WO2007074647A1 - 可搬式ボール盤 - Google Patents
可搬式ボール盤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007074647A1 WO2007074647A1 PCT/JP2006/324843 JP2006324843W WO2007074647A1 WO 2007074647 A1 WO2007074647 A1 WO 2007074647A1 JP 2006324843 W JP2006324843 W JP 2006324843W WO 2007074647 A1 WO2007074647 A1 WO 2007074647A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- motor
- control unit
- main control
- drilling machine
- portable drilling
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004397 blinking Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000036758 Postinfectious cerebellitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B45/00—Hand-held or like portable drilling machines, e.g. drill guns; Equipment therefor
- B23B45/02—Hand-held or like portable drilling machines, e.g. drill guns; Equipment therefor driven by electric power
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25H—WORKSHOP EQUIPMENT, e.g. FOR MARKING-OUT WORK; STORAGE MEANS FOR WORKSHOPS
- B25H1/00—Work benches; Portable stands or supports for positioning portable tools or work to be operated on thereby
- B25H1/0021—Stands, supports or guiding devices for positioning portable tools or for securing them to the work
- B25H1/0057—Devices for securing hand tools to the work
- B25H1/0064—Stands attached to the workpiece
- B25H1/0071—Stands attached to the workpiece by magnetic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
- G05B19/4062—Monitoring servoloop, e.g. overload of servomotor, loss of feedback or reference
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
- B23B2260/062—Electric motors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
- B23B2260/122—Safety devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2270/00—Details of turning, boring or drilling machines, processes or tools not otherwise provided for
- B23B2270/32—Use of electronics
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/37—Measurements
- G05B2219/37285—Load, current taken by motor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/37—Measurements
- G05B2219/37342—Overload of motor, tool
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/42—Servomotor, servo controller kind till VSS
- G05B2219/42286—Speed, ramp controlled slow down of motor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/42—Servomotor, servo controller kind till VSS
- G05B2219/42289—Avoid overload servo motor, actuator limit servo torque
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/45—Nc applications
- G05B2219/45127—Portable, hand drill
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S388/00—Electricity: motor control systems
- Y10S388/935—Specific application:
- Y10S388/937—Hand tool
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
- Y10T408/13—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool with randomly-actuated stopping means
- Y10T408/14—Responsive to condition of Tool or tool-drive
Definitions
- the present invention is a portable type in which a main body is fixed to a workpiece by an electromagnet or the like, and a cutter such as a drill attached to an output shaft of a motor is manually moved forward and backward to the workpiece. Regarding the ball board.
- a portable drilling machine that is portable and has a configuration in which a main body can be fixed to a workpiece or the like using an attractive force of an electromagnet or the like, or a vise.
- a drilling machine has a structure in which a drill is directly connected to a drive motor (hereinafter abbreviated as a motor), so the load varies significantly depending on the state of the drill contacting the workpiece, the pressing force, the material of the workpiece, etc.
- a motor drive motor
- the load varies significantly depending on the state of the drill contacting the workpiece, the pressing force, the material of the workpiece, etc.
- this fluctuation is directly transmitted to the motor. Therefore, when a motor with a small output is used as the motor, if the overload condition continues for a long time, the motor may be burned due to the generated excessive current.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-6925
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-52914
- Patent Document 1 when the load current exceeds the second reference level, the relay of the power circuit of the motor is turned off to stop energization, and this state is maintained. I'm stuck. Therefore, the motor could not be energized again until the power switch was turned off and returned to the initial state. In other words, there was a lot of work for restarting, and there was room for improvement in terms of workability.
- the cutting edge of the blade has no rotational driving force from the motor. Force and force to push the cutting edge into the work piece (drill axial force) are applied. As a resultant force, the force that can be applied to the workpiece as well as the cutting edge force has an axial component that is greater than the rotational direction component of the cutting edge than when the motor is energized, and is applied from the workpiece. Since the reaction force against the cutting edge becomes large, the cutting edge may be damaged, and there is a possibility that drilling cannot be continued.
- the present invention is such that after an overload occurs, the motor is automatically restored if the overload condition is resolved, and is not restored if the overload continues for a certain period of time. Therefore, the purpose is to prevent the occurrence of an overload condition again and to further improve operability, safety and workability.
- the portable drilling machine according to the present invention is
- a motor that is a drive source for rotating a blade such as a drill
- a motor control unit that drives the motor to rotate based on the motor start switch being turned on;
- a main control unit for controlling the motor control unit
- the main control unit supplies power to the motor when the motor is overloaded.
- First control means for controlling the motor control unit to lower,
- a second control unit that controls the motor control unit so as to perform normal power supply when the overload state is resolved. Specifically, when the load state of the motor becomes an overload state, the first control means is executed to reduce the supply voltage to the motor, and when the overload state is resolved, the second control means. To automatically return to the normal power supply state and prevent the overload condition from occurring again.
- the first control means can gradually decrease the voltage supplied to the motor when the motor is overloaded.
- the second control unit can gradually increase the voltage supplied to the motor to be in a normal power supply state when the overload state is resolved.
- third control means for controlling the motor control unit to stop power supply to the motor when the overload state continues for a predetermined time.
- the main control unit is configured to start energization of the motor when the motor start switch is turned on while the third control unit is being executed. Can be controlled.
- the main control unit performs the display control on the light emitting elements in different colors and Z or different lighting methods according to the control states when the first, second, and third control units are executed. be able to.
- the main control unit when the first control means is executed, when the load current of the motor is equal to or higher than a predetermined reference value and the motor supply voltage becomes a predetermined value, It can be configured to have fourth control means for holding the motor driven by the motor supply voltage for a predetermined time.
- the main control unit can set the predetermined value of the motor supply voltage to a value that does not cause burning or the like even when the motor is in a hooked state.
- the main control unit supplies the motor to the motor by the second control unit when the load current of the motor falls below the reference value when executing the fourth control unit.
- the normal voltage can be obtained by gradually increasing the voltage.
- the fixing means is a magnet for fixing a main body including the motor to a workpiece by electromagnetic force, and the main control unit is energized to the magnet. Accordingly, the motor control unit can rotationally drive the motor.
- FIG. 1 is an external view showing the external appearance of a magnetic drilling machine according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control.
- the magnetic drilling machine 1 includes a main body 2 and a support 6 that supports the blade held by the chuck 3 so as to be able to move forward and backward with respect to the workpiece by rotating the handle 4.
- the magnetic drilling machine 1 includes, for example, a motor 12 powered by a 100V AC power supply 10, a main control unit 14 that controls motor control and display of its state, and a magnet (MG) that generates a predetermined magnetic force when energized.
- MG magnet
- full-wave rectifier 18 that supplies DC output obtained by full-wave rectification of AC power supply 10 to magnet
- MG disconnection detection unit 20 that detects disconnection of magnet 16
- AC power supply 10 Step-down transformer 22 that transforms to voltage
- zero-cross detection unit 24 that detects zero-cross from the low-voltage output of step-down transformer 22
- DC power supply unit 26 that supplies DC power to main control unit 14 and the like
- motor 12 A motor control unit 28 that controls rotation, a current detection unit 30 that detects the current flowing through the motor 12, a signal amplification unit 32 that amplifies a detection signal from the current detection unit 30, and an LED connected to the main control unit 14
- Display unit 34 for displaying warnings and magnetic buttons
- a power switch 36 for turning on and off the entire power of the control panel 1
- a motor start switch 38 for turning on the power to the motor 12, and a motor stop switch 40 for turning off the power to the motor 12. Yes.
- the main control unit 14 is, for example, a PIC (Peripheral Interface Controller) composed of a one-chip microcomputer incorporating a CPU and an AZD converter, and executes processing as shown in FIG. 3 in the built-in ROM 14a.
- PIC Peripheral Interface Controller
- Examples of PICs that can be used include the PIC series from MICROTIP TECHNOLOGY.
- the magnet 16 has a core and a winding that can generate a magnetic attractive force that can fix the main body of the magnetic drilling machine 1 to a workpiece or the like when a DC power source is applied from the full-wave rectifier 18. And is incorporated in the base of the magnetic drilling machine 1 or the like.
- the MG disconnection detection unit 20 is connected to the magnet 16 so that the disconnection alarm of the magnet 16 can be performed. It has a circuit that detects the disconnection in conjunction with the operation of the magnet 16 power supply switch.
- the step-down transformer 22 is a low-power transformer having a primary winding connected to the AC power supply 10 and a secondary winding for supplying a low-voltage AC voltage to the zero cross detection unit 24 and the DC power supply unit 26. It is
- the zero cross detection unit 24 has a circuit configuration that detects the timing at which the sine waveform of the AC power supply 10 becomes 0 level using a photo power bra or the like and notifies the main control unit 14 of the detected timing.
- the DC power supply unit 26 smoothes and stabilizes the DC output obtained by full-wave rectifying the output of the secondary winding of the step-down transformer 22 using a full-wave rectifier and a full-wave rectifier, and a voltage stabilization circuit. It is configured with a circuit and supplies the generated DC output to the main controller 14 and other circuits.
- the motor control unit 28 includes, for example, a triac that is one of semiconductor control elements and a control circuit that controls the gate.
- the current detection unit 30 is configured by using, for example, a CT (current transformer) connected in series to the motor 12, and the detection signal is received by a signal amplification unit 32 configured by using an operational amplifier. Amplified and sent to the main controller 14. The detection signal sent to the main control unit 14 is converted into a digital value by an AZD converter built in the main control unit 14.
- a CT current transformer
- the display unit 34 includes a light emitting element, for example, a single LED capable of emitting green, yellow, and red light. This LED is controlled by the main control unit 14 so that any one of the above display colors can be used. In addition to light emission, lighting modes such as continuous lighting, long-period flashing lighting, and short-cycle flashing lighting are possible. In the present embodiment, the following lighting modes are prepared in the display unit 34.
- Pattern 1 Lit green (During operation)
- Pattern 2 Lights red (alarm)
- Pattern 3 Lights up yellow (warning)
- Pattern 4 Red fast flashing (alarm)
- Pattern 5 Blinking green (alarm)
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the magnetic drilling machine 1
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the processing following FIG.
- steps S101 to S107 indicate the process of energizing the magnet 16 and energization confirmation
- steps S201 to S213 indicate the process of normal operation of the motor 12.
- Fig. 4 [Steps S301 to S309i] shows the processing when the motor 12 is overloaded.
- Steps S303 and S304 indicate the overload time measurement process.
- the main control unit 14 determines whether or not the power is turned on by the power switch 36 (S101). If the power ON cannot be determined, the main control unit 14 waits. If the power is turned on (S101: yes), the magnet 1 6 is energized (S102). Next, the main control unit 14 determines whether or not the magnet 16 is energized based on the output of the MG disconnection detection unit 20 (S103), and the output of the MG disconnection detection unit 20 is NG. If the power is confirmed (S 103: no), the LED on the display unit 34 is lit in green (S104). If the power cannot be confirmed (S103: yes), the display unit The 34 LED is lit red flashing (S105).
- the main control unit 14 determines whether or not the power is turned off by the power switch 36 (S106), and if the power is turned off (S106: yes), the process is terminated (END). If the power is not OFF (S106: no), it is determined whether the motor start switch 38 is ON (S107). If the switch is ON (S107: yes), the motor control unit 28 is operated. Then, the motor 12 is started (S201). If it is not confirmed that the motor start switch 38 is ON (S107: no), the main control unit 14 returns the process to step S103 and executes the subsequent processes.
- the main control unit 14 operates the motor control unit 28 to rotationally drive the motor 12 by phase control based on a predetermined energization angle.
- the main control unit 14 uses the zero-cross pulse signal from the zero-cross detection unit 24 as an external interrupt signal, and executes processing for starting motor control by the motor control unit 28 every half cycle.
- it is determined again whether or not the magnet 16 is energized (S202). If energization is confirmed (S202: no), the LED of the display unit 34 is displayed. Turn on the green (S203), and if the power cannot be confirmed (S202: yes), turn on the red LED on the display unit 34 ( S212).
- the main control unit 14 reads a load current detection value (load current value IL) by the current detection unit 30 and the signal amplification unit 32 (S204).
- the main control unit 14 determines whether or not the motor stop switch 40 is operated (S205). If the motor stop switch 40 is operated, the main control unit 14 cuts off the power supply to the motor 12 ( S213) The process returns to step S103. If the motor stop switch 40 is not operated, the main control unit 14 determines whether or not the load current value IL taken in exceeds the reference value Vrefl (S207).
- the reference value Vrefl is a reference current value for determining whether the motor 12 should be stopped immediately, that is, whether the force is overloaded.
- step S207 When (IL ⁇ Vrefl) is determined in step S207, that is, when there is no overload (S207: no), the main control unit 14 next calculates the load current value IL and the reference value Vref2. Compare (S 208).
- the reference value Vref2 is a current value corresponding to a high load although it is not necessary to stop the motor 12.
- step S208 yes
- the main control unit 14 lights the red LED on the display unit 34 to alert the user that there is a possibility of overload.
- step S210 Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S204, and the subsequent processes are executed.
- step S208 when (lL ⁇ Vref2) is determined in step S208 (S208: no), the main control unit 14 compares the load current value IL with the reference value Vref3 (S209).
- the reference value Vref3 is a current value serving as a reference for determining whether or not the load operation is normal.
- the main control unit 14 determines (lL> Vref3) (S209: yes)
- the LED on the display unit 34 is lit yellow to warn the user that the load is heavy (S211), and then performs the processing. Move to step S204.
- the main control unit 14 determines (IL ⁇ Vref3) (S209: no)
- the main control unit 14 is in a normal load state, so the display unit 34 is not operated, and the process proceeds to step S203. Execute.
- step S207 When (IL> Vrefl) is determined in step S207 (S207: yes), the main control unit 14 performs control to forcibly lower the voltage supplied to the motor 12 in order to avoid an overload state. Execute (S301 in Fig. 4). Next, the main control unit 14 causes the LED of the display unit 34 to blink red at high speed (S302), and warns the user that the motor driving force has been changed. Furthermore, the main The control unit 14 takes in the zero cross signal from the zero cross detection unit 24 and starts the zero cross count (S303), and then the zero cross count number and the set value n in step S303 (when the zero cross count number is counted n, an overload occurs. For example, a few seconds have passed) (S304).
- step S304 When (zero cross count number ⁇ n) is not established (S304: no), the main control unit 14 compares the load current value IL with the reference value Vref4 in step S304 (S305).
- the reference value V ref4 is a reference for determining whether or not the overload is detected by the current detection unit 30 and the signal amplification unit 32, and whether the load is reduced after the supply voltage is forcibly reduced. Is the current value. If (IL and Vref4) is determined in step S305 (S305: yes), the main control unit 14 performs control to gradually increase the motor supply voltage (motor supply voltage soft UP) to the motor control unit 28. (S306) Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S201 in FIG. The control in step S306 can prevent the motor 12 from rotating suddenly, thereby improving operability and safety.
- step S304 when (zero cross count number ⁇ n) is established in step S304 (S304: yes), the main control unit 14 outputs a signal for completely stopping the motor 12 to the motor control unit 28. In response, the motor control unit 28 stops the power supply to the motor 12 (S307). Next, the main control unit 14 causes the LED of the display unit 34 to blink green (S308) and warns the user that the motor 12 has been temporarily forcibly stopped. Further, the main control unit 14 determines whether or not the motor start switch 3 8 is turned on (S309). If the motor start switch 38 is turned on (S309: yes), the process proceeds to step S201 in FIG. Then, control for normal motor operation is executed.
- step S309 the process proceeds to step S307 and the subsequent processing is executed.
- the above control makes it possible to improve workability in the magnetic drilling machine 1, prevent damage to cutting tools such as drills, prevent motor burnout, and improve safety.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the process of the magnetic drilling machine as the second embodiment of the portable drilling machine according to the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the process following FIG. .
- the main control unit 14 determines whether or not the power switch 36 is turned on in step S101 of FIG. 5. If the power on cannot be determined, the main control unit 14 waits, and if the power is on, the magnet 16 is energized. (S102). Subsequently, the main control unit 14 determines whether or not the magnet 16 is energized! / (S 103). If the magnet 16 is not energized! (S 1 03: no) In FIG. 3, the LED blinking in red on the display unit 34 is lit (S105), as in the embodiment shown in FIG. In the embodiment shown in FIG.
- step (S108) for determining whether the frequency of the AC power supply 10 is 50 Hz or 60 Hz. Specifically, the power source frequency determined by counting the number of zero crosses detected by the zero cross detection unit 24 for 0.2 seconds is determined.
- the main control unit 14 turns on the LED of the display unit 34 in green (S 104), determines whether the power is turned off by the power switch 36 (S 106), and confirms that the power is turned off. If so (S1 06: yes), the process is terminated (END). If the power is not OFF (S106: no), it is determined whether the motor start switch 38 is ON (S107). If the switch is not ON (S107: no), the process proceeds to step 103. Return to.
- step S107 If the switch ON is confirmed in step S107 (S107: yes), the process proceeds to a normal operation loop of the motor. That is, as described in FIG. 3, the main control unit 14 operates the motor control unit 28 to start the motor 12 (S201). After that, energization to the magnet 16 is determined (S202), and if energization is confirmed (S202: no), the LED of the display unit 34 is lit in green (S203), and when energization cannot be confirmed (S202 : yes) causes the LED of the display unit 34 to blink red (S212). When energization of the magnet 16 is confirmed, the main control unit 14 then reads the load current value IL (S204), and determines whether or not the motor stop switch 40 has been operated (S205).
- S204 load current value
- step S207 is a current value that determines whether or not the motor 12 is overloaded, and (lL ⁇ Vref When 1) is determined, that is, when there is no overload, the main control unit 14 next compares the load current value IL with the reference value Vref2 (S208).
- the reference value Vref2 is a current value corresponding to a high load although the motor 12 does not need to be stopped.
- the main control unit 14 lights the red LED on the display unit 34 to warn the user that there is a possibility of overload (S210), and then proceeds to step S204. Migrate and execute the subsequent processing.
- step S208 when (IL ⁇ Vref2) is determined in step S208 (S208: no), the main control unit 14 compares the load current value IL with the reference value Vref3 (S209).
- the reference value Vref3 is a current value serving as a reference for determining whether or not the load operation is normal.
- the main control unit 14 determines (lL> Vref3) (S209: yes)
- the LED on the display unit 34 is lit yellow to warn the user that the load is heavy (S211), and then performs the processing. Move to step S204.
- the main control unit 14 determines (IL ⁇ Vref3) (S209: no), it is in a normal load state, so the display unit 34 is not operated, and the process proceeds to step S203. Execute the process.
- step 207 when it is determined in step 207 that the load current exceeds the reference value Vrefl (S207).
- the main control unit 14 executes the processing of the motor overload operation in FIG.
- the main control unit 14 sets the voltage supplied to the motor 12 to, for example, a supply voltage X% (with no fear of burning even when the motor 12 is locked) (For example, 35% of the rated value) is gradually lowered over several seconds (for example, 4 seconds) (S310).
- the LED of the display unit 34 blinks in red at high speed (S302), and the motor driving force is reduced. Warn user of changes.
- the main control unit 14 compares the load current value IL with the reference value Vref4 (S311).
- Vr ef4 is a reference value for determining whether or not the load is reduced after it is determined that the motor 12 is in an overload state, and when IL and Vref4 are determined (S311: yes), the process proceeds to step 306, and the control to gradually increase the motor supply voltage is executed.
- IL ⁇ V ref4 is determined (S311: no)
- the main control unit 14 controls the motor control unit 28 so as to maintain the motor supply voltage force% (S313).
- the main control unit 14 captures a zero cross signal from the zero cross detection unit 24 to determine whether or not the motor control with the motor supply voltage set to X% has passed a predetermined time (for example, several seconds). Zero cross count is performed (S303). Next, the main control unit 14 compares the zero cross count number in step S303 with the set value n (S304). If (zero cross count number ⁇ n) is not satisfied (S304: no), then IL ⁇ Vref4 is determined (S305).
- the main control unit 14 stops power supply to the motor 12 (S307). After that, the LED on the display unit 34 blinks green (S308) to warn the user that the motor 12 has been temporarily forcibly stopped. Further, the main control unit: L4 determines whether or not the motor start switch 38 is turned on (S309). If the motor start switch 38 is turned on (S309: yes), the process proceeds to step S201 in FIG. Control for normal operation of the motor. If the motor start switch 38 is OFF (S309: no), the process proceeds to step S307 and the subsequent processing is executed.
- step S310 since the motor supply voltage is gradually reduced in step S310, the inertial force of the motor can be weakened and damage to the blade edge of the blade can be prevented.
- the motor supply voltage is fixed to a predetermined value in steps S312 and S313, and then, according to the overload condition. Motor stop or normal control is executed Therefore, even if the process of step S307 for completely stopping the motor 12 is executed, the inertia force is already weakened, so that the blade edge of the cutter is prevented from being damaged. Furthermore, as in the first embodiment, it is possible to improve workability in the magnetic drilling machine and prevent motor burnout.
- the force main control unit 14 showing the embodiment of the magnetic drilling machine according to the present invention is not limited to the PIC, but is an IC or a circuit designed specifically for the circuit for executing the processing of FIG. There may be.
- the motor control unit 28 uses a force that uses a triac suitable for a simple circuit configuration as a semiconductor control element, for example, GTO (gate turn-off thyristor), IGBT (gate insulated bipolar transistor), etc. The configuration used can also be used.
- an acceleration sensor that detects the occurrence of a lateral deviation or the like in the magnetic drilling machine 1 may be provided to warn the occurrence of the lateral deviation or the like.
- the alarm Z warning is performed by one LED, but a configuration using three LEDs emitting single color light of green (or blue), red, and yellow (or orange) may be used.
- a configuration may be adopted in which a character message indicating a warning, a pictogram, or the like is displayed on a liquid crystal display.
- a configuration in which sound (alarm Z warning sound, voice message, etc.) is used instead of the light emitting element can be adopted.
- the process of step S108 in FIG. 5 can be added between steps S103 and S104 in FIG.
- FIG. 1 is an external view showing an external appearance of a magnetic drilling machine that is one embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a magnetic drilling machine according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the magnetic drilling machine according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing processing subsequent to the processing in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of a magnetic drilling machine according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing processing subsequent to the processing in FIG.
- Magnet MG disconnection detection unit Step-down transformer Zero cross detection unit Motor control unit Current detection unit Signal amplification unit Display unit
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Abstract
過負荷が発生後、再度過負荷状態が発生するのを防止し、操作性及び安全性を向上させる。交流電源10には、ドリルを回転するモータ12がモータ制御部28、電流検出部30及び電源スイッチ36を介して接続され、電源スイッチ36及び全波整流器18を介してマグネット16が接続されている。モータ制御部28は、モータ起動スイッチ38がONにされた状態であることに基づく主制御部からの信号に従って前記モータを回転駆動する。主制御部14は、モータ12が過負荷状態になったとき、モータ12に供給する電圧を徐々に下げるように制御し、過負荷状態が解消されたときには電圧を徐々に上げて通常の給電を行うように、又、過負荷状態が所定時間継続したときにはモータ12への給電を停止するように、モータ制御部28を制御する。
Description
明 細 書
可搬式ボール盤
技術分野
[0001] 本発明は、電磁石等により本体を被カ卩ェ物に固定すると共に、モータの出力軸に 取り付けられたドリル等の刃物の被加工物への前後進を手動で行う構成の可搬式ボ ール盤に関する。
背景技術
[0002] 被加工物に孔を開ける工作機械として、可搬性を有するとともに、本体を被加工物 等に電磁石等の吸着力や、バイスを利用して固定できる構成の可搬式ボール盤があ る。一般にボール盤は、ドリルを駆動用モータ(以下、略してモータという)に直結した 構造であるため、ドリルが被加工物に接触する状態、押下力、被加工物の材質等に より負荷が著しく変動し、この変動はモータに直に伝わる。そのため、モータに小出 力のモータを用いた場合、過負荷状態が長く続くと、発生した過大電流のためにモ 一タを焼損するおそれがある。
[0003] そこで、モータの過負荷対策として、例えば、異なる値の第 1、第 2の基準レベルを 設定してモータの負荷電流を検出し、負荷電流が第 1の基準レベルを超えたときに は警報を発し、第 2の基準レベルを超えたときには警報とともにモータへの通電を停 止する構成の穿孔機があり、例えば、特許文献 1に開示されている。
[0004] 又、負荷電流が基準値を超えたときにモータに流れる電流を遮断し、負荷電流が 基準値以下になり、かつ所定時間が経過したことに基づいて、モータへの給電を自 動的に再開する電動ドリル装置があり、例えば、特許文献 2に開示されている。 特許文献 1:特公昭 62— 6925号公報
特許文献 2:特開 2005 - 52914号公報
発明の開示
発明が解決しょうとする課題
[0005] しかし、特許文献 1の構成では、負荷電流が第 2の基準レベルを超えると、モータの 電源回路のリレーが OFFにされて通電が停止され、この状態が保持される構成とな
つていた。従って、ー且、電源スィッチを切って初期状態に戻した後でなければ、再 度モータへの通電をすることができないものであった。即ち、再起動のための手間が 力かり、作業性の面において改善の余地があった。
[0006] 又、特許文献 2の構成では、過負荷を検知して電流遮断を行ってから、所定時間が 経過すると、依然として過負荷状態が変わらなくとも、モータには遮断前と同レベル の電力が供給されるものであった。即ち、遮断前と同レベルの回転力が発生されるの で、安全性の点で好ましくな力つた。
[0007] 更に、過負荷を検知してモータへの通電を遮断して、モータを急激に停止するよう な制御を行った場合、刃物の刃先にはモータからの回転駆動力はなくなるが、慣性 力と刃先を被切削物に押し込む力(ドリルの軸線方向力)が加わる。それらの合力と して刃先力も被カ卩ェ物へカ卩えられる力は、モータの通電がされていたときよりも、刃先 の回転方向成分に対する軸線方向成分が大きくなり、被切削物から加わる刃先への 反力が大きくなるために、刃先の破損を招くおそれがあり、継続して穿孔ができない おそれがある。
[0008] 本発明は、上記のような事情に鑑みて、過負荷発生後、過負荷状態が解消されれ ばモータを自動復帰させ、過負荷が一定時間継続した場合には復帰させな 、ように して、再度過負荷状態が発生するのを防止し、操作性、安全性及び作業性をより向 上させることを目的とする。
課題を解決するための手段
[0009] すなわち、本発明に係る可搬式ボール盤は、
ドリル等の刃物を回転する駆動源であるモータと、
前記モータを含む本体を被加工物に固定する固定手段と、
モータ起動スィッチが ONにされた状態であることに基づいて前記モータを回転駆 動するモータ制御部と、
前記モータ制御部を制御する主制御部と
を備える可搬式ボール盤にお 、て、
前記主制御部は、前記モータが過負荷状態になったときに前記モータに供給する 電力を
下げるように前記モータ制御部を制御する第 1の制御手段と、
前記過負荷状態が解消されたときに通常の給電を行うように前記モータ制御部を 制御する第 2の制御手段と、を有することを特徴とする。具体的には、モータの負荷 状態が過負荷状態となったときには前記第 1の制御手段を実行してモータへの供給 電圧を低下させ、過負荷状態が解消されたときに第 2の制御手段を実行して通常の 給電状態に自動復帰させ、過負荷状態が再度発生するのを防止する。
[0010] 具体的には、前記第 1の制御手段は、前記モータが過負荷状態になったときに、前 記モータに供給する電圧を徐々に下げるようにすることができる。
[0011] 更に具体的には、前記第 2の制御手段は、前記過負荷状態が解消されたときに、 前記モータに供給する電圧を徐々に上げて通常の給電状態にすることができる。
[0012] 又、前記過負荷状態が所定時間継続したときには前記モータへの給電を停止する ように前記モータ制御部を制御する第 3の制御手段を有することができる。
[0013] 具体的には前記主制御部は、前記第 3の制御手段を実行中、前記モータ起動スィ ツチが ONにされたことをもって前記モータへの通電を開始するように前記モータ制 御部を制御することができる。
[0014] 更に具体的には、
前記主制御部は、前記第 1、第 2、第 3の制御手段のそれぞれの実行時には、その 制御状態に応じて、発光素子を異なる色、及び Z又は、異なる点灯方法により前記 表示制御を行うことができる。
[0015] 又、前記主制御部は、前記第 1の制御手段の実行にともなって、前記モータの負荷 電流が所定の基準値以上にあり、かつ、モータ供給電圧が所定値になったとき、その モータ供給電圧によるモータ駆動を所定時間保持する第 4の制御手段を有する構成 にすることができる。
[0016] 具体的には、前記主制御部は、前記モータ供給電圧の所定値を、前記モータが口 ック状態になっても焼損等に至らない値に設定することができる。
[0017] 更に具体的には、前記主制御部は、前記第 4の制御手段の実行に際し、前記モー タの負荷電流が前記基準値を下回るとき、前記第 2の制御手段により前記モータに 供給する電圧を徐々に上げて通常の給電にすることができる。
[0018] 更に又、前記固定手段は、前記モータを含む本体を、電磁力により被加工物に固 定するマグネットであり、該主制御部は該マグネットに通電が行われて 、ることに基づ いて該モータ制御部により該モータを回転駆動するようにすることができる。
発明を実施するための最良の形態
[0019] 以下、本発明に係る可搬式ボール盤の実施の一形態である磁気ボール盤にっき、 図 1〜図 4を用いて説明する。図 1は、本発明に係る磁気ボール盤の外観を示す外 観図、図 2は、その制御の構成を示すブロック図である。磁気ボール盤 1は、本体 2と 、チャック 3に保持された刃物を、ハンドル 4の回動操作により被加工物に対して前後 進可能なように支持する支持部 6とから成っている。又、磁気ボール盤 1は、例えば、 100Vの交流電源 10を電源とするモータ 12と、モータ制御及びその状態の表示を制 御する主制御部 14と、通電時に所定の磁力を発生するマグネット(MG) 16と、交流 電源 10を全波整流して得た直流出力をマグネット 16に供給する全波整流器 18と、 マグネット 16の断線を検出する MG断線検出部 20と、交流電源 10を所定の低電圧 に変圧する降圧トランス 22と、降圧トランス 22の低電圧出力からゼロクロスを検出す るゼロクロス検出部 24と、主制御部 14等に直流電源を供給する直流電源部 26と、モ ータ 12の回転を制御するモータ制御部 28と、モータ 12に流れる電流を検出する電 流検出部 30と、電流検出部 30による検出信号を増幅する信号増幅部 32と、主制御 部 14に接続されて LEDに警告表示を行う表示部 34と、磁気ボール盤 1の全体の電 源を ONZOFFする電源スィッチ 36と、モータ 12への通電を ONとするモータ起動ス イッチ 38と、モータ 12への通電を OFFとするモータ停止スィッチ 40とを備えている。
[0020] 主制御部 14は、例えば、 CPU及び AZDコンバータを内蔵した 1チップマイクロコ ンピュータからなる PIC (Peripheral Interface Controller)であり、内蔵の ROM14aに は、図 3に示すような処理を実行するプログラムが格納されている。利用できる PICと して、例えば、 MICROTIP TECHNOLOGY社の PICシリーズ等がある。
[0021] マグネット 16は、全波整流器 18から直流電源が印加されることにより、磁気ボール 盤 1の本体を被加工物等に固定しうる磁気吸引力を発生可能なコア及び卷線を有す る構成であり、磁気ボール盤 1の台座部等に組み込まれている。
[0022] MG断線検出部 20は、マグネット 16の断線警報が行えるように、マグネット 16への
通電の有無を検出し、マグネット 16の電源供給用スィッチの動作に連動して断線を 検知する回路を有している。
[0023] 降圧トランス 22は、交流電源 10に接続された 1次卷線と、ゼロクロス検出部 24及び 直流電源部 26に低電圧の交流電圧を供給する二次卷線とを有する小電力のトラン スである。
[0024] ゼロクロス検出部 24は、交流電源 10の正弦波形が 0レベルになるタイミングをフォト 力ブラ等を用いて検出して主制御部 14に通知する回路構成になっている。
[0025] 直流電源部 26は、降圧トランス 22の二次卷線の出力を全波整流器、及び全波整 流器で全波整流した直流出力を平滑及び安定化する平滑回路及び電圧安定化回 路を備えて構成されており、生成した直流出力を主制御部 14及びその他の回路に 供給する。
[0026] モータ制御部 28は、例えば、半導体制御素子の 1つであるトライアツクと、そのゲー トを制御する制御回路とを備えて構成されている。
[0027] 電流検出部 30は、例えば、モータ 12に直列接続された CT (変流器)を用いて構成 されており、その検出信号は、演算増幅器を用いて構成された信号増幅部 32により 増幅され、主制御部 14に送られる。尚、主制御部 14に送られた検出信号は、主制御 部 14に内蔵された AZDコンバータでデジタル値に変換される。
[0028] 表示部 34は、発光素子、例えば、 1つで緑色、黄色及び赤色を発光可能な LEDを 備えており、この LEDは主制御部 14の制御により、上記表示色のいずれ力 1つによ る発光のほか、連続点灯、長周期の点滅点灯、短周期の点滅点灯等の点灯モード が可能になっている。本実施の形態においては、以下の点灯モードが表示部 34に 用意されている。
[0029] パターン 1 :緑色点灯 (運転中)
パターン 2 :赤色点灯 (警報)
パターン 3 :黄色点灯 (警告)
パターン 4:赤色高速点滅 (警報)
パターン 5 :緑色点滅 (警報)
パターン NG:赤色点滅 (警報)
[0030] 図 3は、磁気ボール盤 1の動作を示すフローチャートであり、図 4は、図 3に続く処理 を示すフローチャートである。図 3において、ステップ S101〜S107は、マグネット 16 への通電及び通電確認の処理を示し、ステップ S201〜S213は、モータ 12の通常 動作の処理を示して ヽる。又、図 4【こお!ヽて、ステップ S301〜S309iま、モータ 12の 過負荷動作時の処理を示している。なお、ステップ S303, S304は、過負荷時間の 計測処理を示している。更に、以下の処理において用いられる基準値 Vrefは 4種類 であり、 Vrefl >Vref2>Vref3 >Vref4の関係にある。
[0031] まず、主制御部 14は、電源スィッチ 36による電源 ONの有無を判定し(S101)、電 源 ONを判定できない場合は待機し、電源 ONである場合 (S101 :yes)、マグネット 1 6に通電する(S102)。次に、主制御部 14は、マグネット 16に通電が行われているか 否かを MG断線検出部 20の出力に基づ ヽて判定し (S 103)、 MG断線検出部 20の 出力が NGでな!/、場合、すなわち通電が確認されれば(S 103: no)表示部 34の LE Dに緑色を点灯させ(S104)、又、通電が確認できないとき(S103 :yes)には表示部 34の LEDに赤色点滅を点灯させる(S105)。ユーザーは、この点灯により異常を知 ることができ、電源 OFF、点検等の処置が可能になる。次に、主制御部 14は、電源 スィッチ 36により電源 OFFにされたか否かを判定し(S 106)、電源 OFFが確認され れば(S 106 : yes)処理を終了する(END)。又、電源 OFFでなければ(S 106 : no)、 モータ起動スィッチ 38が ONであるか否かを判定し(S 107)、スィッチ ONであれば( S107 :yes)、モータ制御部 28を動作させてモータ 12を起動する(S201)。モータ起 動スィッチ 38の ONが確認されない場合(S107 :no)、主制御部 14は、処理をステツ プ S 103へ戻して以降の処理を実行する。
[0032] 主制御部 14は、モータ制御部 28を動作させて、所定の通電角による位相制御によ り、モータ 12を回転駆動する。この場合、主制御部 14は、ゼロクロス検出部 24による ゼロクロスのパルス信号を外部割り込み信号にして、モータ制御部 28によるモータ制 御を半サイクル毎に起動する処理を実行する。その後、 MG断線検出部 20の出力に 基づいて、マグネット 16に通電が行われているか否かを再度判定し(S202)、通電 が確認されれば(S202 :no)、表示部 34の LEDに緑色を点灯させ(S203)、又、通 電が確認できないとき(S202 :yes)には表示部 34の LEDに赤色点滅を点灯させる(
S212)。次に、主制御部 14は、マグネット 16の通電中を確認すると、電流検出部 30 及び信号増幅部 32による負荷電流の検出値 (負荷電流値 IL)の読み込みを実行す る(S204)。
[0033] 次に、主制御部 14は、モータ停止スィッチ 40が操作された力否かを判定し (S205 )、モータ停止スィッチ 40が操作されていれば、モータ 12への通電を断って(S213) 、処理をステップ S 103へ戻す。又、モータ停止スィッチ 40が操作されていなければ 、主制御部 14は、取り込んだ負荷電流値 ILが基準値 Vreflを超えているカゝ否かを判 定する(S207)。ここで、基準値 Vreflは、モータ 12を直ちに停止すべきレベル、即 ち過負荷にある力否かを判定する基準の電流値である。
[0034] ステップ S207において、(IL≤ Vrefl)が判定されたとき、即ち、過負荷ではない場 合 (S207 :no)、主制御部 14は、次に、負荷電流値 ILと基準値 Vref2を比較する(S 208)。ここで、基準値 Vref2は、モータ 12を停止する必要はないものの高負荷に相 当する電流値である。ステップ S208で (IL>Vref2)が判定されたとき(S208 :yes)、 主制御部 14は、表示部 34の LEDに赤色を点灯させて過負荷になる可能性があるこ とをユーザーに警報し(S210)、その後、処理をステップ S 204へ移行し、以降の処 理を実行する。
[0035] 一方、ステップ S208で (lL≤Vref2)が判定されたとき(S208 :no)、主制御部 14は 、負荷電流値 ILと基準値 Vref3を比較する(S209)。ここで、基準値 Vref3は、通常の 負荷運転であるか否かを判定するための基準となる電流値である。主制御部 14は、 (lL>Vref3)を判定したとき (S209 :yes)、表示部 34の LEDに黄色を点灯させて負 荷が大きいことをユーザーに警告し (S211)、その後、処理をステップ S204へ移行さ せる。又、主制御部 14は、(IL≤Vref3)を判定したときは(S209 :no)、通常の負荷 状態であるので表示部 34は動作させず、処理をステップ S203へ移行して以降の処 理を実行する。
[0036] ステップ S207で(IL> Vrefl)が判定されたとき(S207 :yes)、主制御部 14は、過 負荷状態を回避するために、モータ 12に供給する電圧を強制的に下げる制御を実 行する(図 4の S301)。次に、主制御部 14は、表示部 34の LEDに赤色を高速に点 滅点灯させ (S302)、モータ駆動力を変更したことをユーザーに警告する。更に、主
制御部 14は、ゼロクロス検出部 24からゼロクロス信号を取り込み、ゼロクロスカウント を開始し(S303)、ついで、ステップ S303によるゼロクロスカウント数と設定値 n (ゼロ クロスカウント数を n数えると、過負荷となってカゝら例えば数秒経ったこととなる)とを比 較する(S304)。
[0037] 主制御部 14は、ステップ S304において、(ゼロクロスカウント数≥n)が不成立のと き(S304 :no)、負荷電流値 ILと基準値 Vref4を比較する(S305)。ここで、基準値 V ref4は、電流検出部 30及び信号増幅部 32によって過負荷が検出され、ー且供給電 圧を強制低下した後に負荷が軽減された力否かを判定するための基準となる電流値 である。主制御部 14は、ステップ S305において(ILく Vref4)が判定されると(S305 : yes)、モータ供給電圧を徐々に上げる制御(モータ供給電圧ソフト UP)をモータ制 御部 28に対して行い(S306)、その後、処理を図 3のステップ S201へ移行させる。 ステップ S306の制御により、モータ 12が急回転するのを防止でき、これにより操作性 及び安全性を高めることができる。
[0038] 又、主制御部 14は、ステップ S304において(ゼロクロスカウント数≥n)が成立した とき(S304 :yes)、モータ 12を完全に停止させる信号をモータ制御部 28に出し、こ れに応じてモータ制御部 28はモータ 12への給電を停止する(S307)。ついで、主制 御部 14は、表示部 34の LEDに緑色を点滅させ (S308)、モータ 12が一時的に強制 停止されたことをユーザーに警告する。更に、主制御部 14は、モータ起動スィッチ 3 8が ONになったか否かを判定し(S309)、モータ起動スィッチ 38が ONであれば(S 309 :yes)、図 3のステップ S201へ移行してモータ通常動作のための制御を実行す る。このように、過負荷後における一定時間経過後は、ユーザーがモータ起動スイツ チ 38を操作しなければ、モータ 12は起動しないため、安全性が高められる。又、モ ータ起動スィッチ 38が OFF (S309 : no)であればステップ S307へ移行して以降の 処理を実行する。
[0039] 以上の制御により、磁気ボール盤 1における作業性の向上、ドリル等の刃物の破損 防止、モータの焼損防止、安全性の向上等が可能になる。
[0040] 図 5は、本発明に係る可搬式ボール盤の第 2の実施の形態である磁気ボール盤の 処理を示すフローチャートであり、図 6は、図 5に続く処理を示すフローチャートである
。なお、図 5及び図 6においては、図 3及び図 4に示したステップと同一処理内容であ るステップには、同一番号を付している。
[0041] まず、主制御部 14は、図 5のステップ S101において電源スィッチ 36による電源 O Nの有無を判定し、電源 ONを判定できない場合は待機し、電源 ONである場合には マグネット 16に通電する(S102)。続いて主制御部 14はマグネット 16への通電が行 われて!/、るか否かを判定し(S 103)、マグネット 16への通電が確認されな!、場合(S 1 03 : no)に表示部 34の LEDに赤色点滅を点灯させる(S105)ことは図 3に示す実施 の形態の場合と同様である。図 5に示す実施の形態において、マグネット 16への通 電が確認されると(S103 :no)、交流電源 10の周波数が 50Hzか 60Hzかを判別す るステップ (S108)に移る。具体的には、ゼロクロス検出部 24により検出されたゼロク ロス数を 0. 2秒間に計数した値力 電源周波数を判別する。
[0042] 次に、主制御部 14は、表示部 34の LEDを緑色点灯させ(S 104)、電源スィッチ 36 により電源が OFFにされたか否かを判定し(S 106)、電源 OFFが確認されれば(S1 06 : yes)処理を終了する(END)。又、電源 OFFでなければ(S 106 : no)、モータ起 動スィッチ 38が ONであるか否かを判定し(S 107)、スィッチ ONでない場合(S 107 : no)には処理をステップ 103へ戻す。
[0043] ステップ S107においてスィッチ ONが確認された場合(S107 :yes)には、モータの 通常動作のループに移行する。すなわち、図 3で説明したのと同様に、主制御部 14 はモータ制御部 28を動作させて、モータ 12を起動する(S201)。その後、マグネット 16への通電を判定し(S202)、通電が確認されれば(S202 :no)、表示部 34の LE Dに緑色を点灯させ(S203)、又、通電が確認できないとき(S202 :yes)には表示部 34の LEDに赤色点滅を点灯させる(S212)。マグネット 16への通電が確認されると 、続いて主制御部 14は負荷電流値 ILを読み込み(S 204)、モータ停止スィッチ 40 が操作されたか否かの判定を行う(S205)。モータ停止スィッチ 40が操作されていれ ば(S205 :yes)、モータ 12を停止させて(S213)処理をステップ S103へ戻す。モー タ停止スィッチ 40の操作がなければ (S205 :no)、主制御部 14は、読み込んだ負荷 電流値 ILと基準値 Vrefの比較処理を行う(S207〜S209)。ステップ S207で基準と する Vreflは、モータ 12が過負荷にあるか否かを判定する電流値であり、 (lL≤Vref
1)が判定されたとき、即ち、過負荷ではない場合、主制御部 14は、次に、負荷電流 値 ILと基準値 Vref2を比較する(S208)。ここで、基準値 Vref2は、モータ 12を停止 する必要はないものの高負荷に相当する電流値である。ステップ S208で (IL>Vref
2)が判定されたとき、主制御部 14は、表示部 34の LEDに赤色を点灯させて過負荷 になる可能性があることをユーザーに警報し(S210)、その後、処理をステップ S204 へ移行し、以降の処理を実行する。
[0044] 一方、ステップ S208で(IL≤ Vref2)が判定されたとき(S208 :no)、主制御部 14は 、負荷電流値 ILと基準値 Vref3を比較する(S209)。ここで、基準値 Vref3は、通常の 負荷運転であるか否かを判定するための基準となる電流値である。主制御部 14は、 (lL>Vref3)を判定したとき (S209 :yes)、表示部 34の LEDに黄色を点灯させて負 荷が大きいことをユーザーに警告し (S211)、その後、処理をステップ S204へ移行さ せる。又、主制御部 14は、(IL≤Vref3)を判定したとき(S209 :no)、通常の負荷状 態であるので表示部 34は動作させず、処理をステップ S 203へ移行し、以降の処理 を実行する。
[0045] そして、ステップ 207で負荷電流が基準値 Vreflを超えたことが判定されると(S207
: yes)、主制御部 14は、図 6のモータ過負荷時動作の処理を実行する。まず、主制 御部 14は、過負荷状態を回避するために、モータ 12に供給する電圧を、例えば、モ ータ 12がロック状態になっても焼損等のおそれのない供給電圧 X% (例えば、定格 の 35%)に数秒間(例えば、 4秒間)かけて徐々に下げる制御を実行し (S310)表示 部 34の LEDに赤色を高速に点滅点灯させて(S302)、モータ駆動力を変更したこと をユーザーに警告する。
[0046] 次に、主制御部 14は、負荷電流値 ILと基準値 Vref4を比較する(S311)。ここで Vr ef4は、モータ 12が過負荷状態であると判定された後に、負荷が軽減された力否かを 判断するための基準値であって、 ILく Vref4が判定されたとき(S311 :yes)、処理を ステップ 306へ移行し、モータ供給電圧を徐々に上げる制御を実行する。又、 IL≥V ref4が判定されたときは(S311 :no)、ステップ S310の制御が完了したか否力 すな わちモータ供給電圧力 %に下がった力否かを判定する(S312)。モータ供給電圧 カ¾%に下がっていないとき(S312 :no)、処理をステップ S310に戻して、以降の処
理を実行する。モータ供給電圧カ¾%にまで下がると(S312 :yes)、主制御部 14は 、モータ供給電圧力 %を維持するようにモータ制御部 28を制御する(S313)。
[0047] 次に、主制御部 14は、モータ供給電圧を X%にしたモータ制御が所定時間(例え ば、数秒)経過した力否かを判定するためゼロクロス信号をゼロクロス検出部 24から 取り込んでゼロクロスカウントを行う(S303)。次に、主制御部 14は、ステップ S303に よるゼロクロスカウント数と設定値 nとを比較し (S304)、(ゼロクロスカウント数≥n)が 不成立のときは(S304 :no)、続いて IL<Vref4を判定する(S305)。
[0048] 主制御部 14は、(IL≥Vref4)のとき(S305 :no)、処理をステップ S313へ戻して、 モータ供給電圧を X%に保持する処理を継続する。又、(ILく Vref4>)のとき(S30 5 : yes)は、モータ 12が過負荷状態であると判定された後に負荷が軽減された状態 であるので、主制御部 14は、モータ供給電圧を徐々に上げる制御をモータ制御部 2 8に対して行う(S306)。更に、主制御部 14は、モータ供給電圧が 100%に到達した か否かを判定し(S315)、 100%に到達していなければ、処理をステップ S306に戻 してモータ供給電圧を徐々に上げる制御をモータ制御部 28に対して行い、 100%に 到達していれば、図 5のステップ S 201へ移行して、以降の処理を実行する。
[0049] 又、主制御部 14は、(ゼロクロスカウント数≥n)が成立したとき(S304 :yes)、すな わち所定時間が経過したときは、モータ 12への給電を停止(S307)させた後、表示 部 34の LEDに緑色を点滅させ (S308)、モータ 12が一時的に強制停止されたこと をユーザーに警告する。更に、主制御部: L4は、モータ起動スィッチ 38が ONにされ たか否かを判定し(S309)、モータ起動スィッチ 38が ONであれば(S309 :yes)、図 5のステップ S201へ移行してモータの通常動作のための制御を実行する。又、モー タ起動スィッチ 38が OFFであれば(S309 : no)、ステップ S307へ移行して以降の処 理を実行する。
[0050] 上記の通り、第 2の実施の形態に係る処理によれば、ステップ S310によってモータ 供給電圧を徐々に下げるので、モータの慣性力を弱め、刃物の刃先の損傷を防止 することができる。また、第 1の実施の形態と同様であるが、負荷電流値 ILが基準値 Vref4より大きい状態では、ステップ S312、 S313により、モータ供給電圧が所定値 に固定され、その後に過負荷状態に応じてモータ停止または通常制御が実行される
ため、モータ 12を完全停止させるステップ S307の処理が実行されたとしても、既に 慣性力は弱まっているため、刃物の刃先の損傷が防止される。更に、第 1の実施の 形態と同様に、磁気ボール盤における作業性の向上及びモータの焼損防止等が可 會 になる。
[0051] 以上、本発明に係る磁気ボール盤の実施の形態を示した力 主制御部 14は、 PIC に限定されるものではなぐ図 3の処理を実行する回路を専用に設計した ICや回路 であってもよい。又、モータ制御部 28は、半導体制御素子に回路構成の簡略ィ匕に適 したトライアツクを用いた力 他の素子、例えば、 GTO (ゲートターン OFFサイリスタ) 、IGBT (ゲート絶縁形バイポーラトランジスタ)等を用いた構成にすることもできる。
[0052] 更に、磁気ボール盤 1に横ずれ等が生じたことを検出する加速度センサを設け、横 ずれ等の発生を警報する様にしてもよい。又、 1つの LEDにより警報 Z警告を行うも のとしたが、緑 (または青)、赤、黄色 (または橙)の単色光を発光する LEDを 3つ用い た構成であってもよい。また、 LEDに代えて、警告を表す文字メッセージ、絵文字等 を液晶表示器等に表示させる構成であってもよい。或いは、発光素子に代えて、音 響 (警報 Z警告音、音声メッセージ等)により行う構成にすることもできる。更に、図 5 のステップ S108の処理は、図 3のステップ S103と S104の間に追加することもできる 図面の簡単な説明
[0053] [図 1]本発明に係る一実施形態である磁気ボール盤の外観を示す外観図である。
[図 2]本発明に係る磁気ボール盤の構成を示すブロック図である。
[図 3]本発明に係る磁気ボール盤の動作を示すフローチャートである。
[図 4]図 3の処理に続く処理を示すフローチャートである。
[図 5]本発明に係る他の実施形態である磁気ボール盤の動作を示すフローチャート である。
[図 6]図 5の処理に続く処理を示すフローチャートである。
符号の説明
[0054] 1 磁気ボール盤
2 本体
チャック ハンドル 支持部
交流電源 モータ
主制御部a ROM
マグネット MG断線検出部 降圧トランス ゼロクロス検出部 モータ制御部 電流検出部 信号増幅部 表示部
電源スィッチ モータ起動スィッチ モータ停止スィッチ
Claims
[1] ドリル等の刃物を回転する駆動源であるモータと、
前記モータを含む本体を被加工物に固定する固定手段と、
モータ起動スィッチが ONにされた状態にあるときに基づ!/、て前記モータを回転駆 動するモータ制御部と、
前記モータ制御部を制御する主制御部と
を備える可搬式ボール盤にお 、て、
前記主制御部は、前記モータが過負荷状態になったときに前記モータに供給する 電力を下げるように前記モータ制御部を制御する第 1の制御手段と、
前記過負荷状態が解消されたときに通常の給電を行うように前記モータ制御部を 制御する第 2の制御手段と、
を有することを特徴とする可搬式ボール盤。
[2] 前記第 1の制御手段は、前記モータが過負荷状態になったときに、前記モータに供 給する電圧を徐々に下げるようにすることを特徴とする請求項 1に記載の可搬式ボー ル盤。
[3] 前記第 2の制御手段は、前記過負荷状態が解消されたときに、前記モータに供給 する電圧を徐々に上げて通常の給電状態にすることを特徴とする請求項 1に記載の 可搬式ボール盤。
[4] 前記主制御部は、前記過負荷状態が解消されずに所定時間継続したときには、前 記モータへの給電を停止するように前記モータ制御部を制御する第 3の制御手段を 有することを特徴とする請求項 1に記載の可搬式ボール盤。
[5] 前記主制御部は、前記第 3の制御手段を実行中、前記モータ起動スィッチが ON にされたことをもって前記モータへの通電を開始するように前記モータ制御部を制御 することを特徴とする請求項 4に記載の可搬式ボール盤。
[6] 前記主制御部は、前記第 1,第 2,第 3の制御手段のそれぞれの実行時には、その 制御状態に応じて、発光素子を異なる色、及び Z又は、異なる点灯方法により前記 表示制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項 4に記載の可搬式ボール盤。
[7] 前記主制御部は、前記第 1の制御手段の実行にともなって、前記モータの負荷電
流が所定の基準値以上にあり、かつ、モータ供給電圧が所定値になったとき、そのモ ータ供給電圧によるモータ駆動を所定時間保持する第 4の制御手段を有することを 特徴とする請求項 1乃至 6のいずれかに記載の可搬式ボール盤。
[8] 前記主制御部は、前記モータ供給電圧の所定値を、前記モータがロック状態にな つても焼損等に至らない値に設定することを特徴とする請求項 7に記載の可搬式ボ ール盤。
[9] 前記主制御部は、前記第 4の制御手段の実行に際し、前記モータの負荷電流が前 記基準値を下回るとき、前記第 2の制御手段により前記モータに供給する電圧を徐 々に上げて通常の給電にすることを特徴とする請求項 8に記載の可搬式ボール盤。
[10] 前記固定手段は、前記モータを含む本体を、電磁力により被加工物に固定するマ グネットであり、該主制御部は該マグネットに通電が行われて 、ることに基づ ヽて該モ ータ制御部により該モータを回転駆動することを特徴とする請求項 1乃至 9のいずれ かに記載の可搬式ボール盤。
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US12/159,174 US7936142B2 (en) | 2005-12-26 | 2006-12-13 | Portable drilling device |
EP06834598.2A EP1967305B1 (en) | 2005-12-26 | 2006-12-13 | Portable drilling machine |
CN200680049395.8A CN101346204B (zh) | 2005-12-26 | 2006-12-13 | 移动式钻床 |
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JP2005373095 | 2005-12-26 | ||
JP2005-373095 | 2005-12-26 | ||
JP2006066475A JP4628980B6 (ja) | 2005-12-26 | 2006-03-10 | 可搬式ボール盤 |
JP2006-066475 | 2006-03-10 |
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WO2007074647A1 true WO2007074647A1 (ja) | 2007-07-05 |
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US (1) | US7936142B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1967305B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101346204B (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200732070A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007074647A1 (ja) |
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- 2006-12-13 CN CN200680049395.8A patent/CN101346204B/zh active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4628980B2 (ja) | 2011-02-09 |
US7936142B2 (en) | 2011-05-03 |
CN101346204A (zh) | 2009-01-14 |
CN101346204B (zh) | 2010-12-29 |
EP1967305B1 (en) | 2014-11-26 |
EP1967305A4 (en) | 2009-01-07 |
EP1967305A1 (en) | 2008-09-10 |
TWI347867B (ja) | 2011-09-01 |
US20090196696A1 (en) | 2009-08-06 |
JP2007196362A (ja) | 2007-08-09 |
TW200732070A (en) | 2007-09-01 |
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