WO2007085297A1 - Tricyclische aromaten und flüssigkristallines medium - Google Patents
Tricyclische aromaten und flüssigkristallines medium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007085297A1 WO2007085297A1 PCT/EP2006/012593 EP2006012593W WO2007085297A1 WO 2007085297 A1 WO2007085297 A1 WO 2007085297A1 EP 2006012593 W EP2006012593 W EP 2006012593W WO 2007085297 A1 WO2007085297 A1 WO 2007085297A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- independently
- groups
- formula
- compounds
- Prior art date
Links
- 0 C*1(C)C(CC(**)**2)C2c2c(*)c(C)c(*)c(C)c2C1 Chemical compound C*1(C)C(CC(**)**2)C2c2c(*)c(C)c(*)c(C)c2C1 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/32—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing condensed ring systems, i.e. fused, bridged or spiro ring systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/32—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing condensed ring systems, i.e. fused, bridged or spiro ring systems
- C09K2019/327—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing condensed ring systems, i.e. fused, bridged or spiro ring systems containing a spiro ring system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/34—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
- C09K19/3402—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom
- C09K19/3405—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom the heterocyclic ring being a five-membered ring
- C09K2019/3408—Five-membered ring with oxygen(s) in fused, bridged or spiro ring systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/34—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
- C09K19/3402—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom
- C09K2019/3422—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom the heterocyclic ring being a six-membered ring
- C09K2019/3425—Six-membered ring with oxygen(s) in fused, bridged or spiro ring systems
Definitions
- Tricyclic aromatics and liquid crystalline medium Tricyclic aromatics and liquid crystalline medium
- the present invention relates to tricyclic aromatics of the general formula I
- a L A 2 , A 3 , A4 are each independently an unsubstituted or substituted by one to four F atoms 1, 4-cyclohexylene, 1, 4-cyclohexenylene or 1, 4-Cyclohexa- dienylenrest, wherein also each independently one or two CH 2 groups can be replaced by -O- or -S- so that heteroatoms are not directly linked to each other, a 1, 4-phenylene radical which may be substituted by one or two fluorine or chlorine atoms and in which also one or two CH groups can be replaced by N, a 1,4-bicyclo [2.2.2] octylene radical or a 2,6-spiro [3.3] heptylene radical,
- R- I , R 2 each independently represent an unsubstituted or at least monosubstituted by halogen
- X 1 , X 2 X 3 each independently of one another H, F or Cl,
- Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 are each independently of the other the single bond
- q, r, s, t, u are each independently 0 or 1
- the invention further relates to a liquid-crystalline medium containing at least one compound of general formula I, as well as the use of such a liquid-crystalline medium in display elements, in particular in electro-optical display elements.
- Some organic compounds do not pass directly from the crystalline to the liquid state upon heating, but undergo one or more additional phases within distinctly limited temperature ranges. These phases have directional physical properties but are mobile like liquids.
- the physical characteristics of such phases (hereinafter also generally referred to as liquid-crystalline media), such as the nematic, cholesteric, smectic A or the smectic C phase (see PG deGennes and J. Prost, The Physics of Liquid Crystals, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1993) are known.
- the molecular structure of such typical for use in electro-optic compounds is characterized by a rigid body containing, for example, linked 1, 4-phenylene or 1, 4-cyclohexylene or fused ring systems, which at as far apart as possible with so-called mesogenic radicals, such as alkyl, alkoxy or cyano groups is substituted.
- the liquid-crystalline media used in electro-optics consist of mixtures of such compounds, although those compounds which do not have an enantiotropic transition from the crystalline to a liquid-crystalline phase are used.
- the optical and dielectric properties depend to a first approximation linearly on the proportion of the mixture components.
- TR reduced temperature
- T M the measured temperature
- T clearing temperature that is, the temperature of the transition from the nematic to the isotropic phase (all in K)
- liquid crystal display elements based on liquid-crystalline media
- electro-optical display elements which are based on the principle of twisted nematic cell (English Twisted Nematic Cell, TNC).
- TNC English Twisted Nematic Cell
- IPS In Plane Switching
- VHR Voltage Holding Ratio
- liquid-crystalline media with particularly high clearing points are needed.
- the electrical control of the pixels can be known to make advantageous at low threshold voltages. These threshold voltages are determined by known methods, whereby for nematic phases with ⁇ > 0 the so-called Frederiks threshold (measured in volts), for those with ⁇ ⁇ 0 the so-called DAP threshold (deformation of upright phases) is the basis.
- the number of possible image changes per unit time depends on the mobility of the molecules in a liquid-crystalline medium, which decreases rapidly with decreasing temperature.
- the switching time depends directly on the rotational viscosity of the liquid-crystalline medium, which in turn correlates with the values measurable in conventional capillary viscometers.
- electro-optical display elements based on the reorientation of ferroelectric or antiferroelectric layers of smectic C phases.
- the known polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) consist of droplets of liquid-crystalline media enclosed in a transparent polymer which scatter the incident light depending on an applied voltage.
- PDLCs polymer dispersed liquid crystals
- electro-optical display elements can be produced, which also do not require polarizing films.
- Electro-optical display elements have recently become particularly important, based on the modulation of polarized light in nematic liquid-crystalline media with negative dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ⁇ 0) according to the so-called VA (vertical alignment) technique.
- liquid-crystalline media used in the above display elements have a number of disadvantages because the compounds used as mixture components are not sufficiently stable to light, heat or electric fields. Also, with them the necessary for a good contrast optical anisotropies at low operating voltages and switching times are difficult to achieve.
- the known liquid-crystalline media show in electro-optical display elements still in need of improvement properties.
- the achievable threshold voltages and the switching times are still too high.
- the invention was in particular the object of providing a class of stable compounds, which allow the production of electro-optical display elements with low threshold voltages and switching times.
- the tricyclic aromatics of the general formula I are advantageously suitable as components of liquid-crystalline media. They can be used to produce stable liquid-crystalline media with particularly low threshold voltages and low switching times, which are outstandingly suitable for the abovementioned applications.
- the tricyclic compounds according to the invention are suitable for the production of active matrix displays because of their high VHR. They have high clearing and are particularly stable upon exposure to light and at temperatures above 120 0 C.
- the invention extend moderate compounds in general the range of liquid crystalline substances advantageous for the production of liquid-crystalline M ⁇ dien for various, in particular for the applications mentioned above.
- the inventive tricyclic aromatics of the formula I include the 1, 2,3,4,44,9,10,1 Oa-octahydrophenanthrenes
- the alkyl radicals encompassed by the radicals R 1 and R 2 of the general formula I may be straight-chain or branched. Preferably, they are straight-chain and are then methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl and dodecyl.
- the double bond of the alkenyl moieties also included are not terminal, they are preferably E (opposite) -configured.
- the meanings of F and Cl for R 1 and R 2 are also preferred when these substituents are bonded to a phenyl radical.
- Q 1 represents -Q 2 O-CH 2 , 0-CF 2 and CH 2 CH 2 , wherein 0-CH 2 and
- 0-CF 2 are particularly preferred.
- X 1 , X 2 , X 3 are each independently H, F or
- X 1 and / or X 2 F and X 3 are hydrogen. Further, X 2 , X 3 are preferably F and X 1
- Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 in the general formula I preferably each independently represent the single bond, -CH 2 CH 2 -, -OCF 2 - or -CF 2 O-, of which the single bond is particularly preferred.
- the indices q, r, s, t are each independently one or zero, so that formula I can contain zero to four radicals of the meaning A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 .
- Particularly preferred are those compounds for which the sum of q and r is 1 or 2 and at the same time the sum of s and t is zero or one.
- the index u means one or zero. The meaning one is preferred.
- Formula I also includes optically active compounds and their racemates.
- the former can be obtained by targeted asymmetric syntheses or from the optically inactive compounds according to the invention by column chromatography on a chiral support material, such as cyclodextrins.
- the optically active compounds of the formula I are particularly suitable for phases having ferroelectric and antiferroelectric properties and for producing cholesteric phases. Also included are those compounds of formula I in which the bound elements have a different distribution of their isotopes from the natural one.
- the compounds of the general formula I are prepared by generally known methods. These are, for example, the collective work Houben-Weyl, methods of organic chemistry, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart and other, accessible to the skilled art publications. It is advantageous to link a tricyclic aromatic compound of the formula ## STR5 ## which is substituted in the 7-position by bromine or chlorine (Y here)
- Synthetic Scheme 3 exemplifies a sequence of generally known synthetic steps to compounds Y-Ar, from which compounds of the invention of sub-formulas Ia and Ib can be prepared.
- the enol acetate obtained from a substituted tetralone-1 with isopropenyl acetate is converted to the tributylstannane which is reacted in a azobisisobutyronitrile-induced radical alkylation with bromoacetic acid esters (see K. Miura et al., Organic Lett., 3, 2591 (2001)) 2-substituted tetralone-1 is converted.
- ⁇ -lactone After cleavage of the benzyl group by hydrogenation (Pd catalysis) heating leads to the ⁇ -lactone.
- This is substituted in a generally known manner by reaction with lithium diisopropylamide and an alkyl or allyl bromide in tetrahydrofuran (eg WF Bailey et al., Tetrahedron Letters 31, 5093 (1990)).
- the substituted in ⁇ -position lactone can also in a generally known manner by reduction with LiAIH 4 or NaBH 4 and BF 3 -Etherat in a compound of general formula Ia or by reaction with Lawessons reagent and then Conversion of CS into a CF 2 group with diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST) (see S.
- DAST diethylaminosulfur trifluoride
- the substituted tetralones-1 used in synthesis scheme 3 can also carry the substituent Rr (A 2 -Z 2 X (Ai -Z 1 Jq-) in addition to the substituent Y required for the coupling
- Their preparation can be carried out, for example, by a Friedel-Crafts acylation with succinic acid anhydride in dichloromethane, catalytic hydrogenation and a second acylation with the carbonyl chloride prepared with thionyl chloride, as shown in Synthetic Scheme 4.
- the liquid-crystalline medium likewise encompassed by the invention consists of at least two liquid-crystalline components and contains as component at least one compound of the general formula I. It typically contains from one to five, preferably two to four compounds of the formula I.
- the well-known mesogenic, ie in pure form or in mixture with other components capable of forming liquid crystalline phases, compounds serve. Some such compounds are e.g. in the
- B 1 to B 3 each independently unsubstituted or substituted by
- Conducting salts, nanoparticles and gel-forming polymers or amorphous solids, such as fumed silicas, are added.
- the addition of oxidation inhibitors is possible.
- the inventive liquid-crystalline media are prepared by heating the components together in a suitable glass vessel at 80 ° C, mixed by stirring and allowed to cool to room temperature.
- the proportion of the tricyclic aromatics of the general formula I in the liquid-crystalline medium according to the invention can be between 1 and 99% by mass. It is preferably between 10 and 90% by mass, and more preferably between 15 and 50% by mass.
- Mp melting temperature
- h hour min minute
- Kr is crystalline
- Sm smectic neematic
- Is isotropic phase The numbers between these terms indicate the temperature at which a transition occurs between the designated phases. IR stands for
- KBr Infrared spectrum, KBr means that the spectrum has been recorded with a standard potassium bromide pellet. Unless otherwise noted, the alkyl radicals are n-alkyl radicals.
- Methyl acetate is constantly dissipated.
- 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-1 -tributylstannyloxy- naphthalene is dissolved together with the equivalent amount of ethyl bromoacetate and 0.25-fold molar amount of azobisisobutyronitrile in benzene and 5 h at reflux heated.
- the residue obtained after distilling off is subjected to a purification by column chromatography (Kieselgel 60 from Merck KGA, Darmstadt, mobile phase toluene / isopropanol mixture, volume ratio 9: 1).
- Carboxylic acid purified by crystallization from ethanol After conversion into the carboxylic acid chloride with thionyl chloride, the diazomethyl ketone is prepared therefrom in a generally known manner by reaction with diazomethane. This is rearranged after addition of silver nitrate and ammonia in the amide (Wolff rearrangement), which is saponified with alcoholic potassium hydroxide. The precipitated on acidification with dilute hydrochloric acid carboxylic acid is filtered off with suction, dissolved in ethanol and hydrogenated after addition of catalyst (5% Pd on carbon). By heating the obtained after filtering off the catalyst and distilling off the solvent reaction product to 100 to 140 0 C is obtained the ⁇ -lactone.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Pyrane Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112006003343T DE112006003343A5 (de) | 2006-01-28 | 2006-12-29 | Tricyclische Aromaten und flüssigkristallines Medium |
JP2008551668A JP5276449B2 (ja) | 2006-01-28 | 2006-12-29 | 三環式芳香族類および液晶媒体 |
US12/162,188 US8148551B2 (en) | 2006-01-28 | 2006-12-29 | Tricyclic aromatics and liquid-crystalline medium |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006004059A DE102006004059A1 (de) | 2006-01-28 | 2006-01-28 | Tricyclische Aromaten |
DE102006004059.7 | 2006-01-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007085297A1 true WO2007085297A1 (de) | 2007-08-02 |
Family
ID=37898254
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2006/012593 WO2007085297A1 (de) | 2006-01-28 | 2006-12-29 | Tricyclische aromaten und flüssigkristallines medium |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8148551B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5276449B2 (de) |
DE (2) | DE102006004059A1 (de) |
TW (1) | TWI418549B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007085297A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011506275A (ja) * | 2007-11-27 | 2011-03-03 | メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | ベンゾ[f]クロメンおよびピラノ[3,2−f]クロメン誘導体 |
CN108865175A (zh) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-23 | 西安瑞立电子材料有限公司 | 一种含有二苯并二呋喃类的液晶组合物及其应用 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1162185A1 (de) * | 2000-06-08 | 2001-12-12 | MERCK PATENT GmbH | Hydrierte Phenanthrene und ihre Verwendung in Flüssigkristallmischungen |
EP1201632A1 (de) * | 1999-08-03 | 2002-05-02 | Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc. | Kondensierte ring-verbindungen |
DE10341154A1 (de) * | 2003-09-06 | 2005-03-31 | Nematel Gmbh & Co. Kg | Tricyclische Fluorverbindungen und flüssigkristallines Medium |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1326734A (fr) * | 1962-05-15 | 1963-05-10 | Hoffmann La Roche | Procédé pour la préparation de nouveaux acides octahydrophénanthrénoïques |
US3804878A (en) * | 1969-09-08 | 1974-04-16 | Ciba Geigy Corp | Hydrogenated araliphatic acids |
JP4644888B2 (ja) * | 1999-08-03 | 2011-03-09 | Dic株式会社 | フェナントレン及びフルオレン誘導体 |
-
2006
- 2006-01-28 DE DE102006004059A patent/DE102006004059A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-12-29 DE DE112006003343T patent/DE112006003343A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-12-29 US US12/162,188 patent/US8148551B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-29 WO PCT/EP2006/012593 patent/WO2007085297A1/de active Application Filing
- 2006-12-29 JP JP2008551668A patent/JP5276449B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-01-26 TW TW096103058A patent/TWI418549B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1201632A1 (de) * | 1999-08-03 | 2002-05-02 | Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc. | Kondensierte ring-verbindungen |
EP1162185A1 (de) * | 2000-06-08 | 2001-12-12 | MERCK PATENT GmbH | Hydrierte Phenanthrene und ihre Verwendung in Flüssigkristallmischungen |
DE10341154A1 (de) * | 2003-09-06 | 2005-03-31 | Nematel Gmbh & Co. Kg | Tricyclische Fluorverbindungen und flüssigkristallines Medium |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011506275A (ja) * | 2007-11-27 | 2011-03-03 | メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | ベンゾ[f]クロメンおよびピラノ[3,2−f]クロメン誘導体 |
CN108865175A (zh) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-23 | 西安瑞立电子材料有限公司 | 一种含有二苯并二呋喃类的液晶组合物及其应用 |
CN108865175B (zh) * | 2018-05-24 | 2020-05-15 | 石家庄晶奥量新材料有限公司 | 一种含有二苯并二呋喃类的液晶组合物及其应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2009524607A (ja) | 2009-07-02 |
US8148551B2 (en) | 2012-04-03 |
TWI418549B (zh) | 2013-12-11 |
DE102006004059A1 (de) | 2007-08-02 |
JP5276449B2 (ja) | 2013-08-28 |
US20090131689A1 (en) | 2009-05-21 |
TW200734319A (en) | 2007-09-16 |
DE112006003343A5 (de) | 2008-12-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2937342B1 (de) | 4,6-difluor-dibenzothiophen-derivate | |
DE3221462C2 (de) | ||
EP0103681B1 (de) | Tetra- und pentacyclische Monoester | |
EP0047817A2 (de) | Hydrierte Naphthaline, deren Herstellung und Verwendung sowie derartige Naphthaline enthaltende Gemische | |
DE102007009944B4 (de) | Flüssigkristallines Medium und seine Verwendung | |
WO2011098202A1 (de) | Flüssigkristallanzeige und flüssigkristallines medium | |
DE102005037925A1 (de) | Hydro-cyclopenta[a]naphthaline | |
EP0532511B1 (de) | Tetrasubstituierte methane mit flüssigkristallinen eigenschaften | |
WO2007085297A1 (de) | Tricyclische aromaten und flüssigkristallines medium | |
EP2044172B1 (de) | Anellierte naphthaline | |
DE10209139B4 (de) | Tricyclische Verbindungen | |
DE10341154B4 (de) | Tricyclische Fluorverbindungen, flüssigkristallines Medium sowie dessen Verwendung | |
DE3904817A1 (de) | Difluormethyl-verbindungen | |
DE4331679A1 (de) | Spiro[5,5]undecane und ihre Verwendung in Flüssigkristallmischungen | |
DE102007001022A1 (de) | Tricyclische Aromaten und flüssigkristallines Medium | |
DE4409724B4 (de) | 2,3,4-Trifluorbenzole zur Verwendung in Flüssigkristallmischungen | |
WO2007090787A1 (de) | Hydro-cyclopenta[b]naphthaline | |
DE10227449B4 (de) | Nematisches flüssigkristallines Medium und seine Verwendung | |
DE10348172A1 (de) | Flüssigkristallines Medium | |
DE4415696A1 (de) | 1,5-Diene | |
DE4338267A1 (de) | 3-Fluorbenzole und ihre Verwendung in Flüssigkristallmischungen | |
DE4413166A1 (de) | 1,2-Dicyclohexylpropene | |
DE10034815A1 (de) | Cyclohexylphenylethane | |
WO1995010496A1 (de) | 2,3,4-trifluorobenzole und ihre verwendung in flüssigkristallmischungen | |
DE10102630A1 (de) | Diarylfluorbutadien-Derivate |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1120060033433 Country of ref document: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 12162188 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 2008551668 Country of ref document: JP |
|
REF | Corresponds to |
Ref document number: 112006003343 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20081224 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 06841201 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |