WO2008046553A1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zur lokalen erzeugung von mikrowellenplasmen - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und verfahren zur lokalen erzeugung von mikrowellenplasmen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008046553A1 WO2008046553A1 PCT/EP2007/008840 EP2007008840W WO2008046553A1 WO 2008046553 A1 WO2008046553 A1 WO 2008046553A1 EP 2007008840 W EP2007008840 W EP 2007008840W WO 2008046553 A1 WO2008046553 A1 WO 2008046553A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- microwave
- dielectric
- dielectric tube
- plasma
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
- H01J37/32192—Microwave generated discharge
- H01J37/32211—Means for coupling power to the plasma
- H01J37/3222—Antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
- H01J37/32192—Microwave generated discharge
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
- H01J37/32366—Localised processing
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for local generation of microwave plasmas, which has at least one microwave input, which is surrounded by at least one dielectric tube, and a method for the local generation of microwave plasmas by use of this device.
- Devices for generating microwave plasmas are used in the plasma treatment of workpieces and gases.
- the plasma treatment is used for.
- the workpiece or gas to be treated is brought into contact with the plasma or the microwave radiation.
- the geometry of the workpieces to be treated ranges from flat substrates, fibers and webs to moldings of any shape.
- the most important process gases are noble gases, fluorine- and chlorine-containing gases, hydrocarbons, furans, dioxins, hydrogen sulfide, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, tetrafluoromethane, sulfur hexafluoride, air, water and their mixtures.
- the process gas from exhaust gases of all kinds in particular Kohlenmono ⁇ id, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, aldehydes and sulfur oxides.
- these gases can also readily be used as process gases for other applications.
- the above-mentioned documents have in common that they describe a microwave antenna inside a dielectric tube. If microwaves are generated in the interior of such a tube, surface waves form along the outside thereof. These surface waves generate a linearly stretched plasma in a process gas which is under low pressure. Typical lower pressures are 0.1 mbar - 10 mbar.
- the volume inside the dielectric tube is typically at ambient pressure (generally normal pressure, about 1013 mbar).
- a cooling gas flow through the tube is used to cool the dielectric tube.
- microwaves for the supply of microwaves, inter alia, waveguide and coaxial, as coupling points in the wall of the plasma chamber, inter alia, antennas and slots are used.
- Such feed lines for microwaves and coupling points are described, for example, in DE 423 59 14 and WO 98/59359 A1.
- the microwave frequencies used to generate the plasma are preferably in the range of 800 MHz to 2.5 GHz, more preferably in the ranges of 800 MHz to 950 MHz and 2.0-2.5 GHz, but the microwave frequency can be in the entire range of 10 MHz to some 100 GHz.
- DE 198 480 22 A1 and DE 195 032 05 C1 describe devices for generating plasma in a vacuum chamber by means of electromagnetic alternating fields, with a conductor which projects inside a tube of insulating material in the vacuum chamber, wherein the insulating tube at both ends by walls the vacuum chamber is held and sealed against the walls on its outer surface. The ends of the conductor are connected to a generator for generating the electromagnetic alternating fields.
- homogeneous microwave plasmas With a device for the production of homogeneous microwave plasmas according to WO 98/59359 A1, particularly homogeneous plasmas can be produced over long distances, even at higher process pressures, due to the uniform coupling of the microwaves.
- these sources are typically operated with microwave power of about 1 - 2 kW at a correspondingly low pressure (about 0.1 - 0.5 mbar). Although the process pressures can be 1 mbar - 100 mbar, but only under certain conditions and correspondingly lower power, so as not to destroy the pipe.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome the abovementioned disadvantages and thus to minimize the proportion of power loss.
- a device for the local generation of microwave plasmas according to claim 1.
- This device has at least one microwave feed, which is surrounded by at least one dielectric tube. At least one of the dielectric tubes is partially surrounded by a metal sheath, in which case preferably the outer dielectric tube is sheathed.
- the device advantageously allows the generation of a plasma in a designated area and thus prevents plasma generation and thus a power radiation outside this range.
- Suitable microwave feeds are known to the person skilled in the art.
- a microwave feed consists of a structure that can radiate microwaves into the room. Structures that radiate microwaves are known to the person skilled in the art and can be implemented by all known microwave antennas and resonators with coupling points for coupling the microwave radiation into a room. Cavity resonators, rod antennas, slot antennas, helix antennas and omnidirectional antennas are preferred for the device described. Particularly preferred are coaxial resonators.
- the Mikrow ⁇ ll ⁇ neinspeisung is connected in operation via microwave feed lines (waveguide or coaxial) with a microwave generator (eg klystron or magnetron).
- a microwave generator eg klystron or magnetron
- tuning elements eg Dreischuner or E / H tuner
- mode converter eg, rectangular to coaxial
- the dielectric tubes are preferably elongate. This means here that the ratio of pipe diameter: pipe length is between 1: 1 and 1: 1000, and preferably 1:10 to 1: 100. Furthermore, the tubes are preferably straight, but may also have a curved shape or corners along their longitudinal axis.
- the cross-sectional area of the tubes is preferably circular, but generally any surface shapes are possible. Examples of other surface shapes are ellipses and polygons.
- Elongated shape of the tubes requires an elongated plasma.
- Elongated plasmas have the advantage that, by moving the plasma apparatus relative to a flat workpiece, large areas can be treated in a short time.
- the dielectric tubes should have a low dielectric loss factor tan ⁇ for the microwave wavelength used at the given microwave frequency.
- Low dielectric loss factors tan ⁇ are in the range 10 "2 to 10. 7
- Suitable dielectric materials for the dielectric tubes are metal oxides, semi-metal oxides, ceramics, plastics, and composites of these materials. Particular preference is given to dielectric tubes made of quartz glass or aluminum oxide with dielectric loss factors tan ⁇ in the 10 '3 to 10 "4.
- the dielectric tubes may be made of the same material or different materials.
- the metal sheath surrounds at least one dielectric tube and partially covers it. This acts as a microwave shield and prevents the radiation of microwaves in the angular range that covers the metal sheath.
- the metal sheath is preferably made of a highly electrically conductive metal having a resistivity of less than 50 ⁇ * mm 2 / m, preferably less than 0.5 ⁇ -IHm 2 Zm. Particularly preferred is a metal which in addition to good electrical conduction properties good thermal conductivity with a thermal conductivity greater than 10 W / (m * K), more preferably greater than 100 WZ (mK). The outermost limit of the above values can, for economic reasons at 0 ⁇ "ITUN 2 cm of the resistivity (superconductor) and 10000 WZ (it ⁇ » K) are the coefficient of thermal conductivity.
- a metal may be a pure metal or an alloy be and contain, for example, silver, copper, iron, aluminum, chromium or vanadium.
- the shape of the metallic sheath is preferably adapted to the outer contour of the dielectric tube and may be e.g. consist of a metal tube, a bent metal sheet, a metal foil or even of a metallic layer and plugged, galvanized or applied in any other way.
- the unshielded area of the lateral surface of the dielectric tube may have any desired shape extends the free area over the entire length of the tube and is limited in a straight line at its edges in a particularly preferred embodiment.
- the invention includes further embodiments with all possible opening shapes, such as holes, slots, regular, irregular and curved edge boundaries.
- Such metallic microwave shields can arbitrarily limit the angular range in which the generation of the plasma takes place and thus reduce the power requirement accordingly.
- the opening angle at which the microwaves leave the shield can be any value smaller than 360 °. Opening angles of less than 180 °, particularly preferably less than 90 °, are preferred.
- the metal coating makes it possible to treat wide webs of material with only a small power loss with a plasma.
- the space region of the device, which does not face the workpiece is shielded and only a narrow plasma strip is produced between the workpiece and the device, predominantly over the entire width of the workpiece.
- the plasma treatment of a workpiece can also be effected by moving the device relative to a workpiece or a surface, wherein the movement can be parallel to the longitudinal direction, but preferably also not parallel to the longitudinal direction of the dielectric tube, more preferably orthogonal to this longitudinal direction, runs.
- the dielectric tubes are closed at the end faces with walls.
- a gas or vacuum tight connection between the pipes and the walls is advantageous. Connections between two workpieces are known to the person skilled in the art and can be, for example, adhesive, welding, clamping or screw connections.
- the tightness of the compound can range from gas tight to vacuum tight, being vacuum tight, depending on the working environment, tightness in a rough vacuum (300 - 1 hPa), fine vacuum (1 - 10 "3 hPa), high vacuum (10 ⁇ 3 - 10 " 7 hPa) or Ultra-high vacuum (10 ⁇ 7 - 10 ⁇ 12 hPa) means. In general, vacuum-tight here means tightness in coarse or fine vacuum.
- the walls may have passages through which a dielectric fluid may be passed to cool the dielectric tube.
- a dielectric fluid both a gas and a dielectric liquid may be used.
- the fluid In order to keep a heating of the fluid through the microwave low as possible, the fluid must ⁇ in the range 10 ⁇ having from 2 to 10 -7 at the wavelength of the microwaves a low dielectric loss factor tan. As a result, a microwave power input is avoided in the fluid or reduced to a tolerable level.
- a dielectric fluid is, for example, an insulating oil such as mineral oils, olefins (e.g., polyalphaolefin) or silicone oils (e.g., Coolanol® or dimethylpolysiloxanes).
- an insulating oil such as mineral oils, olefins (e.g., polyalphaolefin) or silicone oils (e.g., Coolanol® or dimethylpolysiloxanes).
- the material of the outer dielectric tube is replaced by a porous dielectric material.
- Suitable porous dielectric materials are ceramics or sintered dielectrics, preferably alumina.
- the gas has a resultant direction of movement radially away from the tube.
- the proportion of excited particles is increased by the passage of the process gas through the range of maximum microwave intensity. This ensures an efficient transport of excited particles to the workpiece in this way. This increases both the concentration and the flux of excited particles.
- any known gas can be used.
- the most important process gases are noble gases, fluorine- and chlorine-containing gases, hydrocarbons, furans, dioxins, hydrogen sulfide, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, tetrafluoromethane, sulfur hexafluoride, air, water and their mixtures.
- the process gas consists of exhaust gases of all kinds, in particular carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, aldehydes and sulfur oxides.
- these gases can be without further also be used as process gases for other applications.
- the devices described above for producing plasmas form a plasma during operation on the outside of the dielectric tube, which is not shielded by the metal sheath.
- the device is operated inside a room (plasma chamber).
- this plasma chamber can have different shapes and openings and fulfill various functions.
- the plasma chamber can contain the workpiece to be machined and the process gas (direct plasma process) or process gases and openings for the plasma exit have (remote plasma process, exhaust gas purification).
- Figures 1 A and 1 B show the cross section, and a perspective view of the device described above.
- Figures 2 A to 2 D show in side view various examples of the above-described device.
- Figures 3 A and 3 B show a possible embodiment for the treatment of large-scale workpieces.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B show the cross-section and a perspective view of a device for local generation of microwave plasmas, wherein a dielectric tube (1) containing the microwave feed and optionally further elements and tubes (not shown) is covered by a metal sheath (2). is surrounded, so that a range of about 320 ° from the metal sheath is shielded.
- the dielectric tube may be added to the microwave input supply other elements, such as coolant or other tubes.
- Figures 2 A to 2 D show in side view various examples of the shape of the region of the dielectric tube (1), which is not covered by the metal sheath (2).
- the drawings are to be understood as unrolled lateral surfaces of a cylindrical dielectric tube and the metal sheath.
- FIG. 2 A shows a rectangular region
- FIG. 2 B a region consisting of round surfaces
- FIG. 2 C a biconcave surface
- FIG. 2 D a biconvex surface.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B show, in a perspective illustration and in a cross-section, a device for local generation of microwave plasmas, in which the largest part of the outer surface of the outer dielectric tube (1) is enclosed by a metal sheath (2), and a plasma (FIG. 3), which is indicated in the drawing by transparent arrows, which can arise only in a narrow area.
- a workpiece (4) which moves relative to the device can be treated in this area with plasma over a large area.
- All embodiments are powered by a microwave supply, not shown in the drawings, consisting of a microwave generator and possibly additional elements. These elements may include, for example, circulators, isolators, tuning elements (eg three-pin tuner or E / H tuner) as well as mode converters (eg, rectangular to coaxial).
- the fields of application of the apparatus and the method described above are manifold.
- the plasma treatment is used for.
- the workpiece or gas to be treated is brought into contact with the plasma or the microwave radiation.
- the geometry of the workpieces to be treated ranges from flat substrates, fibers and webs to moldings of any shape.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2007312620A AU2007312620A1 (en) | 2006-10-16 | 2007-10-11 | Device and method for locally producing microwave plasma |
EP07818911A EP2080215A1 (de) | 2006-10-16 | 2007-10-11 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur lokalen erzeugung von mikrowellenplasmen |
CA002666131A CA2666131A1 (en) | 2006-10-16 | 2007-10-11 | Device and method for locally producing microwave plasma |
US12/311,881 US20100116790A1 (en) | 2006-10-16 | 2007-10-11 | Device and method for locally producing microwave plasma |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006048816.4 | 2006-10-16 | ||
DE102006048816A DE102006048816A1 (de) | 2006-10-16 | 2006-10-16 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur lokalen Erzeugung von Mikrowellenplasmen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2008046553A1 true WO2008046553A1 (de) | 2008-04-24 |
Family
ID=38889548
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2007/008840 WO2008046553A1 (de) | 2006-10-16 | 2007-10-11 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur lokalen erzeugung von mikrowellenplasmen |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100116790A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2080215A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2007312620A1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2666131A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102006048816A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2008046553A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2418150A1 (de) | 2010-08-13 | 2012-02-15 | MULTIVAC Sepp Haggenmüller GmbH & Co KG | Verfahren zum Verpacken, Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine und Verpackung |
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US9111729B2 (en) | 2009-12-03 | 2015-08-18 | Lam Research Corporation | Small plasma chamber systems and methods |
US9190289B2 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2015-11-17 | Lam Research Corporation | System, method and apparatus for plasma etch having independent control of ion generation and dissociation of process gas |
US9967965B2 (en) | 2010-08-06 | 2018-05-08 | Lam Research Corporation | Distributed, concentric multi-zone plasma source systems, methods and apparatus |
US9155181B2 (en) | 2010-08-06 | 2015-10-06 | Lam Research Corporation | Distributed multi-zone plasma source systems, methods and apparatus |
US9449793B2 (en) | 2010-08-06 | 2016-09-20 | Lam Research Corporation | Systems, methods and apparatus for choked flow element extraction |
US8999104B2 (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2015-04-07 | Lam Research Corporation | Systems, methods and apparatus for separate plasma source control |
DE102011100057A1 (de) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-10-31 | Centrotherm Thermal Solutions Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum behandeln von substraten mit einem plasma |
US9177762B2 (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2015-11-03 | Lam Research Corporation | System, method and apparatus of a wedge-shaped parallel plate plasma reactor for substrate processing |
US10283325B2 (en) | 2012-10-10 | 2019-05-07 | Lam Research Corporation | Distributed multi-zone plasma source systems, methods and apparatus |
US9083182B2 (en) | 2011-11-21 | 2015-07-14 | Lam Research Corporation | Bypass capacitors for high voltage bias power in the mid frequency RF range |
US8872525B2 (en) | 2011-11-21 | 2014-10-28 | Lam Research Corporation | System, method and apparatus for detecting DC bias in a plasma processing chamber |
US9396908B2 (en) | 2011-11-22 | 2016-07-19 | Lam Research Corporation | Systems and methods for controlling a plasma edge region |
US10586686B2 (en) | 2011-11-22 | 2020-03-10 | Law Research Corporation | Peripheral RF feed and symmetric RF return for symmetric RF delivery |
US9263240B2 (en) | 2011-11-22 | 2016-02-16 | Lam Research Corporation | Dual zone temperature control of upper electrodes |
US8898889B2 (en) | 2011-11-22 | 2014-12-02 | Lam Research Corporation | Chuck assembly for plasma processing |
WO2013078098A1 (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-05-30 | Lam Research Corporation | Multi zone gas injection upper electrode system |
SG11201402447TA (en) | 2011-11-24 | 2014-06-27 | Lam Res Corp | Plasma processing chamber with flexible symmetric rf return strap |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4136297A1 (de) * | 1991-11-04 | 1993-05-06 | Plasma Electronic Gmbh, 7024 Filderstadt, De | Vorrichtung zur lokalen erzeugung eines plasmas in einer behandlungskammer mittels mikrowellenanregung |
DE19812558A1 (de) * | 1998-03-21 | 1999-09-30 | Roth & Rau Oberflaechentechnik | Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung linear ausgedehnter ECR-Plasmen |
WO2000075955A1 (de) * | 1999-06-04 | 2000-12-14 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Linear ausgedehnte anordnung zur grossflächigen mikrowellenbehandlung und zur grossflächigen plasmaerzeugung |
EP1063678A2 (de) * | 1999-06-24 | 2000-12-27 | Leybold Systems GmbH | Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Plasmas in einer Kammer durch Mikrowellenanregung |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4235914A1 (de) * | 1992-10-23 | 1994-04-28 | Juergen Prof Dr Engemann | Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Mikrowellenplasmen |
DE19503205C1 (de) * | 1995-02-02 | 1996-07-11 | Muegge Electronic Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Plasma |
US5597624A (en) * | 1995-04-24 | 1997-01-28 | Ceram Optic Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for coating dielectrics |
DE29623199U1 (de) * | 1996-03-08 | 1998-04-02 | Spitzl Ralf Dr | Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von leistungsfähigen Mikrowellenplasmen |
DE19722272A1 (de) * | 1997-05-28 | 1998-12-03 | Leybold Systems Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Plasma |
DE19726663A1 (de) * | 1997-06-23 | 1999-01-28 | Sung Spitzl Hildegard Dr Ing | Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von homogenen Mikrowellenplasmen |
DE19848022A1 (de) * | 1998-10-17 | 2000-04-20 | Leybold Systems Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Plasma |
-
2006
- 2006-10-16 DE DE102006048816A patent/DE102006048816A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-10-11 WO PCT/EP2007/008840 patent/WO2008046553A1/de active Application Filing
- 2007-10-11 CA CA002666131A patent/CA2666131A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-10-11 EP EP07818911A patent/EP2080215A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-10-11 US US12/311,881 patent/US20100116790A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-10-11 AU AU2007312620A patent/AU2007312620A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4136297A1 (de) * | 1991-11-04 | 1993-05-06 | Plasma Electronic Gmbh, 7024 Filderstadt, De | Vorrichtung zur lokalen erzeugung eines plasmas in einer behandlungskammer mittels mikrowellenanregung |
DE19812558A1 (de) * | 1998-03-21 | 1999-09-30 | Roth & Rau Oberflaechentechnik | Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung linear ausgedehnter ECR-Plasmen |
WO2000075955A1 (de) * | 1999-06-04 | 2000-12-14 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Linear ausgedehnte anordnung zur grossflächigen mikrowellenbehandlung und zur grossflächigen plasmaerzeugung |
EP1063678A2 (de) * | 1999-06-24 | 2000-12-27 | Leybold Systems GmbH | Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Plasmas in einer Kammer durch Mikrowellenanregung |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2418150A1 (de) | 2010-08-13 | 2012-02-15 | MULTIVAC Sepp Haggenmüller GmbH & Co KG | Verfahren zum Verpacken, Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine und Verpackung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2666131A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
US20100116790A1 (en) | 2010-05-13 |
EP2080215A1 (de) | 2009-07-22 |
DE102006048816A1 (de) | 2008-04-17 |
AU2007312620A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
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