WO2009121251A1 - 实现路由优化的方法、***及装置 - Google Patents

实现路由优化的方法、***及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009121251A1
WO2009121251A1 PCT/CN2009/070501 CN2009070501W WO2009121251A1 WO 2009121251 A1 WO2009121251 A1 WO 2009121251A1 CN 2009070501 W CN2009070501 W CN 2009070501W WO 2009121251 A1 WO2009121251 A1 WO 2009121251A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gateway
route optimization
packet data
request
new
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PCT/CN2009/070501
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
银宇
周青
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2009121251A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009121251A1/zh
Priority to US12/887,277 priority Critical patent/US20110007748A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/34—Modification of an existing route
    • H04W40/36—Modification of an existing route due to handover
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
    • H04W8/08—Mobility data transfer
    • H04W8/082—Mobility data transfer for traffic bypassing of mobility servers, e.g. location registers, home PLMNs or home agents
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
    • H04W80/04—Network layer protocols, e.g. mobile IP [Internet Protocol]
    • H04W80/045—Network layer protocols, e.g. mobile IP [Internet Protocol] involving different protocol versions, e.g. MIPv4 and MIPv6

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, system, and apparatus for implementing route optimization. Background technique
  • the mobile communication network is divided into two parts: a CS: Circuit Switched Domain and a Packet Switched Domain (PS).
  • the circuit domain mainly carries the traditional circuit switching-based voice service, and the packet domain provides the basis. Packet switched packet service.
  • LBO Local Breakout
  • the LBO refers to the data gateway of the user in the visited place to allocate the Internet Protocol (IP). : Internet Protocol ) Address, data is routed directly from the visited location to the external data network without going through an area other than the visited place.
  • the data transmission is performed through a packet data network (PDN: Packet Data Network) connection, so the user equipment (UE: User Equipment) needs to transmit data to send a PDN connection request to establish a PDN connection.
  • PDN Packet Data Network
  • An existing PDN connection request processing scheme is as follows: The network side receives a new PDN connection request for establishing a route-optimized PDN connection, and if the PDN network corresponding to the UE that sends the new PDN connection request sends the access point name of the PDN network (APN: Access Point Name) is the same as the existing PDN connection, and the network side rejects the above new PDN connection request.
  • APN Access Point Name
  • the inventor has found that the above solution has at least the following drawbacks:
  • the network side rejects
  • the new PDN connection request in the process of route optimization, can not establish a route-optimized PDN connection for the APN, and can not establish two PDN connections for one APN at the same time.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method, a system, and a device for implementing route optimization.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can establish a route optimized PDN connection in the process of route optimization, and establish two paths for an access point. PDN connections.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a route optimization method, including:
  • the route optimization request includes a network address re-allocation indication, where the route optimization request is sent by the user equipment when the first gateway data network is connected to the current gateway;
  • a second packet data network connection between the user equipment and the new gateway is triggered by the triggering of the network address reassignment indication.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product, the computer program product comprising computer program code, when the computer program code is executed by a computer, the computer program code may cause the computer to perform route optimization Any of the steps in the method.
  • Embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer readable storage medium, the computer storing computer program code, when the computer program code is executed by a computer, the computer program code may cause the computer to perform route optimization Any of the steps in the method.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a mobility management entity, including:
  • a request receiving unit configured to receive a route optimization request, where the route optimization request includes a network address re-allocation indication, where the route optimization request is sent by the user equipment when the first gateway data network is connected to the current gateway;
  • connection triggering unit configured to trigger a second packet data network connection between the user equipment and the new packet data gateway, triggered by a network address reallocation indication triggered by the request receiving unit.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a system for implementing route optimization, including a mobility management entity, a current gateway, and a new gateway, where:
  • the current gateway is configured to establish a first packet data network connection with the user equipment;
  • the mobility management entity is configured to receive a route optimization request, where the route optimization request includes a network address re-allocation indication, and the route optimization request Transmitting, when the user equipment has a first packet data network connection with the current gateway; sending a trigger message when the network address re-allocation indication is triggered;
  • the new gateway is configured to establish a second packet data network connection with the user equipment, triggered by a trigger message sent by the mobility management entity.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a user equipment, including:
  • a request sending unit configured to send a route optimization request when the first gateway data network connection is connected to the current gateway, where the route optimization request includes a network address reallocation indication;
  • a connection establishing unit configured to establish a second packet data network connection with the new gateway after the request sending unit sends the route optimization request.
  • the embodiment of the present invention may trigger the establishment of the second PDN connection by triggering the network address re-allocation indication. Therefore, in the process of route optimization, a route-optimized second PDN connection is established, and when the second PDN connection is established, the existing first PDN connection can be reserved. Therefore, two PDNs can be established for one access point.
  • the connection is such that the service of the UE can be switched to the new gateway through the second PDN connection, and the continuity of the service is ensured in the route optimization process.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a mobility management entity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a mobility management entity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of a mobility management entity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a system for implementing route optimization according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the first embodiment of the route optimization method according to the embodiment of the present invention, including:
  • Step 101 Receive a route optimization request, where the route optimization request includes a network address re-allocation indication, where the route optimization request is sent when the UE has a first PDN connection with the current gateway.
  • the current gateway may not be a better gateway. Therefore, the UE may send a route optimization request to perform route optimization, so that the service of the UE is switched to a better gateway.
  • the information about the PDN network that needs to initiate the route optimization is obtained by the network side, and the route optimization request carries the identification information of the PDN network, such as an APN, a Linked Bearer Id, and the like;
  • the identifier information of the PDN network may be Pre-configured on the UE, may also be provided by the network side, for example, may be provided by a mobility management entity (MME: Mobility Management Entity) on the network side; for example, when the network side determines that the UE enters an area requiring route optimization, the network side needs PDN network identification information APN or LBI that initiates route optimization is provided to the UE;
  • MME Mobility Management Entity
  • a gateway is a gateway that accesses a data network and may be different in different networks.
  • the gateway may be an access gateway for the UE to access the PDN network, such as packet data.
  • Gateway PDN Gateway, etc.;
  • the UE may send a route optimization request triggered by the mobility management entity, if the MME determines
  • the MME may notify the UE to initiate route optimization, and specifically, the tracking area update acceptance (TAU: Tracking Area Update) of the UE may be initiated (TAU Accept). Notifying the UE in the message; the UE may determine whether and when to initiate a route optimization request according to the foregoing notification from the MME, such as immediately, or later, or not to initiate a route optimization request;
  • TAU Tracking Area Update
  • the UE may also initiate route optimization under the indication of the user, the indication of the service application, and the like, thereby sending a route optimization request;
  • the route optimization request sent by the UE may be a PDN Connectivity (PDN Connectivity) request message or the like; the network address reassignment indication carried in the request indicates that the UE needs to initiate route optimization, and the network side is expected to re-allocate a network address; the route optimization request includes the PDN.
  • PDN Connectivity PDN Connectivity
  • the identification information of the network is used to indicate which PDN network the UE wants to initiate route optimization; wherein, when the route optimization request is a PDN Connectivity request or other existing request message, the network address reallocation indication may be A single parameter in the request, for example, may be indicated by a "optimization indication"; or an existing parameter in the request may be extended to carry a network address re-allocation indication; optionally, route optimization sent by the UE
  • the request may also carry an access point name (APN: Access Point Name) corresponding to the UE; at this time, the network address reassignment indication may be carried by the structured APN method, for example, the APN is "cmims", and the route optimization is initiated.
  • APN Access Point Name
  • the UE can set the APN to "cmims.opt" in the route optimization request. Indicates that the user equipment needs to initiate route optimization. It is hoped that the network re-allocates an IP address.
  • the route optimization request sent by the UE may also be a new request message, such as a second PDN Connectivity request message, where the message carries the identification information of the PDN network, such as APN, LBI, etc.; Request message, so the message itself can be used as a redirect indication without having to carry additional information in the request message;
  • Step 102 Trigger to establish a second PDN connection between the UE and the new gateway triggered by the network address reassignment indication.
  • the first PDN connection and the second PDN connection are in the same PDN network, so the first PDN connection corresponds to the same access point, i.e., has the same APN.
  • the new gateway allocates a new network address to the UE.
  • the process of establishing the second PDN connection is as follows:
  • the MME selects a new gateway for the UE under the trigger of the network address reassignment indication. After the new gateway is selected, the MME sends a trigger message, and the trigger message includes the information of the selected new gateway; the access control entity receives the trigger. The message, so as to know the information of the new gateway, and then send a connection establishment request to the new gateway; after receiving the connection establishment request, the new gateway establishes a second PDN connection.
  • the access control entity is different in different networks, for example, it may be a Serving Gateway (SGW: Serving Gateway), an evolved packet data gateway (ePDG: evolved Packet Data Gateway), and an access service network gateway (ASN-GW). : Access Service Network-Gateway ), Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN).
  • the process of establishing the second PDN connection may be as follows:
  • the MME selects a new PGW for the UE according to the network address re-allocation indication, and sends a PDN connection establishment request to the SGW as a trigger message.
  • the PDN connection establishment request carries the information of the selected new PGW; after receiving the PDN connection establishment request, the SGW sends a connection establishment request to the new PGW; after the new PGW receives the connection establishment request sent by the SGW, the second PDN connection is established.
  • the network side allocates a new network address to the UE.
  • the PGW or the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server in the network allocates a new UE to the UE according to the request of the UE.
  • the network address, and the new network address is sent to the UE.
  • DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
  • the first PDN connection may be directly released, or the first PDN connection may be released under the trigger of the policy.
  • the embodiment of the present invention preferably releases the first PDN connection under the trigger of the policy.
  • the embodiment may trigger the establishment of the second PDN connection triggered by the network address re-allocation indication, thereby establishing route optimization in the process of route optimization.
  • the second PDN connection is followed, and when the second PDN connection is established, the existing first PDN connection may be reserved. Therefore, two PDN connections may be established for one access point, so that the service of the UE can pass the second PDN.
  • the connection is switched to the new gateway to ensure continuity of the service during the route optimization process.
  • step 102 the method may further include the following steps:
  • step 102 Determining whether there is a new gateway is better than the current gateway; only if there is a new gateway that is better than the current gateway, step 102 is performed; otherwise, the route optimization request of the UE is rejected; wherein, better, the gateway is better.
  • the gateway of the visited place is better than the gateway of the home place, and the gateway through the visited place is connected to the gateway through the home place. Entering the network allows the UE to get better service.
  • the UE's service can be switched to the new gateway through the second PDN connection.
  • the new gateway allocates a new network address of the second PDN connection to the UE, the UE can switch the service to the new gateway according to the new network address; specifically, the UE is in the IP multimedia core network.
  • the system IMS: IP Multimedia Core Network Subsystem
  • the gateway is a PGW.
  • the UE can send a re-invitation (relNVITE) request of the SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) message to the network side in the IMS session.
  • relNVITE re-invitation
  • the SDP Seenario Description Protocol
  • the SDP Seenario Description Protocol
  • the first PDN connection of the UE may be released, thereby saving system resources.
  • the release of the first PDN connection may be initiated by the UE; when the UE does not release the first PDN connection, the network side may check whether the first PDN connection is released according to the local policy, and if not released, release
  • the first PDN connection may be initiated by the release initiator unit, such as the SGW, the PGW, the Policy Control and Charging Rules Function (PCRF), and the release of the first PDN connection; wherein, the PCRF may be a home policy control and A charging rule function entity (hPCRF) or a visited policy control and charging rule function entity (vPCRF).
  • the UE initiates the release of the first PDN connection and the hPCRF initiates the release of the first PDN connection, including: Step 200: The UE determines to initiate route optimization;
  • the network address of the UE may be the first Internet Protocol address (IP address1).
  • IP address1 The first PDN connection may be established by using the following process: The UE initiates a PDN connection request to the old PGW to obtain the IP Address1. At the same time, the old PGW can report the information to the hPCRF through the current vPCRF (old vPCRF), so that the hPCRF can learn that the first PDN is established. At this time, the UE can use the IP Addressl. Implement services such as IMS, instant messaging, etc.
  • Step 201 The UE sends a packet data network connection message to the MME as a route optimization request, where the message carries a redistribution indication.
  • Step 202 The MME sends a Create Default Bearer (Request) message to the access control entity SGW, where the message also carries the re-allocation indication.
  • the default bearer request message is created as a trigger message.
  • the MME receives the PDN Connectivity request initiated by the UE, and can determine whether the UE has the LBO permission. If not, the route optimization request is rejected.
  • the MME may also determine whether a new gateway is better than the old PGW, and if not, reject the route optimization request.
  • the MME selects a new packet data gateway (new PGW) that is better than the old PGW for the APN, and initiates a PDN connection request to the SGW, where the PDN connection request includes the information of the new PGW.
  • the PDN connection request may be a default bearer request.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the PDN connection request only to create a default bearer request.
  • Step 203 The SGW sends a create default bearer message to the selected new PGW. After receiving the foregoing default bearer request, the SGW sends a PDN connection request to the new PGW.
  • the PDN connection request may be different according to different interface protocols.
  • the interface protocol between the SGW and the new PGW is a general packet radio service tunneling protocol ( GTP: GPRS Tunneling Protocol), the SGW sends the default bearer created in the instance to the PGW.
  • GTP general packet radio service tunneling protocol
  • PMIP Proxy Mobile IP
  • the SGW can send the proxy binding update. (Proxy Binding Update) message to the PGW;
  • Step 204 The new PGW allocates a new network address to the UE, and assumes that the new network address is the second Internet Protocol address (IP address2); and sends a notification message to the new visited policy control and charging rule function entity (New vPCRF).
  • the notification message may be a packet data network connection establishment notification (IP Session Established) message, indicating that a second PDN connection is established for the UE;
  • the PGW sends a notification message to the new vPCRF
  • the interface protocol between the SGW and the new PGW is GTP
  • the PGW sends a PDN connection establishment notification to the vPCRF
  • the interface protocol between the SGW and the PGW is the PMIP protocol
  • the SGW sends a notification message to the new vPCRF, where the notification message may be a PDN connection establishment notification to the vPCRF; wherein the PCRF may deliver a corresponding policy and charging control (PCC) rule;
  • PCC policy and charging control
  • Step 205 The New vPCRF sends a packet data network connection establishment notification message to the hPCRF, so that the hPCRF can learn that the UE establishes the second PDN connection.
  • Step 206 The new PGW sends a message including the second Internet Protocol address to the SGW. After the new PGW allocates a new network address IP address2 to the UE, the new PGW sends an IP Session Established message to the New vPCRF. Order of precedence;
  • Step 207 The SGW sends a message including a second internet protocol address to the MME.
  • Step 208 The MME sends a message including a second internet protocol address to the UE.
  • Step 209 After receiving the message including the IP address 2, the UE may learn that the new PDN connection has been established, and the new network address is IP address 2; thereby switching the service to the new packet data network; when the UE is in different systems, the service is switched.
  • the process of the IMS system may be different.
  • the UE may send a relNVITE request to the IMS network in the IMS session, and carry the media port of the IMS session in the SDP information, and modify the media port of the IMS session from IPAddress1 to IP Address2, thereby switching the service from the old PGW to the new PGW;
  • Step 210 The UE initiates release of the first packet data network connection.
  • the UE may carry the LBI (Linked Bearer Id) information in the PDN Disconnect request to indicate the release of the PDN connection with the old PGW; further, if the step 210 is not performed, the UE does not initiate the release.
  • the first PDN connection may continue to perform steps 211-214 to release the first PDN connection;
  • Step 211 The hPCRF performs policy decision.
  • the hPCRF makes policy decisions; assuming that the local policy is a time policy, after a period of time, for example, 12 hours, the hPCRF checks that there are still two PDN connections for the APN "cmims" of the UE, and the hPCRF can Perform corresponding operations. For example, you can issue a policy command to the old PGW, and trigger the old PGW to delete the corresponding policy and charging control rules.
  • Step 212 The hPCRF sends a message of deleting the policy and the charging control rule to the old PGW.
  • Step 214 The SGW releases the corresponding resource, and sends a Delete Bearer Response message to the old PGW. The release of the first PDN connection is completed.
  • the UE sends a route optimization request including a network address re-allocation indication, so that the network side establishes a route-optimized second PDN connection for the UE, and reserves the existing one when establishing the second PDN connection.
  • the first PDN is connected, so that when the new data gateway is used to provide the service, the original data gateway and address can be retained. Therefore, in the process of route optimization, the continuity of the service can be ensured; meanwhile, the UE switches the service to the new one. After the data gateway, the first PDN connection can be released, thereby releasing the system resources occupied by the UE and improving the utilization of system resources.
  • FIG. 3 is a signaling flow of a third embodiment of a route optimization method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and describes a situation in which a first PDN connection is initiated by an SGW, including:
  • Step 300 The UE determines to initiate route optimization.
  • Step 301 The UE sends a packet data network connection message to the MME, where the message carries a re-allocation indication.
  • Step 302 The MME sends a default bearer message to the SGW, where the message carries the re-allocation indication.
  • the Create Default Bearer message carries the information of the new PGW selected by the MME.
  • Step 304 the new PGW allocates a new network address IP address2 to the UE; to New vPCRF Sending a packet data network connection establishment notification message, indicating that a second PDN connection is established for the UE;
  • Step 305 The New vPCRF sends a packet data network connection establishment notification message to the hPCRF, so that the hPCRF can learn that the UE establishes the second PDN connection;
  • Step 306 The new PGW sends a message including the second internet protocol address to the SGW.
  • the execution of step 206 is performed after the new PGW allocates a new network address IP address2 to the UE.
  • the New vPCRF sends an IP Session Established message without prioritization
  • Step 307 The SGW sends a message including a second internet protocol address to the MME.
  • Step 308 The MME sends a message including a second internet protocol address to the UE.
  • Step 309 After receiving the message including the IP address 2, the UE may learn that the new PDN connection has been established, and the new network address is IP address 2; thereby switching the service to the new packet data gateway; the execution of step 300 309 refers to step 200 ⁇ Execution of step 209.
  • Step 310 The SGW performs a policy decision.
  • the SGW performs the policy decision under the trigger of the local policy. Assume that the local policy is a time policy. After a period of time, for example, 12 hours, the SGW checks that the local APN "cmims" for the UE still has two PDN connections. Performing corresponding operations; for example, sending a connection release trigger message to the old PGW, thereby deleting the first PDN connection;
  • the MME may also perform policy decision.
  • the MME may perform a decision according to the local policy. For example, if the local device has two PDN connections for one APN of the UE, the MME may send a connection release trigger message to the SGW, thereby deleting the first PDN. Connection
  • Step 311 The SGW sends a delete bearer request message to the old PGW as a connection release trigger message.
  • Step 312 The old PGW releases the corresponding resource, and sends a delete bearer response message to the SGW; the release of the first PDN connection is completed;
  • Step 313 After releasing the corresponding resource, the old PGW sends an IP Session Terminated message to the hPCRF, so that the hPCRF can learn that the first PDN connection has been released.
  • the UE sends a route optimization request including a network address re-allocation indication, so that the network side establishes a route-optimized second PDN connection for the UE, and reserves the existing one when establishing the second PDN connection.
  • the first PDN connection so that when the service is provided by using the new data gateway, the original data gateway and address can be retained, so that the service can be guaranteed in the process of route optimization. Continuity;
  • the first PDN connection can be released, thereby releasing the system resources occupied by the UE and improving the utilization of system resources.
  • the case where the first PDN connection is initiated by the old PGW including:
  • Step 400 The UE determines to initiate route optimization.
  • Step 401 The UE sends a packet data network connection message to the MME, where the message carries a re-allocation indication.
  • Step 402 The MME sends a default bearer message to the SGW, where the message also carries the re-allocation indication; the default bearer message carries the information of the new PGW selected by the MME.
  • Step 403 The SGW sends a create default bearer message to the selected new PGW.
  • Step 404 The new PGW allocates a new network address IP address2 to the UE; sends a packet data network connection establishment notification message to the New vPCRF, indicating that the second PDN connection is established for the UE;
  • Step 405 The New vPCRF sends the packet data network connection establishment to the hPCRF. Notifying the message, so that the hPCRF can learn that the UE establishes the second PDN connection;
  • step 400 405 refers to the execution of steps 200 to 205.
  • Step 406 The hPCRF sends a message of deleting the policy and the charging control rule to the old PGW.
  • the hPCRF checks that there are two PDN connections for the same APN "cmims", and the hPCRF sends a policy command to the old PGW, triggering the old PGW to delete the corresponding policy.
  • billing control rules
  • Step 407 The new PGW sends a message including the second Internet Protocol address to the SGW. After the new PGW allocates a new network address IP address2 to the UE, the new PGW sends an IP Session Established message to the New vPCRF. Order of precedence;
  • Step 408 The SGW sends a message including a second internet protocol address to the MME.
  • Step 409 The MME sends a message including a second internet protocol address to the UE.
  • Step 410 After receiving the message including the IP address 2, the UE may learn that the new PDN connection has been established, and the new network address is IP address 2; thereby switching the service to the new packet data network; and steps 407-410 refer to steps 206-209. carried out.
  • Step 411 The old PGW performs policy decision.
  • the old PGW makes policy decisions; if the local policy is a time policy, after a period of time, such as 12 hours, the old PGW checks the PPC rules that the hPCRF requests to delete. The corresponding first PDN is not released, and the corresponding operation is performed, for example, a Delete Bearer Request message may be sent to the SGW, thereby deleting the first PDN connection;
  • Step 412 The old PGW sends a delete bearer request message to the SGW.
  • Step 413 The SGW releases the corresponding resource, and sends a delete bearer response message to the old PGW. The release of the first PDN connection is completed.
  • the UE sends a route optimization request including a network address re-allocation indication, so that the network side establishes a route-optimized second PDN connection for the UE, and reserves the existing one when establishing the second PDN connection.
  • the first PDN is connected, so that when the new data gateway is used to provide the service, the original data gateway and address can be retained. Therefore, in the process of route optimization, the continuity of the service can be ensured; meanwhile, the UE switches the service to the new one.
  • the first PDN connection can be released, thereby releasing the system resources occupied by the UE and improving the utilization of system resources.
  • the case where the first PDN connection is initiated by the current vPCRF (old vPCRF), including:
  • Step 500 The UE determines to initiate route optimization.
  • Step 501 The UE sends a packet data network connection message to the MME, where the message carries a re-allocation indication.
  • Step 502 The MME sends a default bearer message to the SGW, where the message also carries the re-allocation indication; the default bearer message carries the information of the new PGW selected by the MME.
  • Step 503 The SGW sends a create default bearer message to the selected new PGW.
  • Step 504 The new PGW allocates a new network address IP address2 to the UE; sends a packet data network connection establishment notification message to the New vPCRF, indicating that the second PDN connection is established for the UE;
  • Step 505 The New vPCRF sends the packet data network connection establishment to the hPCRF. Notifying the message, so that the hPCRF can learn that the UE establishes the second PDN connection;
  • step 500 505 refers to the execution of steps 200 to 205.
  • Step 506 The hPCRF sends a message of deleting the policy and the charging control rule to the old vPCRF.
  • the hPCRF checks that there are two PDN connections for the same APN "cmims", and the hPCRF sends a policy command to the old PGW, triggering the old PGW to delete the corresponding policy.
  • billing control rules
  • Step 507 The new PGW sends a message including the second internet protocol address to the SGW.
  • the execution of step 206 is performed after the new PGW allocates a new network address IP address2 to the UE.
  • the new vPCRF sends the IP Session Established message without a sequence of time;
  • Step 508 The SGW sends a message including the second Internet Protocol address to the MME.
  • Step 509 The MME sends a message including a second internet protocol address to the UE.
  • Step 510 After receiving the message including the IP address2, the UE may learn that the new PDN connection has been established, and the new network address is IP address2; thereby switching the service to the new PGW;
  • Steps 507 to 510 are performed by referring to steps 206 to 209.
  • Step 511 The old vPCRF performs policy decision.
  • the old vPCRF makes a policy decision. Assume that the local policy is a time policy. After a period of time, for example, 12 hours, the old vPCRF checks that the first PDN corresponding to the PPC rule that the hPCRF requests to delete is not released, and then proceeds. Corresponding operations, for example, may send a message to delete the PPC rule to the old PGW, thereby triggering the old PGW to delete the first PDN connection;
  • Step 512 The old vPCRF sends a message of deleting the policy and the charging control rule to the old PGW.
  • Step 513 The old PGW sends a delete bearer request message to the SGW.
  • Step 514 The SGW releases the corresponding resource, and sends a delete bearer response message to the old PGW. The release of the first PDN connection is completed.
  • the UE sends a route optimization request including a network address re-allocation indication, so that the network side establishes a route-optimized second PDN connection for the UE, and reserves the existing one when establishing the second PDN connection.
  • the first PDN is connected, so that when the new data gateway is used to provide the service, the original data gateway and address can be retained. Therefore, in the process of route optimization, the continuity of the service can be ensured; meanwhile, the UE switches the service to the new one. After the data gateway, the first PDN connection can be released, thereby releasing the system resources occupied by the UE and improving the utilization of system resources.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a signaling flow of Embodiment 6 of a route optimization method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and describes a route optimization when a UE accesses a data gateway through a Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WMAX) network.
  • WMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
  • Step 600 The UE determines to initiate route optimization.
  • Step 601 The UE sends a tunnel establishment message to the access control entity ePDG in the Wimax network, where the message carries an IP address re-allocation indication as a route optimization request.
  • Step 602 The ePDG sends a proxy binding update message to the selected new PGW.
  • the new PGW may be selected by the ePDG.
  • Step 603 The new PGW allocates a new network address IP address2 to the UE; sends a packet data network connection establishment notification message to the New vPCRF, indicating that the second PDN connection is established for the UE;
  • Step 604 the New vPCRF sends the packet data network connection establishment to the hPCRF. Notifying the message, so that the hPCRF can learn that the UE establishes the second PDN connection;
  • the policy command can be sent to the old
  • the PGW triggering the old PGW to delete the corresponding policy and charging control rules
  • Step 605 The new PGW sends a response message of the Proxy Binding Update message to the ePDG, where the response message includes an IP address2, and the response message may be a Proxy Binding Ack message;
  • Step 606 The ePDG sends the second internet protocol address to the UE.
  • Step 607 After receiving the message including the IP address2, the UE may learn that the new PDN connection has been established, and the new network address is IP address2; thereby switching the service to the new packet data gateway; Step 608: The ePDG performs policy decision.
  • the local policy is a time policy. After a period of time, for example, 12 hours, the ePDG checks that the local APN "cmims" for the UE still has two PDN connections. The ePDG can perform corresponding operations; for example, the connection release trigger message can be sent to the old PGW, thereby deleting the first PDN connection;
  • Step 609 The ePDG sends a proxy binding update message to the old PGW, and sets a lifetime time parameter in the message to 0 as a connection release trigger message.
  • Step 610 The old PGW sends a proxy binding update response message to the ePDG, and completes release of the first PDN connection.
  • the UE sends a route optimization request including a network address re-allocation indication to the access control entity ePDG in the Wimax network, so that the network side establishes a route-optimized second PDN connection for the UE, and is established.
  • the existing first PDN connection is reserved, so that the original data gateway and address can be retained when the service is provided by using the new data gateway. Therefore, the continuity of the service can be ensured in the process of route optimization.
  • the first PDN connection can be released, thereby releasing the system resources occupied by the UE and improving the utilization of system resources.
  • the request receiving unit 701 is configured to receive a route optimization request, where the route optimization request includes a network address re-allocation indication, and the UE that sends the route optimization request has a first PDN connection;
  • the connection triggering unit 702 is configured to trigger a second PDN connection between the UE and the new gateway triggered by the network address reassignment indication.
  • the trigger message may be sent to other network entities under the trigger of the network address re-allocation indication; the trigger message may be a different message according to different networks or scenarios, for example, a PDN connection establishment request may be sent to the SGW, thereby establishing a second PDN connection. .
  • the embodiment may trigger the establishment of the second PDN connection triggered by the network address re-allocation indication, thereby establishing route optimization in the process of route optimization.
  • the second PDN connection is followed, and when the second PDN connection is established, the existing first PDN connection may be reserved. Therefore, two PDN connections may be established for one access point, so that the service of the UE can pass the second PDN.
  • the connection is switched to the new gateway to ensure continuity of the service during route optimization.
  • the mobility optimization entity After receiving the route optimization request sent by the UE, the mobility optimization entity initiates a route optimization process, where it is assumed that the route optimization request sent by the UE is a PDN Connectivity message; the request receiving unit 701 of the mobility management entity receives After the PDN Connectivity message, the connection triggering unit 702 triggers the establishment of a second PDN connection between the UE and the new gateway, triggered by the reassignment indication carried by the PDN Connectivity message. Specifically, the connection triggering unit 702 sends a trigger message to the corresponding SGW to establish a second PDN connection under the trigger of the reassignment indication.
  • the trigger message sent varies according to different usage environments or networks, and is not limited here.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the structure of the second embodiment of the mobility management entity device, including:
  • the request receiving unit 801 is configured to receive a route optimization request, where the route optimization request includes a network address re-allocation indication, and the UE that sends the route optimization request has a first PDN connection;
  • the visited access authority determining unit 802 is configured to determine, after the request receiving unit 801 receives the route optimization request, whether the UE has the LBO authority;
  • the APN corresponding to the UE may be used for determining
  • connection triggering unit 803 when the visited access authority determining unit 802 determines that the UE has the LBO authority, triggers the establishment of the second PDN between the UE and the new gateway under the trigger of the network address reassignment indication. connection.
  • the embodiment further includes a visited access authority determining unit, and the visited access authority determining unit can establish a second PDN connection only for the UE with the LBO authority, so that the system resources are Get effective use.
  • the mobility optimization entity After receiving the route optimization request sent by the UE, the mobility optimization entity initiates a route optimization process, where it is assumed that the route optimization request sent by the UE is a PDN Connectivity message; the request receiving unit 801 of the mobility management entity receives the PDN.
  • the connectivity message, the PDN Connectivity message may include a re-allocation indication and an APN; at this time, the visited access authority determining unit 802 may determine whether the UE has the LBO authority according to the APN, and may specifically query according to the APN to the database; The unit 803 triggers the establishment of the second PDN connection between the UE and the new gateway triggered by the reassignment indication carried by the PDN Connectivity message when the visited access authority determining unit 802 determines that the UE has the LBO. Specifically, the connection triggering unit 803 can send a trigger message to the corresponding SGW to establish a second PDN connection under the trigger of the reassignment indication.
  • the trigger message sent varies according to different usage environments or networks, and is not limited here.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the structure of the third embodiment of the mobility management entity device, including:
  • the request receiving unit 901 is configured to receive a route optimization request, where the route optimization request includes a network address re-allocation indication, and the UE that sends the route optimization request has a first PDN connection;
  • the route optimization determining unit 902 is configured to determine, after the request receiving unit 901 receives the route optimization request, whether the current new gateway is better than the current gateway;
  • the connection triggering unit 903 is configured to trigger, when the route optimization determining unit 902 determines that a new gateway is better than the current gateway, trigger a second PDN connection between the UE and the new PGW under the trigger of the network address reassignment indication.
  • the embodiment further includes a route optimization judging unit, and the route optimization judging unit can establish a second PDN connection only for the UE that needs to perform route optimization, so that system resources are effectively utilized.
  • the mobility optimization entity After receiving the route optimization request sent by the UE, the mobility optimization entity initiates a route optimization process, where it is assumed that the route optimization request sent by the UE is a PDN Connectivity message; the request receiving unit 901 of the mobility management entity receives the PDN. Connectivity message, the PDN
  • the connection message may include a redistribution indication.
  • the route optimization determining unit 902 may determine whether the new gateway is better than the current gateway, and may specifically determine according to the location of the UE and the network where the UE is located; When the route optimization determining unit 902 determines that the new gateway is better than the current gateway, triggering the establishment of the second PDN connection between the UE and the new gateway is triggered by the redistribution indication carried by the PDN Connectivity message.
  • the connection triggering unit 903 may send a trigger message to the corresponding SGW to establish a second PDN connection under the trigger of the re-allocation indication.
  • the trigger message sent varies according to different usage environments or networks, and is not
  • the visited access authority determining unit in the second embodiment of the mobility management entity and the route optimization determining unit in the third embodiment of the mobility management entity may exist in the same mobility management entity.
  • the ground access authority judging unit and the route optimization judging unit may be the same judging unit, or may exist as two units in the mobility management entity, which is not limited herein.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a structure of a system embodiment for implementing route optimization according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a current gateway, a mobility management entity, and a new gateway, where:
  • the current gateway 1001 is configured to establish a first PDN connection with the UE.
  • the mobility management entity 1002 receives a route optimization request, where the route optimization request includes a network address re-allocation indication, where the route optimization request is sent by the UE when it has a first PDN connection with the current gateway;
  • the network address re-allocation indication triggers sending a trigger message;
  • a new gateway 1003 is configured to establish a second PDN connection triggered by a trigger message sent by the mobility management entity.
  • the UE sends a route optimization request including a network address re-allocation indication, so that the network side establishes a route-optimized second PDN connection for the UE, and may retain the existing PDN connection when establishing the second PDN connection.
  • the first PDN connection therefore, in the process of route optimization, two PDN connections are established for one access point, so that the service of the UE can be switched to the new gateway through the second PDN connection, in the process of route optimization, Guarantee business continuity.
  • the route optimization request is sent to the mobility management entity; here, it is assumed that the route optimization request is a PDN Connectivity message, and the mobility management entity 1002 is After receiving the PDN Connectivity message, A trigger message is sent to the new gateway triggered by the PDN Connectivity message; the new gateway 1003 establishes a second PDN connection triggered by the trigger message.
  • the triggering message sent by the mobility management entity 1002 may be different according to different usage environments or networks, and is not limited herein.
  • the mobility management entity in the system for implementing route optimization may determine whether the UE that sends the route optimization request has the LBO permission after receiving the route optimization request; determining that the UE has the LBO permission
  • the trigger message is sent only. Since the trigger message is sent to establish a second PDN connection only when the UE has the LBO authority, the system resources are effectively utilized. Wherein, when judging whether the UE has the LBO authority, the APN can be judged, and the specific APN can be searched from the database.
  • the mobility management entity in the system for implementing route optimization may determine whether the gateway is better than the current gateway after receiving the route optimization request, and determine that the new gateway is more than the current gateway. The best time to send a trigger message. Since the trigger message is sent to establish a second PDN connection only when the new gateway is better than the current gateway, the second PDN connection is established when route optimization is required, so that system resources are effectively utilized.
  • the trigger message is sent to establish a second PDN connection only when the new gateway is better than the current gateway, the second PDN connection is established when route optimization is required, so that system resources are effectively utilized.
  • the current gateway in the system for implementing route optimization provided by the embodiment of the present invention is further configured to release the first PDN connection after the new gateway establishes a second PDN connection with the UE.
  • the UE After the second PDN connection is established, the UE has switched the service to the new gateway through the second PDN connection, so that the first PDN connection can be released, and the system resources occupied by the first PDN connection are released, so that the system resources are valid. use.
  • the current gateway may release the first PDN connection actively according to its own policy; or may be passively released under the trigger of the trigger message sent by other network entities, for example, the deletion policy and the charging control rule that can be sent in the old vPCRF.
  • the first PDN connection is released under the trigger of the message.
  • the structure of the user equipment embodiment provided by the embodiment includes:
  • the request sending unit 1101 is configured to send a route optimization request when the user equipment has a first PDN connection, where the route optimization request includes a network address reallocation indication;
  • a connection establishing unit 1102 configured to establish a second PDN connection with the new gateway after the request sending unit 1101 sends a route optimization request; Specifically, the establishment of the second PDN connection may be completed after receiving the new network address.
  • the UE sends a route optimization request including a network address re-allocation indication, so that the network side establishes a second PDN connection for the UE, and establishes a route-optimized PDN connection for an APN in the process of route optimization.
  • the existing first PDN connection may be reserved. Therefore, two PDN connections may be established for one access point at the same time, so that the service of the UE can be switched to the new through the second PDN connection.
  • the gateway ensures the continuity of the service in the process of route optimization.
  • the request sending unit 1101 sends a PDN Connectivity message to the MME as a route optimization request, where the message carries a re-allocation indication, thereby initiating route optimization; triggering the MME to perform a route optimization process, thereby
  • the new gateway is configured to allocate a new network address to the UE; after obtaining the new network address, the MME sends the new network address to the UE; after obtaining the new network address, the UE uses the new network address through the connection establishing unit 1102. Establish a second PDN connection with the new gateway. Generally, the UE can complete the establishment of the second PDN connection after obtaining the new network address.
  • the UE may further include a service switching unit, configured to switch the service to the new gateway by using the second PDN connection after the connection establishing unit establishes the second PDN connection. After the UE is switched to the new network management system, the UE can use the new gateway to perform services, so that the UE can obtain better services.
  • a service switching unit configured to switch the service to the new gateway by using the second PDN connection after the connection establishing unit establishes the second PDN connection.
  • the UE provided by the embodiment of the present invention may further include:
  • connection release unit configured to release the first after the service switching unit switches the service to the new gateway
  • the system resources occupied by the first PDN connection can be released, so that system resources can be effectively utilized.
  • the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.

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Description

实现路由优化的方法、 ***及装置
本申请要求于 2008 年 3 月 31 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200810090243.3、 发明名称为 "实现路由优化的方法、 ***及装置" 的中国专 利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域， 具体涉及实现路由优化的方法、 ***及装置。 背景技术
移动通讯网络分为电路交换域 ( CS: Circuit Switched Domain )和分组交 换域（PS: Packet Switched Domain ) 两个部分， 其中， 电路域主要承载传统 的基于电路交换的语音业务， 分组域则提供基于包交换的分组业务。 其中， 对 于分组交换域， 出于路由优化， 减少数据传输延时的目的， 引入了拜访地接入 ( LBO: Local breakout ) 的概念， LBO是指用户在拜访地的数据网关分配网 际协议（IP: Internet Protocol )地址， 数据直接从拜访地路由到外部数据网而 不经过拜访地以外的区域。
数据的传输是通过分组数据网络（ PDN: Packet Data Network )连接进行 的， 因此用户设备（UE: User Equipment )需要传输数据要发送 PDN连接请 求建立 PDN连接。现有的一种 PDN连接请求的处理方案是这样的： 网络侧接 收请求建立路由优化后的 PDN连接的新的 PDN连接请求，如果发送新的 PDN 连接请求的 UE对应的 PDN网络的接入点名 （ APN: Access Point Name )和 已有的 PDN连接相同， 网络侧就拒绝上述新的 PDN连接请求。
在实现本发明的过程中，发明人发现上述方案至少存在如下缺陷： 在已经 有 PDN连接时，如果接收的新的 PDN连接请求对应的 APN与已有的 PDN连 接的 APN相同，网络侧会拒绝新的 PDN连接请求，从而在路由优化的过程中， 不能为该 APN建立路由优化后的 PDN连接， 更不能为一个 APN同时建立两 个 PDN连接。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了实现路由优化的方法、 ***及装置，使用本发明实施 例提供的技术方案， 可以在路由优化的过程中， 建立路由优化后的 PDN连接， 同时为一个接入点建立两个 PDN连接。 本发明实施例提供一种路由优化方法， 包括：
接收路由优化请求， 所述路由优化请求包括网络地址重分配指示， 所述路 由优化请求由用户设备在与当前网关有第一分组数据网络连接时发送；
在所述网络地址重分配指示触发下触发建立所述用户设备与新的网关之 间的第二分组数据网络连接。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括计算 机程序代码， 当所述计算机程序代码被一个计算机执行的时候， 所述计算机程 序代码可以使得所述计算机执行实现路由优化的方法中的任意一项步骤。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质 ,所述计算机存储计算机程 序代码， 当所述计算机程序代码被一个计算机执行的时候， 所述计算机程序代 码可以使得所述计算机执行实现路由优化的方法中的任意一项步骤。
本发明实施例还提供一种移动性管理实体， 包括：
请求接收单元， 用于接收路由优化请求， 所述路由优化请求包括网络地址 重分配指示，所述路由优化请求由用户设备在与当前网关有第一分组数据网络 连接时发送；
连接触发单元，用于在所述请求接收单元接收的网络地址重分配指示触发 下触发建立所述用户设备与新的分组数据网关之间的第二分组数据网络连接。
本发明实施例还提供一种实现路由优化的***， 包括移动性管理实体， 当 前网关和新的网关， 其中：
所述当前网关， 用于建立与用户设备的第一分组数据网络连接； 所述移动性管理实体， 用于接收路由优化请求， 所述路由优化请求包括网 络地址重分配指示，所述路由优化请求是所述用户设备在与所述当前网关有第 一分组数据网络连接时发送； 在所述网络地址重分配指示触发下发送触发消 息；
所述新的网关， 用于在所述移动性管理实体发送的触发消息的触发下， 建 立与所述用户设备之间的第二分组数据网络连接。
本发明实施例还提供一种用户设备， 包括：
请求发送单元， 用于在与当前网关有第一分组数据网络连接时，发送路由 优化请求， 所述路由优化请求包括网络地址重分配指示； 连接建立单元， 用于在所述请求发送单元发送路由优化请求后， 建立与新 的网关之间的第二分组数据网络连接。
从本发明实施例提供的以上技术方案可以看出，由于本发明实施例在接收 到包括网络地址重分配指示的路由优化请求后，可以在网络地址重分配指示的 触发下触发建立第二 PDN连接， 从而在路由优化的过程中， 建立路由优化后 的第二 PDN连接， 并且在建立第二 PDN连接时， 可以保留已有的第一 PDN 连接， 因此， 可以为一个接入点建立两个 PDN连接， 从而使 UE的业务可以 通过第二 PDN连接切换至新的网关，在路由优化过程中，保证业务的连续性。 附图说明
图 7为本发明实施例中用户设备实施例的结构图；
图 8为本发明实施例中移动性管理实体实施例一的结构图；
图 9为本发明实施例中移动性管理实体实施例二的结构图；
图 10为本发明实施例中移动性管理实体实施例三的结构图；
图 11为本发明实施例中实现路由优化的***实施例的结构图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案、 及优点更加清楚明白， 以下参照附图并举 实施例， 对本发明进一步详细说明。
先介绍本发明实施例提供的路由优化方法，图 1描述了本发明实施例提供 的路由优化方法实施例一的流程， 包括：
步骤 101、接收路由优化请求，该路由优化请求包括网络地址重分配指示； 其中， 该路由优化请求是在 UE与当前网关有第一 PDN连接时发送的。 在 UE的位置发生变化时， 可能当前网关并不是较优的网关， 因此 UE可以发 送路由优化请求进行路由优化， 从而使 UE的业务切换至一个较优的网关； 为 了使网络侧获知需要发起路由优化的 PDN网络的信息， 在路由优化请求中会 携带 PDN网络的标识信息 , 如 APN, 连接承载标识（ LBI: Linked Bearer Id ) 等； 该 PDN网络的标识信息可以预先配置在 UE上， 也可以由网络侧提供， 例如可以由网络侧的移动性管理实体（ MME: Mobility Management Entity )提 供； 如当网络侧判断 UE进入需要路由优化的区域时， 网络侧把需要发起路由 优化的 PDN网络标识信息 APN或 LBI提供给 UE;
网关是接入数据网络的网关，在不同的网络中会有不同， 例如在***架构 演进（ SAE: system architecture evolution )网络中，该网关可以是 UE接入 PDN 网络的接入网关， 如分组数据网关 （PGW: PDN Gateway )等；
UE可以在移动性管理实体的触发下发送路由优化请求， 如果 MME判断
UE的位置发生了变化， 且 UE的当前 PGW已经不是最适合的时， MME可以 通知 UE发起路由优化 ,具体可以在 UE发起跟踪区更新（ TAU: Tracking Area Update )的跟踪区更新接受（ TAU Accept )消息中通知 UE; UE可以根据上述 来自 MME的通知， 确定是否、 以及何时发起路由优化请求， 如立即， 或者稍 后， 或者不发起路由优化请求等；
当然， UE还可以在用户的指示、业务应用的指示等情况下发起路由优化， 从而发送路由优化请求；
UE发送的路由优化请求可以是 PDN连接（ PDN Connectivity )请求等消 息； 该请求中携带的网络地址重分配指示表示 UE需要发起路由优化， 希望网 络侧重新分配一个网络地址； 路由优化请求中包括 PDN网络的标识信息， 如 APN, LBI等， 用于指示 UE希望对哪个 PDN网络发起路由优化； 其中， 在 路由优化请求是 PDN Connectivity请求或其它现有的请求消息时， 网络地址重 分配指示可以是该请求中的一个单独的参数， 例如可以通过 " optimize indication"指示； 还可以通过对该请求中的一个现有参数进行扩展， 从而携带 网络地址重分配指示； 可选的， UE发送的路由优化请求还可以携带与 UE对 应的接入点名 （APN: Access Point Name ); 此时， 就可以通过结构化 APN的 方法携带网络地址重分配指示， 比如说 APN是 "cmims" , 在发起路由优化的 情况下， UE可以在路由优化请求中将 APN设置为 "cmims.opt" , 表示用户设 备需要发起路由优化， 希望网络重新分配一个 IP地址； 当然， UE发送的路由优化请求也可以一个新的请求消息，如第二 PDN连 接（ Second PDN Connectivity )请求等消息， 在消息中携带 PDN网络的标识信 息， 如 APN, LBI等； 由于是一个新的请求消息， 因此该消息自身就可以作为 重定向指示， 而不需要在请求消息中携带额外的信息；
步骤 102、 在网络地址重分配指示触发下触发建立 UE与新的网关之间的 第二 PDN连接；
第一 PDN连接和第二 PDN连接是同一 PDN网络中的，因此第一 PDN连 接对应相同的接入点， 即具有相同的 APN。
建立第二 PDN连接时， 新的网关会为 UE分配新的网络地址； 以网关为 PGW为例， 本发明实施例提供的一种建立第二 PDN连接的流程如下：
在网络地址重分配指示触发下 MME为 UE选择新的网关， 在选定了新的 网关后， MME发送触发消息， 该触发消息会包括选择的新的网关的信息； 接 入控制实体接收该触发消息，从而获知新的网关的信息， 进而向新的网关发送 连接建立请求； 新的网关接收所述连接建立请求后， 建立第二 PDN连接。 其 中， 接入控制实体在不同的网络中是不同的， 例如可以是服务网关 （SGW: Serving Gateway ),演进的分组数据网关（ ePDG: evolved Packet Data Gateway ), 接入服务网络网关 （ASN-GW: Access Service Network-Gateway ), 服务通用 分组无线业务支持点 (SGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node)等。
在接入控制实体为 SGW时， 本发明实施例提供的建立第二 PDN连接的 过程可以如下： MME根据网络地址重分配指示为 UE选择新的 PGW,向 SGW 发送 PDN连接建立请求作为触发消息，该 PDN连接建立请求携带选择的新的 PGW的信息； SGW接收 PDN连接建立请求后， 向新的 PGW发送连接建立 请求； 新的 PGW接收 SGW发送的连接建立请求后， 建立第二 PDN连接。 在 建立第二 PDN连接时， 网络侧会为 UE分配新的网络地址， 具体可以由网络 中的 PGW 或者动态主机分配协议 ( DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol )服务器根据 UE的请求， 为 UE分配新的网络地址， 并将新的网络地 址发送给 UE。
其中， 在建立了第二 PDN连接后， 可以直接释放第一 PDN连接， 也可以 在策略的触发下释放第一 PDN连接； 为了保证 UE在路由优化的过程中业务 的连续性， 本发明实施例优选在策略的触发下释放第一 PDN连接。 从上可知， 本实施例在接收到包括网络地址重分配指示的路由优化请求 后， 可以在网络地址重分配指示的触发下触发建立第二 PDN连接， 从而在路 由优化的过程中， 建立路由优化后的第二 PDN连接， 并且在建立第二 PDN连 接时，可以保留已有的第一 PDN连接，因此，可以为一个接入点建立两个 PDN 连接， 从而使 UE的业务可以通过第二 PDN连接切换至新的网关， 在路由优 化过程中， 保证业务的连续性。
进一步， 步骤 102之前可以进一步包括如下步骤：
判断发送路由优化请求的 UE是否有 LBO的权限； 只有在 UE具有 LBO 的权限时， 才进行步骤 102; 反之， 则拒绝 UE的路由优化请求； 或者
判断是否存在新的网关比当前网关更优；只有存在新的网关比当前网关更 优时， 才执行步骤 102; 反之， 拒绝 UE的路由优化请求； 其中， 更优是指通 过更优的网关可以使 UE获得更好的服务， 例如一个 UE到了拜访地， 相对归 属地的网关来说，拜访地的网关要比归属地的网关更优， 此时通过拜访地的网 关比通过归属地的网关接入网络可以使 UE获得更好的服务。
在建立了第二 PDN后，可以通过第二 PDN连接将 UE的业务切换至新的 网关。
由于在步骤 102中， 新的网关为 UE分配了第二 PDN连接的新的网络地 址， 因此 UE可以根据新的网络地址将业务切换至新的网关； 具体的， 以 UE 处于 IP多媒体核心网络子***（ IMS： IP Multimedia Core Network Subsystem ) 网络、 网关为 PGW为例， UE可以在 IMS会话中向网络侧发送会话初始协议 ( SIP: Session Initiation Protocol ) 消息的重邀请 ( relNVITE )请求， 在会话 描述协议（ SDP: Session Description Protocol )信息中携带 IMS会话的媒体端 口，将 IMS会话的媒体端口从当前 PGW分配的网络地址修改为新的网络地址， 从而将业务从当前 PGW切换到新的 PGW。
在 UE将业务切换至新的 PGW后， 为了降低 UE对***资源的占用， 可 以释放 UE的第一 PDN连接 , 从而节省***资源。
第一 PDN连接的释放可以由 UE发起；在 UE没有释放第一 PDN连接时， 网络侧根据本地策略， 可以检查第一 PDN连接是否释放， 如果未释放， 释放 第一 PDN 连接， 具体可以由 SGW, PGW, 策略控制和计费规则功能实体 ( PCRF: Policy Control and Charging Rules Function )等释放发起单元发起释 放第一 PDN 连接； 其中， PCRF 可以是家乡策略控制和计费规则功能实体 ( hPCRF )或拜访地策略控制和计费规则功能实体（vPCRF )。
UE发起释放第一 PDN连接和 hPCRF发起释放第一 PDN连接的情况， 包括： 步骤 200、 UE确定发起路由优化；
此时 UE与当前 PGW ( old PGW )之间已经有第一 PDN连接； 此时 UE 的网络地址可以是第一网际协议地址（IP addressl ); 其中， 第一 PDN连接可 以釆用如下流程建立： UE向 old PGW发起 PDN连接请求， 获得 IP Addressl , 同时， old PGW可以将上述信息通过当前 vPCRF ( old vPCRF )上报给 hPCRF, 使 hPCRF可以获知建立了第一 PDN; 此时， UE可以使用 IP Addressl实现业 务， 如 IMS, 即时消息等；
步骤 201、 UE向 MME发送分组数据网络连接消息作为路由优化请求， 该消息中携带有重分配指示；
步骤 202、 MME向接入控制实体 SGW发送创建缺省承载（ Create Default Bearer )请求消息， 该消息中也携带上述重分配指示； 其中， 创建缺省承载请 求消息作为触发消息；
MME收到 UE发起的 PDN Connectivity请求，可以判断 UE是否具有 LBO 的权限， 如果没有， 拒绝上述路由优化请求；
进一步， MME还可以判断是否存在新的网关比 old PGW更优， 如果否， 拒绝路由优化请求。
在判断存在新的网关比 old PGW更优时， MME为该 APN选择一个比 old PGW更优的新的分组数据网关 （new PGW ) , 向 SGW发起 PDN连接请求， PDN连接请求包括 new PGW的信息； 在本实施例中， 该 PDN连接请求可以 为创建缺省承载请求； 但是本发明实施例并不限定该 PDN连接请求只能为创 建缺省承载请求；
步骤 203、 SGW向选择的 new PGW发送创建缺省承载消息； SGW收到上述创建缺省承载请求后， 向 new PGW发送 PDN连接请求； 根据不同的接口协议， PDN连接请求可以有不同； 例如 SGW和 new PGW之 间的接口协议为通用分组无线业务隧道协议（ GTP: GPRS Tunneling Protocol ), SGW发送本是实例中的创建缺省承载给 PGW, 如果 SGW和 PGW之间的接 口协议为代理移动 IP ( PMIP: Proxy Mobile IP )协议， SGW可以发送代理绑 定更新 （ Proxy Binding Update ) 消息给 PGW;
步骤 204、 new PGW为 UE分配新的网络地址，假设新的网络地址为第二 网际协议地址（ IP address2 );向新的拜访地策略控制和计费规则功能实体（ New vPCRF )发送通知消息， 该通知消息可以是分组数据网络连接建立通知 （IP Session Established ) 消息， 表示为 UE建立了第二 PDN连接；
其中， PGW向 new vPCRF发送通知消息时， 如果 SGW和 new PGW之 间的接口协议为 GTP,那么 PGW发送 PDN连接建立通知到 vPCRF;如果 SGW 和 PGW之间的接口协议为 PMIP协议， 则可以由 SGW向 new vPCRF发送通 知消息， 该通知消息可以是 PDN连接建立通知到 vPCRF; 其中， PCRF可以 下发相应的策略和计费控制 （PCC )规则；
步骤 205、 New vPCRF向 hPCRF发送分组数据网络连接建立通知消息， 使 hPCRF可以获知 UE建立了第二 PDN连接；
步骤 206、 new PGW向 SGW发送包括第二网际协议地址的消息；步骤 206 的执行在 new PGW为 UE分配新的网络地址 IP address2之后，与 new PGW向 New vPCRF发送 IP Session Established消息并没有时间上的先后顺序；
步骤 207、 SGW向 MME发送包括第二网际协议地址的消息；
步骤 208、 MME向 UE发送包括第二网际协议地址的消息；
步骤 209、 UE接收到包括 IP address2的消息后， 可以获知新的 PDN连接 已经建立，新的网络地址为 IP address2;从而将业务切换到新的分组数据网络； UE处于不同的***时，业务切换的流程根据不同的***会有不同；以 IMS ***为例， UE可以在 IMS会话中向 IMS网络发送 relNVITE请求， 在 SDP 信息中携带 IMS会话的媒体端口，将 IMS会话的媒体端口从 IPAddressl修改 为 IP Address2 , 从而将业务从 old PGW切换到 new PGW;
步骤 210、 UE发起释放第一分组数据网络连接； UE可以在 PDN连接释放 ( PDN Disconnect )请求中携带连接承载标识 ( LBI: Linked Bearer Id )信息， 以指示释放与 old PGW之间的 PDN连接； 进一步， 如果步骤 210没有执行， 即 UE没有发起释放第一 PDN连接， 可以继续执行步骤 211~214释放第一 PDN连接；
步骤 211、 hPCRF进行策略决策；
在本地策略的触发下， hPCRF进行策略决策； 假设本地策略是时间策略， 在一段时间后 , 比如 12小时， hPCRF检查到本地对于 UE的 APN "cmims"依 然有两个 PDN连接 , 此时 hPCRF可以进行相应的操作； 例如可以下发策略命 令到 old PGW, 触发 old PGW删除相应的策略和计费控制规则；
步骤 212、 hPCRF向 old PGW发送删除策略和计费控制规则的消息； 步骤 213、 old PGW向 SGW发送删除承载请求（ Delete Bearer Request ) 消息；
步骤 214、 SGW释放相应的资源， 向 old PGW发送删除承载响应（Delete Bearer Response ) 消息； 完成第一 PDN连接的释放。
从上可知，本实施例由 UE发送包括网络地址重分配指示的路由优化请求， 从而使网络侧为 UE建立路由优化后的第二 PDN连接， 并且在建立第二 PDN 连接时， 保留已有的第一 PDN连接， 从而在使用新的数据网关提供服务时， 可以保留原来的数据网关和地址， 因此， 在路由优化的过程中， 可以保证业务 的连续性； 同时， 在 UE将业务切换至新的数据网关后， 可以释放第一 PDN 连接， 从而释放 UE占用的***资源， 提高***资源的利用率。
图 3描述了本发明实施例提供的路由优化方法实施例三的信令流程，描述 了由 SGW发起释放第一 PDN连接的情况， 包括：
步骤 300、 UE确定发起路由优化；
步骤 301、 UE向 MME发送分组数据网络连接消息， 该消息中携带有重 分配指示；
步骤 302、 MME向 SGW发送创建缺省承载消息，该消息中也携带上述重 分配指示； Create Default Bearer消息携带 MME选择的 new PGW的信息； 步骤 303、 SGW向选择的 new PGW发送创建缺省承载消息；
步骤 304、 new PGW为 UE分配新的网络地址 IP address2; 向 New vPCRF 发送分组数据网络连接建立通知消息， 表示为 UE建立了第二 PDN连接； 步骤 305、 New vPCRF向 hPCRF发送分组数据网络连接建立通知消息， 使 hPCRF可以获知 UE建立了第二 PDN连接；
步骤 306、 new PGW向 SGW发送包括第二网际协议地址的消息；步骤 206 的执行在 new PGW为 UE分配新的网络地址 IP address2之后，与 new PGW向
New vPCRF发送 IP Session Established消息并没有时间上的先后顺序；
步骤 307、 SGW向 MME发送包括第二网际协议地址的消息；
步骤 308、 MME向 UE发送包括第二网际协议地址的消息；
步骤 309、 UE接收到包括 IP address2的消息后， 可以获知新的 PDN连接 已经建立，新的网络地址为 IP address2;从而将业务切换到新的分组数据网关； 步骤 300 309的执行参照步骤 200〜步骤 209的执行。
步骤 310、 SGW进行策略决策；
在本地策略的触发下， SGW进行策略决策； 假设本地策略是时间策略， 在一段时间后， 比如 12小时， SGW检查到本地对于 UE的 APN "cmims"依然 有两个 PDN连接， 此时 SGW可以进行相应的操作； 例如可以向 old PGW发 送连接释放触发消息， 从而删除第一 PDN连接；
本实施例中 , 还可以由 MME进行策略决策； MME根据本地策略进行决 策 ,如检查到本地对于 UE的一个 APN存在两个 PDN连接 , MME可以向 SGW 发送连接释放触发消息， 从而删除第一 PDN连接；
步骤 311、 SGW向 old PGW发送删除承载请求消息作为连接释放触发消 息；
步骤 312、 old PGW释放相应的资源， 向 SGW发送删除承载响应消息； 完成第一 PDN连接的释放；
步骤 313、 old PGW释放相应的资源后， 向 hPCRF发送网际协议会话终 结（ IP Session Terminated )消息，使 hPCRF可以获知第一 PDN连接已经释放。
从上可知，本实施例由 UE发送包括网络地址重分配指示的路由优化请求， 从而使网络侧为 UE建立路由优化后的第二 PDN连接， 并且在建立第二 PDN 连接时， 保留已有的第一 PDN连接， 从而在使用新的数据网关提供服务时， 可以保留原来的数据网关和地址， 因此， 在路由优化的过程中， 可以保证业务 的连续性； 同时， 在 UE将业务切换至新的数据网关后， 可以释放第一 PDN 连接， 从而释放 UE占用的***资源， 提高***资源的利用率。 了由 old PGW发起释放第一 PDN连接的情况， 包括：
步骤 400、 UE确定发起路由优化；
步骤 401、 UE向 MME发送分组数据网络连接消息， 该消息中携带有重 分配指示；
步骤 402、 MME向 SGW发送创建缺省承载消息，该消息中也携带上述重 分配指示； 创建缺省承载消息携带 MME选择的 new PGW的信息；
步骤 403、 SGW向选择的 new PGW发送创建缺省承载消息；
步骤 404、 new PGW为 UE分配新的网络地址 IP address2; 向 New vPCRF 发送分组数据网络连接建立通知消息， 表示为 UE建立了第二 PDN连接； 步骤 405、 New vPCRF向 hPCRF发送分组数据网络连接建立通知消息， 使 hPCRF可以获知 UE建立了第二 PDN连接；
步骤 400 405的执行参照步骤 200〜步骤 205的执行。
步骤 406、 hPCRF向 old PGW发送删除策略和计费控制规则的消息； hPCRF检查本地对于相同的 APN "cmims"有两个 PDN连接， hPCRF下发 策略命令到 old PGW, 触发 old PGW删除相应的策略和计费控制规则；
步骤 407、 new PGW向 SGW发送包括第二网际协议地址的消息；步骤 206 的执行在 new PGW为 UE分配新的网络地址 IP address2之后，与 new PGW向 New vPCRF发送 IP Session Established消息并没有时间上的先后顺序；
步骤 408、 SGW向 MME发送包括第二网际协议地址的消息；
步骤 409、 MME向 UE发送包括第二网际协议地址的消息；
步骤 410、 UE接收到包括 IP address2的消息后， 可以获知新的 PDN连接 已经建立，新的网络地址为 IP address2;从而将业务切换到新的分组数据网络； 步骤 407~410参照步骤 206~209执行。
步骤 411、 old PGW进行策略决策；
在本地策略的触发下， old PGW进行策略决策；假设本地策略是时间策略， 在一段时间后， 比如 12小时， old PGW检查到 hPCRF要求删除的 PPC规则 对应的第一 PDN没有被释放， 进而进行相应的操作， 例如可以向 SGW发送 Delete Bearer Request消息， 从而删除第一 PDN连接；
步骤 412、 old PGW向 SGW发送删除承载请求消息；
步骤 413、 SGW释放相应的资源， 向 old PGW发送删除承载响应消息； 完成第一 PDN连接的释放。
从上可知，本实施例由 UE发送包括网络地址重分配指示的路由优化请求， 从而使网络侧为 UE建立路由优化后的第二 PDN连接， 并且在建立第二 PDN 连接时， 保留已有的第一 PDN连接， 从而在使用新的数据网关提供服务时， 可以保留原来的数据网关和地址， 因此， 在路由优化的过程中， 可以保证业务 的连续性； 同时， 在 UE将业务切换至新的数据网关后， 可以释放第一 PDN 连接， 从而释放 UE占用的***资源， 提高***资源的利用率。 了由当前 vPCRF ( old vPCRF )发起释放第一 PDN连接的情况， 包括：
步骤 500、 UE确定发起路由优化；
步骤 501、 UE向 MME发送分组数据网络连接消息， 该消息中携带有重 分配指示；
步骤 502、 MME向 SGW发送创建缺省承载消息，该消息中也携带上述重 分配指示； 创建缺省承载消息携带 MME选择的 new PGW的信息；
步骤 503、 SGW向选择的 new PGW发送创建缺省承载消息；
步骤 504、 new PGW为 UE分配新的网络地址 IP address2; 向 New vPCRF 发送分组数据网络连接建立通知消息， 表示为 UE建立了第二 PDN连接； 步骤 505、 New vPCRF向 hPCRF发送分组数据网络连接建立通知消息， 使 hPCRF可以获知 UE建立了第二 PDN连接；
步骤 500 505的执行参照步骤 200〜步骤 205的执行。
步骤 506、 hPCRF向 old vPCRF发送删除策略和计费控制规则的消息； hPCRF检查本地对于相同的 APN "cmims"有两个 PDN连接， hPCRF下发 策略命令到 old PGW, 触发 old PGW删除相应的策略和计费控制规则；
步骤 507、 new PGW向 SGW发送包括第二网际协议地址的消息；步骤 206 的执行在 new PGW为 UE分配新的网络地址 IP address2之后，与 new PGW向 New vPCRF发送 IP Session Established消息并没有时间上的先后顺序； 步骤 508、 SGW向 MME发送包括第二网际协议地址的消息；
步骤 509、 MME向 UE发送包括第二网际协议地址的消息；
步骤 510、 UE接收到包括 IP address2的消息后， 可以获知新的 PDN连接 已经建立， 新的网络地址为 IP address2; 从而将业务切换到新的 PGW;
步骤 507~510参照步骤 206~209执行。
步骤 511、 old vPCRF进行策略决策；
在本地策略的触发下， old vPCRF进行策略决策； 假设本地策略是时间策 略， 在一段时间后， 比如 12小时， old vPCRF检查到 hPCRF要求删除的 PPC 规则对应的第一 PDN没有被释放，进而进行相应的操作，例如可以向 old PGW 发送删除 PPC规则的消息， 从而触发 old PGW删除第一 PDN连接；
步骤 512、 old vPCRF向 old PGW发送删除策略和计费控制规则的消息； 步骤 513、 old PGW向 SGW发送删除承载请求消息；
步骤 514、 SGW释放相应的资源， 向 old PGW发送删除承载响应消息； 完成第一 PDN连接的释放。
从上可知，本实施例由 UE发送包括网络地址重分配指示的路由优化请求， 从而使网络侧为 UE建立路由优化后的第二 PDN连接， 并且在建立第二 PDN 连接时， 保留已有的第一 PDN连接， 从而在使用新的数据网关提供服务时， 可以保留原来的数据网关和地址， 因此， 在路由优化的过程中， 可以保证业务 的连续性； 同时， 在 UE将业务切换至新的数据网关后， 可以释放第一 PDN 连接， 从而释放 UE占用的***资源， 提高***资源的利用率。
图 6描述了本发明实施例提供的路由优化方法实施例六的信令流程，描述 了当 UE 通过 波存取全球互通 ( Wimax： Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access ) 网络接入数据网关时， 路由优化的方法， 包括：
步骤 600、 UE确定发起路由优化；
步骤 601、UE向 Wimax网络中的接入控制实体 ePDG发送隧道建立消息， 该消息中携带 IP地址重分配指示， 作为路由优化请求；
步骤 602、 ePDG向选择的 new PGW发送代理绑定更新消息； new PGW 可以由 ePDG选择； 步骤 603、 new PGW为 UE分配新的网络地址 IP address2; 向 New vPCRF 发送分组数据网络连接建立通知消息， 表示为 UE建立了第二 PDN连接； 步骤 604、 New vPCRF向 hPCRF发送分组数据网络连接建立通知消息， 使 hPCRF可以获知 UE建立了第二 PDN连接；
其中， hPCRF获知 UE建立了第二 PDN连接后，可以下发策略命令到 old
PGW, 触发 old PGW删除相应的策略和计费控制规则；
步骤 605、 new PGW向 ePDG发送 Proxy Binding Update消息的响应消息， 响应消息中包括 IP address2 , 该响应消息可以为代理绑定更新响应 （Proxy Binding Ack ) 消息；
步骤 606、 ePDG把第二网际协议地址发送到 UE;
步骤 607、 UE接收到包括 IP address2的消息后， 可以获知新的 PDN连接 已经建立，新的网络地址为 IP address2;从而将业务切换到新的分组数据网关； 步骤 608、 ePDG进行策略决策；
在本地策略的触发下， ePDG进行策略决策； 4艮设本地策略是时间策略， 在一段时间后 , 比如 12小时， ePDG检查到本地对于 UE的 APN "cmims"依然 有两个 PDN连接， 此时 ePDG可以进行相应的操作； 例如可以向 old PGW发 送连接释放触发消息， 从而删除第一 PDN连接；
步骤 609、 ePDG向 old PGW发送代理绑定更新消息， 把消息中的生存时 间 （lifetime )参数设为 0, 作为连接释放触发消息；
步骤 610、 old PGW向 ePDG发送代理绑定更新响应消息； 完成第一 PDN 连接的释放；
从上可知 , 本实施例由 UE 向 Wimax网络中的接入控制实体 ePDG发送 包括网络地址重分配指示的路由优化请求，从而使网络侧为 UE建立路由优化 后的第二 PDN连接， 并且在建立第二 PDN连接时， 保留已有的第一 PDN连 接， 从而在使用新的数据网关提供服务时， 可以保留原来的数据网关和地址， 因此， 在路由优化的过程中， 可以保证业务的连续性； 同时， 在 UE将业务切 换至新的数据网关后， 可以释放第一 PDN连接， 从而释放 UE占用的***资 源， 提高***资源的利用率。 请求接收单元 701 , 用于接收路由优化请求， 该路由优化请求包括网络地 址重分配指示， 发送该路由优化请求的 UE有第一 PDN连接；
连接触发单元 702, 用于在网络地址重分配指示触发下触发建立 UE与新 的网关之间的第二 PDN连接；
具体的， 可以在网络地址重分配指示触发下向其他网络实体发送触发消 息； 触发消息根据不同的网络或场景可以是不同的消息， 例如可以向 SGW发 送 PDN连接建立请求， 从而建立第二 PDN连接。
从上可知， 本实施例在接收到包括网络地址重分配指示的路由优化请求 后， 可以在网络地址重分配指示的触发下触发建立第二 PDN连接， 从而在路 由优化的过程中， 建立路由优化后的第二 PDN连接， 并且在建立第二 PDN连 接时，可以保留已有的第一 PDN连接，因此，可以为一个接入点建立两个 PDN 连接， 从而使 UE的业务可以通过第二 PDN连接切换至新的网关， 在路由优 化的过程中， 保证业务的连续性。
移动性管理实体的本实施例在接收到 UE发送的路由优化请求后，会发起 路由优化流程 , 此处假设 UE发送的路由优化请求为 PDN Connectivity消息； 移动性管理实体的请求接收单元 701收到 PDN Connectivity消息后，连接触发 单元 702会在 PDN Connectivity消息所携带的重分配指示的触发下触发建立 UE与新的网关之间的第二 PDN连接。具体地，连接触发单元 702会在重分配 指示的触发下向相应的 SGW发送触发消息出发建立第二 PDN连接。 发送的 触发消息根据不同的使用环境或网络会有所不同， 此处不作限定。
进一步， 本发明实施例还提供了的移动性管理实体装置实施例二， 图 8 描述了移动性管理实体装置实施例二的结构， 包括：
请求接收单元 801 , 用于接收路由优化请求， 该路由优化请求包括网络地 址重分配指示， 发送该路由优化请求的 UE有第一 PDN连接；
拜访地接入权限判断单元 802, 用于在请求接收单元 801接收路由优化请 求后， 判断 UE是否有 LBO的权限；
具体可以通过 UE对应的 APN进行判断；
连接触发单元 803 ,在拜访地接入权限判断单元 802判断 UE有 LBO的权 限时，在网络地址重分配指示触发下触发建立 UE与新的网关之间的第二 PDN 连接。
本实施例与移动向管理实体实施例一相比，进一步包括了拜访地接入权限 判断单元， 通过拜访地接入权限判断单元可以只为具有 LBO权限的 UE建立 第二 PDN连接， 使***资源得到有效利用。
移动性管理实体的本实施例在接收到 UE发送的路由优化请求后，会发起 路由优化流程 , 此处假设 UE发送的路由优化请求为 PDN Connectivity消息； 移动性管理实体的请求接收单元 801 接收 PDN Connectivity 消息， 该 PDN Connectivity消息可以包括重分配指示和 APN; 此时， 拜访地接入权限判断单 元 802可以根据 APN对 UE是否有 LBO的权限进行判断，具体可以根据 APN 到数据库中查询； 连接触发单元 803在拜访地接入权限判断单元 802确定 UE 有 LBO的权限时， 在 PDN Connectivity消息所携带的重分配指示的触发下触 发建立 UE与新的网关之间的第二 PDN连接。 具体地， 连接触发单元 803可 以在重分配指示的触发下向相应的 SGW发送触发消息出发建立第二 PDN连 接。 发送的触发消息根据不同的使用环境或网络会有所不同， 此处不作限定。
进一步， 本发明实施例还提供了的移动性管理实体装置实施例三， 图 9 描述了移动性管理实体装置实施例三的结构， 包括：
请求接收单元 901 , 用于接收路由优化请求， 该路由优化请求包括网络地 址重分配指示， 发送该路由优化请求的 UE有第一 PDN连接；
路由优化判断单元 902, 用于在请求接收单元 901接收路由优化请求后， 判断当前新的网关是否比当前网关更优；
连接触发单元 903 , 用于在路由优化判断单元 902判断存在新的网关比当 前网关更优时， 在网络地址重分配指示触发下触发建立 UE与新的 PGW之间 的第二 PDN连接。
本实施例与移动向管理实体实施例一相比 ,进一步包括了路由优化判断单 元， 通过路由优化判断单元可以只为需要进行路由优化的 UE建立第二 PDN 连接， 使***资源得到有效利用。
移动性管理实体的本实施例在接收到 UE发送的路由优化请求后，会发起 路由优化流程 , 此处假设 UE发送的路由优化请求为 PDN Connectivity消息； 移动性管理实体的请求接收单元 901 接收 PDN Connectivity 消息， 该 PDN Connectivity消息可以包括重分配指示； 此时， 路由优化判断单元 902可以对 是否存在新的网关比当前网关更优进行判断，具体可以根据 UE所处的位置以 及所处的网络进行判断；连接触发单元 903在路由优化判断单元 902确定存在 新的网关比当前网关更优时，在 PDN Connectivity消息所携带的重分配指示的 触发下触发建立 UE与新的网关之间的第二 PDN连接。 具体地， 连接触发单 元 903可以在重分配指示的触发下向相应的 SGW发送触发消息出发建立第二 PDN连接。 发送的触发消息根据不同的使用环境或网络会有所不同， 此处不 作限定。
需要说明的是， 移动性管理实体实施例二中的拜访地接入权限判断单元、 和移动性管理实体实施例三中的路由优化判断单元可以存在于同一个移动性 管理实体中，此时拜访地接入权限判断单元和路由优化判断单元可以为同一判 断单元， 也可以在移动性管理实体中作为两个单元存在， 此处不作限定。
本发明实施例还提供了实现路由优化的***， 图 10描述了本发明实施例 提供的实现路由优化的***实施例的结构， 包括当前网关， 移动性管理实体和 新的网关， 其中：
当前网关 1001 , 用于建立与 UE的第一 PDN连接；
移动性管理实体 1002, 接收路由优化请求， 所述路由优化请求包括网络 地址重分配指示， 所述路由优化请求是由所述 UE在与所述当前网关有第一 PDN连接时发送的； 在所述网络地址重分配指示触发下发送触发消息；
新的网关 1003 , 用于在移动性管理实体发送的触发消息的触发下， 建立 第二 PDN连接。
从上可知，本实施例由 UE发送包括网络地址重分配指示的路由优化请求， 从而使网络侧为 UE建立路由优化后的第二 PDN连接， 并且在建立第二 PDN 连接时， 可以保留已有的第一 PDN连接， 因此， 在路由优化的过程中， 为一 个接入点建立两个 PDN连接，从而使 UE的业务可以通过第二 PDN连接切换 至新的网关， 在路由优化的过程中， 保证业务的连续性。
在当前网关 1001与 UE已经有第一 PDN连接时， 如果该 UE需要发起路 由优化， 会向移动性管理实体发送路由优化请求； 此处假设路由优化请求为 PDN Connectivity消息，移动性管理实体 1002在接收 PDN Connectivity消息后， 会在 PDN Connectivity消息的触发下向新的网关发送触发消息；新的网关 1003 在触发消息的触发下建立第二 PDN连接。其中，移动性管理实体 1002发送的 触发消息根据不同的使用环境或网络会有所不同， 此处不作限定。
进一步， 本发明实施例提供的实现路由优化的***中的移动性管理实体， 可以在接收了路由优化请求后， 对发送路由优化请求的 UE是否有 LBO的权 限进行判断； 判断 UE具有 LBO的权限时才发送触发消息。 由于仅在 UE具 有 LBO的权限时才发送触发消息建立第二 PDN连接，从而使***资源得到有 效的利用。 其中， 在对 UE是否具有 LBO权限进行判断时， 可以通过 APN进 行判断， 具体可以根据 APN从数据库中进行查找。
进一步， 本发明实施例提供的实现路由优化的***中的移动性管理实体， 可以在接收了路由优化请求后，对是否存在网关比当前网关更优进行判断； 在 判断新的网关比当前网关更优时才发送触发消息。由于仅在新的网关比当前网 关更优时才发送触发消息建立第二 PDN连接， 从而在需要路由优化时才建立 第二 PDN连接， 使***资源得到有效的利用。 判断是否存在网关比当前网关 更优时， 可以根据 UE所处的位置以及环境等情况确定。
进一步， 本发明实施例提供的实现路由优化的***中的当前网关，还用于 在所述新的网关建立与所述 UE之间的第二 PDN连接后， 释放所述第一 PDN 连接。 由于在建立了第二 PDN连接后， UE已经通过第二 PDN连接将业务切 换至新的网关，从而可以将第一 PDN连接释放，释放第一 PDN连接所占用的 ***资源， 使***资源得到有效利用。 其中， 当前网关在释放第一 PDN连接 时， 可以根据自身策略主动释放； 也可以在其他网络实体发送的触发消息的触 发下被动释放，例如可以在 old vPCRF发送的删除策略和计费控制规则的消息 的触发下释放第一 PDN连接。 施例提供的用户设备实施例的结构， 包括：
请求发送单元 1101 , 用于在本用户设备有第一 PDN连接时， 发送路由优 化请求， 该路由优化请求包括网络地址重分配指示；
连接建立单元 1102, 用于在请求发送单元 1101发送路由优化请求后， 建 立与新的网关之间的第二 PDN连接； 具体可以在接收到新的网络地址后完成第二 PDN连接的建立。 从上可知，本实施例由 UE发送包括网络地址重分配指示的路由优化请求， 从而使网络侧为 UE建立第二 PDN连接， 在路由优化的过程中， 为一个 APN 建立路由优化后的 PDN连接； 并且在建立第二 PDN连接时， 可以保留已有的 第一 PDN连接， 因此， 可以为一个接入点同时建立两个 PDN连接， 从而使 UE的业务可以通过第二 PDN连接切换至新的网关，在路由优化的过程中，保 证业务的连续性。
UE的本实施例在确定进行路由优化后， 通过请求发送单元 1101向 MME 发送 PDN Connectivity消息作为路由优化请求， 该消息中携带有重分配指示， 从而发起路由优化； 触发 MME进行路由优化流程， 从而使新的网关为 UE分 配新的网络地址； MME在获得了新的网络地址后，将新的网络地址发送给 UE; UE获得了新的网络地址后，通过连接建立单元 1102使用新的网络地址建立与 新的网关之间的第二 PDN连接。一般来说， UE在获得了新的网络地址后就可 以完成第二 PDN连接的建立。
进一步，UE还可以包括业务切换单元，用于在连接建立单元建立第二 PDN 连接后， 通过第二 PDN连接将业务切换至新的网关。 将 UE的业务切换至新 的网管后， 可以使 UE能够使用新的网关进行业务， 使 UE获得更好的服务。
进一步， 为了使 UE 占用的***资源能够被释放， 本发明实施例提供的 UE还可以包括：
连接释放单元， 用于在业务切换单元将业务切换至新的网关后，释放第一
PDN连接。 释放第一 PDN连接后， 可以释放第一 PDN连接占用的***资源， 从而使***资源得到有效利用。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤 是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可 读存储介质中， 该程序在执行时， 包括如下步骤：
接收路由优化请求， 所述路由优化请求包括网络地址重分配指示， 所述路 由优化请求是由用户设备在与当前网关有第一分组数据网络连接时发送的； 在所述网络地址重分配指示触发下触发建立所述 UE与新的网关之间的第 二 PDN连接。 上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器， 磁盘或光盘等。 细介绍， 以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其思想； 同时， 对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想， 在具体实施方式及应用范围 上均会有改变之处， 综上所述， 本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种路由优化方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
接收路由优化请求， 所述路由优化请求包括网络地址重分配指示， 所述路 由优化请求由用户设备在与当前网关有第一分组数据网络连接时发送；
在所述网络地址重分配指示触发下触发建立所述用户设备与新的网关之 间的第二分组数据网络连接。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的路由优化方法， 其特征在于， 建立所述第二分组 数据网络连接后 ,通过所述第二分组数据网络连接将所述用户设备的业务切换 至所述新的网关。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的路由优化方法， 其特征在于， 在所述网络地 址重分配指示触发下触发建立所述用户设备与新的网关之间的第二分组数据 网络连接前进一步包括：
判断所述用户设备是否有拜访地接入的权限；
如果所述用户设备有拜访地接入的权限，在网络地址重分配指示触发下建 立所述第二分组数据网络连接。
4、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的路由优化方法， 其特征在于， 在所述网络地 址重分配指示触发下触发建立所述用户设备与新的网关之间的第二分组数据 网络连接前进一步包括：
判断所述新的网关是否比所述当前网关更优；
如果所述新的网关比当前网关更优，在所述网络地址重分配指示触发下建 立所述第二分组数据网络连接。
5、 如权利要求 2所述的路由优化方法， 其特征在于， 所述用户设备通过 所述第二分组数据网络连接将业务切换至所述新的网关后进一步包括：
所述用户设备释放所述第一分组数据网络连接；
或
所述当前网关释放所述第一分组数据网络连接。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的路由优化方法， 其特征在于， 所述当前网关释放 所述第一分组数据网络连接的步骤包括：
所述当前网关在自身策略触发下释放所述第一分组数据网络连接。
7、 如权利要求 5所述的路由优化方法， 其特征在于， 所述当前网关释放 所述第一分组数据网络连接的步骤包括：
所述当前网关接收网络中的释放发起单元在自身策略触发下发送的连接 删除指示，所述当前网关在所述连接删除指示触发下释放所述第一分组数据网 络连接。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的路由优化方法， 其特征在于， 所述释放发起单元 是服务网关、 移动性管理实体、 拜访地策略控制和计费规则功能实体、 家乡策 略控制和计费规则功能实体中任意一个。
9、 一种计算机程序产品， 其特征在于， 所述计算机程序产品包括计算机 程序代码， 当所述计算机程序代码被一个计算机执行的时候， 所述计算机程序 代码可以使得所述计算机执行权利要求 1至 8项中任意一项的步骤。
10、 一种计算机可读存储介质， 其特征在于， 所述计算机可读存储介质存 储计算机程序代码， 当所述计算机程序代码被一个计算机执行的时候， 所述计 算机程序代码可以使得所述计算机执行权利要求 1至 8项中任意一项的步骤。
11、 一种移动性管理实体， 其特征在于， 包括：
请求接收单元， 用于接收路由优化请求， 所述路由优化请求包括网络地址 重分配指示，所述路由优化请求由用户设备在与当前网关有第一分组数据网络 连接时发送；
连接触发单元，用于在所述请求接收单元接收的网络地址重分配指示触发 下触发建立所述用户设备与新的分组数据网关之间的第二分组数据网络连接。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的移动性管理实体， 其特征在于， 还包括： 拜访地接入权限判断单元，用于在所述请求接收单元接收了路由优化请求 时， 判断所述用户设备是否有拜访地接入的权限；
所述连接触发单元，用于在所述拜访地接入权限判断单元判断所述用户设 备有拜访地接入的权限时，在所述请求接收单元接收的网络地址重分配指示触 发下触发建立所述第二分组数据网络连接。
13、 如权利要求 11所述的移动性管理实体， 其特征在于， 还包括： 路由优化判断单元， 用于在所述请求接收单元接收所述路由优化请求后， 判断所述新的网关是否比所述当前网关更优； 述当前网关更优时，在所述网络地址重分配指示触发下触发建立所述第二分组 数据网络连接。
14、 一种实现路由优化的***， 其特征在于， 包括移动性管理实体， 当前 网关和新的网关， 其中：
所述当前网关， 用于建立与用户设备的第一分组数据网络连接； 所述移动性管理实体， 用于接收路由优化请求， 所述路由优化请求包括网 络地址重分配指示，所述路由优化请求是所述用户设备在与所述当前网关有第 一分组数据网络连接时发送； 在所述网络地址重分配指示触发下发送触发消 息；
所述新的网关， 用于在所述移动性管理实体发送的触发消息的触发下， 建 立与所述用户设备之间的第二分组数据网络连接。
15、 如权利要求 14所述的实现路由优化的***， 其特征在于， 所述移动 性管理实体还用于在接收所述路由优化请求后，判断所述用户设备是否有拜访 地接入的权限； 在所述用户设备有拜访地接入的权限时， 发送所述触发消息。
16、 如权利要求 14所述的实现路由优化的***， 其特征在于， 所述移动 性管理实体还用于在接收所述路由优化请求后，判断所述新的网关是否比所述 当前网关更优； 在所述新的网关比所述当前网关更优时， 发送所述触发消息。
17、 如权利要求 14至 16任一所述的实现路由优化的***， 其特征在于， 所述当前网关，还用于在所述新的网关建立所述第二分组数据网络连接后，释 放所述第一分组数据网络连接。
18、 一种用户设备， 其特征在于， 包括：
请求发送单元， 用于在与当前网关有第一分组数据网络连接时，发送路由 优化请求， 所述路由优化请求包括网络地址重分配指示；
连接建立单元， 用于在所述请求发送单元发送路由优化请求后， 建立与新 的网关之间的第二分组数据网络连接。
19、 如权利要求 18所述的用户设备， 其特征在于， 还包括：
业务切换单元，用于在所述连接建立单元建立所述第二分组数据网络连接 后， 通过所述第二分组数据网络连接将业务切换至所述新的网关。
20、 如权利要求 19所述的用户设备， 其特征在于， 还包括： 连接释放单元， 用于在所述业务切换单元将业务切换至新的网关后，释放 所述第一分组数据网络连接。
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