WO2010024030A1 - 情報入力装置,情報入力方法及び情報入力用プログラム - Google Patents
情報入力装置,情報入力方法及び情報入力用プログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010024030A1 WO2010024030A1 PCT/JP2009/061606 JP2009061606W WO2010024030A1 WO 2010024030 A1 WO2010024030 A1 WO 2010024030A1 JP 2009061606 W JP2009061606 W JP 2009061606W WO 2010024030 A1 WO2010024030 A1 WO 2010024030A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
- G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
- G06F1/1626—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers with a single-body enclosure integrating a flat display, e.g. Personal Digital Assistants [PDAs]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
- G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
- G06F1/1615—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers with several enclosures having relative motions, each enclosure supporting at least one I/O or computing function
- G06F1/1624—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers with several enclosures having relative motions, each enclosure supporting at least one I/O or computing function with sliding enclosures, e.g. sliding keyboard or display
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
- G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
- G06F1/1633—Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
- G06F1/1684—Constructional details or arrangements related to integrated I/O peripherals not covered by groups G06F1/1635 - G06F1/1675
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/043—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using propagating acoustic waves
- G06F3/0433—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using propagating acoustic waves in which the acoustic waves are either generated by a movable member and propagated within a surface layer or propagated within a surface layer and captured by a movable member
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an information input device and an information input method for inputting a command to an information processing device according to a user's operation, and in particular, a small portable device such as a mobile phone, a PDA (personal digital assistant), a notebook PC (personal computer).
- a small portable device such as a mobile phone, a PDA (personal digital assistant), a notebook PC (personal computer).
- the present invention relates to an information input device and an information input method applied to.
- Patent Document 1 Related techniques for reducing the key layout space of the input unit on the device are disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 7.
- the related technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a technique in which a joystick that detects an up / down / left / right tilt angle is arranged on a device and characters are switched according to the tilt direction.
- Patent Document 2 is a technique in which a detection unit that detects a user operation is arranged at a location different from the display unit.
- a tactile input convex portion is disposed on the back side opposite to the display screen side of the portable terminal, and a code is input by pressing.
- Patent Document 3 The related technology disclosed in Patent Document 3 is a technology in which the input unit is separated from the device and arranged independently. In this related technique, information is input by attaching an input unit to a user's body.
- Patent Document 4 discloses an input device to be worn on a user's hand.
- the related technology disclosed in Patent Document 5 is a technology in which an optical sensor is provided so as to correspond to the five fingers of one hand, and character data is input to the device in accordance with the detection pattern of the optical sensor.
- the technique disclosed in Patent Document 6 is a technique for executing communication processing in response to vibration applied to the main body of the mobile device.
- the related technology disclosed in Patent Document 7 determines an area where the user's thumb is in contact or approached based on a signal from a detection unit worn by the user, and outputs an information signal according to the determination result. It is a technology to generate.
- JP 2005-258734 A Japanese Patent No. 3708508 Special table 2004-537802 gazette JP 7-122944 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-113317 JP 2002-190857 A JP 2007-128304 A
- Patent Document 5 In the technologies disclosed in Patent Documents 3 and 4, it is necessary to prepare the input unit separately from the device, and thus portability has been lost. In addition, the operator is troublesome to install the detection unit.
- the technique disclosed in Patent Document 5 also has a unique correspondence between the detection pattern of the optical sensor and the input character data, and it takes time for the user to get used to the input operation.
- the present invention provides an information input device, an information input method, and an information input program that improve the disadvantages of the related technology and are highly convenient for inputting information to a small information device. For that purpose.
- an information input device of the present invention includes a first vibration detection unit that detects vibration transmitted through an inside of the object when a part of the object is tapped, and the first object in the object.
- a second vibration detection unit that detects vibration transmitted through the object at a position different from the vibration detection position of the vibration detection unit, and the vibration detected by the first vibration detection unit and the second vibration detection
- an input information specifying means for calculating a detection time difference, which is a difference in detection time based on one of the detected vibrations, and specifying a tap position on the object based on the time difference.
- the information input method of the present invention detects vibration transmitted through the object when a part of the object is tapped, and detects vibration transmitted through the object at a position different from the detection position.
- a detection time difference which is a difference in detection time based on one of the two detected vibrations, is calculated, and a tap position on the object is specified based on the time difference.
- the information input program of the present invention is output from the first and second vibration detection units that detect the vibration transmitted through the inside of the object when a part of the object is tapped at different positions in the object.
- a function for inputting vibration information a detection time difference calculation function for calculating a detection time difference that is a difference between vibration detection times based on one of the two pieces of input vibration information, and a tap position on the object based on the time difference.
- the computer is caused to execute an input information specifying function to be specified.
- the present invention can provide an operation space for command input on an object different from the information device, an input operation unit having a size sufficient for a user to operate even if the information device is small. As a result, the convenience of inputting information can be improved and input errors can be reduced.
- the user's body is applied as an object for providing an operation space, it is not necessary to prepare an input operation unit separately from the information device, and the user does not have to worry about mounting a detector or the like on the body. Furthermore, since the user can feel that the information has been input by touching the body, the user can recognize what information is being input without looking at the operation part. .
- FIG. 1 It is a functional block diagram which shows the structure of the portable apparatus of 1st Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is an external view of the portable apparatus of embodiment disclosed in FIG. It is a figure which shows the external appearance of the portable apparatus of embodiment disclosed in FIG. 1 with a user's hand. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a structure of the vibration detection part in embodiment disclosed in FIG. It is a figure which shows the detection data of the vibration detection part in embodiment disclosed in FIG. It is a figure which shows the identification method of the vibration detection time in embodiment disclosed in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the input area in embodiment disclosed in FIG. It is a figure which shows the vibration transmission time for every input area in embodiment disclosed in FIG.
- FIG. 2nd Embodiment It is an external view of the portable apparatus of 2nd Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is an external view of the portable apparatus of embodiment disclosed in FIG. It is a functional block diagram which shows the structure of the portable apparatus of embodiment disclosed in FIG. It is the figure explaining the vibration transmission path
- FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of the mobile device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the mobile device 10 of the first embodiment includes an input device 9 that inputs information such as a character code in accordance with a user operation.
- the input device 9 includes a first vibration detection unit 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d that detects vibration transmitted through the inside of the object when the user taps on a part of the object, and the object.
- An input unit 4 including a second vibration detection unit 3 that detects vibrations at positions different from the detection positions of the first vibration detection units 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d, and the first vibration detection unit.
- 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the second vibration detection unit 3 calculate the detection time difference of the vibrations, identify the tap position in the object based on the time difference, and provide the code signal corresponding to the tap position as information.
- Input information specifying means 5 for outputting to the presenting means 8 side, timer management control means 6 for sending timing data to the input information specifying means 5, the first vibration detectors 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the second vibration The vibration detected by the detector 3
- a correspondence table database unit 7 for storing (data tables) in advance of the tap position in the time difference and the object out.
- the vibration transmitted through the object includes both vibration propagated through the object and vibration propagated through the surface.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an appearance of the mobile device 10 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 shows the back side of the mobile device 10 through the left hand of the user holding the mobile device 10.
- the first vibration detection units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the second vibration detection unit 3 are arranged at the positions illustrated in FIG. By arranging the first vibration detection units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the second vibration detection unit 3 in this way, when the user holds the portable device 10 with the left hand, the tip of the index finger is the first one.
- the tip of the middle finger is the first vibration detection unit 2b
- the tip of the ring finger is the first vibration detection unit 2c
- the tip of the little finger is the first vibration detection unit 2d
- the base of the finger is the second The vibration detectors 3 are touched respectively.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the use of the mobile device 10 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram of a state in which the user is holding the mobile device 10 with his left hand as viewed from the back side of the mobile device 10.
- the first vibration detection units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the first 2 vibration detection unit 3 detects vibration propagated in the left hand of the user, and input information specifying means 5 is detected by first vibration detection units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and second vibration detection unit 3.
- the vibration detection time difference is calculated, the position where the user taps is specified based on the time difference, and the code signal corresponding to the specified tap position is output.
- a total of 12 input areas A are provided between the joints of the left hand fingers.
- the 12 areas A are regarded as the numeric keys of the mobile phone, and keys [A] to [Wa], [*] and [#] are assigned to the characters required for character input. Yes.
- the notation of the input area A in FIG. 3 is illustrated to represent each region, and is not actually drawn on the skin surface of the left hand or a member attached.
- 1st vibration detection part 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and 2nd vibration detection part 3 are arrange
- the detection data is output to the input information specifying means 5.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the detailed structure of the first vibration detectors 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the second vibration detector 3.
- Each of the first vibration detection units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the second vibration detection unit 3 is based on a tap operation from the key top 41 that is touched by the fingertip of the operator and the contact surface of the keytop 41 with the fingertip.
- the vibration detection sensor 42 for detecting compression and extension in the vertical direction of the cross-sectional view and a wiring board 43 are configured.
- the input information specifying means 5 receives the detection data from the first vibration detectors 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the second vibration detector 3, the body such as human bone, muscle, tendon, joint, skin, blood, etc.
- the input area A that is the tap position to the left hand by the user is specified, and the code corresponding to the tap position A signal is output to the information presentation means 6.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of vibration waveforms of detection data of the first vibration detection units 2 a, 2 b, 2 c, 2 d and the second vibration detection unit 3.
- FIG. 5A is an example of a vibration waveform detected by any one of the first vibration detectors 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d, and FIG. It is an example of the detected vibration waveform.
- FIG. 5C shows an example of a signal waveform of timing data output from the timer management control means 6.
- the input information specifying unit 5 Since the input information specifying unit 5 is loaded when the value of the detection data at each time is sequentially processed, the input information specifying unit 5 inputs detection data at a fixed time interval based on timing data received from the timer management control unit 6. It is configured. Depending on the timing at which the detection data is input, it may not be possible to input data including the entire vibration waveform. Therefore, when vibration is detected by the first vibration detection unit 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d or the second vibration detection unit 3. The detection data within the time when the timing data is received from the earliest time is input as comparison use data.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a detection time difference between the vibration detected by any one of the first vibration detection units 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d and the vibration detected by the second vibration detection unit 3.
- 6A and 6B show the vibration detected by any one of the first vibration detectors 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d and the vibration detected by the second vibration detector 3.
- FIG. An example is shown.
- the input information specifying unit 5 sets the vibration waveform.
- the start time of the descent is extracted.
- the input information specifying means 5 is configured so that the time of the intersection with the tangent of the point where the displacement speed is fast (the oblique chain line in FIG. 6) is handled as the vibration detection time.
- the timer management control means 6 outputs timing data which is a signal as shown in FIG. 5C to the input information specifying means 5.
- the time length used as the timing data is a time interval larger than the time difference in which the vibration transmitted by the tap operation of the user reaches the first vibration detection units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the second vibration detection unit 3.
- this time interval is set too long, there are problems that a large amount of memory is occupied and the input update speed becomes slow and the input operation becomes worse. Therefore, in this embodiment, in advance, any one of the first vibration detection units 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d or the second vibration detection unit 3 is input by a tap operation with respect to the position in the nearest left hand.
- the vibration is transmitted through the user's finger and a time difference is generated in the vibration detection between the first vibration detection units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the second vibration detection unit 3. To do.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state in which the tip of the index finger is in contact with the first vibration detection unit 2 a and the base of the index finger is in contact with the second vibration detection unit 3.
- each of the three areas from the fingertip of the index finger to the first joint, from the first joint to the second joint, and from the second joint to the third joint is designated as the first area A1, the second area A2, the first joint.
- a finger is composed of bones, muscles, tendons, joints, skin, blood, and the like, and is a viscoelastic body that transmits an impact caused by a tap operation as vibration.
- the lengths of the areas A1 to A3 are L1, L2, and L3, respectively.
- FIG. 8 shows the first vibration detection unit 2a and the second vibration detection unit 3 when it is assumed that the tap vibration for each of the areas A1 to A3 is performed on the centers in the areas A1 to A3. It is a figure which shows the vibration transmission time until and the transmission time difference to both detection parts.
- the vibration detected by the second vibration detection unit 3 on the base side of the finger is half the distance of the first area A1 and the second area A2. Since the vibration transmits a distance obtained by adding the distance and the distance of the third area A3, it takes L1 / (2v) + L2 / v + L3 / v from the time when the tapping is performed.
- v indicates the speed of vibration that is transmitted by the user's finger.
- the vibration reaching the first vibration detection unit 2a on the fingertip side transmits a distance half of the first area A1, it takes L1 / (2v) time from when the tapping is performed.
- the vibration transmission time difference based on the first vibration detector 2a becomes ⁇ (L2 + L3) / v.
- the vibration transmission time difference with respect to the first vibration detector 2a is (L1-L3) / v, and the length of L1 and L3 is From the relationship, the vibration transmission time difference shows a value close to zero. Further, when tapping is performed on the third area A3, the vibration transmission time difference with respect to the first vibration detector 2a is (L1 + L2) / v.
- FIG. 9 is a frequency distribution diagram of the time difference of vibration detection between the first vibration detection unit 2a and the second vibration detection unit 3 when the taps for each of the areas A1 to A3 are repeatedly performed a plurality of times.
- the frequency distribution of the arrival time difference to each detection part of the vibration caused by the tap to each area A1 to A3 varies in a normal distribution. Since the distribution is a normal distribution centering on the vibration transmission time difference with reference to the first vibration detector 2a in FIG. 8, the input information specifying means 5 of the first embodiment sets the upper and lower thresholds in the areas A1 to A3. When the calculated time difference is included between the two threshold values, it is determined that there is a tap for the corresponding area.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the threshold value of the vibration transmission time difference corresponding to each of the areas A1 to A3.
- the vibration transmission time difference is divided into upper and lower limits for each of the areas A1 to A3.
- the transmission of vibration depends on the speed of vibration transmission according to the ratio of each component of the finger for each operator, the variation of the contact position within the same area even for the same operator, the contact state with the portable device 10 when the body is, etc. Since there is variation, in the present embodiment, the threshold is set based on the standard deviation within a range in which the values for determining each of the areas A1 to A3 do not overlap. Further, the trial data of a plurality of times including the variation of each threshold value and detection data is stored in the database unit 7 in advance.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a data table stored in the database unit 7.
- This data table includes the upper and lower thresholds of the vibration transmission time difference between the first vibration detectors 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d with respect to the second vibration detector 3, and the code signal ( Input information data).
- This table data statistically measures the vibration transmission time difference when each input area A is pushed in a plurality of times in advance, and plus or minus the standard deviation centered on the average value of the normal distribution. It is created by making it a value and associating it with each input area A.
- the upper limit threshold and the lower limit threshold of each input area A of the vibration time difference detected by the ring finger that is, the first vibration detection unit 2 c and the second vibration detection unit 3 are mainly represented.
- the threshold value is stored in the database unit 7, but the threshold value may be captured as part of the determination flow of the input information specifying unit 5.
- the information presentation means 8 equipped in the portable device 10 receives the code signal from the input information specifying means 5 of the input device 9 and displays the symbols, data, and functions indicated by the code signal.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the operation of the mobile device 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the following description of the operation is an embodiment of the information input method of the present invention.
- any one of the first vibration detection units 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d is performed.
- the second vibration detection unit 3 outputs a vibration waveform, which is a set of values detected by the vibration detection sensor 42 for each sampling period, to the input information specifying unit 5 as detection data, and the input information specifying unit 5 performs timer management. Based on the time interval indicated by the timing data from the control means 6, the vibration waveform signal from the time when the input of the detection data is detected to a certain time later is input (step S101 in FIG. 12).
- the input information specifying means 5 calculates the time when the vibration caused by the user's input tap operation reaches one of the first vibration detectors 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the second detector 3 (see FIG. 6). The arrival time difference is calculated from each time (step S102 in FIG. 12).
- the input information specifying means 5 reads the table data (see FIG. 11) stored in advance in the database unit 7, specifies the position tapped by the user based on the calculated time difference, and outputs the corresponding code signal. (Step S103 in FIG. 12).
- the information presenting means 8 receives the code signal from the input information specifying means 5, and displays symbols, data, and functions corresponding to the code signal (step S104 in FIG. 12).
- the contact position is determined from the time difference of vibration transmission due to the difference in the transmission path of the vibration due to the impact force when the user touches the input area A. Since it specifies, the input area A which receives input operation can be allocated to a part of a user's body, and the input part on the portable apparatus 10 can be made small.
- the input information specifying means 5 in the present embodiment may be configured such that the function content is programmed and executed by a computer.
- the portable device 10 assumes that the left hand of the user is an input unit, and the first vibration detection units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the second vibration detection unit 3 are used. However, if the arrangement positions of the first vibration detection units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the second vibration detection unit 3 are changed, the user's right hand can be used as the input unit.
- the mobile device 10 may be provided with a first vibration detection unit at a position corresponding to the user's thumb. By providing a detection unit corresponding to the thumb, an input area A corresponding to the “clear” key and the “decision” key can be secured.
- [A] to [WA] are used as predetermined symbols and data assigned to the code signal, but alphabets such as [A] to [Z], [0] to [9]. Such a number may be used.
- first vibration detection units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the second vibration detection unit 3 are as shown in FIG. 13 such as a case below the vibration detection sensor 42 or the end side of the key top 41. You may make it provide the vibration proof material 44 which attenuates a vibration in the part which is in contact with the body. Thereby, noise to other vibration detection units can be reduced.
- a band that cuts the frequency of the detection data output from the first vibration detection units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the second vibration detection unit other than the frequency band used as an impact by the user's tap operation You may comprise so that a pass filter, a smoothing filter, etc. may be passed. With this configuration, noise can be removed.
- the arrangement positions of the first vibration detection units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the second vibration detection unit 3 may be anywhere as long as the user's body is in contact therewith.
- the second vibration detection unit 3 is commonly used for all fingers, but may be configured to provide a detection unit dedicated to each finger.
- the input information specifying means 5 may operate so that the vibration detection time is the time when the amplitude of the vibration waveform exceeds the threshold (see FIG. 14), or the time of the minimum value of the waveform. (See FIG. 15). Although these detection times often depend on values such as noise, it is easy to extract the detection times.
- the input area A is not limited to the user's hand or finger, and may be adapted to each part of the body.
- the user may stand on the mobile device 10, acquire vibration transmission on the left and right soles with the first detection unit, and specify the position of the tap operation on the knee or thigh. .
- the portable device 10 of the present embodiment can be used even by a person who has a physical disability and wears a prosthetic limb.
- the vibration transmitted through the tip of the fingertip of the prosthetic hand or the prosthetic finger can be acquired by the first vibration detecting unit 2a, and the input operation can be specified.
- an input unit that accepts an operation is allocated to the user's body, an input space that is large enough for the operation can be secured. As a result, input errors can be reduced and input time can be reduced.
- the user since the user can feel that the input has been made by touching the body, the user can recognize where the input is being made without looking at the operation part. .
- the detection part which detects an input exists only in the contact part of an apparatus and a body, there is no troublesome to wind a detection member around a body, and it is excellent in portability.
- the body of the holder is used as the vibration detection sensor 42 (see FIG. 4) equipped in the first vibration detection units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the second vibration detection unit 3 shown in FIG.
- the vibration detection sensor 42 see FIG. 4
- a bone conduction microphone in which an element whose resistance value is changed by strain was molded with a resin was used.
- the second vibration detector 3 is arranged at the base of the holder's index finger and the first vibration detector 2a is arranged at the fingertip of the index finger.
- the vibration transmitted through the holder's body was detected when touching the input area A of the hand.
- the value was calculated
- FIG. 28 shows the time difference and frequency of vibration detection between the first vibration detection unit 2a and the second vibration detection unit 3 when tapping is repeated on the input areas A1, A2 and A3 shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 28 is a frequency distribution graph in which the horizontal axis represents the time difference (vibration transmission time difference) between the signal waveforms detected by the first vibration detection unit 2a and the second vibration detection unit 3, and the vertical axis represents the detection frequency.
- the detection frequency for each time range of 0.00005 [s] is indicated by “ ⁇ ” for the first area A1, “ ⁇ ” for the second area A2, and “ ⁇ ” for the third area A3.
- the variation in the vibration transmission time difference is a normal distribution
- the graph of the normal distribution can be expressed as [Equation 1] by the average value ⁇ and the standard deviation ⁇ .
- the normal distribution graphs at A1, A2 and A3 are the first area-normal distribution (e in FIG. 28), the second area-normal distribution (f in FIG. 28), and the third area-normal distribution (g in FIG. 28). )become that way. In this way, it can be seen from FIG. 28 that there is no problem even if the variation in vibration transmission time difference is a normal distribution.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a lower limit and an upper limit of the threshold value of the vibration transmission time difference for specifying the input areas A1, A2, and A3. 29 shows the average value ⁇ and standard deviation value ⁇ of the vibration transmission time differences applied to the input areas A1, A2 and A3, and the average value ⁇ and standard deviation calculated from the vibration transmission time difference and the frequency shown in FIG. The lower limit and the upper limit of the threshold value of each input area A1, A2, A3 calculated based on the value ⁇ are shown.
- the lower limit value and the upper limit value for each input area A1, A2, A3 shown in FIG. 29 are calculated based on the confidence interval ⁇ ⁇ 3 ⁇ having a reliability of 99.73%, and between the upper limit value and the lower limit value.
- the range does not overlap in the first area A1 and the second area A2, but overlap is seen in the second area A2 and the third area A3, and the lower limit of the third area A3 from the upper limit value of the second area A2. The value was smaller.
- a common threshold for both areas was assigned from the ratio of the standard deviation of each input area from the values at both ends of the overlapping.
- the division ratio is determined by the ratio of the deviation “0.000314” and the standard deviation “0.000267” of the second area A2.
- “0.000745” is set as a final threshold value for specifying the boundary between the second area A2 and the third area A3.
- This threshold value corresponds to a standard deviation of 76.36 for the third area A3 and a standard deviation of 75.09 for the second area 12, and is a confidence interval having high reliability.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating a result of an operation experiment performed on each of the input areas A1, A2, and A3 using each threshold value set based on each value illustrated in FIG.
- any one of the input areas A1, A2 and A3 is designated at random, and predetermined information, data, and function contents associated with the designated input area are displayed on the information presentation means 8, and the operation is performed.
- the person performed a tap operation on the input area corresponding to the display, and determined whether the tap position specified by the input information specifying means 5 according to the tap operation and the designated input area displayed earlier were correct.
- FIG. 30 shows the correct answer of the tap position specified by the input information specifying means 5 based on the threshold set based on the confidence interval ⁇ ⁇ 3 ⁇ when the above-mentioned experiment is performed about 1000 times with the input area specified at random.
- the percentage of correct answers for each of the input areas A1, A2, and A3 is indicated by “ ⁇ ” when the correct answer rate is 95% or more, “ ⁇ ” when 90% or more and less than 95%, and “ ⁇ ” when less than 90%. ing.
- the input information specifying means 5 can accurately specify the tap position, and the reliability of the input device 9 Became high.
- FIGS. 16A, 16B, and 17 are views showing the appearance of the mobile device 20 of the second embodiment.
- the portable device 20 according to the second embodiment includes first vibration detection units 22a, 22b, and 22c on the front surface of a card-sized casing. , 22d, and a second vibration detector 23 on the rear surface of the housing.
- FIG. 16A when the user's thumb is in contact with any one of the first vibration detection units 22a, 22b, 22c, and 22d, input is performed between the joints on the back side of the thumb.
- Area B can be allocated.
- a predetermined symbol or data is obtained by combining each input area B of one finger and the first vibration detectors 22a, 22b, 22c, and 22d. A function is assigned.
- the area B1 is an area corresponding to the [sa] number key
- area B2 is an [ka] number key
- area B3 is an area corresponding to the [a] number key.
- the area B1 has a [no] number key
- the area B2 has a [na] number key
- the area B3 has an [ta] number key. It becomes an area corresponding to.
- the input device 29 according to the second embodiment has predetermined symbols and data assigned to the input area B depending on which of the first vibration detection units 22a, 22b, 22c, and 22d is in contact with the thumb. , Function can be changed.
- FIG. 18 is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of the mobile device 20 of the second embodiment.
- the portable device 20 of the second embodiment is similar to the portable device 10 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and the first vibration detectors 22 a, 22 b, 22 c, 22 d and the second And an input device 29 including an input information specifying unit 25, a timer management control unit 26, a database unit 27, and an information presentation unit 8. Has been.
- the first vibration detectors 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d and the second vibration detector 23 detect the vibration of the contact object and output detection data that is time-series data of vibration.
- the input information specifying means 25 receives the detection data from the first vibration detectors 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d and the second vibration detector 23, the bone, muscle, tendon, joint, skin of the user's body, In consideration of physical vibration characteristics such as blood, in order to reflect only the physical vibration characteristics in the input position detection, the tapped input is made by comparing the detection data with the data table stored in the database unit 27 in advance. The position of area B is specified, and a code signal corresponding to that position is output.
- the first vibration detection unit 22a and the second vibration detection unit 23 are installed at positions where the vibration in the coaxial direction is detected. .
- the second vibration detection unit 23 is provided with two vibration transmission paths: a vibration transmission path 100 that transmits a user's hand and an in-device transmission path 200 that transmits the inside of the device. A vibration wave synthesized with vibration is detected.
- the input information specifying unit 25 transmits the vibration transmitted through the body transmission path 100 from the vibration waveform detected later among the vibrations detected by the first vibration detection unit 22a and the second vibration detection unit 23. Only the waveform is extracted and calculation processing for specifying the contact position is performed.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a process of extracting the vibration waveform of the body transmission path 100 from the synthesized wave.
- 20A shows the signal waveform output from the first vibration detection unit 22a
- FIG. 20B shows the signal waveform output from the second vibration detection unit 23.
- a combined wave of vibrations from is detected.
- the input information specifying unit 25 uses the transfer function when vibration is transmitted inside the device, multiplies the vibration waveform detected by the first vibration detection unit 22a by the transfer function, and the vibration is transmitted in the in-device transmission path 200.
- the estimated waveform when passing through is calculated.
- FIG. 20C illustrates an estimation when the signal waveform output from the first vibration detection unit 22a (see FIG. 20A) reaches the second vibration detection unit 23 through the in-device transmission path 200.
- the waveform is shown.
- the estimated value is a vibration waveform having a time delay from the vibration waveform detected by the first vibration detection unit 22a.
- the input information specifying unit 25 subtracts the estimated waveform from the vibration waveform detected by the second vibration detection unit 23, and calculates the vibration waveform that has reached the second vibration detection unit 23 through the body transmission path 100.
- FIG. 20 (d) is a diagram showing a vibration waveform that has reached the second vibration detection unit 23 from the body transmission path 100.
- the input information specifying unit 25 performs processing for reflecting only the physical vibration characteristics in the input position detection, and the vibration waveform detected by the first vibration detection unit 22a (see FIG. 20A). ) And the vibration waveform (see FIG. 20D) detected by the second vibration detection unit 23 from the body transmission path 100, the vibration detection time difference due to the tap operation of the user is calculated.
- the input information specifying unit 25 calculates an estimated waveform when the vibration waveform detected by the first vibration detection unit 22a passes through the in-device transmission path 200 will be described in detail.
- FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing a process for calculating the waveform when the vibration detected by the first vibration detection unit 22a reaches the second vibration detection unit 23 through the in-device transmission path 200 by frequency conversion. is there.
- the input information specifying unit 25 calculates an estimated value of the vibration waveform when the vibration waveform detected by the first vibration detection unit 22a reaches the second vibration detection unit 23 through the in-device transmission path 200.
- the function X ( ⁇ ) is calculated by converting the vibration waveform x (t) detected by the first vibration detector 22a from the time domain to the frequency domain.
- the vibration waveform transmitted to the hand by the tap operation of the user is a vibration waveform including various frequencies, and the vibration waveform transmitted through the body transmission path 100 and the in-device transmission path 200 is vibration attenuation and phase delay for each frequency component. Therefore, it is necessary to convert to the frequency domain. In this embodiment, it is configured to perform conversion using fast Fourier transform (FFT).
- FFT fast Fourier transform
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a terminal internal transfer function.
- the output vibration relative to the input vibration when the vibration passes through the in-device transmission path 200 can be calculated from Gain which is an amplitude ratio of vibration for each frequency and Phase which is a vibration phase difference.
- the vibration waveform detected by the first vibration detection unit 22a is an input waveform of the vibration waveform passing through the in-device transmission path 200
- the second vibration detection unit 23 detects the vibration waveform by integration with the transfer function G ( ⁇ ). Only the vibration waveform that has reached through the in-device transmission path 200 can be calculated.
- the frequency domain function X ( ⁇ ) and transfer function G ( ⁇ ) of the vibration waveform detected by the first vibration detector 22a are such that Gain is the amplitude spectrum A ( ⁇ ) and Phase is the phase spectrum ⁇ ( ⁇ ).
- the polar form A ( ⁇ ) exp (j ⁇ ( ⁇ )) can be expressed.
- ⁇ is a frequency and j is an imaginary unit.
- the frequency domain function X ( ⁇ ) and the transfer function G ( ⁇ ) of the vibration waveform detected by the first vibration detector 22a are integrated in this polar form. Further, the transfer function gain and phase for each frequency are configured to be stored in the database unit 7 in advance.
- the input information specifying unit 25 performs inverse frequency conversion of the function Y ( ⁇ ) obtained by integrating the transfer function G ( ⁇ ) to the function X ( ⁇ ).
- Y ( ⁇ ) which is the sum of X ( ⁇ ) and G ( ⁇ )
- Y ( ⁇ ) represents the vibration waveform that has passed through the in-device transmission path 200 estimated from the vibration waveform detected by the first vibration detector 22a.
- inverse Fourier transform is performed to convert to the time domain.
- the input information specifying unit 25 in the second embodiment uses the transfer function of the in-device transmission path 200 stored in advance in the database unit 27 to detect the first vibration through the in-device transmission path 200. Obtained by subtracting the estimated waveform from the vibration waveforms detected by the first vibration detecting unit 22a and the second vibration detecting unit 23, and estimating the vibration waveform reaching the unit 22a or the second vibration detecting unit 23. The detection time difference is calculated using the obtained waveform.
- the portable device 20 of the second embodiment is not limited to the card type as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, but as shown in FIG. 23, the first vibration detectors 22a to 22d and the second vibration
- the present invention can also be applied to a configuration in which the detection unit 23 is arranged on the device side surface and detects a vibration in the coaxial direction.
- the input information specifying unit 25 temporarily converts the waveform detected by the first vibration detection unit 22a into the frequency domain, performs integration with the transfer function, and inversely converts the waveform into the time domain, thereby transmitting the signal within the device.
- the waveform transmitted through the path 200 is calculated, the present invention is not limited to this, and the gain that is the amplitude ratio at the vibration frequency of the main component of the hand vibration caused by the tap operation of the user and the phase that is the vibration phase difference are used.
- the waveform transmitted through the in-device transmission path 200 may be calculated.
- the input information specifying unit 25 equalizes the amplitude of the vibration waveform from the first vibration detection unit 22 by the gain that is the amplitude ratio, and further, the phase that is the vibration phase difference is the vibration frequency that is the main component of the vibration.
- the vibration waveform transmitted through the in-device transmission path 200 can be calculated by dividing by and shifting the time phase difference. With this configuration, the main components of the vibration caused by the tap operation need to be approximately equal, and there is a restriction that a certain input operation must be performed, but the vibration waveform transmitted through the in-device transmission path 200 is calculated. In addition, since it is not necessary to perform frequency conversion and inverse frequency conversion, which are conversions between the time domain and the frequency domain, it is possible to reduce the amount of calculation.
- the input information specifying unit 25 performs conversion into the frequency domain and inverse conversion, the noise in the waveforms detected by the first vibration detection unit 22 and the second vibration detection unit 23 at this time is filtered. You may comprise so that it may remove by.
- the first vibration detectors 22a to 22d and the second vibration detector 23 are structured as shown in FIG. 13, and the vibration detection sensor 42 such as the wiring board 43 is provided.
- the vibration isolating material 44 for the portion fixed to the housing, the vibration passing through the in-device transmission path 200 may be used in combination with a method of passively attenuating.
- the operation of the mobile device 20 of the second embodiment will be described.
- the following description of the operation describes the operation of the portable device 20 of the second embodiment when the user's thumb is in contact with the first vibration detection unit 22a and the index finger is in contact with the second vibration detection unit 23. ing.
- FIG. 24 is a flowchart showing the operation of the input information specifying means 25.
- the input information specifying means 25 first inputs a signal waveform having a fixed time length from the first vibration detection unit 22a and the second vibration detection unit 23 (step s201 in FIG. 24).
- an estimated value of the signal waveform that has reached the second vibration detection unit 23 through the in-device transmission path 200 is calculated (step s202 in FIG. 24).
- This signal waveform is subtracted from the signal waveform detected by the second vibration detection unit 23 to calculate a waveform transmitted through the body transmission path 100 and reaching the second vibration detection unit 23 (step s203 in FIG. 24). ).
- a detection time difference between the waveform transmitted through the body transmission path 100 and reaching the second vibration detection unit 23 and the signal waveform detected by the first vibration detection unit 22 is calculated (step s204 in FIG. 24). Then, a code signal corresponding to this detection time difference is selected from the table data stored in the database unit 27, and the code signal is output to the information presenting means 8 (step s205 in FIG. 24).
- step s202 in FIG. 24 the operation (step s202 in FIG. 24) in which the input information specifying unit 25 calculates the signal waveform of the in-device transmission path 200 will be described in more detail.
- FIG. 25 is a flowchart showing the in-device transmission waveform calculation operation of the input information specifying means 25.
- the input information specifying unit 25 receives the vibration waveform from the first vibration detection unit 22a and the second vibration detection unit 23, first, the signal waveform from the first vibration detection unit 22a is obtained using fast Fourier transform. Conversion from the time domain to the frequency domain is performed (step s302 in FIG. 25).
- the transfer function of the in-device transfer path 200 is read from the database unit 7, and the transfer function is added to the signal waveform from the first vibration detection unit 22a converted to the frequency domain (step s303 in FIG. 25). Then, the function obtained by the integration is subjected to inverse Fourier transform to transform from the frequency domain to the time domain (step s304 in FIG. 25).
- the amplitude ratio at the vibration frequency of the main component of the vibration caused by the tap operation is calculated.
- the vibration waveform transmitted only through the in-device transmission path 200 is obtained by multiplying the amplitude of the vibration waveform from the first vibration detecting unit 22 by the gain which is the amplitude ratio, and further, the Phase which is the vibration phase difference is It can be calculated by shifting the time phase difference divided by the vibration frequency that is the main component.
- FIG. 24 is an external view showing the configuration of the mobile device 30 of the third embodiment.
- 24A and 24B are perspective views of the mobile device 30 according to the third embodiment
- FIG. 24C is a front view of the mobile device 30 according to the third embodiment.
- the mobile device 30 includes first vibration detection units 32a, 32b, and 32c and a second vibration detection unit 33, similarly to the mobile device 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG.
- the input unit 34, the input information specifying unit 35, the timer management control unit 36, the input unit 39 including the database unit 37, and the information presentation unit 8 are configured.
- the portable device 30 has a structure in which only the frame provided on the side surface slides, and the first vibration detection units 32a to 32c and the second vibration detectors are provided on the frame.
- the vibration detection unit 33 is provided.
- the first vibration detectors 32a to 32c are arranged at positions where the second joint of the palm of the user holding the portable device 30 is in contact, and the second vibration detector 33 is a mother near the thumb of the palm. It is arranged at a position where the finger ball comes into contact.
- the input area C is arranged in the palm of the user.
- the input area C is allocated on the plane of the palm of the user, among the plurality of input areas C, the third area C1, the second area C2, and the second area C in order from the second vibration detection unit 32. Let it be area C2 and first area C1. Further, since the input area C is allocated within one plane, when a force is applied to the input area C, vibrations are detected by all of the first vibration detectors 32a to 32c.
- the input information specifying means 35 calculates the detection time difference of each of the first vibration detection units 32a to 32d with respect to the second vibration detection unit 33, and refers to the data table stored in the database unit 37.
- the position of the input area C tapped by the user is specified based on the correlation between the detection time differences, and a code signal corresponding to the position is output. Thereby, the input area C arranged two-dimensionally on one surface such as a palm can be set.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data table stored in the database unit 37.
- This data table is information representing the correspondence between the upper and lower thresholds of the vibration transmission time difference of each of the first vibration detectors 32a to 32d with respect to the second vibration detector 33 and the code signal.
- FIG. 27 is a data table in the case of setting the input area C with the arrangement as shown in FIG.
- the “ta” number is close to the second vibration detection unit 33, and the vibration from the “ta” number position is delayed from the second vibration detection unit 33 and the first vibration detection units 32a to 32a. Therefore, the lower limit threshold value and the upper limit threshold value are set around a positive value whose phase is delayed as the transmission time difference corresponding to the number “Ta”. Since the vibration from the position of “NA” is detected almost simultaneously by the first vibration detectors 32a to 32c and the second vibration detector 33, the transmission time difference corresponding to “TA” is the time difference.
- the lower limit threshold and the upper limit threshold are set around the vicinity of 0.
- the number “ha” is arranged at a position close to the first vibration detection unit 32 b, and the vibration from the position “ha” is the first vibration detection unit prior to the second vibration detection unit 33. Since the detection is performed at 32a to 32c, the lower limit threshold and the upper limit threshold are set centering around a negative value that advances the phase as the transmission time difference corresponding to the number “ha”.
- the first vibration detection unit 32b with which the ring finger contacts is closest to the “ha” number.
- the detection time difference between the first vibration detection unit 32b and the second vibration detection unit 33 is set to be the largest.
- the first vibration detection unit 32a with which the middle finger is in contact is closest, so the detection time difference between the first vibration detection unit 32a and the second vibration detection unit 33 is set to be the largest. Has been.
- the user's hand holding the device body can be used as the input unit, it can be applied to a mobile phone or the like that is required to be downsized.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明に係る第1の実施形態の携帯機器10の構成を示す機能ブロック図である。図1に示すように、本第1実施形態の携帯機器10は、利用者の操作に従って文字コードなどの情報を入力する入力装置9を備えている。
また、携帯機器10は、利用者の親指に対応する位置に第1の振動検出部を設けてもよい。親指に対応する検出部を設けることで、「クリア」キー,「決定」キーに相当する入力エリアAを確保することができる。また、情報提示手段8において、コード信号に割り当てられた所定の記号やデータとして、[あ]~[わ]を用いたが、[A]~[Z]といった英字、[0]~[9]といった数字であってもよい。
次に、本発明に係る第2の実施形態について説明する。
次に、本発明に係る第3の実施形態について説明する。
3,23,33 第2の振動検出部
4,24 入力部
5,25 入力情報特定手段
6,26 タイマ管理制御手段
7,27 データベース
8 情報提示手段
9,29 入力装置
10,20,30 携帯機器
41 キートップ
42 振動検出センサ
43 配線基板
44 防振材料
100 身体伝達経路
200 機器内伝達経路
Claims (17)
- 物体の一部がタップされた場合の当該物体を伝達した振動を検出する第1の振動検出部と、
前記物体における前記第1の振動検出部の振動検出位置とは異なる位置で当該物体を伝達した振動を検出する第2の振動検出部とを備え、
前記第1の振動検出部に検出された振動と第2の振動検出部に検出された振動の一方を基準にした検出時刻の差である検出時間差を算出し、この時間差に基づいて前記物体におけるタップされた位置を特定する入力情報特定手段とを備えたことを特徴とする情報入力装置。 - 前記検出時間差と前記物体に対するタップ位置との対応関係が設定されたデータテーブルを予め記憶したデータベース部を備え、
前記入力情報特定手段は、前記データベース部に記憶されたデータテーブルを検索して、前記算出した検出時間差に対応する前記タップ位置を特定することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の情報入力装置。 - 前記入力情報特定手段は、前記特定したタップ位置に対応するコード信号を出力することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の情報入力装置。
- 前記入力情報特定手段は、第1の振動検出部及び第2の振動検出部の一方で検出された振動が装置内部に入力して伝達し他方の検出部に到達した際のその振動成分を、予め設定された伝達関数に従って推定し、この推定した振動成分を他方の検出振動から減算したものを当該他方の検出部による検出振動として前記検出時間差を演算することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の情報入力装置。
- 前記第1の振動検出部及び第2の振動検出部は、前記物体からの振動を検出するのにノイズとなる振動を遮断するための防振材料を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の情報入力装置。
- 前記第1の振動検出部及び第2の振動検出部は、一方向以上の振動を検出するセンサを含む構成であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の情報入力装置。
- 前記第1の振動検出部を複数備え、
前記入力情報特定手段は、複数の第1の振動検出部に検出された振動と前記第2の振動検出部に検出された振動との検出時刻の差を個別に算出し、この複数の検出時間差に基づいて前記タップ位置を特定することを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載の情報入力装置。 - 前記物体が、利用者の身体であると共に、
前記データベース部は、前記検出時間差と前記タップ位置との人間の身体的特徴に基づく対応関係が設定されたデータテーブルを記憶したことを特徴とする請求項2乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の情報入力装置。 - 請求項1乃至8のいずれか一項に記載の情報入力装置を実装した携帯機器。
- 物体の一部がタップされた場合の当該物体を伝達した振動を検出するとともに、この検出位置とは異なる位置で当該物体を伝達した振動を検出し、
この検出された2つの振動の一方を基準とした検出時刻の差である検出時間差を算出し、
この時間差に基づいて前記物体におけるタップ位置を特定することを特徴とする情報入力方法。 - 前記物体に対するタップ位置を特定した後に、
その特定されたタップ位置に対応するコード信号を出力することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の情報入力方法。 - 前記検出された振動の一方が前記物体の外を伝達して他方の検出位置に到達した際のその振動成分を、予め設定された伝達関数に従って推定し、この推定した振動成分を他方の検出振動から減算したものを、当該他方の検出振動として前記検出時間差を演算することを特徴とする請求項10または11に記載の情報入力方法。
- 前記物体における3箇所以上の位置で振動を検出し、
1つの検出位置で検出された振動を基準として他の各検出位置で検出された振動との検出時刻の差を個別に算出し、この複数の検出時間差に基づいて前記タップ位置を特定することを特徴とする請求項10乃至12のいずれか一項に記載の情報入力方法。 - 前記物体が、使用者の身体であることを特徴とする請求項10乃至13のいずれか一項に記載の情報入力方法。
- 物体の一部がタップされた場合の当該物体を伝達した振動を当該物体における異なる位置で検出する第1及び第2の振動検出部から出力される振動情報を入力する機能と、
この入力された両振動情報の一方を基準とした振動検出時刻の差である検出時間差を算出する検出時間差算出機能と、
この時間差に基づいて前記物体におけるタップ位置を特定する入力情報特定機能とをコンピュータに実行させることを特徴とする情報入力用プログラム。 - 前記入力情報特定機能は、前記特定されたタップ位置に対応するコード信号を出力する機能であることを特徴とする請求項15に記載の情報入力用プログラム。
- 前記検出時間差算出機能は、前記第1及び第2の振動検出部で検出された振動の一方が前記物体の外を伝達して他方の検出位置に到達した際のその振動成分を、予め設定された伝達関数に従って推定し、この推定した振動成分を他方の検出振動から減算したものを、当該他方の検出振動として前記検出時間差を演算する機能であることを特徴とする請求項15または16に記載の情報入力用プログラム。
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JPWO2010024030A1 (ja) | 2012-01-26 |
US10185356B2 (en) | 2019-01-22 |
US20110134063A1 (en) | 2011-06-09 |
JP5338815B2 (ja) | 2013-11-13 |
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