WO2009147777A1 - 車載無線通信システム - Google Patents
車載無線通信システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009147777A1 WO2009147777A1 PCT/JP2009/001760 JP2009001760W WO2009147777A1 WO 2009147777 A1 WO2009147777 A1 WO 2009147777A1 JP 2009001760 W JP2009001760 W JP 2009001760W WO 2009147777 A1 WO2009147777 A1 WO 2009147777A1
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- vehicle
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- wireless communication
- wireless
- communication system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B15/00—Suppression or limitation of noise or interference
- H04B15/02—Reducing interference from electric apparatus by means located at or near the interfering apparatus
- H04B15/04—Reducing interference from electric apparatus by means located at or near the interfering apparatus the interference being caused by substantially sinusoidal oscillations, e.g. in a receiver or in a tape-recorder
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/02—Selection of wireless resources by user or terminal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2215/00—Reducing interference at the transmission system level
- H04B2215/064—Reduction of clock or synthesizer reference frequency harmonics
- H04B2215/065—Reduction of clock or synthesizer reference frequency harmonics by changing the frequency of clock or reference frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
- H04W72/541—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using the level of interference
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an in-vehicle wireless communication system in which a plurality of wireless devices that transmit and receive wireless signals are arranged in a vehicle interior to constitute a wireless network.
- In-vehicle information devices that continue to evolve in recent years centering on car navigation provide user applications that incorporate various wireless technologies.
- Typical examples include GPS (Global Positioning System), detection of own vehicle position by radio beacons, reception of broadcasts such as radio / TV, payment of charges by ETC (Electric Tool Collection System), mobile phones and wireless LAN (Local Area Network) ) And the like, and a short-range wireless communication system that connects a user device such as Bluetooth (registered trademark) and the in-vehicle information device.
- Bluetooth registered trademark
- the mounting rate of user applications incorporating these wireless technologies in in-vehicle information devices is also increasing.
- radio wave interference that is, radio waves used in each other's wireless communication system become noise. Since it appears, there is a possibility that communication quality deteriorates.
- a plurality of in-vehicle radio devices have transmission spurious emission intensity characteristics that the self radio device does not affect other radio devices, and the transmission radio waves of other radio devices.
- a vehicle short-range wireless communication device realized by a band-pass filter (BPF) having reception characteristics that is not affected by interference is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- radio beacons and in-vehicle Bluetooth (registered trademark) radio waves for example, the frequency is in the vicinity of 2.4 GHz band
- radio waves in car navigation internal information are prevented from causing radio wave interference with each other and degrading communication quality.
- an in-vehicle communication device that, based on the beacon station position and own vehicle position information, stops communication by in-vehicle Bluetooth (registered trademark) when the own vehicle position approaches the radio beacon station and optimizes the reception state from the radio beacon station. (See Patent Document 2).
- the in-vehicle wireless communication system that connects the in-vehicle information devices is assumed to form a wireless communication network in a closed space in the vehicle using a short-range wireless communication technology, but there are not a few leaks of radio waves to the outside of the vehicle.
- the degree also changes depending on the state of the vehicle such as the vehicle type and window opening / closing.
- in-vehicle wireless communication systems that connect between in-vehicle information devices are always assumed to be user applications that are wirelessly connected. In this case, deterioration of communication quality directly connected to the service is suppressed, and the performance of the in-vehicle wireless communication system is improved. That is a big challenge.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and even if a vehicle equipped with an in-vehicle wireless communication system using the same wireless communication method is adjacent, performance is suppressed by suppressing communication quality deterioration due to radio wave interference.
- An object is to provide an in-vehicle wireless communication system that is improved.
- an in-vehicle wireless communication system is an in-vehicle wireless communication system in which a plurality of wireless devices that transmit and receive wireless signals are arranged in a vehicle interior to form a wireless network, and wireless communication with a constant period Synchronize timing with the frame, and allocate and transmit a notification signal for notifying other wireless devices of the state management information of the wireless device and a control signal for controlling each wireless device during a predetermined period at the beginning of the frame
- a radio transmission / reception unit that selects one of frequency channels capable of wireless communication and transmits / receives a radio signal in a time-sharing manner using the selected frequency channel, and an adjacent vehicle detection that detects another vehicle adjacent to the host vehicle.
- the in-vehicle wireless communication system of the present invention even if a vehicle equipped with the in-vehicle wireless communication system using the same wireless communication method is adjacent, it is possible to improve performance by suppressing communication quality deterioration due to radio wave interference. .
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a system configuration of an in-vehicle wireless communication system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the in-vehicle wireless communication system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention performs the detection of an adjacent vehicle with the host vehicle 11, a plurality of radio devices 12a to 12e arranged in the vehicle interior, For example, the ultrasonic sensors 13a to 13e and the in-vehicle information devices 14a to 14e are configured.
- the wireless devices 12a to 12e transmit and receive wireless signals and communicate with each other's wireless devices 12a to 12e.
- each of the radio units 12a to 12e synchronizes timing with a frame having a certain period, and each other within a certain period of the head portion of the frame.
- Notification signals 1A to 1E for informing the state management information of the wireless devices 12a to 12e constituting the wireless network are assigned, and control signals for controlling the functions of the wireless devices 12a to 12e are assigned.
- a notification signal and a control signal are transmitted and received using a period. Further, apart from the above-described head portion, a period for transmitting / receiving the data body between the radio units 12a to 12e is assigned, and data is transmitted / received using this period.
- notification signal is transmitted and received for each frame, so that, for example, the wireless device 12a can grasp the states of the other wireless devices 12b to 12e constituting the wireless network.
- Control signals are transmitted and received as necessary to control each of the radio devices 12a to 12e.
- the radio units 12a to 12e have a plurality of frequency channels by combining a hopping technique with a plurality of frequency bands, as shown in FIG. Wireless communication is performed by selecting one of them.
- a plurality of frequency bands (frequency bands # 1, # 2, and # 3) are allocated to one frequency channel in a time division manner, and CH4 repeatedly transmits and receives data therein. The following will be selected and transmitted / received.
- each of the radio units 12a to 12e has a "notification signal that synchronizes timing with a frame of a fixed period and informs other radio units of status management information of the radio unit during a predetermined period of the head portion of the frame.
- a radio transmission / reception unit that assigns and transmits control signals for controlling the respective radios, and selects one of frequency channels capable of radio communication, and transmits and receives radio signals in a time division manner using the selected frequency channel.
- UWB Ultra Wide Band
- a wireless system used here for example, a wireless LAN and an MB-OFDM (Multi Band-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex) UWB (Ultra Wide Band) are assumed.
- UWB is ultra-wideband wireless communication that uses a bandwidth of 500 MHz or more, and is known for its low power consumption, resistance to interference waves, and high-speed communication in a short distance within a radius of 10 m.
- the ultrasonic sensors 13a to 13e are used here.
- the ultrasonic sensors 13a to 13e detect adjacent vehicles by transmitting ultrasonic waves to the outside of the passenger compartment using a transmitter, receiving reflected waves with a receiver, and measuring the distance.
- an in-vehicle camera or a radar may be substituted.
- the in-vehicle camera detects the adjacent vehicle by image recognition
- the radar detects the adjacent vehicle by measuring the reflected wave, like the ultrasonic sensor.
- the in-vehicle information devices 14a to 14e are devices that provide user applications such as a car navigation system, a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) player, a television receiver, and a display monitor.
- a car navigation system such as a car navigation system, a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) player, a television receiver, and a display monitor.
- DVD Digital Versatile Disc
- FIG. 4 shows an example of the communicable area in the passenger compartment of the wireless devices 12a to 12e.
- the communicable area of each of the radio devices 12a to 12e includes each other's radio devices 12a to 12e, but is related to the communication between the radio devices 12a to 12e. It has also spread to other areas. In particular, the spread to the outside of the vehicle is regarded as radio wave leakage and is not preferable.
- the in-vehicle wireless communication system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention aims to improve performance by suppressing communication quality deterioration due to radio wave interference. Details will be described below.
- the wireless device 12 a includes a network management unit 120, a wireless transmission / reception control unit 121, a radio wave interference determination unit 122, an RSSI measurement unit 123, a storage unit 124, and a transmission output control unit 125. And a frequency channel change control unit 126.
- the network management unit 120 manages the state management information of each of the wireless devices 12a to 12e based on the notification signal assigned to the head portion of the wireless communication frame, and based on this state management information, the wireless transmission / reception control unit 121, radio wave interference determination
- the unit 122 and the like are controlled, and here, in particular, a radio communication mode and a radio wave interference detection mode to be described later are controlled.
- the “wireless communication mode” means that, as described above, timing synchronization is performed with a frame of a fixed period, and the state management information of the wireless device 12a is transmitted to the other wireless devices 12b to 12b during a predetermined period at the head portion of the frame.
- the notification signal to be notified to 12d and the control signal for controlling each of the wireless devices 12a to 12d are allocated and transmitted and received, and one of the frequency channels capable of wireless communication is selected, and time division is performed according to the selected frequency channel.
- This mode is for transmitting and receiving wireless signals.
- the “radio wave interference detection mode” is a mode that is activated when another vehicle adjacent to the host vehicle 11 is detected and determines whether there is interference due to radio waves leaking from the adjacent vehicle 21.
- the received signal strength indication (RSSI) of radio waves leaking from the adjacent vehicle 21 is measured and stored in the storage unit 124.
- the presence / absence of radio wave interference is determined by comparison with the interference threshold.
- the operation mode of each of the wireless devices 12a to 12e the frequency channel used in the “wireless communication mode”, and the position information of the adjacent vehicle detected by the ultrasonic sensors 13a to 13e. Shall be included.
- the radio transmission / reception control unit 121 controls the “radio communication mode” described above, and the radio wave interference determination unit 122 executes and controls the “radio wave interference detection mode” described above.
- the radio wave interference determination unit 122 compares the received electric field strength (RSSI) of the radio wave leaking from the adjacent vehicle measured by the RSSI measurement unit 123 with the interference threshold value stored in the storage unit 124, and the result is transmitted and output.
- the data is output to the control unit 125 and the frequency channel change control unit 126.
- the transmission output control unit 125 reduces the transmission output of the radio unit 12a and performs radio transmission / reception within a range in which the quality of radio communication in the vehicle interior does not deteriorate.
- the data is output to the control unit 121.
- the frequency channel change control unit 126 scans another frequency channel that can be changed, and uses the notification signal to indicate the frequency channel that has been successfully scanned. 12b to 12e are notified to change the frequency channel in use.
- the storage unit 124 stores state management information of each of the wireless devices 12a to 12e acquired by communication (notification signal), an interference level threshold used for determining the presence / absence of radio wave interference, a list of frequency channels that can be changed, and the like. Stored.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the in-vehicle wireless communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Here, the operation procedure after the start of the wireless communication mode in the host vehicle 11 is shown. .
- the operation of the in-vehicle wireless communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
- the radio units 12a to 12e are in the “radio communication mode” state (step ST701). Therefore, the radio units 12a to 12e are synchronized with the frame configuration shown in FIG.
- the state of the other wireless devices 12a to 12e constituting the wireless network can be known by mutually transmitting and receiving notification signals for informing state management information at the head portion of the frame.
- the wireless devices 12a to 12e are further in communication with the wireless devices 12a to 12e in accordance with the user application.
- the wireless devices 12a to 12e continue the “wireless communication mode” state (step S702). ST701).
- the radio units 12a to 12e proceed to radio unit selection processing (step ST703) for detecting radio wave interference. To do.
- the wireless devices 12a to 12e that detect radio wave interference are the closest to the adjacent vehicle among the wireless devices 12a to 12e that constitute the wireless network from the position information of the adjacent vehicle detected by any of the ultrasonic sensors 13a to 13e.
- One of the radio devices 12a to 12e located nearby is selected.
- the radios 12a to 12e selected here are in communication because the user application is operating, the radios 12a to 12e that are next closest to the adjacent vehicle are selected, and radios that detect radio wave interference are selected.
- the selection of the radio units 12a to 12e that detect the radio wave interference described above is performed by the radio units 12a to 12e in the radio network including the position information of the adjacent vehicle by the ultrasonic sensors 13a to 13e transmitted and received by the notification signal. This is performed from the state management information. That is, the network management unit 120 included in each of the wireless devices 12a to 12e acquires the state management information of each of the wireless devices 12a to 12e from the notification signal, and refers to the state management information so that the wireless device 12a to which it belongs. When it is determined that 12e is located closest to the adjacent vehicle and is not performing wireless communication, it operates autonomously as a wireless device that detects radio wave interference.
- the wireless device (in this case, 12a) selected by the above shifts to the “radio wave interference detection mode”.
- the wireless transmission / reception control unit 121 sets the reception state on the frequency channel used in the wireless network in the host vehicle 11, and the RSSI measurement unit 123 is received from other than the radio devices 12 a to 12 e in the host vehicle 11.
- the RSSI of the radio signal is measured and supplied to the radio wave interference determination unit 122.
- the radio wave interference determination unit 122 affects the RSSI (interference level E I ) obtained by measurement by the RSSI measurement unit 123 and the radio wave that affects the communication quality of the wireless network in the host vehicle 11 stored in the storage unit 124.
- the interference level threshold value E Ith is compared (step ST705).
- the transmission output control unit 125 does not deteriorate the communication quality of the wireless network in the vehicle. Transmission output control is performed in a direction that lowers the transmission output level of the wireless device 12a within a range, and interference caused by leakage of radio waves from the vehicle 11 is reduced (step ST706), and then the wireless communication mode within the vehicle 11 of step ST701 is returned to. .
- the radio wave interference determining unit 122 determines that the wireless network in the host vehicle 11 is deteriorated in communication quality due to radio wave interference, and the frequency The channel change control unit 126 is activated.
- the frequency channel change control unit 126 sequentially scans the changeable frequency channels stored in the storage unit 124, for example, listed in order of priority, and determines the frequency channels without radio wave interference in which the scan has succeeded (Step). ST707).
- the frequency channel change control unit 126 After determining the frequency channel of the change destination, the frequency channel change control unit 126 notifies the other radio units 12b to 12e of the change of the frequency channel and the change destination frequency channel by the notification signal via the radio transmission / reception control unit 121. (Step ST708) In addition, interference is avoided by simultaneously changing the frequency channel with respect to all the radio devices 12a to 12e in the host vehicle 11 according to the control signal (Step ST709).
- the selected wireless device 12a detects the adjacent vehicle when the adjacent vehicle detection means (ultrasonic sensors 13a to 13e) detects the adjacent vehicle 21.
- the adjacent vehicle detection means ultrasonic sensors 13a to 13e
- the radio wave interference determination unit scans other frequency channels that can be changed, and Operates as “frequency channel changing means” for changing the frequency channel being used by informing the other radio units 12b to 12e of the frequency channel that has succeeded by the notification signal.
- the ultrasonic sensors 13a to 13e that operate as “adjacent vehicle detection means” are linked to at least one of the plurality of radio units 12a to 12e, and the position information of the adjacent vehicle 21 is transmitted to other radios by a notification signal.
- the devices 12a to 12e are notified, and at the same time, radio wave interference determination and frequency channel change are instructed by a control signal.
- the adjacent vehicle detection means detects this, and radio wave interference
- the determination unit and the frequency channel changing unit can provide an in-vehicle wireless communication system in which performance is improved by suppressing deterioration in communication quality due to radio wave interference.
- FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a system configuration of an in-vehicle wireless communication system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the difference from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is that the detection information from the ultrasonic sensors 13a to 13e is one piece of information. That is, the radio equipment (here, the radio equipment 12a) is aggregated, and the adjacent vehicle detection information is notified from the radio equipment 12a to the other radio equipment 12b to 12e using the notification signal. Thereafter, a radio device (any one of 12a to 12e) that performs radio wave interference detection is selected, and the selected radio device (any one of 12a to 12e) is controlled and executed using the control signal. This is the same as in the first embodiment.
- the radio device 12b performs radio wave interference detection, notifies the radio devices 12a, 12c to 12e of the radio wave interference level and the frequency channel scan result using the notification signal, and the radio device 12b reports the result. Determination is made, and frequency channel change control of each of the radio devices 12a to 12e in the host vehicle 11 is executed.
- the wireless device 12a is assigned as the master wireless device, the detection information of the adjacent vehicle is collected from one or more slave wireless devices (12b to 12e), and the other wireless devices are notified by the notification signal. Then, the slave radio device that performs radio wave interference determination is selected, and the selected slave radio device is instructed to determine the presence or absence of radio wave interference by a control signal. As described above, the detection information from the ultrasonic sensors 13a to 13e is collected in one radio 12a, and the adjacent vehicle detection information is notified to the other radios 12b to 12e using the notification signal from the radio 12a.
- the control is simplified and the effect of reducing communication traffic can be obtained as compared with the first embodiment that is notified from the wireless devices 12a to 12e to which the ultrasonic sensors 13a to 13e are connected.
- the adjacent vehicle detection means detects this, and the radio wave interference determination means and the frequency channel change means.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a system configuration of an in-vehicle wireless communication system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the difference from the first and second embodiments is that the ultrasonic sensors 13a to 13e as the adjacent vehicle detecting means are used for communication.
- the wireless devices 31a to 31e are provided. That is, since the adjacent vehicle detection information is also transmitted between the radios (12a-31a, 12b-31b,... 12e-31e), no wiring is required, so that the vehicle mounting space can be made compact.
- the position information of the adjacent vehicle is notified by a notification signal, and radio wave interference detection and frequency channel change control are the same as in the first and second embodiments.
- the vehicle mounting space can be made compact.
- the adjacent vehicle detection means detects this, and the radio wave interference determination means and the frequency channel change means.
- the present invention is not limited to the in-vehicle use described in the first to third embodiments, but is a home wireless communication system using ultra-wideband radio, such as an AV (Audio Visual) network or a PC (Personal Computer) network.
- ultra-wideband radio such as an AV (Audio Visual) network or a PC (Personal Computer) network.
- AV Audio Visual
- PC Personal Computer
- the functions of the constituent blocks included in the radio units 12a to 12e of the in-vehicle radio communication system according to the first to third embodiments of the present invention described above may be realized entirely by hardware, or at least a part thereof. It may be realized by software.
- timing synchronization is performed with a frame of a fixed period, and a notification signal for notifying other radio units of radio state management information and a control signal for controlling each radio unit during a predetermined period at the beginning of the frame.
- the assigned vehicle transmits and receives, selects one of the frequency channels that can be wirelessly communicated, and transmits and receives wireless signals in a time-sharing manner using the selected frequency channel, when the adjacent vehicle detection means detects an adjacent vehicle
- the radio wave interference judgment means or radio wave interference judgment means that is activated and judges whether there is interference due to radio waves leaking from adjacent vehicles, it scans other frequency channels that can be changed, and the scan is successful
- the frequency channel changing means for informing the other radios of the changed frequency channel by a notification signal and changing the frequency channel in use. That data processing may be implemented in hardware, also the at least a portion thereof, may be realized on a computer by one or more programs.
- the in-vehicle wireless communication system improves performance by suppressing communication quality deterioration due to radio wave interference even when a vehicle equipped with the in-vehicle wireless communication system using the same wireless communication system is adjacent.
- an in-vehicle wireless communication system in which a plurality of wireless devices for transmitting and receiving wireless signals are arranged in a vehicle interior to constitute a wireless network, timing synchronization is performed with a wireless communication frame of a fixed period, and a predetermined part of the head portion of the frame is determined During this period, a notification signal for notifying other wireless devices of the state management information of the wireless device and a control signal for controlling each wireless device are allocated and transmitted and received, and one of the frequency channels capable of wireless communication is transmitted.
- a radio transmission / reception means for transmitting and receiving a radio signal in a time-sharing manner by the selected frequency channel, and an adjacent for detecting another vehicle adjacent to the own vehicle
- Both detection means a radio wave interference determination means that is activated when the adjacent vehicle detection means detects the adjacent another vehicle, and determines whether there is interference due to radio waves leaking from the separate vehicle, and the radio wave interference determination means
- the channel changing means is provided, it is suitable for use in an in-vehicle wireless communication system.
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Abstract
Description
その代表例として、GPS(Global Positioning System)、電波ビーコンなどによる自車両位置の検出、ラジオ/テレビなどの放送受信、ETC(Electric Tool Collection System)による料金支払い、携帯電話や無線LAN(Local Area Network)等の車外との通信システム、ブルートゥース(登録商標)等のユーザ機器と車載情報機器間を接続する近距離無線通信システム、のように数多くの無線通信システムが挙げられる。また、これら無線技術を取り入れたユーザアプリケーションの車載情報機器への搭載率も増加傾向にある。
この電波干渉を回避するために、従来、複数の車載無線機器に対し、自無線機器が他無線機器に影響を与えないような送信スプリアス発射強度特性を有し、かつ、他無線機器の送信電波に対し、干渉の影響を受けない受信特性を有するバンドパスフィルタ(BPF)で実現する車両用近距離無線通信装置が知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
しかしながら、これらの技術が、同一無線通信システムが共存した場合の電波干渉を回避し、通信品質劣化を抑制する保証はない。
上記した車載無線通信システムの搭載率が増加すれば、同一通信システムを搭載した車両が隣接するケースも考えられ、上記した同一無線通信システムの共存による電波干渉によって通信品質劣化を生じる可能性がある。特に、車載情報機器間を接続する車載無線通信システムは、常時、無線接続するユーザアプリケーションも想定され、この場合、サービスに直結する通信品質の劣化を抑制し、車載無線通信システムの性能向上を図ることは大きな課題である。
実施の形態1.
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1に係る車載無線通信システムのシステム構成を示す図である。図1に示されるように、この発明の実施の形態1に係る車載無線通信システムは、自車両11と、その車室内に配置される複数の無線機12a~12eと、隣接車両検出を行う、例えば、超音波センサ13a~13eと、車載情報機器14a~14eにより構成される。
ここでは、図3に示されるように、1個の周波数チャンネルに複数の周波数帯(周波数バンド#1、#2、#3)が時分割で割当てられ、その中でデータの送受信を繰り返し行うCH4以降を選択して送受信することとする。このため、各無線機12a~12eは、「一定周期のフレームでタイミング同期をとり、前記フレームの先頭部分の所定の期間に、無線機の状態管理情報を他の無線機に報知する報知信号と、前記各無線機を制御する制御信号とを割付けて送受信するとともに、無線通信可能な周波数チャンネルの中から一つを選択し、前記選択した周波数チャンネルにより時分割で無線信号を送受信する無線送受信部」として動作する。
UWBは、500MHz以上の帯域幅を使用する超広帯域無線通信であり、低消費電力、妨害波に強く、半径10m圏内で近距離での高速通信が可能なことで知られている。
超音波センサ13a~13eは、送波器により超音波を車室外に発信し、反射波を受波器で受信して距離を測定することにより隣接車両を検出するものである。超音波センサ13a~13eの代わりに、車載カメラやレーダーで代替してもよい。この場合、車載カメラは画像認識により、レーダーは、超音波センサ同様、反射波を測定することにより隣接車両を検出するものである。
このため、この発明の実施の形態1に係る車載無線通信システムは、電波干渉による通信品質劣化を抑制することで性能向上を図るものである。以下にその詳細を説明する。
図6に示されるように、無線機12aは、ネットワーク管理部120と、無線送受信制御部121と、電波干渉判定部122と、RSSI測定部123と、記憶部124と、送信出力制御部125と、周波数チャンネル変更制御部126と、により構成される。
また、「電波干渉検出モード」とは、自車両11に隣接する別車両が検出された場合に起動され、隣接車両21から漏洩する電波による干渉の有無を判定するモードであり、隣接車両21が、自車室内で使用中の周波数チャンネルと同じ周波数帯を使用していた場合に、隣接車両21から漏洩する電波の受信電界強度(RSSI:Received Signal Strength Indication)を測定し、記憶部124に記憶された干渉閾値と比較して電波干渉の有無を判定するモードである。
電波干渉判定部122は、RSSI測定部123により測定された、隣接車両から漏洩する電波の受信電界強度(RSSI)と、記憶部124に記憶された干渉閾値と比較し、その結果を、送信出力制御部125、および周波数チャンネル変更制御部126へ出力する。送信出力制御部125は、電波干渉判定部122が、電波干渉が無いと判定した場合、自車室内での無線通信の品質劣化が生じない範囲で、無線機12aの送信出力を下げて無線送受信制御部121に出力する。周波数チャンネル変更制御部126は、電波干渉判定部122で電波干渉が有ると判定された場合、変更可能な他の周波数チャンネルをスキャンし、当該スキャンが成功した周波数チャンネルを報知信号により他の無線機12b~12eに報知して使用中の周波数チャンネルを変更する。
以下、図7のフローチャートを参照しながら、この発明の実施の形態1に係る車載無線通信システムの動作について詳細に説明する。
電波干渉判定部122は、RSSI測定部123で測定して得られるRSSI(干渉レベルEIという)と、記憶部124に記憶されている自車両11内の無線ネットワークの通信品質に影響を与える電波干渉レベル閾値EIthとを比較する(ステップST705)。
なお、このとき、「隣接車両検出手段」として動作する超音波センサ13a~13eは、複数の無線機12a~12eのうち少なくとも一つと連動し、隣接車両21の位置情報を報知信号により他の無線機12a~12eに報知し、同時に、制御信号により電波干渉判定および周波数チャンネルの変更を指示する。
図8は、この発明の実施の形態2に係る車載無線通信システムのシステム構成を示す図である。
以降、電波の干渉検出を行う無線機(12a~12eのいずれか)を選択し、選択された無線機(12a~12eのいずれか)に制御信号を用いて電波干渉検出の制御、実行をさせる点については実施の形態1と同様である。電波の干渉検出を行う、例えば、無線機12bは、報知信号を用いて各無線機12a、12c~12eに、電波干渉レベル、周波数チャンネルのスキャン結果を報知するとともに、無線機12bがその結果を判定して、自車両11内の各無線機12a~12eの周波数チャンネルの変更制御を実行する。
このように、超音波センサ13a~13eからの検出情報を1個の無線機12aに集約し、無線機12aから報知信号を用いて他の無線機12b~12eに隣接車両検出情報を報知することにより、超音波センサ13a~13eが接続される各無線機12a~12eから報知される実施の形態1と比較して、制御が簡素化され、さらに通信トラフィックが減る効果も得られる。また、実施の形態1同様、同じ無線通信方式を用いた車載無線通信システムを搭載した車両が近接しても、隣接車両検出手段がこれを検出し、電波干渉判定手段、および周波数チャンネル変更手段が、電波干渉による通信品質劣化を抑制することで性能向上を図った車載無線通信システムを提供することができる。
図9は、この発明の実施の形態3に係る車載無線通信システムのシステム構成を示す図である。
すなわち、隣接車両検出情報についても無線機同士(12a-31a、12b-31b、…12e-31e)で送信することにより配線が不要になるため、車両実装スペースのコンパクト化がはかれる。隣接車両の位置情報を報知信号で報知し、また、電波干渉検出、および周波数チャンネルの変更制御は、実施の形態1、2と同様である。
また、上記したこの発明の実施の形態1~3に係る車載無線通信システムの無線機12a~12eが有する各構成ブロックの機能は、全てをハードウェアによって実現しても、あるいはその少なくとも一部をソフトウェアで実現してもよい。
例えば、一定周期のフレームでタイミング同期をとり、フレームの先頭部分の所定の期間に、無線機の状態管理情報を他の無線機に報知する報知信号と、各無線機を制御する制御信号とを割付けて送受信するとともに、無線通信可能な周波数チャンネルの中から一つを選択し、選択した周波数チャンネルにより時分割で無線信号を送受信する無線送受信部、隣接車両検出手段が隣接車両を検出した場合に起動され、隣接車両から漏洩する電波による干渉の有無を判定する電波干渉判定手段、電波干渉判定手段で電波干渉が有ると判定された場合、変更可能な他の周波数チャンネルをスキャンし、スキャンが成功した周波数チャンネルを報知信号により他の無線機に報知して使用中の周波数チャンネルを変更する周波数チャンネル変更手段におけるデータ処理は、ハードウェアで実現してもよく、また、その少なくとも一部を、1または複数のプログラムによりコンピュータ上で実現してもよい。
Claims (10)
- 無線信号を送受信する無線機が車室内に複数配置され無線ネットワークを構成する車載無線通信システムであって、
一定周期の無線通信フレームでタイミング同期をとり、前記フレームの先頭部分の所定の期間に、無線機の状態管理情報を他の無線機に報知する報知信号と、前記各無線機を制御する制御信号とを割付けて送受信するとともに、無線通信可能な周波数チャンネルの中から一つを選択し、前記選択した周波数チャンネルにより時分割で無線信号を送受信する無線送受信手段と、
自車両に隣接する別車両を検出する隣接車両検出手段と、
前記隣接車両検出手段が隣接する前記別車両を検出した場合に起動され、前記別車両から漏洩する電波による干渉の有無を判定する電波干渉判定手段と、
前記電波干渉判定手段で電波干渉が有ると判定された場合、変更可能な他の周波数チャンネルをスキャンし、前記スキャンが成功した周波数チャンネルを前記報知信号により他の無線機に報知して使用中の周波数チャンネルを変更する周波数チャンネル変更手段と、
を備えたことを特徴とする車載無線通信システム。 - 隣接車両検出手段は、
複数の無線機のうちの少なくとも一つと連動し、有線もしくは無線経由で隣接車両の位置情報を報知信号により他の無線機に報知し、制御信号により電波干渉の判定および周波数チャンネルの変更を指示する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の車載無線通信システム。 - 電波干渉判定手段は、
複数の無線機のうち、隣接車両検出手段により出力される位置情報に基づいて判定される隣接車両の最も近くに位置する無線機であって、かつ、無線通信を行っていない無線機であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の車載無線通信システム。 - 電波干渉判定手段は、
隣接車両検出手段により検出された別車両が、自車室内で使用中の周波数チャンネルと同じ周波数帯を使用していた場合に、前記別車両から漏洩する電波の受信電界強度を測定し、干渉レベル閾値と比較して電波干渉の有無を判定することを特徴とする請求項1記載の車載無線通信システム。 - 電波干渉判定手段は、
電波干渉有りと判定した場合、報知信号により他の無線機に電波干渉が有ることを報知し、制御信号により、電波干渉の無い周波数チャンネルへの変更を指示することを特徴とする請求項1記載の車載無線通信システム。 - 電波干渉判定手段は、
電波干渉が無いと判定した場合、自車室内での無線通信の品質劣化が生じない範囲で、複数の無線機の送信出力を下げることを特徴とする請求項1記載の車載無線通信システム。 - 隣接車両検出手段は、
車載カメラにより撮影され取得される画像を認識して隣接車両を検出する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の車載無線通信システム。 - 隣接車両検出手段は、
超音波センサを用い、送波器により超音波を車室外に発信し、反射波を受波器で受信して距離を測定して隣接車両を検出する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の車載無線通信システム。 - 隣接車両検出手段は、
レーダーを用い、前記レーダーにより車室外に電波を発信して反射波を受信し、距離を測定して隣接車両を検出する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の車載無線通信システム。 - 無線ネットワークを構成する複数の無線機は、少なくとも1個のマスタ無線機と、残る1個以上のスレーブ無線機とからなり、
前記マスタ無線機は、
前記1以上のスレーブ無線機から隣接車両の検出情報を収集して報知信号により他の無線機に報知し、干渉判定を行うスレーブ無線機を選択して、前記選択されたスレーブ無線機に対し、制御信号により電波干渉の有無の判定を指示することを特徴とする請求項1記載の車載無線通信システム。
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Also Published As
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JPWO2009147777A1 (ja) | 2011-10-20 |
JP5025794B2 (ja) | 2012-09-12 |
CN102100117B (zh) | 2014-08-13 |
CN102100117A (zh) | 2011-06-15 |
DE112009001036T5 (de) | 2011-04-14 |
US20110028163A1 (en) | 2011-02-03 |
US8630589B2 (en) | 2014-01-14 |
DE112009001036B4 (de) | 2013-12-24 |
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