WO2007088707A1 - 多孔質樹脂フィルム用微孔形成剤及び、これを配合してなる多孔質樹脂フィルム用組成物 - Google Patents
多孔質樹脂フィルム用微孔形成剤及び、これを配合してなる多孔質樹脂フィルム用組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007088707A1 WO2007088707A1 PCT/JP2007/000043 JP2007000043W WO2007088707A1 WO 2007088707 A1 WO2007088707 A1 WO 2007088707A1 JP 2007000043 W JP2007000043 W JP 2007000043W WO 2007088707 A1 WO2007088707 A1 WO 2007088707A1
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/32—Phosphates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F11/00—Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
- C01F11/18—Carbonates
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- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F11/00—Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
- C01F11/46—Sulfates
- C01F11/462—Sulfates of Sr or Ba
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F5/00—Compounds of magnesium
- C01F5/14—Magnesium hydroxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/10—Metal compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/417—Polyolefins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/431—Inorganic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/443—Particulate material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/446—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
- H01M50/491—Porosity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
Definitions
- Micropore-forming agent for porous resin film and porous resin film composition comprising the same
- the present invention relates to a micropore forming agent for a porous resin film and a composition for a porous resin film obtained by blending the same, and more specifically, the micropore forming agent for a porous film of the present invention. Since the inorganic particles constituting the material have almost no coarse particles, the strength deterioration of the porous resin film hardly occurs, the distribution width of the pore diameter of the porous film is uniform, and the pore diameter can be controlled. Furthermore, since there are very few impurities having conductivity, for example, a micropore-forming agent that gives a porous resin film suitable for electric member applications such as capacitors and battery separators, and a porous material formed by blending the micropore-forming agent The present invention relates to a resin film composition. Background art
- Porous resin films made of synthetic resin include filter media such as water purifiers and air purifiers, synthetic paper, sanitary materials, medical materials, building materials, air permeable sheets for agriculture, separators for various batteries, etc. It is used as a material for separators for electrolytic capacitors, and in any application, further improvements and developments are required, such as making thin films that maintain strength.
- lithium secondary batteries used in mopile equipment such as mobile phones and laptop computers have a higher energy density with respect to volume and weight than nickel-hydrogen secondary batteries. Since it was put into practical use at the beginning of the decade, it shows high production and usage growth.
- lithium secondary batteries which are their main power sources, are also required to improve their performance.
- the required physical properties of separators made of a porous resin film are required.
- various physical properties such as higher capacity, durability, and safety are required.
- the thickness of the resin and film that can be selected is limited for each application.
- porous films used as sanitary goods such as diapers and bed covers and clothing materials such as gloves have been used as separators for lithium secondary batteries.
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9 _ 1 7 6 3 5 2
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 2 — 2 6 4 2 0 8
- porous resin films produced by conventional manufacturing methods are not only suitable for large batteries and automotive batteries, which are expected to increase in the future. There is a need for improvements.
- the lithium battery using the obtained porous film as a separator has a high internal stake, although the reason is not clear.
- the output obtained is wasted and is not satisfactory as a separator film.
- the current method for producing a film having micropores can be broadly divided into a method in which inorganic particles are combined and stretched uniaxially or biaxially to form micropores (voids) between the particles and the resin.
- a method of dissolving the particles themselves by acid, alkali, etc. a method of adding a wax-based additive that can be easily extracted in a later process to thermoplastic resin fat, molding, and removing with a solvent such as ether. is there.
- the micropore-forming agent in the resin composition for a film requires a sharp particle size distribution with no particle dispersibility or coarse particles, and also has a conductive impurity. What is less is required.
- the present inventors have found that inorganic particles prepared by a specific method have very few coarse particles and conductive impurities, and the porous film.
- the resin composition for a porous film containing additives is used for a film stretched uniaxially or biaxially, for example, fine pores are produced and used as a separator for a lithium secondary battery, for example.
- the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved, such as obtaining good film characteristics, and have completed the present invention.
- claim 1 of the present invention contains a micropore forming agent for a porous resin film, which comprises inorganic particles and satisfies the following formulas (a) to (d):
- Claim 2 of the present invention contains the micropore forming agent for a porous resin film according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic particles are selected from calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, magnesium hydroxide, and barium sulfate.
- the inorganic particles are selected from calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, magnesium hydroxide, and barium sulfate.
- Claim 3 of the present invention includes the micropore-forming agent for a porous resin film according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic particles are calcium carbonate.
- Claim 4 of the present invention is characterized in that the inorganic particles are surface-treated with a surfactant (A) and a compound (B) having a chelating ability with respect to an alkaline earth metal.
- A surfactant
- B compound having a chelating ability with respect to an alkaline earth metal.
- Claim 5 of the present invention satisfies the following formula (e):
- the content of the micropore forming agent for a porous resin film according to any one of 1 to 4.
- Claim 6 of the present invention satisfies the following formula (f):
- the content of the micropore forming agent for a porous resin film according to any one of 1 to 5 is as follows.
- H x Amount of insoluble hydrochloric acid contained in 5 OO g of micropore forming agent
- Claim 7 of the present invention satisfies the following formula (g):
- the content of the micropore forming agent for a porous resin film according to any one of 1 to 6.
- F c Amount of free carbon insoluble in hydrochloric acid contained in 500 g of micropore forming agent
- Claim 8 of the present invention provides a composition for a porous resin film comprising the pore forming agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in a resin for a porous film. Content.
- Claim 9 of the present invention is that the porous film resin is an olefin resin.
- Claim 10 of the present invention comprises the composition for a porous resin film according to claim 8 or 9, which is used for a battery separator.
- the inorganic particles constituting the microporous film forming agent of the present invention have almost no coarse particles, the strength of the porous resin film is hardly deteriorated, and the pore diameter of the porous film is small. Uniform distribution width and control of gap diameter. Furthermore, since it has very few conductive impurities, it is useful for electrical components such as capacitors and battery separators when blended in resin for film. A porous resin film can be provided.
- Formulas (a) and (b) serve as indices for knowing the dispersion state of the micropore forming agent for a porous resin film of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as micropore forming agent).
- Equation (a) is the average particle size (D50) measured with Microtrac FR A and should be 0.1 to 1.5 m. Although it is technically possible to make the average particle diameter (D50) less than 0.1 m, it is not preferable in terms of cost, and if it exceeds 1.5 m, it is composed of aggregates of primary particles. Since the secondary particles have a strong cohesive force and are present as secondary particles even in the resin, they cannot be used for the purpose of the present invention.
- battery separators are required to be thinner, have high porosity, and have high air permeability due to improved battery performance, but because of mechanical properties such as insulation and piercing strength, Since the dispersion needs to be closer to the primary particles, it is preferably 0.1 to 1.0 m, and more preferably 0.1 to 0.7 m.
- Equation (b) is a maximum particle diameter (D a) as measured by Microtrac FRA and needs to be 20 m or less. Maximum particle size (D a) is 20 m If it exceeds the above range, it will not be possible to use it for the intended purpose of the present invention because it will cause problems such as the formation of larger holes than intended. Among the applications of porous resin films, especially for battery separators, if there are large pores, a short circuit occurs and overdischarge is likely to occur, which is more dangerous, and is more preferably 15 m or less, and even more preferably 7 m or less. is there.
- the measurement method of particle size distribution is as shown below.
- Methanol is used as a medium for measurement with Microtrac FRA (laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer).
- Microtrac FRA laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer
- an ultrasonic disperser US S-300T manufactured by Nippon Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.
- Predispersion was performed at a constant condition for 2 seconds.
- Formula (c) is a BET specific surface area (S w) of the micropore forming agent of the present invention by a nitrogen adsorption method, and requires 3 to 6 Om 2 Zg.
- Sw specific surface area
- the specific surface area (Sw) is less than 3m 2 Zg, the primary particles are too large, and when blended into the battery separator film, large pores are formed that are larger than intended, and when the particle size exceeds 60m 2 Zg, the particles are dispersed. It is not preferable in view of the property and cannot be used for the purpose of the present invention. Therefore, it is preferably 5 to 3 Om 2 Zg, more preferably 7 to 2 Om 2 Zg.
- NOVA VA 2000 type manufactured by Chua Ionics was used.
- Equation (d) is a volume resistivity (Ir) obtained by quantifying the insulating properties of hydrochloric acid insoluble matter of the micropore forming agent of the present invention.
- I r must be 1.
- OX 1 05 ( ⁇ -cm) especially for porous resin films, battery separators can cause internal discharge. It cannot be used for the purpose of the present invention. Therefore, it is preferably 1.0 X 10 6 ( ⁇ 2 cm) or more, more preferably 1.0 X 1 0 7 ( ⁇ 3 cm) or more.
- a cell (tablet) obtained by adjusting the density of the insoluble hydrochloric acid contained in the micropore-forming agent to a volume fraction of about 65% was obtained from a high resistance meter (Agilent Technologies, Inc. 4 3 In 3 9 B), the volume resistivity at a voltage of 5 V was measured.
- micropore-forming agent To collect hydrochloric acid-insoluble matter, mix the micropore-forming agent with an appropriate amount of methanol (special grade reagent), and then add 37% hydrochloric acid (special grade reagent) to dissolve the micropore-former. The solution is filtered through an Omnipore membrane (MIL LIPORE) with a pore size of 10 m. If the micropore forming agent is surface-treated with a surface treatment agent, the surface treatment agent remains on the filter after filtration, so it must be thoroughly washed with ether or methanol. Then, it was dried and weighed to collect hydrochloric acid insoluble matter.
- MIL LIPORE Omnipore membrane
- the micropore-forming agent of the present invention includes calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, magnesium hydroxide, calcium phosphate, talcite compound, basic magnesium carbonate, silica, titanium oxide, aluminum hydroxide, boehmite, alumina, Examples include talc and clay.
- divalent metal compounds such as calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, magnesium hydroxide, and barium sulfate are suitable from the viewpoint of insulation, and as described above, the chemically synthesized product has a particle size of inorganic particles. And preferable in terms of purity. A preferred method for producing a divalent metal compound is shown below.
- the synthesis method of calcium carbonate is generally a carbon dioxide gas compound method, which is obtained by reacting lime milk obtained by adding water to quick lime obtained by calcining limestone and carbon dioxide gas produced during calcining.
- the obtained particles are fine, and the primary particles have a uniform particle size.
- the particle size can be adjusted and coarse particles can be removed depending on the reaction conditions and post-reaction process, which is excellent in terms of economics and physical load on the physical properties of the resulting particles. Is preferred.
- the calcium carbonate particles obtained from the lime milk and the reaction use gravity, centrifugal force, buoyancy beneficiation, etc., for the purpose of removing impurities and coarse particles when they are in the form of water slurry. It is preferable to perform classification using a sieve, a filter, etc.
- a classification operation such as air classification on the calcium carbonate or the surface-treated calcium carbonate powder obtained after drying and crushing to remove aggregates generated by drying.
- the reaction between lime milk and phosphoric acid is suitable in terms of the production of fine particles.
- the particle size can be adjusted by hydrothermal aging using an autoclave. Subsequent steps can be pulverized by the same method as the calcium carbonate described above.
- the adjustment of lime milk and countermeasures for impurities thereafter are preferably performed in the same manner as the above-described calcium carbonate.
- the reaction between lime milk or caustic soda and seawater bitter is preferable in terms of producing fine particles.
- the particle size can be adjusted by hydrothermal aging using a photoclave, as in the case of calcium phosphate. After washing the secondary salt such as calcium chloride contained in the magnesium hydroxide water slurry with water, it is preferable to dry powder and take measures against impurities by the method described above.
- a method for synthesizing barium sulfate a method obtained by reacting barium sulfide obtained by firing a heavy crystal and an aqueous solution of bow nitrate is suitable in terms of the production of fine particles.
- After the reaction like magnesium hydroxide, after hydrothermal aging and washing with sodium sulfide sub-salt, it is preferable to carry out dry pulverization and countermeasures against impurities by the methods described above.
- calcium carbonate in particular, is used until dry powdering. It is the most preferable micropore forming agent because it is safe and simple, can be produced at low cost, and has high acid solubility, so it has little effect on the resin film.
- a surface treatment agent and a treatment method are not particularly limited, and a general treatment agent can be appropriately treated by a conventional method.
- a surfactant (A) and an alkaline earth metal are used as a treatment method in which dispersibility with a resin and agglomerates in a resin film hardly occur.
- a surfactant (A) and an alkaline earth metal are used as a treatment method in which dispersibility with a resin and agglomerates in a resin film hardly occur.
- a surfactant (A) and an alkaline earth metal are used.
- examples thereof include a method in which a compound (B) having a sharp ability is used in combination.
- Surfactants (A) that can be used in the present invention include saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, alicyclic carboxylic acids, resin acids and salts thereof, esters, alcohol surfactants, Sorbitan fatty acid esters, amide-based amine surfactants, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, long-chain alkyl amino acids, amine amines, alkylamines, quaternary Ammonium salts are exemplified, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more as required.
- Examples of the saturated fatty acid include force puric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and the like.
- Examples of the unsaturated fatty acid include oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and the like.
- Examples of the cyclic carboxylic acid include naphthenic acid having a carboxyl group at the end of a cyclopentane ring or cyclohexane ring, and examples of the resin acid include abietic acid, pimaric acid, and neoabetic acid.
- Examples of the alcohol-based surfactant include sodium alkyl sulfate ester and alkyl ether sulfate ester sodium.
- Examples of sorbitan fatty acid esters include sorbitan monolaurate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate.
- Examples of amide-based surfactants include fatty acid alcohol amides, alkylamine oxides, and the like.
- Examples of the reoxyalkylene alkyl ethers include polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers and polyoxyethylene lauryl ethers, and examples of the long-chain alkyl amino acids include lauryl betaine and stearyl betaine.
- Examples of amine oxides include polyoxyethylene fatty acid amides and alkylamine oxides.
- Examples of alkylamines include stearylamine acetate.
- Examples of quaternary ammonium salts include stearyl-trimethylammonium.
- Chloride is the fourth class Ammonium Sulhue.
- Examples of the above-mentioned various acid salts include, but are not limited to, alkaline metal salts such as strength and sodium, specifically potassium laurate, potassium myristate, potassium palmitate, sodium palmitate, stearin. Saturated fatty acid salts such as potassium acid and sodium stearate, unsaturated fatty acid salts such as potassium oleate and sodium oleate, alicyclic carboxylates such as lead naphthenate and lead cyclohexylbutyrate, abietic acid strength Naryum is mentioned
- esters of the various acids include, for example, force ethyl propylate, force vinyl acetate, diisopropyl adipate, ethyl propyl caprate, force aryl acrylate, ethyl caprate, vinyl caprate, and jetyl sebacate.
- the above surfactants are used alone or in combination of two or more as necessary.
- micropores surface-treated with each salt of saturated fatty acid, unsaturated fatty acid, alicyclic carboxylic acid and resin acid When the forming agent is blended in the resin, it preferably has good dispersibility without impairing the insulation and heat resistance of the resin, and more preferably a mixture of fatty acid metal salt.
- the composition is 50 to 98% by weight of alkali metal salts of straight chain fatty acids having a C number of 16 or more such as palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, strong puric acid, laurin
- the Al-rich metal salt of a linear fatty acid having 10 to 14 carbon atoms such as acid or myristic acid is present in a proportion of 2 to 50% by weight.
- an alkali metal salt of a linear fatty acid having 18 or more carbon atoms such as stearic acid or oleic acid, particularly a potassium salt is preferable.
- lauric acid having a C number of 12 is preferred from the viewpoint of dispersibility.
- the content of straight chain fatty acid having 16 or more carbon atoms in the composition of the alkali metal salt of straight chain fatty acid is less than 50% by weight, the reason is not clear compared to that of 50% by weight or more, but in the resin of organic particles. Dispersibility of the resin is slightly worse. If it exceeds 98% by weight, the voids (micropores) generated between the resin and the particles are too small compared to 98% by weight or less. There is a tendency and is not preferable.
- the content of linear fatty acid having 10 to 14 carbon atoms in the fatty acid composition is less than 2% by weight, the effect of addition is insufficient as compared with that of 2% by weight or more, and on the contrary, it exceeds 50% by weight.
- those having a content of 50% by weight or less are not preferred because the affinity with the resin is impaired, and problems such as whitening and bleeding to the resin surface after molding tend to occur.
- the alkali metal salt of the above-mentioned linear fatty acid as the surfactant (A)
- the amount of the surfactant (A) used varies depending on the specific surface area of the inorganic particles. In general, the larger the specific surface area, the larger the amount used.
- the amount used is less than 0.1% by weight, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient dispersion effect. On the other hand, if it exceeds 15% by weight, bleeding to the surface of the porous film, a decrease in the strength of the porous film, etc. are likely to occur.
- Examples of the compound (B) having a chelating ability with respect to an alkaline earth metal that can be used in the present invention include ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, nitric acid triacetic acid, and hydroxyethylethylenediamine amine trioxide.
- Aminocarboxylic acid-based chelating agents represented by acetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, triethylenetetraaminehexaacetic acid, phosphonic acid-based chelating agents such as hydroxyethylidene diphosphite, nitrilotrismethylene phosphonic acid,
- a water treatment agent comprising an aluminum compound such as polyaluminum chloride, a polycarboxylic acid such as polyacrylic acid or cuenic acid or a salt thereof, a salt of a polyacrylic acid maleic acid-titaconic acid copolymer, or
- phosphoric acid represented by polyphosphoric acid and condensed phosphoric acid and salts thereof.
- polycarboxylic acid salts include sodium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate.
- copolymer salts include acrylic acid and maleic acid copolymer (polymerization ratio 100: 80, etc.) ammonium salt.
- phosphoric acid salts such as ammonium salts of polymers (polymerization ratio 100: 80, etc.) include sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate, and sodium pyrophosphate.
- the compound (B) having chelating ability with respect to the alkaline earth metal may be used alone or in combination of two or more as required.
- the compound (B) having a chelating ability for these alkaline earth metals when high insulation properties such as a lithium secondary battery are required, polyphosphoric acid, condensed phosphoric acid, And a polyvalent carboxylic acid or a salt thereof is preferable, and among them, a condensed cyclic phosphoric acid or a metaphosphoric acid is preferable.
- the amount of the compound (B) having a chelating ability with respect to the alkaline earth metal varies depending on the specific surface area of the inorganic particles, the resin used, the compounding conditions, etc. as described in the surfactant (A). Therefore, it is generally difficult to define, but usually 0.05 to 5% by weight or less is preferable with respect to the inorganic particles.
- the amount used is less than 0.05% by weight, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient dispersion effect, and even when added in an amount exceeding 5% by weight, it is difficult to further improve the effect.
- the surface treatment method in the surface treatment using the surfactant (A) and the compound (B) having a chelating ability with respect to an alkaline earth metal, for example, one / ⁇ one mixer is used.
- a method called dry processing where a surface treatment agent is directly mixed with the powder using a mixer such as Yanchenshi Iru Mixer and heated as necessary, surface treatment is also possible.
- Dissolving compound (B) which has chelating ability for earth metal, in water or hot water, adding it to the stirring water slurry of calcium carbonate, surface treatment, dehydration and drying
- a combination of the two may be used, but the wet method alone is preferably used mainly from the viewpoint of the degree of treatment on the surface of calcium carbonate particles and the economical viewpoint.
- the amount of heat loss that is, the amount of the surface treatment agent.
- the amount of the surface treatment agent that can be contained in the exemplified micropore forming agent of the present invention is the specific surface area of inorganic particles, the type of surface treatment, the resin used, the compound Since it varies depending on the conditions, etc., it is not limited in general. However, it is usually preferable that the surface treatment agent ratio (As) is 1 to 4 mgZm 2 .
- the method for measuring the surface treatment rate is shown below.
- H x Amount of insoluble hydrochloric acid contained in 5 OO g of micropore forming agent
- the formula (f) shows the amount of impurities in the micropore forming agent as the amount of hydrochloric acid insolubles.
- the hydrochloric acid insoluble content (HX) is preferably 500 ppm or less, more preferably 30 O p pm or less, more preferably 150 p pm or less. If it exceeds 500 ppm, as described above, for example, in battery separator applications, it may cause a short circuit or fire.
- the amount of insoluble hydrochloric acid contained in 500 g of the micropore forming agent was measured.
- the measurement method for hydrochloric acid insoluble matter was based on the measurement method in the above formula (d).
- F c Hydrochloric acid-insoluble free carbon content in 500 g of micropore-forming agent
- the substance include (free) carbon. If the amount of carbon contained in the micropore-forming agent exceeds 30 ppm, there is a risk of short-circuiting. Therefore, it is more preferably 1 O p pm or less, and even more preferably 3 p pm or less.
- the method for measuring the carbon content is shown below.
- void filtration is performed in the same manner as the hydrochloric acid insoluble matter measurement in the above formula (d).
- the dried glass fiber filter paper containing hydrochloric acid insolubles was subjected to free carbon measurement using a high-frequency induction heating furnace method (EMIA-320, manufactured by Horiba).
- the mixture from the atmosphere is high, and in the manufacturing process of the micropore forming agent, measures are taken in the air suction process in the drying process to the packing operation. It is preferable. Specifically, removal by various filters can be generally used.
- the filter diameter is Although not limited, it is usually possible to use a filter diameter of 0.1 to 100 mm. When the filter diameter is less than 0.1 m, the frequency of replacement increases due to clogging of the filter, so it is not practical, and when it exceeds 100 m, impurities in the atmosphere may easily pass through. Becomes higher. More preferably, it is 0.3 to 50 m.
- the micropore forming agent for a porous resin film comprising the surface-treated inorganic particles obtained as described above is used for a porous resin film by being combined with an olefin resin among various resins, particularly thermoplastic resins.
- the composition is suitable for the production of a porous film for various uses, particularly for a battery separator.
- the resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyester, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, and copolymers of ethylene or propylene and other monomers. .
- polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene are preferred from the viewpoint of providing a shutdown mechanism as described above, handling during battery production, and cost.
- a polyethylene resin is more preferable.
- the blending ratio of the porous film filler and these resins is not particularly limited, and varies greatly depending on the type and application of the resin, the desired physical properties and cost, and may be appropriately determined according to them.
- it is usually 60 to 150 parts by weight, preferably about 80 to 120 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the resin.
- aramid fiber for the purpose of improving the heat resistance, weather resistance, and stability characteristics of the film within a range not inhibiting the efficacy of the micropore forming agent for the porous resin film of the present invention, aramid fiber, fatty acid, fatty acid amide, Lubricants such as ethylene bis-stearic acid amide and sorbitan fatty acid ester, plasticizers and stabilizers, antioxidants, etc. may be added, and additives generally used in resin compositions for films, such as lubricants, antioxidants, etc. Agent, heat stabilizer, light stabilizer, UV absorber, neutralizer, anti-fogging agent, anti-pro A capping agent, an antistatic agent, a slip agent, a coloring agent, etc. may be blended.
- the micropore forming agent for a porous resin film of the present invention and the above-mentioned various additives are combined with a resin, it is usually heated and kneaded with a single or twin screw extruder, a kneader, a Banbury mixer, etc. After the sheet is prepared, the film is stretched uniaxially or biaxially to obtain a porous film product having fine pores.
- a film is formed using a known molding machine such as T-die extrusion or inflation molding, and these are acid-treated to dissolve the pore-forming agent for the porous resin film of the present invention, thereby forming fine pores. It is good also as a porous film product which has.
- resin There are two types of resin: pellets, and powder (skyew) adjusted to any particle size. Powder dispersion is used to disperse the particles. Henschel mixer, tumbler type mixer, re-pump It is preferable to mix using a known mixer such as a renderer.
- the micropore forming agent for a porous resin film of the present invention shows good physical properties in terms of dispersibility in the resin, etc., compared with particles other than the present invention, even when used as a pellet-like resin. In addition, it is particularly good when mixed with a resin in the form of a resin.
- a Henschel mixer in addition to Merits®, which can be mixed quickly, it adheres to the inner wall of the mixer and the mixing blade. There are few occurrences of altered resins and aggregates that induce adhesion inside the mixer, mixing workability, and less strain on the strainer in the kneading extruder in the subsequent process, etc. It has the characteristics.
- the raw material charging method is also determined appropriately in consideration of the impact on the MI value of the resin itself in addition to the dispersion of particles in the resin. Is done.
- the micropore-forming agent for a porous resin film of the present invention is blended with a resin, it is selected in consideration of the above, but a mixture mixed with a resin powder having an appropriate particle size range by a Henschel mixer or the like is biaxial.
- a method of quantitatively charging the hopper of a kneader such as a kneader is preferable.
- the pellets containing various additives such as the micropore forming agent for the porous resin film of the present invention, which is once called a master batch. And then melted and formed into a film together with an additive-free resin.
- a plurality of T-die extruders in the above process may be stacked or a multilayer film may be introduced by introducing a process of stretching during stretching, and the purpose of imparting printability to the above film It is also possible to coat the ink receiving layer by subjecting the film surface to a surface treatment such as plasma discharge.
- % means “% by weight” unless otherwise specified.
- the raw stone ash obtained by baking gray dense limestone with kerosene as a heat source in a fluidized tank kiln was dissolved into slaked lime slurry, and reacted with carbon dioxide to synthesize calcium carbonate. After removing foreign substances and coarse particles from the calcium carbonate water slurry with a sieve (400 mesh), the calcium carbonate slurry is subjected to particle growth by aging. A water slurry containing 10% 2 Zg calcium carbonate was obtained.
- the surfactant (A) and chelate compound (B) shown below were surface-treated using 3.5% and 1.2% of the calcium carbonate solid content, respectively, and surface-treated calcium carbonate A slurry was obtained.
- Example 1 When synthesizing calcium carbonate by reacting slaked lime slurry with carbon dioxide, add 1.0% of citrate, a particle growth inhibitor, to calcium hydroxide, and surfactant (A) and chelating agent Except for changing the addition amount of (B) to 10% and 1.5%, respectively, the same operation as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain a calcium carbonate slurry having a BET specific surface area of 35 m 2 Zg. A powder was obtained. Table 1 shows various physical properties of the obtained surface-treated calcium carbonate powder.
- the surface-treated calcium carbonate powder was processed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the addition amounts of the surfactant (A) and the chelating agent (B) were changed to 6.0% and 1.5%, respectively. Got. Table 1 shows the various physical properties of the obtained surface-treated calcium carbonate powder.
- Example 1 Except not performing an air classification process, it operated similarly to Example 1 and obtained the surface treatment calcium carbonate powder. Table 1 shows various physical properties of the obtained surface-treated calcium carbonate powder.
- Example 1 Surface treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that surfactant (B) was not added and the dust collection filter was changed from H EPA to a 10 m simple filter (repair efficiency 90-92%). A calcium carbonate powder was obtained. Table 1 shows the various physical properties of the obtained surface-treated calcium carbonate powder.
- Example 1 Except for the process where chelating agent (B) is changed to ammonium polyacrylate and no dust collection filter (HEPA) is used, the same operation as in Example 1 is performed. A surface-treated calcium carbonate powder was obtained. Table 1 shows the various physical properties of the obtained surface-treated calcium carbonate powder.
- the surface-treated calcium carbonate powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the foreign matter and coarse particle removal step by the sieve and the air classification step were not performed.
- Table 1 shows the various physical properties of the obtained surface-treated calcium carbonate powder.
- a surface-treated calcium carbonate powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the foreign matter and coarse particle removal step, air classification step, and dust collection filter (H E P A) step were not performed using a sieve.
- Table 1 shows various physical properties of the obtained surface-treated calcium carbonate powder.
- a surface-treated calcium carbonate powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the heat source was changed to a shuffling kiln using coke instead of kerosene.
- Table 1 shows various physical properties of the obtained surface-treated calcium carbonate powder.
- the heat source was changed to a shaft-type kiln using coke, and the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the foreign matter and coarse particle removal step and the air classification step were not carried out using a sieve to obtain a surface-treated calcium carbonate powder. It was. Table 1 shows the various physical properties of the obtained surface-treated calcium carbonate powder.
- a surface treated calcium carbonate powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the surfactant (A) was not added.
- Table 2 shows the various physical properties of the obtained surface-treated calcium carbonate powder.
- the raw stone ash obtained by baking gray dense limestone with kerosene as a heat source in a fluidized tank kiln was dissolved into a slaked lime slurry, which was reacted with a phosphoric acid aqueous solution to synthesize calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite). .
- the calcium phosphate water slurry is sieved After removing foreign substances and coarse particles, hydrothermal reaction is performed in an autoclave for the purpose of growing the particles of the calcium phosphate slurry, and water containing 10% calcium phosphate having a BET specific surface area of 58 m 2 Z g. A slurry was obtained.
- Example 2 Thereafter, after dehydration, drying and crushing, the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed, except that the treatment amounts of the surfactant (A) and the chelate compound (B) were 15% and 2%. A surface-treated calcium phosphate powder was obtained. Table 2 shows the physical properties of the surface-treated calcium phosphate powder.
- the raw calcium ash obtained by baking gray dense limestone with kerosene as a heat source in a fluidized tank kiln was dissolved into a slaked lime slurry and reacted with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to synthesize magnesium hydroxide.
- hydrothermal reaction is performed in an autoclave for the purpose of growing the particles of the magnesium hydroxide slurry, and a BET specific surface area of 15 m 2 An aqueous slurry containing 10% of Z g of magnesium hydroxide was obtained.
- Example 2 Thereafter, after dehydration, washing with water, drying, and crushing, the same treatment as in Example 1 was conducted except that the treatment amounts of the surfactant (A) and the Kiry ⁇ compound (B) were 4% and 1.2%.
- Surface treated magnesium hydroxide powder was obtained by the method. Table 2 shows the physical properties of the obtained surface-treated magnesium hydroxide powder.
- Example 2 shows various physical properties of the obtained surface-treated calcium carbonate powder.
- Polyethylene resin Hi-Z Million 340M manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
- poly A mixed polyethylene resin prepared by mixing ethylene wax (High Wax 110 P manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) at a ratio of 7: 3 was prepared, and the micropore forming agent obtained in Examples 1 to 13 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 And a mixed resin volume ratio of 3: 7 were charged into a Henschel mixer and mixed for 5 minutes to obtain a composition for a porous resin film of a micropore forming agent and a resin.
- composition obtained was melt-kneaded and film-formed with a twin-screw kneader 2 D25W manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd. equipped with a T-die to obtain a film with a film thickness of 80 m.
- a porous resin film having a thickness of 20 m was obtained by stretching about 5 times in the length direction under temperature.
- the obtained porous resin film was evaluated for the following 1) to 5). The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.
- the permeability of ions was evaluated by measuring the conductivity of Li ions moving through the solution.
- the measurement method is as follows.
- the porous film obtained in the present invention (preliminarily cut into a 47 mm diameter) is sandwiched between the filter holder used in the filtration test etc. and the 250 ml funnel instead of the filter paper filter.
- After fixing with a clamp insert ethylene carbonate ⁇ , ethylmethyl carbonate ⁇ , and dimethyl carbonate into a 1 L suction bottle filled with a mixed solution of 30:35:35 by volume, and then add another mixed solution to the electrolyte.
- 200 ml of electrolytic solution in which Li PF 6 was dissolved to 1 mol ZL was poured into the panel, and 30 minutes later, the electrical conductivity of the electrolytic solution in the suction bottle was measured.
- Tables 3 and 4 The larger the electrical conductivity, the better the ion permeability.
- the average pore radius (m) was measured with a porosimeter by a mercury intrusion method (Type 9520 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) in accordance with JISK 115.
- the average pore radius is preferably less than 0.1 m from the viewpoint of electrolyte holding.
- the Gurley value of the porous film was measured with a B-type DENSO (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.). The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.
- the Gurley air permeability is generally proportional to the pore diameter of the porous film, but if there is a problem on the separator surface, the Gurley value is high, and if pinholes are generated, the Gurley value is low. The state of the porous film can be grasped. Therefore, the range of the Gurley value is usually 50 to 500 (seconds 00 m l), and preferably 100 to 300 (seconds 00 m I). If it is outside the above range, there may be some problem.
- a mixture of a positive electrode active material (L i Mn 2 0 4 ) and a conductive agent (acetylene black) is used as the positive electrode, and a metal L i thickly attached to a Ni mesh is used as the negative electrode.
- the porous film produced by the comparative example was pinched
- the electrolyte using L i CI 0 4 electrolyte (PC / DMC organic solvent), the condition of constant current charge and discharge, 0. 9mA, 3. 5 ⁇ 4. Performed between 3V, the number of measurement cycles 1000.
- Tables 5 to 8 show the charge and discharge capacities for 1 and 1000 measurement cycles. The capacity reduction of the cycle is lower, that is, the capacity maintenance ratio of the 100th cycle with respect to the first cycle's capacity “(10: 00th cycle capacity Z 1st cycle capacity) X 1 A battery separator having a larger value of “0 0 (%)” was a good battery separator.
- the charge / discharge cycle characteristics are ranked as follows, and are shown in Tables 5 to 8.
- the fine pore-forming agent for a porous film of the present invention is such that the inorganic particles constituting it have almost no coarse particles, so that the strength of the porous resin film is hardly deteriorated.
- the distribution width of the diameter is uniform, the gap diameter can be controlled, and the conductive impurities are extremely small. Therefore, it is possible to provide a resin composition which is blended with a resin to give a porous resin film suitable for use in electric members such as capacitors and battery separators.
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- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Cell Separators (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP07706292A EP1985650A4 (en) | 2006-02-01 | 2007-01-31 | MICROPORENBILDNER FOR POROUS RESIN FOIL AND THE MICROPORENBILDNER CONTAINING COMPOSITION FOR POROUS RESIN FOIL |
US12/162,893 US7977410B2 (en) | 2006-02-01 | 2007-01-31 | Fine pore formation agent for porous resin film and composition containing the same for porous resin film |
KR1020087018841A KR101380184B1 (ko) | 2006-02-01 | 2007-01-31 | 다공질 수지 필름용 미공 형성제 및 이것을 배합하여 이루어지는 다공질 수지 필름용 조성물 |
JP2007556800A JP5305663B2 (ja) | 2006-02-01 | 2007-01-31 | 多孔質樹脂フィルム用微孔形成剤及び、これを配合してなる多孔質樹脂フィルム用組成物 |
CN2007800043734A CN101379120B (zh) | 2006-02-01 | 2007-01-31 | 多孔树脂膜用微孔形成剂及配合其的多孔树脂膜用组合物 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7977410B2 (en) | 2011-07-12 |
MY144291A (en) | 2011-08-29 |
CN101379120A (zh) | 2009-03-04 |
JP5837529B2 (ja) | 2015-12-24 |
KR20080098594A (ko) | 2008-11-11 |
JPWO2007088707A1 (ja) | 2009-06-25 |
EP1985650A1 (en) | 2008-10-29 |
KR101380184B1 (ko) | 2014-04-01 |
CN101379120B (zh) | 2012-04-11 |
JP5305663B2 (ja) | 2013-10-02 |
JP2013213212A (ja) | 2013-10-17 |
EP1985650A4 (en) | 2010-10-27 |
US20090030100A1 (en) | 2009-01-29 |
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