WO2009153360A1 - Metodo de control para estructura de conversion de corriente continua a corriente alterna - Google Patents
Metodo de control para estructura de conversion de corriente continua a corriente alterna Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009153360A1 WO2009153360A1 PCT/ES2008/000432 ES2008000432W WO2009153360A1 WO 2009153360 A1 WO2009153360 A1 WO 2009153360A1 ES 2008000432 W ES2008000432 W ES 2008000432W WO 2009153360 A1 WO2009153360 A1 WO 2009153360A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- stage
- current
- control method
- conversion structure
- structure according
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/538—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a push-pull configuration
- H02M7/53803—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
- H02M7/5395—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Definitions
- the invention provides a control method applicable to dc / ac conversion structures (direct current / alternating current), especially designed for photovoltaic systems, which aims to improve the performance of the conversion structure.
- the invention may also be applicable in other fields of energy generation, such as the generation of energy by electrochemical cells or wind energy.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a photovoltaic converter formed by the union of a dc / dc stage and another dc / ac stage.
- the dc / dc stage controls the input voltage of the converter to extract the maximum power from the photovoltaic field, while the dc / ac stage regulates the bus voltage by controlling the amplitude of the current injected into the network.
- the dc / dc stage regulates the bus voltage and the dc / ac stage controls the output voltage provided by the converter to the loads.
- the respective control loops will determine the setpoints that are introduced to the modulator of each stage to establish the on and off orders of the different transistors that constitute the stage.
- the modulators used are usually of the PWM type (Pulse Width Modulation) or vector.
- the value of the bus voltage required is determined by: the type of dc / ac conversion structure used, the value of the mains voltage or output sinusoidal voltage in the case of isolated systems, and the voltage that falls into the inductance of the converter.
- the minimum voltage applied by the inverter dc / ac stage at its output (Vi nVi ⁇ i i n ) must be greater than the sum of the peak value of the grid voltage (or sinusoidal output voltage in isolated systems) (V network ), and the voltage that falls into the inductance of the converter (V L) , as can be seen in Figure 2.
- the voltage applied to the output of the dc / ac stage depends on the topology used.
- V sref bU, min can be expressed as:
- V 'busref min - ⁇ / JC v .
- V busrefM ⁇ K ⁇ V network 2 + V 2
- the bus voltage decreases when working with low mains voltages, which reduces the switching losses of the semiconductors.
- the reference value of the bus voltage is usually increased with respect to the minimum value indicated in the previous cases.
- a margin of maneuver is allowed during possible transients and at the same time the quality of the current injected into the network is improved.
- the quality of the current injected into the network is evaluated by the THD (Total Harmonic Distortion), a factor that measures the amplitude of the harmonics against the fundamental.
- Figure 4 shows, by way of example, the evolution of the current in the coil (L / 2) and the output voltage of a single-phase dc / ac stage of H-bridge, operating according to the prior art method explained above. , for a bus voltage reference of 10% higher than the peak value of the mains voltage.
- Losses associated with control electronics This group includes losses of the source of power supply and losses of the control circuitry (integrated circuits, resistors, microprocessors ).
- a dc / ac structure commonly used in photovoltaic converters is the H-bridge (figure 3) with unipolar PWM modulation, a structure that has demonstrated a good performance-complexity ratio.
- H-bridge figure 3
- dc / ac conversion topologies have been developed that have lower losses, such as those described in EP1369985, US2005286281, or WO2008015298A1. These topologies improve the performance of the dc / ac structure, but increase the complexity of the conversion structure.
- the present invention corresponds to a control method applicable to dc / ac conversion structures, especially applicable to electronic converters for photovoltaic systems, and more specifically to conversion structures formed by the combination of one or more dc / dc stages. with one or several stages dc / ac.
- the proposed control method allows to reduce the switching losses of the semiconductors, improving the performance of the conversion structure.
- the invention may also be applicable in other fields of energy generation in which dc / ac conversion structures are used, such as the generation of energy by electrochemical cells or wind energy.
- the present invention proposes to implement a new control method in the electronic converter formed by at least one dc / ac stage with their respective loops of control.
- Said control method comprises the following phases:
- this new loop will cause the modulator to enter controlled saturation during the mains voltage maximum.
- the transistors of the dc / ac structure stop switching during the moments in which the current is maximum, significantly reducing the switching losses.
- the saturation input of the modulator produces a deformation of the output current and therefore an increase of the THD of current with respect to the state of the art.
- the value of the THD is controlled, guaranteeing a preset value at all times.
- the relationship between the current THD and the time the modulator remains saturated makes it possible to calculate the reference value of the bus voltage, by means of a regulator that controls the saturation time of each dc / ac stage during a certain period of weather. This period of time can be a multiple or submultiple of the grid voltage.
- a voltage control loop determines the amplitude of the output current of each dc / ac stage. Subsequently, at least one current control loop of each dc / ac stage determines the reference that is introduced to the modulator of each dc / ac stage.
- the invention contemplates the case in which there is at least one dc / dc stage at the input, controlling the bus voltage through said stage.
- a voltage control loop determines the amplitude of the current of the dc / dc stages.
- at least one current control loop of each dc / dc stage determines the reference that is introduced to the modulator of each dc / ac stage.
- the dc / ac stages referred to above may be of the single-phase or three-phase type. In addition, they may be of the multilevel type. The invention may also be applicable in other fields of energy generation, such as the generation of energy by electrochemical cells or wind energy.
- Figure 1 shows a scheme of a generic photovoltaic converter of the prior art.
- Figure 2 shows the relationship between the voltage applied by the inverter dc / ac stage at its output (V inV / m i n ), the peak value of the mains voltage (V mains ) and the voltage that falls into the inductance of the converter (V L ).
- Figure 3 shows a stage dc / ac inverter of bridge in H of the state of the art.
- Figure 4 shows the evolution of the current in the coil and the output voltage of a single-phase dc / ac stage of the H-bridge of the previous figure, and operating according to the state of the art method explained above, for a reference voltage of 350V bus and a mains voltage of 230V.
- Figure 5 shows a preferred embodiment of the proposed invention.
- Figure 6 shows a second preferred embodiment of the proposed invention.
- Figure 7 shows by way of example the evolution of the current in the coil and the output voltage of a single phase dc / ac stage of H-bridge with unipolar PWM modulation after applying the proposed control method.
- Figure 5 shows a preferred embodiment of the proposed control method.
- V bUs ref the reference value of the bus voltage
- the THD error is calculated from a reference THD value (THD ref ) and the measured current THD (THD).
- the reference value of the bus voltage (V bu3 ref ) is obtained from a regulator (Reg) that controls the saturation time of the modulator per network period, taking into account the error in saturation times and the value of the mains voltage (V bus ref ), for this: -
- the saturation time error of the modulator is calculated from a reference value (t sat re ⁇ / * and the measured saturation time (t sat ) - Said saturation time error is introduced to the ⁇ Reg) regulator.
- the output value of the regulator (Reg) is subtracted from the peak value of the mains voltage (V mains ) thus obtaining the reference bus voltage (V £, us ref) •
- Figure 7 shows by way of example the evolution of the current I (L) in the coil (L) and the output voltage (VAB) of a single phase dc / ac stage of H-bridge with unipolar PWM modulation after applying the method of proposed control.
- the proposed control method allows to improve the performance of the converter thanks to the reduction of the bus voltage and the suppression of commutations.
- a bus voltage control loop is incorporated which determines the amplitude of each output current of each dc / ac stage.
- Another preferred embodiment is characterized by incorporating at least one current control loop that determines each reference that is introduced to the modulator.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2008357911A AU2008357911B2 (en) | 2008-06-17 | 2008-06-17 | Control method for a structure converting direct current into alternating current |
US12/996,815 US8638579B2 (en) | 2008-06-17 | 2008-06-17 | Method for controlling a conversion structure for converting direct current to alternating current |
ES08787613.2T ES2469594T3 (es) | 2008-06-17 | 2008-06-17 | Método de control para un aparato que convierte corriente continua en corriente alterna |
EP08787613.2A EP2320552B1 (en) | 2008-06-17 | 2008-06-17 | Control method for an apparatus converting direct current into alternating current |
CN2008801299742A CN102084583A (zh) | 2008-06-17 | 2008-06-17 | 用于对将直流转换成交流的转换结构进行控制的方法 |
PCT/ES2008/000432 WO2009153360A1 (es) | 2008-06-17 | 2008-06-17 | Metodo de control para estructura de conversion de corriente continua a corriente alterna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2008/000432 WO2009153360A1 (es) | 2008-06-17 | 2008-06-17 | Metodo de control para estructura de conversion de corriente continua a corriente alterna |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009153360A1 true WO2009153360A1 (es) | 2009-12-23 |
Family
ID=41433723
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2008/000432 WO2009153360A1 (es) | 2008-06-17 | 2008-06-17 | Metodo de control para estructura de conversion de corriente continua a corriente alterna |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8638579B2 (es) |
EP (1) | EP2320552B1 (es) |
CN (1) | CN102084583A (es) |
AU (1) | AU2008357911B2 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2469594T3 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2009153360A1 (es) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102011107737A1 (de) * | 2011-07-14 | 2013-01-17 | Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover | Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Direktumrichters, elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung dafür, Direktumrichter und Computerprogramm |
CN104471816B (zh) * | 2012-06-01 | 2019-01-15 | 香港大学 | 输入ac电压控制双向功率转换器 |
CN105474496A (zh) * | 2013-07-09 | 2016-04-06 | 香港大学 | 自适应ac和/或dc电源 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4482946A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1984-11-13 | Canadian Patents And Development Limited | Hybrid inverter |
EP1369985A2 (de) | 2002-05-15 | 2003-12-10 | Frauenhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Wechselrichter zum Umwandeln einer elektrischen Gleichspannung in einen Wechselstrom oder eine Wechselspannung |
US20050286281A1 (en) | 2004-06-25 | 2005-12-29 | Matthias Victor | Method of converting a direct current voltage from a source of direct current voltage, more specifically from a photovoltaic couse of direct current voltage, into a alternating current voltage |
WO2008015298A1 (es) | 2006-07-31 | 2008-02-07 | Ingeteam Energy, S.A. | Circuito inversor monofásico para acondicionar y convertir energía eléctrica de corriente continua en energía eléctrica de corriente alterna |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6021052A (en) * | 1997-09-22 | 2000-02-01 | Statpower Technologies Partnership | DC/AC power converter |
US7099169B2 (en) * | 2003-02-21 | 2006-08-29 | Distributed Power, Inc. | DC to AC inverter with single-switch bipolar boost circuit |
US20120290145A1 (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2012-11-15 | Madhuwanti Joshi | Single-stage grid-connected solar inverter for distributed reactive power generation |
-
2008
- 2008-06-17 EP EP08787613.2A patent/EP2320552B1/en active Active
- 2008-06-17 AU AU2008357911A patent/AU2008357911B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-06-17 CN CN2008801299742A patent/CN102084583A/zh active Pending
- 2008-06-17 ES ES08787613.2T patent/ES2469594T3/es active Active
- 2008-06-17 WO PCT/ES2008/000432 patent/WO2009153360A1/es active Application Filing
- 2008-06-17 US US12/996,815 patent/US8638579B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4482946A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1984-11-13 | Canadian Patents And Development Limited | Hybrid inverter |
EP1369985A2 (de) | 2002-05-15 | 2003-12-10 | Frauenhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Wechselrichter zum Umwandeln einer elektrischen Gleichspannung in einen Wechselstrom oder eine Wechselspannung |
US20050286281A1 (en) | 2004-06-25 | 2005-12-29 | Matthias Victor | Method of converting a direct current voltage from a source of direct current voltage, more specifically from a photovoltaic couse of direct current voltage, into a alternating current voltage |
WO2008015298A1 (es) | 2006-07-31 | 2008-02-07 | Ingeteam Energy, S.A. | Circuito inversor monofásico para acondicionar y convertir energía eléctrica de corriente continua en energía eléctrica de corriente alterna |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20110170326A1 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
AU2008357911A1 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
US8638579B2 (en) | 2014-01-28 |
CN102084583A (zh) | 2011-06-01 |
AU2008357911B2 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
EP2320552B1 (en) | 2014-05-07 |
EP2320552A1 (en) | 2011-05-11 |
ES2469594T3 (es) | 2014-06-18 |
EP2320552A4 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
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