WO2009000879A1 - Moteur à combustion interne à huile lubrifiante à teneur en combustible réduite - Google Patents

Moteur à combustion interne à huile lubrifiante à teneur en combustible réduite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009000879A1
WO2009000879A1 PCT/EP2008/058140 EP2008058140W WO2009000879A1 WO 2009000879 A1 WO2009000879 A1 WO 2009000879A1 EP 2008058140 W EP2008058140 W EP 2008058140W WO 2009000879 A1 WO2009000879 A1 WO 2009000879A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
internal combustion
lubricating oil
combustion engine
lubricating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/058140
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Josef Lenz
Original Assignee
Josef Lenz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Josef Lenz filed Critical Josef Lenz
Publication of WO2009000879A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009000879A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/16—Controlling lubricant pressure or quantity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/16—Controlling lubricant pressure or quantity
    • F01M2001/165—Controlling lubricant pressure or quantity according to fuel dilution in oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0422—Separating oil and gas with a centrifuge device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine having a lubricating oil circuit, in which lubricating oil circulates, and to a method of operating an internal combustion engine.
  • the engine is generally equipped with an oil pressure pump, which sucks the lubricating oil out of the oil sump and delivers it at a pressure of several bars through a system of lubricating oil lines to the points of the engine that are to be lubricated.
  • the lubricating oil circuit is equipped in the primary flow or in a secondary flow with a particulate filter or a mechanical rotary separator as a lubricating oil filter in order to separate particles, in particular metal swarf or other metal impurities from the engine oil.
  • a so-called dry sump technique whereby suitable measures prevent the accumulation of too large a quantity of engine oil in the engine, in particular in the oil sump of the engine.
  • This is conventionally achieved by means of an oil scavenge pump that conveys the oil into an oil reservoir, from which the lubricating oil circuit is supplied.
  • the dry sump technique is used here to guarantee a reliable circulation of the engine oil under the extreme conditions of motor racing.
  • oil plane which separates the crank space of the engine from the oil sump in order to prevent engine oil from the oil sump from moving back for example as a result of splashing up into the crank space and being swirled and/or churned up there by crankshaft or connecting rods, in particular with simultaneous foaming.
  • the oil plane for example takes the form of a slotted metal sheet disposed between crankcase and oil sump. Through the slots the oil is able to drain away from the crank space into the oil sump. On the other hand, oil splashing up from the oil sump is substantially retained by the metal sheet.
  • marine diesel engines which are equipped with a so-called clarifier, which with the aid of a centrifugal technique filters small particles, in particular metal swarf, out of the engine oil.
  • the underlying problem of the invention is to provide an improved internal combustion engine having a lubricating oil circuit, in which lubricating oil circulates.
  • a further underlying problem of the invention is to provide an improved method of operating an internal combustion engine having a lubricating oil circuit, in which lubricating oil circulates.
  • the present invention teaches an internal combustion engine having the features of claim 1 and a method of operating an internal combustion engine having the features of claim 12.
  • An interruption of the lubricating film may cause considerable damage to an engine.
  • the invention is based i.a. on the discovery that an undesirable interruption of the lubricating film may originate at least partially from an introduction of fuel into the lubricating oil.
  • the experiments of the inventor have demonstrated i.a. that particularly vegetable oil as a fuel reacts with the lubricating oil in a way that may promote flocculation and/or crystallization, i.a. also the formation of crystalline calcium compounds, in the lubricating oil and may therefore impair the lubricity of the lubricating oil, i.a. as a result of a thickening of the engine oil. It is suspected that this is related i.a.
  • lubricating oil filters are not capable of separating the residues, which have been introduced from the vegetable oil combustion, from the engine oil in order to prevent an integration and thickening of the engine oil.
  • the fuel in the oil circuit may to a large extent be separated once more from the lubricating oil advantageously makes it possible to reduce the fuel content in the lubricating oil.
  • the invention may therefore prevent or at least reduce an introduction of fuel into the lubricating oil and hence counteract the drawbacks thereof. It is an achievable advantage of the invention that the vegetable oil may be separated from the engine oil before a hydrolysis of the engine oil brought about by the introduction of vegetable oil sets in. In particular, by virtue of the invention a substantially acid-free operation of the lubricating oil circuit in the internal combustion engine may be ensured.
  • the separator of the internal combustion engine according to the invention preferably comprises at least one centrifugal separator that utilizes the different specific gravity of the lubricating oil and the fuel to separate from the lubricating oil at least a fraction of the fuel that has been introduced into the lubricating oil.
  • the centrifugal separator operates preferably by centrifuging the lubricating oil/fuel mixture.
  • the separator may also comprise a plurality of centrifugal separators connected in parallel or in a plurality of successive stages.
  • the separator may also, in addition to or instead of the centrifugal separator (s) , comprise a purifier that utilizes the different viscosity of the lubricating oil and the fuel to separate from the lubricating oil at least a fraction of the fuel that has been introduced into the lubricating oil.
  • the purifier preferably comprises one or more rolls for effecting the viscosity separation.
  • the separator may also comprise a plurality of purifiers connected in parallel or in a plurality of successive stages.
  • the separator has one, two or three stages.
  • the separator may take the form of a mechatronic device.
  • the vegetable oil separated into the separator is preferably stored in a vegetable oil collecting container. In a conceivable construction of the invention, it is recycled as fuel to the engine.
  • the separator may be driven directly by the internal combustion engine, or one or more independent drives, preferably electric motors, are provided.
  • a lubricating oil filter is provided as a particle filter or particulate filter for filtering particles, for example metal swarf or other metal impurities, out of the engine oil.
  • the lubricating oil filter may for example take the form of a paper filter, an open meshed steel fabric or a rotary separator (then described as a clarifier) , particularly preferably a free jet centrifuge. Particularly preferred are clarifiers that operate in accordance with the functional method known for marine diesel engines.
  • the lubricating oil filter is preferably designed so as to be able to filter out particles having diameters of down to 20 ⁇ m, particularly preferably to 10 ⁇ m, particularly preferably to 1 ⁇ m, particularly preferably down to diameters of 500 nm. Also conceivable is the use of lubricating oil filters that are even capable of filtering out particles of even smaller diameters.
  • the lubricating oil filter is preferably disposed downstream of an oil pressure pump in the oil circuit. In a preferred construction of the invention, a centrifugal separator of the separator also performs the function of the lubricating oil filter described here.
  • the lubricating oil circuit comprises at least one oil pressure pump for generating the necessary oil pressure for lubricating the internal combustion engine.
  • the preferred lubricating oil circuit further comprises an oil feed portion for feeding lubricating oil from the engine to the oil pressure pump.
  • the separator is preferably disposed in the oil feed portion of the lubricating oil circuit.
  • the oil feed portion removes the lubricating oil from the crankcase, particularly preferably from an oil sump of the crankcase.
  • the lubricating oil circuit operates preferably in a dry sump mode, i.e. suitable measures prevent the accumulation of too large a quantity of engine oil in the engine, in particular in the oil sump of the engine.
  • a dry sump mode preferably in combination with an oil plane, for example in the form of a slotted metal sheet between crank space and oil sump, it is advantageously possible to counteract a mixing of the oil with the introduced fuel in the engine, in particular in the the oil sump, for example as a result of immersion of the crankshaft or as a result of sloshing to and fro in the case of an engine installed in a vehicle.
  • Such a mixing promoted by the oil being churned to a greater or lesser extent in the crank space of a normal engine, might lead to the fuel being more difficult or no longer possible to separate at all from the engine oil in the separator.
  • the oil feed portion comprises at least one oil scavenge pump that extracts lubricating oil passing out of the engine.
  • an oil scavenge line is further provided for feeding the oil from the oil sump to the oil scavenge pump.
  • the oil scavenge pump delivers the lubricating oil to the separator.
  • constructions of the invention are also conceivable, in which the lubricating oil without the assistance of an oil scavenge pump passes to the separator, for example in that it drains off substantially freely as a result of gravitational force from the oil sump to the separator, or is delivered to the separator by means of a partial vacuum generated upstream by the separator.
  • the oil scavenge pump builds up a pressure that is lower than the oil pressure built up by the oil pressure pump.
  • the effect achievable thereby is that the oil is conveyed from the oil scavenge pump at low pressure to the separator.
  • the pressure built up by the oil scavenge pump is lower than 4 bar, particularly preferably lower than 2 bar, particularly preferably lower than 1 bar, particularly preferably lower than 500 mbar, particularly preferably lower than 200 mbar, particularly preferably lower than 100 mbar.
  • a preferred oil feed portion comprises a lubricating oil reservoir, from which the lubricating oil is fed to the oil pressure pump.
  • the lubricating oil reservoir is preferably disposed between separator and oil pressure pump, so that it receives lubricating oil already purified by the separator.
  • a preferred lubricating oil reservoir is equipped with at least one sensor for monitoring the oil quality. Additionally or alternatively, a sensor for monitoring the oil level is preferably provided.
  • the sensors are preferably connected to an electronic evaluation unit. They may also be functionally connected, preferably by the electronic evaluation unit, to an electronic controller of the internal combustion engine in order to control the engine and/or the separator, for example drive motors of the separator, in dependence upon the acquired measured values.
  • a pump may be provided between separator and lubricating oil reservoir for feeding the lubricating oil leaving the separator to the lubricating oil reservoir.
  • the oil sump is preferably provided with a grid-like or lamellar splash guard.
  • the splash guard guides dripping lubricating oil from the crankcase into the oil sump but makes it difficult for the lubricating oil to pass in the reverse direction from the oil sump into the crankcase.
  • the preferred internal combustion engine may be run on vegetable oil. Suitable vegetable oils may be for example rapeseed oil, palm oil, sunflower oil or soya bean oil. However, the invention is not restricted to vegetable oil engines but may be used advantageously also in internal combustion engines that run on other fuels.
  • a preferred internal combustion engine is equipped with a fuel injection device.
  • a preferred fuel injection device comprises one or more mechanical injection pumps, pump nozzle systems or a common-rail injection system.
  • the preferred internal combustion engine is a reciprocating piston engine.
  • the invention may be used advantageously also in other types of internal combustion engine, for example in rotary piston engines such as for the example the Wankel engine.
  • the preferred internal combustion engine is operable in a stationary manner, for example as the drive of a stationary construction machine or as a unit of an engine-based cogeneration system.
  • the internal combustion engine according to the invention may however also be used in a motor vehicle, wherein the motor vehicle may be for example a land-, water- or aircraft.
  • the preferred internal combustion engine is a diesel engine but the invention is usable advantageously also in other types of engine, for example in spark ignition engines or pilot injection engines
  • Fig. 1 a diagrammatic cross-sectional representation of an internal combustion engine according to the invention .
  • the internal combustion engine 1 represented in Fig. 1 comprises four cylinders 3, which are equipped with cylinder heads 2 and in which pistons 4 move up and down.
  • the represented engine 1 is a four-cylinder engine only by way of example; it is also perfectly conceivable for the invention to be used in engines having any desired number of cylinders, starting with a single-cylinder engine.
  • the cylinders are functionally connected in such a way to a crankshaft 6 disposed in a crankcase 5 that they set the crankshaft 6 in rotation.
  • Lubricating oil leaving the crankcase 5 is collected in an oil sump 7. Particularly in the region between piston wall 8 and cylinder wall 9 fuel may pass into the lubricating oil.
  • the purifying and return of the lubricating oil to the lubricating oil circuit is effected in three stages.
  • the oil contaminated with fuel passes through two oil scavenge lines 10 to two oil scavenge pumps 11 operating in parallel and is conveyed from these at a low pressure of ca. 100 mbar to the separator 12.
  • the purified lubricating oil is pumped out of the lubricating oil reservoir 14 by an oil pressure pump 16 at approximately 2 to 6 or more bar back into the oil circuit.
  • Both the oil scavenge pumps 11 and the oil pressure pump 16 and the separator 12 are driven via a drive connection 17 directly by the internal combustion engine 1.
  • the fuel content in the engine oil may be substantially to completely reduced.
  • oil change intervals may be markedly lengthened and unforeseen engine damage may be counteracted.
  • the drive of the pumps and separators may be realized also by means of electric motors.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un moteur à combustion interne (1) muni d'un circuit d'huile dans lequel l'huile lubrifiante circule et lubrifie des interfaces de pièces du moteur à combustion interne (1) qui se déplacent l'une par rapport à l'autre. Un séparateur (12) est disposé dans le circuit d'huile lubrifiante de façon à séparer, au moins partiellement, le combustible introduit dans l'huile lubrifiante pendant l'opération continue du moteur de l'huile lubrifiante.
PCT/EP2008/058140 2007-06-26 2008-06-26 Moteur à combustion interne à huile lubrifiante à teneur en combustible réduite WO2009000879A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007029360.9 2007-06-26
DE200710029360 DE102007029360A1 (de) 2007-06-26 2007-06-26 Verbrennungsmotor mit vermindertem Kraftstoffanteil im Schmieröl

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009000879A1 true WO2009000879A1 (fr) 2008-12-31

Family

ID=39884689

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2008/058140 WO2009000879A1 (fr) 2007-06-26 2008-06-26 Moteur à combustion interne à huile lubrifiante à teneur en combustible réduite

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102007029360A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009000879A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1035542A (en) * 1964-04-02 1966-07-13 Glacier Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to centrifugal separators
DE10318784A1 (de) * 2003-04-25 2004-11-11 Audi Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine
EP1726793A2 (fr) * 2005-05-19 2006-11-29 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA Système de réduction de la quantité de gazole dans l'huile de lubrification d'un moteur
FR2891863A1 (fr) * 2005-10-11 2007-04-13 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede pour eliminer le carburant contenu dans de l'huile de lubrification d'un moteur a combustion interne et moteur utilisant un tel procede

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1093617B (de) * 1959-02-27 1960-11-24 Motoren Werke Mannheim Ag Fliehkraftreiniger fuer Schmieroel
DE9410563U1 (de) * 1994-06-30 1994-09-15 Krumwiede, Ulrich, Dipl.-Ing. Architekt, 85051 Ingolstadt Boot mit Motorantrieb und Bootsheizung

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1035542A (en) * 1964-04-02 1966-07-13 Glacier Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to centrifugal separators
DE10318784A1 (de) * 2003-04-25 2004-11-11 Audi Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine
EP1726793A2 (fr) * 2005-05-19 2006-11-29 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA Système de réduction de la quantité de gazole dans l'huile de lubrification d'un moteur
FR2891863A1 (fr) * 2005-10-11 2007-04-13 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede pour eliminer le carburant contenu dans de l'huile de lubrification d'un moteur a combustion interne et moteur utilisant un tel procede

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102007029360A1 (de) 2009-01-02

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