WO2007045173A1

WO2007045173A1 - An assembly type open caisson and a marine engineering structure

Info

Publication number: WO2007045173A1
Application number: PCT/CN2006/002765
Authority: WO
Inventors: Zhenxin Chen; Ze Chen; Yubing Xu
Original assignee: Zhenxin Chen; Ze Chen; Yubing Xu
Priority date: 2005-10-19
Filing date: 2006-10-19
Publication date: 2007-04-26
Also published as: WO2007045173B1

Abstract

An assembly type open caisson and a marine engineering structure, wherein: the open caisson is formed by arranging several joined body units, the units comprises a pile drived into sea bed and a caisson framework located on the pile and exposed above water surface, and rubble stones (5) are filled in the caisson framework. The marine engineering structure comprises a foundation platform formed by arranging several joined body units with equal distances, the units comprises a pile drived into sea bed and a caisson framework located on the pile and exposed above water surface, and rubble stones (5) are filled in the caisson framework. The units have two types of structures that are a pile-slab joined body (4) and a slab-slab joined body (30) respectively.

Description

装配式无底开口沉箱和海工工程结构技术领域 Assembled bottomless caisson and offshore engineering structure

本发明涉及海工工程的建造结构，尤其涉及装配式无底开口沉箱和海工工程结构。背景技术 The present invention relates to the construction of offshore engineering, and more particularly to a fabricated bottomless open caisson and offshore engineering structure. Background technique

传统的沉箱由于常采用重达数百至数千吨重的大构件，其预制、运输和安装都比较复杂，造价昂贵。因此，公开日为 2003年 3月 12日、申请号为 02135334.4的中国专利申请公幵了一种水下建筑构件及其安装和使用方法，提供了一种釆用数吨重的小构件插接构成开口沉箱，再根据需要无限加长，不仅构件重量较小，且易于安装。 Conventional caissons often use large components weighing hundreds to thousands of tons, and their prefabrication, transportation and installation are complicated and expensive. Therefore, the Chinese Patent Application No. 02135334.4, published on March 12, 2003, discloses an underwater building component and its installation and use method, and provides a small component plugging with several tons of weight. It forms an open caisson and is infinitely lengthened as needed. Not only is the component small in weight, but it is easy to install.

但是，该技术仍然有不足之处，主要有： However, the technology still has shortcomings, mainly:

1、进海路中的管线、电缆沟占据了道路空间，使工程造价增高； 1. The pipelines and cable trenches entering the sea road occupy the road space, which increases the project cost;

2、现有的路基平台的结构透水性较差，不符合环保要求； 2. The structure of the existing subgrade platform is poor in water permeability and does not meet environmental protection requirements;

3、目前人工岛（海堤）的水下基础是透水的，易将人工岛（海堤）填土冲刷流失，而且，人工岛的墙体是直立式的，越浪海水易将人工岛内填土冲刷漏失，在风浪的反复作用下，岛墙倒塌，造成事故。 3. At present, the underwater foundation of the artificial island (seawall) is permeable, and it is easy to wash away the artificial island (seawall). Moreover, the wall of the artificial island is upright, and the seawater in the sea is easy to be in the artificial island. The landfill washed away and lost. Under the repeated action of the wind and waves, the island wall collapsed, causing an accident.

另外，常规海工工程防波堤的建造使用大构件造价高，且沙石斜坡堤上压放消浪块体整体性差，容易损坏；倒滤层易被风浪淘刷损坏。发明内容 In addition, the construction of conventional offshore engineering breakwaters is costly with large components, and the bulk of the wave-reducing blocks on the sandstone slopes is poorly integrated and easily damaged; the filter layer is easily damaged by wind and waves. Summary of the invention

本发明的目的在于，克服现有技术中的上述种种不足，从而提供结构简单、设计合理的装配式无底开口沉箱和进海路、防波堤、重力式码头、人工岛或海堤的护岸结构等海工工程结构。 The object of the present invention is to overcome the above various deficiencies in the prior art, thereby providing a seabed, a seawall, a breakwater, a gravity wharf, an artificial island or a seawall revetment structure, which has a simple structure and a reasonable design. Engineering structure.

为实现本发明的主要目的，本发明提供的一种装配式无底开口沉箱，其特征在于，该装配式无底幵口沉箱由若千联体单元闭合排列构成，所述联体单元包括：用于打入海床的桩部和位于该桩部上方的至水面之上的箱体框架，所述箱体框架内充填毛石。遇硬地基时，可以去掉用于打入海床的桩部长度。 In order to achieve the main object of the present invention, the present invention provides a fabricated bottomless open caisson, wherein the assembled bottomless caisson is formed by a closed arrangement of a thousand joint units, and the joint unit includes: a pile portion for driving into the seabed and a tank frame above the water portion above the pile portion, the box frame being filled with masonry. In the case of hard foundations, the length of the pile used to break into the seabed can be removed.

作为一种优选，装配式无底开口沉箱的所述联体单元包括：板板联体和基础桩，所述板板联体至少与一根基础桩配合使用，所述基础桩部周围的水下地基表面撒垫碎石垫层；所述板板联体包括迎浪面板、背浪面板和位于迎浪面板和背浪面板之间的用于固定连接迎浪面板和背浪面板的横板；所述板板联体的截面呈直角梯形，其中，迎浪面板呈斜面设置，背浪面板垂直设置；相邻的两板板联体之间的接缝处进行防漏处理，在板板联体的间隙中水下现浇混凝土，形成不透水墙体。 Preferably, the joint unit of the assembled bottomless caisson comprises: a slab joint and a foundation pile, the slab joint being used at least with a foundation pile, water surrounding the foundation pile a gravel cushion is placed on the surface of the lower foundation; the panel joint includes a wave front panel, a back wave panel, and is located between the front wave panel and the back wave panel The cross plate for fixedly connecting the wave front panel and the back wave panel; the cross section of the board and board joint is a right angle trapezoid, wherein the front wave panel is inclined, the back wave panel is vertically disposed; the adjacent two boards are connected Leak-proof treatment is carried out at the joint between the bodies, and concrete is poured under the gap of the plate-and-board joint to form a water-tight wall.

进一步地，所述联体单元还包括：桩板联体、带肋挡板和定位梁；所述桩板联体包括桩，和一体形成在桩的上半部分的板；所述定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体顶端相适应的开叉挡板，每一个定位梁两端的开叉挡板，一端卡合于桩板联体顶端外侧的桩上，另一端卡合于板板联体背浪面板上，锁定板板联体和桩板联体的上宽；所述的相邻的两组桩板联体顶部和定位梁之间卡座有带肋挡板，一起形成箱体框架的迎浪面板。 Further, the joint unit further includes: a pile plate joint body, a ribbed baffle plate and a positioning beam; the pile plate joint body includes a pile, and a plate integrally formed on the upper half of the pile; The two ends are provided with a split baffle adapted to the top end of the pile-plate joint body, and the split baffle at each end of the positioning beam is fastened at one end to the pile on the outer side of the top end of the pile-plate joint body, and the other end is engaged with the plate plate On the combined back wave panel, the upper width of the locking plate joint and the pile plate joint; the adjacent two sets of pile plate joint top and the positioning beam between the decks have ribbed baffles, together form a box The wave front panel of the body frame.

再进一步，所述联体单元还进一步包括下定位梁，该下定位梁的两端设有与桩部大小相适应的幵孔；下定位梁两端的开孔分别套置在对应的桩板联体的桩上和板板联体的基础桩上锁定联体单元的下宽。所述横板上可设有供穿越钢筋的预留孔。 Further, the joint unit further includes a lower positioning beam, the two ends of the lower positioning beam are provided with the pupils corresponding to the size of the pile; the openings at the two ends of the lower positioning beam are respectively placed on the corresponding pile plates The lower width of the joint unit is locked on the pile on the body and on the foundation pile of the plate and plate. The horizontal plate may be provided with a reserved hole for passing through the steel bar.

作为又一种优选方案，所述联体单元为桩板联体单元，每个桩板联体单元包括：桩板联体和带肋挡板各两个，定位梁和下定位梁各一个；所述桩板联体包括桩，和一体形成在桩的上半部分的板；所述定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体顶端相适应的开叉挡板，每一个定位梁两端的开叉挡板分别卡合于相对安装的桩板联体顶端外侧的桩上，锁定桩板联体单元的上宽；所述下定位梁沿海底表面水平布置；所述下定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体的桩大小相适应的开孔；每一个下定位梁两端的开孔分别套置在相对安装的桩板联体的桩上，锁定桩板联体单元的下宽；所述的桩板联体顶部和定位梁之间卡座有带肋挡板，一起形成箱体框架的迎浪面板和背浪面板。 As a further preferred solution, the joint unit is a pile-plate joint unit, and each pile-plate joint unit comprises: a pile-plate joint body and a ribbed baffle plate, and a positioning beam and a lower positioning beam; The pile-slab joint comprises a pile, and a plate integrally formed on the upper half of the pile; the two ends of the positioning beam are provided with a split baffle adapted to the top end of the pile-plate joint, and the ends of each of the positioning beams are The split baffle is respectively engaged with the pile on the outer side of the opposite end of the assembled pile plate joint, and the upper part of the lock pile plate joint unit is horizontally arranged; the bottom bottom surface of the lower positioning beam is horizontally arranged; An opening corresponding to the pile size of the pile-plate joint body is provided; the opening holes at the two ends of each lower positioning beam are respectively placed on the piles of the oppositely mounted pile-slab joint body, and the lower width of the joint pile-seat unit is locked; The bracket between the top of the pile-slab joint and the positioning beam has a ribbed baffle, which together form a wave front panel and a back wave panel of the box frame.

本发明的又一目的在于，提供一种路基平台，其特征在于，该路基平台由若千联体单元沿工程延伸方向等距排列构成，所述联体单元包括：用于打入海床的桩部和位于该桩部上方的至水面之上的箱体框架；所述箱体框架中间充填毛石，利用毛石的主动土压力，将构件互相锁定，构建成露出水面的路基平台。 A further object of the present invention is to provide a roadbed platform, wherein the roadbed platform is formed by equidistantly arranging a thousand joint units along an engineering extension direction, and the joint unit comprises: for driving into the seabed. a pile portion and a box frame above the pile portion above the water surface; the box frame is filled with masonry in the middle, and the members are locked with each other by the active earth pressure of the stone to form a roadbed platform exposed to the water surface.

优选地，所述联体单元为桩板联体单元，所述桩板联体单元沿工程延伸方向等距布置；每个桩板联体单元包括：桩板联体和带肋挡板各两个、定位梁和下定位梁各一个；所述桩板联体包括桩，和一体形成在桩的上半部分的板；所述定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体顶端相适应的开叉挡板，每一个定位梁两端的开叉挡板分别卡合于相对安装的桩板联体顶端外侧的桩上，锁定桩板联体单元的上宽；所述下定位梁沿海底表面，垂直工程延伸方向水平布置；所述下定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体的桩大小相适应的幵孔；每一个下定位梁两端的开孔分别套置在相对安装的桩板联体的桩上，锁定桩板联体单元的下宽；所述的桩板联体顶部和定位梁之间卡座有带肋挡板，一起形成箱体框架的迎浪面板和背浪面板。 Preferably, the joint unit is a pile-plate joint unit, and the pile-plate joint units are arranged equidistantly along an engineering extension direction; each pile-plate joint unit comprises: a pile-plate joint body and a ribbed baffle body respectively One of the positioning beam and the lower positioning beam; the pile-slab joint includes a pile, and a plate integrally formed in the upper half of the pile; the two ends of the positioning beam are provided to be adapted to the top end of the pile-plate joint a split baffle, the split baffle at each end of each positioning beam is respectively engaged with the pile on the outer side of the top end of the oppositely mounted pile plate joint, and the upper part of the lock pile plate joint unit is wide; the bottom bottom surface of the lower positioning beam The vertical direction of the vertical engineering is horizontally arranged; the two ends of the lower positioning beam are provided with the pupils corresponding to the pile size of the pile-plate joint; the openings at the two ends of each lower positioning beam are respectively placed on the oppositely mounted pile boards Conjoined On the pile, the lower width of the interlocking unit of the pile plate is locked; the seat between the top of the pile plate joint and the positioning beam has a ribbed baffle, which together form a wave front panel and a back wave panel of the box frame.

进一步地，所述带肋挡板中间还开有窗口，所述桩板联体单元中充填毛石形成路基平台至水面之上且与定位梁齐平，其中，位于带肋挡板的窗口处，水平放置有圆形涵洞管于毛石中，该圆形涵洞管通过窗口与外部连通。 Further, a window is further opened in the middle of the ribbed baffle, and the pile-plate joint unit is filled with masonry to form a roadbed platform to the water surface and is flush with the positioning beam, wherein the window is located at the ribbed baffle, horizontally A circular culvert tube is placed in the stone, and the circular culvert tube communicates with the outside through the window.

在所述路基平台的基础上，进行浇筑路墙，两路墙之间加高毛石、封顶，即成重力一透空式进海路；封顶时浇筑固结消浪工字体，即成为重力一透空式防波堤；将路墙浇筑成胸墙即成重力一透空式码头。 On the basis of the roadbed platform, the pouring road wall is carried out, and the masonry and the capping are added between the two road walls, that is, the gravity-through-air type enters the sea road; when the capping is poured, the cloud-fixing font is fixed, that is, the gravity one The through-wall breakwater; the road wall is poured into a chest wall to form a gravity-through pier.

具体地，所述路基平台上方两侧浇筑混凝土路墙；两侧的路墙之间充填加高毛石后浇筑车道形成进海路；所述路墙呈 L形，其底边向路中心内侧突出。所述进海路车道的两侧分别制有管线沟和电缆套管位于路面下方；所述管线沟上端的内侧呈台阶状，相应的管线沟盖板焊接固定于凹缘上。所述路墙的上部制出直角梯形护轮槛，该直角梯形护轮槛的内侧面为斜面，呈直角的外边与路墙成一个平面。所述直角梯形护轮槛上制有钢筋混凝土标志杆。 Specifically, the concrete road wall is poured on both sides of the roadbed platform; the road walls on both sides are filled with high-stone and the pouring lane is formed into the sea road; the road wall is L-shaped, and the bottom edge protrudes toward the inner side of the road center . The two sides of the inlet lane are respectively provided with a pipeline groove and a cable sleeve located under the road surface; the inner side of the upper end of the pipeline groove is stepped, and the corresponding pipeline groove cover is welded and fixed on the concave edge. The upper part of the road wall is formed with a right angle trapezoidal guard wheel 槛, and the inner side surface of the right angle trapezoidal guard wheel sill is a sloped surface, and the outer side of the right angle is formed into a plane with the road wall. A reinforced concrete sign post is formed on the right angle trapezoidal guard wheel.

所述路基平台上方两侧浇筑混凝土路墙；所述两侧路墙之间垫填加高毛石，加高毛石上封顶后形成防波堤。所述防波堤上浇筑固结有消浪工字体。 Concrete road walls are cast on both sides of the roadbed platform; the high-tech stones are filled between the two road walls, and the breakwater is formed on the top of the stone. The wave-breaking font is fixed on the breakwater.

所述路基平台上方两侧浇筑有胸墙，所述两侧胸墙之间垫填加高毛石，加高毛石上封顶后形成码头。 A chest wall is cast on both sides of the roadbed platform, and the high-stone is filled between the two sides of the chest wall, and the pier is formed by adding the high stone.

本发明的再一目的在于，提供一种人工岛或海堤的护岸结构，其特征在于，该护岸结构由若干联体单元沿工程延伸方向等距排列构成，所述联体单元包括：用于打入海床的桩部和位于该桩部上方的至水面之上的箱体框架；所述箱体框架中间充填毛石，构建成露出水面的路基平台； A further object of the present invention is to provide a revetment structure for an artificial island or a seawall, wherein the revetment structure is formed by a plurality of joint units arranged equidistantly along an engineering extension direction, and the joint unit includes: a pile portion driven into the seabed and a box frame above the pile portion above the water surface; the box frame is filled with masonry in the middle to form a roadbed platform exposed to the water surface;

所述路基平台的迎浪面抛有护坡毛石，所述路基平台上设置有消浪部件；所述路基平台内侧还建筑有高于路基平台的下部墙体，该下部墙体上固结有挡浪板和 / 或加强垛；所述下部墙体和路基平台内侧铺设无纺布后垫填填充物；该填充物上方还建筑车道和上部墙体，所述上部墙体的两侧建造加强垛，上部墙体内侧再次垫填填充物直到岛面或堤面设计高程。所述护坡毛石上还可以压放有人工消浪块体。 The surface of the roadbed platform is thrown with slope protection stone, the roadbed platform is provided with wave-eliminating components; the inner side of the roadbed platform is also constructed with a lower wall than the roadbed platform, and the lower wall is consolidated with a wave shield and/or a reinforcing raft; a non-woven fabric pad is placed on the inner side of the lower wall and the roadbed platform to fill the filler; a lane and an upper wall are also built over the filler, and the sides of the upper wall are reinforced. The inside of the upper wall is filled with filler again until the island or the embankment is designed to have an elevation. The artificial wave-removing block body can also be pressed on the slope protection stone.

作为一种优选，所述每个联体单元包括：板板联体、基础桩、桩板联体、带肋挡板、定位梁和下定位梁各一个；所述板板联体，包括迎浪面板、背浪面板和位于迎浪面板和背浪面板之间的用于固定连接迎浪面板和背浪面板的横板，横板上有供穿越钢筋的预留孔；板板联体的截面呈直角梯形，其中，迎浪面板呈斜面设置，背浪面板垂直设置；所述基础桩部周围的水下地基表面撒垫碎石垫层；所述板板联体至少与一根基础桩配合使用；所述桩板联体包括桩，和一体形成在桩的上半部分的板；所述定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体顶端相适应的开叉挡板，每一个定位梁两端的开叉挡板，一端卡合于桩板联体顶端外侧的桩上，另一端卡合于板板联体背浪面板上，锁定桩板联体和板板联体的上宽；所述下定位梁沿海底表面，垂直工程延伸方向水平布置；下定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体的桩和基础桩大小相适应的开孔；下定位梁两端的开孔分别套置在相对安装的***海床的基础桩和桩板联体的桩上，锁定联体单元的下宽；相邻的两板板联体之间的接缝处进行防漏处理，在板板联体的间隙中水下现浇混凝土，形成不透水墙体，形成箱体框架的背浪面；所述桩板联体单元对应于板板联体沿工程延伸方向等距布置；在相邻的两组桩板联体顶部及定位梁之间卡座有带肋挡板，一起形成箱体框架迎浪面。 Preferably, each of the joint units comprises: a slab joint, a foundation pile, a pile slab joint, a ribbed baffle, a locating beam and a lower locating beam; the slab joint, including welcoming a wave panel, a back wave panel, and a horizontal plate between the wave front panel and the back wave panel for fixedly connecting the wave front panel and the back wave panel, and the horizontal board has a reserved hole for crossing the steel bar; The cross section is a trapezoidal shape, wherein the facing wave panel is disposed on a slope, the back wave panel is vertically disposed; the surface of the underwater foundation surrounding the foundation pile is sprinkled with a gravel cushion; Used in combination with at least one foundation pile; the pile-slab joint includes a pile, and a plate integrally formed in the upper half of the pile; the two ends of the positioning beam are provided with a slit adapted to the top end of the pile-plate joint The baffle plate, the split baffle at each end of the positioning beam, one end is engaged with the pile on the outer side of the top end of the pile plate joint body, and the other end is engaged on the back plate of the plate plate joint body to lock the pile plate joint body and the plate plate The upper width of the joint; the bottom surface of the lower positioning beam is horizontally arranged in the direction of extension of the vertical engineering; the two ends of the lower positioning beam are provided with openings corresponding to the size of the pile and the foundation pile of the pile plate; the lower positioning beam The openings at the two ends are respectively placed on the piles of the foundation pile and the pile plate joint body which are inserted into the seabed, and the lower width of the joint unit is locked; the joint between the adjacent two plates and plates is prevented. Leakage treatment, in-situ concrete is poured under the gap of the plate and plate joint to form a watertight wall to form the back wave surface of the box frame; the pile plate joint unit corresponds to the extension direction of the plate and the plate along the engineering extension direction, etc. Distance arrangement; at the top of the adjacent two pile-ply joints and the positioning beam The card holder has a ribbed baffle to form a box frame facing the wave surface.

作为又一种优选，所述联体单元为桩板联体单元构成，该桩板联体单元，每个桩板联体单元包括：桩板联体和带肋挡板各两个、定位梁和下定位梁各一个；所述桩板联体包括桩，和一体形成在桩的上半部分的板；所述定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体顶端相适应的开叉挡板，每一个定位梁两端的开叉挡板分别卡合于相对安装的桩板联体顶端外侧的桩上，锁定桩板联体单元的上宽；所述下定位梁沿海底表面，垂直工程延伸方向水平布置；下定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体的桩大小相适应的开孔；每一个下定位梁两端的幵孔分别套置在相对安装的桩板联体的桩上，锁定桩板联体单元的下宽；所述桩板联体单元沿工程延伸方向等距布置；所述的桩板联体顶部和定位梁之间卡座有带肋挡板，一起形成箱体框架的迎浪面板和背浪面板。 As a further preferred embodiment, the joint unit is composed of a pile-plate joint unit, and the pile-plate joint unit includes: a pile-plate joint body and a ribbed baffle plate, and two positioning beams. And one of the lower positioning beams; the pile-slab joint body comprises a pile, and a plate integrally formed on the upper half of the pile; the two ends of the positioning beam are provided with a split baffle adapted to the top end of the pile-plate joint body , the split baffle at each end of each positioning beam is respectively engaged with the pile on the outer side of the opposite end of the assembled pile plate joint, and the upper width of the lock pile plate joint unit is fixed; the bottom bottom surface of the lower positioning beam is extended vertically The horizontal direction is arranged; the two ends of the lower positioning beam are provided with openings corresponding to the pile size of the pile-plate joint; the bores at the two ends of each lower positioning beam are respectively placed on the piles of the oppositely mounted pile-plate joints, Locking the lower width of the pile-slab joint unit; the pile-slab joint unit is equidistantly arranged along the extension direction of the project; the bracket between the pile-plate joint top and the positioning beam has a ribbed baffle to form a box together The wave front panel and back wave panel of the frame.

进一步地，所述桩板联体单元的箱体框架中间由近海的外部向内依次分别填充毛石、二片石和 4〜80毫米的碎石，形成倒滤层。 Further, in the middle of the box frame of the pile-slab joint unit, the stone, the two stones and the gravel of 4 to 80 mm are respectively filled inwardly from the outer portion of the offshore to form an inverted filter layer.

本发明的优点在于，本发明所提供的上述方案由于将沉箱分解成小构件，重量轻，所以，建造沉箱不需要特别的预制场地、船坞和大型的吊装设备。而且，所建成的进海路、码头和防波堤具有施工方便、结构合理、稳定性高、透水性较好、消浪效果好、不破坏海底自然环境和近似免维修的特点。 An advantage of the present invention is that the above-described solution provided by the present invention does not require special prefabrication sites, docks, and large hoisting equipment because of the decomposition of the caisson into small components and light weight. Moreover, the built-in sea roads, docks and breakwaters have the characteristics of convenient construction, reasonable structure, high stability, good water permeability, good wave-eliminating effect, no damage to the natural environment of the seabed and almost maintenance-free.

另外，人工岛或海堤迎浪面一侧建成多级结构，能够逐层消浪，使海水从上冲刷不了岛或堤内填充物，因而保证了人工岛及海堤的安全。附图说明 In addition, the artificial island or seawall has a multi-stage structure on the side of the wave surface, which can eliminate the waves layer by layer, so that the seawater can not wash the island or the filling in the bank from above, thus ensuring the safety of the artificial island and the seawall. DRAWINGS

图 1为本发明的板板联体的结构示意图； 1 is a schematic structural view of a board-and-board joint of the present invention;

图 2为本发明的采用板板联体的一带码头的人工岛护岸结构的示意图；图 3为本发明的桩板联体单元的结构示意图； 2 is a schematic view of a docking artificial island revetment structure using a panel joint according to the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the pile-slab joint unit of the present invention;

图 3a为图 3的侧视图；图 3b为图 3的俯视图； Figure 3a is a side view of Figure 3; Figure 3b is a plan view of Figure 3;

图 4a为本发明桩板联体单元的桩板联体的结构示意图； 4a is a schematic structural view of a pile-plate joint body of a pile-slab joint unit of the present invention;

图 4b为本发明桩板联体单元的定位燊的结构示意图； 4b is a schematic structural view of a positioning jaw of the pile-slab unit of the present invention;

图 4c为本发明桩板联体单元的下定位梁的结构示意图； 4c is a schematic structural view of a lower positioning beam of the pile-slab unit of the present invention;

图 4d为本发明桩板联体单元的带肋挡板的结构示意图； Figure 4d is a schematic structural view of a ribbed baffle of the pile-slab unit of the present invention;

图 4e为本发明桩板联体单元的开有窗口的带肋挡板的结构示意图; 图 5为本发明的桩板联体单元内有倒滤层的结构示意图；图 6a为本发明进海路的一实施例的结构示意图； 4e is a schematic structural view of a ribbed baffle with a window of a pile-slab unit of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a plywood joint unit of the present invention; FIG. A schematic structural view of an embodiment;

图 6b为本发明进海路的又一实施例的结构示意图； 6b is a schematic structural view of still another embodiment of the sea passage of the present invention;

图 7为本发明码头的实施例的结构示意图； Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a dock of the present invention;

图 8为本发明防波堤的实施例的结构示意图； Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a breakwater of the present invention;

图 9为本发明人工岛或海堤的桩板联体实施例的结构示意图；图 10为本发明人工岛或海堤的板板联体实施例的结构示意图。附图标识 9 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a pile-plate joint of an artificial island or a seawall according to the present invention; and FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a plate-and-board joint of an artificial island or a seawall according to the present invention. Reference numeral

1、桩板联体 2、带肋挡板 3、定位梁 1. Pile-plate joint 2. Ribbed baffle 3. Positioning beam

4、下定位梁 5、毛石 6、加高毛石 4, the lower positioning beam 5, Mao Shi 6, plus high stone

7、护坡毛石 8、消浪工字体 9、路墙 7, slope protection stone 8, Xiaolanggong font 9, road wall

10、胸墙 11、海底 12、圆形涵洞管 10, chest wall 11, sea bottom 12, circular culvert tube

13、幵窗带肋挡板 14、窗口 15、梯形护轮槛13, ribbed ribbed baffle 14, window 15, trapezoidal retaining wheel 槛

16、车道 17、标志杆 18、码头 16, lane 17, signpost 18, pier

19、二片石 20、 4〜80毫米碎石 21、无纺布 19, two pieces of stone 20, 4~80 mm gravel 21, non-woven fabric

2、填充物 23、管线沟 24、管线沟盖板 5、预留钢筋 26、凹缘 27、电缆套管 8、系船柱 29、码头胸墙 30、板板联体 1、基础桩 32、横板 33、迎浪面板 4、背浪面板 35、碎石垫层 2. Filler 23, pipeline trench 24, pipeline trench cover 5, reserved steel bar 26, recessed edge 27, cable sleeve 8, bollard 29, dock chest wall 30, panel joint 1, foundation pile 32, horizontal Plate 33, wave front panel 4, back wave panel 35, gravel cushion

6、路基平台 37、下部墙体 38、加强垛 6. Subgrade platform 37. Lower wall 38. Strengthening 垛

9、挡浪板 40、上部墙体 41、三七灰土 2、第一次填土 43、第二次填土具体实施方式 9, the wave board 40, the upper wall 41, the 37 soil, the first filling, the second filling, the second filling detailed description

实施例 1 Example 1

如图 1所示，板板联体 30包括迎浪面板 33、背浪面板 34和位于迎浪面板 33 和背浪面板 34之间的用于固定连接迎浪面板 33和背浪面板 34的横板 32，横板 32 上有供穿越钢筋的预留孔。 As shown in FIG. 1, the panel joint 30 includes a wave front panel 33, a back wave panel 34, and a cross between the wave front panel 33 and the back wave panel 34 for fixedly connecting the wave front panel 33 and the back wave panel 34. On the plate 32, the horizontal plate 32 has a reserved hole for passing through the reinforcing bar.

如图 2所示，具体构建不透水墙体时，首先沿人工岛或海堤***设计的走向，向水下地基下入基础桩 31，让基础桩 31的顶露出水面定位；向基础桩 31水下地基表面撒垫碎石垫层 35，然后在基础桩 31上罩上板板联体 30，每个板板联体 30至少与一个基础桩 31配合使用；在两板板联体之间的接缝处进行防漏处理，在板板联体的中间间隙中水下现浇混凝土，形成不透水墙体。为对不透水墙进行加固，还可以在板板联体 30***安装桩板联体 1，桩板联体 1之间通过带肋挡板 2连接共同组成外侧墙体，外侧墙体与板板联体上方通过定位梁 3连接；在内外墙体间充填毛石 5 与定位梁 3顶齐平，形成路基平台。 As shown in Fig. 2, when constructing the impervious wall, firstly, along the design of the artificial island or the periphery of the seawall, the foundation pile 31 is lowered into the underwater foundation, and the top of the foundation pile 31 is exposed to the water surface; The gravel cushion 35 is placed on the surface of the underwater foundation, and then the slab joint 30 is covered on the foundation pile 31, and each slab joint 30 is used with at least one foundation pile 31; between the two slab joints The joints are leak-proof, and concrete is poured under water in the middle gap of the plate-and-board joint to form a water-tight wall. In order to reinforce the impervious wall, the pile-slab joint 1 can also be installed on the periphery of the panel joint 30, and the pile-plate joints 1 are connected by the ribbed baffle 2 to form an outer wall, the outer wall and the slab The upper part of the joint is connected by the positioning beam 3; the inner and outer walls are filled with the masonry 5 and the top of the positioning beam 3 is flushed to form a roadbed platform.

路基平台上方外侧浇筑码头胸墙 26，码头胸墙 26上部制出直角梯形护轮槛 15, 在路基平台形成的环形围堰内第一次拉垫填入干土 42至与码头胸墙 26顶部齐平，浇筑形成码头 18，码头 18的外侧固结有系船柱 28。拉垫干土 42时，沿着岛墙边围圈垫填土，合拢后，将中间的海水和淤泥抽千排净，再继续垫填干土。 A pier chest wall 26 is placed on the outer side of the roadbed platform, and a right-angled trapezoidal guard wheel 15 is formed on the upper part of the pier chest wall 26. The first pad is filled in the annular coffer formed by the roadbed platform to fill the dry soil 42 to be flush with the top of the pier chest wall 26. The pier 18 is formed by pouring, and the bogie 28 is fixed to the outside of the wharf 18. When padding dry soil at 42 o'clock, fill the pad along the edge of the island wall. After closing, drain the middle seawater and silt, and continue to fill the dry soil.

在码头 18内侧继续浇筑钢筋混凝土上部墙体 40到设计高度，上部墙体 40迎浪面有挡浪板 39，在背水面用袋装土或吹填管袋垒坝，第二次拉垫填干土 43，到设计标高建成重力式码头。采用板板联体的一带码头的人工岛护岸结构建成。实施例 2 The reinforced concrete upper wall 40 is continuously poured on the inner side of the pier 18 to the design height, and the upper wall 40 has a wave-proof plate 39 on the surface of the wave, and the bag is filled with soil or a pipe-filled dam at the back surface, and the second pad is filled. Earth 43, to build a gravity wharf at the design elevation. The artificial island revetment structure with a slab joint is built. Example 2

如图 3、 3a和 3b所示，桩板联体单元包括:.桩板联体 1、带肋挡板 2、定位梁 3和下定位梁 4等预制构件。如图 ½所示，桩板联体 1包括桩，和一体形成在桩的上半部分之间的板；如图 4b所示，定位梁 3的两端设有与两根相对安装的桩板联体 1的桩顶端的板距离（桩宽）相适应的开叉挡板，如图 4c所示，下定位梁 4的两端设有与桩板联体 1桩大小相适应的开孔；如图 4d和 4e分别示出了不开窗口的带肋挡板 2和开有窗口 14的带肋挡板 13。 As shown in Figures 3, 3a and 3b, the pile-slab unit includes: prefabricated members such as: pile-slab joint 1, ribbed baffle 2, locating beam 3 and lower locating beam 4. As shown in Fig. 1⁄2, the pile-slab joint 1 comprises a pile, and a plate integrally formed between the upper half of the pile; as shown in Fig. 4b, the two ends of the positioning beam 3 are provided with two oppositely mounted pile plates. The split baffle corresponding to the plate distance (pile width) of the pile top of the joint 1 is as shown in Fig. 4c, and the two ends of the lower positioning beam 4 are provided with openings corresponding to the pile size of the pile plate joint body; A ribbed baffle 2 that does not open the window and a ribbed baffle 13 that has the window 14 open are shown in Figures 4d and 4e, respectively.

所述桩板联体 1、定位梁 3和下定位梁 4沿工程延伸方向等距布置；下定位梁 4 在海底泥面上，垂直工程延伸方向等距布置，在下定位梁两端的幵孔处，分别将桩板联体的桩沉入，定位梁 3两端的幵叉挡板分别卡合两侧的桩板联体 1的板顶端外侧的桩上，锁定桩板联体单元的上宽；下定位梁 4两端的开孔分别套置在该两根桩板联体 1的桩上，锁定桩板联体单元的下宽；所述开窗带肋挡板 13中间开有窗口 14，相邻定位梁 3的端部之间两两插装开窗带肋挡板 13，形成桩板联体单元的侧面；所述桩板联体单元的下部充填毛石 5; 开窗带肋挡板 13中间的窗口 14处，平行于相邻两定位梁之间，水平放置圆形涵洞管 12在毛石上，该圆形涵涧管 12设置并通过窗口 14与外部连通；桩板联体单元的上部，圆形涵洞管 12上充填有毛石 5直至与定位梁 3齐平。在水下装配建造成与海水连通的无底开口沉箱作为水中建筑物基础。 The pile-slab joint 1, the positioning beam 3 and the lower positioning beam 4 are arranged equidistantly along the extension direction of the project; the lower positioning beam 4 is arranged on the seabed mud surface at an equidistant direction in the vertical engineering extension direction, at the pupils at the ends of the lower positioning beam The piles of the pile-plate joints are respectively sunk into the piles, and the fork baffles at the two ends of the positioning beam 3 are respectively engaged with the piles on the outer sides of the top ends of the pile-plate joints 1 on both sides to lock the upper width of the pile-slab joint unit; The openings at the two ends of the lower positioning beam 4 are respectively placed on the piles of the two pile-slab joints 1 to lock the lower width of the pile-slab joint unit; the window-opening ribbed baffle 13 has a window in the middle 14. The ribbed baffle 13 is inserted between the ends of the adjacent positioning beams 3 to form a side surface of the pile plate joint unit; the lower part of the pile plate joint unit is filled with the stone 5; The window 14 in the middle of the ribbed baffle 13 is parallel to the adjacent two positioning beams, and the circular culvert pipe 12 is horizontally placed on the stone, and the circular culvert pipe 12 is disposed and communicates with the outside through the window 14; In the upper part of the body unit, the circular culvert tube 12 is filled with the boules 5 until it is flush with the positioning beam 3. A bottomless open caisson that is connected to the seawater is constructed under water as the foundation of the underwater building.

如图 6、 8所示，将无底开口沉箱作为水中建筑物基础，在两边浇筑路墙 9，所述两路墙 9之间垫填加高毛石 6，加高毛石 6上封顶，进行加高封顶后，建成进海路、防波堤。所述防波堤上还可以浇筑固结有消浪工字体 8。实施例 3 - 如图 6a所示，本实施例的进海路的建造方法涉及水下构件的装配及水上部分的建造。 As shown in Fig. 6 and 8, the bottomless open caisson is used as the foundation of the underwater building, and the road wall 9 is poured on both sides. The two road walls 9 are filled with high-stone 6 and the top of the high-stone 6 is added. After the heightening of the cap, the sea and the breakwater were built. The breakwater can also be cast and fixed on the breakwater. Embodiment 3 - As shown in Fig. 6a, the construction method of the sea passage of the present embodiment involves the assembly of underwater members and the construction of the water portion.

在水下装配无底开口沉箱，构建建筑物基础至水面之上，具体地，利用桩板联体 1、带肋挡板 2及定位梁 3构建水下沉箱，并在沉箱中添加充填毛石 5在水下修建路基至水面之上，两侧加护坡毛石 7使路基稳固。当进海路需要建造得较宽而加长定位梁经济上不合理时，可平行装配两条较窄的进海路基础作为围堰，中间再充填作为路基基础。 Assembling the bottomless caisson under water, constructing the foundation of the building to the surface of the water, specifically, constructing the submerged caisson by using the pile-slab joint 1, the ribbed baffle 2 and the positioning beam 3, and adding the filling masonry in the caisson 5 Under the water, build the subgrade to the surface of the water, and add slope stone 7 on both sides to make the roadbed stable. When the sea route needs to be built wider and the lengthening of the locating beam is economically unreasonable, two narrow sea inlet foundations can be assembled in parallel as cofferdams, and the intermediate refilling is used as the foundation of the roadbed.

然后，在路基平台上方现浇两侧的混凝土路墙 9;在路墙 9之间充填加高毛石 6 加高至设计高程，然后进行浇筑车道 16。具体设计时，路墙 9呈 L形，其底边向路中心内侧突出，两侧突出的底边相对。这种结构保证路墙的牢固性。 Then, the concrete road walls 9 on both sides are casted on top of the roadbed platform; the high stones are filled between the road walls 9 and raised to the design elevation, and then the pouring lanes 16 are carried out. In the specific design, the road wall 9 is L-shaped, and its bottom edge protrudes toward the inner side of the road center, and the bottom edges protruding on both sides are opposite. This structure ensures the firmness of the road wall.

在浇筑车道 16时可以同时将电缆沟 27或管线沟 23制出，管线沟 23上方设置有管线沟盖板 24。本例中，浇筑车道 16时，在车道一侧沿路墙制出管线沟 23，而另一侧沿路墙 9制出电缆沟 27。管线沟 23上端的两侧分别利用路墙 9的上端面和浇筑的路面形成的凹缘 26留出台阶面，台阶面上表面有预留钢筋 25，相应地，盖板 24也有预留钢筋，铺设管线后，将盖板 24盖在管线沟 23上，将盖板 24与路基预留钢筋 25焊接浇筑在一起，管线沟 23成车道 16的一部分。 The cable trench 27 or the pipeline trench 23 can be simultaneously formed when the lane 16 is poured, and the pipeline trench cover 24 is disposed above the pipeline trench 23. In this example, when the lane 16 is poured, the line groove 23 is formed along the road wall on the side of the lane, and the cable groove 27 is formed along the road wall 9 on the other side. The upper end of the upper end of the pipeline ditch 23 respectively leaves a stepped surface by using the upper end surface of the road wall 9 and the concave edge 26 formed by the paved road surface, and the surface of the step surface has reserved steel bars 25, and accordingly, the cover plate 24 also has reserved steel bars. After laying the pipeline, the cover 24 is placed over the pipeline ditch 23, and the cover 24 is welded to the subgrade reserve reinforcement 25, and the pipeline ditch 23 is formed as part of the lane 16.

实际应用中，管线沟盖板与管线沟的连接可为多种方式，但为了保证管线沟建造牢固，管线沟两侧可呈台阶状，台阶面上有预留钢筋，铺设管线后盖上盖板，将盖板的预留筋与管线沟预留筋焊接。用管线沟 23的盖板 24与路基预留筋焊接浇筑在一起，管线沟 23成车道 16的一部分，这样，既可以利用管线沟这部分宝贵的空间，降低工程造价，保证环保安全，又有利于管线维修。然后，还在路墙 9上方浇筑截面呈直角梯形的护轮槛 15，其直角边位于进海路外侧处，且与路墙 9外表面齐平。路墙上方的护轮槛制成直角梯形，其直角的外边与路墙成一个平面，其内侧面下部为一斜面，斜边它能对车轮起到导向作用，能自动纠正车辆行进方向，减少交通事故。 In practical applications, the connection between the pipeline trench cover and the pipeline trench can be in various ways. However, in order to ensure the construction of the pipeline trench is firm, the pipeline trench can be stepped on both sides, and there are reserved steel bars on the step surface, and the pipeline back cover is laid. The plate is welded with the reserved ribs of the cover plate and the reserved ribs of the pipeline. The cover 24 of the pipeline ditch 23 is welded and welded with the subgrade reserve ribs, and the pipeline ditch 23 is formed as a part of the lane 16 so that the valuable space of the pipeline ditch can be utilized to reduce the construction cost, ensure environmental protection and safety, and Conducive to pipeline maintenance. Then, a guard rim 15 having a right-angled trapezoidal cross section is casted above the road wall 9, and the right angle side is located at the outer side of the sea passage and is flush with the outer surface of the road wall 9. The guard wheel on the wall of the road is made into a right-angled trapezoid. The outer corner of the right angle is flat with the road wall, and the lower part of the inner side is a slope. The oblique side can guide the wheel and can automatically correct the direction of travel of the vehicle. Traffic accident.

在护轮槛 15上表面还建制与之一体的标志杆 17，直角梯形护轮槛 15上制有钢筋混凝土标志杆 17用于导向，从而完成较为完善的进海路的建造。实施例 4 A signpost of one body is also formed on the upper surface of the retaining wheel cymbal. 17, and a steel reinforced concrete signpost 17 is formed on the right angle trapezoidal guard wheel rafter 15 for guiding, thereby completing the construction of a relatively perfect sea inlet. Example 4

如图 6b所示，利用桩板联体 1、开窗带肋挡板 13、定位梁 3和下定位梁 4，构建水下无底开口沉箱，定位梁的长度与两排箱板中对应桩板联体板体外表面间的距离相适应，定位梁主梁的两端有与桩板联体的桩大小相适应的开叉挡板，锁定沉箱上宽；下定位梁的主梁的长度与两排箱板中对应桩板联体的桩外表面间的距离相适应，两端有与桩板联体的桩大小相适应的开孔，锁定沉箱下宽。在沉箱中添加充填毛石 5，夯实至带肋挡板中间开窗留空处 14后，在沉箱延伸方向的两定位梁之间，毛石之上水平放置圆形涵洞管 12，并与开窗留空处 14对齐，使圆形涵洞管 12垂直路堤方向是透水的。在圆形涵洞管 12上继续充填毛石 5至水面之上与定位梁 3齐平，路基建成。然后对路堤两边进行浇筑路墙 9到设计高程，并在路墙 9上方制出直角梯形护轮槛 15，其呈直角的外边与路墙 9成一个平面，其内侧面下部为一斜面，直角梯形护轮槛 15上制有钢筋混凝土标志杆 17。两路墙 9之间垫填加高毛石 6，最后堤顶封顶。路堤顶部为进海路车道 16，路堤两边海水能自由流动，淤泥不易淤积海底，不破坏海底自然环境，重力一透空式进海路建成。实施例 5 As shown in Fig. 6b, using the pile-slab joint 1, the fenestrated ribbed baffle 13, the locating beam 3 and the lower locating beam 4, an underwater bottomless caisson is constructed, the length of the locating beam and the corresponding pile in the two rows of box slabs The distance between the outer surfaces of the plate body plates is adapted. The two ends of the main beam of the positioning beam have a split baffle adapted to the pile size of the pile plate joint, and the upper width of the lock caisson is fixed; the length of the main beam of the lower positioning beam is The distance between the outer surfaces of the piles corresponding to the pile-plate joints of the two rows of box plates is adapted, and the two ends have openings corresponding to the pile size of the pile-plate joint body, and the lock caisson is wide under the lock. Add the filling stone 5 in the caisson, and tamper to the vacant baffle in the middle of the window opening 14, between the two positioning beams in the direction of the caisson, horizontally place the circular culvert 12 above the stone, and open The window cutouts 14 are aligned so that the circular culvert tube 12 is permeable to the vertical embankment. The culvert tube 12 is continuously filled with the masonry stone 5 to the level above the water surface and flush with the positioning beam 3, and the roadbed is built. Then, the road wall 9 is casted on both sides of the embankment to the design elevation, and a right-angle trapezoidal retaining wheel cymbal 15 is formed above the road wall 9, and the outer side of the right angle is formed into a plane with the road wall 9, and the lower part of the inner side surface is a sloped surface, right angle A reinforced concrete signpost 17 is formed on the trapezoidal retaining wheel cymbal 15. The two walls 9 are filled with high-stone stones. Finally, the top of the embankment is capped. The top of the embankment is the lane of the sea. The seawater on both sides of the embankment can flow freely. The silt is not easy to accumulate the seabed, and does not damage the natural environment of the seabed. Gravity is built into the sea. Example 5

如图 7所示，利用桩板联体 1、开窗带肋挡板 13、定位梁 3和下定位梁 4，构建水下无底开口沉箱，定位梁的长度与两排箱板中对应桩板联体板体外表面间的距离相适应，定位梁主梁的两端有与桩板联体的桩大小相适应的开叉挡板，锁定沉箱上宽；下定位梁的主梁的长度与两排箱板中对应桩板联体的桩外表面间的距离相适应，两端有与桩板联体的桩大小相适应的幵孔，锁定沉箱下宽。在沉箱中添加充填毛石 5，夯实至带肋挡板中间窗口 14后，在沉箱延伸方向的两定位梁之间，毛石之上水平放置圆形涵洞管 12，并与窗口 14对齐，使圆形涵洞管 12垂直路堤方向是透水的。在圆形涵洞管 12上继续充填毛石 5至水面之上与定位梁 3齐平，凸堤的堤基建成。然后对凸堤两边进行浇筑胸墙 10到设计高程，并在胸墙 10上方制出直角梯形护轮槛 15。两胸墙 10之间垫填加高毛石 6，最后堤顶封顶。凸堤顶部为码头 18，两边停靠船只，码头凸堤两边海水能自由流动，港池淤泥不易淤积海底，不破坏海底自然环境，重力一透空式码头建成。实施例 6 As shown in Fig. 7, the pile bottom joint 1, the window ribbed baffle 13, the positioning beam 3 and the lower positioning beam 4 are used to construct an underwater bottomless open caisson, the length of the positioning beam and the corresponding pile in the two rows of box plates. The distance between the outer surfaces of the plate body plates is adapted. The two ends of the main beam of the positioning beam have a split baffle adapted to the pile size of the pile plate joint, and the upper width of the lock caisson is fixed; the length of the main beam of the lower positioning beam is The distance between the outer surfaces of the piles corresponding to the pile-plate joints of the two rows of box plates is adapted, and the two ends have the pupils corresponding to the pile size of the pile-plate joint body, and the lock caisson is wide under the lock. Adding the filling stone 5 to the caisson, and tamping to the intermediate window 14 of the ribbed baffle, between the two positioning beams in the direction of the caisson extension, horizontally placing the circular culvert 12 above the stone and aligning with the window 14 The direction of the vertical culvert 12 vertical embankment is permeable. The culvert 5 is continuously filled with the boulder 5 to the surface of the water surface and is flush with the positioning beam 3, and the levee foundation of the levee is completed. Then, the chest wall 10 is cast on both sides of the levee to the design elevation, and a right angle ladder is formed above the chest wall 10. Shaped rim 15 The top of the two chest walls 10 is filled with high-stone 6 and finally the top of the embankment is capped. The top of the levee is the pier 18, and the vessels are docked on both sides. The seawater on both sides of the pier can flow freely. The mud in the harbor is not easy to accumulate on the seabed, and the natural environment of the seabed is not damaged. The gravity-empty pier is built. Example 6

如图 8所示，利用桩板联体 1、开窗带肋挡板 13、定位梁 3和下定位梁 4，构建水下无底开口沉箱，并在沉箱中添加充填毛石 5，夯实至带肋挡板中间开窗留空 14后，在沉箱延伸方向的两定位梁之间，毛石之上水平放置圆形涵洞管 12，并与开窗留空处 14对齐，使圆形涵洞管 12垂直路堤方向是透水的。在圆形涵洞管 12上继续充填毛石 5至水面之上与定位梁 3齐平，路基建成。然后对路堤两边进行浇筑路墙 9到设计高程。两路墙 9之间垫填加高毛石 6。最后堤顶封顶，浇筑固结消浪工字体 8。堤身上部和消浪工字体 8—起消浪，中部海水流过圆形涵洞管 12，进一步消耗波能。由于防波堤两边的海水能自由流动，淤泥不易淤积海底，不破坏海底自然环境，重力一透空式防波堤建成。实施例 7 As shown in Fig. 8, the pile bottom joint 1, the window ribbed baffle 13, the positioning beam 3 and the lower positioning beam 4 are used to construct an underwater bottomless caisson, and a filling stone 5 is added to the caisson, and compacted to After the intermediate opening of the ribbed baffle is left blank 14, between the two positioning beams in the direction of the caisson extension, the circular culvert pipe 12 is horizontally placed above the stone and aligned with the opening of the window to make the circular culvert pipe 12 vertical embankment direction is permeable. The round culvert pipe 12 is continuously filled with the masonry 5 to the surface of the water surface and is flush with the positioning beam 3, and the roadbed is built. Then pour the road wall 9 to the design elevation on both sides of the embankment. The two walls 9 are padded with high-stone 6 . Finally, the top of the embankment is capped, and the concrete is fixed. The levee body and the wave-eliminating font 8 - eliminate the waves, the central seawater flows through the circular culvert tube 12, further consuming wave energy. Since the seawater on both sides of the breakwater can flow freely, the silt is not easy to accumulate on the seabed, and does not damage the natural environment of the seabed. The gravity-empty breakwater is built. Example 7

如图 9所示，本实施例的施工步骤如下- a、沿水中建筑物的形状，利用在陆上预制好的桩板联体 1、带肋挡板 2、定位梁 3和下定位梁 4，装配构建水下无底开口沉箱，并在沉箱的内、中、外处分别充填一定厚度的 4一 80毫米碎石 20、二片石 19和毛石 5，在水下建造有倒滤层的箱型路基基础至水面之上，如图 5所示；采用本发明在水下修建有倒滤层的箱型路基基础，能够保证海水不能从下部冲刷破坏倒滤层，保证人工岛或海堤内的填土不会被冲刷漏失。另外，人工岛或海堤的靠海一侧建成多级结构，还能够逐层消浪，使海水从上冲刷不了岛或堤内填充物，因而保证了人工岛及海堤的安全。 As shown in Fig. 9, the construction steps of this embodiment are as follows - a, along the shape of the building in the water, using the prefabricated pile-slab joint 1, the ribbed baffle 2, the positioning beam 3 and the lower positioning beam 4 , assembling and constructing an underwater bottomless caisson, and filling a certain thickness of 4 to 80 mm gravel 20, two stones 19 and a mason 5 in the inner, middle and outer caisson, and constructing an inverted filter layer under water The box-type subgrade foundation is above the water surface, as shown in Fig. 5; the box-type subgrade foundation with the inverted filter layer is constructed under the water of the invention, which can ensure that the seawater cannot wash the decontamination layer from the lower part, and ensure the artificial island or seawall The fill inside will not be washed away. In addition, the multi-level structure of the artificial island or seawall on the sea side can also eliminate the waves layer by layer, so that the sea water can not wash the island or the filling in the embankment from above, thus ensuring the safety of the artificial island and the seawall.

b、迎浪面抛毛石护坡，护坡毛石 7之上可压放人工消浪块体，形成第一道台阶； c、在路基平台内侧建筑高于路基的下部墙体 37，下部墙体 37上可固结有挡浪板 39或加强垛 38; b. On the surface of the wave, the stone is protected by slopes. On the slope of the stone, the artificial wave-eliminating block can be pressed to form the first step; c. The lower wall 37 of the roadbed platform is higher than the roadbed, and the lower wall 37 can be fixed with a wave shield 39 or a reinforcing 垛 38;

d、在下部墙体和路基平台内侧背后铺设无纺布 21，在围堰内第一次垫填填充物 42; d. laying a non-woven fabric 21 behind the inner side of the lower wall and the roadbed platform, and filling the filler 42 for the first time in the cofferdam;

e、沉降基本稳定后，路基平台 36现浇封顶，为保证消浪效果，路基平台上应设置有消浪部件，如消浪工字体 8，形成第二道台阶； e. After the settlement is basically stable, the subgrade platform 36 is cast-in-place topped. To ensure the wave-eliminating effect, the subgrade platform should be provided with wave-eliminating components, such as the wave-breaking font 8, forming a second step;

f、在填充物上方建筑海堤车道 16和上部墙体，构成消浪平台和挡浪墙 40, 车道 16外侧的墙体 37上方制出直角梯形护轮槛 15，挡浪墙 40两侧建造加强垛 38，形成第三道台阶；为保证上部墙体、下部墙体以及挡浪墙的坚固，它们的一侧或两侧均可以设置加强垛 38。 f. Building the seawall driveway 16 and the upper wall above the filling, forming a wave-breaking platform and a wave-proof wall 40, A right-angled trapezoidal retaining wheel cymbal 15 is formed above the wall 37 on the outer side of the road 16, and a reinforcing raft 38 is formed on both sides of the wave-proof wall 40 to form a third step; to ensure the sturdiness of the upper wall, the lower wall and the wave wall, Reinforcing jaws 38 may be provided on one or both sides of them.

g、在挡浪墙 40内侧第二次垫填填充物 43到岛面设计高程； g. Filling the filler 43 to the island design elevation for the second time inside the wave wall 40;

h、岛面硬化封顶，人工岛建成。实施例 8 h. The island is hardened and capped, and the artificial island is built. Example 8

如图 10所示，本实施例的施工步骤如下： As shown in FIG. 10, the construction steps of this embodiment are as follows:

a、沿人工岛或海堤的走向将基础桩 31下入水中，向基础桩 31水下地基表面撒垫碎石垫层 35。 a. The foundation pile 31 is placed in the water along the direction of the artificial island or seawall, and the gravel cushion is placed on the surface of the underwater foundation of the foundation pile 31.

b、将带有钢筋笼子的板板联体 30开口小沉箱罩于基础桩 31上并形成闭合 /不闭合延伸；板板联体 30包括迎浪面板 33、背浪面板 34和横板 32。 b. The panel joint 30 with the reinforcing cage is closed on the foundation pile 31 and forms a closed/unclosed extension; the panel joint 30 includes a wave front panel 33, a back wave panel 34 and a horizontal plate 32.

c、在板板联体 30开口小沉箱中间间隙内水下现浇混凝土到板顶，形成水下不透水墙体；这样，沿水中建筑物的形状，在其***由一组基础桩 31和连接相邻基础桩 31的一组板板联体 30在水下构建内侧不透水墙体。 c. Under the gap between the small slabs of the slab joint 30, the concrete is poured into the top of the slab to form an underwater impervious wall; thus, the shape of the building along the water is surrounded by a set of foundation piles 31 and A set of panel joints 30 connecting adjacent foundation piles 31 construct an inner impervious wall under water.

d、在板板联体 30外由桩板联体 1和带肋挡板 2组成另一面墙体，两墙体的宽度为定位梁 3梁的长度； d. The other side wall is composed of the pile plate joint 1 and the ribbed baffle 2 outside the plate and plate joint 30, and the width of the two walls is the length of the beam of the positioning beam 3;

e、两墙体其上扣定位梁 3，其下设有下定位梁 4，该下定位梁 4的两端设有与桩部大小相适应的开孔，分别套置在对应的桩板联体 1的桩上和板板联体的基础桩 31上，锁定框架的下宽。 e. The two walls are fastened to the positioning beam 3, and the lower positioning beam 4 is disposed under the two sides. The two ends of the lower positioning beam 4 are provided with openings corresponding to the size of the pile, respectively, and are respectively placed on the corresponding pile plates. On the pile of the body 1 and the base pile 31 of the plate and plate joint, the lower width of the locking frame.

f、在板板联体 30、桩板联体 1和带肋挡板 2组成的框架内充填毛石 5至与定位梁 3顶齐平，形成路基平台 36。 f. Filling the frame with the slab joint 30, the pile-slab joint 1 and the ribbed baffle 2 to fill the top of the fixed beam 3 to form a subgrade platform 36.

g、在路基平台 36迎水面抛护坡毛石 7，形成第一道台阶。 g. On the roadbed platform 36, the slope stone is thrown on the water surface, forming the first step.

h、在板板联体 30上现浇钢筋混凝土下部墙体 37，墙体迎浪面上固结有挡浪板 39, 背浪面上设有加强垛 38。 h. The reinforced concrete lower wall 37 is casted on the slab joint 30, and the wave shield is fixed on the wave surface of the wall, and the reinforced rock 38 is provided on the back wave surface.

i、在背水面海底宽度处用袋装土或吹泥管袋垒坝。 i. Use bagged soil or blown pipe bag dam at the width of the bottom of the sea.

j、在下部墙体 37和垒坝的围堰内吹填土 42或垫填干土至下部墙体 37齐平。 k、在迎水面路基平台 36上现浇钢筋混凝土封顶，固结消浪工字体，形成第二道台阶； j. In the lower wall 37 and the dam's cofferdam, fill the soil 42 or fill the dry soil to the lower wall 37. k. Casting a reinforced concrete cap on the water-receiving roadbed platform 36, consolidating the wave-breaking font to form a second step;

1、在填土上浇筑车道 16，形成第三道台阶，车道 16外侧有梯形护轮槛 15 ; m、在车道 16内侧旁，继续浇筑钢筋混凝土挡浪墙 40到设计高度； 1. Pour the lane 16 on the fill to form a third step. The outside of the lane 16 has a trapezoidal retaining wheel 15; m. Next to the inside of the lane 16, continue pouring the reinforced concrete wave wall 40 to the design height;

n、挡浪墙 40两侧建造加强垛 38; 后侧回填素土 43到设计高程。采用本例在水中浇筑成水下不透水基础，能够保证海水不能从下部冲刷人工岛或海堤内的填土。另外，人工岛或海堤的靠海一侧建成多级结构，还能够逐层消浪，使海水从上冲刷不了岛或堤内填充物，因而保证了人工岛及海堤的安全。 n. The reinforced rocker 38 is built on both sides of the wave wall 40; the back side is backfilled with plain soil 43 to the design elevation. In this case, the underwater impervious foundation is poured in the water to ensure that the seawater cannot wash the fill of the artificial island or the seawall from the lower part. In addition, the multi-level structure of the artificial island or seawall on the sea side can also eliminate the waves layer by layer, so that the seawater can not wash the island or the filling of the levee from above, thus ensuring the safety of the artificial island and the seawall.

Claims

权利要求 Rights request

1、一种装配式无底开口沉箱，其特征在于，该装配式无底开口沉箱由若干联体单元闭合排列构成，所述联体单元包括：用于打入海床的桩部和位于该桩部上方的至水面之上的箱体框架，所述箱体框架内充填毛石。 1. A fabricated bottomless open caisson, characterized in that the assembled bottomless open caisson is composed of a plurality of joint units closedly arranged, the joint unit comprising: a pile for driving into the seabed and located at A box frame above the pile to the surface of the water, the box frame is filled with masonry.

2、根据权利要求 1所述的装配式无底开口沉箱，其特征在于， 2. The fabricated bottomless open caisson according to claim 1, wherein

所述联体单元包括：板板联体和基础桩，所述板板联体至少与一根基础桩配合使用，所述基础桩部周围的水下地基表面撒垫碎石垫层； The joint unit includes: a slab joint and a foundation pile, wherein the slab joint is used at least with a foundation pile, and a surface of the underwater foundation around the foundation pile is sprinkled with a gravel cushion;

所述板板联体包括迎浪面板、背浪面板和位于迎浪面板和背浪面板之间的用于固定连接迎浪面板和背浪面板的横板； The board and board joint comprises a wave front panel, a back wave panel and a horizontal board between the wave front panel and the back wave panel for fixedly connecting the wave front panel and the back wave panel;

所述板板联体的截面呈直角梯形，其中，迎浪面板呈斜面设置，背浪面板垂直设置； The cross section of the board and the board is a trapezoidal shape, wherein the front panel is inclined, and the back wave panel is vertically disposed;

相邻的两板板联体之间的接缝处进行防漏处理，在板板联体的间隙中水下现浇混凝土，形成不透水墙体。 Leakage treatment is performed at the joint between the adjacent two plate and plate joints, and concrete is poured under the gap of the plate and plate joint to form a watertight wall.

3、根据权利要求 2所述的装配式无底开口沉箱，其特征在于， 3. The fabricated bottomless open caisson according to claim 2, wherein

所述联体单元还包括：桩板联体、带肋挡板和定位梁； The joint unit further includes: a pile plate joint body, a ribbed baffle plate and a positioning beam;

所述桩板联体包括桩，和一体形成在桩的上半部分的板； The pile-slab joint includes a pile, and a plate integrally formed in an upper half of the pile;

所述定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体顶端相适应的开叉挡板，每一个定位梁两端的开叉挡板，一端卡合于桩板联体顶端外侧的桩上，另一端卡合于板板联体背浪面板上，锁定板板联体和桩板联体的上宽； The two ends of the positioning beam are provided with a split baffle adapted to the top end of the pile plate joint, and the split baffle at each end of the positioning beam is engaged at one end on the pile on the outer side of the top end of the pile plate joint, and the other end is Engaged on the board-and-board back wave panel, locking the upper width of the board joint and the pile board joint;

所述的相邻的两组桩板联体顶部和定位梁之间卡座有带肋挡板，一起形成箱体框架的迎浪面板。 The adjacent two sets of pile-plate joints and the positioning beam have a ribbed baffle between the top and the positioning beam, which together form a wave front panel of the box frame.

4、根据权利要求 3所述的装配式无底开口沉箱，其特征在于， 4. The fabricated bottomless open caisson according to claim 3, wherein

所述联体单元还进一步包括下定位梁，该下定位梁的两端设有与桩部大小相适应的开孔；下定位梁两端的开孔分别套置在对应的桩板联体的桩上和板板联体的基础桩上，锁定联体单元的下宽。 The joint unit further includes a lower positioning beam, the two ends of the lower positioning beam are provided with openings corresponding to the size of the pile; the openings at the two ends of the lower positioning beam are respectively placed on the corresponding piles of the pile-plate joint On the foundation pile of the upper plate and the plate, the lower width of the joint unit is locked.

5、根据权利要求 2〜4中任一项所述的装配式无底开口沉箱，其特征在于，所述横板上有供穿越钢筋的预留孔。 The assembled bottomless open caisson according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the transverse plate has a reserved hole for passing through the reinforcing bar.

6、根据权利要求 1所述的装配式无底幵口沉箱，其特征在于， 6. The fabricated bottomless caulking caisson of claim 1 wherein:

所述联体单元为桩板联体单元，每个桩板联体单元包括：桩板联体和带肋挡板各两个，定位梁和下定位梁各一个； The joint unit is a pile-plate joint unit, and each pile-plate joint unit comprises: a pile-plate joint and a ribbed baffle Two each, one for each of the positioning beam and the lower positioning beam;

所述定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体顶端相适应的开叉挡板，每一个定位梁两端的开叉挡板分别卡合于相对安装的桩板联体顶端外侧的桩上，锁定桩板联体单元的上宽； The two ends of the positioning beam are provided with a split baffle adapted to the top end of the pile-plate joint body, and the split baffles at the two ends of each of the positioning beams are respectively engaged with the piles on the outer side of the top end of the oppositely mounted pile-plate joint body, Locking the upper width of the pile plate unit;

所述下定位梁沿海底表面水平布置；所述下定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体的桩大小相适应的开孔；每一个下定位梁两端的开孔分别套置在相对安装的桩扳联体的桩上，锁定桩板联体单元的下宽； The bottom bottom surface of the lower positioning beam is horizontally arranged; the two ends of the lower positioning beam are provided with openings corresponding to the pile size of the pile plate joint; the openings at the two ends of each lower positioning beam are respectively installed in the opposite installation On the pile of the pile pull joint, the lower width of the lock pile plate joint unit;

所述的桩板联体顶部和定位梁之间卡座有带肋挡板，一起形成箱体框架的迎浪面板和背浪面板。 The bracket between the top of the pile-slab joint and the positioning beam has a ribbed baffle, which together form a wave front panel and a back wave panel of the box frame.

7、一种路基平台，其特征在于，该路基平台由若干联体单元沿工程延伸方向等距排列构成，所述联体单元包括：用于打入海床的桩部和位于该桩部上方的至水面之上的箱体框架；所述箱体框架中间充填毛石，构建成露出水面的路基平台。 7. A subgrade platform, characterized in that the subgrade platform is composed of a plurality of joint units arranged equidistantly along an engineering extension direction, and the joint unit comprises: a pile portion for driving into the seabed and located above the pile portion The box frame above the water surface; the box frame is filled with masonry in the middle to form a roadbed platform exposed to the water surface.

8、根据权利要求 7所述的路基平台，其特征在于， 8. The subgrade platform of claim 7 wherein:

所述联体单元为桩板联体单元，所述桩板联体单元沿工程延伸方向等距布置；每个桩板联体单元包括：桩板联体和带肋挡板各两个、定位梁和下定位梁各一个；所述桩板联体包括桩，和一体形成在桩的上半部分的板； The joint unit is a pile-plate joint unit, and the pile-slab joint units are arranged equidistantly along the extension direction of the project; each pile-plate joint unit comprises: a pile-plate joint body and a ribbed baffle plate, respectively, and positioning a beam and a lower positioning beam; the pile-slab joint comprises a pile, and a plate integrally formed in the upper half of the pile;

所述定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体顶端相适应的开叉挡板，每一个定位梁两端的幵叉挡板分别卡合于相对安装的桩板联体顶端外侧的桩上，锁定桩板联体单元的上宽； The two ends of the positioning beam are provided with a split baffle adapted to the top end of the pile-plate joint body, and the split baffle plates at the two ends of each positioning beam are respectively engaged with the piles on the outer side of the top end of the oppositely mounted pile-plate joint body, Locking the upper width of the pile plate unit;

所述下定位梁沿海底表面，垂直工程延伸方向水平布置；所述下定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体的桩大小相适应的开孔；每一个下定位梁两端的开孔分别套置在相对安装的桩板联体的桩上，锁定桩板联体单元的下宽； The bottom surface of the lower positioning beam is horizontally arranged in the direction of extension of the vertical engineering; the two ends of the lower positioning beam are provided with openings corresponding to the pile size of the pile-plate joint; the openings at the ends of each lower positioning beam are respectively Nested on the pile of the oppositely mounted pile-slab joint, locking the lower width of the pile-slab joint unit;

9、根据权利要求 8所述的路基平台，其特征在于， 9. The subgrade platform of claim 8 wherein:

所述带肋挡板中间还开有窗口，所述桩板联体单元中水平放置的圆形涵洞管对应于相对安装的一对带肋挡板的窗口放置，并通过该窗口与外部连通。 A window is also formed in the middle of the ribbed baffle, and a horizontally placed circular culvert pipe in the pile plate joint unit is disposed corresponding to a pair of ribbed baffle windows mounted opposite to each other and communicates with the outside through the window.

10、根据权利要求 8或 9所述的路基平台，其特征在于， 10. The subgrade platform of claim 8 or 9, wherein

所述路基平台上方两侧浇筑混凝土路墙；两侧的路墙之间充填加高毛石后浇筑车道形成进海路；所述路墙呈 L形，其底边向路中心内侧突出。 The concrete road wall is poured on both sides of the roadbed platform; the road walls on both sides are filled with high-stone and the casting lane is formed into the sea road; the road wall is L-shaped, and the bottom edge protrudes toward the inner side of the road center.

11、根据权利要求 10所述的路基平台，其特征在于，所述进海路车道的两侧分别制有管线沟和电缆套管位于路面下方； The roadbed platform according to claim 10, wherein the two sides of the intake lane are respectively provided with a pipeline groove and a cable sleeve located below the road surface;

所述管线沟上端的内侧呈台阶状，相应的管线沟盖板焊接固定于凹缘上。 The inner side of the upper end of the pipeline groove is stepped, and the corresponding pipeline groove cover is welded and fixed on the concave edge.

12、根据权利要求 11所述的路基平台，其特征在于，所述路墙的上部制出直角梯形护轮¾ 该直角梯形护轮槛的内侧面为斜面，呈直角的外边与路墙成一个平面。 The roadbed platform according to claim 11, wherein the upper part of the road wall is formed with a right angle trapezoidal guard wheel 3⁄4. The inner side of the right angle trapezoidal guard wheel is a sloped surface, and the outer side of the right angle is formed with the road wall. flat.

13、根据权利要求 12所述的路基平台，其特征在于，所述直角梯形护轮槛上制有钢筋混凝土标志杆。 ' The subgrade platform according to claim 12, wherein the right angle trapezoidal guard wheel is provided with a reinforced concrete sign post. '

14、根据权利要求 8或 9所述的路基平台，其特征在于， 14. The subgrade platform of claim 8 or 9, wherein

所述路基平台上方两侧浇筑混凝土路墙；所述两侧路墙之间垫填加高毛石，加高毛石上封顶后形成防波堤。 Concrete road walls are cast on both sides of the roadbed platform; the high-tech stones are filled between the two road walls, and the breakwater is formed on the top of the stone.

15、根据权利要求 14所述的路基平台，其特征在于，所述防波堤上浇筑固结有消浪工字体。 The roadbed platform according to claim 14, wherein the breakwater is cast on the breakwater and has a wave-removing font.

16、根据权利要求 8或 9所述的路基平台，其特征在于，所述路基平台上方两侧浇筑有胸墙，所述两侧胸墙之间垫填加高毛石，加高毛石上封顶后形成码头。 The roadbed platform according to claim 8 or 9, wherein a chest wall is cast on both sides of the roadbed platform, and the high-mass stone is filled between the two sides of the chest wall, and the upper part is formed by adding the high stone. pier.

17、一种人工岛或海堤的护岸结构，其特征在于，该护岸结构由若干联体单元沿工程延伸方向等距排列构成，所述联体单元包括：用于打入海床的桩部和位于该桩部上方的至水面之上的箱体框架； 17. A bank protection structure for an artificial island or a seawall, characterized in that the bank protection structure is formed by a plurality of joint units arranged equidistantly along an engineering extension direction, and the joint unit comprises: a pile portion for driving into the seabed And a tank frame above the water level above the pile;

所述箱体框架中间充填毛石，构建成露出水面的路基平台； The box frame is filled with masonry in the middle to form a roadbed platform exposed to the water surface;

所述路基平台的迎浪面抛有护坡毛石，所述路基平台上设置有消浪部件；所述路基平台内侧还建筑有高于路基平台的下部墙体，该下部墙体上固结有挡浪板和 /或加强垛； The surface of the roadbed platform is thrown with slope protection stone, the roadbed platform is provided with wave-eliminating components; the inner side of the roadbed platform is also constructed with a lower wall than the roadbed platform, and the lower wall is consolidated with Wave shield and/or reinforced raft;

所述下部墙体和路基平台内侧铺设无纺布后垫填填充物； a non-woven fabric is placed on the inner side of the lower wall and the roadbed platform to fill the filler;

该填充物上方还建筑车道和上部墙体，所述上部墙体的两侧建造加强垛，上部墙体内侧再次垫填填充物直到岛面或堤面设计高程。 Above the filling, a driveway and an upper wall are also constructed, and reinforcing rafts are formed on both sides of the upper wall, and the inside of the upper wall is again filled with the filler until the island or the embankment is designed to have an elevation.

18、根据权利要求 17所述的护岸结构，其特征在于，所述护坡毛石上还压放有人工消浪块体。 18. The bank protection structure according to claim 17, wherein the slope protection stone is further pressed with an artificial wave-eliminating block.

19、根据权利要求 17或 18所述的护岸结构，其特征在于，所述每个联体单元包括：板板联体、基础桩、桩板联体、带肋挡板、定位梁和下定位梁各一个；所述板板联体，包括迎浪面板、背浪面板和位于迎浪面板和背浪面板之间的用于固定连接迎浪面板和背浪面板的横板，横板上有供穿越钢筋的预留孔；板板联体的截面呈直角梯形，其中，迎浪面板呈斜面设置，背浪面板垂直设置；所述基础桩部周围的水下地基表面撒塾碎石垫层；所述板板联体至少与一根基础桩配合使用； The revetment structure according to claim 17 or 18, wherein each of the joint units comprises: a slab joint, a foundation pile, a pile plate joint, a ribbed baffle, a positioning beam and a lower positioning Each of the beams and plates includes a wave front panel, a back wave panel, and a horizontal plate between the wave front panel and the back wave panel for fixedly connecting the wave front panel and the back wave panel, and the horizontal board has a reserved hole for crossing the steel bar; The cross-section of the slab-and-plate joint is a trapezoidal shape, wherein the facing wave panel is provided with a sloped surface, and the back wave panel is vertically disposed; the surface of the underwater foundation around the foundation pile is sprinkled with a gravel cushion; the slab joint is at least Used in conjunction with a foundation pile;

所述定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体顶端相适应的开叉挡板，每一个定位梁两端的开叉挡板，一端卡合于桩板联体顶端外侧的桩上，另一端卡合于板板联体背浪面板上，锁定桩板联体和板板联体的上宽； The two ends of the positioning beam are provided with a split baffle adapted to the top end of the pile plate joint, and the split baffle at each end of the positioning beam is engaged at one end on the pile on the outer side of the top end of the pile plate joint, and the other end is Engaged on the board-and-board back wave panel, locking the upper width of the pile-plate joint and the board joint;

所述下定位梁沿海底表面，垂直工程延伸方向水平布置；下定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体的桩和基础桩大小相适应的开孔；下定位梁两端的开孔分别套置在相对安装的***海床的基础桩和桩板联体的桩上，锁定联体单元的下宽； The bottom surface of the lower positioning beam is horizontally arranged in the extending direction of the vertical engineering; the two ends of the lower positioning beam are provided with openings corresponding to the size of the pile and the foundation pile of the pile plate; the openings at the two ends of the lower positioning beam are respectively set Locking the lower width of the joint unit on the pile of the foundation pile and the pile plate joint of the oppositely installed inserted seabed;

相邻的两板板联体之间的接缝处进行防漏处理，在板板联体的间隙中水下现浇混凝土，形成不透水墙体，形成箱体框架的背浪面； The joint between the two adjacent plates and plates is subjected to a leakproof treatment, and the concrete is poured under the gap of the plate and the joint to form a watertight wall to form a back wave surface of the box frame;

所述桩板联体单元对应于板板联体沿工程延伸方向等距布置；在相邻的两组桩板联体顶部及定位梁之间卡座有带肋挡板，一起形成箱体框架迎浪面。 The pile-slab joint unit is arranged equidistantly corresponding to the board-span joint along the engineering extension direction; the ribbed baffle is formed between the adjacent two pile-ply joint tops and the positioning beam, and the box frame is formed together Welcome to the waves.

20、根据权利要求 17或 18所述的护岸结构，其特征在于，所述联体单元为桩板联体单元构成，该桩板联体单元，每个桩板联体单元包括：桩板联体和带肋挡板各两个、定位梁和下定位梁各一个； The revetment structure according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the joint unit is a pile-slab joint unit, the pile-slab joint unit, and each pile-slab joint unit comprises: a pile-plate joint Two body and ribbed baffles, one for each of the positioning beam and the lower positioning beam;

所述定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体顶端相适应的幵叉挡板，每一个定位梁两端的幵叉挡板分别卡合于相对安装的桩板联体顶端外侧的桩上，锁定桩板联体单元的上宽； The two ends of the positioning beam are provided with a fork baffle adapted to the top end of the pile plate joint, and the fork baffles at the two ends of each of the positioning beams are respectively engaged with the piles on the outer side of the top end of the oppositely mounted pile plate joint body, Locking the upper width of the pile plate unit;

所述下定位梁沿海底表面，垂直工程延伸方向水平布置；下定位梁的两端设有与桩板联体的桩大小相适应的开孔；每一个下定位梁两端的开孔分别套置在相对安装的桩板联体的桩上，锁定桩板联体单元的下宽； The bottom surface of the lower positioning beam is horizontally arranged in the extending direction of the vertical engineering; the two ends of the lower positioning beam are provided with openings corresponding to the pile size of the pile-plate joint; the openings at the two ends of each lower positioning beam are respectively placed Locking the lower width of the pile-slab joint unit on the pile of the oppositely mounted pile-slab joint;

所述桩板联体单元沿工程延伸方向等距布置； The pile plate joint unit is arranged equidistantly along the engineering extension direction;

21、根据权利要求 20所述的护岸结构，其特征在于， 21. The bank protection structure according to claim 20, wherein

所述桩板联体单元的箱体框架中间由近海的外部向内依次分别填充毛石、二片石和 4〜80毫米的碎石，形成倒滤层。 In the middle of the box frame of the pile-slab unit, the masonry, the two-grain and the 4 to 80 mm gravel are respectively filled inwardly from the outer portion of the offshore to form an inverted filter layer.