floats on a sea level, and power generation efficiency is high.
  • a device for generating ocean wave energy comprising a floating body, a generator and a water wheel, wherein the generator is fixed on the floating body, characterized in that the water flow accelerator is further included, and the water flow accelerator and the floating body are provided with a relative floating body and a water flow.
  • a rotating shaft of the rotating shaft the upper end of the rotating shaft is connected to the rotor of the generator through a floating body, and the lower end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the water wheel through the water flow accelerator, and the water flow accelerator is provided
  • the apparatus for generating ocean wave energy as described above characterized in that the water flow passage is spiral, and a cross-sectional area of the water flow passage is gradually decreased from the water inlet end to the water outlet end.
  • the apparatus for generating ocean wave energy as described above characterized in that: the water flow accelerator is located above the water wheel, and the water inlet end of the water flow channel forms a water inlet at the upper end surface of the water flow accelerator, and the water outlet of the water flow channel The water outlet is formed at a lower end surface of the water flow accelerator, and the water outlet is offset from a center of the water flow accelerator, and an area of the water inlet is larger than an area of the water outlet.
  • the apparatus for generating ocean wave energy as described above characterized in that: the passage is spiral, and the cross-sectional area of the passage is gradually decreased from the inlet end to the outlet end, and the inlet end of the passage is at the second water flow accelerator
  • the lower end surface forms a second water inlet
  • the channel water outlet end forms a second water outlet at the upper end surface of the second water flow accelerator
  • the second water outlet is offset from the center of the second water flow accelerator
  • the area of the second water inlet is larger than the The area of the second outlet.
  • the device for generating ocean wave energy wherein the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the water flow accelerator and the second water flow accelerator, respectively, and the rotating shaft is provided with an axial direction for preventing the water flow accelerator and the second water flow accelerator.
  • the moving positioning shoulders, the water flow accelerator and the second water flow accelerator are each provided with a vertical baffle preventing rotation thereof.
  • the device for generating ocean wave energy characterized in that: a lower water reservoir is disposed below the floating body, the water storage device is fixedly connected with the floating body, and a vertical plate is disposed around the water storage device.
  • the rotating shaft passes through the water flow accelerator and the second water flow accelerator, and the water flow accelerator and the second water flow accelerator are fixedly connected to the water reservoir through a connecting piece.
  • the device for generating ocean wave energy wherein the floating body floats on a water surface, and the floating body comprises an upper plate, a lower plate, and a floating plate fixed between the upper and lower plates, the upper plate and the lower plate.
  • the splint and the floating plate are fixedly connected together, and the lower side of the lower cleat is provided with a plurality of connecting plates, and the lower end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the water storage device.
  • the apparatus for generating ocean wave energy characterized in that the water wheel is provided with a uniform circumference A plurality of blades, the blades being smooth curved pieces.
  • the water wheel is fixed on the rotating shaft, and the water wheel rises with the fluctuation of the ocean wave.
  • the water flow accelerator above the water wheel forms a downward high-speed water flow impact to make it rotate along the needle; when the water wheel falls with the ocean wave, the water wheel An upward high-speed water flow impact is formed in the lower second water flow accelerator to rotate in the same direction, thereby overcoming the energy loss caused by the water wheel rising, falling, and rotating directions; the water flow channel and the second water flow on the water flow accelerator
  • the passages on the accelerator are spiral and the cross-sectional area gradually decreases from the inlet end to the outlet end.
  • the flow rate at the outlet is necessarily higher than The flow rate of the water inlet greatly enhances the strength of the water flow impacting the water wheel raft, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the present invention
  • the floating body is provided with an upwardly open water reservoir.
  • the floating body and the water storage device rise with the wave, the floating body receives upward buoyancy, and the buoyancy force causes the water flow accelerator to move upwards in the still water layer to push the water wheel smoothly.
  • Rotating power generation When the ocean wave reaches the peak, the floating body and the water storage device do not follow the ocean wave synchronously because the floating body and the water storage device are reacted by the water wheel.
  • the potential energy change of the water in the water storage device is converted into the second water flow accelerator. Moving kinetic energy to improve power generation efficiency;
  • the power generation mechanism formed by installing a plurality of sets of water flow accelerators, water wheels and second water flow accelerators can greatly improve the conversion efficiency of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a state diagram of the use of the first embodiment in the ocean
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the generator, the rotating shaft and the floating body in the first embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of the water flow accelerator in the first embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of a second water flow accelerator in the first embodiment
  • Figure 6 is a front view of the water wheel in the first embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a working principle diagram of Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment
  • FIG. 9 is a working principle diagram of the second embodiment
  • Figure 30 is a front view of the third embodiment.
  • the apparatus for generating ocean wave energy comprises a floating body 2, a generator 3, a water wheel 4 and a water flow accelerator 5, and the generator 3 is fixed on the floating body 2, and is disposed below the floating body 2.
  • a rotating shaft 1 capable of rotating relative to the floating body 2 and the water flow accelerator 5 is disposed between the water flow accelerator 5 and the floating body 2.
  • the upper end of the rotating shaft 1 is connected to the rotor of the generator 3 through the floating body 2, and the lower end of the rotating shaft 1 is fixed to the water wheel 4 through the water flow accelerator 5 Connected, the water flow accelerator 5 is provided with a water flow passage 51 for forming a high-speed water flow to push the water wheel 4 to rotate in the same direction.
  • the water wheel 4 drives the generator 3 to generate electricity through the rotating shaft 1
  • the generator 3 receives the same driving force as the rotating direction of the rotating shaft 1, but the vertical plate 81 on the circumference of the water storage device 8 is immersed in the seawater, and the driving force of the generator 3 is received.
  • the resistance that the design has rotated the vertical plate 81 is designed to be much larger than the driving force generated by the generator 3, thus ensuring the generator 3.
  • the power generating base 30 does not rotate.
  • the rotating shaft 1 is a long rod placed vertically.
  • the water flow accelerator 5 is a vertically placed cylinder.
  • the floating body 2 is large enough to ensure that it always floats on the surface during the fluctuating process.
  • the floating body 2 includes an upper clamping plate 2 1 , a lower clamping plate 23 and a floating plate 22 fixed between the upper and lower clamping plates, the upper clamping plate 21, the lower clamping plate 23 and the floating plate.
  • the discs 22 are fixedly coupled together, and a plurality of connecting plates 24 are disposed on the lower side of the lower cleats 23.
  • the lower end of the connecting plates 24 is fixedly coupled to the bottom of the water reservoir 8.
  • the upper end of the upper clamp plate 21 of the floating body 2 is provided with a bracket 9, one end of the bracket 9 is fixedly connected with the upper clamp plate 21, and the other end of the bracket 9 is fixedly connected with the base 30 of the generator 3.
  • the water wheel 4 is provided with a plurality of blades 41 distributed in the circumferential direction, and the blades 41 are designed as smooth curved pieces.
  • the water flow accelerator 5 is located above the water wheel 4, the water flow channel 51 is spiral, the cross-sectional area of the water flow channel 51 is gradually reduced from the water inlet end to the water outlet end, and the water inlet end of the water flow channel 51 forms a water inlet 52 at the upper end surface of the water flow accelerator 5,
  • the water outlet end of the water flow passage 51 forms a water outlet 53 at the lower end surface of the water flow accelerator 5, and the water outlet 53 deviates from the water flow accelerator. 5 center, the water inlet 52 is much larger than the water outlet 53.
  • the seawater in the water flow passage 5 can form a water flow having a high flow velocity at the water outlet 53.
  • the high-flow water flow impinges on the blades 41 of the water wheel 4 to drive the rotating shaft 1 to rotate along the smoothing needle to realize power generation.
  • the area of the water inlet 52 can be made much larger than the area of the water outlet 53.
  • the area of the water inlet 52 is 3 to 10 times the area of the water outlet 53, and can even be higher.
  • a second water flow accelerator 6 is also disposed below the water wheel 4, and the lower end of the rotating shaft 1 extends downward and passes through the second water flow accelerator 6.
  • the second water flow accelerator 6 is a vertically placed cylinder, and the second water flow accelerator 6 is provided with a passage 61 for forming a high-speed water flow to push the water wheel 4 to also rotate in the same direction.
  • the passage 61 has a spiral shape, and the cross-sectional area of the passage 61
  • the inlet end of the passage 61 gradually decreases from the inlet end to the outlet end, and the inlet end of the passage 61 forms a second water inlet 62 at the lower end surface of the second water flow accelerator 6, and the outlet end of the passage 61 forms a second water outlet 63 at the upper end surface of the second water flow accelerator 6.
  • the second water outlet 63 is offset from the center of the second water flow accelerator 6, and the area of the second water inlet 62 is larger than the area of the second water outlet 63.
  • the seawater in the passage 61 can form a water flow having a high flow velocity at the second water outlet 63, the high flow rate.
  • the water flow impacts the blades 41 of the water wheel 4 to drive the rotating shaft 1 to also rotate along the smoothing needle to realize power generation.
  • the area of the second water inlet 62 can be much larger than the area of the second water outlet 63.
  • the area of the second water inlet 62 is 3 to 10 times the area of the second water outlet 63, and can even be higher. .
  • the water flow accelerator 5 is provided with a water flow passage 51
  • the second water flow accelerator 6 is provided with a passage 61, which is respectively associated with the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6
  • the rotating shaft 1 is provided with a positioning shoulder 11 for preventing the axial movement of the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6, so that the rotating shaft 1 can rotate relative to the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6 during operation
  • the rafter is further moved up and down with the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6, and the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6 are provided with a vertical baffle 64 for preventing rotation thereof.
  • the function of the vertical baffle 64 is The influence of the high-speed water flow reaction force in the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6 is overcome, and the rotation of the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6 is prevented to affect the conversion efficiency.
  • the water flow accelerator 5 stops moving up in the still water layer, and the water wheel 4 continues to rotate due to inertia, and then the rotating shaft 1 continues to rotate.
  • the floating body 2 and the water reservoir 8 therebelow, and the seawater stored in the water reservoir 8 then move downward with the waves under gravity to enter the second stage.
  • the water flow accelerator 5 In the second stage, the water flow accelerator 5 is in an inoperative state, and the sea water passes through the second water inlet 62, the passage 61 and the second water outlet 63 on the second water flow accelerator 6, and forms a ratio at the second water outlet 63.
  • the high-speed water flow at the water inlet 62 of the second water inlet 62 is much faster, and the high-speed impact water wheel 4 drives the rotating shaft 1 to rotate along the smooth needle to realize the second stage of power generation.
  • the floating body 2 After moving down, the floating body 2 moves downwards into an uneven speed motion.
  • the second water flow accelerator 6 stops moving downward in the still water layer, and the water wheel 4 continues to rotate due to inertia.
  • the invention is then moved up again with the waves for periodic power generation.
  • the rotary shaft 1 is always rotated by the needle to avoid the energy loss caused by the rotation of the rotary shaft 1 in both the forward and reverse directions.
  • the present invention works on the ocean. Because of the wave motion within a certain depth of the ocean water near the surface, the material within it also floats together, called the wave layer, and the water is at a certain depth after the seawater is at a certain depth.
  • the floating body 2 Called the hydrostatic layer, the floating body 2 is located at the ocean level, in the undulating layer, the floating body 2 floats up and down with the fluctuation of the waves, and the water wheel 4, the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6 are in the stationary layer, so that The invention can utilize the characteristics of the ocean sea wave motion to convert the wave energy into mechanical kinetic energy, and then convert the mechanical kinetic energy into electric energy; the same as the floating body 2 floats on the water surface, the rotating shaft 1 and the generator 3 are placed upright, thus providing power
  • the water wheel 4, the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6 are below sea level, and the generator 3 floats on the sea level, thereby avoiding the erosion of the generator 3 and its mounted components by seawater, and the service life is prolonged.
  • the rotation direction of the water flow passage 51 or the passage 61 can be changed to achieve the rotation of the rotary shaft 1 in the reverse direction of the needle, and the working principle is exactly the same.
  • the electricity generated by all the devices is collected and transmitted to the shore for further power quality processing and processing.
  • Collecting the electrical energy emitted by each device can be realized by the floating frame. In the aspect of electric energy collection, it can be collected by separately processing the electric energy, or it can be collected and then unified for electric energy processing; it can also generate hydrogen gas near the ionized seawater, and then Hydrogen is sent to shore for use.
  • the water flow accelerator 5 is provided with two water flow channels 51, and The water inlet passage 51 corresponds to the water inlet 52 and the water outlet 53 to further improve the conversion efficiency;
  • the second water flow accelerator 6 is also provided with two passages 61, and two second water inlets 62 and corresponding to the respective passages 61.
  • the second water outlet 63 is used to further improve the conversion efficiency.
  • the rotating shaft 1 is rotatably connected to the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6, respectively, and the rotating shaft 1 is provided with a positioning shoulder 11 for preventing the axial movement of the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6, so that the rotating shaft 1 can be in operation
  • the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6 rotate, and the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6 move up and down together, and the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6 are both disposed to prevent rotation thereof.
  • Vertical baffle 64 is provided to the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6, respectively, and the rotating shaft 1 is provided with a positioning shoulder 11 for preventing the axial movement of the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6, so that the rotating shaft 1 can be in operation
  • the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6 rotate, and the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6 move up and down together, and the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6 are both disposed to prevent rotation thereof.
  • a plurality of sets of the water flow accelerator 5, the water wheel 4 and the second water flow accelerator 6 may be installed at a distance from the lower portion of the rotating shaft 1 to generate a power generating mechanism (in the figure) The same can also be used to improve the conversion efficiency.
  • the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6 may be provided with one or more water flow passages (not shown).
  • the rotary shaft 1 passes through the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6 and is rotatable, and the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6 are fixedly coupled to the water reservoir 8 through the connecting piece 7. Since the vertical plate 81 of the circumference of the water reservoir 8 does not rotate, the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6 do not rotate, and the rotation efficiency is affected by the rotation of the water flow accelerator 5 and the second water flow accelerator 6.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Description

说明书
Title of Invention:海洋波浪能发电的装置 技术领域
[ 1 ] 本发明涉及一种海洋波浪能发电的装置。
背景技术
[2] 由于海水发电具有无污染以及不必耗费燃料之优点, 如何利用海水波浪所携带 的能量来发电成为世界各国海洋工程研究人员研究的目的。 我国大陆海岸线长 达 18000多千米, 再加上各大小岛屿, 海洋能源十分丰富。 随着可染能源日趋紧 张, 研究、 创新海洋发电技术是一件意义深远的工作。
[3] 海洋中, 波浪发电即是以波浪发电装置将海浪动能转换成电能。 波浪发电装置 为了有效地吸收波能, 其运转形式依据波浪的上下振动特性而设计, 稳定运动 机制获取动能, 然后再加以来发电。 由于波浪的不稳定性, 现有发电设备有一 种是设置在海床上, 发电设备复杂, 发电设备承受海水腐蚀、 波浪侵袭而破坏 , 使用寿命短、 施工及维修成本相对过高等问题; 另一种是漂浮于海面上, 现 有这类发电机一般釆用水轮来带动电机转子正、 反向交替转动来发电, 电机转 子在换向过程中很大一部分能量白白消耗掉了, 使得现有这类电机转换效率不 高, 同吋现有水轮直接通过传动装置连接发电机转子相连, 水轮转动快慢受波 能大小严格限制, 想增大转换效率往往釆用增大水轮来实现, 与水轮配合的相 应结构也加大了, 这样成本增高了, 不利于目前波浪发电的发展。
发明内容
[4] 本发明的目的是克服了上述不足而提供一种动力设备设在海平面以下, 发电设 备浮于海平面上、 发电效率高的海洋波浪能发电的装置。
[5] 为实现上述目的, 本发明釆用了下列技术方案:
[6] 海洋波浪能发电的装置, 包括浮体、 发电机和水轮, 发电机固定在浮体上, 其 特征在于, 还包括有水流加速器, 水流加速器与所述浮体之间设有相对浮体、 水流加速器转动的转轴, 转轴的上端穿过浮体与所述发电机的转子相连, 所述 转轴的下端穿过所述水流加速器与所述水轮固定相连, 所述水流加速器上设有 用以形成高速水流来推动水轮绕同一方向转动的水流通道。
[7] 如上所述的海洋波浪能发电的装置, 其特征在于, 所述水流通道呈螺旋状, 水 流通道的截面积从进水端到出水端逐渐减小。
[8] 如上所述的海洋波浪能发电的装置, 其特征在于, 所述水流加速器位于所述水 轮的上方, 水流通道的进水端在水流加速器的上端面形成进水口, 水流通道的 出水端在水流加速器的下端面形成出水口, 出水口偏离所述水流加速器的中心 , 所述进水口的面积大于所述出水口的面积。
[9] 如上所述的海洋波浪能发电的装置, 其特征在于, 所述水轮的下方还设置有第 二水流加速器, 所述转轴的下端向下延伸并穿过第二水流加速器, 第二水流加 速器上设有用以形成高速水流来推动所述水轮也绕同一方向转动的通道。
[10] 如上所述的海洋波浪能发电的装置, 其特征在于, 所述通道呈螺旋状, 通道的 截面积从进水端到出水端逐渐减小, 通道进水端在第二水流加速器的下端面形 成第二进水口, 通道出水端在第二水流加速器的上端面形成第二出水口, 第二 出水口偏离所述第二水流加速器的中心, 所述第二进水口的面积大于所述第二 出水口的面积。
[11] 如上所述的海洋波浪能发电的装置, 其特征在于, 所述转轴分别与所述水流加 速器和第二水流加速器转动连接, 转轴上设有用于防止水流加速器和第二水流 加速器轴向移动的定位凸肩, 水流加速器和第二水流加速器圆周均设有防止其 转动的垂直档板。
[12] 如上所述的海洋波浪能发电的装置, 其特征在于, 所述浮体的下方设置有向上 开口的储水器, 储水器与浮体固定连接, 储水器圆周设有垂直板, 所述转轴穿 过所述水流加速器和第二水流加速器, 水流加速器和第二水流加速器通过连接 片与所述储水器固定相连。
[13] 如上所述的海洋波浪能发电的装置, 其特征在于, 所述浮体浮于水面, 浮体包 括有上夹板、 下夹板以及固定在上、 下夹板之间的浮盘, 上夹板、 下夹板和浮 盘固定连接在一起, 下夹板下侧设置有多片连接板, 连接板的下端与所述储水 器的底部固定相连。
[14] 如上所述的海洋波浪能发电的装置, 其特征在于, 所述水轮设有沿圆周均布有 多个叶片, 叶片为平滑的弧形片。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、 转轴上固定有水轮, 水轮随海洋波浪波动上升吋, 水轮上方的水流加速器 内形成向下的高速水流冲击使其顺吋针转动; 当水轮随海洋波浪下降吋, 水轮 下方的第二水流加速器内形成向上的高速水流冲击使其也绕同一方向转动, 从 而克服了水轮上升、 下降吋转动方向不一而造成的能量损失; 水流加速器上的 水流通道和第二水流加速器上的通道均呈螺旋状且截面积从进水端到出水端逐 渐减小, 由于两水流加速器上、 下移动吋经过其内的进、 出水量相等, 这样在 出水口的流速势必高于进水口的流速, 大大增强了水流冲击水轮吋的力度, 从 而提高本发明转换效率;
2、 浮体下方设置有向上开口的储水器, 当浮体、 储水器随波浪一起上升吋, 浮体受到向上的浮力, 该浮力使得水流加速器在静水层里快速向上移动以推动 水轮顺吋针旋转发电; 当海洋波浪到达波峰后, 由于浮体和储水器受水轮反作 用力, 浮体和储水器不随海洋波浪同步下降, 此吋储水器内水的势能变化转化 为第二水流加速器下移的动能, 提高发电效率;
3、 水流加速器上还可设置有两个以上水流通道, 第二水流加速器上也可设置 有两个以上通道以进一步提高转换效率; 除了在增加水流通道或通道外, 还可 以在转轴下部间隔一定距离安装多组水流加速器、 水轮和第二水流加速器形成 的发电动力机构, 从而能大大提高本发明转换效率的作用;
4、 由于浮体浮于水面, 转轴和发电机竖立放置, 这样提供动力的水轮、 水流 加速器和第二水流加速器在海平面以下, 而发电机浮于海平面上, 避免了发电 机及其安装部件受海水侵蚀, 使用寿命延长了。
附图说明
下面结合附图与本发明的实施方式作进一步详细的描述:
图 1为实施例一立体结构示意图;
图 2为实施例一在海洋中使用状态图;
图 3为实施例一中发电机、 转轴及浮体剖视图;
图 4为实施例一中水流加速器立体结构示意图; [25] 图 5为实施例一中第二水流加速器立体结构示意图;
[26] 图 6为实施例一中水轮主视图;
[27] 图 7为实施例一工作原理图;
[28] 图 8为实施例二立体结构示意图;
[29] 图 9为实施例二工作原理图;
[30] 图 10为实施例三主视图。
具体实施方式
[31] 如图所示, 本发明所涉及的海洋波浪能发电的装置, 海包括浮体 2、 发电机 3、 水轮 4和水流加速器 5, 发电机 3固定在浮体 2上, 浮体 2下方设置有向上开口的储 水器 8, 储水器 8与浮体 2固定连接, 储水器 8圆周设有用于防止其转动的垂直板 8 1。 水流加速器 5与浮体 2之间设有能相对浮体 2、 水流加速器 5转动的转轴 1, 转 轴 1上端穿过浮体 2与发电机 3转子相连, 转轴 1下端穿过水流加速器 5与水轮 4固 定相连, 水流加速器 5上设有用以形成高速水流来推动水轮 4绕同一方向转动的 水流通道 51。 当水轮 4通过转轴 1带动发电机 3发电吋, 发电机 3受到与转轴 1转动 方向相同的驱动力, 然而储水器 8圆周的垂直板 81浸在海水中, 发电机 3受到的 驱动力传递到储水器 8上, 由于垂直板 81旋转需要克服海水的阻力, 而在设计吋 已将垂直板 81旋转的阻力设计的远大于发电机 3发电受到的驱动力, 这样保证了 发电机 3发电吋机座 30不转动。
[32] 本发明三个实施例中, 转轴 1为竖直放置的长杆。 水流加速器 5为竖直放置的圆 柱体。 浮体 2足够大以确保在波动过程中能始终浮于水面, 浮体 2包括有上夹板 2 1、 下夹板 23以及固定在上、 下夹板之间浮盘 22, 上夹板 21、 下夹板 23和浮盘 22 固定连接在一起, 下夹板 23下侧设置有多片连接板 24, 连接板 24下端与储水器 8 的底部固定相连。 浮体 2的上夹板 21上端设置有支架 9, 支架 9一端与上夹板 21固 定相连, 支架 9另一端与发电机 3的机座 30固定相连。
[33] 水轮 4设有沿圆周方向分布的多个叶片 41, 叶片 41设计成平滑的弧形片。 水流 加速器 5位于水轮 4上方, 水流通道 51呈螺旋状, 水流通道 51的截面积从进水端 到出水端逐渐减小, 水流通道 51进水端在水流加速器 5上端面形成进水口 52, 水 流通道 51出水端在水流加速器 5下端面形成出水口 53, 出水口 53偏离水流加速器 5中心, 进水口 52远大于出水口 53。 由于进水口 52的面积大于出水口 53的面积且 水流通道 5的截面积由进水口 52到出水口 53逐渐减小, 使水流通道 5内的海水在 出水口 53处能形成具有高流速的水流, 高流速的水流冲击水轮 4的叶片 41来带动 转轴 1沿顺吋针转动, 实现发电。 为了获得更高速的水流, 可使进水口 52的面积 远大于出水口 53的面积, 例如进水口 52的面积为出水口 53面积 3~10倍, 甚至可 以更高。
[34] 水轮 4下方还设置有第二水流加速器 6, 转轴 1下端向下延伸并穿过第二水流加 速器 6。 第二水流加速器 6为竖直放置的圆柱体, 第二水流加速器 6上设有用以形 成高速水流来推动水轮 4也绕同一方向转动的通道 61, 通道 61呈螺旋状, 通道 61 的截面积从进水端到出水端逐渐减小, 通道 61进水端在第二水流加速器 6下端面 形成第二进水口 62, 通道 61出水端在第二水流加速器 6上端面形成第二出水口 63 , 第二出水口 63偏离第二水流加速器 6中心, 第二进水口 62的面积大于第二出水 口 63的面积。 由于第二进水口 62的面积大于第二出水口 63的面且通道 61的截面 积逐渐减小, 使通道 61内的海水在第二出水口 63处能形成具有高流速的水流, 高流速的水流冲击水轮 4的叶片 41来带动转轴 1也沿顺吋针转动, 实现发电。 为 了获得更高速的水流, 可使第二进水口 62的面积远大于第二出水口 63的面积, 例如第二进水口 62的面积为第二出水口 63面积 3~10倍, 甚至可以更高。
[35] 如图 1至 7所示实施例一, 水流加速器 5上设置有一个水流通道 51, 第二水流加 速器 6上设置有一个通道 61, 转轴 1分别与水流加速器 5和第二水流加速器 6可转 动连接, 转轴 1上设有用于防止水流加速器 5和第二水流加速器 6轴向移动的定位 凸肩 11, 这样转轴 1在工作过程中能相对水流加速器 5和第二水流加速器 6转动, 同吋又带着水流加速器 5和第二水流加速器 6—起上、 下移动, 而水流加速器 5和 第二水流加速器 6圆周均设有防止其转动的垂直档板 64, 垂直档板 64的作用在于 克服水流加速器 5和第二水流加速器 6内形成高速水流反作用力影响, 避免水流 加速器 5和第二水流加速器 6转动而影响转换效率。
[36] 本发明实施例一工作过程如下:
[37] 第一阶段, 当浮体 2随波浪上移吋, 水轮 4在静水层作上升移动, 海水经水流加 速器 5上的进水口 52、 水流通道 51和出水口 53后, 在出水口 53处形成比进水口 52 处水流速度快得多的高速水流, 水流高速冲击水轮 4带动转轴 1顺吋针转动, 实 现第一阶段发电。 此吋, 第二水流加速器 6处于不工作状态。 上升吋, 浮体 2向 上移动为不均速运动, 当到达波峰吋, 水流加速器 5在静水层中停止上移, 水轮 4由于惯性继续转动, 此吋, 转轴 1继续转动。 随后浮体 2和其下方的储水器 8, 以及储水器 8内存储的海水在重力作用下随波浪的下移吋进入第二阶段。
[38] 第二阶段, 水流加速器 5处于不工作状态, 海水经第二水流加速器 6上的第二进 水口 62、 通道 61和第二出水口 63后, 在第二出水口 63处形成比第二进水口 62处 水流速度快得多的高速水流, 水流高速冲击水轮 4带动转轴 1也沿顺吋针转动, 实现第二阶段发电。 下移吋, 浮体 2向下移动为不均速运动, 当到达波谷吋, 第 二水流加速器 6在静水层中停止下移, 此吋水轮 4由于惯性继续转动。 随后本发 明随波浪一起再次上移, 进行周期性发电。 如上所述, 本发明上移和下移过程 中, 转轴 1始终顺吋针转动, 避免转轴 1正、 反两方向转动而造成的能量损失。
[39] 本发明在海洋上工作吋, 由于海洋海水近表面一定深度内波浪运动使得处在其 内的物质也随着一起浮动, 称之波动层, 海水往下一定深度后水处于静止状态 , 称之为静水层, 使用吋浮体 2位于海洋水平上, 处在波动层, 浮体 2随着波浪 的起伏而上下浮动, 水轮 4、 水流加速器 5和第二水流加速器 6处在静止层, 这样 本发明可利用海洋海水波浪运动的特点来实现将波浪能转化为机械动能, 再将 机械动能转化为电能; 同吋由于浮体 2浮于水面, 转轴 1和发电机 3竖立放置, 这 样提供动力的水轮 4、 水流加速器 5和第二水流加速器 6在海平面以下, 而发电机 3浮于海平面上, 避免了发电机 3及其安装部件受海水侵蚀, 使用寿命延长了。
[40] 实际使用吋转轴 1除了能始终保持顺吋针转动外, 还可通过改变水流通道 51或 通道 61的螺旋方向来实现转轴 1始终逆吋针方向转动, 其工作原理完全一样。 在 实际使用过程中是在一定面积的海面上放置很多个本发明中装置之后, 再将所 有装置所产生的电量收集再传输到岸上进行进一步的电能质量加工及处理。 收 集各装置所发出的电能可通过浮架来实现, 在电能收集方面, 可以通过分别进 行电能处理后再收集, 也可以先收集后再统一进行电能处理; 还可以就近电离 海水生成氢气, 再将氢气送上岸利用。
[41] 如图 8和图 9所示实施例二, 水流加速器 5上设置有两个水流通道 51, 以及与各 水流通道 51对应的进水口 52和出水口 53以进一步提高转换效率; 同吋第二水流 加速器 6上也设置有两个通道 61, 以及与各通道 61对应的两个第二进水口 62和第 二出水口 63以进一步提高转换效率。 转轴 1分别与水流加速器 5和第二水流加速 器 6可转动连接, 转轴 1上设有用于防止水流加速器 5和第二水流加速器 6轴向移 动的定位凸肩 11, 这样转轴 1在工作过程中能相对水流加速器 5和第二水流加速 器 6转动, 同吋又带着水流加速器 5和第二水流加速器 6—起上、 下移动, 而水流 加速器 5和第二水流加速器 6圆周均设有防止其转动的垂直档板 64。 在实施例二 中, 除了在增加水流通道 51或通道 61外, 还可以在转轴 1下部间隔一定距离安装 多组水流加速器 5、 水轮 4和第二水流加速器 6形成的发电动力机构 (图中未视出 同样也可以起到提高转换效率的作用。
如图 10所示实施例三, 水流加速器 5、 第二水流加速器 6上可以设有一个或多个 水流通道 (图中未示出) 。 转轴 1穿过水流加速器 5和第二水流加速器 6并能转动 , 水流加速器 5和第二水流加速器 6通过连接片 7与所述储水器 8固定相连。 由于 储水器 8圆周的垂直板 81阻档作用不转动, 这样水流加速器 5和第二水流加速器 6 也不转动, 克服水流加速器 5和第二水流加速器 6转动而影响转换效率。

Claims

权利要求书
[Claim 1] 海洋波浪能发电的装置, 包括浮体 (2) 、 发电机 (3) 和水轮 (4
;) , 发电机 (3) 固定在浮体 (2) 上, 其特征在于, 还包括有水 流加速器 (5) , 水流加速器 (5) 与所述浮体 (2) 之间设有相对 浮体 (2) 、 水流加速器 (5) 转动的转轴 (1 ) , 转轴 (1 ) 的上 端穿过浮体 (2) 与所述发电机 (3) 的转子相连, 所述转轴 (1 ) 的下端穿过所述水流加速器 (5) 与所述水轮 (4) 固定相连, 所 述水流加速器 (5) 上设有用以形成高速水流来推动水轮 (4) 绕 同一方向转动的水流通道 (51 ) 。
[Claim 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的海洋波浪能发电的装置, 其特征在于所述水 流通道 (51 ) 呈螺旋状, 水流通道 (51 ) 的截面积从进水端到出 水端逐渐减小。
[Claim 3] 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的海洋波浪能发电的装置, 其特征在于所 述水流加速器 (5) 位于所述水轮 (4) 的上方, 水流通道 (51 ) 的进水端在水流加速器 (5) 的上端面形成进水口 (52)
道 (51 ) 出水端在水流加速器 (5) 的下端面形成出水口 出水口 (53) 偏离所述水流加速器 (5) 的中心, 所述进水口 ) 的面积大于所述出水口 (53) 的面积。
[Claim 4] 根据权利要求 3所述的海洋波浪能发电的装置, 其特征在于所述水 轮 (4) 的下方还设置有第二水流加速器 (6) , 所述转轴 (1 ) 的 下端向下延伸并穿过第二水流加速器 (6) , 第二水流加速器 (6 ) 上设有用以形成高速水流来推动所述水轮 (4) 也绕同一方向转 动的通道 (61 ) 。
[Claim 5] 根据权利要求 4所述的海洋波浪能发电的装置, 其特征在于, 所述 通道 (61 ) 呈螺旋状, 通道 (61 ) 的截面积从进水端到出水端逐 渐减小, 通道 (61 ) 的进水端在第二水流加速器 (6) 的下端面形 成第二进水口 (62) , 通道 (61 ) 的出水端在第二水流加速器 (6 ) 的上端面形成第二出水口 (63) , 第二出水口 (63) 偏离所述 第二水流加速器 (6) 的中心, 所述第二进水口 (62) 的面积大于 所述第二出水口 (63) 的面积。
根据权利要求 5所述的海洋波浪能发电的装置, 其特征在于, 所述 转轴 (1) 分别与所述水流加速器 (5) 和第二水流加速器 (6) 转 动连接, 转轴 (1) 上设有用于防止水流加速器 (5) 和第二水流 加速器 (6) 轴向移动的定位凸肩 (11) , 水流加速器 (5) 和第 二水流加速器 (6) 圆周均设有防止其转动的垂直档板 (64) 。 根据权利要求 5所述的海洋波浪能发电的装置, 其特征在于, 所述 浮体 (2) 下方设置有向上开口的储水器 (8) , 储水器 (8) 与浮 体 (2) 固定连接, 储水器 (8) 圆周设有垂直板 (81) , 所述转 轴 (1) 穿过所述水流加速器 (5) 和第二水流加速器 (6) , 水流 加速器 (5) 和第二水流加速器 (6) 通过连接片 (7) 与所述储水 器 (8) 固定相连。
根据权利要求 7所述的海洋波浪能发电的装置, 其特征在于, 所述 浮体 (2) 浮于水面, 浮体 (2) 包括有上夹板 (21) 、 下夹板 (2 3) 以及固定在上、 下夹板之间的浮盘 (22) , 上夹板 (21) 、 下 夹板 (23) 和浮盘 (22) 固定连接在一起, 下夹板 (23) 下侧设 置有多片连接板 (24) , 连接板 (24) 的下端与所述储水器 (8) 的底部固定相连。
根据权利要求 1所述的海洋波浪能发电的装置, 其特征在于, 所述 水轮 (4) 设有沿圆周均布有多个叶片 (41) , 叶片 (41) 为平滑 的弧形片。
PCT/CN2009/074934 2008-11-21 2009-11-13 海洋波浪能发电的装置 WO2010057419A1 (zh)

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