WO2006061164A1 - A mat for seeds and the method for producing the same - Google Patents

A mat for seeds and the method for producing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006061164A1
WO2006061164A1 PCT/EP2005/012996 EP2005012996W WO2006061164A1 WO 2006061164 A1 WO2006061164 A1 WO 2006061164A1 EP 2005012996 W EP2005012996 W EP 2005012996W WO 2006061164 A1 WO2006061164 A1 WO 2006061164A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mat
spp
seeds
active ingredient
oil
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Application number
PCT/EP2005/012996
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Yongwhan Kim
Cheolyong Lee
Woonsun Jeon
Yonggwon Kim
Eunmyeong Lee
Ian Paul Dalton
Rowley Winten
Martin Weiss
Original Assignee
Syngenta Participations Ag
National Agro Industrial Co., Ltd.
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Application filed by Syngenta Participations Ag, National Agro Industrial Co., Ltd. filed Critical Syngenta Participations Ag
Priority to JP2007543797A priority Critical patent/JP2008522586A/en
Publication of WO2006061164A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006061164A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/50—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids the nitrogen atom being doubly bound to the carbon skeleton
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/04—Arranging seed on carriers, e.g. on tapes, on cords ; Carrier compositions
    • A01C1/044—Sheets, multiple sheets or mats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
    • A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a new mat for seeds suitable for seeding, germination, and growing of the resulting seedlings and and a method for producing said mat impregnated with one or more animal pesticides and/or fungicides.
  • Said mat for seeds becomes a seedling mat after germination of the seeds.
  • the mat for seeds according to the instant invention is preferably for rice seeds and/or seedlings.
  • the mat for seeds is mixed with at least one animal pesticide and/or at least one fungicide.
  • the present invention provides in a first aspect a mat for seeds, especially of agronomic or crop plants, comprising; a) at least one animal pesticidal active ingredient and/or at least one fungicidal active ingredient, b) at least one release controllable material comprising surfactant, solvent, polymer resin and filler, and c) as bed soil a mix of organic raw materials and/or paper fibers(claim 1 ).
  • the mat according to present invention is impregnated with fungicide and/or animal pesticide. Therefore, the mat can control animals pests and/or diseases, especially insects and/or diseases, without any further active ingredient application to the seeds or seedlings, particulary in a field.
  • the mat according to the present invention can also be impregnated with beneficial factors. Beneficial factors are for example fertilizers like nitrogen, potassium, phosphate, sulphur and/or trace elements like zinc, molybdenum, manganese and iron.
  • the new mat for seeds of this invention can be formulated easily and conveniently by impregnating fungicide and/or animal pesticide into mat in advance of the seeds being put on the mat. Therefore, no more later application of fungicide and/or animal pesticide is necessary.
  • This invention is also directed to the use of a controlled release formulation comprising at least one animal pesticidal active ingredient and/or at least one fungicidal active ingredient together with the mat for seeds for controlling insects and/or pathogens(clairr) 14).
  • the mat is used for rice seeds and/or seedlings(claims 15).
  • the mat is used for seeds and/or seedlings of agronomic plants or crops of cereals, such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, maize or sorghum; beet, such as sugar or fodder beet; fruit, for example pome fruit, stone fruit and soft fruit, such as apples, pears, plums, peaches, almonds, cherries or berries, for example strawberries, raspberries or blackberries; legumes, such as beans, lentils, peas or soya beans; oil crops such as oil seed rape, mustard, poppies, olives, sunflowers, coconuts, castor, cacao or peanuts; the marrow family, such as pumpkins, cucumbers or melons; fibre plants such as cotton, flax, hemp or jute; citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits or tangerines; vegetables such as spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbage species, carrots, onions, chillis, tomatoes, potatoes, or capsicums; the laurel
  • the mat according to the instant invention is used advantageously for controlling damage on seeds and/or seedlings by animal pests and/or pathogens.
  • animal pests are:
  • Insects for example, Pseudaletia separate, Nilaparvata lugens, Laodelphax striatellus, Sogatella furcifera, Nephotettix cincticeps, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Hydrellia griseola, Oulema oryzae, Aphelenchoides besseyi, Chlorops oryzae, Chilo suppressalis,
  • Scotinophara lurida Lagynotomus elongates, Leptocorixa coretti, Cletus trigonus, Donacia pravostii, Notiphila sekiyai, Susumia exigua, Sesamia inferens, Leucania separate, Tipula aino, Echinocnemus squameus, Mycalesis gotama, Conocephalus japonicus, Homorocoryphus jezoensis and Lymantria dispar;
  • Orthoptera for example, Blatta spp., Blattella spp., Gryllotalpa spp., Leucophaea maderae, Locusta spp., Periplaneta spp. and Schistocerca spp.;
  • Anoplura for example, Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., Pemphigus spp. and Phylloxera spp.
  • Mallophaga for example, Damalinea spp. and Trichodectes spp.
  • Thysanoptera for example, Frankliniella spp., Hercinothrips spp., Taeniothrips spp., Thrips palmi, Thrips tabaci and Scirtothrips aurantii;
  • Heteroptera for example, Dichelops melacanthus, Distantiella theobroma, Dysdercus spp., Euchistus spp., Eurygaster spp., Leptocorisa spp., Nezara spp., Piesma spp., Rhodnius spp., Sahlbergella singularis, Scotinophara spp.
  • Triatoma spp. - from the order Homoptera, for example, Aleurothrixus floccosus, Aleyrodes brassicae, Aonidiella spp., Aphididae, Aphis spp., Aspidiotus spp., Bemisia tabaci, Ceroplaster spp., Chrysomphalus aonidium, Chrysomphalus dictyospermi, Coccus hesperidum, Empoasca spp., Eriosoma larigerum, Erythroneura spp., Gascardia spp., Laodelphax spp., Lecanium corni, Lepidosaphes spp., Macrosiphus spp., Myzus spp., Nephotettix spp., Nilaparvata spp., Paratoria spp., Pemphigus spp., Planoc
  • Cephus spp. Diprion spp., Diprionidae, Gilpinia polytoma, Hoplocampa spp., Lasius spp., Monomorium pharaonis, Neodiprion spp., Solenopsis spp. and Vespa spp.;
  • Diptera from the order Diptera, for example, Antherigona soccata, Bibio hortulanus, , Ceratitis spp., Chrysomyia spp., Culex spp., Cuterebra spp., Dacus spp., Delia spp., Drosophila melanogaster, Liriomyza spp., Melanagromyza spp., Orseolia spp., Oscinella frit, Pegomyia hyoscyami, Phorbia spp., Rhagoletis pomonella, Sciara spp.,;
  • Acarina for example, Acarus siro, Aceria sheldoni, Aculus pointedendali, Amblyomma spp., Argas spp.,, Brevipalpus spp., Bryobia praetiosa, Calipitrimerus spp., Chorioptes spp., Dermanyssus gallinae, Eotetranychus carpini, Eriophyes spp., Hyalomma spp., Olygonychus pratensis, Omithodoros spp., Panonychus spp., Phyllocoptruta oleivora, Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Psoroptes spp., Rhipicephalus spp., Rhizoglyphus spp., Sarcoptes spp., Tarsonemus spp. and Tetranychus spp.; and
  • Nematoda for example, the species of Meloidogyne spp. (for example, Meloidogyne incoginita and Meloidogyne javanica), Heterodera spp. (for example, Heterodera glycines, Heterodera schachtii, Heterodora avenae and Heterodora trifolii), Globodera spp. (for example, Globodera rostochiensis), Radopholus spp. (for example, Radopholus similes), Rotylenchulus spp., Pratylenchus spp.
  • pathogens are: - Microdichium oryzae, Cochliobolus miyabeanus, Pythium spp, Achlya spp, Magnaporthe grisea, Burkholderia glumae, Ustilaginoidea virens, Rhizoctonia spp, Magnaporthe grisea, Thanateporus cucumeris, Acrocylindrium oryzae, Magnaporthe salvinii, Magnaporthe grisea, Cochliobolus miyabeanus.Gibberella fujikuroi, Xanthomonas oryzae pv.
  • - fungal pathogens which includes seedbome and soilborne diseases, for example, Ascomycetes (e.g. Venturia, Podosphaera, Erysiphe, Monilinia, Mycosphaerella, Uncinula); Basidiomycetes (e.g. the genus Hemileia, Rhizoctonia, Puccinia, Ustilago, Tilletia); Fungi imperfecti (also known as Deuteromycetes; e.g.
  • Ascomycetes e.g. Venturia, Podosphaera, Erysiphe, Monilinia, Mycosphaerella, Uncinula
  • Basidiomycetes e.g. the genus Hemileia, Rhizoctonia, Puccinia, Ustilago, Tilletia
  • Fungi imperfecti also known as Deuteromycetes; e.g.
  • Botrytis Helminthosporium, Rhynchosporium, Fusarium, Septoria, Cercospora, Alternaria, Pyricularia and Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides); Oomycetes (e.g.
  • Verticillium spp. in particular against pathogens of cereals, such as wheat, barley, rye or oats; maize; rice; cotton; soybean; turf; sugarbeet; oil seed rape; potatoes; pulse crops, such as peas, lentils or chickpea; and sunflower.
  • fungicides used for the preparation of the impregnated mat for seeds according to the present invention are: (a) the strobilurin compound is from one or more of a strobilurin type: methoxyacrylate compound, strobilurin type: oxazolidinedione compound, strobilurin type: imidazolinone compound, strobilurin type: oximinoacetamide compound, strobilurin analogue: dihydrodioxazine compound, strobilurin type: oximinoacetate compound, and strobilurin type: methoxycarbamate compound.
  • a strobilurin compound is from one or more of a strobilurin type: methoxyacrylate compound, strobilurin type: oxazolidinedione compound, strobilurin type: imidazolinone compound, strobilurin type: oximinoacetamide compound, strobilurin analogue: dihydrodiox
  • the strobilurin compound is from one or more of fluoxastrobin, fenamidone, azoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, famoxadone, dimoxystrobin, metominostrobin, kresoxim- methyl, and trifloxystrobin.
  • Advantageous strobilurin compounds are fluoxastrobin and azoystrobin.
  • the DMI compound is from one or more of a DMI: piperazine compound, DMI: triazole compound, DMI: imidazole compound, and DMI: pyrimidine compound.
  • the DMI piperazine compound is triforine.
  • the DMI: triazole compound is selected from one or more of azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, paclobutrazol, propiconazole, prothioconazole, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, and triticonazole.
  • imidazole compound is selected from imazalil, oxpoconazole fumarate, pefurazoate, penconazole, prochloraz, and triflumizole.
  • the DMI: pyridine compound is pyrifenox.
  • the DMI: pyrimidine compound is fenarimol.
  • the DMI compound is from one or more of bitertanol, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, fluquinconazole, flutriafol, metconazole, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triticonazole, prochloraz and imazalil.
  • the benzimidzole compound is from one or more of carbendazim, fuberidazole and thiabendazole; advantageously one or more of fuberidazole and thiabendazole.
  • the benzotriazine compound is triazoxide.
  • the phenylpyrrole compound is from one or more of fenpiclonil and fludioxonil.
  • the anilinopyrimidine compound is from one or more cyprodinil and pyrimethanil.
  • the carboxamide compound is from one or more of boscalid, carboxin and silthiofam; advantageously one or more carboxin and silthiofam.
  • the phenylamide:acylalanine compound is one or more of benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M; advantageously one or more of metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M.
  • the fungicide is selected from a muliti-site class compound such as thiram, copper hydroxide, iminoctadine and mancozeb, especially thiram.
  • the fungicides are selected from one or more of benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, fuberdiazole, thiabendazole, azoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, bitertanol, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, fluquinconazole, flutriafol, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, triadimenol, triticonazole, fludioxonil, triazoxide, cyprodinil, carboxin, silthiofam, ipconazole, trifloxystrobin, imazalil, guazatine and 3-difluoromethyl-1 - methyl-1 Hpyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (2-bicyclopropyl-2-yl-phenyl)-amide.
  • benalaxyl ben
  • Strobilurin type fungicidal active ingredient azoxystrobin (methyl (£)-2- ⁇ 2-[6-(2- cyanophenoxy)pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl ⁇ -3-methoxyacrylate) is the preferred fungicide used for the preparation of the impregnated mat for seeds according to the present invention.
  • fungicidal active ingredients are used for the preparation of the impregnated mat for seeds according to the present invention: acibenzolar-S-methyl ; S-methyl benzo[1 ,2,3]thiadiazole-7-carbothioate), carpropamid; c/s, fra ⁇ s-3-chloro-4-[4- methyl-2-(1 H- 1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -ylmethyl)-1 ,3-dioxolan-2-yl]phenyl 4-chlorophenyl ether), edifenphos; (2f?S,3Sf?)-1-[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2,3-epoxy-2-(4-fluorophenyl)propyl]-1 H- 1 ,2,4- triazole), fenoxanil ; a mixture of 85% (/ ⁇ -/V-[(flS)-1-cyano-1 ,2-dimethylpropyl]-2-(2,
  • fungicidal active ingredients can be used alone or in admixture with other fungicidal active ingredients and / or animal pesticidal active ingredients.
  • the amount of fungicidal active ingredient in the seedling mat for rice impregnated with animal pesticide and/or fungicide according to the invention depends on different parameters such as, the type of fungicide, the presence of another fungicide and/or animal pesticide in the formulation, the variety and the amount of release controllable material.
  • the formulation will usually contain from 0.01 to 5% by weight of fungicidal active ingredient, preferably from 0.02 to 3 % by weight of fungicidal active ingredient which takes part of the composition of the mat for seeds according to the invention.
  • Thianicotinyl type insecticidal active ingredients are used for the preparation of the impregnated mat for seeds according to the present invention.
  • Thianicotinyl type insecticidal active ingredient thiamethoxam (3-(2-chloro-1 ,3- thiazol-5-ylmethyl)-5-methyl-1 ,3,5-oxadiazinan-4-ylidene(nitro)amine) is the preferred animal pesticide used for the preparation of the impregnated mat for seeds according to the present invention.
  • animal pesticides used for the preparation of the impregnated mat for seeds according to the present invention are: acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cyfluthrin, beta-cypermethrin, bifenthrin, bioallethrin, bioresmethrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, cyphenothrin, deltamethrin, empenthrin, esfenvalerate, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, flucythrinate, flumethrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, imiprothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, methothrin, meto
  • flubendiamide (3-iodo-/V-(2-mesyl-1 ,1-dimethylethyl)-/V- ⁇ 4-[1 ,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1 - (trifluoromethyl)ethyl]-o-tolyl ⁇ phthalamide), fipronil and a compound of formula A-1 to A-26 below.
  • animal pesticidal active ingredients can be used alone or in admixture with other animal pesticidal active ingredients and / or fungicidal active ingredients.
  • the amount of animal pesticidal active ingredient in the mat for seeds impregnated with animal pesticide and/or fungicide according to the invention depends on different parameters such as, the type of animal pesticide, the presence of another animal pesticide and/or fungicide in the formulation, the type and the amount of release controllable material.
  • the formulation will usually contain from 0.01 to 10% by weight of animal pesticidal active ingredient, preferably from 0.02 to 5% by weight of animal pesticidal active ingredient which takes part of the composition of the mat for seeds according to the invention.
  • the animal pesticidal or fungicidal active ingredients which are used for preparation of the impregnated mat for seeds according to the present invention, are in free form or in an agrochemically usable salt form.
  • animal pesticides used for the preparation of the impregnated mat for seeds according to the present invention are: benfuracarb ; ethyl ⁇ /-[2,3-dihydro-2,2- dimethylbenzofuran-7-yloxycarbonyl(methyl)aminothio]- ⁇ /-isopropyl- ⁇ -alaninate), buprofezin ; 2-tert-butylimino-3-isopropyl-5-phenyl-1 ,3,5-thiadiazinan-4-one), carbofuran ; 2,3-dihydro- 2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yl methylcarbamate), carbosulfan ; 2,3-dihydro-2,2- dimethylbenzofuran-7-yl (dibutylaminothio)methylcarbamate), cartap ; S,S'-(2- dimethylaminotrimethylene) bis(thiocarbamate)), cyromazine ; ⁇ /-cyclopropyl
  • Preferred pesticides are selected from one or more of benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, fuberdiazole, thiabendazole, azoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, bitertanol, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, fluquinconazole, flutriafol, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, triadimenol, triticonazole, fludioxonil, triazoxide, cyprodinil, carboxin, silthiofam, ipconazole, trifloxystrobin, imazalil, guazatine, 3-difluoromethyl-1 - methyl-1 Hpyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (2-bicyclopropyl-2-yl-phenyl)-amide, thiamethoxam, imid
  • the fungicidal active ingredients and/or animal pesticidal active ingredients are used in unmodified form or, preferably, together with the adjuvants conventionally employed in the art of formulation. To this end they are conveniently formulated in known manner to emulsifiable concentrates, coatable pastes, directly sprayable or dilutable solutions or suspensions, dilute emulsions, wettable powders, soluble powders, dusts, granulates, and also encapsulations e.g. in polymeric substances.
  • the methods of application such as spraying, atomising, dusting, scattering, coating or pouring, are chosen in accordance with the intended objectives and the prevailing circumstances.
  • the compositions may also contain further adjuvants such as stabilizers, antifoams, viscosity regulators, binders or tackifiers as well as fertilizers, micronutrient donors or other formulations for obtaining special effects.
  • Suitable carriers and adjuvants can be solid or liquid and are substances useful in formulation technology, e.g. natural or regenerated mineral substances, solvents, dispersants, wetting agents, tackifiers, thickeners, binders or fertilizers. Such carriers are for example described in WO 97/33890.
  • the new mat for seeds can control the release rate of pesticidal active ingredient.
  • Release controllable materials can be used for effective releasing because it is difficult to release the active ingredient exactly at the needed time and at the needed concentration. Release control can be achieved, for example, by encapsulation and extrusion.
  • the property of the active ingredient, and property and composition of release controllable material determine the releasable characteristics, such as time, temperature, and other factors.
  • There are several release controllable auxiliaries such as surfactants, solvents, oils, polymer resins and solid fillers. Each release controllable auxiliary makes the release rate fast or slow according to the purpose of release control.
  • the release controllable material, which is used for this invention can be selected to correspond to the purpose of this invention.
  • polyoxyethylene alkyl ether polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether, polyoxyethylene tristyryl aryl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ester, polyoxyethylene alkyl amine, polyoxyethylene sorbitanfatty ester, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer, polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives, sorbitan fatty eater, other non-ionic surfactants, sodium alkyl sulfonate, alkyl sulfosuccinate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, diisopropylnaphthalene sulfonate, alkyl aryl sulfonate formaldehyde condensate and other anionic surfactants are used (claim 4).
  • surfactants can be used singularly or pluraly.
  • the amount of surfactants depends on the type and amount of pesticidal active ingredient and other release controllable sub materials and whether other release controllable materials are present or not, but 0.01 - 10% by weight of surfactants, preferably 0.5 - 5% by weight of surfactants are impregnated into total composition.
  • mineral oils such as paraffin, white mineral oil and vegetable oils such as olive oil, soybean oil, rape seed oil, corn oil, castor oil, cotton seed oil, coconut oil and palm oil can be used singularly or pluraly (claim 5).
  • the amount of solvents depends on the type of solvent and the amount of pesticidal active ingredient and other release controllable materials and whether other release controllable materials are present. 0.005 - 10% by weight of solvents, preferably 0.1 - 5% by weight of solvents are part of the total composition.
  • polymer resins polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, sodium polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sodium alginate, polysaccarides such as starch and dextrin, and gums such as arabic gum, guar gum, xanthan gum and gellan gum can be used singularly or pluraly (claim 6).
  • the amount of polymer resins depends on the amount of pesticidal active ingredient and other release controllable materials and whether release controllable materials are present or not. 0.0005 - 20% by weight of polymer resins, preferably 0,01 - 10% by weight of polymer resins are part of the total composition.
  • fillers pyrophyllite, talc, bentonite, white carbon, urea formaldehyde condensate, kaolin, calcium carbonate, clay, silica and zeolite can be used singularly or pluraly.
  • solid filler is used as filler (claim 7).
  • the content of fillers depends on the type and amount of pesticidal active ingredient and other release controllable materials and whether other release controllable materials are present or not. 0.1 - 50% by weight of filler, preferably 1 - 35% by weight of filler are part of the total composition.
  • anti-foamers In addition, anti-foamers, anti-freezers, stabilizers for example can also be part of the mat according to this invention.
  • the bed soil or raw materials used for the mat of this invention contain organic materials and paper fibers, which are well known to whom those having general knowledge in agribusiness industries.
  • the organic bed soil composition which contains organic materials and paper fibers in fixed ratio, can be used as raw materials in the mat of the instant invention.
  • a seedling mat which is also disclosed in this Korean patent registration containing 60 - 90%w/w of organic raw materials, 10 - 40%w/w of paper fibers, and also 0.1 - 0.5%w/w of non-ionic surfactants and 3 - 5%w/w of harmful organism repellents can be used in the mat of the instant invention.
  • This seedling mat can also contain mat formable organic and inorganic materials additionally such as sawdust, loess, zeolite, and vermiculite and by-products of farm product including straw.
  • Other examples of raw materials is disclosed in Korean patent applications N° 1020040097818 and 1020030012743, which describe a bed soil composition comprising organic raw material composed of peat moss, coconut peat and expanded chaff, as well as paper fiber (or cellulose) obtained from corrugated cardboards, newspaper waste or graft paper.
  • the mat for seeds according to the present invention comprises preferably: a) 0.01 to 10%w/w of animal pesticidal active ingredient, and/or 0.01 to 5%w/w of fungicidal active ingredient, and b) 0.01 to 10%w/w of surfactant, and 0.005 to 10%w/w of solvent, and 0.0005 to 20%w/w of polymer resin, and
  • the mat for seeds according to the present invention comprises more preferably: a) 0.02 to 5%w/w of animal pesticidal active ingredient, and/or
  • a process for the preparation of mat for seeds comprises the steps of: a) mixing at least one solid or liquid pesticidal active ingredients with at least one ingredient for the preparation of release controllable material selected from the group of surfactants, solvents, polymer resins and fillers, b) wet milling the mixture prepared in (a) until an average particle size of 2 to 5 micron, c) mixing the milled mixture prepared in (b) with mix of organic raw materials and paper fibers, and d) forming a mat by using a mat former with the mixture obtained in (c) (claim 11 ).
  • a mat former is an apparatus which allows to prepare the mat according to the invention through suction of slurry containing organic raw materials and/or paper fiber among others and forming a frame. Such devices are known in the art.
  • a process for the preparation of mat for seeds comprises the steps of: a) mixing at least one solid or liquid pesticidal active ingredients with at least one ingredient for the preparation of release controllable material selected from the group of surfactants, solvents, polymer resins and fillers, b) extruding the mixture prepared in (a) to form granules, c) coating the granules prepared in (b) with release controllable polymer resins, d) mixing the coated granules prepared in (c) with mix of organic raw materials and paper fibers, and e) forming a mat by using a mat former with the mixture obtained in (d) (claim
  • a process for the preparation of a mat for seeds comprises the steps of: a) mixing at least one solid or liquid pesticidal active ingredients with at least one ingredient for the preparation of release controllable material selected from the group of surfactants, solvents, polymer resins and fillers, b) wet milling the mixture prepared in (a) until an average particle size of 2 to 5 micron, c) extruding the milled mixture prepared in (b) to form granules, d) coating the granules prepared in (c) with release controllable polymer resins, and e) forming a mat by using a mat former with the mixture obtained in (d) (claim 13).
  • the seeds of agronomic plants or crops sown on to the mat also include for example, seeds treated with with one or more active ingredients.
  • Treatment could vary from a thin film (dressing) of the formulation containing the active ingredient(s) on a seed, where the original size and/or shape are recognizable to an intermediary state (such as a coating) and then to a thicker film, such as pelleting with many layers of different materials (such as carriers, for example, clays; different formulations, such as of other active ingredients; polymers; and colourants) where the original shape and/or size of the seed is no longer recognisable.
  • Test example 1 Formulation of fungicide 1
  • the mat for rice seeds which is impregnated with fungicide 1 , is formulated by the following process;
  • Test example 2 Formulation of fungicide 2
  • the mat for rice seeds which is impregnated with fungicide 2 is formulated by the following process; Mix 41 Og of Azoxystrobin (98.4%, Syngenta / strobilurin type fungicide) with 59Og of paraffin oil in a 2L beaker. Agitate the mixture for about 10 minutes and wet milling until the average particle size is 2 to 5 micron.
  • Azoxystrobin 98.4%, Syngenta / strobilurin type fungicide
  • Test example 3 Formulation of fungicide 3
  • the mat for rice seeds which is impregnated with fungicide 3, is formulated by the following process;
  • Test example 4 Formulation of fungicide 4
  • the mat for rice seeds which is impregnated with fungicide 4, is formulated by the following process;
  • Test example 5 Formulation of insecticide 1
  • the mat for rice seeds which is impregnated with Insecticide 1 , is formulated by the following process;
  • Test example 6 Formulation of insecticide 2
  • the mat for rice seeds which is impregnated with Insecticide 2, is formulated by the following process;
  • Test example 7 Formulation of insecticide 3
  • the mat for rice seeds which is impregnated with Insecticide 3, is formulated by the following process;
  • the mat for rice seeds which is impregnated with Insecticide 4, is formulated by the following process;
  • Test example 9 Formulation of insecticide 5
  • the mat for rice seeds which is impregnated with Insecticide 5, is formulated by the following process;
  • Test example 10 Mat for rice seeds N° 1 impregnated with fungicide formulation 1
  • the mat for rice seeds N° 1 , impregnated with fungicide formulation 1 is formulated by the following process;
  • Test example 11 Mat for rice seeds N° 2. impregnated with fungicide formulation 2
  • the mat for rice seeds N° 2, impregnated with fungicide formulation 2 is formulated by the same process as test example 10, except adding of fungicide 2 instead of fungicide 1.
  • Test example 12 Mat for rice seeds N° 3. impregnated with fungicide formulation 3
  • the mat for rice seeds N° 3, impregnated with fungicide formulation 3 is formulated by the same process as test example 10, except adding of fungicide 3 instead of fungicide 1.
  • the mat for rice seeds N° 4, impregnated with fungicide formulation 4 is formulated by the same process as test example 10, except mixing 800g of fungicide 4, which was prepared by test example 4 with 40Og of the raw materials for the formation of a mat for rice seeds instead of fungicide 1
  • Test example 14 Mat for rice seeds N° 5. impregnated with insecticide formulation 1
  • the mat for rice seeds N° 5, impregnated with insecticide formulation 1 is formulated by the following process; Mix 2Og of insecticide 1 prepared by test example 5 with 118Og of the raw materials for formation of rice seedling mat (Korean patent number KR 438049) as dry base, which is sold under the commercial name "Choabang Topsoil Mat” by National Agro Co. and form the seed mat composition 5 for rice, impregnated with insecticide formulation 1.
  • Test example 15 Mat for rice seeds N° 6. impregnated with insecticide formulation 2
  • the mat for rice seeds N° 6, impregnated with insecticide formulation 2 is formulated by the same process as test example 14, except adding of insecticide 2, which was prepared by test example 6 instead of insecticide 1.
  • Test example 16 Mat for rice seeds N° 7. impregnated with insecticide formulation 3
  • the mat for rice seeds N° 7, impregnated with insecticide formulation 3 is formulated by the same process as test example 14, except adding of insecticide 3, which was prepared by test example 7 instead of insecticide 1.
  • Test example 17 Mat for rice seeds N° 8, impregnated with insecticide formulation 4
  • the mat for rice seeds N° 8, impregnated with insecticide formulation 4 is formulated by the same process as test example 14, except adding of insecticide 4, which was prepared by test example 8 instead of insecticide 1.
  • Test example 18 Mat for rice seeds N° 9. impregnated with insecticide formulation 5
  • the mat for rice seeds N° 9, impregnated with insecticide formulation 5 is formulated by the same process as test example 14, except mixing 20Og of insecticide 5, which was prepared by test example 9 with 100Og of the raw materials for formation of rice seed mat instead of insecticide 1.
  • Test example 19 Mat for rice seeds N° 10. impregnated both with fungicide formulation 1 and insecticide formulation 1
  • the mat for rice seeds N° 10, impregnated both with fungicide formulation 1 and insecticide formulation 1 is formulated by the following process; Mix 200g of fungicide 1 , which was prepared by test example 1 and 2Og of insecticide 1 , which was prepared by test example 5 with 98Og of the raw materials for formation of rice seedling mat (Korean patent number KR 438049) as dry base, which is sold under the commercial name "Choabang Topsoil Mat” by National Agro Co. and form mat composition 10 for rice, impregnated both with fungicide formulation 1 and insecticide formulation 1.
  • Test example 20 Mat for rice seeds N° 11. impregnated both with fungicide formulation 2 and insecticide formulation 2
  • the mat for rice seeds N° 11 , impregnated both with fungicide formulation 2 and insecticide formulation 2 is formulated by the same process as test example 19 except using fungicide 2 and insecticide 2 instead of fungicide 1 and insecticide 1.
  • Test example 21 Mat for rice seeds N° 12. impregnated both with fungicide formulation 3 and insecticide formulation 3 The mat for rice seeds N° 12, impregnated both with fungicide formulation 3 and insecticide formulation 3 is formulated by the same process as test example 19 except using fungicide 3 and insecticide 3 instead of fungicide 1 and insecticide 1.
  • Test example 22 Mat for rice seeds N° 13. impregnated both with fungicide formulation 4 and insecticide formulation 4
  • Test example 23 Mat for rice seeds N 0 14. impregnated both with fungicide formulation 1 and insecticide formulation 5
  • Test example 24 Mat for rice seeds N° 15, impregnated both with fungicide formulation 1 and insecticide formulation 5
  • the mat for rice seeds N 0 15 for rice, impregnated both with fungicide formulation 1 and insecticide formulation 5 is formulated by the same process as test example 23, except using fungicide 2 instead of fungicide 1.
  • Test example 25 Mat for rice seeds N 0 16. impregnated both with fungicide formulation 3 and insecticide formulation 5
  • the mat for rice seeds N° 16, impregnated both with fungicide formulation 3 and insecticide formulation 5 is formulated by the same process as test example 23, except using fungicide 3 instead of fungicide 1.
  • Test example 26 Mat for rice seeds N° 17. impregnated both with fungicide formulation 4 and insecticide formulation 5
  • the mat for rice seeds N° 17, impregnated both with fungicide formulation 4 and insecticide formulation 5 is formulated by the same process as test example 23, except using 80Og of fungicide 4 instead of fungicide 1 with 20Og of the raw materials for formation of rice seed mat.
  • Test example 27 Mat for rice seeds N° 18, impregnated both with fungicide formulations 1 & 4 and insecticide formulations 1 & 5
  • the mat for rice seeds N° 18, impregnated both with fungicide formulations 1 & 4 and insecticide formulations 1 & 5 is formulated by the same process as test example 23, except using 100g of fungicide 1 , 40Og of fungicide 4, 10g of insecticide 1 and 100g of insecticide 5 with 39Og of the raw materials for formation of rice seed mat.
  • a conventional granule type product comprising an insecticide and fungicide mixture for seedling box application was selected as a comparative example 2.
  • Pesticide untreated germinated seed is sown onto nursery with same nursing method as comparative example 1.
  • Transplanting was conducted after treating-scattering the pesticide onto nursery box at 0 to 7 days before transplanting.
  • Plot for efficacy trial is designed as 30m 2 (5m * 6m, In general, 1 seed mat can be transplanted) and the depth of paddy water is controlled at 3-5cm.
  • the evaluation of fungicidal efficacy is calculated by comparing disease severity of untreated plots with those of treated plots.
  • To evaluate insecticidal efficacy the number of target insect per plant is counted in order to compare the efficacy with untreated plot. Efficacy was expressed by percent (%). Observation for crop safety is carried out in nursery box until the day before transplanting and is kept until the biological efficacy evaluation is completed.
  • compositions of seed mat for rice impregnated both with fungicide and insecticide have good biological efficacy.
  • release controllable compositions of seed mat for rice impregnated both with fungicide and insecticide show better biological efficacy.

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Abstract

The invention provides a new mat for seeds and a method for producing the same comprising: a) at least one animal pesticidal active ingredient and/or at least one fungicidal active ingredient, b) at least one release controllable material comprising surfactant, solvent, polymer resin and filler, and c) as bed soil a mix of organic raw materials and/or paper fibers.

Description

A mat for seeds and the method for producing the same
This invention relates to a new mat for seeds suitable for seeding, germination, and growing of the resulting seedlings and and a method for producing said mat impregnated with one or more animal pesticides and/or fungicides. Said mat for seeds becomes a seedling mat after germination of the seeds. The mat for seeds according to the instant invention is preferably for rice seeds and/or seedlings. During the manufacturing step, the mat for seeds is mixed with at least one animal pesticide and/or at least one fungicide.
In the case of conventional animal pesticide and/or fungicide formulations, application methods are mainly foliar application after dilution with water, direct application to paddy field after transplanting or seedling box treatment just before transplanting. But these kinds of application methods need long time and much manpower. Farmer is exposed to pesticides, and much physical work is necessary for an appropriate pest, such as diseases and/or insects, control at suitable time. In a Korean patent KR 438049, a bed soil composition for a mat for rice seeds and seedlings is described. The bed soil composition of this patent improved adsorption of moisture and made the mat more even. However there is no comment about release control of pesticides such as fungicide and/or animal pesticide. Therefore developing a new mat for seeds, which can control pests, such as insects and/or diseases, with labor saving and reduced exposure during germination and growth of plants, rice for example, responds to a clear demand.
Accordingly, the present invention provides in a first aspect a mat for seeds, especially of agronomic or crop plants, comprising; a) at least one animal pesticidal active ingredient and/or at least one fungicidal active ingredient, b) at least one release controllable material comprising surfactant, solvent, polymer resin and filler, and c) as bed soil a mix of organic raw materials and/or paper fibers(claim 1 ).
The mat according to present invention is impregnated with fungicide and/or animal pesticide. Therefore, the mat can control animals pests and/or diseases, especially insects and/or diseases, without any further active ingredient application to the seeds or seedlings, particulary in a field. The mat according to the present invention can also be impregnated with beneficial factors. Beneficial factors are for example fertilizers like nitrogen, potassium, phosphate, sulphur and/or trace elements like zinc, molybdenum, manganese and iron.
The new mat for seeds of this invention can be formulated easily and conveniently by impregnating fungicide and/or animal pesticide into mat in advance of the seeds being put on the mat. Therefore, no more later application of fungicide and/or animal pesticide is necessary.
This invention is also directed to the use of a controlled release formulation comprising at least one animal pesticidal active ingredient and/or at least one fungicidal active ingredient together with the mat for seeds for controlling insects and/or pathogens(clairr) 14).
In a first embodiment, the mat is used for rice seeds and/or seedlings(claims 15).
In a second embodiment, the mat is used for seeds and/or seedlings of agronomic plants or crops of cereals, such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, maize or sorghum; beet, such as sugar or fodder beet; fruit, for example pome fruit, stone fruit and soft fruit, such as apples, pears, plums, peaches, almonds, cherries or berries, for example strawberries, raspberries or blackberries; legumes, such as beans, lentils, peas or soya beans; oil crops such as oil seed rape, mustard, poppies, olives, sunflowers, coconuts, castor, cacao or peanuts; the marrow family, such as pumpkins, cucumbers or melons; fibre plants such as cotton, flax, hemp or jute; citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits or tangerines; vegetables such as spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbage species, carrots, onions, chillis, tomatoes, potatoes, or capsicums; the laurel family such as avocado, Cinnamonium or camphor; and tobacco, nuts, coffee, egg plants, sugar cane, tea, pepper, grapevines, hops, the banana family, latex plants, ornamentals, flowers and turf grasses(claim 16). In a preferred embodiment the present invention provides a mat for seedlings.
The mat according to the instant invention is used advantageously for controlling damage on seeds and/or seedlings by animal pests and/or pathogens.
Examples of animal pests are:
- Insects, for example, Pseudaletia separate, Nilaparvata lugens, Laodelphax striatellus, Sogatella furcifera, Nephotettix cincticeps, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Hydrellia griseola, Oulema oryzae, Aphelenchoides besseyi, Chlorops oryzae, Chilo suppressalis,
Cnaphalocrocis medinalis.Thrips, Chironomus oryzae, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Tryporyzae incertulas, Parnara guttata, Neranga aenescens, Hydrellia sasakii, Agromyza oryzae,
Scotinophara lurida, Lagynotomus elongates, Leptocorixa coretti, Cletus trigonus, Donacia pravostii, Notiphila sekiyai, Susumia exigua, Sesamia inferens, Leucania separate, Tipula aino, Echinocnemus squameus, Mycalesis gotama, Conocephalus japonicus, Homorocoryphus jezoensis and Lymantria dispar;
- from the order Lepidoptera, for example, Acleris spp., Adoxophyes spp., Aegeria spp., Agrotis spp., Alabama argillaceae, Amylois spp., Anticarsia gemmatalis, Archips spp., Argyrotaenia spp., Autographa spp., Busseola fusca, Cadra cautella, Carposina nipponensis, Chilo spp., Choristoneura spp., Clysia ambiguella, Cnaphalocrocis spp., Cnephasia spp., Cochylis spp., Coleophora spp., Crocidolomia spp., Cryptophlebia leucotreta, Crysodeixis includens, Cydia spp., Diatraea spp., Diparopsis castanea, Earias spp., Elasmopalpus spp., Ephestia spp., Eucosma spp., Eupoecilia ambiguella, Euproctis spp., Euxoa spp., Grapholita spp., Hedya nubiferana, Heliothis spp., HeIIuIa undalis, Hyphantria cunea, Keiferia lycopersicella, Leucoptera scitella, Lithocollethis spp., Lobesia botrana, Lymantria spp., Lyonetia spp., Malacosoma spp., Mamestra brassicae, Manduca sexta, Operophtera spp., Ostrinia nubilalis, Pammene spp., Pandemis spp., Panolis flammea, Pectinophora gossypiella, Phthorimaea operculella, Pieris rapae, Pieris spp., Plutella xylostella, Prays spp., Scirpophaga spp., Sesamia spp., Sparganothis spp., Spodoptera spp., Synanthedon spp., Thaumetopoea spp., Tortrix spp., Trichoplusia ni and Yponomeuta spp.;
- from the order Coleoptera, for example, Agriotes spp., Anthonomus spp., Atomaria linearis, Ceutorhynchus spp., Chaetocnema tibialis, Cosmopolites spp., Curculio spp., Dermestes spp., Diabrotica spp., Epilachna spp., Eremnus spp., Gonocephalum spp., Heteronychus spp., Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Lissorhoptrus spp., Melolontha spp., Orycaephilus spp., Otiorhynchus spp., Phlyctinus spp., Phyllotreta spp., Popillia spp., Protostrophus spp., Psylliodes spp., Rhizopertha spp., Scarabeidae, Sitophilus spp., Sitotroga spp., Tenebrio spp., Tribolium spp. and Trogoderma spp.;
- from the order Orthoptera, for example, Blatta spp., Blattella spp., Gryllotalpa spp., Leucophaea maderae, Locusta spp., Periplaneta spp. and Schistocerca spp.;
- from the order Isoptera, for example, Reticulitermes spp.;
- from the order Psocoptera, for example, Liposcelis spp.;
- from the order Anoplura, for example, Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., Pemphigus spp. and Phylloxera spp.; - from the order Mallophaga, for example, Damalinea spp. and Trichodectes spp.;
- from the order Thysanoptera, for example, Frankliniella spp., Hercinothrips spp., Taeniothrips spp., Thrips palmi, Thrips tabaci and Scirtothrips aurantii;
- from the order Heteroptera, for example, Dichelops melacanthus, Distantiella theobroma, Dysdercus spp., Euchistus spp., Eurygaster spp., Leptocorisa spp., Nezara spp., Piesma spp., Rhodnius spp., Sahlbergella singularis, Scotinophara spp. and Triatoma spp.; - from the order Homoptera, for example, Aleurothrixus floccosus, Aleyrodes brassicae, Aonidiella spp., Aphididae, Aphis spp., Aspidiotus spp., Bemisia tabaci, Ceroplaster spp., Chrysomphalus aonidium, Chrysomphalus dictyospermi, Coccus hesperidum, Empoasca spp., Eriosoma larigerum, Erythroneura spp., Gascardia spp., Laodelphax spp., Lecanium corni, Lepidosaphes spp., Macrosiphus spp., Myzus spp., Nephotettix spp., Nilaparvata spp., Paratoria spp., Pemphigus spp., Planococcus spp., Pseudaulacaspis spp., Pseudococcus spp., Psylla spp., Pulvinaria aethiopica, Quadraspidiotus spp., Rhopalosiphum spp., Saissetia spp., Scaphoideus spp., Schizaphis spp., Sitobion spp., Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Trioza erytreae and Unaspis citri; - from the order Hymenoptera, for example, Acromyrmex, Athalia rosae, Atta spp.,
Cephus spp., Diprion spp., Diprionidae, Gilpinia polytoma, Hoplocampa spp., Lasius spp., Monomorium pharaonis, Neodiprion spp., Solenopsis spp. and Vespa spp.;
- from the order Diptera, for example, Antherigona soccata, Bibio hortulanus, , Ceratitis spp., Chrysomyia spp., Culex spp., Cuterebra spp., Dacus spp., Delia spp., Drosophila melanogaster, Liriomyza spp., Melanagromyza spp., Orseolia spp., Oscinella frit, Pegomyia hyoscyami, Phorbia spp., Rhagoletis pomonella, Sciara spp.,;
- from the order Acarina, for example, Acarus siro, Aceria sheldoni, Aculus schlechtendali, Amblyomma spp., Argas spp.,, Brevipalpus spp., Bryobia praetiosa, Calipitrimerus spp., Chorioptes spp., Dermanyssus gallinae, Eotetranychus carpini, Eriophyes spp., Hyalomma spp., Olygonychus pratensis, Omithodoros spp., Panonychus spp., Phyllocoptruta oleivora, Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Psoroptes spp., Rhipicephalus spp., Rhizoglyphus spp., Sarcoptes spp., Tarsonemus spp. and Tetranychus spp.; and
- from the class Nematoda, for example, the species of Meloidogyne spp. (for example, Meloidogyne incoginita and Meloidogyne javanica), Heterodera spp. (for example, Heterodera glycines, Heterodera schachtii, Heterodora avenae and Heterodora trifolii), Globodera spp. (for example, Globodera rostochiensis), Radopholus spp. (for example, Radopholus similes), Rotylenchulus spp., Pratylenchus spp. (for example, Pratylenchus neglectans and Pratylenchus penetrans), Aphelenchoides spp., Helicotylenchus spp., Hoplolaimus spp., Paratrichodorus spp., Longidorus spp., Nacobbus spp., Subanguina spp. Belonlaimus spp., Criconemella spp., Criconemoides spp. Ditylenchus spp., Dolichodorus spp., Hemicriconemoides spp., Hemicycliophora spp., Hirschmaniella spp., Hypsoperine spp., Macroposthonia spp., Melinius spp., Punctodera spp., Quinisulcius spp., Scutellonema spp., Xiphinema spp., and Tylenchorhynchus spp.
Examples of pathogens are: - Microdichium oryzae, Cochliobolus miyabeanus, Pythium spp, Achlya spp, Magnaporthe grisea, Burkholderia glumae, Ustilaginoidea virens, Rhizoctonia spp, Magnaporthe grisea, Thanateporus cucumeris, Acrocylindrium oryzae, Magnaporthe salvinii, Magnaporthe grisea, Cochliobolus miyabeanus.Gibberella fujikuroi, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Rice black-streaked dwarf virus, Rice dwarf virus, Rice stripe virus, Acidovorax avenae, Puntoea herbicola, False rice blast, Cercospora oryzae, Clodosporium herbarum, Brachysporium blotch, Entyloma oryzae, Gaumanomyces graminis, Gibberella fujikuroi, Gibberella zeae, Hendersonia oryzae, Leptosphaeria iwamotori, Pyrenochaeta oryzae, Phyllostricta spp, Pythium aristosporum, Rhizoctonia cerealis, Rhizoctonia fumigate, Rhizoctonia oryzae, Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativa, Sclerophthora macrospore, Sclerotium hydrophilum, Sclerotium spp and Tilletia berclayana;
- fungal pathogens which includes seedbome and soilborne diseases, for example, Ascomycetes (e.g. Venturia, Podosphaera, Erysiphe, Monilinia, Mycosphaerella, Uncinula); Basidiomycetes (e.g. the genus Hemileia, Rhizoctonia, Puccinia, Ustilago, Tilletia); Fungi imperfecti (also known as Deuteromycetes; e.g. Botrytis, Helminthosporium, Rhynchosporium, Fusarium, Septoria, Cercospora, Alternaria, Pyricularia and Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides); Oomycetes (e.g. Phytophthora, Peronospora, Pseudoperonospora, Albugo, Bremia, Pythium, Pseudosclerospora, Plasmopara); specific examples are Alternaria spp., Ascochyta spp., Botrytis cinerea, Cercospora spp., Claviceps purpurea, Cochliobolus sativus, Colletotrichum spp., Epicoccum spp., Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium subglutinans, Gaumannomyces graminis , Helminthosporium spp., Microdochium nivale, Penicillium spp., Phoma spp., Pyrenophora graminea, Pyricularia oryzae, Rhizoctonia solani, Rhizoctonia cerealis, Sclerotinia spp., Septoria spp., Sphacelotheca reilliana, Tilletia spp., Typhula incarnata, Urocystis occulta, Ustilago spp. or Verticillium spp.; in particular against pathogens of cereals, such as wheat, barley, rye or oats; maize; rice; cotton; soybean; turf; sugarbeet; oil seed rape; potatoes; pulse crops, such as peas, lentils or chickpea; and sunflower.
Examples of fungicides used for the preparation of the impregnated mat for seeds according to the present invention are: (a) the strobilurin compound is from one or more of a strobilurin type: methoxyacrylate compound, strobilurin type: oxazolidinedione compound, strobilurin type: imidazolinone compound, strobilurin type: oximinoacetamide compound, strobilurin analogue: dihydrodioxazine compound, strobilurin type: oximinoacetate compound, and strobilurin type: methoxycarbamate compound. In an embodiment, independent of other embodiments and aspects, (a) the strobilurin compound is from one or more of fluoxastrobin, fenamidone, azoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, famoxadone, dimoxystrobin, metominostrobin, kresoxim- methyl, and trifloxystrobin. Advantageous strobilurin compounds are fluoxastrobin and azoystrobin.
In an embodiment, independent of other embodiments and aspects, (b) the DMI compound is from one or more of a DMI: piperazine compound, DMI: triazole compound, DMI: imidazole compound, and DMI: pyrimidine compound.
The DMI: piperazine compound is triforine. The DMI: triazole compound is selected from one or more of azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, paclobutrazol, propiconazole, prothioconazole, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, and triticonazole. The DMI: imidazole compound is selected from imazalil, oxpoconazole fumarate, pefurazoate, penconazole, prochloraz, and triflumizole.
The DMI: pyridine compound is pyrifenox.
The DMI: pyrimidine compound is fenarimol.
In an embodiment, independent of other embodiments and aspects, (b) the DMI compound is from one or more of bitertanol, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, fluquinconazole, flutriafol, metconazole, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triticonazole, prochloraz and imazalil.
In an embodiment, independent of other embodiments and aspects, (c) the benzimidzole compound is from one or more of carbendazim, fuberidazole and thiabendazole; advantageously one or more of fuberidazole and thiabendazole.
In an embodiment, independent of other embodiments and aspects, (d) the benzotriazine compound is triazoxide.
In an embodiment, independent of other embodiments and aspects, (e) the phenylpyrrole compound is from one or more of fenpiclonil and fludioxonil. In an embodiment, independent of other embodiments and aspects, (f) the anilinopyrimidine compound is from one or more cyprodinil and pyrimethanil.
In an embodiment, independent of other embodiments and aspects, (g) the carboxamide compound is from one or more of boscalid, carboxin and silthiofam; advantageously one or more carboxin and silthiofam. In an embodiment, independent of other embodiments and aspects, (h) the phenylamide:acylalanine compound is one or more of benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M; advantageously one or more of metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M.
In an embodiment, independent of other embodiments and aspects, the fungicide is selected from a muliti-site class compound such as thiram, copper hydroxide, iminoctadine and mancozeb, especially thiram.
Preferably, the fungicides are selected from one or more of benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, fuberdiazole, thiabendazole, azoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, bitertanol, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, fluquinconazole, flutriafol, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, triadimenol, triticonazole, fludioxonil, triazoxide, cyprodinil, carboxin, silthiofam, ipconazole, trifloxystrobin, imazalil, guazatine and 3-difluoromethyl-1 - methyl-1 Hpyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (2-bicyclopropyl-2-yl-phenyl)-amide.
Strobilurin type fungicidal active ingredient azoxystrobin (methyl (£)-2-{2-[6-(2- cyanophenoxy)pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl}-3-methoxyacrylate) is the preferred fungicide used for the preparation of the impregnated mat for seeds according to the present invention.
Alternatively, the following fungicidal active ingredients are used for the preparation of the impregnated mat for seeds according to the present invention: acibenzolar-S-methyl ; S-methyl benzo[1 ,2,3]thiadiazole-7-carbothioate), carpropamid; c/s, fraπs-3-chloro-4-[4- methyl-2-(1 H- 1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -ylmethyl)-1 ,3-dioxolan-2-yl]phenyl 4-chlorophenyl ether), edifenphos; (2f?S,3Sf?)-1-[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2,3-epoxy-2-(4-fluorophenyl)propyl]-1 H- 1 ,2,4- triazole), fenoxanil ; a mixture of 85% (/^-/V-[(flS)-1-cyano-1 ,2-dimethylpropyl]-2-(2,4- dichlorophenoxy)propionamide and 15% (S)-Λ/-[(RS)-1 -cyano-1 ,2-dimethylpropyl]-2-(2,4- dichlorophenoxy)propionamide), 4-(2,2-difluoro-1 ,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)pyrrole-3-carbonitrile), Flutolanil ; α, α, α-trifluoro-3'-isopropoxy-otoluanilide), fthalide ; (RS)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)- 1-(1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-1-yl)hexan-2-ol), hymexazole ; 5-methylisoxazol-3-ol), Metalaxyl ; methyl Λ/-(methoxyacetyl)-Λ/-(2,6-xylyl)-DL-alaninate; methyl Λ/-(methoxyacetyl)-Λ/-(2,6-xylyl)-D- alaninate; (£)-2-methoxyimino-Λ/-methyl-2-(2-phenoxyphenyl)acetamide), pencycuron ; 1-(4- chlorobenzyl)-1 -cyclopentyl-3-phenylurea), probenazole; (±)-1 -[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4- propyl-1 ,3-dioxolan-2-ylmethyl]-1 H- 1 ,2,4-triazole), pyroquilon; 2-(thiazol-4-yl)benzimidazole ; 2-(1 ,3-thiazol-4-yl)benzimidazole), thiadinil ; 3'-chloro-4,4'-dimethyl-1 ,2,3-thiadiazole-5- carboxanilide), tricyclazole ; 5-methyl-1 ,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b][1 ,3]benzothiazole), validamycin ; 1 L-(1 ,3,4/2,6)-2,3-dihydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-4-[(1 S,4fi,5S,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3- hydroxymethylcyclohex-2-enylamino]cyclohexyl-D-glucopyranoside) (claim 8).
These fungicidal active ingredients can be used alone or in admixture with other fungicidal active ingredients and / or animal pesticidal active ingredients. The amount of fungicidal active ingredient in the seedling mat for rice impregnated with animal pesticide and/or fungicide according to the invention depends on different parameters such as, the type of fungicide, the presence of another fungicide and/or animal pesticide in the formulation, the variety and the amount of release controllable material. The formulation will usually contain from 0.01 to 5% by weight of fungicidal active ingredient, preferably from 0.02 to 3 % by weight of fungicidal active ingredient which takes part of the composition of the mat for seeds according to the invention.
Thianicotinyl type insecticidal active ingredients are used for the preparation of the impregnated mat for seeds according to the present invention.
Thianicotinyl type insecticidal active ingredient thiamethoxam (3-(2-chloro-1 ,3- thiazol-5-ylmethyl)-5-methyl-1 ,3,5-oxadiazinan-4-ylidene(nitro)amine) is the preferred animal pesticide used for the preparation of the impregnated mat for seeds according to the present invention.
Examples of animal pesticides used for the preparation of the impregnated mat for seeds according to the present invention are: acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cyfluthrin, beta-cypermethrin, bifenthrin, bioallethrin, bioresmethrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, cyphenothrin, deltamethrin, empenthrin, esfenvalerate, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, flucythrinate, flumethrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, imiprothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, methothrin, metofluthrin, permethrin, phenothrin, prallethrin, resmethrin, tau-fluvalinate, tefluthrin, tetramethrin, theta-cypermethrin, tralomethrin, transfluthrin, zeta-cypermethrin, abamectin, emamectin, spinosad, doramectin, eprinomectin, ivermectin, selamectin, and substituted milbemectins, such a compound of formula
Figure imgf000009_0001
flubendiamide (3-iodo-/V-(2-mesyl-1 ,1-dimethylethyl)-/V-{4-[1 ,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1 - (trifluoromethyl)ethyl]-o-tolyl}phthalamide), fipronil and a compound of formula A-1 to A-26 below.
Figure imgf000010_0001
Figure imgf000011_0001
Figure imgf000012_0001
Figure imgf000013_0001
These animal pesticidal active ingredients can be used alone or in admixture with other animal pesticidal active ingredients and / or fungicidal active ingredients.
The amount of animal pesticidal active ingredient in the mat for seeds impregnated with animal pesticide and/or fungicide according to the invention depends on different parameters such as, the type of animal pesticide, the presence of another animal pesticide and/or fungicide in the formulation, the type and the amount of release controllable material. The formulation will usually contain from 0.01 to 10% by weight of animal pesticidal active ingredient, preferably from 0.02 to 5% by weight of animal pesticidal active ingredient which takes part of the composition of the mat for seeds according to the invention.
The animal pesticidal or fungicidal active ingredients, which are used for preparation of the impregnated mat for seeds according to the present invention, are in free form or in an agrochemically usable salt form.
Examples of animal pesticides used for the preparation of the impregnated mat for seeds according to the present invention are: benfuracarb ; ethyl Λ/-[2,3-dihydro-2,2- dimethylbenzofuran-7-yloxycarbonyl(methyl)aminothio]-Λ/-isopropyl-β-alaninate), buprofezin ; 2-tert-butylimino-3-isopropyl-5-phenyl-1 ,3,5-thiadiazinan-4-one), carbofuran ; 2,3-dihydro- 2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yl methylcarbamate), carbosulfan ; 2,3-dihydro-2,2- dimethylbenzofuran-7-yl (dibutylaminothio)methylcarbamate), cartap ; S,S'-(2- dimethylaminotrimethylene) bis(thiocarbamate)), cyromazine ; Λ/-cyclopropyl-1 ,3,5-triazine- 2,4,6-triamine), etofenprox ; 2-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-2-methylpropyl 3-phenoxybenzyl ether), fenthion ; O,O-dimethyl O-4-methylthio-m-tolyl phosphorothioate), lufenuron ; (RS)-I -[2,5- dichloro-4-(1,1 ,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropoxy)phenyl]-3-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)urea), methidathion ; S-2,3-dihydro-5-methoxy-2-oxo-1 ,3,4-thiadiazol-3-ylmethyl O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate; 3-dimethoxyphosphinothioylthiomethyl-5-methoxy-1 ,3,4-thiadiazol-
2(3H)-one), methoxyfenozide ; /V-tert-butyl-/V-(3-methoxy-otoluoyl)-3,5-xylohydrazide), pymetrozine ; (£)-4,5-dihydro-6-methyl-4-(3-pyridylmethyleneamino)-1 ,2,4-triazin-3(2/-/)-one) and tebufenozide ; Λ/-tert-butyl-/V-(4-ethylbenzoyl)-3,5-dimethylbenzohydrazide)(claim 9). Preferred pesticides are selected from one or more of benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, fuberdiazole, thiabendazole, azoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, bitertanol, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, fluquinconazole, flutriafol, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, triadimenol, triticonazole, fludioxonil, triazoxide, cyprodinil, carboxin, silthiofam, ipconazole, trifloxystrobin, imazalil, guazatine, 3-difluoromethyl-1 - methyl-1 Hpyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (2-bicyclopropyl-2-yl-phenyl)-amide, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, abamectin, spinosad, a bisamide, thiacloprid, lambda cyhalothrin, clothianidin, tefluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, theta- cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, and fipronil.
The fungicidal active ingredients and/or animal pesticidal active ingredients are used in unmodified form or, preferably, together with the adjuvants conventionally employed in the art of formulation. To this end they are conveniently formulated in known manner to emulsifiable concentrates, coatable pastes, directly sprayable or dilutable solutions or suspensions, dilute emulsions, wettable powders, soluble powders, dusts, granulates, and also encapsulations e.g. in polymeric substances. As with the type of the compositions, the methods of application, such as spraying, atomising, dusting, scattering, coating or pouring, are chosen in accordance with the intended objectives and the prevailing circumstances. The compositions may also contain further adjuvants such as stabilizers, antifoams, viscosity regulators, binders or tackifiers as well as fertilizers, micronutrient donors or other formulations for obtaining special effects.
Suitable carriers and adjuvants can be solid or liquid and are substances useful in formulation technology, e.g. natural or regenerated mineral substances, solvents, dispersants, wetting agents, tackifiers, thickeners, binders or fertilizers. Such carriers are for example described in WO 97/33890.
The new mat for seeds can control the release rate of pesticidal active ingredient. Release controllable materials can be used for effective releasing because it is difficult to release the active ingredient exactly at the needed time and at the needed concentration. Release control can be achieved, for example, by encapsulation and extrusion. The property of the active ingredient, and property and composition of release controllable material determine the releasable characteristics, such as time, temperature, and other factors. There are several release controllable auxiliaries such as surfactants, solvents, oils, polymer resins and solid fillers. Each release controllable auxiliary makes the release rate fast or slow according to the purpose of release control. The release controllable material, which is used for this invention can be selected to correspond to the purpose of this invention. As surfactants, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether, polyoxyethylene tristyryl aryl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ester, polyoxyethylene alkyl amine, polyoxyethylene sorbitanfatty ester, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer, polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives, sorbitan fatty eater, other non-ionic surfactants, sodium alkyl sulfonate, alkyl sulfosuccinate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, diisopropylnaphthalene sulfonate, alkyl aryl sulfonate formaldehyde condensate and other anionic surfactants are used (claim 4). These surfactants can be used singularly or pluraly. The amount of surfactants depends on the type and amount of pesticidal active ingredient and other release controllable sub materials and whether other release controllable materials are present or not, but 0.01 - 10% by weight of surfactants, preferably 0.5 - 5% by weight of surfactants are impregnated into total composition.
As solvents, mineral oils such as paraffin, white mineral oil and vegetable oils such as olive oil, soybean oil, rape seed oil, corn oil, castor oil, cotton seed oil, coconut oil and palm oil can be used singularly or pluraly (claim 5). The amount of solvents depends on the type of solvent and the amount of pesticidal active ingredient and other release controllable materials and whether other release controllable materials are present. 0.005 - 10% by weight of solvents, preferably 0.1 - 5% by weight of solvents are part of the total composition.
As polymer resins, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, sodium polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sodium alginate, polysaccarides such as starch and dextrin, and gums such as arabic gum, guar gum, xanthan gum and gellan gum can be used singularly or pluraly (claim 6). The amount of polymer resins depends on the amount of pesticidal active ingredient and other release controllable materials and whether release controllable materials are present or not. 0.0005 - 20% by weight of polymer resins, preferably 0,01 - 10% by weight of polymer resins are part of the total composition.
As fillers, pyrophyllite, talc, bentonite, white carbon, urea formaldehyde condensate, kaolin, calcium carbonate, clay, silica and zeolite can be used singularly or pluraly. Usually, solid filler is used as filler (claim 7). The content of fillers depends on the type and amount of pesticidal active ingredient and other release controllable materials and whether other release controllable materials are present or not. 0.1 - 50% by weight of filler, preferably 1 - 35% by weight of filler are part of the total composition.
In addition, anti-foamers, anti-freezers, stabilizers for example can also be part of the mat according to this invention.
The bed soil or raw materials used for the mat of this invention contain organic materials and paper fibers, which are well known to whom those having general knowledge in agribusiness industries. For example, as disclosed in Korean patent registration number 380531 , the organic bed soil composition, which contains organic materials and paper fibers in fixed ratio, can be used as raw materials in the mat of the instant invention. A seedling mat, which is also disclosed in this Korean patent registration containing 60 - 90%w/w of organic raw materials, 10 - 40%w/w of paper fibers, and also 0.1 - 0.5%w/w of non-ionic surfactants and 3 - 5%w/w of harmful organism repellents can be used in the mat of the instant invention. This seedling mat can also contain mat formable organic and inorganic materials additionally such as sawdust, loess, zeolite, and vermiculite and by-products of farm product including straw. Other examples of raw materials is disclosed in Korean patent applications N° 1020040097818 and 1020030012743, which describe a bed soil composition comprising organic raw material composed of peat moss, coconut peat and expanded chaff, as well as paper fiber (or cellulose) obtained from corrugated cardboards, newspaper waste or graft paper.
In a preferred embodiment, 1 - 99% by weight of bed soil, preferably 2 - 98% by weight of bed soil are part of the total composition. The mat for seeds according to the present invention comprises preferably: a) 0.01 to 10%w/w of animal pesticidal active ingredient, and/or 0.01 to 5%w/w of fungicidal active ingredient, and b) 0.01 to 10%w/w of surfactant, and 0.005 to 10%w/w of solvent, and 0.0005 to 20%w/w of polymer resin, and
0.1 to 50%w/w of filler, and c) 1 to 99% w/w of bed soil(claim 10).
The mat for seeds according to the present invention comprises more preferably: a) 0.02 to 5%w/w of animal pesticidal active ingredient, and/or
0.02 to 3%w/w of fungicidal active ingredient, and b) 0.5 to 5%w/w of surfactant, and 0.1 to 5%w/w of solvent, and
0.01 to 10%w/w of polymer resin, and 1 to 35%w/w of filler, and c) 2 to 98%w/w of bed soil.
In a further aspect, a process for the preparation of mat for seeds according to the instant invention comprises the steps of: a) mixing at least one solid or liquid pesticidal active ingredients with at least one ingredient for the preparation of release controllable material selected from the group of surfactants, solvents, polymer resins and fillers, b) wet milling the mixture prepared in (a) until an average particle size of 2 to 5 micron, c) mixing the milled mixture prepared in (b) with mix of organic raw materials and paper fibers, and d) forming a mat by using a mat former with the mixture obtained in (c) (claim 11 ).
A mat former, is an apparatus which allows to prepare the mat according to the invention through suction of slurry containing organic raw materials and/or paper fiber among others and forming a frame. Such devices are known in the art.
In another aspect, a process for the preparation of mat for seeds according to the instant invention comprises the steps of: a) mixing at least one solid or liquid pesticidal active ingredients with at least one ingredient for the preparation of release controllable material selected from the group of surfactants, solvents, polymer resins and fillers, b) extruding the mixture prepared in (a) to form granules, c) coating the granules prepared in (b) with release controllable polymer resins, d) mixing the coated granules prepared in (c) with mix of organic raw materials and paper fibers, and e) forming a mat by using a mat former with the mixture obtained in (d) (claim
12).
In a further aspect, a process for the preparation of a mat for seeds according to the instant invention comprises the steps of: a) mixing at least one solid or liquid pesticidal active ingredients with at least one ingredient for the preparation of release controllable material selected from the group of surfactants, solvents, polymer resins and fillers, b) wet milling the mixture prepared in (a) until an average particle size of 2 to 5 micron, c) extruding the milled mixture prepared in (b) to form granules, d) coating the granules prepared in (c) with release controllable polymer resins, and e) forming a mat by using a mat former with the mixture obtained in (d) (claim 13).
An illustration of the use of a mat for rice seeds according to the invention is described below. The following procedure is just an illustration and does not limit the scope of the invention: a) The mat is placed onto a nursery box (or seedling box), b) Water is poured on the mat in order to to swell fully. c) Pre-germinated seeds such as rice seeds are sown onto the swelled mat. d) The sown seeds are covered with soil and the nursery box is kept until seedling emergence. The roots of the seedlings penetrate the mat and form a root mat. Thereafter, the mat containing the seedlings can be transplanted in a field, for example a paddy field.
Also, envisaged is the use of the mat according to the invention having seeds sown thereon directly in a field, particulary for ornamental and crop plants.
In the instant invention, the seeds of agronomic plants or crops sown on to the mat also include for example, seeds treated with with one or more active ingredients. Treatment could vary from a thin film (dressing) of the formulation containing the active ingredient(s) on a seed, where the original size and/or shape are recognizable to an intermediary state (such as a coating) and then to a thicker film, such as pelleting with many layers of different materials (such as carriers, for example, clays; different formulations, such as of other active ingredients; polymers; and colourants) where the original shape and/or size of the seed is no longer recognisable.
This invention is further explained with reference to the following test examples. These test examples are just illustrations and do not limit the scope of this invention.
Test example 1 : Formulation of fungicide 1
The mat for rice seeds, which is impregnated with fungicide 1 , is formulated by the following process;
Mix 41Og of Azoxystrobin (98.4%, Syngenta UK / strobilurin type fungicide) with 15g of Polyoxyethylene naphthalene formaldehyde condensate, 5Og of Glycerin, 1g of Xanthan gum, 1g of Silicone antifoamer and tap water 523g in a 2L beaker. Agitate the mixture for about 10 minutes and wet milling until the average particle size is 2 to 5 micron.
Test example 2: Formulation of fungicide 2
The mat for rice seeds, which is impregnated with fungicide 2, is formulated by the following process; Mix 41 Og of Azoxystrobin (98.4%, Syngenta / strobilurin type fungicide) with 59Og of paraffin oil in a 2L beaker. Agitate the mixture for about 10 minutes and wet milling until the average particle size is 2 to 5 micron.
Test example 3: Formulation of fungicide 3
The mat for rice seeds, which is impregnated with fungicide 3, is formulated by the following process;
Mix 41Og of Azoxystrobin (98.4%, Syngenta / strobilurin type fungicide) with 3Og of Castor oil ethoxylated, 2Og of Dodecylbenzene sulfonate calcium salt, 5Og of Polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, and 49Og of paraffin oil in a 2L beaker. Agitate the mixture for about 10 minutes and wet milling until the average particle size is 2 to 5 micron.
Test example 4: Formulation of fungicide 4
The mat for rice seeds, which is impregnated with fungicide 4, is formulated by the following process;
Mix 10Og of Azoxystrobin (98.4%, Syngenta / strobilurin type fungicide) with 5Og of Pre-gelatin starch, 137g of Zeolite powder, 5g of liquid paraffin, 5g of Talc and 488g of Pyrophyllite in a mixer. Mill the mixture by a dry mill until 98% of the particles are passed by 250mesh sieve. Wet the milled powder with water and extrude by an extruder. Dry the extruded granule and transfer to a coating vessel. Coat the granules with 43Og of Polyvinylacetate emulsion by spraying and drying said granules repeatedly.
Test example 5: Formulation of insecticide 1
The mat for rice seeds, which is impregnated with Insecticide 1 , is formulated by the following process;
Mix 41Og of Thiamethoxam (98.5%, Syngenta / thianicotinyl type insecticide) with 2Og of Polyoxyethylene tristyrylphenylether potassium salt, 2Og of Ligno sulfonic acid sodium salt, 5Og of Glycerin, 1g of Xanthan gum, 1g of Silicon antifoamer and tap water 498g in a 2L beaker. Agitate the mixture for about 10 minutes and mill wet milling until the average particle size is 2 to 5 micron.
Test example 6: Formulation of insecticide 2
The mat for rice seeds, which is impregnated with Insecticide 2, is formulated by the following process;
Mix 41Og of Thiamethoxam (98.5%, Syngenta / thianicotinyl type insecticide) with 15g of Polyoxyethylene naphthaleneformaldehyde condensate, 5Og of Glycerin, 1 g of Xanthan gum, 1g of Silicon antifoamer and tap water 523g in a 2L beaker. Agitate the mixture for about 10 minutes and wet milling until the average particle size is 2 to 5 micron.
Test example 7: Formulation of insecticide 3
The mat for rice seeds, which is impregnated with Insecticide 3, is formulated by the following process;
Mix 41Og of Thiamethoxam (98.5%, Syngenta / thianicotinyl type insecticide) with 59Og of paraffin oil in a 2L beaker. Agitate the mixture for about 10 minutes and wet milling until the average particle size is 2 to 5 micron. Test example 8: Formulation of insecticide 4
The mat for rice seeds, which is impregnated with Insecticide 4, is formulated by the following process;
Mix Thiamethoxam 410 g of (98.5%, Syngenta / thianicotinyl type insecticide) with 3Og of Castor oil ethoxylated, 2Og of Dodecylbenzene sulfonate calcium salt, 5Og of Polyoxyethylene lauryl ether and 49Og of paraffin oil in a 2L beaker. Agitate the mixture for about 10 minutes and wet milling until the average particle size is 2 to 5 micron.
Test example 9: Formulation of insecticide 5
The mat for rice seeds, which is impregnated with Insecticide 5, is formulated by the following process;
Mix 44g of Thiamethoxam (98.5%, Syngenta / thianicotinyl type insecticide) with 5Og of Pre-gelatin starch, 137g of Zeolite powder, 5g of liquid paraffin, 5g of Talc and 544g of Pyrophyllite in a mixer. Mill the mixture by a dry mill until 98% of the particles are passed by 250-mesh sieve. Wet the milled powder with water and extrude by an extruder. Dry the extruded granule and transfer to a coating vessel. Coat 43Og of Polyvinylacetate emulsion on the granule by spraying and drying repeatedly.
Test example 10: Mat for rice seeds N° 1 impregnated with fungicide formulation 1
The mat for rice seeds N° 1 , impregnated with fungicide formulation 1 is formulated by the following process;
Mix 20Og of fungicide 1 prepared by test example 1 , with 100Og of the raw materials for formation of rice seedling mat (Korean patent number KR 438049) as dry base, which is sold under the commercial name "Choabang Topsoil Mat" by National Agro Co. in order to form the seed mat composition 1 for rice, impregnated with fungicide formulation 1.
Test example 11 : Mat for rice seeds N° 2. impregnated with fungicide formulation 2
The mat for rice seeds N° 2, impregnated with fungicide formulation 2 is formulated by the same process as test example 10, except adding of fungicide 2 instead of fungicide 1.
Test example 12: Mat for rice seeds N° 3. impregnated with fungicide formulation 3
The mat for rice seeds N° 3, impregnated with fungicide formulation 3 is formulated by the same process as test example 10, except adding of fungicide 3 instead of fungicide 1. Test example 13: Mat for rice seeds N° 4. impregnated with fungicide formulation 4
The mat for rice seeds N° 4, impregnated with fungicide formulation 4 is formulated by the same process as test example 10, except mixing 800g of fungicide 4, which was prepared by test example 4 with 40Og of the raw materials for the formation of a mat for rice seeds instead of fungicide 1
Test example 14: Mat for rice seeds N° 5. impregnated with insecticide formulation 1
The mat for rice seeds N° 5, impregnated with insecticide formulation 1 is formulated by the following process; Mix 2Og of insecticide 1 prepared by test example 5 with 118Og of the raw materials for formation of rice seedling mat (Korean patent number KR 438049) as dry base, which is sold under the commercial name "Choabang Topsoil Mat" by National Agro Co. and form the seed mat composition 5 for rice, impregnated with insecticide formulation 1.
Test example 15: Mat for rice seeds N° 6. impregnated with insecticide formulation 2
The mat for rice seeds N° 6, impregnated with insecticide formulation 2 is formulated by the same process as test example 14, except adding of insecticide 2, which was prepared by test example 6 instead of insecticide 1.
Test example 16: Mat for rice seeds N° 7. impregnated with insecticide formulation 3
The mat for rice seeds N° 7, impregnated with insecticide formulation 3 is formulated by the same process as test example 14, except adding of insecticide 3, which was prepared by test example 7 instead of insecticide 1.
Test example 17: Mat for rice seeds N° 8, impregnated with insecticide formulation 4
The mat for rice seeds N° 8, impregnated with insecticide formulation 4 is formulated by the same process as test example 14, except adding of insecticide 4, which was prepared by test example 8 instead of insecticide 1.
Test example 18: Mat for rice seeds N° 9. impregnated with insecticide formulation 5
The mat for rice seeds N° 9, impregnated with insecticide formulation 5 is formulated by the same process as test example 14, except mixing 20Og of insecticide 5, which was prepared by test example 9 with 100Og of the raw materials for formation of rice seed mat instead of insecticide 1. Test example 19: Mat for rice seeds N° 10. impregnated both with fungicide formulation 1 and insecticide formulation 1
The mat for rice seeds N° 10, impregnated both with fungicide formulation 1 and insecticide formulation 1 is formulated by the following process; Mix 200g of fungicide 1 , which was prepared by test example 1 and 2Og of insecticide 1 , which was prepared by test example 5 with 98Og of the raw materials for formation of rice seedling mat (Korean patent number KR 438049) as dry base, which is sold under the commercial name "Choabang Topsoil Mat" by National Agro Co. and form mat composition 10 for rice, impregnated both with fungicide formulation 1 and insecticide formulation 1.
Test example 20: Mat for rice seeds N° 11. impregnated both with fungicide formulation 2 and insecticide formulation 2
The mat for rice seeds N° 11 , impregnated both with fungicide formulation 2 and insecticide formulation 2 is formulated by the same process as test example 19 except using fungicide 2 and insecticide 2 instead of fungicide 1 and insecticide 1.
Test example 21 : Mat for rice seeds N° 12. impregnated both with fungicide formulation 3 and insecticide formulation 3 The mat for rice seeds N° 12, impregnated both with fungicide formulation 3 and insecticide formulation 3 is formulated by the same process as test example 19 except using fungicide 3 and insecticide 3 instead of fungicide 1 and insecticide 1.
Test example 22: Mat for rice seeds N° 13. impregnated both with fungicide formulation 4 and insecticide formulation 4
The mat for rice seeds N° 13, impregnated both with fungicide formulation 4 and insecticide formulation 4 is formulated by the same process as test example 19, except using
80Og of fungicide 4 and 2Og of insecticide 4 with 38Og of the raw materials for formation of rice seed mat instead of fungicide 1 and insecticide 1.
Test example 23: Mat for rice seeds N0 14. impregnated both with fungicide formulation 1 and insecticide formulation 5
Mix 20Og of fungicide 1 prepared by test example 1 and 20Og of insecticide 1 , which was prepared by test example 9 with 80Og of the raw materials for the formation of rice seedling mat (Korean patent number KR 438049) as dry base), which is sold under the commercial name "Choabang Topsoil Mat" by National Agro Co. and form the seed mat composition 14 for rice, impregnated both with fungicide formulation 1 and insecticide formulation 5.
Test example 24: Mat for rice seeds N° 15, impregnated both with fungicide formulation 1 and insecticide formulation 5
The mat for rice seeds N0 15 for rice, impregnated both with fungicide formulation 1 and insecticide formulation 5 is formulated by the same process as test example 23, except using fungicide 2 instead of fungicide 1.
Test example 25: Mat for rice seeds N0 16. impregnated both with fungicide formulation 3 and insecticide formulation 5
The mat for rice seeds N° 16, impregnated both with fungicide formulation 3 and insecticide formulation 5 is formulated by the same process as test example 23, except using fungicide 3 instead of fungicide 1.
Test example 26: Mat for rice seeds N° 17. impregnated both with fungicide formulation 4 and insecticide formulation 5
The mat for rice seeds N° 17, impregnated both with fungicide formulation 4 and insecticide formulation 5 is formulated by the same process as test example 23, except using 80Og of fungicide 4 instead of fungicide 1 with 20Og of the raw materials for formation of rice seed mat.
Test example 27: Mat for rice seeds N° 18, impregnated both with fungicide formulations 1 & 4 and insecticide formulations 1 & 5 The mat for rice seeds N° 18, impregnated both with fungicide formulations 1 & 4 and insecticide formulations 1 & 5 is formulated by the same process as test example 23, except using 100g of fungicide 1 , 40Og of fungicide 4, 10g of insecticide 1 and 100g of insecticide 5 with 39Og of the raw materials for formation of rice seed mat.
Comparative example 1
Marketed product for seed treatment was used as a comparative example 1. The seed was soaked for 3 to 4days followed by removing water for treatment. Product, a wettable powder, was applied onto the seed. Germination was forced to be 1 to 3mm of shoot. Germinated seed was sown onto the nursery box which is half-filled by seed bed soil. Bed soil was saturated before sowing. Dry soil covered top of the sown seed. Seedlings were transplanted after 10 to 25 days of nursery period at the adequate temperature. Comparative example 2
A conventional granule type product comprising an insecticide and fungicide mixture for seedling box application was selected as a comparative example 2. Pesticide untreated germinated seed is sown onto nursery with same nursing method as comparative example 1. Transplanting was conducted after treating-scattering the pesticide onto nursery box at 0 to 7 days before transplanting.
Evaluation of biological efficacy and crop safety
Plot for efficacy trial is designed as 30m2 (5m*6m, In general, 1 seed mat can be transplanted) and the depth of paddy water is controlled at 3-5cm. The evaluation of fungicidal efficacy is calculated by comparing disease severity of untreated plots with those of treated plots. To evaluate insecticidal efficacy, the number of target insect per plant is counted in order to compare the efficacy with untreated plot. Efficacy was expressed by percent (%). Observation for crop safety is carried out in nursery box until the day before transplanting and is kept until the biological efficacy evaluation is completed.
[Table 1] Evaluation of biological efficacy and phvtotoxicity of a composition of seed mat for rice impregnated with fungicide
Figure imgf000025_0001
Above table 1 shows that the seed mat for rice impregnated with fungicide has good biological efficacy and enough persistence.
[Table 2] Evaluation of biological efficacy and phytotoxicity of a composition of seed mat for 5 rice impregnated with insecticide
Figure imgf000026_0001
Above table 2 shows that the seed mat for rice impregnated with insecticide has good biology efficacy and enough persistence.
10 [Table 31 Evaluation of biological efficacy and phytotoxicity of compositions of seed mat for rice impregnated both with fungicide and insecticide
Figure imgf000026_0002
Figure imgf000027_0001
^r* Observation of phytotoxicity of comparative example 2 is not possible due to its application timing (it is applied just before transplanting at the same day)
Above table 3 shows that compositions of seed mat for rice impregnated both with fungicide and insecticide have good biological efficacy. Especially, release controllable compositions of seed mat for rice impregnated both with fungicide and insecticide show better biological efficacy.
According to this invention, no more pesticide application is needed later and therefore, 10 manpower can be saved and no exposure of farmer to pesticide is expected. Especially, release control of pesticide active ingredients is possible.

Claims

What is claimed is:
1. A mat for seeds comprising: a) at least one animal pesticidal active ingredient and/or at least one fungicidal active ingredient, b) at least one release controllable material comprising surfactant, solvent, polymer resin and filler, and c) as bed soil a mix of organic raw materials and/or paper fibers.
2. The mat according to claim 1 for rice seeds.
3. The mat according to claim 1 for seeds of agronomic or crop plants selected from cereals, such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, maize or sorghum; beet, such as sugar or fodder beet; fruit, for example pome fruit, stone fruit and soft fruit, such as apples, pears, plums, peaches, almonds, cherries or berries, for example strawberries, raspberries or blackberries; legumes, such as beans, lentils, peas or soya beans; oil crops such as oil seed rape, mustard, poppies, olives, sunflowers, coconuts, castor, cacao or peanuts; the marrow family, such as pumpkins, cucumbers or melons; fibre plants such as cotton, flax, hemp or jute; citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits or tangerines; vegetables such as spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbage species, carrots, onions, chillis, tomatoes, potatoes, or capsicums; the laurel family such as avocado, Cinnamonium or camphor; and tobacco, nuts, coffee, egg plants, sugar cane, tea, pepper, grapevines, hops, the banana family, latex plants, ornamentals, flowers and turf grasses.
4. The mat according to any one of claims 1 to 3 comprising at least one surfactant selected from polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether, polyoxyethylene tristyryl aryl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ester, polyoxyethylene alkyl amine, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty ester, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer, polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives, sorbitan fatty ester, sodium alkyl sulfonate, alkyl sulfosuccinate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, diisopropylnaphthalene sulfonate and alkyl aryl sulfonate formaldehyde condensate.
5. The mat according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprising at least one solvent selected from paraffin oil, white mineral oil, olive oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, castor oil, cottonseed oil, coconut oil and palm oil.
6. The mat according to any one of claims 1 to 5 comprising at least one polymer resin, selected from polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, sodium polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sodium alginate, starch, dextrin, arabic gum, guar gum, xanthan gum and gellan gum.
7. The mat according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprising at least one filler, which is selected among the group of pyrophyllite, talc, bentonite, white carbon, urea formaldehyde condensate, kaolin, calcium carbonate, clay, silica and zeolite.
8. The mat according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprising at least one fungicidal active ingredient selected from acibenzolar-S-methyl, azoxystrobin, carpropamid, cyproconazole, cyprodinil, difenoconazole, edifenphos, epoxiconazole, fenoxanil, ferimzone, fludioxonil, flutolanil, fthalide, hexaconazole, hymexazole, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, metominostrobin, pencycuron, probenazole, propiconazole, pyroquilon, thiabendazole, thiadinil, tricyclazole, validamycin, trifloxystrobin, tebuconazole and fluoxastrobin.
9. The mat according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprising at least one animal pesticidal active ingredient selected from abamectin, acetamiprid, benfuracarb, buprofezin, carbofuran, carbosulfan, cartap, clothianidin, cyromazine, dinotefuran, etofenprox, fenthion, fipronil, imidacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin, lufenuron, methidathion, methoxyfenozide, pymetrozine, thiamethoxam, tebufenozide and tefluthrin.
10. The mat according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprising: a) 0.01 to 10%w/w of animal pesticidal active ingredient, and/or
0.01 to 5%w/w of fungicidal active ingredient, and b) 0.01 to 10%w/w of surfactant, and 0.005 to 10%w/w of solvent, and 0.0005 to 20%w/w of polymer resin, and 0.1 to 50%w/w of filler, and c) 1 to 99% w/w of bed soil.
11. A process for the preparation of the mat for seeds comprising the steps of: a) mixing at least one solid or liquid pesticidal active ingredients with at least one ingredient, selected from animal pesticidal active ingredient and fungicidal active ingredient, for the preparation of release controllable material selected from the group of surfactants, solvents, polymer resins and fillers, b) wet milling the mixture prepared in (a) until an average particle size of 2 to 5 micron, c) mixing the milled mixture prepared in (b) with mix of organic raw materials and paper fibers, and d) forming a mat by using a mat former with the mixture obtained in (c).
12. A process for the preparation of the mat for seeds comprising the steps of: a) mixing at least one solid or liquid pesticidal active ingredients with at least one ingredient, selected from animal pesticidal active ingredient and fungicidal active ingredient, for the preparation of release controllable material selected from the group of surfactants, solvents, polymer resins and fillers, b) extruding the mixture prepared in (a) to form granules, c) coating the granules prepared in (b) with release controllable polymer resins, d) mixing the coated granules prepared in (c) with mix of organic raw materials and paper fibers, and e) forming a mat by using a mat former with the mixture obtained in (d).
13. A process for the preparation of the mat for seeds comprising the steps of: a) mixing at least one solid or liquid pesticidal active ingredients with at least one ingredient, selected from animal pesticidal active ingredient and fungicidal active ingredient, for the preparation of release controllable material selected from the group of surfactants, solvents, polymer resins and fillers, b) wet milling the mixture prepared in (a) until an average particle size of 2 to 5 micron, c) extruding the milled mixture prepared in (b) to form granules, d) coating the granules prepared in (c) with release controllable polymer resins, and e) forming a mat by using a mat former with the mixture obtained in (d).
14. Use of a controlled release formulation comprising at least one animal pesticidal active ingredient and/or at least one fungicidal active ingredient together with the mat for seeds for controlling animal pests and/or pathogens.
15. The use according to claims 14 where seeds and/or seedlings are rice seeds and/or seedlings.
16. The use according to claims 14 where seeds and/or seedlings are seeds and/or seedlings of agronomic plants or crops selected from cereals, such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, maize or sorghum; beet, such as sugar or fodder beet; fruit, for example pome fruit, stone fruit and soft fruit, such as apples, pears, plums, peaches, almonds, cherries or berries, for example strawberries, raspberries or blackberries; legumes, such as beans, lentils, peas or soya beans; oil crops such as oil seed rape, mustard, poppies, olives, sunflowers, coconuts, castor, cacao or peanuts; the marrow family, such as pumpkins, cucumbers or melons; fibre plants such as cotton, flax, hemp or jute; citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits or tangerines; vegetables such as spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbage species, carrots, onions, chillis, tomatoes, potatoes, or capsicums; the laurel family such as avocado, Cinnamonium or camphor; and tobacco, nuts, coffee, egg plants, sugar cane, tea, pepper, grapevines, hops, the banana family, latex plants, ornamentals, flowers and turf grasses.
PCT/EP2005/012996 2004-12-06 2005-12-05 A mat for seeds and the method for producing the same WO2006061164A1 (en)

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